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Ge X, He J, Zheng Y, Wang Q, Cheng H, Bao Y, Lin S, Yang X. Association of Blood Metals and Metal Mixtures with the Myocardial Enzyme Profile: An Occupational Population-Based Study in China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04316-z. [PMID: 39069562 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
To investigate a cross-sectional association between blood metal mixture and myocardial enzyme profile, we quantified creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBD), and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels among participants from the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort (MEWHC) (n = 544). The levels of 22 metals in blood cells were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression model was utilized for screening metals. The exposure-response relationship between specific metal and myocardial enzyme profile was identified by general linear regression and restricted cubic spline analyses. The overall effect and interactions were evaluated using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Manganese was linearly and positively associated with CK (Poverall = 0.019, Pnon-linearity = 0.307), dominating the positive overall effect of mixture exposure (manganese, arsenic, and rubidium) on CK level. Calcium and zinc were linearly and negatively associated with LD levels (Poverall < 0.05, Pnon-linearity > 0.05), and asserted dominance in the negative overall effect of metal mixtures (rubidium, molybdenum, zinc, nickel, cobalt, calcium, and magnesium) on LD level. Interestingly, we observed a U-shaped dose-response relationship of molybdenum with LD level (Poverall < 0.001, Pnon-linearity = 0.015), an interaction between age and calcium on LD level (Pinteration = 0.041), and an interaction between smoking and molybdenum on LD level (Pinteration = 0.035). Our study provides evidence that metal mixture exposure affects the myocardial enzyme profile. Additional investigation is required to confirm these associations, and to reveal the fundamental mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ge
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China
| | - Junxiu He
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yu Bao
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Sencai Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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2
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Lin S, He J, Zhou Y, Bao Y, Feng X, Cheng H, Cai H, Hu S, Wang L, Zheng Y, Zhang M, Fan Q, Wen S, Lin Y, Liu C, Chen X, Wang F, Ge X, Yang X. Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Metal Mixtures and Serum C3, C4: Result from the Manganese‑exposed Workers Healthy Cohort. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04143-2. [PMID: 38492120 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to metal mixtures compromises the immune system, with the complement system connecting innate and adaptive immunity. Herein, we sought to explore the relationships between blood cell metal mixtures and the third and fourth components of serum complement (C3, C4). A total of 538 participants were recruited in November 2017, and 289 participants were followed up in November 2021. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis at baseline and a longitudinal analysis over 4 years. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) was employed to identify the primary metals related to serum C3, C4; generalized linear model (GLM) was further used to evaluate the cross-sectional associations of the selected metals and serum C3, C4. Furthermore, participants were categorized into three groups according to the percentage change in metal concentrations over 4 years. GLM was performed to assess the associations between changes in metal concentrations and changes in serum C3, C4 levels. At baseline, each 1-unit increase in log10-transformed in magnesium, manganese, copper, rubidium, and lead was significantly associated with a change in serum C3 of 0.226 (95% CI: 0.146, 0.307), 0.055 (95% CI: 0.022, 0.088), 0.113 (95% CI: 0.019, 0.206), - 0.173 (95% CI: - 0.262, - 0.083), and - 0.020 (95% CI: - 0.039, - 0.001), respectively. Longitudinally, decreased copper concentrations were negatively associated with an increment in serum C3 levels, while decreased lead concentrations were positively associated with an increment in serum C3 levels. However, no metal was found to be primarily associated with serum C4 in LASSO, so we did not further explore the relationship between them. Our research indicates that copper and lead may affect complement system homeostasis by influencing serum C3 levels. Further investigation is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sencai Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Junxiu He
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yinghua Zhou
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China
| | - Yu Bao
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiuming Feng
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Haiqing Cai
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Sihan Hu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Science, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qinghua Fan
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shifeng Wen
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yuanxin Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoting Ge
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China.
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Ge X, He J, Lin S, Bao Y, Zheng Y, Cheng H, Cai H, Feng X, Yang W, Hu S, Wang L, Liao Q, Wang F, Liu C, Chen X, Zou Y, Yang X. Associations of metal mixtures with thyroid function and potential interactions with iodine status: results from a cross-sectional study in MEWHC. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:105665-105674. [PMID: 37715904 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29682-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Few studies are available on associations between metal mixture exposures and disrupted thyroid hormone homeostasis; particularly, the role of iodine status was ignored. Here, we aimed to explore the cross-sectional relationship of blood cell metals with thyroid homeostasis and explore the potential modifying effect of iodine status. Among 328 workers from the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort (MEWHC), we detected thyroid function parameters: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total tetraiodothyronine (TT4), free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) as well as calculated sum activity of peripheral deiodinases (GD) and thyroid's secretory capacity (GT). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure 22 metal concentrations in blood cells. Based on the consistent results of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) analyses, there were significant positive associations between copper and TSH (β = 2.016), iron and FT4 (β = 0.403), titanium and GD (β = 0.142), nickel and GD (β = 0.057), and negative associations between copper and FT4 (β = - 0.226), selenium and GD (β = - 0.332), among the participants. Interestingly, we observed an inverted-U shape relationship between magnesium and FT4. Furthermore, we found a synergistic effect between arsenic and copper on the TSH level, while antagonistic effects between nickel and copper as well as nickel and selenium on the TSH level. We observed a modified effect of iodine status on association between strontium and GD (Pinteraction = 0.026). It suggests metal mixture exposures can alter thyroid homeostasis among the occupational population, and deiodinase activity had a modified effect on association between strontium and GD. Validation of these associations and elucidation of underlying mechanisms require further researches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China
| | - Junxiu He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Sencai Lin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Haiqing Cai
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiuming Feng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Sihan Hu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Science, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China
| | - Qijing Liao
- School of Science, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Cahoqun Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
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Cai H, Bao Y, Cheng H, Ge X, Zhang M, Feng X, Zheng Y, He J, Wei Y, Liu C, Li L, Huang L, Wang F, Chen X, Chen P, Yang X. Zinc homeostasis may reverse the synergistic neurotoxicity of heavy metal mixtures in Caenorhabditis elegans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161699. [PMID: 36682567 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal mixtures can cause nerve damage. However, the combined effects of metal mixtures are extremely complex and rarely studied. Zinc (Zn) homeostasis plays an integral role in neural function, but the role of Zn homeostasis in the toxicity of metal mixtures is not well understood. Here, we investigated the combined effects of manganese (Mn), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) on nerves and the effect of Zn homeostasis on metal toxicity. Caenorhabditis elegans (Maupas, 1900) were exposed to single and multiple metals for 8 days, their movement, behavior, neurons and metal concentration were detected to evaluate the combined effect of metal mixtures. After nematodes were co-treated with metal mixtures and Zn, the nerve function, Zn concentration and redox balance were detected to evaluate the effect of Zn homeostasis on metal toxicity. The results showed that Mn + Pb and Pb + As mixtures induced synergistic toxicity for nematode nerves, which damaged movement, behavior and neurons, and decreased Zn concentration. While Zn supplementation recovered Zn homeostasis and promoted redox balance on nematodes, and then improved the nerve function. Our study demonstrated the combined effects of metal mixtures and the neuroprotective effect of Zn homeostasis. Therefore, assessment of metal mixtures toxicity should consider their interaction and the impacts of essential metals homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Cai
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Research on Medical Engineering Integration and Innovation, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiuming Feng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junxiu He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yue Wei
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Longman Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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5
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Meng H, Ruan J, Chen Y, Yan Z, Liu J, Wang X, Meng X, Wang J, Zhang Q, Li X, Meng F. Trace Elements Open a New Direction for the Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:23. [PMID: 39076854 PMCID: PMC11270404 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2401023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue leads to a condition called obesity. Long-term positive energy balance arises when energy intake surpasses energy expenditure, which increases the risk of metabolic and other chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis. In industrialized countries, the prevalence of coronary heart disease is positively correlated with the human development index. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACD) is among the primary causes of death on a global scale. There is evidence to support the notion that individuals from varied socioeconomic origins may experience varying mortality effects as a result of high blood pressure, high blood sugar, raised cholesterol levels, and high body mass index (BMI). However, it is believed that changes in the concentration of trace elements in the human body are the main contributors to the development of some diseases and the transition from a healthy to a diseased state. Metal trace elements, non-metal trace elements, and the sampling site will be examined to determine whether trace elements can aid in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. This article will discuss whether trace elements, discussed under three sections of metal trace elements, non-metal trace elements, and the sampling site, can participate in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Meng
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianjun Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaohan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinsha Liu
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fanbo Meng
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, 130033 Changchun, Jilin, China
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Ge X, Ye G, He J, Bao Y, Zheng Y, Cheng H, Feng X, Yang W, Wang F, Zou Y, Yang X. Metal mixtures with longitudinal changes in lipid profiles: findings from the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:85103-85113. [PMID: 35793018 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21653-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The majority of epidemiological investigations on metal exposures and lipid metabolism employed cross-sectional designs and focused on individual metal. We explored the associations between metal mixture exposures and longitudinal changes in lipid profiles and potential sexual heterogeneity. We recruited 250 men and 73 women, aged 40 years at baseline (2012), and followed them up in 2020, from the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort. We detected metal concentrations of blood cells at baseline with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Lipid profiles were repeatedly measured over 8 years of follow-up. We performed sparse partial least squares (sPLS) model to evaluate multi-pollutant associations. Bayesian kernel machine regression was utilized for metal mixtures as well as evaluating their joint impacts on lipid changes. In sPLS models, a positive association was found between manganese and change in total cholesterol (TC) (beta = 0.169), while a negative association was observed between cobalt (beta = - 0.134) and change in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (beta = - 0.178) among overall participants, which were consistent in men. Interestingly, rubidium was positively associated with change in LDL-C (beta = 0.273) in women, while copper was negatively associated with change in TC (beta = - 0.359) and LDL-C (beta = - 0.267). Magnesium was negatively associated with change in TC (beta = - 0.327). We did not observe the significantly cumulative effect of metal mixtures on lipid changes. In comparison to other metals, manganese had a more significant influence on lipid change [group PIP (0.579) and conditional PIP (0.556) for TC change in men]. Furthermore, male rats exposed to manganese (20 mg/kg) had higher levels of LDL-C in plasma and more apparent inflammatory infiltration, vacuolation of liver cells, nuclear pyknosis, and fatty change than the controls. These findings highlight the potential role of metal mixtures in lipid metabolism with sex-dependent heterogeneity. More researches are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Guohong Ye
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Junxiu He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiuming Feng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China.
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Chen P, Cheng H, Zheng F, Li S, Bornhorst J, Yang B, Lee KH, Ke T, Li Y, Schwerdtle T, Yang X, Bowman AB, Aschner M. BTBD9 attenuates manganese-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity by regulating insulin growth factor signaling pathway. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2207-2222. [PMID: 35134179 PMCID: PMC9262395 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential mineral, but excess exposure can cause dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder, but the etiology and pathology remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify the role of Mn in the regulation of an RLS genetic risk factor BTBD9, characterize the function of BTBD9 in Mn-induced oxidative stress and dopaminergic neuronal dysfunction. We found that human subjects with high blood Mn levels were associated with decreased BTBD9 mRNA levels, when compared with subjects with low blood Mn levels. In A549 cells, Mn exposure decreased BTBD9 protein levels. In Caenorhabditis elegans, loss of hpo-9 (BTBD9 homolog) resulted in more susceptibility to Mn-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as decreased dopamine levels and alternations of dopaminergic neuronal morphology and behavior. Overexpression of hpo-9 in mutant animals restored these defects and the protection was eliminated by mutation of the forkhead box O (FOXO). In addition, expression of hpo-9 upregulated FOXO protein levels and decreased protein kinase B levels. These results suggest that elevated Mn exposure might be an environmental risk factor for RLS. Furthermore, BTBD9 functions to alleviate Mn-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity via regulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 53021, China
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 53021, China
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal 42119, Germany
| | - Bobo Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kun He Lee
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Tao Ke
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yunhui Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
- TraceAge—DFG Research Group on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena 14558, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 53021, China
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545026, China
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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8
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He J, Ge X, Cheng H, Bao Y, Feng X, Zan G, Wang F, Zou Y, Yang X. Sex-specific associations of exposure to metal mixtures with telomere length change: Results from an 8-year longitudinal study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:151327. [PMID: 34717997 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the relationships between exposure to metal mixtures and telomere length (TL) are limited, particularly longitudinal studies. Few studies are available on the potential sex-specific associations between metal exposures and TL change. We examined blood metal concentrations and TL at baseline (August 2012) and follow-up (June 2020) among 316 participants in a ferro-manganese refinery. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) followed by the generalized linear model (GLM) was applied to evaluate the associations between multiple-metal exposures and TL change (TL in 2012 minus TL in 2020). Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was applied to cope with metal mixtures and evaluate their joint effects on TL change. Among men, three statistical methods consistently showed rubidium was negatively associated with TL change (β [95% CI] = -2.755 [-5.119, -0.391] in the GLM) and dominated the negative overall effects of 10 metal mixtures (magnesium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc, selenium, rubidium, cadmium, and lead) on TL change (posterior inclusion probabilities = 0.816). Among women, the GLM (β [95% CI] = 4.463 [0.943, 7.983]) and LASSO (β = 4.289) showed rubidium was positively associated with TL change. Interestingly, no significant association was observed between exposure to metal mixtures and TL change in overall participants (P > 0.05). Furthermore, stratified analysis showed significant relationships between rubidium and TL change in men (β = -2.744), women (β = 3.624), and current smokers (β = -3.266) (both P interaction <0.05). In summary, our findings underlined the steady and negative association between rubidium and TL change among men with potential sex-dependent heterogeneities. Further experimental studies are required to expound the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiu He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiuming Feng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Gaohui Zan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.
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9
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Ge X, Yang A, Huang S, Luo X, Hou Q, Huang L, Zhou Y, Li D, Lv Y, Li L, Cheng H, Chen X, Zan G, Tan Y, Liu C, Xiao L, Zou Y, Yang X. Sex-specific associations of plasma metals and metal mixtures with glucose metabolism: An occupational population-based study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143906. [PMID: 33341635 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies with multi-pollutant approach on the relationships between multiple metals and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) are limited. Few studies are available on the potential sex-specific associations between metal exposures and glucose metabolism. We explored the associations between 22 plasma metals and FPG level among the 769 participants from the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort in China. We applied a sparse partial least squares (sPLS) regression followed by ordinary least-squares regression to evaluate multi-pollutant association. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model was used to deal with metal mixtures and evaluate their joint effects on FPG level. In the sPLS model, negative associations on FPG levels were observed for plasma iron (belta = -0.066), cobalt (belta = -0.075), barium (belta = -0.109), and positive associations for strontium (belta = 0.082), and selenium (belta = 0.057) in men, which overlapped with the results among the overall participants. Among women, plasma copper (belta = 0.112) and antimony (belta = 0.137) were positively associated with elevated FPG level. Plasma magnesium was negatively associated with FPG level in both sexes (belta = -0.071 in men and belta = -0.144 in women). The results of overlapped for plasma magnesium was selected as the significant contributor to decreasing FPG level in the multi-pollutant, single-metal, and multi-metal models. BKMR model showed a significantly negative over-all effect of six metal mixtures (magnesium, iron, cobalt, selenium, strontium and barium) on FPG level among the overall participants from all the metals fixed at 50th percentile. In summary, our findings underline the probable role of metals in glucose homeostasis with potential sex-dependent heterogeneities, and suggest more researches are needed to explore the sex-specific associations of metal exposures with risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Aimin Yang
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Sifang Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaoyu Luo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qingzhi Hou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Defu Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yingnan Lv
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Longman Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Gaohui Zan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yanli Tan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.
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10
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Luo X, Liu Z, Ge X, Huang S, Zhou Y, Li D, Li L, Chen X, Huang L, Hou Q, Cheng H, Xiao L, Liu C, Zou Y, Yang X. High manganese exposure decreased the risk of high triglycerides in workers: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:874. [PMID: 32503499 PMCID: PMC7275562 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Manganese (Mn) participates in lipid metabolism. However, the associations between Mn exposure and dyslipidaemia is unclear. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from the 2017 the Mn-exposed workers healthy cohort (MEWHC). Finally, 803 occupationally Mn-exposed workers included in the study. The workers were divided into two groups. The grouping of this study was based on Mn-Time Weighted Averages (Mn-TWA). The high-exposure group included participants with Mn-TWA greater than 0.15 mg/m3. The low-exposure group included participants with Mn-TWA less than or equal to 0.15 mg/m3. Mn-TWA levels and dyslipidaemia were assessed. Results After adjustment for seniority, sex, cigarette consumption, alcohol consumption, high-fat diet frequency, medicine intake in the past two weeks, egg intake frequency, drinking tea, WHR, and hypertension, Mn-TWA levels was negatively correlated with high triglycerides (TG) risk in workers overall (OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.73; p < 0.01). The results of males and females were consistent (OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.81; p < 0.01) and (OR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.94; p < 0.01), respectively. By performing interactions analyses of workers overall, we observed no significant interactions among confounders. Mn-TWA levels and pack-years on high TG risk (relative excess risk for the interactions (RERI = 2.29, 95% CI: − 2.07, 6.66), (RERI) = 2.98, 95% CI: − 2.30, 8.26). Similarly, smoking status, drinking status, high-fat diet frequency, and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) showed non-significant interactions with Mn-TWA levels on high TG risk. Conclusions This research indicates that high Mn exposure was negatively related to high TG risk in workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Luo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenfang Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sifang Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Defu Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Longman Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingzhi Hou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. .,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. .,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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11
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Chen X, Liu Z, Ge X, Luo X, Huang S, Zhou Y, Li D, Cheng H, Li L, Huang L, Hou Q, Zan G, Tan Y, Liu C, Zou Y, Yang X. Associations between manganese exposure and multiple immunological parameters in manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 59:126454. [PMID: 31954213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese (Mn) ions play a crucial role in the immune response. The immunotoxicity of Mn is rarely reported compared with the neurotoxicity of Mn. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between chronic Mn exposure and immunological parameters in occupational Mn-exposed workers. METHODS A total of 538 workers were selected from the follow-up of manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort (MEWHC) in 2017. We divided the workers into the low-exposure group and the high-exposure group by the cutoff of the manganese-time weighted average (Mn-TWA) setting at 0.15 mg/m3. We examined serum immunological parameters by the immunoturbidimetric method and leukocyte counts and ratios in blood routine. Then we used the generalized linear model analyses and spline analyses to explore the associations between external exposure of Mn and multiple immunological parameters adjusted for variables. Based on the epidemiological analyses, we used Elisa (enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay) to detect plasma complement C3 of Mn-exposed rats. RESULTS In male workers, the mean value of complement C3 was 1.20 ± 0.16 g/L in the high-exposure group, which was significantly lower as compared to the low-exposure group (1.25 ± 0.18 g/L, P = 0.023). The generalize linear models' analyses showed that complement C3 value had a significantly negative association with external exposure of Mn included adjustment for variables (β = -0.04, P = 0.035). Moreover, in male rats, the high-exposure group also had a lower level of complement C3 compared with the low-exposure group (P < 0.001). None significant association was observed in immunological parameters among female workers and rats (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Mn exposure from inhalable dust was associated with decreased complement C3 among occupationally Mn-exposed male individuals but not in female workers, which was further confirmed by the rat model. Further research into the possible mechanism of C3 reduction is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenfang Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Luo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sifang Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Defu Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Longman Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingzhi Hou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Gaohui Zan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanli Tan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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