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Dhas BN, Alhadi SAAAA, Al That GMRD, Al Abdulla SSH. Psychometric properties of the Arabic Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11-A). Ann Med 2024; 56:2346945. [PMID: 38677318 PMCID: PMC11057472 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2346945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational balance (OB) is a desirable outcome of rehabilitation because it is related to various health indices. The Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ) is a self-report measure of occupational balance. AIMS/OBJECTIVES To examine the test-retest reliability, participant-level content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and convergent validity of an Arabic occupational balance questionnaire (OBQ11-A). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 103 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Test-retest reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients, participant-level content validity using percentage of agreement in survey questions, construct validity using factor analysis, internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha, and convergent validity by examining associations with quality-of-life. RESULTS Intraclass Correlation Coefficient values for the total OBQ11-A scores and individual items were greater than 0.7 between the test and retest. The majority of respondents endorsed the relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility of the OBQ11-A. Cronbach's alpha for the OBQ11-A total score was 0.899. Nine of the 11 OBQ11-A items had factor loadings greater than 0.7. Moderate associations were found between the total OBQ11-A scores and physical health (n = 101; ρ = .52, p < .001), psychological health (n = 101; ρ = .49, p < .001), social relationships (n = 101; ρ = .36, p < .001), and environmental domains (n = 101; ρ = .57, p < .001) of the quality-of-life measure. CONCLUSIONS OBQ11-A demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties for research purposes.
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Ortiz-Rubio A, Håkansson C, Rasmussen HP, Lexell EM. Occupational balance and stroke impact among community-dwelling stroke survivors 65 years or older: a cross-sectional study. Aust Occup Ther J 2024; 71:746-755. [PMID: 38711275 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Occupational balance has been investigated in different populations but less in stroke survivors. Previous studies have focussed on occupational balance among stroke survivors of working age (15-64 years of age), showing they did not perceive they had occupational balance. There is, therefore, a lack of knowledge of how older stroke survivors perceive their occupational balance. The aims of this study were to describe occupational balance in community-dwelling stroke survivors 65 years or older and to investigate if there were any associations between their perceived stroke impact and occupational balance. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed with 58 stroke survivors, with a median age of 75 years at stroke onset and a median time since stroke onset of 11 months. The participants were recruited from a local stroke register and answered questionnaires on occupational balance and stroke impact. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics, correlations and logistic regression. RESULTS The participants had a median score of 29 (min 12 to max 33), indicating a very high occupational balance, a low stroke impact, and a good recovery (median 82.5; min 0 to max 100). An association between participation and occupational balance (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.04-1.23) was found. CONCLUSION The stroke survivors perceived a low stroke impact and a high occupational balance. It is possible that older community-dwelling stroke survivors, of whom many have retired, juggle less occupations leaving them with more time to engage in those occupations they want to, leading to a better occupational balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Ortiz-Rubio
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carita Håkansson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hélène Pessah Rasmussen
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory Disorders and Geriatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Månsson Lexell
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory Disorders and Geriatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Uthede S, Nilsson I, Wagman P, Håkansson C, Farias L. Occupational balance in parents of pre-school children: Potential differences between mothers and fathers. Scand J Occup Ther 2023; 30:1199-1208. [PMID: 35254198 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2022.2046154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents of young children are a vulnerable group with an increased risk of stress-related health problems compared to adults without children. Low occupational balance has been identified as a risk factor for stress-related disorders. AIM The study aimed to describe occupational balance in parents of pre-school children and to explore potential differences between mothers and fathers. METHOD Data were collected by a web-based survey based on the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11). A total of 302 working parents (200 mothers and 102 fathers) with at least one child under seven years of age were included in the study. FINDINGS Mothers reported lower occupational balance than fathers with a median value of 10 for mothers and 12 for fathers (p = 0.029). Mothers rated significantly lower than fathers in three items; 'Balance between work, home, family, leisure, rest and sleep', 'Having sufficient time for doing obligatory occupations' and 'Balance between doing things for others and for oneself'. CONCLUSION The results indicate that caring for pre-school children may negatively impact both parents, impacting mothers' occupational balance to a greater degree. SIGNIFICANCE Occupational therapists' knowledge could be utilised to increase awareness of the importance of occupational balance within health services and improve mothers' occupational balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Uthede
- Ekerö Rehab Västra, Primärvårdsrehabilitering, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ida Nilsson
- Smärtrehabiliteringsmottagningen, Specialistrehabiliteringsenheten, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Petra Wagman
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Carita Håkansson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lisette Farias
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Stockholm, Sweden
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Hogan LM, Björklund Carlstedt A, Wagman P. Occupational therapy and stress-related exhaustion - a scoping review. Scand J Occup Ther 2023; 30:1047-1063. [PMID: 37289185 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2023.2207802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sick leave due to long-term stress is increasing in Finland and other Western countries. Occupational therapists might contribute to the prevention of and/or recovery from stress-related exhaustion. AIMS/OBJECTIVES To describe what is known about occupational therapy for stress-related exhaustion. MATERIAL AND METHODS A five-step scoping review included papers published in six databases from 2000 to 2022. Extracted data was summarized to show the occupational therapy contribution within the literature. RESULTS There were 29 papers meeting the inclusion criteria, of which a limited number described preventive interventions. Most articles described recovery-oriented occupational therapy with group interventions. The occupational therapists contributed with prevention measures, mostly targeting recovery in multi-professional interventions in terms of stress reduction or return-to-work. CONCLUSIONS Occupational therapy involving stress management both prevents stress and supports recovery from stress-related exhaustion. Occupational therapists internationally use craft, nature activities or gardening as stress management measures. SIGNIFICANCE Occupational therapy appears to be a potential treatment option for stress-related exhaustion internationally in conditions that could also work in Finland, for example in occupational healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anita Björklund Carlstedt
- School of Health and Welfare, Department of Rehabilitation, A.D.U.L.T research group, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Petra Wagman
- School of Health and Welfare, Department of Rehabilitation, A.D.U.L.T research group, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Al-Isawi Z, Kadhim S, Yahya Y, Hadi NR. Stress as a possible cause of a high incidence of hypertension and diabetes and a low incidence of asthma in the Iraqi population. J Med Life 2023; 16:434-441. [PMID: 37168309 PMCID: PMC10165509 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension and diabetes represent a significant public health burden worldwide and are significant risk factors for heart disease and stroke. Nevertheless, Iraqi people, in particular, experience higher levels of stress due to political instability and economic issues. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of common morbidities among Iraqi patients and the possible relationship with exposure to stress. The data was collected from patients (n=500) who attended the health center in Najaf, Iraq, between 25 August 2021 and 30 September 2021. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and asthma among Iraqi people was determined along with patients' awareness and control of these conditions. In addition, patients were asked about their experiences with stress, including the type of stress they encountered. Our findings revealed that nearly 47% of patients involved in this study had hypertension, with the highest percentage in patients over 40. Moreover, the incidence of diabetes was 12%, with the highest incidence in the age group of 40-59. The incidence of asthma was lower in all groups. Data analysis concerning exposure to stress demonstrated that about 60% of patients suffer from a stressful life. We found that the incidence of hypertension and diabetes was high while the incidence of asthma was low. This study also reveals that a considerable number of people were unaware of their hypertension and diabetes. Exposure to daily life stress among Iraqi people may play a role in the observed incidence of these morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahraa Al-Isawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
- Corresponding Author: Zahraa Al-Isawi, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq. E-mail:
| | - Salim Kadhim
- College of Pharmacy, University of Alkafeel, Kufa, Iraq
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Yahya Yahya
- College of Pharmacy, University of Alkafeel, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Najah Rayish Hadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
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Håkansson C, Lexén A. Work conditions as predictors of Swedish occupational therapists' occupational balance. Scand J Occup Ther 2022; 30:520-526. [PMID: 36548520 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2022.2158928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little knowledge of how organizational and social work environmental conditions impact workers' perceptions of occupational balance. The aim of the present study was to investigate organizational and social work environmental conditions as predictors of Swedish occupational therapists' perceptions of occupational balance. MATERIALS/METHODS This prospective study collected data twice, with a one-year interval, and used a web survey. The present study included 1835 participants. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the work predictors of occupational balance. RESULTS A reasonable workload, high control, and high reward predicted high occupational balance. Having no children living at home, a satisfactory financial situation, and being physically active also predicted high occupational balance. CONCLUSION A reasonable workload, high control and high reward predicted occupational balance among the occupational therapists. All these factors may be of importance for a sustainable working life for occupational therapists. SIGNIFICANCE This knowledge can support occupational therapists in the development of interventions at the work place, with focus on the workload and the resources (control and reward), to promote employees' occupational balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carita Håkansson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annika Lexén
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Peral-Gómez P, Espinosa-Sempere C, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Hurtado-Pomares M, Juárez-Leal I, Valera-Gran D, Sánchez-Pérez A. The Spanish version of Occupational Balance Questionnaire: psychometric properties and normative data in a representative sample of adults. Ann Med 2022; 54:3211-3218. [PMID: 36368922 PMCID: PMC9662058 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2145016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ) is an instrument that assesses occupational balance (OB). It has been transculturality adapted and validated in different countries, showing adequate psychometric properties. To date, no general population-based cut-off points for OB have been developed. OBJECTIVE To assess the psychometric proprieties of the Spanish version OBQ (OBQ-E) and to estimate reference norms and the cut-off for OBQ-E in a representative sample of Spanish adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 797 adults were included in this validity study. Internal consistency, intra and test-retest reliability of OBQ-E were examined. To obtain the convergent validity and the divergent validity, the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SLS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) were used respectively, compared with OBQ-E. To determine extreme and moderate disturbed OB stratified by age, sex, and educational level were used the 5 and 15% percentiles of OBQ-E. RESULTS The OBQ-E showed good internal consistency (α-Cronbach = 0.87), intraclass reliability (ICC = 0.87), and test-retest reliability (rho = 0.83). Convergent (SLS) and divergent (HAD) validity were moderate (rho = 0.39 and rho = -0.46, respectively). The lowest extreme disturbed OB cut-off point in men (17.2) and in women (24) appeared at the primary education level, under 40 years of age (men) and 40-65 years of age (women). CONCLUSIONS The OBQ-E presents adequate psychometric properties, and its normative data can be used as a reference to assess and monitor the occupational balance in the general Spanish population.KEY MESSAGESThe 'Occupational Balance Questionnaire' (OBQ), stands out as a specific measure of the concept of Occupational Balance, considered as satisfaction with the number and variation of occupations in which the person participates.The OBQ is a short and simple instrument that can be a useful tool for use in population-based and epidemiological studies to monitor OB and explore the associated factors or implications of disturbed OB.The Spanish version of the OBQ (OBQ-E) seems to be a reliable and valid questionnaire to assess the perception of balance between occupations, related to health and well-being in the Spanish adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Peral-Gómez
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Cristina Espinosa-Sempere
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante, Spain
| | - Miriam Hurtado-Pomares
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Iris Juárez-Leal
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Desireé Valera-Gran
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alicia Sánchez-Pérez
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante, Spain
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Effects of Social Isolation Measures Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic on Occupational Balance, Participation, and Activities' Satisfaction in the Spanish Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116497. [PMID: 35682080 PMCID: PMC9180883 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a lot of social and health chaos. Our main aim in this study was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on occupational balance in the Spanish population, one year post the beginning of the pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period. Data were collected among the Spanish population over 18 years of age by the Occupational Balance Questionnaire online survey; questions about satisfaction and performance of activities, and on the modification of routine and habits were asked. A total of 300 participants were included; 55.3% were female, with a mean age of 41.39 years. Significantly greater occupational imbalance was found in 1-year-post-confinement period of pandemic, as well as an increase in the difficulty of performance and a decrease in satisfaction with it. A greater number of the sample had modified their routines (p < 0.01), lost habits (p < 0.01), and did not resume habits (p < 0.01). In the analysis by age groups, differences were found in the variables related to habits and occupational balance. The social restriction measures negatively impacted occupational balance in the Spanish population. There was a decrease in occupational participation, increased difficulty in performance, decreased satisfaction in occupational performance, and modification of habits and routines.
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N Dhas B, Wagman P, Marji FA, Håkansson C, Carrasco R. Translation and initial validation of the occupational balance questionnaire to Arabic—Occupational Balance Questionnaire-A. Br J Occup Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226211039432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Occupational balance (OB) is related to many health indicators, including quality of life. The Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11) was developed to measure OB, and to date, no Arabic translations of the questionnaire exist. The aim of the study was to describe the translation process of OBQ11 to Arabic and to evaluate its content validity, internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent validity. Methods OBQ11 was translated to Arabic (OBQ11-A) following standard guidelines. Content validity feedback was obtained from ten Arabic-speaking occupational therapists and in a cognitive debriefing with seven volunteers. In addition, OBQ11-A and the Family Quality of Life Survey-2006 were administered to 67 Arabic-speaking participants from a larger study about OB among parents. Results High level of agreement was found on the content of OBQ11-A from the occupational therapists. Cognitive debriefing interviews indicated that OBQ11-A was easy to understand. Cronbach’s alpha for the total OBQ11-A score was 0.864 indicating good internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis showed acceptable factor loadings for all items. The total scores showed positive statistically significant associations with Family Quality of Life Scores ( r = 0.561, p < 0.001). Conclusions OBQ11-A may prove useful for assessing OB in Arabic-speaking populations. Further research is needed to establish its reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Wagman
- Occupational Therapy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Firas A Marji
- Occupational Therapy, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Carita Håkansson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ricardo Carrasco
- Occupational Therapy, Fort Lauderdale, Nova Southeastern University-Fort Lauderdale/Davie Campus, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
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