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Van Hove L, Baetens I, Vanderstichelen S. Conceptualizing Self-Harm through the Experiences of Psychogeriatric Experts. Psychopathology 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38599197 DOI: 10.1159/000537809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fewer studies thus far have focused on self-harm and its specific forms among older adults. Moreover, the limited available literature applies varying terminology. The categorization of self-harm used in younger populations may not be as appropriate for this population. This means that less is known about this phenomenon in older adults. The current study aimed to reduce this gap. METHODS Nine Flemish psychogeriatric experts participated in a semi-structured interview. Transcripts were thematically analyzed. RESULTS Themes emerging from the interviews suggest that self-harm in older adults may also include distinct elements, such as the omission of certain behaviours and engagement in indirect self-harm to cause bodily harm. According to the experts, self-harm may be engaged in to cope with emotions, express life fatigue, hasten death, and communicate a cry for help. DISCUSSION Self-harm is prevalent in older adults, and some characteristics may be specific to self-harm in an older age group. These findings may enable clinicians to be more alert to self-harm in older adults and consequently prevent serious suicidal behaviour. More research is needed to further uncover this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Van Hove
- Brussels University Consultation Center (BRUCC), Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Imke Baetens
- Brussels University Consultation Center (BRUCC), Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Vanderstichelen
- End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels/Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Compassionate Communities Centre of Expertise (COCO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels/Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Mieze K, Kivite-Urtane A, Grinberga D, Velika B, Pudule I, Rancans E. Self-reported suicidal behaviours and associated factors in the general population of Latvia (2010-2018). Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1749-1767. [PMID: 37222074 PMCID: PMC10657512 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231174365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latvia has the second highest suicide rate in the European Union - with a total population age-standardized suicide rate of 16.1 per 100,000 inhabitants. AIMS We aimed to assess the prevalence of different types of self-reported suicidal behaviours in Latvia and determine the associated sociodemographic and health-related factors. METHODS This study was based on secondary data obtained from the Health Behaviour Among Latvian Adult Population survey. A representative sample of the general population was used, aged 15 to 64 years in 2010, 2012, 2014; and 15 to 74 years in 2016 and 2018 (n = 16,084). Respondents were asked to report the occurrence of life weariness, death wishes, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicide attempts during the previous year. We assessed socio-demographics and health-related factors associated with suicidality. We performed univariate analysis and constructed stepwise multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS In 2010 to 2018, 15.6% of responders reported some type of suicidal behaviour (95% CI [15.1, 16.2]). Sociodemographic factors - including non-cohabitation status and Latvian nationality - were associated with mild (life-weariness and death wishes) and serious (suicidal ideation, plans to commit suicide, suicide attempts) types of behaviour. Older age was associated with mild suicidal behaviours, whereas lower educational levels were associated with serious suicidal behaviours. Diagnosed depression, self-reported depression, self-reported anxiety, stress, low mood, alcohol intake habits with heavy drinking episodes (less than monthly, monthly and weekly), perceived health as average or below average, disuse of primary health services were associated with mild and serious types of suicidal behaviour. Current smoking status and absenteeism were associated with mild suicidal behaviour types. Self-reported insomnia, having at least two somatic diagnoses, occasional smoking status, absenteeism with 11 or more days in the last year, receiving disability pension were associated with serious suicidal behaviour types. Musculoskeletal diseases exhibited preventive effects. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that certain groups of individuals might exhibit greater vulnerability to suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Mieze
- Department of Doctoral Studies, Riga Stradins University, Latvia
| | - Anda Kivite-Urtane
- Institute of Public Health, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Daiga Grinberga
- Department of Research and Health Statistics, Non-Communicable Diseases Data Analysis and Research Division, Centre for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Biruta Velika
- Department of Research and Health Statistics, Non-Communicable Diseases Data Analysis and Research Division, Centre for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Iveta Pudule
- Department of Research and Health Statistics, Non-Communicable Diseases Data Analysis and Research Division, Centre for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Elmars Rancans
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
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Wang Z, Wang X, Lu K, He J, Zheng J, Peng Y, Zhao F. Profiles, Transitions, and Resilience Factors of Suicide Risk in Early Chinese Adolescents. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2300-2313. [PMID: 37460878 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
As a severe public health concern directly endangering life safety, adolescent suicide has been extensively investigated in variable-centered studies. However, gaps remain in the knowledge of heterogeneous suicide risk patterns and their developmental nature. Additionally, little is known about protective factors associated with suicide risk patterns and changes. This study applied person-centered approaches to explore suicide risk profiles and transitions over time in early Chinese adolescents, along with their protective factors. A total of 1518 junior high school students (49.6% girls, Mage = 13.57, SD = 0.75) participated in two surveys within a 12-month interval. Latent Profile Analysis and Latent Transition Analysis were used to model the profiles and transitions of suicide risk. Three risk profiles were identified at both time points: low risk profile (73.9, 78.3%), medium risk-high threat profile (16.2, 10.2%), and high risk profile (9.9, 10.2%). Low risk profile was stable, while medium risk-high threat and high risk profiles showed great transitions over 12 months. Sense of control, meaning in life, and regulatory emotional self-efficacy served as protective factors against suicide risk profiles and transitions. Findings underscore the importance of comprehensively illustrating suicide risk states from multiple aspects, as well as understanding the fluid nature of transitions between different risk states. Prevention and intervention strategies aimed at enhancing resilience, such as increasing sense of control, perceived meaningfulness, and belief in emotional regulation, may contribute to reducing the risk of suicide among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Wang
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Henan Province, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuezhen Wang
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyuan Lu
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Henan Province, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingke He
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Henan Province, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Zheng
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Henan Province, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Henan Province, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengqing Zhao
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Henan Province, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
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Du W, Jia YJ, Hu FH, Ge MW, Cheng YJ, Qu X, Chen HL. Prevalence of suicidal ideation and correlated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of 113 studies from 31 countries. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 166:147-168. [PMID: 37774666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and correlated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed were searched according to a pre-set strategy. A total of 132 studies were identified, 104 of which were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was approximately 14.7% (95%CI: 12.5%, 16.8%, P < 0.01) in the general population, approximately 22.4% (95%CI: 17.1%, 27.8%, P < 0.01)in adolescents, approximately 21.0% (95%CI: 12.8%, 29.2%, P < 0.01) in psychiatric patients, approximately 20.6% (95%CI: 18.7%, 22.5%, P < 0.01)in university students, approximately 18.9% (95%CI: 8.3%, 29.5%, P < 0.01) in younger adults, approximately 10.6% (95%CI: 1.0%, 20.2%, P = 0.031) in COVID-19 patients and approximately 7.4% (95%CI: 4.3%, 10.5%, P < 0.01) in healthcare workers. The prevalence in North America was approximately 16.0% (95%CI: 13.6%-18.4%, P < 0.001), approximately 14.5% in Asia (95%CI: 9.5%-19.4%, P < 0.001), approximately 10.5% in Europe (95%CI: 8.5%-12.4%, P < 0.001), and approximately 20.5% in South America (95%CI: 19.5%-21.5%, P < 0.001). The following were risk factors which might be correlated with suicidal ideation: severe anxiety symptoms, mild to moderate depression, a strong feeling of loneliness/social isolation, poor sleep quality, having COVID-19-related experience, having quarantine or lockdown experience, being female, being single or divorced, having financial problems and having a history of suicidal ideation/attempt. This article reports the prevalence of suicidal ideation and discussing potential risk factors during the pandemic among general population and vulnerable groups. Early detection and follow-up were necessary for the noteworthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- Nantong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Yi Jie Jia
- Nantong University Medical School, PR China
| | | | | | | | - Xin Qu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hong Lin Chen
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Raue PJ. Severity of Suicidal Ideation and Mortality in Older Adults: Theoretical and Clinical Implications. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:277-278. [PMID: 36460574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Raue
- Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (PJR), University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
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Jonson M, Sigström R, Van Orden KA, Fässberg MM, Skoog I, Waern M. Life-Weariness, Wish to Die, Active Suicidal Ideation, and All-Cause Mortality in Population-Based Samples of Older Adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:267-276. [PMID: 36369206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate potential differences in the strength of associations between different levels of passive and active suicidal ideation and all-cause mortality in older adults. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Population-based samples of older adults in Gothenburg, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS Older adults aged 79 and above who participated in any wave of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies or the Prospective Population Study of Women between 1986 and 2015 (n = 2,438; 1,737 women, 701 men; mean age 86.6). MEASUREMENTS Most intense level of passive or active suicidal ideation during the past month: life-weariness, wish to die, or active suicidal ideation. The outcome was all-cause mortality over 3 years. RESULTS During follow-up, 672 participants (27.6%) died. After adjustments for sex, age, and year of examination, participants who reported a wish to die (HR 2.01; 95% CI 1.55-2.60) as the most intense level of ideation, but not participants who reported life-weariness (HR 1.40; 95% CI 0.88-2.21) or active suicidal ideation (HR 1.10; 95% CI 0.69-1.76) were at increased risk of all-cause mortality. Reporting a wish to die remained associated with mortality in a fully adjusted model, including somatic conditions, dementia, depression, and loneliness (HR 1.70; 95% CI 1.27-2.26). CONCLUSION In older adults, reporting a wish to die appears to be more strongly associated with all-cause mortality than either life-weariness or active suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Jonson
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Affective Psychiatry, (MJ) Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Robert Sigström
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry, (RS, IS), Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kimberly A Van Orden
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, (KAVO), University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Madeleine Mellqvist Fässberg
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry, (RS, IS), Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margda Waern
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychosis Department, (MW), Gothenburg, Sweden
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