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Newbolds SF, Wenger MJ. Assessing the pattern electroretinogram as a proxy measure for dopamine in the context of iron deficiency. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38272898 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2304943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Animal studies have suggested that dietary iron deficiency (ID) negatively affects dopamine (DA) synthesis and re-uptake, which in turn negatively affects memory and cognition. This study was intended to assess whether the pattern electroretinogram (pattern ERG) could be used as an indirect measure of DA in college-age women with and without ID by determining the extent to which features of the ERG were sensitive to iron status and were related to other indirect measures of DA. METHODS The pattern ERG was measured in 21 iron deficient non-anemic (IDNA) and 21 iron sufficient (IS) women, who also performed a contrast detection and probabilistic selection task, both with concurrent electroencephalography (EEG). Both spontaneous and task-related blink rates were also measured. RESULTS The implicit times of the A- and B-waves were significantly longer for the IDNA than for the IS women. Both the amplitudes and implicit times of the A- and B-waves were significantly correlated with levels of serum ferritin (sFt). Only the amplitude of the A-wave was correlated with spontaneous blink rate. It was possible to accurately identify a woman's iron status solely on the basis of the implicit time of the B-wave. Finally, the implicit times of the ERG features mediated the relationship between iron levels and accuracy in the probabilistic selection task. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest the utility of the pattern ERG in testing the hypothesis that iron deficiency affects DA levels in humans and that this may be one of the mechanisms by which iron deficiency negatively affects cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F Newbolds
- Psychology and Cellular and Behavioral Neurobiology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Michael J Wenger
- Psychology and Cellular and Behavioral Neurobiology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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Galindo-Aldana G, Torres-González C. Neuropsychology and Electroencephalography in Rural Children at Neurodevelopmental Risk: A Scoping Review. Pediatr Rep 2023; 15:722-740. [PMID: 38133433 PMCID: PMC10747224 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric15040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Children from rural areas face numerous possibilities of neurodevelopmental conditions that may compromise their well-being and optimal development. Neuropsychology and electroencephalography (EEG) have shown strong agreement in detecting correlations between these two variables and suggest an association with specific environmental and social risk factors. The present scoping review aims to describe studies reporting associations between EEG features and cognitive impairment in children from rural or vulnerable environments and describe the main risk factors influencing EEG abnormalities in these children. The method for this purpose was based on a string-based review from PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted from the outcomes that complied with the selected criteria. In total, 2280 records were identified; however, only 26 were eligible: 15 for qualitative and 11 for quantitative analysis. The findings highlight the significant literature on EEG and its relationship with cognitive impairment from studies in children with epilepsy and malnutrition. In general, there is evidence for the advantages of implementing EEG diagnosis and research techniques in children living under risk conditions. Specific associations between particular EEG features and cognitive impairment are described in the reviewed literature in children. Further research is needed to better describe and integrate the state of the art regarding EEG feature extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Galindo-Aldana
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Cognition, Mental Health, Profession, and Society Research Group, Autonomous University of Baja California, Hwy. 3, Col. Gutierrez, Mexicali 21725, Mexico;
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Barnett AL, Wenger MJ, Yunus FM, Jalal C, DellaValle DM. The Effect of Iron-Fortified Lentils on Blood and Cognitive Status among Adolescent Girls in Bangladesh. Nutrients 2023; 15:5001. [PMID: 38068859 PMCID: PMC10707902 DOI: 10.3390/nu15235001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is highly prevalent in South Asia, especially among women and children in Bangladesh. Declines in cognitive performance are among the many functional consequences of iron deficiency. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that, over the course of a 4-month iron fortification trial, cognitive performance would improve, and that improvement would be related to improvements in iron status. METHODS Participants included 359 adolescent girls attending Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) clubs as a subsample of a larger double-blind, cluster-randomized community trial in which participants were assigned to one of three conditions: a condition in which no lentils were supplied (NL, n = 118, but which had the usual intake of lentils), a control (non-fortified) lentil condition (CL, n = 124), and an iron-fortified lentil condition (FL, n = 117). In the FL and CL conditions, approximately 200 g of cooked lentils were served five days per week for a total of 85 feeding days. In addition to biomarkers of iron status, five cognitive tasks were measured at baseline (BL) and endline (EL): simple reaction time task (SRT), go/no-go task (GNG), attentional network task (ANT), the Sternberg memory search Task (SMS), and a cued recognition task (CRT). RESULTS Cognitive performance at EL was significantly better for those in the FL relative to the CL and NL conditions, with this being true for at least one variable in each task, except for the GNG. In addition, there were consistent improvements in cognitive performance for those participants whose iron status improved. Although there were overall declines in iron status from BL to EL, the declines were smallest for those in the FL condition, and iron status was significantly better for those in FL condition at EL, relative to those in the CL and NL conditions. CONCLUSIONS the provision of iron-fortified lentils provided a protective effect on iron status in the context of declines in iron status and supported higher levels of cognitive performance for adolescent girls at-risk of developing iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Barnett
- Psychology and Cellular and Behavioral Neurobiology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Michael J Wenger
- Psychology and Cellular and Behavioral Neurobiology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Fakir M Yunus
- Pharmacy and Nutrition, Saskatoon, The University of Saskatchewan, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | | | - Diane M DellaValle
- Health and Human Performance, King's College, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18711, USA
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Larsen B, Baller EB, Boucher AA, Calkins ME, Laney N, Moore TM, Roalf DR, Ruparel K, Gur RC, Gur RE, Georgieff MK, Satterthwaite TD. Development of Iron Status Measures during Youth: Associations with Sex, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status, Cognitive Performance, and Brain Structure. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:121-131. [PMID: 37146760 PMCID: PMC10375461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron is essential to brain function, and iron deficiency during youth may adversely impact neurodevelopment. Understanding the developmental time course of iron status and its association with neurocognitive functioning is important for identifying windows for intervention. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to characterize developmental change in iron status and understand its association with cognitive performance and brain structure during adolescence using data from a large pediatric health network. METHODS This study included a cross-sectional sample of 4899 participants (2178 males; aged 8-22 y at the time of participation, M [SD] = 14.24 [3.7]) who were recruited from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia network. Prospectively collected research data were enriched with electronic medical record data that included hematological measures related to iron status, including serum hemoglobin, ferritin, and transferrin (33,015 total samples). At the time of participation, cognitive performance was assessed using the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery, and brain white matter integrity was assessed using diffusion-weighted MRI in a subset of individuals. RESULTS Developmental trajectories were characterized for all metrics and revealed that sex differences emerged after menarche such that females had reduced iron status relative to males [all R2partial > 0.008; all false discovery rates (FDRs) < 0.05]. Higher socioeconomic status was associated with higher hemoglobin concentrations throughout development (R2partial = 0.005; FDR < 0.001), and the association was greatest during adolescence. Higher hemoglobin concentrations were associated with better cognitive performance during adolescence (R2partial = 0.02; FDR < 0.001) and mediated the association between sex and cognition (mediation effect = -0.107; 95% CI: -0.191, -0.02). Higher hemoglobin concentration was also associated with greater brain white matter integrity in the neuroimaging subsample (R2partial = 0.06, FDR = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Iron status evolves during youth and is lowest in females and individuals of low socioeconomic status during adolescence. Diminished iron status during adolescence has consequences for neurocognition, suggesting that this critical period of neurodevelopment may be an important window for intervention that has the potential to reduce health disparities in at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Larsen
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Erica B Baller
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alexander A Boucher
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Monica E Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nina Laney
- Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tyler M Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - David R Roalf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael K Georgieff
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn/Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Xu C, Li W, Li T, Yuan J, Pang X, Liu T, Liang B, Cheng L, Sun X, Dong S. Iron metabolism-related genes reveal predictive value of acute coronary syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1040845. [PMID: 36330096 PMCID: PMC9622999 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1040845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency has detrimental effects in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which is a common nutritional disorder and inflammation-related disease affects up to one-third people worldwide. However, the specific role of iron metabolism in ACS progression is opaque. In this study, we construct an iron metabolism-related genes (IMRGs) based molecular signature of ACS and to identify novel iron metabolism gene markers for early stage of ACS. The IMRGs were mainly collected from Molecular Signatures Database (mSigDB) and two relevant studies. Two blood transcriptome datasets GSE61144 and GSE60993 were used for constructing the prediction model of ACS. After differential analysis, 22 IMRGs were differentially expressed and defined as DEIGs in the training set. Then, the 22 DEIGs were trained by the Elastic Net to build the prediction model. Five genes, PADI4, HLA-DQA1, LCN2, CD7, and VNN1, were determined using multiple Elastic Net calculations and retained to obtain the optimal performance. Finally, the generated model iron metabolism-related gene signature (imSig) was assessed by the validation set GSE60993 using a series of evaluation measurements. Compared with other machine learning methods, the performance of imSig using Elastic Net was superior in the validation set. Elastic Net consistently scores the higher than Lasso and Logistic regression in the validation set in terms of ROC, PRC, Sensitivity, and Specificity. The prediction model based on iron metabolism-related genes may assist in ACS early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanyang Li
- School of Mathematics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tangzhiming Li
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinli Pang
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tao Liu
- International Digital Economy Academy, Shenzhen, China
| | - Benhui Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lixin Cheng
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Lixin Cheng, ; Xin Sun, ; Shaohong Dong,
| | - Xin Sun
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Lixin Cheng, ; Xin Sun, ; Shaohong Dong,
| | - Shaohong Dong
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Lixin Cheng, ; Xin Sun, ; Shaohong Dong,
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Wenger MJ, Murray Kolb LE, Scott SP, Boy E, Haas JD. Correction: Modeling relationships between iron status, behavior, and brain electrophysiology: evidence from a randomized study involving a biofortified grain in Indian adolescents. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1619. [PMID: 36050753 PMCID: PMC9438125 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13897-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Wenger
- Department of Psychology, Cellular and Behavioral Neurobiology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. .,Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | | | - Samuel P Scott
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Erick Boy
- HarvestPlus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jere D Haas
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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