1
|
Vukovic A, Schmutz KA, Borg-Bartolo R, Cocco F, Rosianu RS, Jorda R, Maclennon A, Cortes-Martinicorenas JF, Rahiotis C, Madléna M, Arghittu A, Dettori M, Castiglia P, Esteves-Oliveira M, Cagetti MG, Wolf TG, Campus G. Caries status in 12-year-old children, geographical location and socioeconomic conditions across European countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024. [PMID: 38881267 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding of socioeconomic context might enable more efficient evidence-based preventive strategies in oral health. AIM The study assessed the caries-related socioeconomic macro-factors in 12-year-olds across European countries. DESIGN This systematic review involved epidemiological surveys on the caries status of 12-year-olds from 2011 to 2022. DMFT was analyzed in relation to gross national income (GNI), United Nations Statistical Division geographical categorization of European countries (M49), unemployment rate, Human Development Index (HDI), and per capita expenditure on dental health care. A meta-analysis was performed for countries reporting data on DMFT, stratified by GNI, and geographical location of European countries, using a random-effects model. RESULTS The study involved 493 360 children from 36 countries in the geographic region of Europe. The analysis confirmed a strong negative correlation between income and caries experience (p < .01). Children living in higher-income countries showed 90% lower odds of poor oral health than in middle-income countries. Children living in West Europe showed 90% lower odds of poor oral health than children living in East Europe. CONCLUSION The strong effect of macro-level socioeconomic contexts on children's oral health suggests favoring upstream preventive oral health strategies in countries with economic growth difficulties, Eastern and Southern parts of Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vukovic
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kian Alessandro Schmutz
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roberta Borg-Bartolo
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Cocco
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ruxandra Sava Rosianu
- Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania
| | - Rainer Jorda
- Institute of German Dentists (IDZ), Cologne, Germany
| | - Anastasia Maclennon
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Christos Rahiotis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Melinda Madléna
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Antonella Arghittu
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marco Dettori
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Castiglia
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marcella Esteves-Oliveira
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Centre of Dentistry, Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Surgery (UZMK), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria Grazia Cagetti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas G Wolf
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Guglielmo Campus
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sibanda L, Ghotane SG, Bernabe E, Challacombe SJ, Pitts NB, Gallagher JE. Caries clusters at lesion-severity thresholds: A Sierra Leone case study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:76-83. [PMID: 37622680 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite being almost entirely preventable, globally, dental caries is extremely prevalent. Moreover, dental caries will continue to present an even larger challenge for lower income countries, particularly those in the African context, as they transition to a more Western diet. Hence, epidemiological data providing insight into disease patterns and trends is critical to inform public health action. The purpose of this study was to examine dental caries clusters by caries detection threshold among 15-year-old adolescents in Sierra Leone, using data from the latest national survey, and to explore associated sociodemographic factors. METHODS This paper presents a secondary analysis of oral health data on 490 15-year-olds from the Sierra Leone national oral health survey of schoolchildren. Hierarchical cluster analysis of dental caries experience was conducted across all surfaces at four decay detection thresholds using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) (clinical: ICDAS 2-6, cavitated: ICDAS 3-6, obvious: ICDAS 4-6 and extensive obvious: ICDAS 5-6 decay) across the four regions of Sierra Leone. Ordered logistic regression was used to estimate the association of sociodemographic factors with generated clusters relating to clinical and obvious decay experience. These are of both clinical and epidemiological relevance. RESULTS A 3-cluster decay pattern representing a 'low' to 'high' decay experience distribution was observed under each decay detection threshold across surfaces. For clinical decay (including visual enamel caries), 28.8% had low, 55.1% medium and 15.9% high caries status. In the adjusted model, the only significant risk factor across obvious and clinical decay thresholds was region, with adolescents outside the Western region more likely to experience decay. CONCLUSION This study suggests that adolescents in Sierra Leone fall into three distinct caries clusters: low, medium to high decay experience distribution, regardless of decay threshold. It reinforces the importance of recognizing dental caries detection thresholds and the use of contemporary epidemiological methodology. This suggests that adolescents outside the Western region are likely to have higher caries experience. The data also provides insight to the nature of adolescents in each cluster and should help to inform policy and planning of the integration of oral health into primary care and school systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Sibanda
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, Denmark Hill Campus, London, UK
- NHS England London Region, Wellington House, London, UK
| | - S G Ghotane
- Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - E Bernabe
- Centre of Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - S J Challacombe
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, Tower Wing, Guys Hospital, London, UK
| | - N B Pitts
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, King's College London, Tower Wing, Guys Hospital, London, UK
| | - J E Gallagher
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, Denmark Hill Campus, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharma V, Crowe M, Cassetti O, Winning L, O'Sullivan A, O'Sullivan M. Dental caries in children in Ireland: A systematic review. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:24-38. [PMID: 37515429 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is the most common childhood disease worldwide. In the mid-1960s, mandatory Community Water Fluoridation (CWF) was introduced in the Republic of Ireland (RoI) aimed at reducing the prevalence and severity of dental caries in the population. In 2017, approximately, 71% of the Irish population was supplied with fluoridated drinking water. OBJECTIVES To review all children's dental health surveys at National, Regional and County-levels conducted in the Republic of Ireland from 1950 to 2021 and describe trends in dental caries prevalence. The secondary objective was to compare dental caries experience in children living in areas with and without CWF. METHODS Seven databases (Embase, Medline Ovid, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus and Lenus Ireland) were systematically searched followed by lateral searches from reference lists. Studies reporting the caries experience of Irish children were eligible for inclusion. Two authors independently evaluated the quality of included studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. RESULTS Thirty-one studies were included. Over the last 70 years, at National, Regional and County levels, mean dmft/DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth) scores have decreased and the percentage of caries-free children has increased in 5, 8, 12, and 15-year-olds. The decline in dental caries indices observed throughout the country was greater in children living in areas with CWF. Between the 1960s and 2002, the mean dmft scores for 5-year-olds living in the RoI were reduced by approximately 82% and 69% for the fluoridated and non-fluoridated groups respectively. Reduction in the mean DMFT scores for the 12-year-olds were 75% and 71%, respectively, for the fluoridated and non-fluoridated groups. Between 1961 and 2014, reductions in the mean dmft/DMFT scores among 5 and 12-years-olds living in County Dublin were approximately 88% and 90% respectively. These results should be interpreted in the context of widespread use of fluoridated toothpaste in the RoI. CONCLUSIONS Large reductions in the prevalence of dental caries in Irish children have been observed over the last seven decades. Greater dental caries reductions have been reported among children living in areas with CWF compared to those without CWF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Sharma
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Crowe
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oscar Cassetti
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lewis Winning
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aifric O'Sullivan
- Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre, South, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael O'Sullivan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Amosova LI, Kaskova LF, Pavlenkova OS, Khmil OV, Novikova SC, Ulasevych LP. Analysis of indicators of caries of permanent teeth in children according to the endemic features of the Poltava region, Ukraine. POLSKI MERKURIUSZ LEKARSKI : ORGAN POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA LEKARSKIEGO 2024; 52:112-116. [PMID: 38518242 DOI: 10.36740/merkur202401117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim: This research is focused at analyzing the indicators and substantiating the peculiarities of caries prevention in permanent teeth in schoolchildren of Poltava region, taking into account the endemic features of the Poltava region. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: A comparative study was conducted among 608 pupils of secondary schools in Kremenchuk, who consumed drinking water with fluoride concentrations in the lower limits of the norm, and 1214 pupils of secondary schools in Poltava, who consumed drinking water with fluoride concentrations in the optimal upper limits of the norm. RESULTS Results: The rates of caries in permanent teeth in children living in a region with fluoride concentrations in drinking water in the optimal-upper normal range are several times lower than in children of the same age living in a region with fluoride concentrations in drinking water in the lower normal range, and a significant increase in the prevalence and intensity of caries is observed from 7 to 9 to 12 years of age, as teeth after eruption are most vulnerable to caries. In a region where the fluoride concentration in drinking water is in the optimal-upper range of the norm, children with early forms of fluorosis have the lowest prevalence and intensity of caries. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Endemic features of the region directly affect the prevalence and intensity of the caries process. In regions with a fluoride concentration in drinking water within the optimal upper limits of the norm, prevention of caries in permanent teeth in children should be carried out taking into account the presence of fluorosis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mbawalla HS, Nyamuryekung'e KK, Mtaya-Mlangwa M, Masalu JR. Dental Caries Pattern Amongst Tanzanian Children: National Oral Health Survey. Int Dent J 2023; 73:731-737. [PMID: 37308399 PMCID: PMC10509444 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries in young children and adolescents is a public oral health challenge in countries with developing economies and economic transition. This study presents a demographic pattern of dental caries in primary and permanent dentition of 5-, 12-, and 15-year-old Tanzanians based on the 2020 National Oral Health Survey findings. METHODS This is a cross-section study based on data from Tanzania's 5th National Oral Health Survey. Data on dental caries and basic demographics were collected employing World Health Organization Oral Health Survey protocols. Analysis was done using the SPSS computer programme version 23, and proportions and mean dental caries experiences in Decayed extracted filled teeth in primary dentition/Decayed Missing Filled Teeth in permanent dentition were summarised and chi-square statistics and binary logistic regression assessed the differences and determined the association between dental caries and the selected demographic characteristics. RESULTS The survey included 2187 participants; 42.4% were from rural areas and 50.7% were female. Overall caries prevalence was 17%, specifically 43.2%, 20.5%, and 25.5% amongst 5-, 12- and 15-year-olds, respectively. Decayed teeth components were 98.4%, 89.8%, and 91.4% amongst 5-, 12-, and 15-year-olds, respectively. Overall mean (SD) DMFT amongst 12- and 15-year-olds were 0.40 (0.27) and 0.59 (1.35), respectively. Urban participants had significantly lower odds of dental caries experience (odds ratio, 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.84) compared with rural participants, whilst the 15-year-olds had higher odds of dental caries experience than the 12-year-olds. CONCLUSION Dental caries prevalence in primary dentition was high. The proportion of decayed teeth components of def/DMFT was the highest compared with that of missing and filled teeth components. Older adolescents and those from rural areas had higher odds of dental caries experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hawa Shariff Mbawalla
- Paediatric Dentistry Unit, Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Kasusu Klint Nyamuryekung'e
- Community Dentistry Unit, Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Matilda Mtaya-Mlangwa
- Orthodontics Unit, Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Joyce-Rose Masalu
- Community Dentistry Unit, Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elkady DM, Khater AGA. Knowledge and attitudes toward evidence-based cariology and restorative dentistry among Egyptian dental practitioners: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:622. [PMID: 37658399 PMCID: PMC10474780 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the first study to assess Egyptian dental practitioners' knowledge about conservative caries management approaches and investigate whether this knowledge transfers into clinical practice and the barriers to translating research into evidence-based practice. METHODS A sample of dental practitioners was surveyed using an online questionnaire. Convenience and snowball sampling were used to collect data from February to June 2022. We included graduated dentists from Egyptian universities who practiced in Egypt. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and the associations between variables were checked using Kruskal Wallis and Chi-Square tests. RESULTS This study included 396 participants from throughout Egypt. There were significant correlations between specialty and participants' knowledge and behaviors toward evidence-based caries management (p = 0.002) and between specialization and tools used to detect carious lesions (p < 0.001). Most participants (59.1%) used G.V Black's classification, and (80.8%) removed caries based on the feature of dentin hardness and color, whereas (67%) removed caries until hard dentine remained. The participants' primary hurdle to staying up-to-date was their belief that the newly gained information would not be clinically applicable due to a lack of equipment or working in low-economic areas. Patient-related barriers were the major obstacles for participants in implementing evidence-based practice. CONCLUSION Egyptian dentists did not fully embrace minimal invasive approaches for caries management, and practitioners' experiences continue to shape decision-making. It emphasizes the imperative to practically educate dentists using effective knowledge translation dissemination to promote evidence adoption in daily practice and advocate value-based dental care to address the economic crisis's impact on Egypt's healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Elkady
- Conservative Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmad G A Khater
- Health Affairs Directorate, Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Banisuif, 62511, Egypt.
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shomuyiwa DO, Bridge G. Oral health of adolescents in West Africa: prioritizing its social determinants. Glob Health Res Policy 2023; 8:28. [PMID: 37468980 PMCID: PMC10355062 DOI: 10.1186/s41256-023-00313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health is a major public health issue in West Africa, yet it has gotten little attention. Individual and group disparities in health status are influenced by social determinants of health (SDH), which also affect oral health. Adolescence is a significant transition into adulthood, a time when the SDH can contribute to lifelong health status. This article explored the SDH associated with oral health behaviour, perception, and oral health development amongst adolescents in West Africa. This article engaged articles published in peer-reviewed journals relating to adolescents' oral health and West Africa. The authors undertook this desk review to determine the social determinants of adolescents' oral health in West Africa. The literacy levels and oral health awareness of adolescents, family and social circle influences, socioeconomic status, nutritional levels, and cultural and environmental factors have been identified as important social determinants. Adequate policy implementation with the integration of oral health in schools' curriculum, health systems reorientation with the adoption of oral health delivery in primary health care and expansion in oral health research with the assessment of cultural influences on oral health development have been recommended as interventions to reduce oral health inequalities in West Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gemma Bridge
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khan AS, AlDahlan BG, Maghrabi NH, Albilali HW, Ahmed SZ, Shah AT, Haridy R, Akhtar S, Talal A. Application of laser on enamel surface with three types of bioactive glasses-based resin infiltrants: An in vitro study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 141:105792. [PMID: 37001247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate and compare the surface micro-hardness, roughness, color, and morphology of enamel after Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation, followed by application of three types of bioactive glasses-based resin infiltrants, and the samples groups were challenged with the pH cycle. METHODOLOGY Experimental photoactivated resin infiltrants were synthesized using dimethacrylate resins, whereby three different types of bioactive glasses (BGs), i.e., 45S5, fluoridated-BG (F-BG), and borosilicate-BG (B-BG), were incorporated into the resin system. Initially, white spot lesions were created artificially on the toosth enamel surface, then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Then, the resin-only and BG-based resins were infiltrated on the enamel surface. All samples were pH challenged for 14 days, and the micro-hardness, surface roughness, surface morphology, and color stability (ΔE) analyses were conducted before and after the 14 days pH challenge. RESULTS After laser irradiation, the micro-hardness was significantly high with 45S5 group compared to resin-only (p = 0.021), F-BG (p = 0.042), and B-BG (p = 0.001) groups. After the pH challenge, the micro-hardness values for all groups were reduced significantly (p ≤ 0.05). The surface roughness was least with the resin-only group and showed a non-significant difference with F-BG (p = 0.34) and significant differences with both B-BG (p = 0.005), and 45S5 (p = 0.010) groups. After the pH cycle, the roughness of all groups was increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05), except B-BG group showed a non-significant difference (p = 0.528). The B-BG group showed significantly high ΔE between day 0 and baseline compared to resin-only (p = 0.0008), F-BG (p = 0.017), and 45S5 (p = 0.029), whereas between day 14 and baseline, the lowest ΔE value was observed for B-BG (14.2 ± 2.10) and maximum for the resin-only (20.57 ± 2.47) group. The SEM images showed pitting on the surface of all resin infiltrant groups after 14 days of pH challenge. CONCLUSION The morphological difference was observed after the laser irradiation on the enamel surface. The differences in micro-hardness, surface roughness, and color were observed after the application of experimental resin infiltrants and significant differences were observed after the pH challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Samad Khan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Hind Waleed Albilali
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Zubairuddin Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Tufail Shah
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rasha Haridy
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Akhtar
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Talal
- Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Skeie MS, Sen A, Dahllöf G, Fagerhaug TN, Høvik H, Klock KS. Dental caries at enamel and dentine level among European adolescents - a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:620. [PMID: 36529722 PMCID: PMC9762106 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast with the last century, caries epidemiology has begun integrating enamel caries into determinations of caries prevalence and experience. The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the caries status including estimations of enamel caries, of European adolescents. METHOD Four databases (Medline Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, and SweMed+) were systematically searched from 1 January 2000 through 20 September 2021 for peer-reviewed publications on caries prevalence and caries experience in 12-19-year-olds; that also included evaluations of enamel lesions. Summary estimates were calculated using random effect model. RESULTS Overall, 30 publications were selected for the systematic review covering 25 observational studies. Not all studies could be used in the meta-analyses. Caries prevalence was 77% (n = 22 studies). Highest prevalence was reported in the age groups 16-19 years, and in studies where caries examinations were done before 2010. The overall mean DMFT score was 5.93 (n = 14 studies) and it was significantly lower among Scandinavian adolescents than among other European adolescents (4.43 vs. 8.89). The proportion of enamel caries (n = 7 studies) was 50%, and highest in the lowest age group (12-15 years). Results from the present systematic review reflected the caries distribution to be skewed at individual-, tooth- and surface levels; at tooth and surface level, also changed according to age. CONCLUSIONS Although studies in which the caries examinations had been done in 2010 or later documented a reduction in caries prevalence, caries during adolescence still constitutes a burden. Thus, the potential for preventing development of more severe caries lesions, as seen in the substantial volume of enamel caries during early adolescence, should be fully exploited. For this to happen, enamel caries should be a part of epidemiological reporting in national registers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit S. Skeie
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Clinical Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway ,Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Abhijit Sen
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Göran Dahllöf
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tone Natland Fagerhaug
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hedda Høvik
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin S. Klock
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Clinical Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The Assessment of Early Server Childhood Caries Status in Abandoned Institutionalized Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148632. [PMID: 35886485 PMCID: PMC9322934 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral health is a critical indicator of children’s quality of life, which at this early age, depends exclusively on the attention, involvement, and guidance of parents or caregivers. Assessing carious damage and measuring the prevalence of early severe tooth decay in temporary teeth in children is obtained by calculating the dmft index, giving the sum of an individual’s decayed, missing, and filled teeth. The aim of our study was to conduct a clinical examination of the oral status of institutionalized children from Romania. We selected and included in the study 144 children, both boys and girls in equal number, with ages of five or six years old, from which 110 were eligible for the study and met the inclusion criteria. Of all children, 20.90% were five years old girls, 27.27% five years old boys, 26.36% six years old girls, and 25.46% six years old boys. Of all, 10,45% had more than three incisors presenting decays, equally affected by gender. Of the boys’ group, 20% of age six had more de two canines affected, and 26.7% of five years old girls had more than three affected canines. Of the five years boys’ group, 24.3% had more than three affected temporary molars, 44.9% of six years boys had more than five. Of the five years old girls, 33.3% had more than four temporary molars affected and, 56.6% of the six years old girls’ group had more than five molars presenting carious lesions. The dental status and dmft values were similar for five years old and six years old children and similar boys and girls. Due to the vulnerability of young children that consists not only in their inability to identify, express, and address their own needs but also the lack of parental support, lack of an optimal diet for age, and proper hygiene, they reach adolescence with an impaired dental status, inappropriate for their age.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ghotane SG, Challacombe SJ, Don-Davis P, Kamara D, Gallagher JE. Unmet need in Sierra Leone: a national oral health survey of schoolchildren. BDJ Open 2022; 8:16. [PMID: 35701398 PMCID: PMC9194785 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-022-00107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sierra Leone (SL), in West Africa, with a population of over 7.5 million people has suffered the effects of a civil war previously, and more recently Ebola & Covid-19. Dental care is very limited, mostly in the capital Freetown and the private sector. No dental education is available in the country. The objective of this research was to investigate the oral health needs of schoolchildren at key ages, to inform future action. MATERIALS AND METHODS This first national oral health survey of schoolchildren at 6-, 12- and 15-years was conducted in urban and rural settings across all four regions using a multi-stage cluster sampling in line with the WHO guidelines, adapted according to contemporary survey methods to include 'International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS)'. Whilst parents were invited to complete a questionnaire for 6-year-old children, 12- and 15-year-olds self-completed a questionnaire. Data were weighted according to age and regional population and analysed using STATA v.15 and SPSS v.22. RESULTS A total of 1174 children participated across 22 schools from all four regions. Dental caries was prevalent (over 80% of all age-groups having clinical decay; ICDAS score ≥ 2) and largely untreated. No children had fillings and only 4% had missing teeth. Amongst 6, 12 and 15-year-olds, average decay levels at ICDAS > 3 threshold was 3.47 (primary teeth), 2.94 and 4.30 respectively. Almost, 10% (n = 119) of all children reported experiencing pain in their teeth with 7% (n = 86) children having PUFA lesions present. At least one in five children required one or more dental extractions. 'Age' was a significant predictor of dental caries experience and the odds of having dental caries experience was higher in rural areas at D3-6MFT (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate a vast unmet oral health need in the children of SL. Using ICDAS as an epidemiological tool in a low-income country provides valuable insight to the pattern of oral disease to inform health service planning. Urgent action is required to address this silent epidemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S G Ghotane
- Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Becket House, 1 Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EU, UK.
| | - S J Challacombe
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, Floor 22, Guys Tower, Guys Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - P Don-Davis
- College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - D Kamara
- Oral Health Department, Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - J E Gallagher
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Denmark Hill Campus, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Anthony SN, Mbawalla HS, Kahabuka FK, Siziya S. Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:181. [PMID: 35568900 PMCID: PMC9107713 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental Caries affect more than half of children and adolescents globally and more so in Africa. Most caries studies in Africa are based on DMFT index which does not assess early carious lesions making early prevention and minimal invasive treatment impossible. This study therefore aimed at determining pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates of dental caries according to Caries Assessment and Treatment Spectrum (CAST). Methods Cross-sectional study involving secondary school adolescents in Copperbelt province, Zambia. Socio-demographics and oral health related behaviors were assessed using a structured questionnaire while dental caries was assessed using CAST. Data were summarized as frequency distributions while cross-tabulation with Chi-squire test and adjusted multinomial logistic regression assessed strength and direction of relationship between socio-demographics, oral health behaviors and dental caries. Level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Results A total of 1,794 participants were enrolled 54% being females. Total frequency of adolescents with healthy teeth (CAST0-2) was 51.1%, pre-morbidity stages (CAST 3–4) was 24.7%, severe morbidity CAST (6–7) was 6.4% and mortality was 2.7%. The odds of being found with teeth at pre-morbidity stage decreased among male OR (95%CI) = 0.55 (0.44, 0.70) and younger participants OR (95%CI) = 0.77 (0.61, 0.98). Participants in high socio-economic status had lower odds of morbidity OR (95%CI) = 0.69 (0.52, 0.92) while those taking sugary foods five times or more per day had higher odds of morbidity OR (95%CI = 1.52 (1.01, 2.34). The odds of being found at mortality clinical stage of caries was lower among males OR (95% CI) = 0.53 (0.29, 0.96) and those who did not attend to a dentist in the previous year OR (95%CI) = 0.42 (0.23, 0.75), while higher odds OR (95%CI = 2.01 (1.02, 3.97) were among the high socio-economic status. Conclusions The proportion of participants with teeth at pre-morbidity and morbidity were high. Socio-demographics and behavioral predictors of dental caries were sex, socio-economic status, frequency of sugary food intake per day and dental visit in the previous year.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Severine N Anthony
- Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, The Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Hawa S Mbawalla
- Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Febronia K Kahabuka
- Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Seter Siziya
- Department of Public Health, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, The Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ekuni D, Toyama N, Iwasaki Y, Morita M. New Method of Avoiding Underestimation of Caries Incidence and Its Association with Possible Risk Factors in Japanese University Students: A Prospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042490. [PMID: 35206677 PMCID: PMC8879269 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this three-year prospective cohort study was to investigate the association between a new definition of an increase in dental caries and risk factors in Japanese young adults. Data of Okayama University students who volunteered to undergo oral examinations and answer questionnaires in 2015 and 2018 were analyzed. The status of filled teeth and the status of occlusal/proximal surfaces of filled or decayed teeth were recorded. An increase in dental caries was defined as a change in the status of filled teeth and/or an increase in dental caries of occlusal and proximal surfaces. A total of 393 participants (18.2 ± 0.8 years) were analyzed. First and second molars showed a high prevalence of dental caries. Of the participants, 144 (36.6%) showed an increase in dental caries. In all the participants and in the females, the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) score and history of orthodontic treatment at baseline were significantly associated with an increase in dental caries (p < 0.05) in logistic regression analyses. In the males, the DMFT score and the daily frequency of snacking (≥2) at baseline were significantly associated with an increase in dental caries (p = 0.04). The DMFT score and history of orthodontic treatment at baseline can be risk factors for an increase in dental caries using the new definition in young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (N.T.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Naoki Toyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (N.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Yoshiaki Iwasaki
- Health Service Center, Okayama University, 2-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (N.T.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Stein Duker LI, Grager M, Giffin W, Hikita N, Polido JC. The Relationship between Dental Fear and Anxiety, General Anxiety/Fear, Sensory Over-Responsivity, and Oral Health Behaviors and Outcomes: A Conceptual Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042380. [PMID: 35206566 PMCID: PMC8872083 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is common across the lifespan and represents a barrier to proper oral health behaviors and outcomes. The aim of this study is to present a conceptual model of the relationships between DFA, general anxiety/fear, sensory over-responsivity (SOR), and/or oral health behaviors and outcomes. Two rounds of literature searches were performed using the PubMed database. Included articles examined DFA, general anxiety/fear, SOR, catastrophizing, and/or oral health behaviors and outcomes in typically developing populations across the lifespan. The relationships between the constructs were recorded and organized into a conceptual model. A total of 188 articles were included. The results provided supporting evidence for relationships between DFA and all other constructs included in the model (general anxiety/fear, SOR, poor oral health, irregular dental attendance, dental behavior management problems [DBMP], and need for treatment with pharmacological methods). Additionally, SOR was associated with general anxiety/fear and DBMP; general anxiety/fear was linked to poor oral health, irregular attendance, and DBMP. This model provides a comprehensive view of the relationships between person factors (e.g., general anxiety/fear, SOR, and DFA) and oral health behaviors and outcomes. This is valuable in order to highlight connections between constructs that may be targeted in the development of new interventions to improve oral health behaviors and outcomes as well as the experience of DFA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah I. Stein Duker
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Willa Giffin
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
| | - Natasha Hikita
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
| | - José C. Polido
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Que L, Jia M, You Z, Jiang LC, Yang CG, Quaresma AAD, das Neves EMAA. Prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molar and associated risk factors among sixth-grade students in São Tomé Island. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:483. [PMID: 34583665 PMCID: PMC8479893 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01846-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dental caries is one of the most preventable oral diseases among children in developing countries. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and severity of dental caries in the first permanent molar and analyze the related risk factors among sixth-grade students in São Tomé Island. Methods A cross-sectional study with a stratified cluster sampling method was conducted on 1855 sixth-grade school children, mainly aged 11 to 14 years old, from 10 schools in 6 regions of São Tomé Island, from April 17 to June 27, 2021. Dental caries examination was performed by using the CAST criteria (DMFT) index, and the self-administered questionnaires about family background, oral hygiene, and relevant behaviors were collected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to study risk factors related to dental caries of the first permanent molar, and all data analyses were done using SPSS version 25. Results The prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molar was 68.79%, without significant difference between gender, age, residence, and whether only child or not. The mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surface (DMFS) index were 1.751 ± 1.514 and 3.542 ± 3.941, respectively. The rate of filling teeth was 5.50%, and Pit and Fissure Sealant (PFS) rate was 2.21%. The overall prevalence and DMFT index of dental caries of permanent teeth was 76.01% and 2.753 ± 4.569, respectively. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that the frequency of candy/chocolate consumption (OR = 1.095) and fair self-assessment of dental health (OR = 1.354) were significantly associated with dental caries (P < 0.05). Conclusions The high prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molar was a public health issue among sixth-grade school children in São Tomé Island. The prevalence of dental caries, mean DMFT and DMFS scores were higher, while the rate of filling and PFS teeth were lower than the average score of other African countries. Thus, oral health education, implement oral health preaching to school children and their parents is crucial to prevent dental caries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01846-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Que
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhen You
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Li-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chun-Guang Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Panzhihua, Panzhihua, 617000, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang X, Bernabe E, Pitts N, Zheng S, Gallagher JE. Dental Caries Clusters among adolescents in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland in 2013: implications for proportionate universalism. Caries Res 2021; 55:563-576. [PMID: 34380143 DOI: 10.1159/000518964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Eduardo Bernabe
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Pitts
- Centre for Clinical and Translational Research, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jennifer E Gallagher
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Look at it from where I'm sitting - I'm a patient, REVISITED. BDJ IN PRACTICE 2021. [PMCID: PMC8256218 DOI: 10.1038/s41404-021-0802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the benefits and the pitfalls of using colour codes in general dental practice. The issue is particularly relevant today where colour codes are used in dental contract development in order to improve oral health in communities. The article, 'Look at it from where I'm sitting - I'm a patient', won the UK Oral B Prevention in Practice Award in 1994. The prize was attendance at the FDI world Dental Conference in Gothenburg. The article described a patient centric take on dental care.
Collapse
|
18
|
Raedel M, Wagner Y, Priess HW, Samietz S, Bohm S, Walter MH. Routine Data Analyses for Estimating the Caries Treatment Experience of Children. Caries Res 2021; 55:546-553. [PMID: 34348266 DOI: 10.1159/000518075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Raedel
- Prosthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yvonne Wagner
- Department of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Training Centre of the Dental Association Baden-Württemberg (ZFZ Stuttgart), Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Samietz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Centre for Oral Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Michael H Walter
- Prosthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang Z, Su M, Wang Q, Li W, Jiang H. Dental caries and associated factors among Chinese children and adolescents: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25829. [PMID: 33950992 PMCID: PMC8104302 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is a common disease under the action of many factors. Dental caries may occur in all age groups, among which children and adolescents are at high risk of dental caries. Early identification of the risk factors of dental caries is very important for clinical staff to prevent and intervene as soon as possible and reduce the incidence of dental caries. Although Chinese scholars have studied and summarized the risk factors of dental caries in children and adolescents, the conclusions are different. Therefore, in this study, meta-analysis was used to summarize the risk factors of dental caries in Chinese children and adolescents, and to explore the characteristics of high-risk groups of dental caries, so as to provide reference for early detection and prevention of dental caries. METHODS Medical specialty databases like PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Database were consistently and exhaustively searched. According to the method of evidence-based medicine, the inclusion and exclusion criteria were established, and the meta-analysis of all eligible research results was carried out by using Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS We will disseminate the findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis via publications in peer-reviewed journals. CONCLUSIONS Our study was carried out to estimate the pooled prevalence of dental caries and its associated factors among Chinese children and adolescents. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RA9D6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qiaojing Wang
- Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian province, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Xiamen University Zhongshan Hospital
| | | |
Collapse
|