1
|
Brejawi M, Venkiteswaran A, Ergieg SMO, Md Sabri BA. Caries experience in children with molar-incisor hypomineralisation in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates and its association with hypomineralised teeth number. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:211-216. [PMID: 38411884 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00867-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) has been found associated with an increase in dental caries. Studies utilising the recent MIH diagnosis and calibration criteria recommended by the EAPD in 2021 are very scarce. Additionally, the available data in literature about the relationship between the hypomineralised teeth number (HTN) and caries come from only one study. PURPOSE To assess the relationship between MIH and caries experience among children in the city of Fujairah, UAE, utilising the recent criteria recommended by the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) in 2021, and to assess the relationship between the number of teeth affected with MIH, and dental caries. METHODS One hundred and sixty-two children were included in this cross-sectional study, aged 7-9 years old. Children were examined for MIH according to Ghanim et al. (Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 16:235-246, 2015. 10.1007/s40368-015-0178-8) criteria and Ghanim et al. (Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 18:225-242. 10.1007/s40368-017-0293-92017) training manual. Caries experience was assessed with decayed, missing, filled (dmft, DMFT) scoring system. RESULTS dmft mean was 6.56 (SD ± 3.78) and DMFT mean was 0.91 (SD ± 1.23). Children with MIH had significantly higher dmft (p = 0.003) scores. Children with higher HTN had significantly higher dmft (p = 0.008) scores. CONCLUSION Children in Fujairah have extremely high caries scores. Children with MIH have more decayed, missing and filled teeth. Hypomineralised teeth number was positively associated with caries experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Brejawi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, City University Ajman, Ajman, UAE
| | - A Venkiteswaran
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S M O Ergieg
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - B A Md Sabri
- Center of Population Oral Health and Clinical Prevention Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Flink H, Hedenbjörk-Lager A, Liljeström S, Nohlert E, Tegelberg Å. Identification of caries-active individuals in longitudinal data a methodological study using a national registry. Acta Odontol Scand 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37831434 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2265474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to identify caries active individuals among adults by using a trajectory model of longitudinal data from the Swedish national registry (SKaPa) and comparing them with published data from the Dunedin cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from two different age groups (30- and 40-year-olds) followed for 10 years were retrieved from SKaPa and were compared with published longitudinal birth-cohort data from the Dunedin study. Using the trajectory model, the subjects were divided into three different trajectories according to their caries development over time (i.e. high, 15%; moderate, 45%; low, 40%). RESULTS Caries experience, as measured by mean decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS) index, revealed significant differences among the three trajectories in both age groups. The patterns were similar to those observed in the Dunedin cohort. The mean increase in DMFS during the 10-year follow-up period from SKaPa was significantly higher for the high trajectories in both age groups compared with the moderate and low trajectories. CONCLUSIONS The method using three trajectories for presentation of caries experience over time, may be a useful tool to identify subjects with different disease activities. Identification of subjects in the high caries experience trajectory may increase the possibility to explore and evaluate more effective caries prevention for this group in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Håkan Flink
- Region Vastmanland, Uppsala University, Centre for Clinical Research, Vastmanland Hospital Vasteras, Vasteras, Sweden
- Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Simon Liljeström
- Region Vastmanland, Uppsala University, Centre for Clinical Research, Vastmanland Hospital Vasteras, Vasteras, Sweden
| | - Eva Nohlert
- Region Vastmanland, Uppsala University, Centre for Clinical Research, Vastmanland Hospital Vasteras, Vasteras, Sweden
| | - Åke Tegelberg
- Region Vastmanland, Uppsala University, Centre for Clinical Research, Vastmanland Hospital Vasteras, Vasteras, Sweden
- Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Diep MT, Skudutyte-Rysstad R, Sødal ATT, Young A, Hove LH. Caries experience and risk indicators of having decayed teeth among 65-year-olds in Oslo, Norway: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:726. [PMID: 37805466 PMCID: PMC10559471 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meeting the oral health needs of the increasing population of older adults presents a major challenge in dental care. Knowledge about the oral health status in the young-elderly age group is essential for the planning of future oral health education and prevention programs. The aims of the present study were therefore to investigate the caries experience among 65-year-olds in Oslo, Norway, and to explore associations between having decayed teeth and sociodemographic, behavioural, and biological factors. METHODS A random sample of 65‑year‑olds in Oslo answered a questionnaire and underwent clinical and radiographic examinations (n = 457, 52% men and 48% women) at the Research Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, between February and December 2019. Primary- and secondary coronal and root caries lesions, root remnants, and missing and restored teeth were recorded. Decayed teeth (DT) were defined as teeth with coronal- and root caries lesions that had progressed into dentine and root remnants, and the DMFT/S scores were calculated. RESULTS The mean number of teeth was 25 (SD: 4) and the mean DMFT was 19.4 (SD: 4.7). Thirty seven percent of the individuals had at least one decayed tooth (DT > 0), and the mean number of filled teeth (FT) was 16.1 (SD: 5.4). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.8), basic level of education (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-2.9), irregular dental attendance (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0-4.8), and hyposalivation (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.0-4.4) were significant risk indicators for having decayed teeth (DT > 0) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, 65-year-olds in Oslo had a low average number of decayed and missing teeth, and a high number of restored teeth. Irregular dental attendance and hyposalivation were the strongest risk indicators for having decayed teeth. Based on the present results, it will be important to ensure access to regular dental care and to increase the emphasis on caries preventive measures for individuals with hyposalivation in this age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- My Tien Diep
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway.
| | - Rasa Skudutyte-Rysstad
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, Sørkedalsveien 10A, Oslo, 0369, Norway
| | - Anne Thea Tveit Sødal
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
| | - Alix Young
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
| | - Lene Hystad Hove
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Srivastava SK, Garg N, Pathivada L, Yeluri R. Association between Severe Early Childhood Caries, Dietary Preferences, and 2nd Digit-4th Digit (2D:4D) Ratio. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:740-744. [PMID: 38162242 PMCID: PMC10753109 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim To evaluate the association between severe early childhood caries (S-ECC), dietary preferences, and 2nd digit-4th digit (2D:4D) ratio. The objective is to contrast the detection and prevalence of dental caries in children with different sensitivity levels to the bitter taste of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) and its association with 2D:4D. Materials and methods A total of 300 children below 71 months of age were assigned to two study groups-group I (caries-free) and group II (caries). PROP sensitivity test was carried out to determine the inherent genetic ability to taste a bitter or sweet substance. Evaluation of dietary preferences was carried out using a food preference questionnaire, which was completed by the parents of the children to know the child's dietary habits and their sweet, sour, and strong taste preferences. The length of the index (2D) and ring (4D) finger was measured with the help of digital vernier caliper to record the 2D:4D ratio. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using Pearson's Chi-squared test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The results suggested a positive association between S-ECC and dietary preferences but could not establish a straightforward 1:1 relation between 2D:4D ratio and S-ECC. Conclusion An individual considered as nontaster by PROP test was a sweet liker with low 2D:4D ratio having high caries index. The association between 2D:4D ratio and S-ECC should further be explored by taking other influencing factors into consideration before arriving at a definitive conclusion. How to cite this article Srivastava SK, Garg N, Pathivada L, et al. Association between Severe Early Childhood Caries, Dietary Preferences, and 2nd Digit-4th Digit (2D:4D) Ratio. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(5):740-744.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K Srivastava
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Dental College, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nishita Garg
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Dental Institute, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Lumbini Pathivada
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Rungta College of Dental Sciences & Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ramakrishna Yeluri
- Department of Paedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tantipoj C, Powattanasuk W, Manusrudee S, Buranachad N. Risk Factors of Dental Caries in the Thai Population: The Retrospective Cohort Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:373-379. [PMID: 38124729 PMCID: PMC10729882 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_53_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of dental caries increments in Thai dental patients. Materials and Methods The dental chart records of 500 patients who visited the Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Mahidol University during 2003-2013 were included in this research. Risk factors such as age, gender, medical history, marital status, routine oral checkup, oral appliance usage, initial and final records of decayed (DT)-missing-filled (DMF-T), dental history of tooth extraction due to caries, xerostomia, presence of visible plaque, presence of interproximal restoration, and caries risk level were retrieved from dental records. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to determine the association of caries risk factors and new dental caries increments. Results The results indicated that the rate of incidence of new dental caries was 2.1 per 100 person-month. In the multivariate hazard model, past caries experience in more than three teeth (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.53-3.44) and xerostomia (adjusted hazard ratio: 4.47, 95%CI: 1.82-10.98) were independent risk factors of dental caries increments. Other factors, such as demographic data, physical factors, clinical factors, and other contributing factors, were not associated with the incidence of new dental caries. Conclusion The presence of past caries experience and xerostomia were predictors of the occurrence of new dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanita Tantipoj
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wifada Powattanasuk
- Mahidol International Dental School, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Naiyana Buranachad
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alanzi A, Husain F, Husain H, Hanif A, Baskaradoss JK. Does the severity of untreated dental caries of preschool children influence the oral health-related quality of life? BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:552. [PMID: 37563589 PMCID: PMC10416462 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the impact of untreated dental caries and its severity on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Kuwaiti preschool children and their caregivers. METHODS Participants were 4- and 5-year-old kindergarten children attending preselected public schools from one of the Governorates in Kuwait. Early childhood caries (ECC) was evaluated by clinical examinations and presented using decayed, missed, filled teeth/surface (dmft/dmfs). The clinical consequences of untreated dental caries were assessed using the pufa (pulp, ulcers, fistula, abscess) index for primary teeth. A structured questionnaire obtained demographic information of children and their caregivers. OHRQoL was assessed using the Arabic version of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (A-ECOHIS). RESULTS Among the 334 participants, 171 were kindergarten level-1 (KG1), and 163 were level-2 (KG2). The overall prevalence of dental caries was 78.9% for KG1 children and 67.4% for KG2 children. Decayed teeth were the main component for both dmft (84%) and dmfs (68%). The total mean (SD) pufa score was 0.54 (1.5), and about 19.2% of participants had at least one tooth with pufa > 0. A total of 207 A-ECOHIS were completed. Both family and child impact scores were significantly higher for children with a dmft score of 1 or more (p < 0.001) or with one or more pufa (p < 0.001). Child impact section scores were significantly higher with the increasing degrees of untreated caries (dt) (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION The severity of untreated dental caries and caries experience had a negative impact on the OHRQoL of Kuwaiti preschool children and their families. Using the pufa index had provided additional information about the effect of the caries severity on the OHRQoL than assessing the caries experience alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Alanzi
- College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.
| | - F Husain
- College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - H Husain
- Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - A Hanif
- College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shalini K, Uloopi KS, Vinay C, Ratnaditya A, RojaRamya KS, Chaitanya P. Impact of Parenting Style on Child's Behavior and Caries Experience in 3-6-year-old Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:276-279. [PMID: 37519952 PMCID: PMC10373772 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of parenting style on a child's behavior and caries experience in 3-6-year-old children. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study included 1,216 parent-child pairs of 3-6-year-old preschool children. Parenting style was determined using Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). Child behavior was assessed using Frankl's behavior rating scale, and caries experience was recorded using the decayed, extracted and filled deciduous teeth surfaces index. Results Out of the 1,216 parents, the authoritative parenting style is seen in 70%, authoritarian in 20%, and permissive parenting style in 9.5%. Children with a permissive type of parenting style have shown more negative behavior. Children of authoritative parents had 4.1 times higher odds of exhibiting definitely positive behavior, which is statistically significant (p = 0.004). Children of positive child behavior had 2.4 times higher odds of avoiding caries which is statistically significant (p = 0.0001). Children of authoritarian parents had 1.45 times higher odds of exhibiting caries than children of permissive parents; however, this difference is not statistically significant. Conclusion Children of authoritative parents demonstrated low caries experience and desirable behavior in the dental office. On the contrary, children of permissive parents exhibited undesirable dental behavior, and children of authoritarian parents had high caries experience. Clinical significance Twenty-first-century parents are less controlling and are more permissive leading to problematic child behavior in the dental office. Parenting styles have an impact on the effectiveness of behavior management as well as dental treatment. Pediatric dentists should identify different parenting styles and anticipate the child's behavior. This study emphasizes the effect of different parenting styles on a child's behavior and dental caries experience. How to cite this article Shalini K, Uloopi KS, Vinay C, et al. Impact of Parenting Style on Child's Behavior and Caries Experience in 3-6-year-old Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):276-279.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kodati Shalini
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College and Hospital, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - KS Uloopi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College and Hospital, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C Vinay
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College and Hospital, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A Ratnaditya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College and Hospital, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kakarla Sri RojaRamya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College and Hospital, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Penmatsa Chaitanya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College and Hospital, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Skeie MS, Sen A, Dahllöf G, Fagerhaug TN, Høvik H, Klock KS. Dental caries at enamel and dentine level among European adolescents - a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:620. [PMID: 36529722 PMCID: PMC9762106 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast with the last century, caries epidemiology has begun integrating enamel caries into determinations of caries prevalence and experience. The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the caries status including estimations of enamel caries, of European adolescents. METHOD Four databases (Medline Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, and SweMed+) were systematically searched from 1 January 2000 through 20 September 2021 for peer-reviewed publications on caries prevalence and caries experience in 12-19-year-olds; that also included evaluations of enamel lesions. Summary estimates were calculated using random effect model. RESULTS Overall, 30 publications were selected for the systematic review covering 25 observational studies. Not all studies could be used in the meta-analyses. Caries prevalence was 77% (n = 22 studies). Highest prevalence was reported in the age groups 16-19 years, and in studies where caries examinations were done before 2010. The overall mean DMFT score was 5.93 (n = 14 studies) and it was significantly lower among Scandinavian adolescents than among other European adolescents (4.43 vs. 8.89). The proportion of enamel caries (n = 7 studies) was 50%, and highest in the lowest age group (12-15 years). Results from the present systematic review reflected the caries distribution to be skewed at individual-, tooth- and surface levels; at tooth and surface level, also changed according to age. CONCLUSIONS Although studies in which the caries examinations had been done in 2010 or later documented a reduction in caries prevalence, caries during adolescence still constitutes a burden. Thus, the potential for preventing development of more severe caries lesions, as seen in the substantial volume of enamel caries during early adolescence, should be fully exploited. For this to happen, enamel caries should be a part of epidemiological reporting in national registers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit S. Skeie
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Clinical Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway ,Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Abhijit Sen
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Göran Dahllöf
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tone Natland Fagerhaug
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hedda Høvik
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin S. Klock
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Clinical Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Quritum SM, Ali AM, Raouf MM, Omar TEI, Dowidar KML. Evaluation of salivary parameters and Streptococcus' Mutans count in children with cerebral palsy in Egypt: a case control study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:411. [PMID: 36123671 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at high risk for dental caries. Alteration of some salivary properties encountered among them compared to healthy children, could play a role in this elevated risk. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess salivary physicochemical properties; including total antioxidant (TAC), flow rate, viscosity, pH and buffering capacity, as well as Streptococcus mutans level among children with CP, also to correlate these variables to their caries experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case control study included 80 children with CP, study group (SG) and matched number of healthy children for control group (CG). Interview-based questionnaire, clinical examination, salivary biochemical and microbiological investigations using MALDI-TOF were done. RESULTS In SG, the caries experience in primary teeth dmft and S. mutans log value were significantly higher than CG (P = 0.039, P = 0.002) while unstimulated salivary flow rate, buffering capacity and salivary TAC were significantly lower (P < 0.0001). Multivariate linear regression showed that the presence of CP was significantly associated with the greatest variation in caries experience in the primary teeth and permanent teeth. Higher unstimulated salivary flow rate, or an increase in buffering capacity by 1 ml of acid/ml of saliva were associated with lower number of the affected primary and permanent teeth. On the other hand, One-unit increase in S. mutans log count and higher salivary TAC were associated with higher caries experience. CONCLUSION Children with CP have higher caries experience (dmf) due to lower salivary protective factors and higher S. mutans counts.
Collapse
|
10
|
Schmoeckel J, Haq J, Samietz S, Santamaría RM, Mourad MS, Völzke H, Kocher T, Splieth CH, Holtfreter B. Ten-year trends in DMF-S and DMF-T in a northeast German adult population. J Dent 2021; 111:103727. [PMID: 34119612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess 10-year trends in coronal caries in adults aged 20-83 years using data from the two-representative population-based Studies of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-0/SHIP-Trend-0). METHODS Repeated cross-sectional data from 4,286 SHIP-0 and 3,913 SHIP-Trend-0 participants were analysed. Carious, filled and missing teeth/surfaces were recorded in a half-mouth design and the DMF-T/S scores and sound surfaces/teeth were calculated according to WHO criteria. Trends in DMF-T/S scores and its single components were presented stratified by age group and sex. RESULTS A statistically significant decline in coronal caries experience (DMF-T and DMF-S) in adults aged 20 to 83 years as well as for D-T/S components was observed. The proportion of edentulous participants was almost halved from 8.7% (SHIP-0) to 5.1% (SHIP-Trend-0), while the number of M-T declined from 4.4 to 3.5 revealing an overall clear shift to a higher retention rate of teeth. In younger adults (25-34 years) 3.8 more sound teeth (17.2 sound surfaces) were found in average in the mouth and in elderly (65-74 years) a clear shift from extracted to filled teeth was observed (M-T reduced by 5.4, while F-T increased by 4). Regarding sex differences, females had consistently on average higher MF-T/S values, but lower D-T/S values than males. CONCLUSION A clinically relevant drop in the severity of coronal caries experience in all adult age groups in Northeast Germany shows that not only reductions in caries experience in adolescence translated into adulthood but also later improvements led to long-term oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Schmoeckel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - J Haq
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Samietz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerostomatology and Biomaterials, Centre for Oral Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - R M Santamaría
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M S Mourad
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Department of Orthodontics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, SHIP/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - C H Splieth
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schmoeckel J, Santamaría RM, Basner R, Schankath E, Splieth CH. [Oral health trends in children : Results from the epidemiological surveys accompanying group prophylaxis in Germany]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:772-781. [PMID: 34097073 PMCID: PMC8241803 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03341-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Für die Beschreibung der aktuellen epidemiologischen Trends der Karieserfahrung bei Kindern in Deutschland wurden die Mundgesundheitsdaten primär anhand der Epidemiologischen Begleituntersuchungen zur Gruppenprophylaxe (DAJ-Studie) für das Schuljahr 2015/2016 dargestellt. Hier standen Kariesdaten von 301.684 Kindern verteilt auf 3 verschiedene Altersgruppen zur Verfügung. Für die Trends in der Kariesentwicklung wurden zudem weitere in Deutschland durchgeführte nationale und regionale Studien herangezogen. Karies an Milchzähnen tritt schon sehr früh auf (bereits 10–17 % der 3‑Jährigen sind betroffen) und ist auch unter 6‑ bis 7‑Jährigen noch weitverbreitet (ca. 40–60 %). Sehr hoch ist dabei der Anteil nicht sanierter kariöser Milchzähne (3-Jährige: 73,9 %, 6‑ bis 7‑Jährige: 42,5 %). Bei den 6‑ bis 7‑Jährigen sind in den letzten 10 Jahren außerdem kaum noch Verbesserungen zu verzeichnen. Die Karieswerte der erstmals im Rahmen der DAJ-Studie national untersuchten 3‑Jährigen liegen in dem Bereich der Werte aus bisherigen lokalen Studien der letzten Jahrzehnte, bei den 6‑ bis 7‑Jährigen konvergieren die Werte regional. Bei den 12-Jährigen ist die mittlere Karieserfahrung im bleibenden Gebiss in den letzten knapp 20 Jahren um etwa 80 % gesunken. Damit liegt Deutschland hinsichtlich der Mundgesundheit dieser Altersgruppe weltweit im Spitzenbereich. Bezüglich der Mundgesundheit im Milchgebiss besteht in Deutschland dennoch ein deutliches Optimierungspotenzial. Kürzlich implementierte präventive Maßnahmen adressieren dieses Problem bereits, sodass weitere Verbesserungen ähnlich den Erfolgen im bleibenden Gebiss realistisch erscheinen und zu erwarten sind.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schmoeckel
- Zentrum für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Abt. für Präventive Zahnmedizin & Kinderzahnheilkunde, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 42, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland.
| | - Ruth M Santamaría
- Zentrum für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Abt. für Präventive Zahnmedizin & Kinderzahnheilkunde, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 42, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - Roger Basner
- Zentrum für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Abt. für Präventive Zahnmedizin & Kinderzahnheilkunde, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 42, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - Elisabeth Schankath
- Zentrum für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Abt. für Präventive Zahnmedizin & Kinderzahnheilkunde, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 42, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - Christian H Splieth
- Zentrum für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Abt. für Präventive Zahnmedizin & Kinderzahnheilkunde, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 42, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mrudhula KJ, Vinay C, Uloopi KS, RojaRamya KS, Chandrasekhar R. A Cross-sectional Study on Sense of Coherence and Its Relationship with Caries Experience and Socioeconomic Status in 11-16-year-old Schoolchildren. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021; 13:493-496. [PMID: 33623335 PMCID: PMC7887174 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To know the association of sense of coherence (SOC), caries experience, and socioeconomic status (SES) in 11-16-year-old schoolchildren. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 595 schoolchildren aged 11-16 years, and informed consent was obtained. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected through pro forma filled by the parents. Sense of coherence of children was recorded with SOC-13 item questionnaire given in both English and local language (Telugu). Caries experience was recorded with DMFT index by carrying out the intra-oral examination of children. Results In a total of 595 schoolchildren, 35% children have weak SOC, 34.9% have moderate SOC, and 29.9% have strong SOC. Caries experience was inversely associated with SOC (p value = 0.006) on analysis by ANOVA. On multivariate regression analysis, it was observed that for every one-unit increase in SOC, caries experience decreased by 0.11 unit. However, there was statistically no significant (p value = 0.09) relation between childhood SES and SOC. Age (p value = 0.08) and gender (p value = 0.19) are not associated with SOC. Conclusion Sense of coherence influences the caries experience irrespective of socioeconomic status, age, and gender of the child. Clinical significance Children having stronger SOC have increased likelihood to seek out preventive dental services, which helps in maintaining good oral health. SOC is structured mainly by the experiences during the early years of life. Therefore, SOC can be strengthened by interventions in the early life through school dental health programs. How to cite this article Mrudhula KJN, Vinay C, Uloopi KS, et al. A Cross-sectional Study on Sense of Coherence and Its Relationship with Caries Experience and Socioeconomic Status in 11-16-year-old Schoolchildren. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5):493-496.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kantipudi Jn Mrudhula
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C Vinay
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K S Uloopi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kakarla Sri RojaRamya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rayala Chandrasekhar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Diamanti I, Berdouses ED, Kavvadia K, Arapostathis KN, Reppa C, Sifakaki M, Panagopoulou O, Polychronopoulou A, Oulis CJ. Caries prevalence and caries experience (ICDAS II criteria) of 5-, 12- and 15-year-old Greek children in relation to socio-demographic risk indicators. Trends at the national level in a period of a decade. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 22:619-631. [PMID: 33423209 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the caries status of 5, 12 and 15-year-old Greek children, assess how disease parameters are related to socio-demographic indicators and identify relevant trends at the national level. METHODS A stratified cluster sample of 3702 children in total was randomly selected and examined clinically for caries (ICDAS II criteria). Caries experience was outlined by adapting ICDAS0-6 criteria to the d/D component of the WHO dmf/DMF index configuration. Percentages (%) of caries experience-free children, of children with initial caries (ICDAS1-2), and the mean d1-2t/D1-2T, d3-6mft/D3-6MFT and d3-6mfs/D3-6MFS indices were calculated. The probability of presenting with d1-2t/D1-2T ≥ 1 was assessed by binary logistic regression analysis, whereas negative binomial regression models examined the effect of socio-demographic parameters on d3-6mfs/D3-6MFS indices (level of significance: p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS 60.1%, 48.1%, and 34.7% of the 5, 12, and 15-year-old children, respectively, had no caries experience at the defect level (d3-6mft/D3-6MFT = 0). Initial lesions (ICDAS1-2) were detected in 17.7%, 19.3% and 17.4% of the 5, 12 and 15-year-olds, accordingly. Mean d1-2t/D1-2T was 0.93, 1.70, and 2.51, whereas mean d3-6mft/D3-6MFT was 1.48, 1.61, and 2.46 for the 5, 12, and 15-year-olds, respectively. Children with higher educated parents and 15-year-old urban residents exhibited significantly less caries experience at the defect level. Initial caries lesions presented a significantly higher probability of being detected in urban-residing 5- and 15-year-olds, while no consistent trend could be identified for parental education level. Caries prevalence and experience levels declined for all age groups in ten years. CONCLUSION Although the dental health of Greek children has improved disparities remain, calling for organised primary and secondary preventive interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iliana Diamanti
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon 2, Goudi, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elias D Berdouses
- Paediatric Dentistry Practice, 22 Kodrou str, Halandri, 15231, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Kavvadia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Konstantinos N Arapostathis
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Argy Polychronopoulou
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon 2, Goudi, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantine J Oulis
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Beenackers MA, Vermaire JH, van Dommelen P, Schuller AA. Experiencing Financial Strain and Clinically Assessed Caries Experience in Dentate Adults Aged 25-44 Years: An Exploration of Potential Pathways. Caries Res 2020; 55:63-72. [PMID: 33352549 DOI: 10.1159/000511466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Large socioeconomic inequalities still exist in oral health. It is already known that oral health-related behaviour may contribute to these inequalities, but why people with a lower socioeconomic position behave less healthily is not easily understood. A possible explanation that integrates insights on health behaviour, stress, and financial resources is the pathway of behavioural responses to financial strain. The aim of this study was to assess to what extent financial strain is associated with clinically assessed caries experience in a population-based study of dentate adults, independently of other socioeconomic indicators. Furthermore, the potential mediating pathways of oral health-related behaviours (oral hygiene, dietary habits, preventive dental visits) were explored. Dentate participants, aged 25-44 years, taking part in a survey on oral health and preventive behaviour in the Netherlands in 2013 were clinically examined on - among others - caries experience (DMFS index) and level of oral hygiene (OHI-s index). Financial strain, frequency of tooth brushing, dietary habits, attendance of (preventive) dental visits in the past year, and demographic variables were assessed via questionnaires. Negative binomial hurdle models were used to study the association between financial strain and DMFS and between oral health behavioural indicators and DMFS. Although it was observed that experiencing financial strain did not seem to affect whether there is any caries experience or not, among those having any caries (DMFS >0) suffering from financial strain was associated with a higher caries prevalence, independent of educational level and income. None of the studied potential mediators could explain this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariëlle A Beenackers
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Jan H Vermaire
- Department of Child Health, TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paula van Dommelen
- Department of Child Health, TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie A Schuller
- Department of Child Health, TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ekstrand KR, Abreu-Placeres N. The impact of a national caries strategy in Greenland 10 years after implementation. A failure or a success? Int J Circumpolar Health 2020; 79:1804260. [PMID: 32799764 PMCID: PMC7480434 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2020.1804260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims 1) to describe the dental health goals and the single financial goal defined in 2008 with a new national caries strategy in Greenland (CSG) and the progress made during the subsequent 10-year period; 2) to describe the CSG initiatives; and 3) to report caries outcome data for 3-year-old children as well as 9-year-old children in 2012 and 2018; for 6-year-old children as well as 12-year-old children in 2015 and 2018 and for 15-year-old children in 2018, and to compare the data with the baseline data from 2008. Only 6 of the 20 dental health goals were close to being or were achieved over the 10-year period. The total cost of running PDHS-G increased by 4% from 2008 to 2018. The CSG strategy focused on predetermined visits/examinations, risk-related recalls, oral health promotion and predetermined fluoride and sealing policies. The percentage of children with a defs/DMFS = 0 increased by 8-18%, and the mean defs/DMFS decreased by 40-60% between 2008 and 2018 in all five age groups involved. To conclude, the goals defined in 2008 were generally not achieved (failure), but the caries status improved significantly from 2008 to 2018 in all age groups (success).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim R Ekstrand
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section of Cariology and Endodontics, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ninoska Abreu-Placeres
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section of Cariology and Endodontics, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark.,Biomaterials and Dentistry Research Center (CIBO-UNIBE), Academic Research Department, Universidad Iberoamericana , Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Veena RL, Nagarathna C. Correlation of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus colonization with and without caries experience in preschool children. Indian J Dent Res 2020; 31:73-79. [PMID: 32246686 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_432_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The aciduric mutans streptococci (MS) group, including Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Streptococcus sobrinus (SS), is highly cariogenic. Relationship between increments in dental caries and the presence of these species is not yet clarified. It is of great importance to separately determine the presence of these two species for understanding their role in dental caries, accurate prediction, and effective prevention. Hence, this study was undertaken to detect the presence of SM and SS in plaque samples of caries-free (CF), early childhood caries (ECC), and severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) and also to compare the possible relationship between these species with the occurrence of ECC. Materials and Method In all, 120 healthy children between 3 and 6 years of age were randomly allocated into three groups: Group A (n = 40) CF, Group B (n = 40) ECC, and Group C (n = 40) S-ECC. Plaque samples were collected from all approximal surface and gingivobuccal surfaces of teeth using a sterile universal scaler and dmft/dmfs scores were taken. The presence of SM and SS was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results The presence of SM in CF, ECC, and S-ECC was 10.0%, 27.5%, and 42.5%, respectively, and SS was 5.0%, 40.0%, and 47.5% in CF, ECC, and S-ECC, respectively. Comparison of mean relative quantification (RQ) values of SM between three study groups showed significant results between CF and S-ECC at P value 0.003. Comparison of mean RQ values of SS showed significant results between CF to ECC and CF to S-ECC at P value <0.001. This study showed significant results between the mean dmft/dmfs scores in three study groups and the presence of high levels of SM and SS in ECC and S-ECC groups. However, the study showed weak positive correlation between dmfs scores and both SM and SS species in ECC and S-ECC. Interpretations and Conclusion Higher levels of SS were more closely related to the caries-active lesions leading to severity of dental disease, that is, both in ECC and S-ECC. There was significant difference between mean dmft/dmfs scores in three study groups and it also showed positive correlation between dmfs scores and SM and SS colonization in ECC and S-ECC status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R L Veena
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - C Nagarathna
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pachava S, Chandu VC, Yaddanapalli SC, Dasari AB, Assaf HM. Comparing Caries Experience between Azadirachta indica Chewing Stick Users and Toothbrush Users among 35-44-Year-Old Rural Population of Southern India. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2019; 9:417-422. [PMID: 31516877 PMCID: PMC6714418 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_428_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To compare the caries experience between Azadirachta indica chewing stick users and toothbrush users among 35-44-year-old rural population in Southern India. Materials and Methods This ex post facto research was conducted in the rural parts of two sub-administrative areas of a district in the Southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The sample size for the study was determined to be 400, with 200 subjects in each group. Subjects following indigenous oral hygiene methods were identified using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. After obtaining 200 subjects using A. indica chewing sticks, age, gender, and socioeconomic status matched controls using toothbrush were identified. American Dental Association type III examination was carried out to record caries experience (decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT) Index) after obtaining informed consent and thus obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 20. Results It was observed that the caries experience was more in toothbrush users compared to subjects following indigenous methods (DMFT, 4.38 ± 1.93 vs. 3.54 ± 1.02). Similar results were obtained when the decay component of DMFT index was exclusively compared. No significant difference in the plaque scores and the mean number of filled, missing teeth was observed between the two groups. Conclusion Though conclusive results cannot be drawn from this study about the positive influence of indigenous methods on caries experience, the results emphasize the cardinal need to more thoroughly understand the potential benefits of indigenous methods before dismissing them as retrogressive approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Pachava
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Viswa C Chandu
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Suresh C Yaddanapalli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ankineedu B Dasari
- Department of Advanced Education in General Dentistry(AEGD), School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hussein M Assaf
- Department of Advanced Education in General Dentistry(AEGD), School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Santamaria RM, Schmoeckel J, Basner R, Schüler E, Splieth CH. Caries Trends in the Primary Dentition of 6- to 7-Year-old Schoolchildren in Germany from 1994 to 2016: Results from the German National Oral Health Surveys in Children. Caries Res 2019; 53:659-666. [PMID: 31195400 DOI: 10.1159/000500854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term nationally representative caries data in the primary dentition are rare, but nonetheless central to assess needs in caries prevention and treatment. This study evaluated the prevalence and trends of caries levels in the primary dentition of 6- to 7-year-olds in Germany as a whole and its federal states individually. In 2016, employing a randomized cluster selection, 6- to 7-year-old first graders were included in the National German Oral Health Survey performed regularly since 1994/95. Children were examined by 482 calibrated dentists in all 17 German regions using the WHO criteria for the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) including the assessment of initial carious lesions (it). In total, 151,555 6- to 7-year-olds were examined. Caries prevalence in the primary dentition dropped from 65% in 1994 to 44% in 2016, while the mean caries experience dropped from 2.89 to 1.73 dmft (dt = 0.74, mt = 0.19, ft = 0.80). When initial lesions were included, the mean caries experience increased to idmft = 2.12 (it = 0.38). In 2016, 49.7% of the examined 6- to 7-year-olds were caries-free including initial lesions. The Care Index at the tooth level was 57.5%, and the Significant Caries Index was 4.84 dmft. Depending on the German region, the mean dmft varied considerably, ranging from 1.37 to 2.31. In conclusion, despite the overall caries decline in 6- to 7-year-olds in Germany, only minor caries reductions were observed over the last decade, with a still existing high proportion of untreated dental decay. This calls for more effective preventive and restorative efforts with focus on the primary dentition in Germany.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M Santamaria
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany,
| | - Julian Schmoeckel
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Roger Basner
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Schüler
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian H Splieth
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schmoeckel J, Santamaría RM, Basner R, Schüler E, Splieth CH. Introducing a Specific Term to Present Caries Experience in Populations with Low Caries Prevalence: Specific Affected Caries Index (SaC). Caries Res 2019; 53:527-531. [PMID: 30861527 DOI: 10.1159/000496932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to now, indices like the mean dmft/DMFT and the SiC (Significant Caries Index) have been used to depict caries experience in populations with high prevalence. With the caries decline, particularly for populations with low caries levels, these indices reach their statistical limits. This paper aims to introduce a specific term, the Specific affected Caries Index (SaC) for the risk groups in populations with low caries prevalence and to illustrate its use based on the consecutive German National Oral Health Survey (GNOHS) in children. In groups with a caries prevalence less than one-third of the population, many caries-free children (DMFT = 0) are included in the SiC (risk group), which calls for a new way of illustration. Mean caries experience (DMFT), caries prevalence, the SiC and SaC were portrayed for 12-year-olds in the GNOHS from 1994/95 to 2016. The SaC describes the mean caries experience (DMFT) in the group presenting caries experience (DMFT > 0). In 12-year-old 6th graders in Germany, the mean caries experience decreased from 2.4 (1994/95) to 0.4 DMFT (2016), with a recent prevalence of 21.2% (DMFT > 0, 2016). In 2016, the mean number of affected teeth in children with DMFT > 0 (SaC) was 2.1, while the SiC including 12% DMFT-free children in the risk group was 1.3. The SiC fails to reflect the caries severity in children in a population with low caries prevalence. Therefore, the newly introduced term Specific affected Caries Index (SaC) may be used to describe accurately caries experience in caries risk children in populations presenting low caries prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schmoeckel
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ruth M Santamaría
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany,
| | - Roger Basner
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Schüler
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian H Splieth
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bashirian S, Shirahmadi S, Seyedzadeh-Sabounchi S, Soltanian AR, Karimi-Shahanjarini A, Vahdatinia F. Association of caries experience and dental plaque with sociodemographic characteristics in elementary school-aged children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:7. [PMID: 29321029 PMCID: PMC5763616 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental caries among Iranian elementary school children aged 6–12 years continue to rise. To estimate treatment needs and guide health initiatives, current epidemiologic data are required. Such data are currently unavailable for dental health. The purpose of this study was to assess caries experience, dental plaque, and associated factors in elementary school-aged children from Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 988 elementary school children aged 7–12 years were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Dental caries was studied using the WHO criteria, dental plaque was examined according to O’Leary index. Data on parental education and occupation, living district, dental pain within the past year, and tooth brushing habits under parental supervision were collected through interviews based on questionnaire. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and logistic and linear regression. Results The mean (SD) age of the elementary school children was 9.64 (1.73) years. The highest dmft was seen in elementary school children aged 7–8 years 6.53 (4.37) and the highest DMFT and dental plaque was in 12 year olds recorded as 1.17 (1.77) and 51.97 (25.86), respectively. The proportion of decayed teeth in 7 years old elementary school based on dmft index was 80.36%, moreover, the proportion in 12 years old elementary school was 40.17% based on the DMFT index. Age, gender, and dental pain within the past year were significantly associated with DMFT and dmft. The odds of developing dental caries (DMFT) was 1.70 times higher in girls than in boys (p < 0.001) and 1.72 times higher in the students that reported dental pain frequently than in those who did not (p = 0.005). The chance of developing dental caries (dmft) was 0.47 times lower in girls than boys (p < 0.001). Age was significantly correlated with dental plaque such that Plaque Index increased by 2.44 times per one year increase in age (p < 0.001). Conclusion Results indicated that dental caries experience and plaque formation among elementary school children in Hamadan were high and they were influenced by their sociodemographic factors. The associations found can be used as a helpful guide for planning accurate preventive programs for elementary school children in this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Bashirian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center and Department of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Shirahmadi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | | | - Ali Reza Soltanian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of public health and Modeling of no communicable diseases research center. Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Farshid Vahdatinia
- Dental research center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sun X, Bernabé E, Liu X, Gallagher JE, Zheng S. Early life factors and dental caries in 5-year-old children in China. J Dent 2017; 64:73-79. [PMID: 28655504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the association between early life factors and dental caries among 5-year-old Chinese children. METHODS Data from 9722 preschool children who participated in the third National Oral Health Survey of China were analysed. Information on early life (birth weight, breastfeeding and age when toothbrushing started), child (sex, ethnicity, birth order and dental behaviours) and family factors (parental education, household income, place of residence, number of children in the family, respondent's age and relation to the child) were obtained from parental questionnaires. Children were also clinically examined to assess dental caries experience using the decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) index. The association of early life factors with dmft was evaluated in negative binomial regression models. RESULTS We found that birth weight was not associated with dental caries experience; children who were exclusively and predominantly formula-fed had lower dmft values than those exclusively breastfed; and children who started brushing later in life had higher dmft values than those who were brushing within the first year. Only one in seven of all children received regular toothbrushing twice per day, and only 34.7% had commenced toothbrushing by the age of 3 years. CONCLUSIONS This study shows certain early life factors play a role in dental caries among Chinese preschool children and provides important insights to shape public health initiatives on the importance of introducing early toothbrushing. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The early environment, especially the age when parents introduce toothbrushing to their children, can be an important factor to prevent childhood dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China; King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's College and St. Thomas' Hospitals, Population and Patient Health Division, Denmark Hill Campus, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
| | - Eduardo Bernabé
- King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's College and St. Thomas' Hospitals, Population and Patient Health Division, Denmark Hill Campus, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Jennifer E Gallagher
- King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's College and St. Thomas' Hospitals, Population and Patient Health Division, Denmark Hill Campus, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of enamel defects of the first permanent molars on caries experience and child oral health-related quality of life was evaluated in a cohort study. METHODS Children who participated in a study of enamel defects of the first permanent molars 8 years earlier were invited for a follow-up assessment. Consenting children completed the Child Perception Questionnaire and the faces Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale, and were examined by two calibrated examiners. ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, negative binomial and logistic regression were used for data analyses. RESULTS One hundred and eleven children returned a completed questionnaire and 91 were clinically examined. Negative binomial regression found that oral health impacts were associated with gender (boys, risk ratio (RR) = 0.73, P = 0.03) and decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) (RR = 1.1, P = 0.04). The mean DMFT of children were sound (0.9, standard deviation (SD) = 1.4), diffuse defects (0.8, SD = 1.7), demarcated defects (1.5, SD = 1.4) and pit defects (1.3, SD = 2.3) (Kruskal-Wallis, P = 0.05). Logistic regression of first permanent molar caries found higher odds of caries experience with baseline primary tooth caries experience (odds ratio (OR) = 1.5, P = 0.01), the number of teeth affected by enamel defects (OR = 1.9, P = 0.05) and lower odds with the presence of diffuse enamel defects (OR = 0.1, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS The presence of diffuse enamel defects was associated with lower odds of caries experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Arrow
- Department of Health, Dental Health Services, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lee HS, Lee ES, Kang SM, Lee JH, Choi HJ, Kim BI. Clinical Assessment of a New Caries Activity Test Using Dental Plaque Acidogenicity in Children under Three Years of Age. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 40:388-92. [PMID: 27617379 DOI: 10.17796/1053-4628-40.5.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the validity of a new caries activity test that uses dental plaque acidogenicity in children with deciduous dentition. STUDY DESIGN Ninety-two children under the age of three years old underwent clinical examination using the dft index and examinations with two caries activity tests. Plaque samples for the new Cariview(®) test and the saliva sample for the conventional Dentocult SM(®) test were collected, incubated, and scored according to each manufacturers' instruction. The data were analysed using ANOVA and Spearman correlation analyses to evaluate the relationships between the test results and the caries experience. RESULTS The mean dft index of all of the subjects was 4.73, and 17.4% of the subjects were caries-free. The levels of caries risk based on the new Cariview test score significantly increased with the caries experience (p < 0.01). The test results revealed a stronger correlation with caries indices (dft and dt index) than the conventional SM colony counting method (r = 0.43, r = 0.39, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The new caries activity test to analyse the acidogenic potential of whole microorganisms from dental plaques can be used to evaluate caries risk in children with deciduous teeth.
Collapse
|
24
|
Nørrisgaard PE, Qvist V, Ekstrand K. Prevalence, risk surfaces and inter-municipality variations in caries experience in Danish children and adolescents in 2012. Acta Odontol Scand 2015; 74:291-7. [PMID: 26651538 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2015.1119306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe the caries experience, prevalence and distribution related to tooth type and surfaces in the primary and permanent dentition in children and adolescents in Denmark in 2012. In addition, to examine if explanatory factors influence the inter-municipality variation in caries experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected in the public Child Dental Health Service. In total, 5636 caries registrations on 3-, 9-, 15- and 18-year-olds were collected in 35 of the 98 Danish municipalities. Caries experience was expressed by mean def-s/DMF-S and caries prevalence by def-s = 0/DMF-S = 0. Inter-municipality variations were illustrated. Multivariate regression analyses were applied to assess the influence of fluoride concentration in drinking water, proportion of immigrants and personal income on the inter-municipality variation in mean def-s/DMF-S. RESULTS Only 4.6% of 3-year-olds had def-s (mean = 0.25), compared to 44.9% of 9-year-olds (mean = 3.07), primarily located occlusally and interproximally on the primary molars. Mean DMF-S for the 9-, 15- and 18-year-olds were 0.27, 1.97 and 4.40, respectively. Caries were primarily located occlusally and in pits on the permanent molars, which also showed high frequencies of sealings. Mean def-s/DMF-S showed substantial inter-municipality variations, while the caries location in both dentitions was rather stable. The three background factors explained less than 25% of the variation in mean def-s/DMF. CONCLUSIONS The caries distribution within the primary and permanent dentition among 3-, 9-, 15- and 18-year-olds followed definite patterns concerning location on teeth and surfaces. Background factors only explained a minor part of the variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pia Elisabeth Nørrisgaard
- a Department of Odontology , Section for Cariology and Endodontics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Vibeke Qvist
- a Department of Odontology , Section for Cariology and Endodontics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kim Ekstrand
- a Department of Odontology , Section for Cariology and Endodontics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kundu H, Patthi B, Singla A, Jankiram C, Jain S, Singh K. Dental Caries Scenario Among 5, 12 and 15-Year-old Children in India- A Retrospective Analysis. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZE01-5. [PMID: 26393229 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/12439.6150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental caries is the most prevalent dental disease and children are one of the most affected groups. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the average dental caries prevalence across different WHO index age groups (5, 12 & 15 years) for the past fifteen years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature search was performed electronically in various search engines like google scholar, PubMed, Copernicus, etc. using Dental caries and India as MeSH terms. Articles from the past 15 years reporting on dental caries prevalence and experience in India were searched and this online searching strategy collected and listed 781 articles. After evaluating their titles and abstracts, only 30 articles fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria & were finally selected for complete review and data collection. Five articles which were hand searched were also included. Pooled estimates were calculated for different index age groups and different regions (Northern and Southern) separately with a confidence interval of 95% both for prevalence and experience of dental caries. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of dental caries was found to be highest in 15 year olds followed by 5 and 12 years (62.02%, 48.11% & 43.34% respectively). Weighted mean was also found to be highest for 15 years, followed by 5 and 12 years (2.56±6.508, 2.49±7.78, 1.48±3.292 respectively). Pooled prevalence and weighted mean for the Northernern India region was found to be more in all the index age groups as compared to the Southernern India region. CONCLUSION More than 40% of the children in India have shown dental caries in both primary and permanent teeth in the past 15 years. Also, Northernern region was found to be more affected by dental caries than Southern region. Since children are seen as the future of the nation, this data could be helpful in the planning of oral health care services by the concerned authorities in the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hansa Kundu
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Basavaraj Patthi
- Professor and HOD, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Singla
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad,Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandrashekar Jankiram
- Professor and HOD, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita Sschool of Dentistry , Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Swati Jain
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khushboo Singh
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jain M, Singh A, Sharma A. Relationship of Perceived Stress and Dental Caries among Pre University Students in Bangalore City. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 8:ZC131-4. [PMID: 25584305 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/11664.5213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stress can increase the susceptibility to dental caries by four possible mechanisms. Studies show that adolescents tend to more likely develop negative body image, disturbed eating behaviours and high levels of stress. Students report stress, taking and studying for exams being the greatest source of academic stress due to competition and the large amount of content in less time. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The objectives were to analyze the caries experience in relation to perceived stress during preuniversity examination period, to estimate the prevalence of dental caries and to calculate SiC (significant caries index) among preuniversity students in Marathahalli, Bangalore city, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional, correlational study involved 210 students (Response rate = 65.37%). The questionnaire consisted of demographic details and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Dental caries status was evaluated using the WHO (1997) caries diagnostic criteria for decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT: Dynamical mean field theory). RESULTS Prevalence of dental caries was 50.48%. Mean DMFT was 1.74 and Sic index was 4.56. The correlation between PSS and caries experience was found to be weak (r=0.389) (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Academic stress appears to affect oral health, shown by higher caries experience in high perceived stress score individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meena Jain
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College , Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amitoch Singh
- Professor, Department of Surgery, Private Practitioner , Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College , Faridabad, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Background: There is an indisputable relationship between tooth decay and oral hygiene. Caries can only be prevented by keeping tooth decay at bay. In several prophylactic methods, brushing is the most important. Brushing efficiency is directly related to an individuals' manual dexterity. Objective: To investigate whether there were differences in oral hygiene and caries prevalence between right- and left-handers. Materials and Methods: Forty-six elementary school students were included in the study. The subjects were 30 males and 16 females, ranging in age from 11 to 13 years. Handedness was ascertained by using the Edinburgh Handedness Scale. All students were examined intraorally. During this examination, the necessary values to determine oral hygiene status and to determine caries prevalence were recorded. Results: It was observed that subjects who used their right hands were in a better position in terms of oral hygiene than those using the left (P < 0.01). In terms of caries prevalence, however, averages for right-handed individuals were lower than those for left-handed subjects, although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: It can be stated that the right-handed individuals have better oral hygiene and the lower incidence of caries because of their better manual dexterity and brush efficiency. So, dentists should consider better manual dexterity and brush efficiency in right-handed individuals before treatment planning. However, future well-designed neurologic studies involving larger numbers of subjects will be necessary to confirm the findings of this study and to understand more about the effects of handedness on oral hygiene performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binali Cakur
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yildiz M, Pirim I, Bayindir YZ, Olgun H, Temel F. The Association of HLA Class I and II Antigens in Teenagers with Caries Experience. Eurasian J Med 2009; 41:146-148. [PMID: 25610091 PMCID: PMC4261277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There have been reports of a relationship between human histocompatibility antigen types and increased incidence of dental caries. The association between specific patterns of HLA genetic inheritance is not clear and not well studied. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between MHC alleles and DMFT index in 65 teenagers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-five teenagers were recruited from the students of elementary school of the university campus and the patients of the Ataturk University Dental School hospital. Low-resolution typing for the HLA-A, B, C and HLA-DR/DQ were performed by PCR-SSP method using SSP HLA class I generic DNA Typing Tray. RESULTS The results showed that HLA-DRB1*04 and -DRB1*07 frequencies were significantly higher (30.4% and 26.08% respectively) in DMFT≥1 group as compared with DMFT:0 group (10.5% and 5.26%), (p:0.168, OR:3.719; p:0.117, OR:6.353). Although frequencies of HLA-A*2, -B*27 and -B*51 alleles were increased in DMFT≥1 group, they were not statically important. HLA-DRB1*11 were found to be more common in DMFT: 0 groups. CONCLUSIONS The pathogens involve in caries induce immune systems and response via the given HLA alleles could be important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Yildiz
- Atatürk University, School of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Pirim
- Atatürk University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetic, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ziya Bayindir
- Atatürk University, School of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasim Olgun
- Atatürk University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatry, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fulya Temel
- Atatürk University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetic, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|