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Silva LRCD, Diógenes SDS, Meneses MN, Arjona FBS, Arruda CAM, Teixeira ACDA, Pessoa VM, Carneiro FF. Popular Health, Environmental and Occupational Surveillance: an integrative literature review. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:2565-2582. [PMID: 37672447 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023289.13142022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective is to identify concepts, experiences, methods, and techniques in Popular Health, Environmental and Occupational Surveillance (VPSAT). This is an integrative review that used the descriptors: Community Participation, Public Health Surveillance, Environmental Health, and Occupational Health, using five databases: Virtual Health Library, EBSCOhost, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. The review selected 15 studies, based on the inclusion criteria: surveillance experiences with community protagonism; and exclusion criteria: research without primary data and developed only by the health service. The theoretical and methodological bases of the studies were identified as citizen science, popular education, and environmental justice; experiences such as participatory mapping and monitoring; methods such as action research, 'do-it-yourself', and community-based research; and techniques such as "Photovoice" and Community Journal. Low-income urban communities, indigenous peoples, young individuals, and workers stand out as the protagonists. The recognition of the VPSAT as an important source of data and intervention by public health systems and academia contributes to making health surveillance more dialogic and effective.
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Dietrich JJ, Munoz J, Tshabalala G, Makhale LM, Hornschuh S, Rentas F, Mulaudzi M, Laher F, Andrasik MP. A qualitative study of stakeholder and researcher perspectives of community engagement practices for HIV vaccine clinical trials in South Africa. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:998-1015. [PMID: 36342974 PMCID: PMC10613584 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Community engagement increases community trust of research and improves trial participation. However, there is limited documented appraisal of community engagement practices. Several HIV vaccine efficacy trials have been conducted in South Africa, the country most affected by HIV, predominantly in collaboration with the HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN). We explored stakeholder and researcher perspectives of the HVTN community engagement practices used in the Gauteng province of South Africa. In 2017, we conducted a qualitative study. Using semi-structured interview guides, we facilitated two group discussions with Community Advisory Board (CAB) members (n = 13), and 14 in-depth interviews with HVTN-affiliated employees (n = 8 in South Africa and n = 6 in the USA). Group discussions and in-depth interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated into English, and coded using NVIVO 12 Plus software for thematic data analysis. Overall, median age of study participants was 22 (interquartile range 32-54) years, and 74% (n = 20) were female. Three main themes about community engagement emerged: (i) community engagement as an ongoing iterative relationship between researchers and community; (ii) methods of community engagement, encompassing community education by linking with external stakeholders and through awareness campaigns by pamphlet distribution and mass events, working with communities to develop recruitment messages, and working with CAB as a link to communities; and (iii) strategies to improve community engagement, for example, using simple language, linking with religious leaders and traditional healers, and communicating via conventional (newspapers, television, and radio) and social (videos and listicles) media. Our data indicate ways for researchers to improve relationships with community by understanding local needs, strengthening collaborations, and tailoring communication strategies. In this regard, CABs signify critical linkages between researchers and communities. CABs can relay relevant health research needs, advise on the creation of suitable materials, and link researchers more effectively with community leaders and media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janan J. Dietrich
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit (PHRU), School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
- Health Systems Research UnitSouth African Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa
- African Social Sciences Unit of Research and Evaluation (ASSURE), Division of the Wits Health ConsortiumUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Jessica Munoz
- Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of Emergency MedicineLoma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Gugulethu Tshabalala
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit (PHRU), School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Lerato M. Makhale
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute (Wits RHI), Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Stefanie Hornschuh
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit (PHRU), School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Francisco Rentas
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Mamakiri Mulaudzi
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit (PHRU), School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Fatima Laher
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit (PHRU), School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Michele P. Andrasik
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
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Mutero IT, Mindu T, Cele W, Manyangadze T, Chimbari MJ. Engaging youth in stakeholder analysis for developing community-based digital innovations for mental health of young people in Ingwavuma community, in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e4239-e4251. [PMID: 35507734 PMCID: PMC10084098 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
South Africa faces a critical shortage of mental health service professionals and support for young people with common mental health disorders is inadequate. Social relationships that provide support to adolescents in South African communities are increasingly declining due to socio-economic pressures. Developing ethical digital mental health innovations has potential to address provide services particularly in rural communities where mental health facilities are scarce. The active involvement of young people is critical to maximising uptake and reducing apathy on the use of digital innovations for mental health. Using the nominal group technique this study engaged young people in identifying stakeholders for setting up a community-based mental health intervention in a rural community. Use of nominal group technique for stakeholder analysis proved to a useful tool for engaging young people. The stakeholder identification and analysis provided a base for inclusivity in developing digital innovations for mental health through identifying multi-sector community stakeholders. It revealed that young people in the community have varying perceptions about the level of power and interest which their peers, family members, local leaders, health workers and social development organisations have in developing digital mental health interventions. This research contributes to our understanding of the ways in which to leverage young people's participation in project planning and decision-making and building strong teams and alliances for developing digital innovations for mental health in marginalised rural communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Winnie Cele
- University of KwaZulu‐NatalDurbanSouth Africa
| | | | - Moses John Chimbari
- University of KwaZulu‐NatalDurbanSouth Africa
- Great Zimbabwe UniversitySchool of Medical and Health SciencesMasvingoZimbabwe
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Barugahare J, Kass NE. Managing community engagement in research in Uganda: insights from practices in HIV/AIDS research. BMC Med Ethics 2022; 23:59. [PMID: 35701777 PMCID: PMC9199168 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-022-00797-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community engagement (CE) in research is valuable for instrumental and intrinsic reasons. Despite existing guidance on how to ensure meaningful CE, much of what it takes to achieve this goal differs across settings. Considering the emerging trend towards mandating CE in many research studies, this study aimed at documenting how CE is conceptualized and implemented, and then providing context-specific guidance on how researchers and research regulators in Uganda could think about and manage CE in research. Methods We conducted qualitative interviews and focus group discussions involving forty-one respondents who were experienced in HIV/AIDS biomedical research involving CE. Thirty-eight of these were directly or indirectly associated with Uganda’s leading research institution in the field of HIV/AIDS. They included Principal Investigators, Community Liaisons Officers, Research Ethics Committee members and Community Advisory Board Members. Three respondents were from Uganda National Council for Science and Technology. Data were collected between August 2019 and August 2020, using audio-taped focus group discussions and key informant interviews, transcribed and analyzed manually to generate themes and subthemes. Results Three major themes emerged: goals or value of CE; the means of CE, and, the evaluation of CE. Goals or value of CE generated four subthemes representing the overarching goals of CE: (1) Promote communities’ agency; (2) Generate and sustain trust; (3) Protect and promote communities’ rights and interests; and, (4) Help studies optimize participation in the form of enrolment and retention of participants. What usually comes under the nomenclatures of methods, strategies, and approaches of CE, such as town-hall meetings, sports events, drama, and the like, should simply be understood as the means of CE, and it is not desirable to hold pre-conceived and fixed ideas about the best means to conduct CE in research since a lot depend on the context. Finally, the study found that despite CE’s critical importance, which suggests the need to track and evaluate it, CE is currently intermittently evaluated, and for inadequate motivations. Conclusions Existing guidance on how to conduct robust CE in research is no substitute for creativity, flexibility, and reflexivity on the part of both researchers and research regulators. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12910-022-00797-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Barugahare
- Department of Philosophy, Makerere University, Kampala, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Nancy E Kass
- Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 1809 Ashland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Juarez JG, Carbajal E, Dickinson KL, Garcia-Luna S, Vuong N, Mutebi JP, Hemme RR, Badillo-Vargas I, Hamer GL. The unreachable doorbells of South Texas: community engagement in colonias on the US-Mexico border for mosquito control. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1176. [PMID: 35698216 PMCID: PMC9190097 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes and the diseases they transmit continue to place millions of people at risk of infection around the world. Novel methods of vector control are being developed to provide public health officials with the necessary tools to prevent disease transmission and reduce local mosquito populations. However, these methods will require public acceptance for a sustainable approach and evaluations at local settings. We present our efforts in community engagement carried out in colonias of the Lower Rio Grande Valley in south Texas for mosquito surveillance, control, and ecological projects. Along the US-Mexico border the term colonia refers to impoverished communities that are usually inhabited by families of Hispanic heritage. The different engagements were carried out from September 2016 to February 2019; during this time, we had three distinct phases for community engagement. In Phase 1 we show the initial approach to the colonias in which we assessed security and willingness to participate; in Phase 2 we carried out the first recruitment procedure involving community meetings and house-to-house recruitment; and in Phase 3 we conducted a modified recruitment procedure based on community members' input. Our findings show that incorporating community members in the development of communication materials and following their suggestions for engagement allowed us to generate culturally sensitive recruitment materials and to better understand the social relationships and power dynamics within these communities. We were able to effectively reach a larger portion of the community and decrease the dropout rate of participants. Progress gained with building trust in the communities allowed us to convey participant risks and benefits of collaborating with our research projects. Community engagement should be viewed as a key component of any local vector control program as well as for any scientific research project related to vector control. Even in the face of budgetary constraints, small efforts in community engagement go a long way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose G Juarez
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ester Carbajal
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Selene Garcia-Luna
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Nga Vuong
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John-Paul Mutebi
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Ryan R Hemme
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR, USA
| | | | - Gabriel L Hamer
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Vincent R, Adhikari B, Duddy C, Richardson E, Wong G, Lavery J, Molyneux S. 'Working relationships' across difference - a realist review of community engagement with malaria research. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:13. [PMID: 37621950 PMCID: PMC10444998 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17192.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Community engagement (CE) is increasingly accepted as a critical aspect of health research, because of its potential to make research more ethical, relevant and well implemented. While CE activities linked to health research have proliferated in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs), and are increasingly described in published literature, there is a lack of conceptual clarity around how engagement is understood to 'work', and the aims and purposes of engagement are varied and often not made explicit. Ultimately, the evidence base for engagement remains underdeveloped. Methods: To develop explanations for how and why CE with health research contributes to the pattern of outcomes observed in published literature , we conducted a realist review of CE with malaria research - a theory driven approach to evidence synthesis. Results: We found that community engagement relies on the development of provisional 'working relationships' across differences, primarily of wealth, power and culture. These relationships are rooted in interactions that are experienced as relatively responsive and respectful, and that bring tangible research related benefits. Contextual factors affecting development of working relationships include the facilitating influence of research organisation commitment to and resources for engagement, and constraining factors linked to the prevailing 'dominant health research paradigm context', such as: differences of wealth and power between research centres and local populations and health systems; histories of colonialism and vertical health interventions; and external funding and control of health research. Conclusions: The development of working relationships contributes to greater acceptance and participation in research by local stakeholders, who are particularly interested in research related access to health care and other benefits. At the same time, such relationships may involve an accommodation of some ethically problematic characteristics of the dominant health research paradigm, and thereby reproduce this paradigm rather than challenge it with a different logic of collaborative partnership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Vincent
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LG, UK
- Robin Vincent Learning and Evaluation Ltd, Sheffield, S89FH, UK
| | - Bipin Adhikari
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LG, UK
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Claire Duddy
- Nuffield Department of Primary Health Care Services, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Emma Richardson
- Health Research, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Geoff Wong
- Nuffield Department of Primary Health Care Services, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - James Lavery
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
- Center for Ethics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Sassy Molyneux
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LG, UK
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) Wellcome Trust Research Programme, University of Oxford, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
| | - The REAL team: Mary Chambers, Phaik Yeong Cheah, Al Davies, Kate Gooding, Dorcas Kamuya, Vicki Marsh, Noni Mumba, Deborah Nyirenda, and Paulina Tindana.
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LG, UK
- Robin Vincent Learning and Evaluation Ltd, Sheffield, S89FH, UK
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Nuffield Department of Primary Health Care Services, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
- Health Research, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
- Center for Ethics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) Wellcome Trust Research Programme, University of Oxford, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
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Ankomah SE, Fusheini A, Derrett S. Barriers and facilitators of Patient-Public Engagement for health system improvement in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic scoping review. HEALTH POLICY OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ankomah SE, Fusheini A, Ballard C, Kumah E, Gurung G, Derrett S. Patient-public engagement strategies for health system improvement in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:1047. [PMID: 34610828 PMCID: PMC8491404 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07085-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Actively involving patients and communities in health decisions can improve both peoples’ health and the health system. One key strategy is Patient-Public Engagement (PPE). This scoping review aims to identify and describe PPE research in Sub-Saharan Africa; systematically map research to theories of PPE; and identify knowledge gaps to inform future research and PPE development. Methods The review followed guidelines for conducting and reporting scoping reviews. A systematic search of peer-reviewed English language literature published between January 1999 and December 2019 was conducted on Scopus, Medline (Ovid), CINAHL and Embase databases. Independent full text screening by three reviewers followed title and abstract screening. Using a thematic framework synthesis, eligible studies were mapped onto an engagement continuum and health system level matrix to assess the current focus of PPE in Sub-Saharan Africa. Results Initially 1948 articles were identified, but 18 from 10 Sub-Saharan African countries were eligible for the final synthesis. Five PPE strategies implemented were: 1) traditional leadership support, 2) community advisory boards, 3) community education and sensitisation, 4) community health volunteers/workers, and 5) embedding PPE within existing community structures. PPE initiatives were located at either the ‘involvement’ or ‘consultation’ stages of the engagement continuum, rather than higher-level engagement. Most PPE studies were at the ‘service design’ level of the health system or were focused on engagement in health research. No identified studies reported investigating PPE at the ‘individual treatment’ or ‘macro policy/strategic’ level. Conclusion This review has successfully identified and evaluated key PPE strategies and their focus on improving health systems in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPE in Sub-Saharan Africa was characterised by tokenism rather than participation. PPE implementation activities are currently concentrated at the ‘service design’ or health research levels. Investigation of PPE at all the health system levels is required, including prioritising patient/community preferences for health system improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Egyakwa Ankomah
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Adam Fusheini
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand. .,Center for Health Literacy and Rural Health Promotion, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Christy Ballard
- Health Sciences Library, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Emmanuel Kumah
- Department of Health Administration and Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana
| | - Gagan Gurung
- Department of General Practice and Rural Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Derrett
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
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Mutero IT, Chimbari MJ. Consulting the Community on Strategies to Strengthen Social Capital for Community Disease Control. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2021; 42:272684X211004939. [PMID: 33752543 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x211004939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Excluding communities in planning and implementing research maximizes internal risks that are otherwise visible and avoidable when there is adequate community consultation. Communities might not meaningfully use research results if majority of the researched people have minimal or no participation in information generation and dissemination. However, effective participation of researched communities in research is key to transferring knowledge to action. Using a qualitative approach, the study identified barriers to, and relevant strategies for improving health research uptake, particularly for schistosomiasis (commonly known as bilharzia) in the Ingwavuma area, uMkhanyakude District of KwaZulu-Natal. Data was collected through modified ethnography using participant observation, focus group discussions, unstructured in-depth interviews, and ethnographic conversational interviews. Results reveal that research uptake is inhibited by reduced opportunities for habitual interaction between residents, a paucity of innovative and inclusive health education activities and unsafe recreational facilities. The community's strategies on strengthening social capital for disease control include using existing social systems and power hierarchies to mobilise and organise and using the performing arts to facilitate habitual interaction and knowledge sharing. The study recommends a community consultation flow which facilitates openness about the benefits and the community's role in research, a pre-condition for community wide efforts in local disease prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent T Mutero
- School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Moses J Chimbari
- School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Tembo D, Hickey G, Montenegro C, Chandler D, Nelson E, Porter K, Dikomitis L, Chambers M, Chimbari M, Mumba N, Beresford P, Ekiikina PO, Musesengwa R, Staniszewska S, Coldham T, Rennard U. Effective engagement and involvement with community stakeholders in the co-production of global health research. BMJ 2021; 372:n178. [PMID: 33593805 PMCID: PMC7879275 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Tembo
- Wessex Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gary Hickey
- Wessex Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- School of Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Cristian Montenegro
- School of Nursing, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Chandler
- The Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Alliance, St Albans, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Erica Nelson
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Katie Porter
- Wessex Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Mary Chambers
- Clinical Research Unit, and Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Vietnam
| | - Moses Chimbari
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Nursing and Public Health, South Africa
| | - Noni Mumba
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Kenya
| | - Peter Beresford
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | | | | | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Medical School, Division of Health Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Tina Coldham
- National Institute for Health Research Centre for Engagement and Dissemination, London, UK
- School for Social Care Research, National Institute Health Research, London, UK
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Nguyen-Viet H, Pham G, Lam S, Pham-Duc P, Dinh-Xuan T, Jing F, Kittayapong P, Adisasmito W, Zinsstag J, Grace D. International, Transdisciplinary, and Ecohealth Action for Sustainable Agriculture in Asia. Front Public Health 2021; 9:592311. [PMID: 33614577 PMCID: PMC7892777 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.592311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainably intensifying agriculture to secure food for people, while minimizing the human, animal, and environmental health impacts is an unprecedented global food security challenge. Action research is needed to understand and mitigate impacts, with Ecosystem approaches to health (Ecohealth) emerging as a promising framework to support such efforts. Yet, few have critically examined the application of Ecohealth principles in an agricultural context, particularly in Southeast Asia where agricultural intensification is rapidly expanding. In this paper, we evaluate the strengths, challenges, and opportunities of agriculture-related Ecohealth projects in low-resource settings of Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, and China, drawing on a case study of the Field Building Leadership Initiative (FBLI). To do this, we used a developmental evaluation framework involving several iterative cycles of document reviews, interviews, focus groups, and outcome harvesting with researchers, partners, and community members involved in FBLI. Results highlight the importance of transdisciplinarity, participation, and knowledge-to-action principles in co-generating knowledge and co-developing practical solutions. Implementing such principles presents challenges in terms of coordinating regional collaborations, managing high workloads, meaningfully engaging communities, and ensuring ongoing monitoring and evaluation. To address these challenges, there is a need to strengthen capacity in integrated approaches to health, improve institutionalization of Ecohealth, foster community engagement, and systematically monitor and evaluate efforts. Ecohealth holds significant promise in improving food security, but only when considerable time is spent developing and implementing projects with communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Nguyen-Viet
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.,Center for Public Health and Ecosystem Research, Hanoi University of Public Health and Vietnam Public Health Association, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang Pham
- Center for Public Health and Ecosystem Research, Hanoi University of Public Health and Vietnam Public Health Association, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Steven Lam
- Independent Research and Evaluation Consultant, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Phuc Pham-Duc
- Center for Public Health and Ecosystem Research, Hanoi University of Public Health and Vietnam Public Health Association, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Fang Jing
- Institute for Health Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Pattamaporn Kittayapong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Mahidol University at Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Wiku Adisasmito
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jakob Zinsstag
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delia Grace
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.,Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, United Kingdom
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Kweku M, Amu H, Awolu A, Adjuik M, Ayanore MA, Manu E, Tarkang EE, Komesuor J, Asalu GA, Aku FY, Kugbey N, Anumu F, Boateng LA, Alornyo JS, Glover R, Letsa T, Bawah AA, Kanlisi NS, Awoonor-Williams JK, Phillips JF, Gyapong JO. Community-Based Health Planning and Services Plus programme in Ghana: A qualitative study with stakeholders in two Systems Learning Districts on improving the implementation of primary health care. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226808. [PMID: 31914122 PMCID: PMC6948830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 1999, Ghana introduced the Community-Based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) as the key primary health care strategy. In this study, we explored the challenges, capacity development priorities, and stakeholder perspectives on improving the CHPS concept as it has been fraught with a myriad of challenges since its inception. Our study is the outcome of the national programme for strengthening the implementation of CHPS Initiative in Ghana (CHPS+) introduced in 2017. METHODS This exploratory research was a qualitative study conducted in two Systems Learning Districts (SLDs) of CHPS+ in the Volta Region of Ghana from March to May, 2018. Four focus group discussions and two general discussions were conducted among 60 CHPS+ stakeholders made up of health workers and community members. Data analyses were conducted using conceptual content analysis. Statements of the participants were presented as quotes to substantiate the views expressed. RESULTS Negative attitude, high attrition, inadequacy and unavailability of health professionals at post when needed were challenges associated with the health professionals. Late referrals, lack of proper community entry and engagement, non-availability of essential logistics, distance of CHPS compounds from communities, and inadequate funding were challenges associated with the health system. Lack of community ownership of the CHPS programme, lack of security at CHPS compounds, and late reporting of cases by the community members were also realised as challenges emanating from the community members. Priority areas for capacity development of health workers identified included logistics management, community entry and engagement, emergency delivery, managing referrals at the CHPS level, and resuscitation of newborns. CONCLUSION Health-worker, community, and health systems-based challenges inhibit the implementation of CHPS in Ghana. Capacity development of health professionals and continuous community engagement are avenues that can improve implementation of the programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Kweku
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Hubert Amu
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Adam Awolu
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Martin Adjuik
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | | | - Emmanuel Manu
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | | | - Joyce Komesuor
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | | | - Fortress Yayra Aku
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Nuworza Kugbey
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Fidelis Anumu
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | | | | | - Roland Glover
- Volta Regional Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, Ho, Ghana
| | - Timothy Letsa
- Volta Regional Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, Ho, Ghana
| | - Ayaga A. Bawah
- Regional Institute of Population Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Nicholas S. Kanlisi
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - James F. Phillips
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - John Owusu Gyapong
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
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Kutywayo A, Yah CS, Naidoo NP, Malotana M, Dyani S, Mullick S. Implementing the Good Participatory Practice Guidelines in the Girls Achieve Power Trial in South Africa. SAGE OPEN 2018; 8:1-12. [PMID: 32983597 PMCID: PMC7473095 DOI: 10.1177/2158244018809149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Good Participatory Practice (GPP) guidelines provide a framework for stakeholder engagement within clinical trials, to ensure a study's acceptability, feasibility, and improving the overall research quality; however, they have rarely been applied beyond this setting, and no literature exists on its application in adolescent research. A review of the 2011 GPP guidelines was undertaken to identify which 16 GPP topic areas could be applied and adapted for implementing an ecological asset building intervention, that is, the Girls Achieve Power (GAP Year) cluster randomized controlled trial for reducing school dropout and increasing reporting of gender-based violence in Gauteng and Western Cape province in South Africa. The 16 GPP topic areas were adapted and implemented to guide stakeholder engagement for GAP Year. We show the usability and adaptability of the GPP framework for guiding stakeholder engagement in non-clinical trials like GAP Year; however it requires adapting to respond to the unique needs of the beneficiaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kutywayo
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - C S Yah
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - N P Naidoo
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M Malotana
- Grassroot Soccer, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Dyani
- Sonke Gender Justice, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - S Mullick
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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14
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Musesengwa R, Chimbari MJ, Mukaratirwa S. A Framework for Community and Stakeholder Engagement: Experiences From a Multicenter Study in Southern Africa. J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2018; 13:323-332. [PMID: 29701110 DOI: 10.1177/1556264618769002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Community and stakeholder engagement (CSE) are central to conducting multicenter health research. Multicenter studies are, however, considerably more complex because they involve a geographically diverse pool of participants and researchers, making uniform application of CSE strategies difficult. This article describes a framework to achieve CSE based on the experiences of a conducting a multicenter study in Southern Africa. The CSE framework is divided into three phases: before research commences, during, and after the study. This CSE framework offers a practical step-by-step guide on the operational aspects of CSE in a multicenter study. The framework shows the importance of consistent monitoring and evaluation during implantation of CSE.
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