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Albahari D. Learning Clinical Reasoning: The Experience of Postgraduate Psychiatry Trainee Doctors in Qatar. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE 2024; 36:323-336. [PMID: 37154482 DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2023.2209076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Phenomenon: As a core competency in medical education, clinical reasoning is a pillar for reducing medical errors and promoting patient safety. Clinical reasoning is a complex phenomenon studied through the lens of multiple theories. Although cognitive psychology theories transformed our understanding of clinical reasoning, the theories fell short of explaining the variations in clinical reasoning influenced by contextual factors. Social cognitive theories propose a dynamic relationship between learners' cognitive process and their social and physical environments. This dynamic relationship highlights the essential role of formal and informal learning environments for learning clinical reasoning. Approach: My research aimed to explore the personal experience of learning clinical reasoning in a sample of postgraduate psychiatry trainee doctors using cognitive psychology and social cognitive theories. A stratified convenience sample of seven psychiatry trainee doctors working in the Mental Health Services in Qatar completed semi-structured interviews in 2020. I analyzed the data manually using theoretical thematic analysis. Findings: I identified three overarching themes with multiple subthemes. The first theme was the hierarchical cultural impact on perceived learning opportunities and learning behavior. The first theme had two subthemes that explored the relationship with team members and the expected hierarchy roles. The second theme was the impact of emotions on the learning and execution of clinical reasoning.The second theme had three subthemes that explored the personal approach to managing emotions related to perceived self-efficacy and professional image. The third theme was characteristics of learning environments and their role in learning clinical reasoning. The last theme included three subthemes that explored stressful, autonomous, and interactive environments. Insights: The results accentuate the complexity of clinical reasoning. Trainees' experience of learning clinical reasoning was influenced by factors not controlled for in the curricula. These factors constitute a hidden curriculum with a significant influence on learning. Our local postgraduate training programmes will benefit from addressing the points raised in this study for effective and culturally sensitive clinical reasoning learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Albahari
- Mental Health Services, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Babu D, Marotti S, Rowett D, Lim R, Wisdom A, Kalisch Ellett L. What is impacting clinical pharmacists' participation in an interprofessional ward round: a thematic analysis of a national survey. J Interprof Care 2024; 38:444-452. [PMID: 38151971 DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2023.2289506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The ward round (WR) is an important opportunity for interprofessional interaction and communication enabling optimal patient care. Pharmacists' participation in the interprofessional WR can reduce adverse drug events and improve medication appropriateness and communication. WR participation by clinical pharmacists in Australia is currently limited. This study aims to explore what is impacting clinical pharmacists' participation in WRs in Australian hospitals. A self-administered, anonymous national survey of Australian clinical pharmacists was conducted. This study describes the outcomes from qualitative questions which were analyzed thematically in NVivo-2020 according to Braun and Clarke's techniques. Five themes were constructed: "Clinical pharmacy service structure", "Ward round structure", "Pharmacist's capabilities", "Culture" and "Value". A culture supportive of pharmacist's contribution with a consistent WR structure and flexible delivery of clinical pharmacy services enabled pharmacists' participation in WR. Being physically "absent" from the WR due to workload, workflow, and self-perception of the need for extensive clinical knowledge can limit opportunities for pharmacists to proactively contribute to medicines decision-making with physicians to improve patient care outcomes. Bidirectional communication between the interprofessional team and the pharmacist, where there is a co-construction of each individual's role in the WR facilitates consistent and inter-dependent collaborations for effective medication management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona Babu
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sally Marotti
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Debra Rowett
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Renly Lim
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alice Wisdom
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa Kalisch Ellett
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Abu-Rish Blakeney E, Baird J, Beaird G, Khan A, Parente VM, O’Brien KD, Zierler BK, O’Leary KJ, Weiner BJ. How and why might interprofessional patient- and family-centered rounds improve outcomes among healthcare teams and hospitalized patients? A conceptual framework informed by scoping and narrative literature review methods. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1275480. [PMID: 37886364 PMCID: PMC10598853 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1275480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor communication within healthcare contributes to inefficiencies, medical errors, conflict, and other adverse outcomes. A promising model to improve outcomes resulting from poor communication in the inpatient hospital setting is Interprofessional Patient- and Family-Centered rounds (IPFCR). IPFCR brings two or more health professions together with hospitalized patients and families as part of a consistent, team-based routine to share information and collaboratively arrive at a daily plan of care. A growing body of literature focuses on implementation and outcomes of IPFCR to improve healthcare quality and team and patient outcomes. Most studies report positive changes following IPFCR implementation. However, conceptual frameworks and theoretical models are lacking in the IPFCR literature and represent a major gap that needs to be addressed to move this field forward. The purpose of this two-part review is to propose a conceptual framework of how IPFCR works. The goal is to articulate a framework that can be tested in subsequent research studies. Published IPFCR literature and relevant theories and frameworks were examined and synthesized to explore how IPFCR works, to situate IPFCR in relation to existing models and frameworks, and to postulate core components and underlying causal mechanisms. A preliminary, context-specific, conceptual framework is proposed illustrating interrelationships between four core components of IPFCR (interprofessional approach, intentional patient and family engagement, rounding structure, shared development of a daily care plan), improvements in communication, and better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Abu-Rish Blakeney
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jennifer Baird
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Genevieve Beaird
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Alisa Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Kevin D. O’Brien
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Brenda K. Zierler
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kevin J. O’Leary
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Bryan J. Weiner
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Berndt LP, Sellin J, Mücke U, Mücke M, Conrad R, Grigull L. Exploring different stakeholders' perspectives on ward rounds in paediatric oncology: a qualitative study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:500. [PMID: 37415144 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONAL/AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Ward rounds are a core routine for interprofessional communication and clinical care planning: Health care professionals and patients meet regularly and it encourages patients to actively participate. In paediatric oncology, the long treatment process, the serious diagnosis, and involvement of both patients and their parents in shared-decision-making require specific ward round skills. Despite its high value for patient-centred care, a universal definition of ward round is lacking. Little is known about attitudes and expectations of different participants towards a 'good' ward round. This study aims to capture experiences and expectations of different stakeholders to better understand ward round needs in paediatric oncology and serve as a basis to improve future ward rounds. METHOD Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients, parents, nurses and medical doctors of a paediatric oncology ward until theoretical saturation (13 interviews). A standardised qualitative analysis using the phenomenological framework defined by Colaizzi was used to identify important aspects in the interviews. RESULTS Three major themes were identified in the interviews: [1] Structure and Organisation; [2] Communication; [3] Education. Further analysis revealed 23 categories and elucidated several opportunities and unmet needs recognized by stakeholders: Ward round functions in comforting families in stressful situations, and relationship building. Interviewees expressed their concerns about missing structures. Families pleaded for smaller ward round teams and layperson language. Health care professionals underscored the lack of ward round training. Paediatric patients stated that ward round scared them without proper explanation. All interviewees emphasized the need for professionalization of the ward round in the setting of paediatric oncology. CONCLUSION This study gives important insights into ward round functions and organisational requirements. It addresses special challenges for ward round participants in paediatric oncology, such as consideration of the emotional aspect of cancer treatment or the limits of shared decision making. Furthermore, this study underscores the great significance of ward rounds in paediatric oncology, with an emphasis on communication and relationship-building. Although performed universally, ward rounds are poorly explored or evaluated. This structured analysis synthesizes important expectations of different WR stakeholders, revealing opportunities of improvement and stressing the need for guidelines, training, and preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea P Berndt
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Sellin
- Institute for Digitalization and General Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Urs Mücke
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Mücke
- Institute for Digitalization and General Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rupert Conrad
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Lorenz Grigull
- University Hospital Bonn, Centre for Rare Diseases, Bonn, Germany.
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Babu D, Rowett D, Lim R, Marotti S, Wisdom A, Ellett LK. Clinical pharmacists' participation in ward rounds in hospitals: responses from a national survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2023:7161614. [PMID: 37178018 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The inclusion of clinical pharmacists in ward rounds (WRs) can reduce adverse drug events, improve communication and enable collaborative decision-making. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of and factors that influence WR participation by clinical pharmacists in Australia. METHODS An online administered, anonymous survey of clinical pharmacists in Australia was conducted. The survey was open to pharmacists aged ≥18 years, who had worked in an Australian hospital in a clinical role in the previous two weeks. It was distributed via The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia and on pharmacist-specific social media threads. Survey questions related to the extent of WR participation and factors that influence WR participation. Cross-tabulation analysis was conducted to determine whether there was an association between WR participation and factors that influence WR participation. KEY FINDINGS Ninety-nine responses were included. The level of WR participation by clinical pharmacists in Australian hospitals was low, with only 26/67 (39%) pharmacists who had a WR in their clinical unit actually attending the WR in the previous 2 weeks. Factors that influenced WR participation included having recognition of the role of the clinical pharmacist within the WR team, support from pharmacy management and the broader interprofessional team, and having adequate time and expectation from pharmacy management and colleagues to participate in WRs. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the need for ongoing interventions such as restructuring workflows and increasing the awareness of the role of a clinical pharmacist in WR to increase participation of pharmacists in this interprofessional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona Babu
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Debra Rowett
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Renly Lim
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sally Marotti
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Kalisch Ellett
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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Treloar EC, Ting YY, Kovoor JG, Ey JD, Reid JL, Maddern GJ. Can Checklists Solve Our Ward Round Woes? A Systematic Review. World J Surg 2022; 46:2355-2364. [PMID: 35781840 PMCID: PMC9436887 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-022-06635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate and thorough surgical ward round documentation is crucial for maintaining quality clinical care. Accordingly, checklists have been proposed to improve ward round documentation. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the literature investigating the use of checklists to improve surgical ward round documentation. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched on August 16, 2021. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed in duplicate. We included English studies that investigated the use of checklists during ward rounds in various surgical subspecialties compared to routine care, where the rates of documentation were reported as outcomes. We excluded studies that used checklists in outpatient, non-surgical, or pediatric settings. Due to heterogeneity of outcome measures, meta-analysis was precluded. This study was registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021273735) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 (PRISMA 2020) reporting guidelines. RESULTS A total of 206 studies were identified, only 9 were suitable for inclusion. All included studies were single-center observational studies, spanning across seven surgical specialties. Rates of documentation on 4-23 parameters were reported. Documentation for all measured outcomes improved in 8/9 studies; however, statistical analyses were not included. There was a high risk of bias due to the nature of observational studies. CONCLUSION Ward round checklists can serve as a useful tool to improve inpatient care and safety. Currently, there is no high-level evidence showing the effectiveness of checklists on ward round documentation. The synthesis of results indicates that further high-quality research is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie C Treloar
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,Discipline of Surgery, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - Ying Yang Ting
- Discipline of Surgery, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - Joshua G Kovoor
- Discipline of Surgery, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - Jesse D Ey
- Discipline of Surgery, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - Jessica L Reid
- Discipline of Surgery, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - Guy J Maddern
- Discipline of Surgery, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia.
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Bell CL, Allan JL, Ross S, Powell DJH, Johnston DW. How can we better prepare new doctors for the tasks and challenges of ward rounds?: An observational study of junior doctors' experiences. MEDICAL TEACHER 2021; 43:1294-1301. [PMID: 34224286 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2021.1940912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ward rounds play a crucial role in the delivery of patient care in inpatient settings, but involve a complex mix of tasks, skills and challenges for junior doctors to negotiate. This study informs the development of high-quality training by identifying the activities that junior doctors perform, and those associated with stress during real-life ward rounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS All activities performed by FY1 doctors (n = 60) over 2 ward rounds were coded in real-time by a trained observer using the work observation method by activity timing (WOMBAT). Doctors' heart rate was continuously recorded and non-metabolic peaks in heart rate used as a physiological indicator of stress. RESULTS During ward rounds, FY1 doctors commonly engaged in indirect patient care, professional communication, documentation and observation. Very little time was spent on direct patient care (6%) or explicit supervision/education (0.01%). Heart rate data indicated that stress was highest during administrative tasks while interacting directly with patients while stepping out of rounds to complete personal tasks, when answering bleeps and while multi-tasking. CONCLUSIONS Training that specifically covers the activities involved, skills required, and challenges inherent in real-life ward rounds may better prepare FY doctors for this complex area of practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L Bell
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Julia L Allan
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Sarah Ross
- NHS Tayside/School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Daniel J H Powell
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Derek W Johnston
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Hugo JFM, Maimela TCR, Janse van Rensburg MNS, Heese J, Nakazwa CE, Marcus TS. The three-stage assessment to support hospital-home care coordination in Tshwane, South Africa. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med 2020; 12:e1-e10. [PMID: 32634020 PMCID: PMC7433246 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In complex health settings, care coordination is required to link patients to appropriate and effective care. Although articulated as system and professional values, coordination and cooperation are often absent within and across levels of service, between facilities and across sectors, with negative consequences for clinical outcomes as well as service load. Aim This article presents the results of an applied research initiative to facilitate the coordination of patient care. Setting The study took place at three hospitals in the sub-district 3 public health complex (Tshwane district). Method Using a novel capability approach to learning, interdisciplinary, clinician-led teams made weekly coordination-of-care ward rounds to develop patient-centred plans and facilitate care pathways for patients identified as being stuck in the system. Notes taken during three-stage assessments were analysed thematically to gain insight into down referral and discharge. Results The coordination-of-care team assessed 94 patients over a period of six months. Clinical assessments yielded essential details about patients’ varied and multimorbid conditions, while personal and contextual assessments highlighted issues that put patients’ care needs and possibilities into perspective. The team used the combined assessments to make patient-tailored action plans and apply them by facilitating cooperation through interprofessional and intersectoral networks. Conclusion Effective patient care-coordination involves a set of referral practices and processes that are intentionally organised by clinically led, interprofessional teams. Empowered by richly informed plans, the teams foster cooperation among people, organisations and institutions in networks that extend from and to patients. In so doing, they embed care coordination into the discharge process and make referral to a link-to-care service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannie F M Hugo
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Tshwane COPC Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Tshwane.
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Guzinski C, Lopes ANM, Flor J, Migliavaca J, Tortato C, Pai DD. Good practices for effective communication: the experience of the interdisciplinary round in orthopedic surgery. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2019; 40:e20180353. [PMID: 31038609 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2019.20180353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the experience of interdisciplinary round in care of patients with proximal femoral fractures hospitalized in a surgical unit. METHOD Report on the experience of clinical discussion shared by the multiprofessional team in a surgical hospitalization unit of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre referred to in orthopedics, from October 2017 to June 2018. RESULTS Six steps were systematized sequenced to be followed during a weekly with time optimization and patient focus. New approaches were agreed upon based on scientific evidence and multiprofessional vision, with repercussions on prevention of pressure injury, dressing, removal of urethral catheter, nutritional support and early organization of hospital discharge. CONCLUSION The implementation of the structured interdisciplinary round has had positive implications for effective communication, reducing risks and failures in the care process, and can be considered good practice regarding patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Guzinski
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Grupo de Enfermagem. Serviço de Enfermagem Cirúrgica. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Alexandra Nogueira Mello Lopes
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Grupo de Enfermagem. Serviço de Enfermagem Cirúrgica. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Janaina Flor
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Grupo de Enfermagem. Serviço de Enfermagem Cirúrgica. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Jamile Migliavaca
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Grupo de Enfermagem. Serviço de Enfermagem Cirúrgica. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Caroline Tortato
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Serviço de Farmácia. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Daiane Dal Pai
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Departamento de Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica (DEMC). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem (PPGENF/UFRGS). Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Abstract
Ward rounds are a highly important forum for collaborative medical reasoning. Despite being prevalent for over a century, they are under-researched. In particular, no clear and comprehensive statement of the purpose of ward rounds exists in the literature. This letter provides such a statement. Having the purpose of ward rounds clearly described helps to provide a foundation for evaluating the effectiveness of rounds and suggesting ways in which rounds can be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Perversi
- Deakin University, Burwood Campus, Melbourne, Australia.
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