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Luo Z, Lei Y, Zeng L, Chen X, Liu S, Zhang Q. Iodine-131 intervention in hyperthyroidism with hepatic insufficiency: Metabolomic evaluation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116300. [PMID: 38430629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism, often accompanied by hepatic insufficiency (HI), poses significant clinical challenges, highlighting the necessity for identifying optimal treatment strategies and early diagnostic biomarkers to improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to determine the optimal iodine-131 (131I) intervention dose for alleviating hyperthyroidism with HI and to identify serum metabolic biomarkers for early diagnosis using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS technology. A mouse model for early 131I intervention was established to monitor changes in physiological response, body weight, fur condition, thyroid, and liver function. Metabolite identification was achieved through UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and further analyzed via MetaboAnalyst. Six biomarkers were identified and subjected to ROC analysis. Early intervention with 80 μCi 131I per gram of thyroid tissue effectively controlled hyperthyroidism and improved liver function. Metabolomics analysis uncovered 63 differentially abundant metabolites, six of which (L-kynurenine, Taurochenodesoxycholic acid, Glycocholic acid, Phytosphingosine, Tryptamine, and Betaine) were identified as early warning biomarkers. Post-intervention, these biomarkers progressively returned to normal levels. This study demonstrates the efficacy of UPLC-Q/TOF-MS in identifying metabolic biomarkers for early diagnosis of hyperthyroidism with HI and highlights the therapeutic potential of early 131I intervention in normalizing these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Yangyang Lei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Lingpeng Zeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Xuezhong Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Shaozheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
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2
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Jansen HI, van Haeringen M, Bouva MJ, den Elzen WPJ, Bruinstroop E, van der Ploeg CPB, van Trotsenburg ASP, Zwaveling-Soonawala N, Heijboer AC, Bosch AM, de Jonge R, Hoogendoorn M, Boelen A. Optimizing the Dutch newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism by incorporating amino acids and acylcarnitines in a machine learning-based model. Eur Thyroid J 2023; 12:e230141. [PMID: 37855424 PMCID: PMC10692681 DOI: 10.1530/etj-23-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is an inborn thyroid hormone (TH) deficiency mostly caused by thyroidal (primary CH) or hypothalamic/pituitary (central CH) disturbances. Most CH newborn screening (NBS) programs are thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH) based, thereby only detecting primary CH. The Dutch NBS is based on measuring total thyroxine (T4) from dried blood spots, aiming to detect primary and central CH at the cost of more false-positive referrals (FPRs) (positive predictive value (PPV) of 21% in 2007-2017). An artificial PPV of 26% was yielded when using a machine learning-based model on the adjusted dataset described based on the Dutch CH NBS. Recently, amino acids (AAs) and acylcarnitines (ACs) have been shown to be associated with TH concentration. We therefore aimed to investigate whether AAs and ACs measured during NBS can contribute to better performance of the CH screening in the Netherlands by using a revised machine learning-based model. Methods Dutch NBS data between 2007 and 2017 (CH screening results, AAs and ACs) from 1079 FPRs, 515 newborns with primary (431) and central CH (84) and data from 1842 healthy controls were used. A random forest model including these data was developed. Results The random forest model with an artificial sensitivity of 100% yielded a PPV of 48% and AUROC of 0.99. Besides T4 and TSH, tyrosine, and succinylacetone were the main parameters contributing to the model's performance. Conclusions The PPV improved significantly (26-48%) by adding several AAs and ACs to our machine learning-based model, suggesting that adding these parameters benefits the current algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen I Jansen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marije van Haeringen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marelle J Bouva
- Reference Laboratory Neonatal Screening, Center for Health protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy P J den Elzen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory Specialized Diagnostics & Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline Bruinstroop
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - A S Paul van Trotsenburg
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nitash Zwaveling-Soonawala
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annet M Bosch
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Disorders, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert de Jonge
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Hoogendoorn
- Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Boelen
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Raho EM, Antonioni A, Cotta Ramusino N, Jubea D, Gragnaniello D, Franceschetti P, Penitenti F, Daniele A, Zatelli MC, Naccarato M, Traluci I, Pugliatti M, Padroni M. Cerebral Venous Thrombosis during Thyrotoxicosis: Case Report and Literature Update. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1557. [PMID: 38003871 PMCID: PMC10672691 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare cause of stroke, particularly in young adults. Several known thrombophilic conditions may lead to an increased CVT risk. Interestingly, few cases in the literature have reported an association between CVT and thyrotoxicosis. Here, we describe the case of a young woman with CVT and concomitant thyrotoxicosis, without any other known prothrombotic conditions. We also performed a literature review of CVT cases and hyperthyroidism, searching for all articles published in peer-reviewed journals. We identified 39 case reports/case series concerning patients with CVT associated with thyrotoxicosis, highlighting, in most cases, the association with additional known prothrombotic factors. We then discussed the possible mechanisms by which hyperthyroidism could underlie a pro-coagulative state resulting in CVT. Thyroid disease might be a more common prothrombotic risk factor than expected in determining CVT. However, in most cases, a coexistence of multiple risk factors was observed, suggesting a multifactorial genesis of the disorder. We hope that this work may alert clinicians to consider thyrotoxicosis as a potential risk factor for CVT, even in patients who apparently have no other pro-coagulative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Maria Raho
- Unit of Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Annibale Antonioni
- Unit of Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.R.); (A.A.)
- Doctoral Program in Translational Neurosciences and Neurotechnologies, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Niccolò Cotta Ramusino
- Unit of Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Dina Jubea
- Unit of Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Daniela Gragnaniello
- Neurology Unit, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, Ferrara University Hospital, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Franceschetti
- Section of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Penitenti
- Section of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea Daniele
- Section of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Zatelli
- Section of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Traluci
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ferrara University Hospital, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maura Pugliatti
- Unit of Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Marina Padroni
- Neurology Unit, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, Ferrara University Hospital, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
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Alteration of Serum Proteome in Levo-Thyroxine-Euthyroid Thyroidectomized Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061676. [PMID: 35330001 PMCID: PMC8951767 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The monotherapy with levo-thyroxine (LT4) is the treatment of choice for patients with hypothyroidism after thyroidectomy. However, many athyreotic LT4-treated patients with thyroid hormones in the physiological range experience hypothyroid-like symptoms, showing post-operative, statistically significant lower FT3 levels with respect to that before total thyroidectomy. Since we hypothesized that the lower plasmatic FT3 levels observed in this subgroup could be associated with tissue hypothyroidism, here we compared, by a preliminary proteomic analysis, eight sera of patients with reduced post-surgical FT3 to eight sera from patients with FT3 levels similar to pre-surgery levels, and six healthy controls. Proteomic analysis highlights a different serum protein profile among the considered conditions. By enrichment analysis, differential proteins are involved in coagulation processes (PLMN-1.61, -1.98 in reduced vs. stable FT3, p < 0.02; A1AT fragmentation), complement system activation (CFAH + 1.83, CFAB + 1.5, C1Qb + 1.6, C1S + 7.79 in reduced vs. stable FT3, p < 0.01) and in lipoprotein particles remodeling (APOAI fragmentation; APOAIV + 2.13, p < 0.003), potentially leading to a pro-inflammatory response. This study suggests that LT4 replacement therapy might restore biochemical euthyroid conditions in thyroidectomized patients, but in some cases without re-establishing body tissue euthyroidism. Since our results, this condition is reflected by the serum protein profile.
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Setoyama D, Lee HY, Moon JS, Tian J, Kang YE, Lee JH, Shong M, Kang D, Yi H. Immunometabolic signatures predict recovery from thyrotoxic myopathy in patients with Graves' disease. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:355-367. [PMID: 34970859 PMCID: PMC8818593 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormone excess induces protein energy wasting, which in turn promotes muscle weakness and bone loss in patients with Graves' disease. Although most studies have confirmed a relationship between thyrotoxicosis and muscle dysfunction, few have measured changes in plasma metabolites and immune cells during the development and recovery from thyrotoxic myopathy. The aim of this study was to identify specific plasma metabolites and T-cell subsets that predict thyrotoxic myopathy recovery in patients with Graves' disease. METHODS One hundred patients (mean age, 40.0 ± 14.2 years; 67.0% female), with newly diagnosed or relapsed Graves' disease were enrolled at the start of methimazole treatment. Handgrip strength and Five Times Sit to Stand Test performance time were measured at Weeks 0, 12, and 24. In an additional 35 patients (mean age, 38.9 ± 13.5 years; 65.7% female), plasma metabolites and immunophenotypes of peripheral blood were evaluated at Weeks 0 and 12, and the results of a short physical performance battery assessment were recorded at the same time. RESULTS In both patient groups, methimazole-induced euthyroidism was associated with improved handgrip strength and lower limb muscle function at 12 weeks. Elevated plasma metabolites including acylcarnitines were restored to normal levels at Week 12 regardless of gender, body mass index, or age (P trend <0.01). Senescent CD8+ CD28- CD57+ T-cell levels in peripheral blood were positively correlated with acylcarnitine levels (P < 0.05) and decreased during thyrotoxicosis recovery (P < 0.05). High levels of senescent CD8+ T cells at Week 0 were significantly associated with small increases in handgrip strength after 12 weeks of methimazole treatment (P < 0.05), but not statistically associated with Five Times Sit to Stand Test performance. CONCLUSIONS Restoring euthyroidism in Graves' disease patients was associated with improved skeletal muscle function and performance, while thyroid hormone-associated changes in plasma acylcarnitines levels correlated with muscle dysfunction recovery. T-cell senescence-related systemic inflammation correlated with plasma acylcarnitine levels and was also associated with small increases in handgrip strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hyon‐Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
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Shao D, Huang L, Wang Y, Cui X, Li Y, Wang Y, Ma Q, Du W, Cui J. HBFP: a new repository for human body fluid proteome. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2021; 2021:6395039. [PMID: 34642750 PMCID: PMC8516408 DOI: 10.1093/database/baab065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Body fluid proteome has been intensively studied as a primary source for disease
biomarker discovery. Using advanced proteomics technologies, early research
success has resulted in increasingly accumulated proteins detected in different
body fluids, among which many are promising biomarkers. However, despite a
handful of small-scale and specific data resources, current research is clearly
lacking effort compiling published body fluid proteins into a centralized and
sustainable repository that can provide users with systematic analytic tools. In
this study, we developed a new database of human body fluid proteome (HBFP) that
focuses on experimentally validated proteome in 17 types of human body fluids.
The current database archives 11 827 unique proteins reported by 164
scientific publications, with a maximal false discovery rate of 0.01 on both the
peptide and protein levels since 2001, and enables users to query, analyze and
download protein entries with respect to each body fluid. Three unique features
of this new system include the following: (i) the protein annotation page
includes detailed abundance information based on relative qualitative measures
of peptides reported in the original references, (ii) a new score is calculated
on each reported protein to indicate the discovery confidence and (iii) HBFP
catalogs 7354 proteins with at least two non-nested uniquely mapping peptides of
nine amino acids according to the Human Proteome Project Data Interpretation
Guidelines, while the remaining 4473 proteins have more than two unique peptides
without given sequence information. As an important resource for human protein
secretome, we anticipate that this new HBFP database can be a powerful tool that
facilitates research in clinical proteomics and biomarker discovery. Database URL:https://bmbl.bmi.osumc.edu/HBFP/
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shao
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 122E Avery Hall, 1144 T St., Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.,Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.,Department of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, 6543 Weixing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xueteng Cui
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, 6543 Weixing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, 6543 Weixing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 310G Lincoln tower, 1800 cannon drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Juan Cui
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 122E Avery Hall, 1144 T St., Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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Reel PS, Reel S, Pearson E, Trucco E, Jefferson E. Using machine learning approaches for multi-omics data analysis: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107739. [PMID: 33794304 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With the development of modern high-throughput omic measurement platforms, it has become essential for biomedical studies to undertake an integrative (combined) approach to fully utilise these data to gain insights into biological systems. Data from various omics sources such as genetics, proteomics, and metabolomics can be integrated to unravel the intricate working of systems biology using machine learning-based predictive algorithms. Machine learning methods offer novel techniques to integrate and analyse the various omics data enabling the discovery of new biomarkers. These biomarkers have the potential to help in accurate disease prediction, patient stratification and delivery of precision medicine. This review paper explores different integrative machine learning methods which have been used to provide an in-depth understanding of biological systems during normal physiological functioning and in the presence of a disease. It provides insight and recommendations for interdisciplinary professionals who envisage employing machine learning skills in multi-omics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parminder S Reel
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Smarti Reel
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan Pearson
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Emanuele Trucco
- VAMPIRE project, Computing, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Jefferson
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
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Bomann W, Tinwell H, Jenkinson P, Kluxen FM. Metribuzin-induced non-adverse liver changes result in rodent-specific non-adverse thyroid effects via uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT, UGT) modulation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 122:104884. [PMID: 33596450 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Metribuzin is a herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis and has been used for over 40 years. Its main target organ is the liver and to some extent the kidney in rats, dogs, and rabbits. Metribuzin shows a specific thyroxine (T4) profile in rat studies with T4 increases at low doses and T4 decreases at higher doses. Only the T4 decreases occur together with histopathological changes in the thyroid and weight changes of liver and thyroid. A set of experiments was conducted to investigate metribuzin's endocrine disruptor potential according to European guidance and regulations. The results indicate that a liver enzyme modulation, i.e. of the uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT, UGT), is most likely responsible for both increased and decreased plasma thyroxine level and for thyroid histopathological observations. Animals with high T4 levels show low UGT activity, while animals with low T4 levels show high UGT activity. A causal relationship was inferred, since other potentially human-relevant mode of action (MOA) pathways were excluded in dedicated studies, i.e. inhibition of deiodinases (DIO), inhibition of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) or of the sodium importer system (NIS). This liver metabolism-associated MOA is considered not relevant for human hazard assessment, due to species differences in thyroid homeostasis between humans and rats and, more importantly, based on experimental data showing that metribuzin affects UGT activity in rat but not in human hepatocytes. Further, we discuss whether or not increased T4 levels in the rat, in the absence of histopathological changes, should be considered as adverse and therefore used as an appropriate hazard model for humans. Based on a weight of evidence approach, metribuzin should not be classified as an endocrine disruptor with regard to the thyroid modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Bomann
- Toxconsult, 9393 W 110th Street, 51 Corporate Woods, Suite 500, Overland Park, KS, 66210, USA.
| | - Helen Tinwell
- Bayer.SAS, 16 rue Jean-Marie Leclair, 69009, Lyon, France
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Huang L, Shao D, Wang Y, Cui X, Li Y, Chen Q, Cui J. Human body-fluid proteome: quantitative profiling and computational prediction. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:315-333. [PMID: 32020158 PMCID: PMC7820883 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Empowered by the advancement of high-throughput bio technologies, recent research on body-fluid proteomes has led to the discoveries of numerous novel disease biomarkers and therapeutic drugs. In the meantime, a tremendous progress in disclosing the body-fluid proteomes was made, resulting in a collection of over 15 000 different proteins detected in major human body fluids. However, common challenges remain with current proteomics technologies about how to effectively handle the large variety of protein modifications in those fluids. To this end, computational effort utilizing statistical and machine-learning approaches has shown early successes in identifying biomarker proteins in specific human diseases. In this article, we first summarized the experimental progresses using a combination of conventional and high-throughput technologies, along with the major discoveries, and focused on current research status of 16 types of body-fluid proteins. Next, the emerging computational work on protein prediction based on support vector machine, ranking algorithm, and protein-protein interaction network were also surveyed, followed by algorithm and application discussion. At last, we discuss additional critical concerns about these topics and close the review by providing future perspectives especially toward the realization of clinical disease biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Jilin University
| | - Dan Shao
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Jilin University
- College of Computer Science and Technology in Changchun University
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Jilin University
| | - Xueteng Cui
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Changchun University
| | - Yufei Li
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Changchun University
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Jilin University
| | - Juan Cui
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering in the University of Nebraska-Lincoln
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Proteomics in thyroid cancer and other thyroid-related diseases: A review of the literature. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Sarandi E, Thanasoula M, Anamaterou C, Papakonstantinou E, Geraci F, Papamichael MM, Itsiopoulos C, Tsoukalas D. Metabolic profiling of organic and fatty acids in chronic and autoimmune diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 101:169-229. [PMID: 33706889 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful tool of omics that permits the simultaneous identification of metabolic perturbations in several autoimmune and chronic diseases. Several parameters can affect a metabolic profile, from the population characteristics to the selection of the analytical method. In the current chapter, we summarize the main analytical methods and results of the metabolic profiling of fatty and organic acids performed in human metabolomic studies for asthma, COPD, psoriasis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We discuss the most significant metabolic alterations associated with these diseases, after comparison of either a single patient's group with healthy controls or several patient's subgroups of different disease severity and phenotype with healthy controls or of a patient's group before and after treatment. Finally, we present critical metabolic patterns that are associated with each disease and their potency for the unraveling of disease pathogenesis, prediction, diagnosis, patient stratification and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Geraci
- European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Michelle Papamichael
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy.
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Plasma-Based Proteomics Profiling of Patients with Hyperthyroidism after Antithyroid Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122831. [PMID: 32575434 PMCID: PMC7356574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones critically modulate body homeostasis and haemostasis by regulating energy and metabolism. Previous studies have focused on individual pathways or proteins that are affected by increases in thyroid hormone levels, while an overall plasma proteomic signature of this increased level is lacking. Herein, an integrated untargeted proteomic approach with network analysis was used to identify changes in circulating proteins in the plasma proteome between hyperthyroid and euthyroid states. Plasma from 10 age-matched subjects at baseline (hyperthyroid) and post treatment with carbimazole (euthyroid) was compared by difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 20 proteins were identified with significant difference in abundance (analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, p ≤ 0.05; fold-change ≥ 1.5) between the two states (12 increased and 8 decreased in abundance in the hyperthyroid state). Twelve protein spots corresponding to ten unique proteins were significantly more abundant in the hyperthyroid state compared with the euthyroid state. These increased proteins were haptoglobin (HP), hemopexin (HPX), clusterin (CLU), apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), alpha-1-B glycoprotein (A1BG), fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG), Ig alpha-1 chain C region (IGHA1), complement C6 (C6), leucine rich alpha 2 glycoprotein (LRG1), and carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain (CPN1). Eight protein spots corresponding to six unique proteins were significantly decreased in abundance in the hyperthyroid samples compared with euthyroid samples. These decreased proteins were apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4), plasminogen (PLG), alpha-1 antitrypsin (SERPINA1), fibrinogen beta chain (FGB), and complement C1r subcomponent (C1R). The differentially abundant proteins were investigated by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). The network pathway identified related to infectious disease, inflammatory disease, organismal injury and abnormalities, and the connectivity map focused around two central nodes, namely the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. The plasma proteome of patients with hyperthyroidism revealed differences in the abundance of proteins involved in acute phase response signaling, and development of a hypercoagulable and hypofibrinolytic state. Our findings enhance our existing knowledge of the altered proteins and associated biochemical pathways in hyperthyroidism.
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Friedrich N, Pietzner M, Engelmann B, Homuth G, Führer D, Brabant G, Wallaschofski H, Völker U. Screening for New Markers to Assess Thyroid Hormone Action by OMICs
Analysis of Human Samples. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2020; 128:479-487. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1144-2636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTDetermination of the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free
thyroid hormones (fTHs) is crucial for assessing thyroid function. However,
as a result of inter-individual genetic variability and different
environmental factors individual set points exist for TSH and fTHs and
display considerable variation. Furthermore, under specific
pathophysiological conditions like central hypothyroidism, TSH secreting
pituitary tumors, or thyroid hormone resistance the established markers TSH
and fTH fail to reliably predict thyroid function and adequate supply of TH
to peripheral organs. Even in case of overt hyper- and hypothyroidism
circulating fTH concentrations do not correlate with clinical symptoms.
Therefore, there is a clear need for novel, more specific biomarkers to
diagnose and monitor thyroid function. OMICs screening approaches allow
parallel profiling of hundreds to thousands of molecules and thus
comprehensive monitoring of molecular alterations in tissues and body fluids
that might be associated with changes in thyroid function. These techniques
thus constitute promising tools for the identification of urgently needed
novel biomarkers. This mini review summarizes the findings of OMICs studies
in thyroid research with a particular focus on population-based and patient
studies as well as interventional approaches investigating the effects of
thyroid hormone administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University
Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University
Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University
Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University
Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dagmar Führer
- Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University
Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Georg Brabant
- Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck,
Germany
| | - Henri Wallaschofski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University
Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Praxis für Endokrinologie, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University
Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Nock S, Johann K, Harder L, Wirth EK, Renko K, Hoefig CS, Kracke V, Hackler J, Engelmann B, Rauner M, Köhrle J, Schomburg L, Homuth G, Völker U, Brabant G, Mittag J. CD5L Constitutes a Novel Biomarker for Integrated Hepatic Thyroid Hormone Action. Thyroid 2020; 30:908-923. [PMID: 32183611 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pathological conditions of the thyroid hormone (TH) system are routinely diagnosed by using serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH), which is sufficient in most cases. However, in certain conditions, such as resistance to TH due to mutations in THRB (RTHb) or TSH-releasing pituitary adenoma (TSHoma), TSH may be insufficient for a correct diagnosis, even in combination with serum TH concentrations. Likewise, under TH replacement therapy, these parameters can be misleading and do not always allow optimal treatment. Hence, additional biomarkers to assess challenging clinical conditions would be highly beneficial. Methods: Data from untargeted multi-omics analyses of plasma samples from experimental thyrotoxicosis in human and mouse were exploited to identify proteins that might represent possible biomarkers of TH function. Subsequent mouse studies were used to identify the tissue of origin and the involvement of the two different TH receptors (TR). For in-depth characterization of the underlying cellular mechanisms, primary mouse cells were used. Results: The analysis of the plasma proteome data sets revealed 16 plasma proteins that were concordantly differentially abundant under thyroxine treatment compared with euthyroid controls across the two species. These originated predominantly from liver, spleen, and bone. Independent studies in a clinical cohort and different mouse models identified CD5L as the most robust putative biomarker under different serum TH states and treatment periods. In vitro studies revealed that CD5L originates from proinflammatory M1 macrophages, which are similar to liver-residing Kupffer cells, and is regulated by an indirect mechanism requiring the secretion of a yet unknown factor from hepatocytes. In agreement with the role of TRα1 in immune cells and the TRβ-dependent hepatocyte-derived signaling, the in vivo regulation of Cd5l expression depended on both TR isoforms. Conclusion: Our results identify several novel targets of TH action in serum, with CD5L as the most robust marker. Although further studies will be needed to validate the specificity of these targets, CD5L seems to be a promising candidate to assess TH action in hepatocyte-macrophage crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Nock
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kornelia Johann
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lisbeth Harder
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Eva Katrin Wirth
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechselmedizin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Kostja Renko
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin S Hoefig
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanessa Kracke
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julian Hackler
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Department of Medicine III; Technische Universität Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Brabant
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens Mittag
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Rosique C, Lebsir D, Benatia S, Guigon P, Caire-Maurisier F, Benderitter M, Souidi M, Martin JC. Metabolomics evaluation of repeated administration of potassium iodide on adult male rats. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:803-812. [PMID: 32047979 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02666-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The long-lasting consequence of a new iodine thyroid blocking strategy (ITB) to be used in case of nuclear accident is evaluated in male Wistar rats using a metabolomics approach applied 30 days after ITB completion. The design used 1 mg/kg/day of KI over 8 days. Thyroid hormones remained unchanged, but there was a metabolic shift measured mainly in thyroid then in plasma and urine. In the thyroid, tyrosine metabolism associated to catecholamine metabolism was more clearly impacted than thyroid hormones pathway. It was accompanied by a peripheral metabolic shift including metabolic regulators, branched-chain amino acids, oxidant stress and inflammation-associated response. Our results suggested that iodide intake can impact gut microbiota metabolism, which was related to host metabolic regulations including in the thyroid. As there were no clear clinical signs of dysfunction or toxicity, we concluded that the measured metabolomics response to the new ITB strategy, especially in thyroid, is unlikely to reveal a pathological condition but a shift towards a new adaptive homeostatic state, called 'allostatic regulation'. The question now is whether or not the shift is permanent and if so at what cost for long-term health. We anticipate our data as a start point for further regulatory toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Rosique
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, BioMeT, Marseille, France
| | - Dalila Lebsir
- Institut de Radioprotection Et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Pierre Guigon
- Pharmacie Centrale Des Armées, 45404, Fleury-les-Aubrais Cedex, France
| | | | - Marc Benderitter
- Institut de Radioprotection Et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Maâmar Souidi
- Institut de Radioprotection Et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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16
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Pietzner M, Köhrle J, Lehmphul I, Budde K, Kastenmüller G, Brabant G, Völzke H, Artati A, Adamski J, Völker U, Nauck M, Friedrich N, Homuth G. A Thyroid Hormone-Independent Molecular Fingerprint of 3,5-Diiodothyronine Suggests a Strong Relationship with Coffee Metabolism in Humans. Thyroid 2019; 29:1743-1754. [PMID: 31571530 PMCID: PMC6918876 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: In numerous studies based predominantly on rodent models, administration of 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (3,5-T2), a metabolite of the thyroid hormones (TH) thyroxine (T4) and triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), was reported to cause beneficial health effects, including reversal of steatohepatosis and prevention of insulin resistance, in most instances without adverse thyrotoxic side effects. However, the empirical evidence concerning the physiological relevance of endogenously produced 3,5-T2 in humans is comparatively poor. Therefore, to improve the understanding of 3,5-T2-related metabolic processes, we performed a comprehensive metabolomic study relating serum 3,5-T2 concentrations to plasma and urine metabolite levels within a large general population sample. Methods: Serum 3,5-T2 concentrations were determined for 856 participants of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania-TREND (SHIP-TREND). Plasma and urine metabolome data were generated using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, allowing quantification of 613 and 578 metabolites in plasma and urine, respectively. To detect thyroid function-independent significant 3,5-T2-metabolite associations, linear regression analyses controlling for major confounders, including thyrotropin and free T4, were performed. The same analyses were carried out using a sample of 16 male healthy volunteers treated for 8 weeks with 250 μg/day levothyroxine to induce thyrotoxicosis. Results: The specific molecular fingerprint of 3,5-T2 comprised 15 and 73 significantly associated metabolites in plasma and urine, respectively. Serum 3,5-T2 concentrations were neither associated with classical thyroid function parameters nor altered during experimental thyrotoxicosis. Strikingly, many metabolites related to coffee metabolism, including caffeine and paraxanthine, formed the clearest positively associated molecular signature. Importantly, these associations were replicated in the experimental human thyrotoxicosis model. Conclusion: The molecular fingerprint of 3,5-T2 demonstrates a clear and strong positive association of the serum levels of this TH metabolite with plasma levels of compounds indicating coffee consumption, therefore pointing to the liver as an organ, the metabolism of which is strongly affected by coffee. Furthermore, 3,5-T2 serum concentrations were found not to be directly TH dependent. Considering the beneficial health effects of 3,5-T2 administration observed in animal models and those of coffee consumption demonstrated in large epidemiological studies, one might speculate that coffee-stimulated hepatic 3,5-T2 production or accumulation represents an important molecular link in this connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Address correspondence to: Maik Pietzner, PhD, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ina Lehmphul
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrin Budde
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Georg Brabant
- Medical Clinic I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Artati
- Research Unit of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Research Unit of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Georg Homuth, PhD, Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
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Nock S, Höfig C, Harder L, Schomburg L, Brabant G, Mittag J. Unraveling the Molecular Basis for Successful Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy: The Need for New Thyroid Tissue- and Pathway-Specific Biomarkers. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 128:473-478. [PMID: 31590191 DOI: 10.1055/a-1012-8484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid function is conventionally assessed by measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free circulating thyroid hormones, which is in most cases sufficient for correct diagnosis and monitoring of treatment efficiency. However, several conditions exist, in which these parameters may be insufficient or even misleading. For instance, both, a TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma and a mutation of thyroid hormone receptor β present with high levels of TSH and circulating hormones, but the optimal treatment is substantially different. Likewise, changes in thyroid hormone receptor α signaling are not captured by routine assessment of thyroid status, as serum parameters are usually inconspicuous. Therefore, new biomarkers are urgently needed to improve the diagnostic management and monitor treatment efficiency for e. g., replacement therapy in hypothyroidism or thyroid hormone resistance. By comparing animal models to human data, the present minireview summarizes the status of this search for new tissue- and pathway-specific biomarkers of thyroid hormone action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Nock
- Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Carolin Höfig
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité -Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisbeth Harder
- Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité -Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Brabant
- Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens Mittag
- Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
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18
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Nagel A, Michalik S, Debarbouille M, Hertlein T, Gesell Salazar M, Rath H, Msadek T, Ohlsen K, van Dijl JM, Völker U, Mäder U. Inhibition of Rho Activity Increases Expression of SaeRS-Dependent Virulence Factor Genes in Staphylococcus aureus, Showing a Link between Transcription Termination, Antibiotic Action, and Virulence. mBio 2018; 9:e01332-18. [PMID: 30228237 PMCID: PMC6143737 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01332-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes various diseases ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening infections. Adaptation to the different host niches is controlled by a complex network of transcriptional regulators. Global profiling of condition-dependent transcription revealed adaptation of S. aureus HG001 at the levels of transcription initiation and termination. In particular, deletion of the gene encoding the Rho transcription termination factor triggered a remarkable overall increase in antisense transcription and gene expression changes attributable to indirect regulatory effects. The goal of the present study was a detailed comparative analysis of S. aureus HG001 and its isogenic rho deletion mutant. Proteome analysis revealed significant differences in cellular and extracellular protein profiles, most notably increased amounts of the proteins belonging to the SaeR regulon in the Rho-deficient strain. The SaeRS two-component system acts as a major regulator of virulence gene expression in staphylococci. Higher levels of SaeRS-dependent virulence factors such as adhesins, toxins, and immune evasion proteins in the rho mutant resulted in higher virulence in a murine bacteremia model, which was alleviated in a rho complemented strain. Inhibition of Rho activity by bicyclomycin, a specific inhibitor of Rho activity, also induced the expression of SaeRS-dependent genes, at both the mRNA and protein levels, to the same extent as observed in the rho mutant. Taken together, these findings indicate that activation of the Sae system in the absence of Rho is directly linked to Rho's transcription termination activity and establish a new link between antibiotic action and virulence gene expression in S. aureusIMPORTANCE The major human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is a widespread commensal bacterium but also the most common cause of nosocomial infections. It adapts to the different host niches through a complex gene regulatory network. We show here that the Rho transcription termination factor, which represses pervasive antisense transcription in various bacteria, including S. aureus, plays a role in controlling SaeRS-dependent virulence gene expression. A Rho-deficient strain produces larger amounts of secreted virulence factors in vitro and shows increased virulence in mice. We also show that treatment of S. aureus with the antibiotic bicyclomycin, which inhibits Rho activity and is effective against Gram-negative bacteria, induces the same changes in the proteome as observed in the Rho-deficient strain. Our results reveal for the first time a link between transcription termination and virulence regulation in S. aureus, which implies a novel mechanism by which an antibiotic can modulate the expression of virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nagel
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan Michalik
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michel Debarbouille
- Biology of Gram-Positive Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur and CNRS ERL 3526, Paris, France
| | - Tobias Hertlein
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Gesell Salazar
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hermann Rath
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tarek Msadek
- Biology of Gram-Positive Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur and CNRS ERL 3526, Paris, France
| | - Knut Ohlsen
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ulrike Mäder
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Pietzner M, Kacprowski T, Friedrich N. Empowering thyroid hormone research in human subjects using OMICs technologies. J Endocrinol 2018; 238:R13-R29. [PMID: 29724864 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OMICs subsume different physiological layers including the genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. Recent advances in analytical techniques allow for the exhaustive determination of biomolecules in all OMICs levels from less invasive human specimens such as blood and urine. Investigating OMICs in deeply characterized population-based or experimental studies has led to seminal improvement of our understanding of genetic determinants of thyroid function, identified putative thyroid hormone target genes and thyroid hormone-induced shifts in the plasma protein and metabolite content. Consequently, plasma biomolecules have been suggested as surrogates of tissue-specific action of thyroid hormones. This review provides a brief introduction to OMICs in thyroid research with a particular focus on metabolomics studies in humans elucidating the important role of thyroid hormones for whole body metabolism in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineUniversity Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Chair of Experimental BioinformaticsTUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineUniversity Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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20
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Zhang L, Masetti G, Colucci G, Salvi M, Covelli D, Eckstein A, Kaiser U, Draman MS, Muller I, Ludgate M, Lucini L, Biscarini F. Combining micro-RNA and protein sequencing to detect robust biomarkers for Graves' disease and orbitopathy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8386. [PMID: 29849043 PMCID: PMC5976672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graves’ Disease (GD) is an autoimmune condition in which thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TRAB) mimic thyroid-stimulating hormone function causing hyperthyroidism. 5% of GD patients develop inflammatory Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) characterized by proptosis and attendant sight problems. A major challenge is to identify which GD patients are most likely to develop GO and has relied on TRAB measurement. We screened sera/plasma from 14 GD, 19 GO and 13 healthy controls using high-throughput proteomics and miRNA sequencing (Illumina’s HiSeq2000 and Agilent-6550 Funnel quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry) to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis evaluation. Euclidean distances and differential expression (DE) based on miRNA and protein quantification were analysed by multidimensional scaling (MDS) and multinomial regression respectively. We detected 3025 miRNAs and 1886 proteins and MDS revealed good separation of the 3 groups. Biomarkers were identified by combined DE and Lasso-penalized predictive models; accuracy of predictions was 0.86 (±0:18), and 5 miRNA and 20 proteins were found including Zonulin, Alpha-2 macroglobulin, Beta-2 glycoprotein 1 and Fibronectin. Functional analysis identified relevant metabolic pathways, including hippo signaling, bacterial invasion of epithelial cells and mRNA surveillance. Proteomic and miRNA analyses, combined with robust bioinformatics, identified circulating biomarkers applicable to diagnose GD, predict GO disease status and optimize patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff, UK
| | - Giulia Masetti
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff, UK.,Parco Tecnologico Padano, Bioinformatics Unit, Lodi, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Colucci
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Salvi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Danila Covelli
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Anja Eckstein
- University Hospital Essen/University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Ophthalmology, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kaiser
- University Hospital Essen/University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Ophthalmology, Essen, Germany
| | - Mohd Shazli Draman
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ilaria Muller
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marian Ludgate
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff, UK
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department for Sustainable food process, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Filippo Biscarini
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff, UK. .,CNR (National Council for Research), Institute of Biology and Biotechnology in Agriculture (IBBA), Milan, Italy.
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21
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Davis PJ, Mousa SA, Schechter GP. New Interfaces of Thyroid Hormone Actions With Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2018; 24:1014-1019. [PMID: 29742907 PMCID: PMC6714741 DOI: 10.1177/1076029618774150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial clinical evidence indicates hyperthyroidism enhances coagulation and increases the risk of thrombosis. In vitro and clinical evidence implicate multiple mechanisms for this risk. Genomic actions of thyroid hormone as 3,5,3′-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) via a nuclear thyroid hormone receptor have been implicated, but recent evidence shows that nongenomic mechanisms initiated at the receptor for L-thyroxine (T4) on platelet integrin αvβ3 are prothrombotic. The T4-initiated mechanisms involve platelet activation and, in addition, cellular production of cytokines and chemokines such as CX3CL1 with procoagulatory activities. These procoagulant actions of T4 are particulary of note because within cells T4 is not seen to be functional, but to be only a prohormone for T3. Finally, it is also possible that thyroid hormone stimulates platelet-endothelial cell interaction involved in local thrombus generation. In this brief review, we survey mechanisms by which thyroid hormone is involved in coagulation and platelet functions. It is suggested that the threshold should be lowered for considering the possibility that clinically significant clotting may complicate hyperthyroidism. The value of routine measurement of partial thromboplastin time or circulating D-dimer in patients with hyperthyroid or in patients treated with thyrotropin-suppressing dosage of T4 requires clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Davis
- 1 Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,2 Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- 1 Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Geraldine P Schechter
- 3 Hematology Section, Medical Service, Washington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,4 Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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22
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Lange T, Budde K, Homuth G, Kastenmüller G, Artati A, Krumsiek J, Völzke H, Adamski J, Petersmann A, Völker U, Nauck M, Friedrich N, Pietzner M. Comprehensive Metabolic Profiling Reveals a Lipid-Rich Fingerprint of Free Thyroxine Far Beyond Classic Parameters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:2050-2060. [PMID: 29546278 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid hormones are ubiquitously involved in human metabolism. However, the precise molecular patterns associated with alterations in thyroid hormones levels remain to be explored in detail. A number of recent studies took great advantage of metabolomics profiling to outline the metabolic actions of thyroid hormones in humans. METHODS Among 952 participants in the Study of Health in Pomerania, data on serum free thyroxine (FT4) and thyrotropin and comprehensive nontargeted metabolomics data from plasma and urine samples were available. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between FT4 or thyrotropin and metabolite levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION After accounting for major confounders, 106 of 613 plasma metabolites were significantly associated with FT4. The associations in urine were minor (12 of 587). Most of the plasma metabolites consisted of lipid species, and subsequent analysis of highly resolved lipoprotein subclasses measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed a consistent decrease in several of these species (e.g., phospholipids) and large low-density lipoprotein and small high-density lipoprotein particles. The latter was unique to men. Several polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids displayed an association with FT4 in women only. A random forest-based variable selection approach using phenotypic characteristics revealed higher alcohol intake in men and an adverse thyroid state and menopause in women as the putative mediating factors. In general, our observations have confirmed the lipolytic and lipogenic effect of thyroid hormones even in the physiological range and revealed different phenotypic characteristics (e.g., lifestyle differences) as possible confounders for sex-specific findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lange
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kathrin Budde
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Artati
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan Krumsiek
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Astrid Petersmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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23
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Lewis KN, Rubinstein ND, Buffenstein R. A window into extreme longevity; the circulating metabolomic signature of the naked mole-rat, a mammal that shows negligible senescence. GeroScience 2018; 40:105-121. [PMID: 29679203 PMCID: PMC5964061 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-018-0014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse-sized naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber), unlike other mammals, do not conform to Gompertzian laws of age-related mortality; adults show no age-related change in mortality risk. Moreover, we observe negligible hallmarks of aging with well-maintained physiological and molecular functions, commonly altered with age in other species. We questioned whether naked mole-rats, living an order of magnitude longer than laboratory mice, exhibit different plasma metabolite profiles, which could then highlight novel mechanisms or targets involved in disease and longevity. Using a comprehensive, unbiased metabolomics screen, we observe striking inter-species differences in amino acid, peptide, and lipid metabolites. Low circulating levels of specific amino acids, particularly those linked to the methionine pathway, resemble those observed during the fasting period at late torpor in hibernating ground squirrels and those seen in longer-lived methionine-restricted rats. These data also concur with metabolome reports on long-lived mutant mice, including the Ames dwarf mice and calorically restricted mice, as well as fruit flies, and even show similarities to circulating metabolite differences observed in young human adults when compared to older humans. During evolution, some of these beneficial nutrient/stress response pathways may have been positively selected in the naked mole-rat. These observations suggest that interventions that modify the aging metabolomic profile to a more youthful one may enable people to lead healthier and longer lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn N Lewis
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, 1170 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, 94080, USA
| | - Nimrod D Rubinstein
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, 1170 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, 94080, USA
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24
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Kim MJ, Cho SW, Choi S, Ju DL, Park DJ, Park YJ. Changes in Body Compositions and Basal Metabolic Rates during Treatment of Graves' Disease. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:9863050. [PMID: 29853888 PMCID: PMC5960571 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9863050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Because thyroid hormone is an important determinant of body weight and basal metabolic rate, we investigated the changes in the basal metabolic rate and body composition sequentially after treatment for Graves' disease. METHODS A prospective cohort study was performed with six women newly diagnosed with Graves' disease. During a 52-week treatment of methimazole, body composition, resting respiratory expenditure (REE), and handgrip strength were measured consecutively. RESULTS After methimazole treatment, body weight was initially increased (0-8 weeks), subsequently plateaued (8-24 weeks), and gradually decreased in the later period (24-52 weeks) despite the decreased food intake. The measured REE was 40% higher than the predicted REE at baseline, and it gradually decreased after treatment. REE positively correlated with thyroid hormone levels, peripheral deiodinase activity, and thyroid's secretory capacity. Body compositional analyses showed that the fat mass increased during an earlier period (4-12 weeks), while the lean mass increased significantly during the later period (26-52 weeks). Consistent with the lean mass changes, muscle strength also significantly increased during the later period. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of Graves' disease increased body weight and fat mass transiently with decreased REE. However, long-term compositional changes moved in a beneficial direction increasing lean mass and reinforcing muscle strength, following decreasing fat percentages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Choi
- Department of Food Service and Nutrition Care, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dal Lae Ju
- Department of Food Service and Nutrition Care, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Joon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Alfadda AA, Benabdelkamel H, Masood A, Jammah AA, Ekhzaimy AA. Differences in the Plasma Proteome of Patients with Hypothyroidism before and after Thyroid Hormone Replacement: A Proteomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010088. [PMID: 29301248 PMCID: PMC5796038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone is a potent stimulator of metabolism, playing a critical role in regulating energy expenditure and in key physiological mechanisms, such as growth and development. Although administration of thyroid hormone in the form of levo thyroxine (l-thyroxine) has been used to treat hypothyroidism for many years, the precise molecular basis of its physiological actions remains uncertain. Our objective was to define the changes in circulating protein levels that characterize alterations in thyroid hormone status. To do this, an integrated untargeted proteomic approach with network analysis was used. This study included 10 age-matched subjects with newly diagnosed overt hypothyroidism. Blood was collected from subjects at baseline and at intervals post-treatment with l-thyroxine until they reached to euthyroid levels. Plasma protein levels were compared by two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) pre- and post-treatment. Twenty differentially expressed protein spots were detected. Thirteen were identified, and were found to be unique protein sequences by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Ten proteins were more abundant in the hypothyroid vs. euthyroid state: complement C2, serotransferrin, complement C3, Ig κ chain C region, α-1-antichymotrypsin, complement C4-A, haptoglobin, fibrinogen α chain, apolipoprotein A-I, and Ig α-1 chain C region. Three proteins were decreased in abundance in the hypothyroid vs. euthyroid state: complement factor H, paraneoplastic antigen-like protein 6A, and α-2-macroglobulin. The differentially abundant proteins were investigated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to reveal their associations with known biological functions. Their connectivity map included interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) as central nodes and the pathway identified with the highest score was involved in neurological disease, psychological disorders, and cellular movement. The comparison of the plasma proteome between the hypothyroid vs euthyroid states revealed differences in the abundance of proteins involved in regulating the acute phase response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assim A Alfadda
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (38), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hicham Benabdelkamel
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Afshan Masood
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Anwar A Jammah
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (38), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aishah A Ekhzaimy
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (38), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
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Massolt ET, Meima ME, Swagemakers SMA, Leeuwenburgh S, van den Hout-van Vroonhoven MCGM, Brigante G, Kam BLR, van der Spek PJ, van IJcken WFJ, Visser TJ, Peeters RP, Visser WE. Thyroid State Regulates Gene Expression in Human Whole Blood. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:169-178. [PMID: 29069456 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite the well-recognized clinical features resulting from insufficient or excessive thyroid hormone (TH) levels in humans, it is largely unknown which genes are regulated by TH in human tissues. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of TH on human gene expression profiles in whole blood, mainly consisting of T3 receptor (TR) α-expressing cells. METHODS We performed next-generation RNA sequencing on whole blood samples from eight athyroid patients (four females) on and after 4 weeks off levothyroxine replacement. Gene expression changes were analyzed through paired differential expression analysis and confirmed in a validation cohort. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to identify thyroid state-related networks. RESULTS We detected 486 differentially expressed genes (fold-change >1.5; multiple testing corrected P value < 0.05), of which 76% were positively and 24% were negatively regulated. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that three biological processes were significantly overrepresented, of which the process translational elongation showed the highest fold enrichment (7.3-fold, P = 1.8 × 10-6). WGCNA analysis independently identified various gene clusters that correlated with thyroid state. Further GO analysis suggested that thyroid state affects platelet function. CONCLUSIONS Changes in thyroid state regulate numerous genes in human whole blood, predominantly TRα-expressing leukocytes. In addition, TH may regulate gene transcripts in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elske T Massolt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel E Meima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Selmar Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Giulia Brigante
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Boen L R Kam
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Theo J Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Edward Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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27
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Piras C, Arisci N, Poddighe S, Liggi S, Mariotti S, Atzori L. Metabolomic profile in hyperthyroid patients before and after antithyroid drug treatment: Correlation with thyroid hormone and TSH concentration. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 93:119-128. [PMID: 28782601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism (HT) is characterized by an intense metabolic impact which affects the lipid, carbohydrate and amino acids metabolism, with increased resting energy expenditure and thermogenesis. Metabolomics is a new comprehensive technique that allows to capture an instant metabolic picture of an organism, reflecting peculiar molecular and pathophysiological states. The aim of the present prospective study was to identify a distinct metabolomic profile in HT patients using 1H NMR spectroscopy before and after antithyroid drug treatment. This prospective study included 15 patients (10 female, 5 male) who were newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism. A nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) based analysis was performed on plasma samples from the same patients at diagnosis (HypT0) and when they achieved euthyroidism (HypT1). The case groups were compared with a control group of 26 healthy volunteers (C). Multivariate statistical analysis was performed with Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). PLS-DA identified a distinct metabolic profile between C and untreated hyperthyroid patients (R2X 0.638, R2Y 0.932, Q2 0.783). Interestingly, a significant difference was also found between C and euthyroid patients after treatment (R2X 0.510, R2Y 0.838, Q2 0.607), while similar cluster emerged comparing HypT0vs HypT1 patients. This study shows that metabolomic profile is deeply influenced by hyperthyroidism and this alteration persists after normalization of thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroid hormone (FT3, FT4) concentration. This suggests that TSH, FT3 and FT4 assays may not be insufficient to detect long lasting peripheral effects of the thyroid hormones action. Further studies are needed to clarify whether and to what extent the evaluation of metabolomics profile may provide relevant information in the clinical management of hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Piras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Nicolò Arisci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Simone Poddighe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sonia Liggi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Mariotti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Atzori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
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