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Du M, Liu M, Wang Y, Qin C, Liu J. Global burden of sleep disturbances among older adults and the disparities by geographical regions and pandemic periods. SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101588. [PMID: 38225953 PMCID: PMC10788304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among older adults. We aimed to evaluate sleep heath during COVID-19 pandemic and assess the differences among geographical regions and pandemic periods. We searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) to find articles up to March 12, 2023. We included observational studies that reported the prevalence of sleep disturbances among adults aged 60 years or older in any setting. Two researchers independently reviewed the literature and retrieved the data. We used Der Simonian-Laird random effects meta-analyses to pool the data, followed by subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression. A total of 64 studies with 181,224 older adults during the pandemic were included. The prevalence of poor sleep quality, short sleep duration, long sleep duration, and insomnia symptoms were 47.12% (95% CI: 25.97%, 68.27%), 40.81% (95% CI: 18.49%, 63.12%), 31.61% (95% CI: 24.83%, 38.38%), and 21.15% (95% CI: 15.30%, 27.00%), respectively. The prevalence of sleep problems reported by self-constructed items was 26.97% (95% CI: 20.73%, 33.22%). When compared to America (64.13%), Europe (20.23%) and the Western Pacific (21.31%) showed a lower prevalence of sleep problems (all P < 0.0001). The prevalence of worsened sleep problems was 27.88% (95% CI: 11.94%, 43.82%). Compared to 2020 (15.14%), it increased to 47.42% in 2021 (P < 0.05). Eight studies on sleep disturbances among 672 older COVID-19 patients were included. The prevalence of sleep problems and insomnia symptoms among older COVID-19 patients were 41.58% (95% CI: 21.97%, 61.20%) and 41.56% (95% CI: 28.11%, 58.02%), respectively. A significant burden related to poor sleep has been observed among older adults worldwide over the past three years, with variations across different regions and time periods. It is important to make more efforts in prevention and intervention to identify the risk factors, treatment, and rehabilitation of sleep disturbances for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyuan Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, No.5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
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Jacques Wels, Booth C, Wielgoszewska B, Green MJ, Di Gessa G, Huggins CF, Griffith GJ, Kwong ASF, Bowyer RCE, Maddock J, Patalay P, Silverwood RJ, Fitzsimons E, Shaw R, Thompson EJ, Steptoe A, Hughes A, Chaturvedi N, Steves CJ, Katikireddi SV, Ploubidis GB. Mental and social wellbeing and the UK coronavirus job retention scheme: Evidence from nine longitudinal studies. Soc Sci Med 2022; 308:115226. [PMID: 35932537 PMCID: PMC9296227 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to major economic disruptions. In March 2020, the UK implemented the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme - known as furlough - to minimize the impact of job losses. We investigate associations between change in employment status and mental and social wellbeing during the early stages of the pandemic. METHODS Data were from 25,670 respondents, aged 17-66, across nine UK longitudinal studies. Furlough and other employment changes were defined using employment status pre-pandemic and during the first lockdown (April-June 2020). Mental and social wellbeing outcomes included psychological distress, life satisfaction, self-rated health, social contact, and loneliness. Study-specific modified Poisson regression estimates, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and pre-pandemic mental and social wellbeing, were pooled using meta-analysis. Associations were also stratified by sex, age, education, and household composition. RESULTS Compared to those who remained working, furloughed workers were at greater risk of psychological distress (adjusted risk ratio, ARR = 1.12; 95%CI: 0.97, 1.29), low life satisfaction (ARR = 1.14; 95%CI: 1.07, 1.22), loneliness (ARR = 1.12; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.23), and poor self-rated health (ARR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.05, 1.50). Nevertheless, compared to furloughed workers, those who became unemployed had greater risk of psychological distress (ARR = 1.30; 95%CI: 1.12, 1.52), low life satisfaction (ARR = 1.16; 95%CI: 0.98, 1.38), and loneliness (ARR = 1.67; 95%CI: 1.08, 2.59). Effects were not uniform across all sub-groups. CONCLUSIONS During the early stages of the pandemic, those furloughed had increased risk of poor mental and social wellbeing, but furloughed workers fared better than those who became unemployed, suggesting that furlough may have partly mitigated poorer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Wels
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, UK.
| | - Charlotte Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Bożena Wielgoszewska
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Giorgio Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, UK
| | | | | | - Alex S F Kwong
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Ruth C E Bowyer
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | - Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, UK; Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Emla Fitzsimons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Richard Shaw
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Ellen J Thompson
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, UK
| | - Alun Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, UK
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | | | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
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Wielgoszewska B, Booth C, Green MJ, Hamilton OK, Wels J. Association between home working and mental health by key worker status during the Covid-19 pandemic. Evidence from four British longitudinal studies. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2022; 60:345-359. [PMID: 35584949 PMCID: PMC9453552 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2022-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the relationship between homeworking and mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic and how it might differ by keyworker status. To understand this relationship, we use longitudinal data collected over three time points during the pandemic from three British cohort studies born in 1958 (National Child Development Study), 1970 (British Cohort Study) and 1989-90 (Next Step) as well as from a population-based study stratified by four age groups (Understanding Society). We estimate the association between life satisfaction, anxiety, depression, and psychological distress and homeworking by key worker status using mixed effects models with maximum likelihood estimation to account for repeated measurements across the pandemic, allowing intercepts to vary across individuals after controlling for a set of covariates including pre-pandemic home working propensities and loneliness. Results show that key workers working from home showed the greatest decline in mental health outcomes relative to other groups. Pre-pandemic homeworking did not significantly change the nature of such a relationship and loneliness slightly attenuated some of the effects. Finally, mental health outcomes varied across age-groups and time points. The discussion emphasises the need to pay attention to key workers when assessing the relationship between mental health and homeworking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Wielgoszewska
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS), University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS), University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Olivia Kl Hamilton
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jacques Wels
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, United Kingdom
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Wielgoszewska B, Maddock J, Green MJ, Di Gessa G, Parsons S, Griffith GJ, Croft J, Stevenson AJ, Booth C, Silverwood RJ, Bann D, Patalay P, Hughes AD, Chaturvedi N, Howe LD, Fitzsimons E, Katikireddi SV, Ploubidis GB. Correction: The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys. BMC Med 2022; 20:285. [PMID: 35907837 PMCID: PMC9338472 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Wielgoszewska
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Giorgio Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gareth J Griffith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jazz Croft
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charlotte Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - David Bann
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.,MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alun D Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Laura D Howe
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emla Fitzsimons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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