1
|
Gadd DA, Hillary RF, McCartney DL, Zaghlool SB, Stevenson AJ, Cheng Y, Fawns-Ritchie C, Nangle C, Campbell A, Flaig R, Harris SE, Walker RM, Shi L, Tucker-Drob EM, Gieger C, Peters A, Waldenberger M, Graumann J, McRae AF, Deary IJ, Porteous DJ, Hayward C, Visscher PM, Cox SR, Evans KL, McIntosh AM, Suhre K, Marioni RE. Correction: Epigenetic scores for the circulating proteome as tools for disease prediction. eLife 2023; 12:e94481. [PMID: 37982710 PMCID: PMC10659577 DOI: 10.7554/elife.94481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
|
2
|
Tzioras M, Daniels MJD, Davies C, Baxter P, King D, McKay S, Varga B, Popovic K, Hernandez M, Stevenson AJ, Barrington J, Drinkwater E, Borella J, Holloway RK, Tulloch J, Moss J, Latta C, Kandasamy J, Sokol D, Smith C, Miron VE, Káradóttir RT, Hardingham GE, Henstridge CM, Brennan PM, McColl BW, Spires-Jones TL. Human astrocytes and microglia show augmented ingestion of synapses in Alzheimer's disease via MFG-E8. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101175. [PMID: 37652017 PMCID: PMC10518633 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Synapse loss correlates with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Data from mouse models suggests microglia are important for synapse degeneration, but direct human evidence for any glial involvement in synapse removal in human AD remains to be established. Here we observe astrocytes and microglia from human brains contain greater amounts of synaptic protein in AD compared with non-disease controls, and that proximity to amyloid-β plaques and the APOE4 risk gene exacerbate this effect. In culture, mouse and human astrocytes and primary mouse and human microglia phagocytose AD patient-derived synapses more than synapses from controls. Inhibiting interactions of MFG-E8 rescues the elevated engulfment of AD synapses by astrocytes and microglia without affecting control synapse uptake. Thus, AD promotes increased synapse ingestion by human glial cells at least in part via an MFG-E8 opsonophagocytic mechanism with potential for targeted therapeutic manipulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makis Tzioras
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Michael J D Daniels
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Caitlin Davies
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Paul Baxter
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Declan King
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Sean McKay
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Balazs Varga
- Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Karla Popovic
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Madison Hernandez
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Jack Barrington
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Elizabeth Drinkwater
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Julia Borella
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Rebecca K Holloway
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jane Tulloch
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Jonathan Moss
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; The Roslin Institute, the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Clare Latta
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Jothy Kandasamy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Drahoslav Sokol
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Veronique E Miron
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Barlo Multiple Sclerosis Centre at St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | | | - Giles E Hardingham
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | | | - Paul M Brennan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Barry W McColl
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Conole ELS, Vaher K, Cabez MB, Sullivan G, Stevenson AJ, Hall J, Murphy L, Thrippleton MJ, Quigley AJ, Bastin ME, Miron VE, Whalley HC, Marioni RE, Boardman JP, Cox SR. Immuno-epigenetic signature derived in saliva associates with the encephalopathy of prematurity and perinatal inflammatory disorders. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 110:322-338. [PMID: 36948324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is closely associated with a phenotype that includes brain dysmaturation and neurocognitive impairment, commonly termed Encephalopathy of Prematurity (EoP), of which systemic inflammation is considered a key driver. DNA methylation (DNAm) signatures of inflammation from peripheral blood associate with poor brain imaging outcomes in adult cohorts. However, the robustness of DNAm inflammatory scores in infancy, their relation to comorbidities of preterm birth characterised by inflammation, neonatal neuroimaging metrics of EoP, and saliva cross-tissue applicability are unknown. METHODS Using salivary DNAm from 258 neonates (n = 155 preterm, gestational age at birth 23.28 - 34.84 weeks, n = 103 term, gestational age at birth 37.00 - 42.14 weeks), we investigated the impact of a DNAm surrogate for C-reactive protein (DNAm CRP) on brain structure and other clinically defined inflammatory exposures. We assessed i) if DNAm CRP estimates varied between preterm infants at term equivalent age and term infants, ii) how DNAm CRP related to different types of inflammatory exposure (maternal, fetal and postnatal) and iii) whether elevated DNAm CRP associated with poorer measures of neonatal brain volume and white matter connectivity. RESULTS Higher DNAm CRP was linked to preterm status (-0.0107 ± 0.0008, compared with -0.0118 ± 0.0006 among term infants; p < 0.001), as well as perinatal inflammatory diseases, including histologic chorioamnionitis, sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and necrotising enterocolitis (OR range |2.00 | to |4.71|, p < 0.01). Preterm infants with higher DNAm CRP scores had lower brain volume in deep grey matter, white matter, and hippocampi and amygdalae (β range |0.185| to |0.218|). No such associations were observed for term infants. Association magnitudes were largest for measures of white matter microstructure among preterms, where elevated epigenetic inflammation associated with poorer global measures of white matter integrity (β range |0.206| to |0.371|), independent of other confounding exposures. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory-related DNAm captures the allostatic load of inflammatory burden in preterm infants. Such DNAm measures complement biological and clinical metrics when investigating the determinants of neurodevelopmental differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor L S Conole
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK.
| | - Kadi Vaher
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Manuel Blesa Cabez
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Gemma Sullivan
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jill Hall
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Lee Murphy
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Michael J Thrippleton
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alan J Quigley
- Imaging Department, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mark E Bastin
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Veronique E Miron
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - James P Boardman
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stevenson AJ, McCartney DL, Gadd DA, Shireby G, Hillary RF, King D, Tzioras M, Wrobel N, McCafferty S, Murphy L, McColl BW, Redmond P, Taylor AM, Harris SE, Russ TC, McIntosh AM, Mill J, Smith C, Deary IJ, Cox SR, Marioni RE, Spires‐Jones TL. A comparison of blood and brain-derived ageing and inflammation-related DNA methylation signatures and their association with microglial burdens. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5637-5649. [PMID: 35362642 PMCID: PMC9525452 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and ageing-related DNA methylation patterns in the blood have been linked to a variety of morbidities, including cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease. However, it is unclear how these blood-based patterns relate to patterns within the brain and how each associates with central cellular profiles. In this study, we profiled DNA methylation in both the blood and in five post mortem brain regions (BA17, BA20/21, BA24, BA46 and hippocampus) in 14 individuals from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Microglial burdens were additionally quantified in the same brain regions. DNA methylation signatures of five epigenetic ageing biomarkers ('epigenetic clocks'), and two inflammatory biomarkers (methylation proxies for C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were compared across tissues and regions. Divergent associations between the inflammation and ageing signatures in the blood and brain were identified, depending on region assessed. Four out of the five assessed epigenetic age acceleration measures were found to be highest in the hippocampus (β range = 0.83-1.14, p ≤ 0.02). The inflammation-related DNA methylation signatures showed no clear variation across brain regions. Reactive microglial burdens were found to be highest in the hippocampus (β = 1.32, p = 5 × 10-4 ); however, the only association identified between the blood- and brain-based methylation signatures and microglia was a significant positive association with acceleration of one epigenetic clock (termed DNAm PhenoAge) averaged over all five brain regions (β = 0.40, p = 0.002). This work highlights a potential vulnerability of the hippocampus to epigenetic ageing and provides preliminary evidence of a relationship between DNA methylation signatures in the brain and differences in microglial burdens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Daniel L. McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Danni A. Gadd
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Gemma Shireby
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Robert F. Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Declan King
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Makis Tzioras
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Nicola Wrobel
- Edinburgh Clinical Research FacilityWestern General HospitalEdinburghUK
| | - Sarah McCafferty
- Edinburgh Clinical Research FacilityWestern General HospitalEdinburghUK
| | - Lee Murphy
- Edinburgh Clinical Research FacilityWestern General HospitalEdinburghUK
| | - Barry W. McColl
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Paul Redmond
- Lothian Birth CohortsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Sarah E. Harris
- Lothian Birth CohortsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Tom C. Russ
- Lothian Birth CohortsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, 7 George SquareUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Division of PsychiatryUniversity of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghUK
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Division of PsychiatryUniversity of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghUK
| | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Colin Smith
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Lothian Birth CohortsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Simon R. Cox
- Lothian Birth CohortsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Riccardo E. Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Lothian Birth CohortsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Tara L. Spires‐Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Maddock J, Parsons S, Di Gessa G, Green MJ, Thompson EJ, Stevenson AJ, Kwong AS, McElroy E, Santorelli G, Silverwood RJ, Captur G, Chaturvedi N, Steves CJ, Steptoe A, Patalay P, Ploubidis GB, Katikireddi SV. Inequalities in healthcare disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from 12 UK population-based longitudinal studies. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064981. [PMID: 36229151 PMCID: PMC9561494 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated associations between multiple sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, occupational social class, education and ethnicity) and self-reported healthcare disruptions during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Coordinated analysis of prospective population surveys. SETTING Community-dwelling participants in the UK between April 2020 and January 2021. PARTICIPANTS Over 68 000 participants from 12 longitudinal studies. OUTCOMES Self-reported healthcare disruption to medication access, procedures and appointments. RESULTS Prevalence of healthcare disruption varied substantially across studies: between 6% and 32% reported any disruption, with 1%-10% experiencing disruptions in medication, 1%-17% experiencing disruption in procedures and 4%-28% experiencing disruption in clinical appointments. Females (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.40; I2=54%), older persons (eg, OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.72; I2=77% for 65-75 years vs 45-54 years) and ethnic minorities (excluding white minorities) (OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.35; I2=0% vs white) were more likely to report healthcare disruptions. Those in a more disadvantaged social class were also more likely to report healthcare disruptions (eg, OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.27; I2=0% for manual/routine vs managerial/professional), but no clear differences were observed by education. We did not find evidence that these associations differed by shielding status. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic could contribute to the maintenance or widening of existing health inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UCL, London, UK
| | - Sam Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | | | - Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ellen J Thompson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course & Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alex Sf Kwong
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Eoin McElroy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course & Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UCL, London, UK
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Green MJ, Maddock J, Di Gessa G, Wielgoszewska B, Parsons S, Griffith GJ, Croft J, Stevenson AJ, Huggins CF, Booth C, Wels J, Silverwood RJ, Patalay P, Hughes AD, Chaturvedi N, Howe LD, Fitzsimons E, Katikireddi SV, Ploubidis GB. The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and smoking, alcohol consumption and vaping during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys. BMC Med 2022; 20:345. [PMID: 36127702 PMCID: PMC9489267 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02511-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employment disruptions can impact smoking and alcohol consumption. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries implemented furlough schemes to prevent job loss. We examine how furlough was associated with smoking, vaping and alcohol consumption in the UK. METHODS Data from 27,841 participants in eight UK adult longitudinal surveys were analysed. Participants self-reported employment status and current smoking, current vaping and alcohol consumption (>4 days/week or 5+ drinks per typical occasion) both before and during the early stages of the pandemic (April-July 2020). Risk ratios were estimated within each study using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for a range of potential confounders, including pre-pandemic behaviour. Findings were synthesised using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Compared to stable employment and after adjustment for pre-pandemic characteristics, furlough was not associated with smoking (ARR = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.95-1.16; I2: 10%), vaping (ARR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.74-1.08; I2: 0%) or drinking (ARR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.94-1.13; I2: 48%). There were similar findings for no longer being employed, and stable unemployment, though this varied by sex: stable unemployment was associated with smoking for women (ARR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.00-1.82; I2: 47%) but not men (0.84; 95% CI: 0.67-1.05; I2: 0%). No longer being employed was associated with vaping among women (ARR = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.59-4.72; I2: 0%) but not men (ARR = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.83-1.87; I2: 0%). CONCLUSIONS We found no clear evidence of furlough or unemployment having adverse impacts on smoking, vaping or drinking behaviours during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Differences in risk compared to those who remained employed were largely explained by pre-pandemic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giorgio Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bożena Wielgoszewska
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gareth J Griffith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jazz Croft
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charlotte F Huggins
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charlotte Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jacques Wels
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK.,Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alun D Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Laura D Howe
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emla Fitzsimons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wielgoszewska B, Maddock J, Green MJ, Di Gessa G, Parsons S, Griffith GJ, Croft J, Stevenson AJ, Booth C, Silverwood RJ, Bann D, Patalay P, Hughes AD, Chaturvedi N, Howe LD, Fitzsimons E, Katikireddi SV, Ploubidis GB. Correction: The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys. BMC Med 2022; 20:285. [PMID: 35907837 PMCID: PMC9338472 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Wielgoszewska
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Giorgio Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gareth J Griffith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jazz Croft
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charlotte Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - David Bann
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.,MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alun D Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Laura D Howe
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emla Fitzsimons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stevenson AJ, Huggins CF, Forbes A, Hume J, Fulton G, Thirlwall C, Miles J, Fawns-Ritchie C, Campbell A, Nangle C, Dawson R, Edwards R, Flaig R, Hartley L, Levein C, McCartney DL, Deary IJ, Hayward C, Marioni RE, McIntosh AM, Sudlow C, Porteous DJ. RuralCovidLife: A new resource for the impact of the pandemic on rural Scotland. Wellcome Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17325.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RuralCovidLife is part of Generation Scotland’s CovidLife project, investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation measures on people in Scotland. The RuralCovidLife project focuses on Scotland’s rural communities, and how they have been impacted by the pandemic. During survey development, Generation Scotland consulted with people living or working in rural communities, and collaborated with a patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) group composed of rural community leaders. Through this consultation work, the RuralCovidLife survey was developed to assess the issues most pertinent to people in rural communities, such as mental health, employment, transport, connectivity, and local communities. Between 14th October and 30th November 2020, 3,365 participants from rural areas in Scotland took part in the survey. Participant ages ranged from 16 to 96 (mean = 58.4, standard deviation [SD] = 13.3), and the majority of the participants were female (70.5%). Over half (51.3%) had taken part in the original CovidLife survey. RuralCovidLife includes a subsample (n = 523) of participants from the Generation Scotland cohort. Pre-pandemic data on health and lifestyle, as well as biological samples, are available for these participants. These participants’ data can also be linked to past and future healthcare records, allowing analysis of retrospective and prospective health outcomes. Like Generation Scotland, RuralCovidLife is designed as a resource for researchers. RuralCovidLife data, as well as the linked Generation Scotland data, is available for use by external researchers following approval from the Generation Scotland Access Committee. RuralCovidLife can be used to investigate mental health, well-being, and behaviour in participants living in rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as comparisons with non-rural samples. Moreover, the sub-sample with full Generation Scotland data and linkage can be used to investigate the long-term health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in rural communities.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wielgoszewska B, Maddock J, Green MJ, Di Gessa G, Parsons S, Griffith GJ, Croft J, Stevenson AJ, Booth C, Silverwood RJ, Bann D, Patalay P, Hughes AD, Chaturvedi N, Howe LD, Fitzsimons E, Katikireddi SV, Ploubidis GB. The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys. BMC Med 2022; 20:147. [PMID: 35387639 PMCID: PMC8984671 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In March 2020, the UK implemented the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (furlough) to minimise job losses. Our aim was to investigate associations between furlough and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We analysed data on 25,092 participants aged 16-66 years from eight UK longitudinal studies. Changes in employment, including being furloughed, were based on employment status before and during the first lockdown. Health behaviours included fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, and sleep. Study-specific estimates obtained using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and pre-pandemic health and health behaviours, were statistically pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Associations were also stratified by sex, age, and education. RESULTS Across studies, between 8 and 25% of participants were furloughed. Compared to those who remained working, furloughed workers were slightly less likely to be physically inactive (RR = 0.85; [95% CI 0.75-0.97]; I 2 = 59%) and did not differ overall with respect to low fruit and vegetable consumption or atypical sleep, although findings for sleep were heterogenous (I 2 = 85%). In stratified analyses, furlough was associated with lower fruit and vegetable consumption among males (RR = 1.11; [1.01-1.22]; I 2 = 0%) but not females (RR = 0.84; [0.68-1.04]; I 2 = 65%). Considering changes in quantity, furloughed workers were more likely than those who remained working to report increases in fruit and vegetable consumption, exercise, and hours of sleep. CONCLUSIONS Those furloughed exhibited similar health behaviours to those who remained in employment during the initial stages of the pandemic. There was little evidence to suggest that adoption of such social protection policies in the post-pandemic recovery period and during future economic crises had adverse effects on population health behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Wielgoszewska
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Giorgio Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - Gareth J Griffith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jazz Croft
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charlotte Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - David Bann
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK.,MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alun D Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Laura D Howe
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emla Fitzsimons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | | | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gadd DA, Hillary RF, McCartney DL, Zaghlool SB, Stevenson AJ, Cheng Y, Fawns-Ritchie C, Nangle C, Campbell A, Flaig R, Harris SE, Walker RM, Shi L, Tucker-Drob EM, Gieger C, Peters A, Waldenberger M, Graumann J, McRae AF, Deary IJ, Porteous DJ, Hayward C, Visscher PM, Cox SR, Evans KL, McIntosh AM, Suhre K, Marioni RE. Epigenetic scores for the circulating proteome as tools for disease prediction. eLife 2022; 11:e71802. [PMID: 35023833 PMCID: PMC8880990 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein biomarkers have been identified across many age-related morbidities. However, characterising epigenetic influences could further inform disease predictions. Here, we leverage epigenome-wide data to study links between the DNA methylation (DNAm) signatures of the circulating proteome and incident diseases. Using data from four cohorts, we trained and tested epigenetic scores (EpiScores) for 953 plasma proteins, identifying 109 scores that explained between 1% and 58% of the variance in protein levels after adjusting for known protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) genetic effects. By projecting these EpiScores into an independent sample (Generation Scotland; n = 9537) and relating them to incident morbidities over a follow-up of 14 years, we uncovered 137 EpiScore-disease associations. These associations were largely independent of immune cell proportions, common lifestyle and health factors, and biological aging. Notably, we found that our diabetes-associated EpiScores highlighted previous top biomarker associations from proteome-wide assessments of diabetes. These EpiScores for protein levels can therefore be a valuable resource for disease prediction and risk stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danni A Gadd
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Shaza B Zaghlool
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education CityDohaQatar
- Computer Engineering Department, Virginia TechBlacksburgUnited States
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Yipeng Cheng
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Chloe Fawns-Ritchie
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Cliff Nangle
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Robin Flaig
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Department of Psychology, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor’s Building, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Liu Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Elliot M Tucker-Drob
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at AustinAustinUnited States
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas at AustinAustinUnited States
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Scientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, W.G. Kerckhoff InstituteBad NauheimGermany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Max Planck Institute of Heart and Lung ResearchBad NauheimGermany
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Simon R Cox
- Department of Psychology, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education CityDohaQatar
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Di Gessa G, Maddock J, Green MJ, Thompson EJ, McElroy E, Davies HL, Mundy J, Stevenson AJ, Kwong ASF, Griffith GJ, Katikireddi SV, Niedzwiedz CL, Ploubidis GB, Fitzsimons E, Henderson M, Silverwood RJ, Chaturvedi N, Breen G, Steves CJ, Steptoe A, Porteous DJ, Patalay P. Pre-pandemic mental health and disruptions to healthcare, economic and housing outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from 12 UK longitudinal studies. Br J Psychiatry 2022; 220:21-30. [PMID: 35045893 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2021.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted lives and livelihoods, and people already experiencing mental ill health may have been especially vulnerable. AIMS Quantify mental health inequalities in disruptions to healthcare, economic activity and housing. METHOD We examined data from 59 482 participants in 12 UK longitudinal studies with data collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Within each study, we estimated the association between psychological distress assessed pre-pandemic and disruptions since the start of the pandemic to healthcare (medication access, procedures or appointments), economic activity (employment, income or working hours) and housing (change of address or household composition). Estimates were pooled across studies. RESULTS Across the analysed data-sets, 28% to 77% of participants experienced at least one disruption, with 2.3-33.2% experiencing disruptions in two or more domains. We found 1 s.d. higher pre-pandemic psychological distress was associated with (a) increased odds of any healthcare disruptions (odds ratio (OR) 1.30, 95% CI 1.20-1.40), with fully adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.24 (95% CI 1.09-1.41) for disruption to procedures to 1.33 (95% CI 1.20-1.49) for disruptions to prescriptions or medication access; (b) loss of employment (odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.06-1.21) and income (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06 -1.19), and reductions in working hours/furlough (odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.09) and (c) increased likelihood of experiencing a disruption in at least two domains (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.18-1.32) or in one domain (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07-1.16), relative to no disruption. There were no associations with housing disruptions (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.97-1.03). CONCLUSIONS People experiencing psychological distress pre-pandemic were more likely to experience healthcare and economic disruptions, and clusters of disruptions across multiple domains during the pandemic. Failing to address these disruptions risks further widening mental health inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, UK
| | - Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, UK
| | - Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Ellen J Thompson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Eoin McElroy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Helena L Davies
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Jessica Mundy
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alex S F Kwong
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, UK; and MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, UK
| | | | | | | | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Emla Fitzsimons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Morag Henderson
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, UK; and Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Conole ELS, Stevenson AJ, Muñoz Maniega S, Harris SE, Green C, Valdés Hernández MDC, Harris MA, Bastin ME, Wardlaw JM, Deary IJ, Miron VE, Whalley HC, Marioni RE, Cox SR. DNA Methylation and Protein Markers of Chronic Inflammation and Their Associations With Brain and Cognitive Aging. Neurology 2021; 97:e2340-e2352. [PMID: 34789543 PMCID: PMC8665430 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To investigate chronic inflammation in relation to cognitive aging by comparison of an epigenetic and serum biomarker of C-reactive protein and their associations with neuroimaging and cognitive outcomes. METHODS At baseline, participants (n = 521) were cognitively normal, around 73 years of age (mean 72.4, SD 0.716), and had inflammation, vascular risk (cardiovascular disease history, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index), and neuroimaging (structural and diffusion MRI) data available. Baseline inflammatory status was quantified by a traditional measure of peripheral inflammation-serum C-reactive protein (CRP)-and an epigenetic measure (DNA methylation [DNAm] signature of CRP). Linear models were used to examine the inflammation-brain health associations; mediation analyses were performed to interrogate the relationship between chronic inflammation, brain structure, and cognitive functioning. RESULTS We demonstrate that DNAm CRP shows significantly (on average 6.4-fold) stronger associations with brain health outcomes than serum CRP. DNAm CRP is associated with total brain volume (β = -0.197, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.28 to -0.12, p FDR = 8.42 × 10-6), gray matter volume (β = -0.200, 95% CI -0.28 to -0.12, p FDR = 1.66 × 10-5), and white matter volume (β = -0.150, 95% CI -0.23 to -0.07, p FDR = 0.001) and regional brain atrophy. We also find that DNAm CRP has an inverse association with global and domain-specific (speed, visuospatial, and memory) cognitive functioning and that brain structure partially mediates this CRP-cognitive association (up to 29.7%), dependent on lifestyle and health factors. DISCUSSION These results support the hypothesis that chronic inflammation may contribute to neurodegenerative brain changes that underlie differences in cognitive ability in later life and highlight the potential of DNAm proxies for indexing chronic inflammatory status. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that a DNAm signature of CRP levels is more strongly associated with brain health outcomes than serum CRP levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor L S Conole
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susana Muñoz Maniega
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Claire Green
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Del C Valdés Hernández
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mathew A Harris
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark E Bastin
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronique E Miron
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Heather C Whalley
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- From the Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., S.E.H., M.d.C.V.H., M.A.H., J.M.W., I.J.D., R.E.M., S.R.C.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (E.L.S.C., A.J.S., R.E.M.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (E.L.S.C., S.M.M., M.d.C.V.H., M.E.B., J.M.W., H.C.W.), UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School (A.J.S., V.E.M.), Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital (C.G., M.A.H., H.C.W.), and The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter (V.E.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Stevenson AJ, Huggins CF, Forbes A, Hume J, Fulton G, Thirlwall C, Miles J, Fawns-Ritchie C, Campbell A, Nangle C, Dawson R, Edwards R, Flaig R, Hartley L, Levein C, McCartney DL, Deary IJ, Hayward C, Marioni RE, McIntosh AM, Sudlow C, Porteous DJ. RuralCovidLife: Study protocol and description of the data. Wellcome Open Res 2021. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17325.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RuralCovidLife is part of Generation Scotland’s CovidLife project, investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation measures on people in Scotland. The RuralCovidLife project focuses on Scotland’s rural communities, and how they have been impacted by the pandemic. During survey development, Generation Scotland consulted with people living or working in rural communities, and collaborated with a patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) group composed of rural community leaders. Through this consultation work, the RuralCovidLife survey was developed to assess the issues most pertinent to people in rural communities, such as mental health, employment, transport, connectivity, and local communities. Between 14th October and 30th November 2020, 3,365 participants from rural areas in Scotland took part in the survey. Participant ages ranged from 16 to 96 (mean = 58.4, standard deviation [SD] = 13.3), and the majority of the participants were female (70.5%). Over half (51.3%) had taken part in the original CovidLife survey. RuralCovidLife includes a subsample (n = 523) of participants from the Generation Scotland cohort. Pre-pandemic data on health and lifestyle, as well as biological samples, are available for these participants. These participants’ data can also be linked to past and future healthcare records, allowing analysis of retrospective and prospective health outcomes. Like Generation Scotland, RuralCovidLife is designed as a resource for researchers. RuralCovidLife data, as well as the linked Generation Scotland data, is available for use by external researchers following approval from the Generation Scotland Access Committee. RuralCovidLife can be used to investigate mental health, well-being, and behaviour in participants living in rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as comparisons with non-rural samples. Moreover, the sub-sample with full Generation Scotland data and linkage can be used to investigate the long-term health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in rural communities.
Collapse
|
14
|
Green M, Di Gessa G, Maddock J, Parsons S, Wielgoszewska B, Stevenson AJ, Griffith GJ, Booth C, Croft J, Ploubidis GB. Substance use behaviours and the UK furlough scheme: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys. Eur J Public Health 2021. [PMCID: PMC8574755 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions to economic activity such as job loss can impact substance use behaviours. During the COVID-19 pandemic many countries implemented a furlough scheme to prevent job loss. We examine how furlough was associated with respondents' substance use behaviours in the initial stages of the pandemic in the UK. Data were from over 27,000 participants in eight adult longitudinal surveys. Participants self-reported economic activity (furlough or job loss vs stable employment) and smoking (any current), vaping (any current) and drinking alcohol (>4 days/week or 5+ drinks per typical occasion) both before and during the initial stages of the pandemic. Changes in frequency/quantity of substance use were also examined. Risk ratios were estimated within each study using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for a range of potential confounders, including pre-pandemic behaviour (though this was excluded in analyses of behaviour change). Findings were synthesised using a random effects meta-analysis. Compared to stable employment, participation in the furlough scheme was associated with smoking (risk ratio: 1.24 [95% CI: 1.08-1.42]; I2=0%) while job loss was associated with vaping (1.72 [1.10-2.71]; I2=25%) and heavier drinking (1.21 [1.02-1.43]; I2=2%), but these associations were largely accounted for by confounders (adjusted risk ratios: smoking: 1.06 [0.96-1.16]; I2=8%; vaping: 1.55 [0.93-2.56]; I2=42%; and drinking: 1.03 [0.89-1.20]; I2=35%). Furlough was associated with drinking more than before the pandemic (adjusted risk ratio: 1.15 [1.00-1.33]; I2=70%), and with increases in vaping behaviour (1.54 [1.14-2.07]; I2=0%). Increased drinking associated with furlough is concerning, while increased vaping likely represents moves to reduce smoking and may be positive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - G Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, UCL, London, UK
| | - J Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UCL, London, UK
| | - S Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL, London, UK
| | | | - AJ Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - GJ Griffith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - C Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL, London, UK
| | - J Croft
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - GB Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
McElroy E, Di Gessa G, Maddock J, Green MJ, Thompson EJ, Davies HL, Mundy J, Stevenson AJ, Kwong ASF, Patalay P. Mental health inequalities in disruptions across multiple domains during COVID -19: an investigation in 12 population-based longitudinal studies. Eur J Public Health 2021. [PMCID: PMC8574758 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions related to the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated virus suppression measures have affected many worldwide but those already suffering from psychological distress may have been especially vulnerable. We investigated associations between pre-pandemic psychological distress and disruptions to healthcare, economic activity, housing, and cumulative disruptions. Data were from 59,482 participants in 12 UK longitudinal adult population surveys with both pre-pandemic and COVID-19 surveys. Participants self-reported disruptions since the start of the pandemic to: healthcare (medication access, procedures, or appointments); economic activity (negative changes in employment, income or working hours); and housing (change of address or household composition). Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between pre-pandemic standardised psychological distress scores and disruption outcomes. Findings were synthesised using a random effects meta-analysis with restricted maximum likelihood. Approximately one to two thirds of study participants experienced some form of disruption during the pandemic. One standard deviation higher pre-pandemic psychological distress was associated with: increased odds of any healthcare disruption (odds ratio: 1.30 [95% CI: 1.20-1.40]; I2: 65%); increased odds of experiencing any economic disruption (1.11 [1.03-1.16]; I2: 61%); no associations with housing disruptions; and increased likelihood of experiencing a disruption in at least two domains (1.25 [1.18-1.32]; I2: 38%) or one domain (1.11 [1.07-1.16]; I2: 32%) compared to no disruptions. Associations did not differ by sex, ethnicity, education, or age. Individuals suffering from psychological distress pre-pandemic may need additional support to manage stressful life disruptions. Considering mental ill-health was already unequally distributed in the UK population, this may exacerbate existing inequalities related to sex, ethnicity, education and age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E McElroy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - G Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, UCL, London, UK
| | - J Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UCL, London, UK
| | - MJ Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - EJ Thompson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - HL Davies
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Mundy
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - AJ Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - ASF Kwong
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - P Patalay
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UCL, London, UK
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Maddock J, Wielgoszewska B, Green MJ, Gessa GD, Parsons S, Griffith GJ, Croft J, Stevenson AJ, Booth C, Ploubidis GB. Diet, physical activity, and sleep in relation to furlough during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: evidence from eight longitudinal studies. Eur J Public Health 2021. [PMCID: PMC8574764 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent Covid-19 pandemic, and its mitigations, are expected to have long-term consequences on the health and health behaviours. In an effort to reduce the effect of lockdown on the economy, the UK government launched their Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (commonly known as furlough) in March 2020, which entitled employees who were unable to work to 80% of their monthly pay up to a cap of £2,500. We investigated the association between changes in economic activity and health behaviours of the working-age participants of eight longitudinal studies, during the early stages of the pandemic. Specifically, we investigate the post-pandemic levels, and the pre-to-post pandemic change, in fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, and sleeping patterns. We obtained study-specific estimates using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for a comparable set of potential confounders, and combined results in a random-effects meta-analyses. Compared to those who continually worked, furloughed workers were more likely to report an increase in their fruit and vegetable consumption (1.22 [1.04-1.43]; I2 = 52%), and an increase in their physical activity (1.19 [1.04-1.35]; I2 = 73%). However, furlough appears to have a polarizing effect on sleeping patterns (change from 6 - 9 h to outside this range: 1.46 [1.03, 2.08]; I2 = 75%; change from outside of the 6 -9 h to within this range: 1.78 [1.03, 3.07]; I2 = 75%), especially amongst women and those with no higher education degree. This polarization is partially explained by the age of the survey participants, indicating that sleeping patterns of the younger cohorts were more adversely affected. Furlough schemes may be associated with better diet and more physical activity, while inconsistent effects on sleeping patterns may place younger generations at particular risk of atypical sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UCL, London, UK
| | | | - MJ Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - G Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, UCL, London, UK
| | - S Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL, London, UK
| | - GJ Griffith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J Croft
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - AJ Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL, London, UK
| | - GB Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Parsons S, Maddock J, Di Gessa G, Green MJ, Thompson EJ, Stevenson AJ, Kwong ASF, McElroy E, Silverwood RJ, Katikireddi SV. Health care disruption inequalities during Covid-19: Evidence from eleven longitudinal studies. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Like other health systems worldwide, the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) has faced major disruptions due to high Covid-19 burden and repeated lockdown measures. These disruptions can have both short and long-term health impacts. The NHS provides free healthcare and prioritises equity of delivery, but despite this, inequalities in access to health care remain and it is plausible that pandemic-related disruptions affect different groups disproportionally, thus widening health inequalities. This paper investigates associations between well-established axes of health inequality (sex, age, social class, education and ethnicity) and self-reported health care disruptions (medication access, procedures, or appointments) in over 65,000 participants across eleven longitudinal studies in the UK. Participants reported disruptions from March 2020 through to as late as January 2021. We obtained study-specific estimates using logistic regression models and combined them in a random-effects meta-analysis. Analyses were adjusted for sex, age and ethnicity where relevant. Between 10.1% (Millennium Cohort Study) and 31.8 % (Understanding Society) of study participants reported experiencing health care disruptions. Results show that females (OR: 1.27 [95%CI: 1.15,1.4]; I2=56%), older participants (e.g. OR: 1.39 [1.13,1.72]; I2=77% for 65-75y vs 45-54y), and non-white ethnic minorities (OR: 1.17 [1.02,1.34]; I2=0% vs white) were more likely to report healthcare disruptions. Those in a more disadvantaged social class (e.g. OR: 1.18 [1.08, 1.21]; I2=0% for manual/routine vs managerial/professional) were also more likely to report healthcare disruptions, but no clear differences were observed for education. Our findings highlight inequities in healthcare disruptions, which, if unaddressed, could contribute to the maintenance or widening of existing health inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL, London, UK
| | - J Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UCL, London, UK
| | - G Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, UCL, London, UK
| | - MJ Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - EJ Thompson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - AJ Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - ASF Kwong
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - E McElroy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - SV Katikireddi
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hillary RF, Stevenson AJ, Cox SR, McCartney DL, Harris SE, Seeboth A, Higham J, Sproul D, Taylor AM, Redmond P, Corley J, Pattie A, Hernández MDCV, Muñoz-Maniega S, Bastin ME, Wardlaw JM, Horvath S, Ritchie CW, Spires-Jones TL, McIntosh AM, Evans KL, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. An epigenetic predictor of death captures multi-modal measures of brain health. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3806-3816. [PMID: 31796892 PMCID: PMC8550950 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Individuals of the same chronological age exhibit disparate rates of biological ageing. Consequently, a number of methodologies have been proposed to determine biological age and primarily exploit variation at the level of DNA methylation (DNAm). A novel epigenetic clock, termed 'DNAm GrimAge' has outperformed its predecessors in predicting the risk of mortality as well as many age-related morbidities. However, the association between DNAm GrimAge and cognitive or neuroimaging phenotypes remains unknown. We explore these associations in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (n = 709, mean age 73 years). Higher DNAm GrimAge was strongly associated with all-cause mortality over the eighth decade (Hazard Ratio per standard deviation increase in GrimAge: 1.81, P < 2.0 × 10-16). Higher DNAm GrimAge was associated with lower age 11 IQ (β = -0.11), lower age 73 general cognitive ability (β = -0.18), decreased brain volume (β = -0.25) and increased brain white matter hyperintensities (β = 0.17). There was tentative evidence for a longitudinal association between DNAm GrimAge and cognitive decline from age 70 to 79. Sixty-nine of 137 health- and brain-related phenotypes tested were significantly associated with GrimAge. Adjusting all models for childhood intelligence attenuated to non-significance a small number of associations (12/69 associations; 6 of which were cognitive traits), but not the association with general cognitive ability (33.9% attenuation). Higher DNAm GrimAge associates with lower cognitive ability and brain vascular lesions in older age, independently of early-life cognitive ability. This epigenetic predictor of mortality associates with different measures of brain health and may aid in the prediction of age-related cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anne Seeboth
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jon Higham
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Duncan Sproul
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Redmond
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Janie Corley
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alison Pattie
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Del C Valdés Hernández
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susana Muñoz-Maniega
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark E Bastin
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Craig W Ritchie
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gadd DA, Stevenson AJ, Hillary RF, McCartney DL, Wrobel N, McCafferty S, Murphy L, Russ TC, Harris SE, Redmond P, Taylor AM, Smith C, Rose J, Millar T, Spires-Jones TL, Cox SR, Marioni RE. Epigenetic predictors of lifestyle traits applied to the blood and brain. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab082. [PMID: 34041477 PMCID: PMC8134833 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifiable lifestyle factors influence the risk of developing many neurological diseases. These factors have been extensively linked with blood-based genome-wide DNA methylation, but it is unclear if the signatures from blood translate to the target tissue of interest-the brain. To investigate this, we apply blood-derived epigenetic predictors of four lifestyle traits to genome-wide DNA methylation from five post-mortem brain regions and the last blood sample prior to death in 14 individuals in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Using these matched samples, we found that correlations between blood and brain DNA methylation scores for smoking, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alcohol and body mass index were highly variable across brain regions. Smoking scores in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex had the strongest correlations with smoking scores in blood (r = 0.5, n = 14, P = 0.07) and smoking behaviour (r = 0.56, n = 9, P = 0.12). This was also the brain region which exhibited the largest correlations for DNA methylation at site cg05575921 - the single strongest correlate of smoking in blood-in relation to blood (r = 0.61, n = 14, P = 0.02) and smoking behaviour (r = -0.65, n = 9, P = 0.06). This suggested a particular vulnerability to smoking-related differential methylation in this region. Our work contributes to understanding how lifestyle factors affect the brain and suggest that lifestyle-related DNA methylation is likely to be both brain region dependent and in many cases poorly proxied for by blood. Though these pilot data provide a rarely-available opportunity for the comparison of methylation patterns across multiple brain regions and the blood, due to the limited sample size available our results must be considered as preliminary and should therefore be used as a basis for further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danni A Gadd
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| | - Nicola Wrobel
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sarah McCafferty
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lee Murphy
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Tom C Russ
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Paul Redmond
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Jamie Rose
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tracey Millar
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hamilton OKL, Backhouse EV, Janssen E, Jochems ACC, Maher C, Ritakari TE, Stevenson AJ, Xia L, Deary IJ, Wardlaw JM. Cognitive impairment in sporadic cerebral small vessel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:665-685. [PMID: 33185327 PMCID: PMC8593445 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper is a proposal for an update on the characterization of cognitive impairments associated with sporadic cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). We pose a series of questions about the nature of SVD-related cognitive impairments and provide answers based on a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of published data from 69 studies. Although SVD is thought primarily to affect executive function and processing speed, we hypothesize that SVD affects all major domains of cognitive ability. We also identify low levels of education as a potentially modifiable risk factor for SVD-related cognitive impairment. Therefore, we propose the use of comprehensive cognitive assessments and the measurement of educational level both in clinics and research settings, and suggest several recommendations for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia KL Hamilton
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, UK, EH8 9JZ
| | - Ellen V Backhouse
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
| | - Esther Janssen
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
| | - Angela CC Jochems
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
| | - Caragh Maher
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
| | - Tuula E Ritakari
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, UK, EH4 2XU
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, 15 George Square, Edinburgh, UK, EH8 9XD
| | - Lihua Xia
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, UK, EH8 9JZ
| | - Ian J Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, UK, EH8 9JZ
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, UK, EH8 9JZ
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4SB
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, UK, EH8 9JZ
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nabais MF, Laws SM, Lin T, Vallerga CL, Armstrong NJ, Blair IP, Kwok JB, Mather KA, Mellick GD, Sachdev PS, Wallace L, Henders AK, Zwamborn RAJ, Hop PJ, Lunnon K, Pishva E, Roubroeks JAY, Soininen H, Tsolaki M, Mecocci P, Lovestone S, Kłoszewska I, Vellas B, Furlong S, Garton FC, Henderson RD, Mathers S, McCombe PA, Needham M, Ngo ST, Nicholson G, Pamphlett R, Rowe DB, Steyn FJ, Williams KL, Anderson TJ, Bentley SR, Dalrymple-Alford J, Fowder J, Gratten J, Halliday G, Hickie IB, Kennedy M, Lewis SJG, Montgomery GW, Pearson J, Pitcher TL, Silburn P, Zhang F, Visscher PM, Yang J, Stevenson AJ, Hillary RF, Marioni RE, Harris SE, Deary IJ, Jones AR, Shatunov A, Iacoangeli A, van Rheenen W, van den Berg LH, Shaw PJ, Shaw CE, Morrison KE, Al-Chalabi A, Veldink JH, Hannon E, Mill J, Wray NR, McRae AF. Meta-analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation identifies shared associations across neurodegenerative disorders. Genome Biol 2021; 22:90. [PMID: 33771206 PMCID: PMC8004462 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with neurodegenerative disorders show diverse clinical syndromes, genetic heterogeneity, and distinct brain pathological changes, but studies report overlap between these features. DNA methylation (DNAm) provides a way to explore this overlap and heterogeneity as it is determined by the combined effects of genetic variation and the environment. In this study, we aim to identify shared blood DNAm differences between controls and people with Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. RESULTS We use a mixed-linear model method (MOMENT) that accounts for the effect of (un)known confounders, to test for the association of each DNAm site with each disorder. While only three probes are found to be genome-wide significant in each MOMENT association analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease (and none with Alzheimer's disease), a fixed-effects meta-analysis of the three disorders results in 12 genome-wide significant differentially methylated positions. Predicted immune cell-type proportions are disrupted across all neurodegenerative disorders. Protein inflammatory markers are correlated with profile sum-scores derived from disease-associated immune cell-type proportions in a healthy aging cohort. In contrast, they are not correlated with MOMENT DNAm-derived profile sum-scores, calculated using effect sizes of the 12 differentially methylated positions as weights. CONCLUSIONS We identify shared differentially methylated positions in whole blood between neurodegenerative disorders that point to shared pathogenic mechanisms. These shared differentially methylated positions may reflect causes or consequences of disease, but they are unlikely to reflect cell-type proportion differences.
Collapse
Grants
- U24 AG021886 NIA NIH HHS
- U01 AG016976 NIA NIH HHS
- Department of Health
- U01 AG024904 NIA NIH HHS
- 108890/Z/15/Z Wellcome Trust
- 503480 Medical Research Council
- TURNER/OCT15/972-797 Motor Neurone Disease Association
- U01 AG032984 NIA NIH HHS
- R01 HL105756 NHLBI NIH HHS
- 082604/2/07/Z Wellcome Trust
- R01 AG033193 NIA NIH HHS
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Motor Neurone Disease Research Institute of Australia Ice Bucket Challenge
- Medical Research Council (UK)
- Economic and Social Research Council
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
- the European Community’s Health Seventh Framework Programme
- Horizon 2020 Programme
- MND Association and the Wellcome Trust.
- European Research Council (ERC)
- EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research ()
- EU Joint Programme - Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND)
- Australian Research Council
- Mater Foundation
- ForeFront - NHMRC
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council
- University of Otago Research Grant, together with financial support from the Jim and Mary Carney Charitable Trust
- Commonwealth Scientific Industrial and research Organization (CSIRO), Edith Cowan University (ECU), Mental Health Research institute (MHRI), National Ageing Research Institute (NARI), Austin Health, CogState Ltd
- National Health and Medical Research Council and the Dementia Collaborative Research Centres program (DCRC2), as well as funding from the Science and Industry Endowment Fund (SIEF) and the Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) for Mental Health – funded throug
- EU Joint Programme - Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND), co-funded through the Australian National Health and Medical Research (NHMRC) Council, Motor Neurone Disease Research Institute of Australia Ice Bucket Challenge,
- EU Joint Programme - Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND), United Kingdom Medical Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Motor Neuro Disease Association (GB), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at
- EU Joint Programme - Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND), European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, PPP Allowance made available by Health~Holland, Top Sector Life Sciences & Health, Unit
- National Health and Medical Research Council, Australian Research Council, Mater Foundation,
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (
- University of Otago Research Grant, Jim and Mary Carney Charitable Trust
- Commonwealth Scientific Industrial and research Organization (CSIRO), Edith Cowan University (ECU), Mental Health Research institute (MHRI), National Ageing Research Institute (NARI), Austin Health, CogState Ltd., National Health and Medical Research Counc
- EFPIA companies and SMEs as part of InnoMed (Innovative Medicines in Europe), an Integrated Project funded by the European Union of the Sixth Framework program
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta F Nabais
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E Hospital Wonford, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Simon M Laws
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Dr, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Tian Lin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Costanza L Vallerga
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ian P Blair
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - John B Kwok
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia Institute, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Prince of Wales Hospital, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Leanne Wallace
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Anjali K Henders
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ramona A J Zwamborn
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Hop
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katie Lunnon
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E Hospital Wonford, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Ehsan Pishva
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E Hospital Wonford, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Janou A Y Roubroeks
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E Hospital Wonford, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, Memory and Dementia Unit, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Bruno Vellas
- INSERM U 558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah Furlong
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Fleur C Garton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Robert D Henderson
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4019, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Susan Mathers
- Calvary Health Care Bethlehem, Parkdale, VIC, 3195, Australia
| | - Pamela A McCombe
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4019, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Merrilee Needham
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Notre Dame University, Fremantle, WA, 6160, Australia
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4019, Australia
- The Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Garth Nicholson
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Roger Pamphlett
- Discipline of Pathology and Department of Neuropathology, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Dominic B Rowe
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kelly L Williams
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Tim J Anderson
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Steven R Bentley
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John Dalrymple-Alford
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Javed Fowder
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jacob Gratten
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glenda Halliday
- Brain and Mind Research Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Research Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martin Kennedy
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- Brain and Mind Research Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - John Pearson
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Toni L Pitcher
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Peter Silburn
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Futao Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Department of Psychology, Lothian Birth Cohorts group, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, Lothian Birth Cohorts group, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Ashley R Jones
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cristopher E Shaw
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | | | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 9RX, UK
- King's College Hospital, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eilis Hannon
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E Hospital Wonford, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E Hospital Wonford, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Stevenson AJ, Gadd DA, Hillary RF, McCartney DL, Campbell A, Walker RM, Evans KL, Harris SE, Spires-Jones TL, McRae AF, Visscher PM, McIntosh AM, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. Creating and validating a DNA methylation-based proxy for interleukin-6. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:2284-2292. [PMID: 33595649 PMCID: PMC8599002 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies evaluating the relationship between chronic inflammation and cognitive functioning have produced heterogeneous results. A potential reason for this is the variability of inflammatory mediators which could lead to misclassifications of individuals’ persisting levels of inflammation. DNA methylation (DNAm) has shown utility in indexing environmental exposures and could be leveraged to provide proxy signatures of chronic inflammation. Method We conducted an elastic net regression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a cohort of 875 older adults (Lothian Birth Cohort 1936; mean age: 70 years) to develop a DNAm-based predictor. The predictor was tested in an independent cohort (Generation Scotland; N = 7028 [417 with measured IL-6], mean age: 51 years). Results A weighted score from 35 CpG sites optimally predicted IL-6 in the independent test set (Generation Scotland; R2 = 4.4%, p = 2.1 × 10−5). In the independent test cohort, both measured IL-6 and the DNAm proxy increased with age (serum IL-6: n = 417, β = 0.02, SE = 0.004, p = 1.3 × 10−7; DNAm IL-6 score: N = 7028, β = 0.02, SE = 0.0009, p < 2 × 10−16). Serum IL-6 did not associate with cognitive ability (n = 417, β = −0.06, SE = 0.05, p = .19); however, an inverse association was identified between the DNAm score and cognitive functioning (N = 7028, β = −0.16, SE = 0.02, pFDR < 2 × 10−16). Conclusions These results suggest methylation-based predictors can be used as proxies for inflammatory markers, potentially allowing for further insight into the relationship between inflammation and pertinent health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Danni A Gadd
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Green C, Shen X, Stevenson AJ, Conole ELS, Harris MA, Barbu MC, Hawkins EL, Adams MJ, Hillary RF, Lawrie SM, Evans KL, Walker RM, Morris SW, Porteous DJ, Wardlaw JM, Steele JD, Waiter GD, Sandu AL, Campbell A, Marioni RE, Cox SR, Cavanagh J, McIntosh AM, Whalley HC. Structural brain correlates of serum and epigenetic markers of inflammation in major depressive disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 92:39-48. [PMID: 33221487 PMCID: PMC7910280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are implicated in the aetiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD); however, the relationship between peripheral inflammation, brain structure and depression remains unclear, partly due to complexities around the use of acute/phasic inflammatory biomarkers. Here, we report the first large-scale study of both serological and methylomic signatures of CRP (considered to represent acute and chronic measures of inflammation respectively) and their associations with depression status/symptoms, and structural neuroimaging phenotypes (T1 and diffusion MRI) in a large community-based sample (Generation Scotland; NMDD cases = 271, Ncontrols = 609). Serum CRP was associated with overall MDD severity, and specifically with current somatic symptoms- general interest (β = 0.145, PFDR = 6 × 10-4) and energy levels (β = 0.101, PFDR = 0.027), along with reduced entorhinal cortex thickness (β = -0.095, PFDR = 0.037). DNAm CRP was significantly associated with reduced global grey matter/cortical volume and widespread reductions in integrity of 16/24 white matter tracts (with greatest regional effects in the external and internal capsules, βFA= -0.12 to -0.14). In general, the methylation-based measures showed stronger associations with imaging metrics than serum-based CRP measures (βaverage = -0.15 versus βaverage = 0.01 respectively). These findings provide evidence for central effects of peripheral inflammation from both serological and epigenetic markers of inflammation, including in brain regions previously implicated in depression. This suggests that these imaging measures may be involved in the relationship between peripheral inflammation and somatic/depressive symptoms. Notably, greater effects on brain morphology were seen for methylation-based rather than serum-based measures of inflammation, indicating the importance of such measures for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Green
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Xueyi Shen
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eleanor L S Conole
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mathew A Harris
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Miruna C Barbu
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emma L Hawkins
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark J Adams
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stewart W Morris
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Douglas Steele
- Division of Imaging Science and Technology, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gordon D Waiter
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Anca-Larisa Sandu
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, College of Medical and Veterinary Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical and Veterinary Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tzioras M, Stevenson AJ, Boche D, Spires-Jones TL. Microglial contribution to synaptic uptake in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 47:346-351. [PMID: 32892388 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Microglia in human post-mortem tissue in schizophrenia patients' brains engulf synaptic material, but not differently to age-matched non-neurological control brains. Also, schizophrenia brains display similar levels of microgliosis to control brains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tzioras
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Brain Discovery Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A J Stevenson
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Brain Discovery Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - D Boche
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - T L Spires-Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Brain Discovery Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tulloch J, Netsyk O, Pickett EK, Herrmann AG, Jain P, Stevenson AJ, Oren I, Hardt O, Spires-Jones TL. Maintained memory and long-term potentiation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease with both amyloid pathology and human tau. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:637-648. [PMID: 33169893 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
One of the key knowledge gaps in the field of Alzheimer's disease research is the lack of understanding of how amyloid beta and tau cooperate to cause neurodegeneration. We recently generated a mouse model (APP/PS1 + Tau) that develops amyloid plaque pathology and expresses human tau in the absence of endogenous murine tau. These mice exhibit an age-related behavioural hyperactivity phenotype and transcriptional deficits which are ameliorated by tau transgene suppression. We hypothesized that these mice would also display memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity deficits as has been reported for many plaque bearing mouse models which express endogenous mouse tau. We observed that our APP/PS1 + Tau model does not exhibit novel object memory or robust long-term potentiation deficits with age, whereas the parent APP/PS1 line with mouse tau did develop the expected deficits. These data are important as they highlight potential functional differences between mouse and human tau and the need to use multiple models to fully understand Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and develop effective therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Tulloch
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olga Netsyk
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eleanor K Pickett
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Abigail G Herrmann
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pooja Jain
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Iris Oren
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Oliver Hardt
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,The Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain and The Patrick Wild Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hillary RF, Stevenson AJ, McCartney DL, Campbell A, Walker RM, Howard DM, Ritchie CW, Horvath S, Hayward C, McIntosh AM, Porteous DJ, Deary IJ, Evans KL, Marioni RE. Epigenetic measures of ageing predict the prevalence and incidence of leading causes of death and disease burden. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:115. [PMID: 32736664 PMCID: PMC7394682 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals of the same chronological age display different rates of biological ageing. A number of measures of biological age have been proposed which harness age-related changes in DNA methylation profiles. These measures include five 'epigenetic clocks' which provide an index of how much an individual's biological age differs from their chronological age at the time of measurement. The five clocks encompass methylation-based predictors of chronological age (HorvathAge, HannumAge), all-cause mortality (DNAm PhenoAge, DNAm GrimAge) and telomere length (DNAm Telomere Length). A sixth epigenetic measure of ageing differs from these clocks in that it acts as a speedometer providing a single time-point measurement of the pace of an individual's biological ageing. This measure of ageing is termed DunedinPoAm. In this study, we test the association between these six epigenetic measures of ageing and the prevalence and incidence of the leading causes of disease burden and mortality in high-income countries (n ≤ 9537, Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study). RESULTS DNAm GrimAge predicted incidence of clinically diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease after 13 years of follow-up (hazard ratios = 2.22, 1.52 and 1.41, respectively). DunedinPoAm predicted the incidence of COPD and lung cancer (hazard ratios = 2.02 and 1.45, respectively). DNAm PhenoAge predicted incidence of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio = 1.54). DNAm Telomere Length associated with the incidence of ischemic heart disease (hazard ratio = 0.80). DNAm GrimAge associated with all-cause mortality, the prevalence of COPD and spirometry measures at the study baseline. These associations were present after adjusting for possible confounding risk factors including alcohol consumption, body mass index, deprivation, education and tobacco smoking and surpassed stringent Bonferroni-corrected significance thresholds. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that epigenetic measures of ageing may have utility in clinical settings to complement gold-standard methods for disease assessment and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - David M Howard
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.,Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Craig W Ritchie
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095-7088, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.,Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Stevenson AJ, McCartney DL, Hillary RF, Campbell A, Morris SW, Bermingham ML, Walker RM, Evans KL, Boutin TS, Hayward C, McRae AF, McColl BW, Spires-Jones TL, McIntosh AM, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. Characterisation of an inflammation-related epigenetic score and its association with cognitive ability. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:113. [PMID: 32718350 PMCID: PMC7385981 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00903-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic systemic inflammation has been associated with incident dementia, but its association with age-related cognitive decline is less clear. The acute responses of many inflammatory biomarkers mean they may provide an unreliable picture of the chronicity of inflammation. Recently, a large-scale epigenome-wide association study identified DNA methylation correlates of C-reactive protein (CRP)-a widely used acute-phase inflammatory biomarker. DNA methylation is thought to be relatively stable in the short term, marking it as a potentially useful signature of exposure. METHODS We utilise a DNA methylation-based score for CRP and investigate its trajectories with age, and associations with cognitive ability in comparison with serum CRP and a genetic CRP score in a longitudinal study of older adults (n = 889) and a large, cross-sectional cohort (n = 7028). RESULTS We identified no homogeneous trajectories of serum CRP with age across the cohorts, whereas the epigenetic CRP score was consistently found to increase with age (standardised β = 0.07 and 0.01) and to do so more rapidly in males compared to females. Additionally, the epigenetic CRP score had higher test-retest reliability compared to serum CRP, indicating its enhanced temporal stability. Higher serum CRP was not found to be associated with poorer cognitive ability (standardised β = - 0.08 and - 0.05); however, a consistent negative association was identified between cognitive ability and the epigenetic CRP score in both cohorts (standardised β = - 0.15 and - 0.08). CONCLUSIONS An epigenetic proxy of CRP may provide a more reliable signature of chronic inflammation, allowing for more accurate stratification of individuals, and thus clearer inference of associations with incident health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Stewart W Morris
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Mairead L Bermingham
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.,Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.,Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Barry W McColl
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.,Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK. .,Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hillary RF, Trejo-Banos D, Kousathanas A, McCartney DL, Harris SE, Stevenson AJ, Patxot M, Ojavee SE, Zhang Q, Liewald DC, Ritchie CW, Evans KL, Tucker-Drob EM, Wray NR, McRae AF, Visscher PM, Deary IJ, Robinson MR, Marioni RE. Multi-method genome- and epigenome-wide studies of inflammatory protein levels in healthy older adults. Genome Med 2020; 12:60. [PMID: 32641083 PMCID: PMC7346642 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-020-00754-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular factors which control circulating levels of inflammatory proteins are not well understood. Furthermore, association studies between molecular probes and human traits are often performed by linear model-based methods which may fail to account for complex structure and interrelationships within molecular datasets. METHODS In this study, we perform genome- and epigenome-wide association studies (GWAS/EWAS) on the levels of 70 plasma-derived inflammatory protein biomarkers in healthy older adults (Lothian Birth Cohort 1936; n = 876; Olink® inflammation panel). We employ a Bayesian framework (BayesR+) which can account for issues pertaining to data structure and unknown confounding variables (with sensitivity analyses using ordinary least squares- (OLS) and mixed model-based approaches). RESULTS We identified 13 SNPs associated with 13 proteins (n = 1 SNP each) concordant across OLS and Bayesian methods. We identified 3 CpG sites spread across 3 proteins (n = 1 CpG each) that were concordant across OLS, mixed-model and Bayesian analyses. Tagged genetic variants accounted for up to 45% of variance in protein levels (for MCP2, 36% of variance alone attributable to 1 polymorphism). Methylation data accounted for up to 46% of variation in protein levels (for CXCL10). Up to 66% of variation in protein levels (for VEGFA) was explained using genetic and epigenetic data combined. We demonstrated putative causal relationships between CD6 and IL18R1 with inflammatory bowel disease and between IL12B and Crohn's disease. CONCLUSIONS Our data may aid understanding of the molecular regulation of the circulating inflammatory proteome as well as causal relationships between inflammatory mediators and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Daniel Trejo-Banos
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Athanasios Kousathanas
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Marion Patxot
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sven Erik Ojavee
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - David C Liewald
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Craig W Ritchie
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Elliot M Tucker-Drob
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Matthew R Robinson
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pease F, Ward AJ, Stevenson AJ, Cunningham JL, Sabri O, Acharya M, Chesser T. Posterior wall acetabular fracture fixation: A mechanical analysis of fixation methods. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2020; 27:2309499019859838. [PMID: 31311424 DOI: 10.1177/2309499019859838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable, anatomical fixation of acetabular fractures gives the best chance of successful outcome, while penetration of the acetabular articular surface with screws is associated with poor outcomes. Spring plates are an alternative to interfragmentary lag screws when penetration is a concern. A mechanical study comparing fracture stability and construct stiffness of three fixation methods for posterior wall acetabular fractures with transverse comminutions was performed. The three fixation methods tested were a posterior wall rim plate, a posterior wall buttress plate with separate lag screws and a posterior wall plate with two spring plates. Nine samples were tested, three for each fixation method. Two-dimensional motion analysis was used to measure fracture fragment displacement and construct stiffness. After two 6000 cycle-loading protocols, to a maximum 1.5 kN, the mean fracture displacement was 0.154 mm for the rim plate model, 0.326 mm for the buttress plate and 0.254 mm for the spring plate model. Mean maximum displacement was significantly less for the rim plate fixation than the buttress plate (p = 0.015) and spring plate fixation (p = 0.02). The rim plate was the stiffest construct 10,962 N/mm, followed by the spring plate model 5637 N/mm and the buttress plate model 4882 N/mm. Based on data obtained in this study, where possible a rim plate with interfragmentary lag screws should be used for isolated posterior wall fractures as this is the stiffest and most stable construct. When this method is not possible, spring plate fixation is a safe and a superior alternative to a posterior buttress plate method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Pease
- Pelvic and Acetabular Reconstruction Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - A J Ward
- Pelvic and Acetabular Reconstruction Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - A J Stevenson
- Pelvic and Acetabular Reconstruction Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - J L Cunningham
- Pelvic and Acetabular Reconstruction Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - O Sabri
- Pelvic and Acetabular Reconstruction Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - M Acharya
- Pelvic and Acetabular Reconstruction Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Tjs Chesser
- Pelvic and Acetabular Reconstruction Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Davies C, Hamilton OKL, Hooley M, Ritakari TE, Stevenson AJ, Wheater ENW. Translational neuroscience: the state of the nation (a PhD student perspective). Brain Commun 2020; 2:fcaa038. [PMID: 32671338 PMCID: PMC7331125 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many brain disorders are currently untreatable. It has been suggested that taking a 'translational' approach to neuroscientific research might change this. We discuss what 'translational neuroscience' is and argue for the need to expand the traditional translational model if we are to make further advances in treating brain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Davies
- Wellcome Trust 4-Year PhD in Translational Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, 15 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK.,Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Olivia K L Hamilton
- Wellcome Trust 4-Year PhD in Translational Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Monique Hooley
- Wellcome Trust 4-Year PhD in Translational Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, 15 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK.,Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Tuula E Ritakari
- Wellcome Trust 4-Year PhD in Translational Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Wellcome Trust 4-Year PhD in Translational Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, 15 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK.,Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Medicine, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Emily N W Wheater
- Wellcome Trust 4-Year PhD in Translational Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.,Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Seeboth A, McCartney DL, Wang Y, Hillary RF, Stevenson AJ, Walker RM, Campbell A, Evans KL, McIntosh AM, Hägg S, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. DNA methylation outlier burden, health, and ageing in Generation Scotland and the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:49. [PMID: 32216821 PMCID: PMC7098133 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation outlier burden has been suggested as a potential marker of biological age. An outlier is typically defined as DNA methylation levels at any one CpG site that are three times beyond the inter-quartile range from the 25th or 75th percentiles compared to the rest of the population. DNA methylation outlier burden (the number of such outlier sites per individual) increases exponentially with age. However, these findings have been observed in small samples. RESULTS Here, we showed an association between age and log10-transformed DNA methylation outlier burden in a large cross-sectional cohort, the Generation Scotland Family Health Study (N = 7010, β = 0.0091, p < 2 × 10-16), and in two longitudinal cohort studies, the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 (N = 430, β = 0.033, p = 7.9 × 10-4) and 1936 (N = 898, β = 0.0079, p = 0.074). Significant confounders of both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between outlier burden and age included white blood cell proportions, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and batch effects. In Generation Scotland, the increase in epigenetic outlier burden with age was not purely an artefact of an increase in DNA methylation level variability with age (epigenetic drift). Log10-transformed DNA methylation outlier burden in Generation Scotland was not related to self-reported, or family history of, age-related diseases, and it was not heritable (SNP-based heritability of 4.4%, p = 0.18). Finally, DNA methylation outlier burden was not significantly related to survival in either of the Lothian Birth Cohorts individually or in the meta-analysis after correction for multiple testing (HRmeta = 1.12; 95% CImeta = [1.02; 1.21]; pmeta = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that, while it does not associate with ageing-related health outcomes, DNA methylation outlier burden does track chronological ageing and may also relate to survival. DNA methylation outlier burden may thus be useful as a marker of biological ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Seeboth
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Yunzhang Wang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
McCartney DL, Zhang F, Hillary RF, Zhang Q, Stevenson AJ, Walker RM, Bermingham ML, Boutin T, Morris SW, Campbell A, Murray AD, Whalley HC, Porteous DJ, Hayward C, Evans KL, Chandra T, Deary IJ, McIntosh AM, Yang J, Visscher PM, McRae AF, Marioni RE. An epigenome-wide association study of sex-specific chronological ageing. Genome Med 2019; 12:1. [PMID: 31892350 PMCID: PMC6938636 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-019-0693-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced age is associated with cognitive and physical decline and is a major risk factor for a multitude of disorders. There is also a gap in life expectancy between males and females. DNA methylation differences have been shown to be associated with both age and sex. Here, we investigate age-by-sex differences in blood-based DNA methylation in an unrelated cohort of 2586 individuals between the ages of 18 and 87 years, with replication in a further 4450 individuals between the ages of 18 and 93 years. METHODS Linear regression models were applied, with stringent genome-wide significance thresholds (p < 3.6 × 10-8) used in both the discovery and replication data. A second, highly conservative mixed linear model method that better controls the false-positive rate was also applied, using the same genome-wide significance thresholds. RESULTS Using the linear regression method, 52 autosomal and 597 X-linked CpG sites, mapping to 251 unique genes, replicated with concordant effect size directions in the age-by-sex interaction analysis. The site with the greatest difference mapped to GAGE10, an X-linked gene. Here, DNA methylation levels remained stable across the male adult age range (DNA methylation by age r = 0.02) but decreased across female adult age range (DNA methylation by age r = - 0.61). One site (cg23722529) with a significant age-by-sex interaction also had a quantitative trait locus (rs17321482) that is a genome-wide significant variant for prostate cancer. The mixed linear model method identified 11 CpG sites associated with the age-by-sex interaction. CONCLUSION The majority of differences in age-associated DNA methylation trajectories between sexes are present on the X chromosome. Several of these differences occur within genes that have been implicated in sexually dimorphic traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Futao Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Mairead L Bermingham
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Stewart W Morris
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Alison D Murray
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Tamir Chandra
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Advanced Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Stevenson AJ, McCartney DL, Hillary RF, Redmond P, Taylor AM, Zhang Q, McRae AF, Spires-Jones TL, McIntosh AM, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. Childhood intelligence attenuates the association between biological ageing and health outcomes in later life. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:323. [PMID: 31780646 PMCID: PMC6883059 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0657-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of biomarkers that discriminate individual ageing trajectories is a principal target of ageing research. Some of the most promising predictors of biological ageing have been developed using DNA methylation. One recent candidate, which tracks age-related phenotypes in addition to chronological age, is 'DNAm PhenoAge'. Here, we performed a phenome-wide association analysis of this biomarker in a cohort of older adults to assess its relationship with a comprehensive set of both historical, and contemporaneously-measured, phenotypes. Higher than expected DNAm PhenoAge compared with chronological age, known as epigenetic age acceleration, was found to associate with a number of blood, cognitive, physical fitness and lifestyle variables, and with mortality. Notably, DNAm PhenoAge, assessed at age 70, was associated with cognitive ability at age 11, and with educational attainment. Adjusting for age 11 cognitive ability attenuated the majority of the cross-sectional later-life associations between DNAm PhenoAge and health outcomes. These results highlight the importance of early life factors on healthy older ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Redmond
- Department for Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Department for Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department for Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hillary RF, McCartney DL, Harris SE, Stevenson AJ, Seeboth A, Zhang Q, Liewald DC, Evans KL, Ritchie CW, Tucker-Drob EM, Wray NR, McRae AF, Visscher PM, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. Genome and epigenome wide studies of neurological protein biomarkers in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3160. [PMID: 31320639 PMCID: PMC6639385 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although plasma proteins may serve as markers of neurological disease risk, the molecular mechanisms responsible for inter-individual variation in plasma protein levels are poorly understood. Therefore, we conduct genome- and epigenome-wide association studies on the levels of 92 neurological proteins to identify genetic and epigenetic loci associated with their plasma concentrations (n = 750 healthy older adults). We identify 41 independent genome-wide significant (P < 5.4 × 10-10) loci for 33 proteins and 26 epigenome-wide significant (P < 3.9 × 10-10) sites associated with the levels of 9 proteins. Using this information, we identify biological pathways in which putative neurological biomarkers are implicated (neurological, immunological and extracellular matrix metabolic pathways). We also observe causal relationships (by Mendelian randomisation analysis) between changes in gene expression (DRAXIN, MDGA1 and KYNU), or DNA methylation profiles (MATN3, MDGA1 and NEP), and altered plasma protein levels. Together, this may help inform causal relationships between biomarkers and neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Anne Seeboth
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David C Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Craig W Ritchie
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Elliot M Tucker-Drob
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.,Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK. .,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Stevenson AJ, McCartney DL, Harris SE, Taylor AM, Redmond P, Starr JM, Zhang Q, McRae AF, Wray NR, Spires-Jones TL, McColl BW, McIntosh AM, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. Trajectories of inflammatory biomarkers over the eighth decade and their associations with immune cell profiles and epigenetic ageing. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:159. [PMID: 30572949 PMCID: PMC6302523 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic age acceleration (an older methylation age compared to chronological age) correlates strongly with various age-related morbidities and mortality. Chronic systemic inflammation is thought to be a hallmark of ageing, but the relationship between an increased epigenetic age and this likely key phenotype of ageing has not yet been extensively investigated. METHODS We modelled the trajectories of the inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP; measured using both a high- and low-sensitivity assay) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) over the eighth decade in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Using linear mixed models, we investigated the association between CRP and immune cell profiles imputed from the methylation data and examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between the inflammatory biomarkers and two measures of epigenetic age acceleration, derived from the Horvath and Hannum epigenetic clocks. RESULTS We found that low-sensitivity CRP declined, high-sensitivity CRP did not change, and IL-6 increased over time within the cohort. CRP levels inversely associated with CD8+T cells and CD4+T cells and positively associated with senescent CD8+T cells, plasmablasts and granulocytes. Cross-sectionally, the Hannum, but not the Horvath, measure of age acceleration was positively associated with each of the inflammatory biomarkers, including a restricted measure of CRP (≤ 10 mg/L) likely reflecting levels relevant to chronic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We found a divergent relationship between inflammation and immune system parameters in older age. We additionally report the Hannum measure of epigenetic age acceleration associated with an elevated inflammatory profile cross-sectionally, but not longitudinally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel L. McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E. Harris
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adele M. Taylor
- Department for Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Redmond
- Department for Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John M. Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland Australia
| | - Allan F. McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland Australia
| | - Naomi R. Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland Australia
| | - Tara L. Spires-Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Barry W. McColl
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department for Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Riccardo E. Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
McCartney DL, Hillary RF, Stevenson AJ, Ritchie SJ, Walker RM, Zhang Q, Morris SW, Bermingham ML, Campbell A, Murray AD, Whalley HC, Gale CR, Porteous DJ, Haley CS, McRae AF, Wray NR, Visscher PM, McIntosh AM, Evans KL, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. Epigenetic prediction of complex traits and death. Genome Biol 2018; 19:136. [PMID: 30257690 PMCID: PMC6158884 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-018-1514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) profiling has allowed for the development of molecular predictors for a multitude of traits and diseases. Such predictors may be more accurate than the self-reported phenotypes and could have clinical applications. RESULTS Here, penalized regression models are used to develop DNAm predictors for ten modifiable health and lifestyle factors in a cohort of 5087 individuals. Using an independent test cohort comprising 895 individuals, the proportion of phenotypic variance explained in each trait is examined for DNAm-based and genetic predictors. Receiver operator characteristic curves are generated to investigate the predictive performance of DNAm-based predictors, using dichotomized phenotypes. The relationship between DNAm scores and all-cause mortality (n = 212 events) is assessed via Cox proportional hazards models. DNAm predictors for smoking, alcohol, education, and waist-to-hip ratio are shown to predict mortality in multivariate models. The predictors show moderate discrimination of obesity, alcohol consumption, and HDL cholesterol. There is excellent discrimination of current smoking status, poorer discrimination of college-educated individuals and those with high total cholesterol, LDL with remnant cholesterol, and total:HDL cholesterol ratios. CONCLUSIONS DNAm predictors correlate with lifestyle factors that are associated with health and mortality. They may supplement DNAm-based predictors of age to identify the lifestyle profiles of individuals and predict disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Robert F. Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Anna J. Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Stuart J. Ritchie
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - Rosie M. Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Stewart W. Morris
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Mairead L. Bermingham
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Alison D. Murray
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Lilian Sutton Building, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Heather C. Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, EH10 5HF UK
| | - Catharine R. Gale
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - David J. Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - Chris S. Haley
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Allan F. McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Naomi R. Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Peter M. Visscher
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, EH10 5HF UK
| | - Kathryn L. Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - Riccardo E. Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
This notice describes a correction to the above mentioned paper.
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single patient or 'n-of-1' trials are a pragmatic method to achieve optimal, evidence-based treatments for individual patients. Such trials could be particularly valuable in chronic, heterogeneous, difficult to treat illnesses such as schizophrenia.AimsTo identify how often, and in what way, n-of-1 trials have been used in schizophrenia. METHOD We performed a systematic search in the major electronic databases for studies adopting n-of-1 methodology in schizophrenia, published in English from the start of records until the end of January 2017. RESULTS We identified six studies meeting inclusion criteria. There was wide variability in study methodology and analysis. Each trial reported positive outcomes for their respective intervention, but all studies were at high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, n-of-1 trials are currently underutilised in schizophrenia. Existing trials suggest the method is well tolerated and potentially effective in achieving optimal treatments for patients, but more standardised methods of design, execution and analysis are required in future trials.Declaration of interestS.M.L. has received grants and personal fees from Janssen, and personal fees from Otsuka and Sunovion, in the past 3 years, outside the submitted work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie F. M. Marwick
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK,Correspondence: Katie F. M. Marwick, Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh EH10 5HF.
| | - Anna J. Stevenson
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caitlin Davies
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stephen M. Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
McCartney DL, Stevenson AJ, Walker RM, Gibson J, Morris SW, Campbell A, Murray AD, Whalley HC, Porteous DJ, McIntosh AM, Evans KL, Deary IJ, Marioni RE. Investigating the relationship between DNA methylation age acceleration and risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2018; 10:429-437. [PMID: 30167451 PMCID: PMC6111045 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The “epigenetic clock” is a DNA methylation–based estimate of biological age and is correlated with chronological age—the greatest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Genetic and environmental risk factors exist for AD, several of which are potentially modifiable. In this study, we assess the relationship between the epigenetic clock and AD risk factors. Methods Multilevel models were used to assess the relationship between age acceleration (the residual of biological age regressed onto chronological age) and AD risk factors relating to cognitive reserve, lifestyle, disease, and genetics in the Generation Scotland study (n = 5100). Results We report significant associations between age acceleration and body mass index, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios, socioeconomic status, high blood pressure, and smoking behavior (Bonferroni-adjusted P < .05). Discussion Associations are present between environmental risk factors for AD and age acceleration. Measures to modify such risk factors might improve the risk profile for AD and the rate of biological ageing. Future longitudinal analyses are therefore warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L McCartney
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Jude Gibson
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Stewart W Morris
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Archie Campbell
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Alison D Murray
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - David J Porteous
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.,Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Coleman-Minahan K, Stevenson AJ, Rooke-Ley E, Hays S. Young women’s experiences seeking a judicial bypass for abortion in Texas in the wake of HB 3994. Contraception 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
41
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percutaneous internal fixation of pelvic fractures is increasing in popularity with multiple new techniques reported. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this article is to outline the imaging, indication, planning, equipment, surgical technique and complications of these methods. METHODS A review of the literature is provided and the techniques for anterior and posterior pelvic stabilization are discussed. RESULTS High-quality preoperative CT scans are essential in planning for this technique. The anterior internal fixator ("InFix") is an effective method for stabilizing the anterior ring and should be usually used in conjunction with posterior fixation. Good technique avoids neurovascular injury, which can be a devastating complication. The retrograde anterior column screw (RACS) is a technique that can be used in most patients, although in smaller patients smaller screw diameters may be needed. The entry point for the screw is more lateral in women than men. Iliosacral screws (ISS) are an effective method of posterior stabilization and can be placed using 2D or 3D fluoroscopy, computer navigation or CT navigation. CONCLUSION Percutaneous fixation of pelvic fractures requires high-quality imaging and can be aided by computer navigation. Safe techniques are reproducible; however, not all patients and fracture patterns can be treated using these techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Stevenson
- Pelvic Reconstruction and Trauma Fellow, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - B Swartman
- Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Deutschland
| | - A T Bucknill
- Pelvic Reconstruction and Trauma Fellow, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia. .,Head of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, 3050, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dahill M, Stevenson AJ, Hughes AM, Williams JL. Comparison of arthroscopic and MRI findings of osteochondral damage in knees. Bull Hosp Jt Dis (2013) 2014; 72:284-287. [PMID: 25986353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are widely used in the assessment of knees, often prior to arthroscopic procedures. The reporting of osteochondral damage on MRI scans can be variable. The correlation between MRI reports of osteochondral damage and that found at arthroscopy is often inconsistent. A retrospective case-note review of a single-surgeon series of 175 arthroscopic procedures was performed. Eighty-three patients were included in the study. The remainder were excluded if an MRI scan had not been performed or had been performed more than 3-months before surgery. The condition of the articular cartilage demonstrated by MRI was compared to that found at arthroscopy. Data was analysed for presence and extent of osteochondral damage. Comparison between MRI and arthroscopy findings showed high specificity (90%) and negative predictive values (89%) for osteochondral damage but low sensitivity (46%). Cohen's kappa values < 0.2 revealed very poor correlation for the extent of damage. This study demonstrates MRI as a good identifier of osteochondral damage but an unreliable descriptor for such change.
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
From a global point of view, chronic haematogenous osteomyelitis in children remains a major cause of musculoskeletal morbidity. We have reviewed the literature with the aim of estimating the scale of the problem and summarising the existing research, including that from our institution. We have highlighted areas where well-conducted research might improve our understanding of this condition and its treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Wynn Jones
- Wrightington Hospital, Hall Lane, Appley Bridge, Wigan, WN6 9EP, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hatcher LE, Warren MR, Allan DR, Brayshaw SK, Johnson AL, Fuertes S, Schiffers S, Stevenson AJ, Teat SJ, Woodall CH, Raithby PR. Metastable Linkage Isomerism in [Ni(Et4dien)(NO2)2]: A Combined Thermal and Photocrystallographic Structural Investigation of a Nitro/Nitrito Interconversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
45
|
Hatcher LE, Warren MR, Allan DR, Brayshaw SK, Johnson AL, Fuertes S, Schiffers S, Stevenson AJ, Teat SJ, Woodall CH, Raithby PR. Metastable Linkage Isomerism in [Ni(Et4dien)(NO2)2]: A Combined Thermal and Photocrystallographic Structural Investigation of a Nitro/Nitrito Interconversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8371-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
46
|
Brayshaw SK, Schiffers S, Stevenson AJ, Teat SJ, Warren MR, Bennett RD, Sazanovich IV, Buckley AR, Weinstein JA, Raithby PR. Cover Picture: Highly Efficient Visible‐Light Driven Photochromism: Developments towards a Solid‐State Molecular Switch Operating through a Triplet‐Sensitised Pathway (Chem. Eur. J. 16/2011). Chemistry 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201190076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon K. Brayshaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| | - Stephanie Schiffers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| | - Anna J. Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley California 94720 (USA)
| | - Mark R. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| | - Robert D. Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114‐2229346
| | - Igor V. Sazanovich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114‐2229346
| | - Alastair R. Buckley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH (UK)
| | - Julia A. Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114‐2229346
| | - Paul R. Raithby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Brayshaw SK, Schiffers S, Stevenson AJ, Teat SJ, Warren MR, Bennett RD, Sazanovich IV, Buckley AR, Weinstein JA, Raithby PR. Highly Efficient Visible‐Light Driven Photochromism: Developments towards a Solid‐State Molecular Switch Operating through a Triplet‐Sensitised Pathway. Chemistry 2011; 17:4385-95. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon K. Brayshaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| | - Stephanie Schiffers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| | - Anna J. Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley California 94720 (USA)
| | - Mark R. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| | - Robert D. Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114‐2229346
| | - Igor V. Sazanovich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114‐2229346
| | - Alastair R. Buckley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH (UK)
| | - Julia A. Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114‐2229346
| | - Paul R. Raithby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK), Fax: (+44) 1225‐386231
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Burrows AD, Kelly DJ, Mahon MF, Raithby PR, Richardson C, Stevenson AJ. Silver coordination networks and cages based on a semi-rigid bis(isoxazolyl) ligand. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:5483-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10029g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
49
|
Burrows AD, Frost CG, Mahon MF, Raithby PR, Renouf CL, Richardson C, Stevenson AJ. Dipyridyl β-diketonate complexes: versatile polydentate metalloligands for metal–organic frameworks and hydrogen-bonded networks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:5067-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00646g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
50
|
Burrows AD, Frost CG, Mahon MF, Raithby PR, Richardson C, Stevenson AJ. Solid state interconversion of cages and coordination networks via conformational change of a semi-rigid ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:5064-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00826e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|