1
|
Koivusilta LK, Acacio-Claro PJ, Mattila VM, Rimpelä AH. Health and health behaviours in adolescence as predictors of education and socioeconomic status in adulthood - a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1178. [PMID: 38671433 PMCID: PMC11055384 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The positive association of health with education level and socioeconomic status (SES) is well-established. Two theoretical frameworks have been delineated to understand main mechanisms leading to socioeconomic health inequalities: social causation and health selection but how these work in adolescence is poorly known. We studied if adolescent health and health behaviours predict higher education and higher SES in adulthood and if family background and school performance in adolescence explain these associations. METHODS Surveys on health and health behaviours were sent to representative samples of 12-18-year-old Finns in 1981-1997 every second year (response rate 77.8%, N = 55,682). The survey data were linked with the respondents' and their parents' socioeconomic data from the Finnish national registries. Both latent variables, namely, health (perceived health, health complaints, chronic disease), health-compromising behaviours (smoking status, drunkenness frequency), and family background (parents' occupation-based SES, education, family type) and variables directly measuring health-enhancing behaviours (toothbrushing, physical activity) and school performance were used to predict higher education and higher occupation-based SES at age 34. Logistic regression analysis and structural equation models (SEM) were used. RESULTS In logistic regression analyses, good health, health-enhancing behaviours, and lack of health-compromising behaviours were related to higher education and SES, also after controlling for family background and school performance. In the SEM analyses, good health, health-enhancing behaviours, and lack of health-compromising behaviours directly predicted higher SES and higher education, although the standardised coefficients were low (from 0.034 to 0.12). In all models, health, lack of health-compromising behaviours, and health-enhancing behaviours predicted school performance, which in turn, predicted the outcomes, suggesting indirect routes to these. Good socioeconomic prospects in terms of family background predicted good health, healthy behaviours, and good school performance in adolescence and higher SES and higher education in adulthood. CONCLUSION Health and health behaviours in adolescence predicted education and SES in adulthood. Even though the relationships were modest, they support the health selection hypotheses and emphasise the importance of adolescence for health inequalities during the life-course. Health and health behaviours were strongly associated with school performance and family background which together modified the paths from health and health behaviours to the outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leena K Koivusilta
- Department of Social Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Paulyn Jean Acacio-Claro
- Department of Health Policy and Administration, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, and Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ville M Mattila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja H Rimpelä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, 33014, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Humphreys L, Morley B, Nuss T, Dixon H, Ambrosini GL, O'Flaherty C, Ledger M, Sartori A, Wakefield M. Evaluation of the population-level impacts of the LiveLighter® obesity prevention campaign from 2012 to 2019 based on serial cross-sectional surveys. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1016. [PMID: 38609966 PMCID: PMC11010377 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Halting and reversing the upward trend in obesity requires sustained implementation of comprehensive, evidence-based strategies at the population-level. The LiveLighter® program targets adults using a range of public education strategies, including mass media campaigns, to support healthy lifestyle changes to attain or maintain a healthy weight and reduce the risk of chronic disease. LiveLighter® has been implemented in Western Australia (WA) since 2012 and, to our knowledge, includes the longest running adult-targeted mass media campaign for healthy weight and lifestyle promotion and education globally. This evaluation assessed the impact of LiveLighter® on WA adults' knowledge, intentions and behaviours as they relate to healthy eating and body weight from 2012 to 2019. METHODS LiveLighter® mass media campaigns, which are TV-led and aired statewide, depict genuine, graphic imagery of visceral fat around internal organs to raise awareness about the link between excess body weight and chronic diseases; demonstrate how unhealthy food and drink consumption can contribute to unhealthy weight gain; and recommend healthy alternatives. Cross-sectional telephone surveys were conducted at baseline and following each campaign phase with an independent, randomly selected sample of WA adults aged 25 to 49 years (n = 501 to n = 1504 per survey) to assess their knowledge of the link between excess body weight and chronic diseases, and their intentions and behaviours related to healthy eating and weight. Multivariable logistic regression models were undertaken to assess differences in responses between baseline and each post-campaign survey. RESULTS Compared to baseline, there were significant increases in the proportion of respondents reporting knowledge of excess body weight as a risk factor for certain cancers and type 2 diabetes, intentions to eat more fruit and vegetables and drink less sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the next seven days, and the proportion of respondents who reported meeting guidelines for daily vegetable intake. Reported consumption of SSBs significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS LiveLighter® is associated with improvements in knowledge of the health risks associated with excess body mass, increased vegetable intake and reduced SSB consumption in WA adults. These findings support the use of sustained, well-designed healthy lifestyle promotion and education programs as part of a comprehensive obesity prevention strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Belinda Morley
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tegan Nuss
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Dixon
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Gina L Ambrosini
- WA Department of Health, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | | | - Melissa Ledger
- Cancer Council Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | | | - Melanie Wakefield
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rambukwella R, Westbury LD, Cooper C, Harvey NC, Dennison EM. Lifecourse correlates of self-rated health and associations with subsequent mortality: findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. J Med Surg Public Health 2024; 2:None. [PMID: 38666141 PMCID: PMC11039436 DOI: 10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Poor self-rated health (SRH) has been shown to predict adverse health outcomes among older people, however these associations have traditionally only been considered at one point in the lifecourse, usually midlife or later. Here we examined lifecourse correlates of SRH in early, mid and later life, relating these to subsequent risk of mortality in a community-dwelling cohort. Methods 2989 men and women from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study (HCS) were included in this study. The HCS was initially retrospective and linked contemporary health outcome data to early life data available from health ledgers but investigations from baseline (1998-2004, aged 59-73) onwards have been prospective. At baseline, participants completed an initial clinic visit, which included questionnaire assessment of SRH, reported as 'excellent', 'very good', 'good', 'fair', or 'poor'. Socioeconomic, lifestyle, mental health and demographic information was also collected. Deaths were recorded from baseline to 31/12/2018. Baseline characteristics in relation to SRH were examined using sex-stratified ordinal logistic regression; these factors were examined in relation to mortality using sex-stratified Cox regression. Statistically significant exposures were then included in sex-stratified mutually-adjusted models. Results In mutually-adjusted analysis, numerous contemporaneous correlates of poorer SRH in the seventh decade were identified and included obesity, lower physical activity, greater comorbidity and higher levels of depression among men and women. For example, odds ratios for being in a lower category of SRH were as follows: obese (BMI≥30) vs underweight/healthy (BMI<25) (men 1.60 (1.21, 2.11), women 1.65 (1.25, 2.17)) and per additional system medicated (men 1.62 (1.47, 1.77), women 1.53 (1.41, 1.66)). By contrast, factors earlier in the lifecourse (early growth, age left full-time education) were not associated with SRH in late adulthood. 36% of men and 26% of women died during follow-up. Hazard ratios (95% CI) for mortality per lower category of SRH were 1.22 (1.10,1.36) among men and 1.17 (1.01,1.35) among women after adjustment for age, BMI, smoking, physical activity, diet quality, education, home ownership status, comorbidity level and depression levels, suggesting residual confounding by other unrecorded factors that are related to SRH. Conclusions Poorer SRH in the seventh decade was a risk factor for mortality. Importantly modifiable adverse health behaviours in the seventh decade, such as low physical activity, were associated with poorer SRH and later mortality after adjustment for socioeconomic factors and comorbidity level. By contrast early growth and education were not related to later SRH. These data suggest that attention to lifestyle in late midlife may be associated with better SRH and subsequent health outcomes, highlighting the value of intervention at this stage of the lifecourse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Rambukwella
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Leo D. Westbury
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas C. Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine M. Dennison
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bourke-Taylor HM, Leo M, Tirlea L. Health, Wellbeing and Empowerment E-workshops for Mothers of Children with Disabilities: A Non-randomised Comparison Study. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06287-5. [PMID: 38520587 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06287-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Mothers of children with disabilities can experience compromised health. Targeted interventions require investigation to determine effectiveness. Healthy Mothers Healthy Families (HMHF) is a health, wellbeing and empowerment program that addresses mothers need to protect, and or, recover their own health due to caregiving impacts. This study compared the effectiveness of HMHF e-workshops online compared to no intervention. The HMHF e-workshops were delivered to 290 mothers across the 2020-2022 Covid-19 pandemic and 172 participated in research. The HMHF e-workshops included 3 online 2- hour workshops facilitated by credentialled peer-facilitators, closed online group chat, e-workbook and online learning package. Participants in both groups completed surveys pre and post the workshops (or control) over 8-10 weeks. Mothers who participated in HMHF significantly increased health help seeking behaviours (p < .001), and improved mental health and health behaviors over time: health behavior (p < .001), positive wellbeing (p < .004) and depression (p < .001) and stress symptoms (p = .005). Compared to controls, HMHF e-workshop participants significantly improved health behaviours (p < .001) and self-reported symptoms of depression (p = .002) and stress (p = .005) over 8-10 weeks. E-workshops were accessible and effective for mothers of children with high care needs and family responsibilities across the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to no intervention, the HMHF intervention was more effective for improving healthy behaviours and mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Bourke-Taylor
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building G, Level 4, McMahons Road, Frankston, VIC, 3199, Australia.
| | - Monica Leo
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building G, Level 4, McMahons Road, Frankston, VIC, 3199, Australia
| | - Loredana Tirlea
- Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, 3122, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Memedovich A, Orr T, Hollis A, Salmon C, Hu J, Zinszer K, Williamson T, Beall RF. Social network risk factors and COVID-19 vaccination: A cross-sectional survey study. Vaccine 2024; 42:891-911. [PMID: 38238114 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social networks have an important impact on our health behaviours, including vaccination. People's vaccination beliefs tend to mirror those of their social network. As social networks are homogenous in many ways, we sought to determine in the context of COVID-19 which factors were most predictive of belonging to a mostly vaccinated or unvaccinated social group. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey among Canadian residents in November and December 2021. Participants were asked about the vaccination status of their social networks their beliefs relating to COVID-19, and various sociodemographic factors. Respondents were split into three groups based on social network vaccination: low-, medium-, and high-risk. Chi-squared tests tested associations between factors and risk groups, and an ordinal logistic model was created to determine their direction and strength. RESULTS Most respondents (81.1 %) were classified as low risk (i.e., a mostly vaccinated social network) and few respondents (3.7 %) were classified as high-risk (i.e., an unvaccinated social group). Both the chi-square test (29.2 % difference between the low- and high- risk groups [1.8 % vs. 31.0 %], p < 0.001) and the ordinal logistic model (odds ratio between the low- and high-risk groups: 14.45, p < 0.01) found that respondents' perceptions of COVID-19 as a "not at all serious" risk to Canadians was the most powerful predictor of belonging to a predominantly unvaccinated social circle. The model also found that those in mostly unvaccinated social circles also more often reported severe COVID-19 symptoms (odds ratio between the low- and high-risk groups: 2.26, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Perception of COVID-19 as a threat to others may signal communities with lower vaccination coverage and higher risk of severe outcomes. This may have implications for strategies to improve public outreach, messaging, and planning for downstream consequences of low intervention uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ally Memedovich
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Taylor Orr
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aidan Hollis
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Charleen Salmon
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kate Zinszer
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre for Public Health Research, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Tyler Williamson
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Reed F Beall
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen G, Olsen JA, Lamu AN. The influence of parents' and partner's education on own health behaviours. Soc Sci Med 2024; 343:116581. [PMID: 38242029 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The link between educational attainment and multiple health behaviours has been explained in various ways. This paper provides new insights into the social patterning in health behaviours by investigating the influence of parents' and partners' educational attainments on a composite indicator that integrates the four commonly studied lifestyle behaviours (smoking, alcohol, physical activity and BMI). Two key outcome indicators of interests were created to reflect both ends of the "healthy - unhealthy spectrum". Data was drawn from The Tromsø Study, conducted in 2015/16 (N = 21,083, aged 40-93 years). We controlled for two indicators of early life human capital and one personality trait variable. Partners' education attainments are relatively more important for avoiding unhealthy behaviour than choosing healthy behaviour; on the contrary, parents' education is more important for healthy behaviour. Heterogeneity by sex and age was also evident. The influences of partner's education on widening the socioeconomic contrasts in health behaviours were much stronger in the younger (40-59 years) age group. In conclusion, our results support the hypothesis that own health behaviour is affected by the educational attainments of our 'nearest and dearest' (i.e. spouse, mother, and father), net of own education. This study facilitates a better understanding of education-health behaviours nexus from a life course perspective and supports the importance of family-based interventions to improve healthy behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jan Abel Olsen
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Community Medicine, UiT - the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Division for Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Admassu N Lamu
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT - the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; NORCE - Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Carr AL, Massou E, Kelly MP, Ford JA. Mediating pathways that link adverse childhood experiences with cardiovascular disease. Public Health 2024; 227:78-85. [PMID: 38134567 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is uncertainty about which factors mediate the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This could inform secondary prevention targets. STUDY DESIGN Mediation analysis of a prospective cohort study. METHODS English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) wave 3 data (2006/7) were used to measure retrospective exposure to 12 individual ACEs and waves 2 to 4 (2004/5 to 2008/9) data to measure current exposure to potential mediators [smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, depression, and C-reactive protein (CRP)]. Waves 4 to 9 ELSA data (2008/9 to 2018/19) were used to measure incident CVD. Cumulative ACE exposure was categorised into experiencing 0, 1 to 3, or ≥4 individual ACEs. Associations were tested between ACE categories, potential mediators, and incident CVD, to inform which variables were analysed in causal mediation models. RESULTS The analytical cohort consisted of 4547 participants (56% women), with a mean age of 64 years (standard deviation = 9 years). At least one ACE had been experienced by 45% of the cohort, and 24% developed incident CVD over a median follow-up period of 9.7 years (interquartile range: 5.3-11.4 years). After adjusting for potential confounders, experiencing ≥4 ACEs compared with none was associated with incident CVD [odds ratio (OR): 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 2.17], and the association of one to three ACEs compared with none was non-significant (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.24). There were two statistically significant mediators of the association between ≥4 ACEs and incident CVD: CRP and depression, which accounted for 10.7% and 10.8% of the association, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation and depression partially mediated the association between ACEs and CVD. Targeting these factors may reduce the future incidence of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Carr
- Cambridge Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - E Massou
- Cambridge Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - M P Kelly
- Cambridge Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - J A Ford
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rogerson MC, Jackson AC, Navaratnam HS, Le Grande MR, Higgins RO, Clarke J, Murphy BM. Behavioural and psychological telehealth support for people with cardiac conditions: randomized trial of the 'back on track' self-management programme. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024; 23:42-54. [PMID: 36989400 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Behaviour modification and mood management are essential to recovery after a cardiac event. Recent times have seen a major shift to remote delivery of cardiac services. This study assessed behavioural and psychological outcomes of the Back on Track online self-management programme, comparing the programme undertaken alone (self-directed) vs. with telephone support (supported). Relevance for people with depression was also assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants with cardiac conditions (n = 122) were randomly assigned to self-directed or supported groups and given access to the online programme for 2 months. The programme addressed depression, anxiety, physical activity, and healthy eating. Supported group participants also received two telephone sessions facilitated by a trained counsellor to further enhance their self-management skills and engagement with the online modules. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Active Australia Survey and Diet Quality Tool were administered at baseline, 2, and 6 months. χ2 tests were used to compare self-directed and supported groups. Cochrane's Q tests assessed changes over time in depression, anxiety, and physical activity (PA) and healthy diet guideline achievement. Participants in both groups showed reduced depression rates (self-directed, P < 0.05) and increased PA after programme completion (both groups, P < 0.05). Amongst those classified as depressed at baseline, significantly fewer were classified as depressed over time (P < 0.001) and significantly more were achieving the PA guidelines (P < 0.01) compared to those who were not depressed at baseline. CONCLUSIONS The Back on Track telehealth programme was effective in assisting with behavioural and emotional recovery after a cardiac event. The programme may be particularly beneficial for those who are depressed early in their recovery period. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12620000102976.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Rogerson
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, 75-79 Chetwynd St, PO Box 2137, North Melbourne, VIC 3051, Australia
| | - Alun C Jackson
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, 75-79 Chetwynd St, PO Box 2137, North Melbourne, VIC 3051, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre on Behavioral Health, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- PRC Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Hema S Navaratnam
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, 75-79 Chetwynd St, PO Box 2137, North Melbourne, VIC 3051, Australia
| | - Michael R Le Grande
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, 75-79 Chetwynd St, PO Box 2137, North Melbourne, VIC 3051, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rosemary O Higgins
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, 75-79 Chetwynd St, PO Box 2137, North Melbourne, VIC 3051, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne Clarke
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, 75-79 Chetwynd St, PO Box 2137, North Melbourne, VIC 3051, Australia
| | - Barbara M Murphy
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, 75-79 Chetwynd St, PO Box 2137, North Melbourne, VIC 3051, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Del Rio Carral M, Volpato L, Michoud C. 'I wanted to share with you some of my healthy habits': YouTubers' staging of health-related practices. Psychol Health 2024; 39:68-90. [PMID: 35350936 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2057495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Professional YouTubers have become highly popular in producing video content through self-mediation. Objective. The present article aimed to study ways in which lifestyle YouTubers construct health practices in their videos within the YouTube media culture. Design. We conducted a narrative and visual analysis across a selection of 15 videos. Results. Results showed that YouTubers' practices and recommendations for a better life were structured around three themes: Eating to live well; Exercising to live well; Resting to live well and, a fourth cross-cutting theme on Practices aimed at self-development to achieve health and happiness. YouTubers were mainly female presenting, as well as middle/upper-class and white appearing. An overall optimistic tone characterised their health stories, as they delivered personal experiences of success on becoming healthy, happy, and better persons, while encouraging viewers to act similarly. Our findings suggested that YouTubers actively contribute to construct unprecedented definitions of health, enhanced by the social media culture and broader societal logics of healthism and postfeminism. Conclusion. Our study constitutes an original contribution to critical health psychology by examining some of the paradoxes raised by social media influencers like YouTubers regarding health and wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Del Rio Carral
- Psychology, MOULINE, University of Lausanne- UNIL-Mouline, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Volpato
- Psychology, MOULINE, University of Lausanne- UNIL-Mouline, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Michoud
- Psychology, MOULINE, University of Lausanne- UNIL-Mouline, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Palmer SJ. Health behavioural changes in older people post pandemic. Br J Community Nurs 2023; 28:602-603. [PMID: 38032723 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2023.28.12.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This article explores the lasting effects of the pandemic on physical and mental health among older people due to behavioural change. It discusses ways in which older people can change their health behaviours once again, and regain what has temporarily been lost in their lives in terms of strength, fitness and mental wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jane Palmer
- Registered nurse and freelance writer, based at the Department for Work and Pensions as a disability analyst
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Scaglioni G, Chiereghin A, Bazzani C, Mezzetti F, Cavazza N. Psychosocial Predictors of Colorectal Cancer Screening Intention: An Experiment on the Invitation Letter. Int J Behav Med 2023; 30:867-877. [PMID: 36515798 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10142-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Italy, attendance rates for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening are suboptimal. The present work analysed cognitive and emotional predictors of CRC screening intention and tested an intervention on a real invitation letter to improve CRC screening intention, both directly and in interaction with the predictors of our model. METHODS Our model included variables from the theory of planned behaviour and the emotional barriers to bowel screening scale. We applied six changes to an invitation letter used in Italy to avoid the repetition of words like 'faeces', 'blood', or 'occult' and reduce the prompting of disgust. The 228 participants were randomly assigned to a between-participants design (original letter vs. manipulated letter). RESULTS Disgust hindered CRC screening intention, while embarrassment, fear, and subjective norms (i.e., perception of the social pressures to attend CRC screening) were not associated with intention to screen. More positive attitudes towards CRC screening were associated with a higher intention to screen. The positive association between perceived behavioural control and CRC screening intention was stronger for participants who read the letter with fewer (vs. more) references to bodily waste. Letter manipulation did not affect intention to screen. CONCLUSIONS The disgust associated with faecal matter is a critical factor in determining CRC screening attendance, and it should be acknowledged as such in public policies. Until new screening tests avoiding the activation of this emotional reaction are concretely available, public campaigns should improve CRC screening participation by boosting both positive attitudes towards screening and patients' perceived behavioural control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Scaglioni
- Department of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Cultural Industries, University of Parma, Borgo Carissimi 10, 43121, Parma, Italy.
| | - Angela Chiereghin
- Governance of Screening Programs Unit, Local Health Authority of Bologna, Via Montebello 6, 40121, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Bazzani
- Governance of Screening Programs Unit, Local Health Authority of Bologna, Via Montebello 6, 40121, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Mezzetti
- Governance of Screening Programs Unit, Local Health Authority of Bologna, Via Montebello 6, 40121, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cavazza
- Department of Communication and Economics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Antonio Allegri 9, 42121, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abdulkareem AA, Ghalib HA, Rashaan MI. Factors causing delayed presentations of breast cancer among female patients in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan region, Iraq. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:612. [PMID: 37974143 PMCID: PMC10655293 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02656-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since breast cancer (BC) has the best chance of being effectively treated when it is tiny and has not spread, encouraging early disease detection remains a fundamental goal in improving prognosis. OBJECTIVE To quantify the magnitude of the delay in BC presentation as well as the contributing factors related to this delay. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data was collected at the Breast Diseases Treatment Clinic, Shar Teaching Hospital, Sulaimani, Iraq from January 2017 to December 2021 of 429 patients. A validated questionnaire was distributed to women about their demographics, health, and general awareness of the disease. The patient delay was calculated by collecting information on when they initially began experiencing symptoms and when they saw a doctor. We also gleaned information about the tumour's clinicopathological features from the patient's medical records. RESULTS The participants' ages ranged from 24 to 85 years, with a mean of 49.6 ± 11. Most women were middle-aged (53.8%), from urban areas (80.2%), illiterate (41.7%), married (86.5%), housewives (79.0%), given birth to > 4 children (34%), practised breastfeeding (78.8%), and non-smokers (91.4%). Regarding patients' health behaviours, there were highly significant correlations between early and late presentation (p < 0.001). Concerning the patient's awareness of BC symptoms, there were highly significant correlations between early and late presentation (p < 0.001). In addition, the late presentation was strongly correlated with bilateral BC, lymph node involvement, inflammatory BC, grade III BC, and T4 status. CONCLUSIONS Our findings shed light on possible causes of late presentation and identified those at risk of delayed consultation. Our communities need to be educated about BC, and encouraging them for early detection decreases the incidence of advanced BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Abdulrazzaq Abdulkareem
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
- Department of Breast Diseases Treatment, Shar Teaching Hospital, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | - Hawar Ali Ghalib
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
| | - Mezjda Ismail Rashaan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Law JH, Sultan N, Finer S, Fudge N. Advancing the communication of genetic risk for cardiometabolic diseases: a critical interpretive synthesis. BMC Med 2023; 21:432. [PMID: 37953248 PMCID: PMC10641935 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetics play an important role in risk for cardiometabolic diseases-including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity. Existing research has explored the clinical utility of genetic risk tools such as polygenic risk scores-and whether interventions communicating genetic risk information using these tools can impact on individuals' cognitive appraisals of disease risk and/or preventative health behaviours. Previous systematic reviews suggest mixed results. To expand current understanding and address knowledge gaps, we undertook an interpretive, reflexive method of evidence synthesis-questioning the theoretical basis behind current interventions that communicate genetic risk information and exploring how the effects of genetic risk tools can be fully harnessed for cardiometabolic diseases. METHODS We obtained 189 records from a combination of database, website and grey literature searches-supplemented with reference chaining and expert subject knowledge within the review team. Using pre-defined critical interpretive synthesis methods, quantitative and qualitative evidence was synthesised and critiqued alongside theoretical understanding from surrounding fields of behavioural and social sciences. FINDINGS Existing interventions communicating genetic risk information focus predominantly on the "self", targeting individual-level cognitive appraisals, such as perceived risk and perceived behavioural control. This approach risks neglecting the role of contextual factors and upstream determinants that can reinforce individuals' interpretations of risk. It also assumes target populations to embody an "ascetic subject of compliance"-the idea of a patient who strives to comply diligently with professional medical advice, logically and rationally adopting any recommended lifestyle changes. We developed a synthesising argument-"beyond the ascetic subject of compliance"-grounded in three major limitations of this perspective: (1) difficulty applying existing theories/models to diverse populations, (2) the role of familial variables and (3) the need for a life course perspective. CONCLUSIONS Interventions communicating genetic risk information should account for wider influences that can affect individuals' responses to risk at different levels-including through interactions with their family systems, socio-cultural environments and wider health provision. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021289269.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hui Law
- Centre for Primary Care, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Najia Sultan
- Centre for Primary Care, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Finer
- Centre for Primary Care, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nina Fudge
- Centre for Primary Care, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Deslauriers F, Gosselin-Boucher V, Léger C, Vieira AM, Bacon SL, Lavoie KL. The impact of COVID-19 on the lives of Canadians with and without non-communicable chronic diseases: results from the iCARE Study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2106. [PMID: 37884921 PMCID: PMC10604733 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and its prevention policies have taken a toll on Canadians, and certain subgroups may have been disproportionately affected, including those with non-communicable diseases (NCDs; e.g., heart and lung disease) due to their risk of COVID-19 complications and women due to excess domestic workload associated with traditional caregiver roles during the pandemic. AIMS/OBJECTIVES We investigated the impacts of COVID-19 on mental health, lifestyle habits, and access to healthcare among Canadians with NCDs compared to those without, and the extent to which women with NCDs were disproportionately affected. METHODS As part of the iCARE study ( www.icarestudy.com ), data from eight cross-sectional Canadian representative samples (total n = 24,028) was collected via online surveys between June 4, 2020 to February 2, 2022 and analyzed using general linear models. RESULTS A total of 45.6% (n = 10,570) of survey respondents indicated having at least one physician-diagnosed NCD, the most common of which were hypertension (24.3%), chronic lung disease (13.3%) and diabetes (12.0%). In fully adjusted models, those with NCDs were 1.18-1.24 times more likely to report feeling lonely, irritable/frustrated, and angry 'to a great extent' compared to those without (p's < 0.001). Similarly, those with NCDs were 1.22-1.24 times more likely to report worse eating and drinking habits and cancelling medical appointments/avoiding the emergency department compared to those without (p's < 0.001). Moreover, although there were no sex differences in access to medical care, women with NCDs were more likely to report feeling anxious and depressed, and report drinking less alcohol, compared to men with NCDs (p's < 0.01). CONCLUSION Results suggest that people with NCDs in general and women in general have been disproportionately more impacted by the pandemic, and that women with NCDs have suffered greater psychological distress (i.e., feeling anxious, depressed) compared to men, and men with NCDs reported having increased their alcohol consumption more since the start of COVID-19 compared to women. Findings point to potential intervention targets among people with NCDs (e.g., prioritizing access to medical care during a pandemic, increasing social support for this population and mental health support).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Deslauriers
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS du Nord- de- l'Ile- de- Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Camille Léger
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS du Nord- de- l'Ile- de- Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ariany Marques Vieira
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS du Nord- de- l'Ile- de- Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon L Bacon
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS du Nord- de- l'Ile- de- Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kim L Lavoie
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS du Nord- de- l'Ile- de- Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Calderón Alfaro FA, Li YM, Okely J. Symptoms of depression and anxiety in young people in El Salvador: Associations with peer and family relationships, artistic activities and health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:838-846. [PMID: 37481127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known regarding the correlates of mental health, during the COVID-19 pandemic, in lower income countries. Using data from almost the entire population of graduating high school students in El Salvador, we examine the associations between depression and anxiety symptoms and potentially protective factors including peer and family relationships, health behaviours and artistic leisure activities. METHODS Data comes from the AVANZO survey conducted in El Salvador with 42,314 graduating high school students aged 15-21 in November 2020. Participants completed the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale and Socioemotional Skills Scale. Using a structural equation modelling framework, we tested the associations between these variables and whether these associations varied by sex. RESULTS Participants who experienced more positive family relationships reported fewer symptoms of depression (β = -0.304, p < .001) and anxiety (β = -0.103, p < .001). Similar results were found between health behaviours and symptoms of depression (β = -0.398, p < .001), and anxiety (β = -0.312, p < .001). Peer relationships were non-significantly associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Associations were similar for boys and girls. LIMITATIONS Students undertook the mental health survey as part of an academic test, which might have increased mental stress. The Socioemotional Skills Scales is newly developed, and results are cross-sectional. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insight into the experiences of an understudied population during the pandemic and identify positive family relationships and health behaviours as important correlates of mental health during this time.
Collapse
|
16
|
Olsen JA, Chen G, Lamu AN. The relative importance of education and health behaviour for health and wellbeing. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1981. [PMID: 37821861 PMCID: PMC10568892 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) and health behaviours (HB) are widely used predictors of health variations. Their relative importance is hard to establish, because HB takes a mediating role in the link between SEP and health. We aim to provide new knowledge on how SEP and HB are related to health and wellbeing. METHODS The analysis considered 14,713 Norwegians aged 40-63. Separate regressions were performed using two outcomes for health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L; EQ-VAS), and one for subjective wellbeing (Satisfaction with Life Scale). As predictors, we used educational attainment and a composite measure of HB - both categorized into four levels. We adjusted for differences in childhood financial circumstances, sex and age. We estimated the percentage share of each predictor in total explained variation, and the relative contributions of HB in the education-health association. RESULTS The reference case model, excluding HB, suggests consistent stepwise education gradients in health-related quality of life. The gap between the lowest and highest education was 0.042 on the EQ-5D-5 L, and 0.062 on the EQ-VAS. When including HB, the education effects were much attenuated, making HB take the lion share of the explained health variance. HB contributes 29% of the education-health gradient when health is measured by EQ-5D-5 L, and 40% when measured by EQ-VAS. For subjective wellbeing, we observed a strong HB-gradient, but no education gradient. CONCLUSION In the institutional context of a rich egalitarian country, variations in health and wellbeing are to a larger extent explained by health behaviours than educational attainment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Abel Olsen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT - the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
- Division for Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gang Chen
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Buck C, Pini S, Lally P, Beeken RJ, Fisher A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health behaviours of people living with and beyond breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer-a qualitative study. J Cancer Surviv 2023; 17:1488-1498. [PMID: 35854193 PMCID: PMC9296113 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-022-01234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Positive health behaviours (sufficient exercise, healthy diet, limiting alcohol, and not smoking) can improve multiple outcomes after a cancer diagnosis. Observational studies suggest that health behaviours were negatively impacted for some but not all individuals living with and beyond cancer. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore the impact of the pandemic on health behaviours of people in this population. METHODS Thirty participants were purposively sampled for characteristics including diagnostic group (breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers), gender, time since diagnosis, and age. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to discuss the impact of the pandemic on health behaviours. Thematic analysis and a secondary Ideal Types analysis were conducted. RESULTS Five themes covered changes in food, weight management, relationship to alcohol, and exercise. Five "types" were identified, representing orientations to health behaviours. The "gift of time" provided by the pandemic had an impact on health behaviours, with trends towards increases in drinking, eating unhealthy food, and exercising less. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic impacted engagement in positive health behaviours among participants in this study. Strict restrictions and changes in routines resulted in individuals adjusting how they managed their diet, alcohol intake, and exercise behaviours. The typology identified within this study helps to define how different orientation to health behaviours could underpin the responses of individual people LWBC. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Alongside providing an understanding of the experiences of people LWBC during the COVID-19 pandemic, the proposed typology suggests how, with further development, future health behaviour interventions in this group could be targeted based on individual orientations to health, rather than demographic or clinical variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Buck
- UCL Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB UK
| | - Simon Pini
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Level 10 Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9NL UK
| | - Phillippa Lally
- UCL Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB UK
| | - Rebecca J. Beeken
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Level 10 Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9NL UK
| | - Abigail Fisher
- UCL Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Welshman H, Dombrowski S, Grant A, Swanson V, Goudreau A, Currie S. Preconception knowledge, beliefs and behaviours among people of reproductive age: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Prev Med 2023; 175:107707. [PMID: 37730135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health of parents before pregnancy influences the short- and long-term health of their offspring. This systematic review explored the preconception knowledge, beliefs and behaviours held by women and men of childbearing age. METHODS Databases were searched from 2009 to 2022 (MEDLINE, CINAHL Full-text, PsycINFO, EMBASE). Inclusion criteria specified qualitative research papers which recruited individuals of reproductive age (16-45 years) without existing chronic illnesses. Data were quality assessed and analysed using thematic synthesis. RESULTS Twelve papers met inclusion criteria. Six themes were identified (cultural context, pregnancy planning, knowledge, gender roles and responsibility, information seeking, prior health behaviours) which relate to individual, social, psychological and cultural factors. Cultural context was related to all other themes. Pregnancy planners had greater motivation to optimise their health whereas those not actively planning were focused more on becoming financially stable. Women and men's knowledge of how and why to engage in health protective behaviours was limited, with health risks and behaviour change discussed in the context of pregnancy rather than preconception. Gender roles influenced individual responsibility for preparation for pregnancy, which in turn influenced information seeking behaviours and engagement in health behaviours. Online sources of support and information were seen as desirable, regardless of pregnancy planning stage. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that behaviour change interventions designed to support people to optimise health before conception should address cultural, individual, social and psychological factors to facilitate behaviour change. Development of online resources may help to increase accessibility for people across different cultural contexts and stages of pregnancy planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Welshman
- Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | | | - Aileen Grant
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Vivien Swanson
- Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alex Goudreau
- Science and Health Sciences Librarian, University of New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Sinéad Currie
- Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kong L, Lu T, Zheng C, Zhang H. Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Positive Health Behaviours Scale for clinical nurses: a cross-sectional translation. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:296. [PMID: 37653399 PMCID: PMC10470149 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational health is essential for nurses in clinical nursing practice. However, there is no specific tool for measuring the health behaviour of clinical nurses in China. This study aimed to translate the Positive Health Behaviours Scale into Chinese and validate its psychometric properties among clinical nurses. DESIGN A cross-sectional design with repeated measures. METHODS A total of 633 clinical nurses were recruited by convenience sampling from hospitals in Liaoning Province, China. After obtaining the authorization of the original author, the PHBS was translated into Chinese by the Brislin back-translation method. Item analysis was completed to evaluate item discrimination, and the Delphi method was adopted to analyse content validity. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to explore and validate the underlying factor structure. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were calculated to evaluate reliability. RESULTS A total of 29 items were retained in the item analysis, and the content validity index of the translated scale was 0.956. In the EFA, four common factors were extracted (nutrition, physical activity, relaxation and behaviours related to mental health and preventive behaviours), explaining 60.81% of the total variance. The results of the CFA were as follows: χ2/df = 1.363, GFI = 0.902, NFI = 0.909, IFI = 0.974, TLI = 0.971, CFI = 0.974, RMSEA = 0.034, and RMR = 0.023. The results of the EFA and CFA showed that the translated scale had good structural validity. Cronbach's α coefficient, the split-half reliability and the test-retest reliability of the Chinese version of the PHBS were 0.928, 0.953 and 0.891, respectively. At the same time, the translated scale had good reliability. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese version of the PHBS for clinical nurses had good psychometric properties. The results of the questionnaire survey effectively and comprehensively reflect the level of health behaviours in clinical nurses, which provides a scientific reference for determining the intervention target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Kong
- Departement of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Departement of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Departement of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Departement of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Górna K, Szpalik R, Rybakowski JK, Jaracz K. Health behaviours of patients with affective disorders: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:561. [PMID: 37542249 PMCID: PMC10401855 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe mental disorders, including affective disorders (AD), are associated with high rates of physical illnesses that lead to premature patient death. Excess somatic comorbidity may be partially explained by lifestyle factors. This study aimed to investigate the health behaviours (HBs) of patients with AD in comparison to the HBs of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and healthy controls (HCs) and to examine associations among HBs and sociodemographic and clinical factors, subjective quality of life and health status, and health locus of control. METHODS The sample consisted of 108 patients with AD, including 60 with bipolar disorder (BP) and 48 with unipolar disorder (UAD). Analyses included comparisons with a subgroup of AD individuals, patients with T2D and HCs matched in age and sex. The Health Behaviour Inventory was used to evaluate the overall levels of HBs and 4 HB categories. To identify independent determinants of health behaviours, a multivariate linear regression analysis was performed with factors identified as significant in bivariate analyses. RESULTS Most AD patients had a low level of HBs (40%), followed by moderate (35%) and high levels (25%), and there were no significant differences in HBs between the BP and UAD groups. Compared with the T2D and HC groups, the AD group had a significantly lower level of overall HBs and lower levels of HBs in one of the categories. Independent predictors of overall HBs were quality of life (β = 0.28, p < 0.001), age (β = 0.27, p = 0.002), and depressive symptoms (β = 0.23, p = 0.008). A total of 30% of the variance in HBs was explained. CONCLUSIONS These findings emphasise the need for a systematic assessment of single and multiple health behaviours to provide better care for patients with AD and reduce the potential adverse effects of an unhealthy lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Górna
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 2A, Poznań, 60-806, Poland.
| | - Renata Szpalik
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 2A, Poznań, 60-806, Poland
| | - Janusz K Rybakowski
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | - Krystyna Jaracz
- Department of Neurological Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 2A, Poznań, 60-806, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Celidoni M, Costa-Font J, Salmasi L. Mobility restrictions and alcohol use during lockdown: "A still and dry pandemic for the many"? Econ Hum Biol 2023; 50:101268. [PMID: 37517160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Unexpected mobility disruptions during lockdown during the first wave of COVID-19 became 'tipping points' with the potential to alter pre-pandemic routines sensitive to socialisation. This paper investigates the impact of lockdown exposure on alcohol consumption. We document two findings using information from the Google Mobility Report and longitudinal data from the Understanding Society survey (UKHLS) in the United Kingdom. First, we find a sharp reduction in both actual mobility and alcohol use (consistent with a "still and dry pandemic for the many" hypothesis). However, we document an increase in alcohol use among heavy drinkers, implying a split behavioural response to COVID-19 mobility restrictions based on alcohol use prior to the pandemic. Second, using the predictions of the prevalence-response elasticity theory, we find that the pandemic's reduction in social contacts is responsible for a 2.8 percentage point reduction in drinking among men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Celidoni
- Department of Economics and Management, University of Padova, Via Del Santo 33, 35123 Padua, Italy
| | - Joan Costa-Font
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), IZA Bonn & CESIfo Munich, Houghton Street WC2A 2AE, London, UK
| | - Luca Salmasi
- Department of Economics and Finance, Catholic University, Rome - Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chin J, Di Maio J, Weeraratne T, Kennedy KM, Oliver LK, Bouchard M, Malhotra D, Habashy J, Ding J, Bhopa S, Strommer S, Hardy-Johnson P, Barker M, Sloboda DM, McKerracher L. Resilience in adolescence during the COVID-19 crisis in Canada. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1097. [PMID: 37280549 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a social crisis that will have long-term health consequences for much of the global population, especially for adolescents. Adolescents are triply affected as they: 1) are experiencing its immediate, direct effects, 2) will carry forward health habits they develop now into adulthood, and 3) as future parents, will shape the early life health of the next generation. It is therefore imperative to assess how the pandemic is influencing adolescent wellbeing, identify sources of resilience, and outline strategies for attenuating its negative impacts. METHODS We report the results of longitudinal analyses of qualitative data from 28 focus group discussions (FGDs) with 39 Canadian adolescents and of cross-sectional analyses of survey data from 482 Canadian adolescents gathered between September 2020 and August 2021. FGD participants and survey respondents reported on their: socio-demographic characteristics; mental health and wellbeing before and during the pandemic; pre- and during-pandemic health behaviours; experiences living through a crisis; current perceptions of their school, work, social, media, and governmental environments; and ideas about pandemic coping and mutual aid. We plotted themes emerging from FGDs along a pandemic timeline, noting socio-demographic variations. Following assessment for internal reliability and dimension reduction, quantitative health/wellbeing indicators were analyzed as functions of composite socio-demographic, health-behavioural, and health-environmental indicators. RESULTS Our mixed methods analyses indicate that adolescents faced considerable mental and physical health challenges due to the pandemic, and were generally in poorer health than expected in non-crisis times. Nevertheless, some participants showed significantly better outcomes than others, specifically those who: got more exercise; slept better; were food secure; had clearer routines; spent more time in nature, deep in-person social relationships, and leisure; and spent less time on social media. CONCLUSIONS Support for youth during times of crisis is essential to future population health because adolescence is a period in the life course which shapes the health behaviours, socio-economic capacities, and neurophysiology of these future parents/carers and leaders. Efforts to promote resilience in adolescents should leverage the factors identified above: helping them find structure and senses of purpose through strong social connections, well-supported work and leisure environments, and opportunities to engage with nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Chin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC 4H30A, HamiltonHamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - J Di Maio
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC 4H30A, HamiltonHamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - T Weeraratne
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K M Kennedy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC 4H30A, HamiltonHamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - L K Oliver
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Bouchard
- Department of Epidemiology, and Occupational Health, McGill University, BiostatisticsMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - D Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J Habashy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J Ding
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S Bhopa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S Strommer
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - P Hardy-Johnson
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Primary Care Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - M Barker
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - D M Sloboda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC 4H30A, HamiltonHamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - L McKerracher
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus Institute for Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dunn AG, Purnat TD, Ishizumi A, Nguyen T, Briand S. Measuring the burden of infodemics with a research toolkit for connecting information exposure, trust, and health behaviours. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:102. [PMID: 37277857 PMCID: PMC10240452 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During a public health emergency, accurate and useful information can be drowned out by questions, concerns, information voids, conflicting information, and misinformation. Very few studies connect information exposure and trust to health behaviours, which limits available evidence to inform when and where to act to mitigate the burden of infodemics, especially in low resource settings. This research describes the features of a toolkit that can support studies linking information exposure to health behaviours at the individual level. METHODS To meet the needs of the research community, we determined the functional and non-functional requirements of a research toolkit that can be used in studies measuring topic-specific information exposure and health behaviours. Most data-driven infodemiology research is designed to characterise content rather than measure associations between information exposure and health behaviours. Studies also tend to be limited to specific social media platforms, are unable to capture the breadth of individual information exposure that occur online and offline, and cannot measure differences in trust by information source or content. Studies are also designed very differently, limiting synthesis of results. RESULTS We demonstrate a way to address these requirements via a web-based study platform that includes an app that participants use to record topic-specific information exposure, a browser plugin for tracking access to relevant webpages, questionnaires that can be delivered at any time during a study, and app-based incentives for participation such as visual analytics to compare trust levels with other participants. Other features of the platform include the ability to tailor studies to local contexts, ease of use for participants, and frictionless sharing of de-identified data for aggregating individual participant data in international meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our proposed solution will be able to capture detailed data about information exposure and health behaviour data, standardise study design while simultaneously supporting localisation, and make it easy to synthesise individual participant data across studies. Future research will need to evaluate the toolkit in realistic scenarios to understand the usability of the toolkit for both participants and investigators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Dunn
- Biomedical Informatics and Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tina D Purnat
- Department for Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Atsuyoshi Ishizumi
- Department for Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tim Nguyen
- Department for Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Briand
- Department for Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention, Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kalita K, Leszczak J, Czenczek-Lewandowska E, Mazur A. Assessment of Health Behaviours and Satisfaction with Life among Catholic Priests in Poland. J Relig Health 2023; 62:1676-1694. [PMID: 36645611 PMCID: PMC9842205 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the health behaviours of diocesan priests in Poland and their level of life satisfaction. The specific goal was to determine the factors that most affect their quality of health (internal health control, the influence of others or coincidence) and life satisfaction (positive mental attitude, preventive behaviour, eating habits, health practices). The study involved 250 diocesan priests from the Podkarpackie region who took part in the research by completing an anonymous questionnaire. The questions were mainly based on tools for assessing health behaviours, namely the HBI-health behaviour inventory, MHLC-multidimensional scale of health locus of control and the SWLS-satisfaction with life scale. The general index of health behaviour of clergymen on the HBI scale was 77.12 ± 16.20 (Me = 78), showing a moderate level on the sten scale. On the MHLC health locus of control scale, the respondents believed that their health depended most on internal control: 25.27 ± 5.10 and the influence of others: 23.13 ± 5.57, are of utmost importance for their health. To a lesser extent they believed that health was dependent on chance: 17.60 ± 5.95. The SWLS satisfaction with life index was 22.51 ± 5.43 (Me = 23), also within the moderate range of the sten scale. The factors most closely related to the assessment of life satisfaction were positive mental attitudes and the overall HBI index. The health behaviours of priests measured by the HBI scale and the level of satisfaction with the life of SWLS clergymen are within a moderate range. On the MHLC scale, priests likewise believe that their health depends on themselves and then on others. They are clearly less likely to indicate accidental causes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kalita
- BBIAS Office for Statistical Research and Analysis Rzeszów, Ul. Malownicza 36, 35-304, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Justyna Leszczak
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Al. Rejtana 16C, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | | | - Artur Mazur
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Al. Rejtana 16C, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Marvin-Dowle K, Soltani H. Inter-Generational Differences in Perinatal Health Behaviours: A Secondary Analysis of the Born in Bradford Cohort, Disentangling Ethnicity and Migration. Matern Child Health J 2023:10.1007/s10995-023-03637-0. [PMID: 37162712 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There exists a body of research regarding ethnic differences in perinatal health whereas this is not the case concerning the role of migration status and acculturation in attenuating these differences. This study aims to investigate determinants of health during pregnancy up to one-year postpartum by migration status. METHODS The study utilises data collected by the Born in Bradford cohort. The focus of analysis was migration status groupings, based on self-reported country of birth of participants and their parents and grandparents. Chi-Square, one-way ANOVA and correlation coefficients examined relationships between variables. RESULTS Migrant women were less likely to smoke (native: 34.4%, 1st generation: 2.8%, 2nd generation: 8.6%) or to be obese (native: 25.5%, 1st generation: 17.4%, 2nd generation: 21.3%) compared to native women. Migrants were less physically active at 6 months (Mean (SD) minutes/week: native 265 (245), 1st generation 113 (162), 2nd generation 147 (182)) with larger increases in BMI over time compared to native women. Migrant women were more likely to be suffering psychological distress at baseline and 6 months postpartum and migrant families were more likely to live in areas of high socio-economic deprivation, despite higher levels of educational attainment. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE This study ethnicity and migration identifies some important differences between ethnic groups with different migration histories, therefore indicating that healthcare professionals should consider eliciting full migration histories to improve care. The impact of these differences on perinatal outcomes is a priority for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Marvin-Dowle
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Collegiate Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2BP, United Kingdom.
| | - Hora Soltani
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Collegiate Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2BP, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nakagomi A, Tsuji T, Saito M, Ide K, Kondo K, Shiba K. Social isolation and subsequent health and well-being in older adults: A longitudinal outcome-wide analysis. Soc Sci Med 2023; 327:115937. [PMID: 37167920 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social isolation has become a serious public health issue. However, most previous studies examine the relationship between social isolation and a single outcome. We aimed to conduct holistic assessments to understand the multidimensional impacts of social isolation on health and well-being. METHODS We used the three-wave data (2013, 2016, and 2019) obtained from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Our exposure, obtained from the 2016 survey, was the Social Isolation Index (SII) comprising five components: no partner, poor interaction with children, poor interaction with relatives, poor interaction with friends, and no social participation). We assessed 36 health and well-being outcomes across six dimensions obtained from the 2019 survey: physical/cognitive health, health behaviours, mental health, subjective well-being, social isolation, and cognitive social capital. Pre-exposure characteristics and prior outcome levels in 2013 were adjusted. We included 47,318 respondents for 4 outcomes (death, dementia, and functional disability) and 34,187 respondents for 32 other outcomes. The Bonferroni correction was used to correct for multiple tests. RESULTS The total SII scores were associated with a wide range of health and well-being outcomes across the six dimensions. Specifically, we found a robust association between an SII score of four or greater with mortality (Odds ratio: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.46-2.43). Among the five components of the SII, poor interaction with friends and no social participation showed robust associations with a wide range of health and well-being. We also found some robust evidence regarding effect modification by gender and age in the associations between the components of the SII and health and well-being. CONCLUSIONS Social isolation, specifically social interaction with friends and social participation, may affect a wide range of health and well-being among older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nakagomi
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashige Saito
- Department of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Chita-gun, Aichi, Japan; Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ide
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koichiro Shiba
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Brown R, Sillence E, Pepper G. Perceptions of control over different causes of death and the accuracy of risk estimations. Z Gesundh Wiss 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37361271 PMCID: PMC10102679 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background A large number of deaths could be avoided by improving health behaviours. The degree to which people invest in their long-term health is influenced by how much they believe they can control their risk of death. Identifying causes of death believed to be uncontrollable, but likely to occur, may provide actionable targets for health interventions to increase control beliefs and encourage healthier behaviours. Method We recruited a nationally representative online sample of 1500 participants in the UK. We assessed perceived control, perceived personal likelihood of death, certainty of risk estimation, and perceived knowledge for 20 causes of death. We also measured overall perceived uncontrollable mortality risk (PUMR) and perceived prevalence for each of the Office for National Statistics' categories of avoidable death. Findings Risk of death due to cancer was considered highly likely to occur but largely beyond individual control. Cardiovascular disease was considered moderately controllable and a likely cause of death. Drugs and alcohol were perceived as risks both high in control and low in likelihood of death. However, perceptions of control over specific causes of death were found not to predict overall PUMR, with the exception of cardiovascular disease. Finally, our sample substantially overestimated the prevalence of drug and alcohol-related deaths in the UK. Conclusions We suggest that more can be done by public health communicators to emphasise the lifestyle and behavioural changes that individuals can make to reduce their general cancer risk. More work is needed to understand the barriers to engaging with preventative behaviours and maintaining a healthy heart. Finally, we call for greater journalistic responsibility when reporting health risks to the public. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01910-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Brown
- Psychology Department, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle, NE1 8SG UK
| | - Elizabeth Sillence
- Psychology Department, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle, NE1 8SG UK
| | - Gillian Pepper
- Psychology Department, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle, NE1 8SG UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Amorim M, Soares S, Abrahamyan A, Severo M, Fraga S. Patterns of childhood adversity and health outcomes in early adolescence: Results from the generation XXI cohort. Prev Med 2023; 171:107500. [PMID: 37031908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
This longitudinal population-based birth cohort study aims to identify childhood adversity patterns over the first 13 years of life and to examine its association with health-related behaviours and outcomes in early adolescence. Using data from the Portuguese birth cohort Generation XXI, we performed latent class analysis to explore the underlying patterns of adversity from birth to early adolescence, using 13 adversity items assessed in five time points. Health-related behaviours and outcomes were evaluated at 13 years. Adjusting for parental unemployment, logistic regression models were performed to determine the association between adversity patterns and outcomes. Among 8647 participants, three adversity patterns were identified: "low adversity" (56.1%), "household dysfunction" (17.2%) and "multiple adversities" (26.7%). For the "household dysfunction" pattern, girls and boys showed associations with increased odds of alcohol/tobacco use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-2.40; AOR:1.84; CI:1.38-2.46, respectively) and depressive symptoms (AOR:2.34; CI:1.58-3.48; AOR:5.45; CI:2.86-10.38, respectively). Boys also presented low consumption of fruits/vegetables (AOR:1.51; CI:1.04-2.19). For the "multiple adversities" pattern, both girls and boys showed an increased probability of alcohol/tobacco use (AOR:1.82; CI:1.42-2.33; AOR:1.63; CI:1.30-2.05, respectively) and depressive symptoms (AOR:3.41; CI:2.46-4.72; AOR:5.21; CI:2.91-9.32, respectively). Boys also revealed increased odds of low consumption of fruits/vegetables (AOR:1.67; CI:1.24-2.23). Childhood adversity patterns are associated with unhealthy behaviours and depressive symptoms in early adolescence. Public policies and early interventions targeting vulnerable children, families and communities can potentially reduce the detrimental effects of adversities on health and promote individual and community resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Amorim
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Soares
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Arminé Abrahamyan
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Fraga
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Asare BYA, Robinson S, Powell D, Kwasnicka D. Health and related behaviours of fly-in fly-out workers in the mining industry in Australia: a cross-sectional study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:105-120. [PMID: 35879565 PMCID: PMC9312312 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01908-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fly-In Fly-Out (FIFO), which entails travelling mostly from the urban areas to stay and work in remote areas for designated periods and travel back home to spend designated days of leave, has become a common work arrangement in the mining sector globally. This study examined the mental and physical health of FIFO workers and described their health-related behaviours during on-and off-shift periods. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with FIFO workers (N = 216) in the mining industry in Australia who completed an online survey. Paired t-test and McNemer's analysis examined the differences in health-related behaviours during workers' on-and off-shift days. Logistic regression examined the predictors of physical health and psychological distress status of FIFO workers. RESULTS Workers reported longer sleep duration (7.5 ± 1.5 h vs 6.3 ± 1.2 h, p < 0.001) and better sleep quality (78.2% vs 46.3%, p < 0.001) during off-shift nights than on on-shift nights. Smoking prevalence was 26.4%, and workers reported smoking a similar number of cigarettes per day during on-and off-shift days. Most workers reported drinking alcohol (86.1%) and more often at risky levels during off-shift than on-shift days (57.9% vs 34.3%, p < 0.001). Fruits and vegetable consumption was low but with higher vegetable intake during off-shift days (2.8 ± 1.4 vs 2.3 ± 1.3 serves, p < 0.001). Workers had good physical health status (91.2%), but 71.4% were overweight/obese and 33.4% indicated high levels of psychological distress. Working on long shifts (OR 6.63, 95% CI 1.84-23.91) and smoking (OR 7.17, 95% CI 2.67-19.26) were linked to high psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of psychological distress and risky health behaviours was high. Interventions should aim to reduce psychological distress and support multiple behaviour changes, considering FIFO work-related characteristics including long shift hours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah Asare
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia. .,Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- grid.1032.00000 0004 0375 4078Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth, WA 6102 Australia ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Deakin Health Economics, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Daniel Powell
- grid.7107.10000 0004 1936 7291Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK ,grid.7107.10000 0004 1936 7291Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Dominika Kwasnicka
- grid.433893.60000 0001 2184 0541Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XNHMRC CRE in Digital Technology to Transform Chronic Disease Outcomes, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhou Y, Berridge C, Hooyman NR, Sadak T, Mroz TM, Phelan EA. Development of a behavioural framework for dementia care partners' fall risk management. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:975. [PMID: 36528769 PMCID: PMC9758825 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although older adults living with dementia (OLWD) are at high risk for falls, few strategies that effectively reduce falls among OLWD have been identified. Dementia care partners (hereinafter referred to as "care partners") may have a critical role in fall risk management (FRM). However, little is known about the ways care partners behave that may be relevant to FRM and how to effectively engage them in FRM. METHODS Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 primary care partners (age: 48-87; 79% women; 50% spouses/partners; 64% completed college; 21% people of colour) of community-dwelling OLWD to examine their FRM behaviours, and their observations of behaviours adopted by other care partners who were secondary in the caring role. RESULTS The analysis of interview data suggested a novel behavioural framework that consisted of eight domains of FRM behaviours adopted across four stages. The domains of FRM behaviours were 1. functional mobility assistance, 2. assessing and addressing health conditions, 3. health promotion support, 4. safety supervision, 5. modification of the physical environment, 6. receiving, seeking, and coordinating care, 7. learning, and 8. self-adjustment. Four stages of FRM included 1. supporting before dementia onset, 2. preventing falls, 3. preparing to respond to falls, and 4. responding to falls. FRM behaviours varied by the care partners' caring responsibilities. Primary care partners engaged in behaviours from all eight behavioural domains; they often provided functional mobility assistance, safety supervision, and modification of the physical environment for managing fall risk. They also adopted behaviours of assessing and addressing health conditions, health promotion support, and receiving, seeking and coordinating care without realizing their relevance to FRM. Secondary care partners were reported to assist in health promotion support, safety supervision, modification of the physical environment, and receiving, seeking, and coordinating care. CONCLUSIONS The multi-domain and multi-stage framework derived from this study can inform the development of tools and interventions to effectively engage care partners in managing fall risk for community-dwelling OLWD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjin Zhou
- grid.89336.370000 0004 1936 9924Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Clara Berridge
- grid.34477.330000000122986657School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Nancy R. Hooyman
- grid.34477.330000000122986657School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Tatiana Sadak
- grid.34477.330000000122986657School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Tracy M. Mroz
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Phelan
- grid.34477.330000000122986657School of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, School of Public Health, Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Collonnaz M, Riglea T, Kalubi J, O'Loughlin J, Naud A, Kestens Y, Agrinier N, Minary L. Social network analysis to study health behaviours in adolescents: A systematic review of methods. Soc Sci Med 2022; 315:115519. [PMID: 36403351 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our objectives were (i) to systematically review how SNA is used in studies investigating adolescent health behaviours (i.e., the purpose of using SNA, methods used for network data collection and analysis), and (ii) to develop methodological guidelines to help researchers use SNA in studies on adolescent health behaviours. METHODS Five databases were searched using keywords related to "social network analysis" and "adolescents". We extracted data from included articles pertaining to the choice of methods for network data collection and analysis. We used these data to develop a 5-step decision tree to help researchers make methodological decisions most appropriate to their research objectives. RESULTS A total of 201 articles were included. Most investigated tobacco (50%) or alcohol use (48%). SNA was used most often to examine processes related to peer selection or influence (37%) and/or to examine the effect of sociometric position on health behaviours (34%). 181 studies (90%) used a sociocentric approach for SNA, 16 studies (8%) used an egocentric approach, and 4 studies (2%) used both. We identified five decision-making steps in SNA including the choice of: (i) network boundary, (ii) SNA approach, (iii) methods for name generators, (iv) methods for name interpreters, and (iv) SNA indicators. CONCLUSION This study provides insights and guidance in a 5-step decision tree on practical and methodological considerations in using SNA to explore adolescent health behaviours.
Collapse
|
32
|
Miller N, Conway R, Pini S, Buck C, Gil N, Lally P, Beeken RJ, Fisher A. Exploring the perceived impact of social support on the health behaviours of people living with and beyond cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:8357-8366. [PMID: 35879472 PMCID: PMC9311339 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Social support facilitated healthy behaviours in people living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) before the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about how social support impacted their health behaviours during the pandemic when social restrictions were imposed. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore how social support was perceived to impact the health behaviours of people LWBC during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted via telephone with 24 adults living with and beyond breast, prostate and colorectal cancer. Inductive and deductive framework analysis was used to analyse the data. RESULTS Five themes developed. These were (1) Companionship and accountability as motivators for physical activity, (2) Social influences on alcohol consumption, (3) Instrumental support in food practices, (4) Informational support as important for behaviour change and (5) Validation of health behaviours from immediate social networks. CONCLUSION This study described how companionship, social influence, instrumental support, informational support and validation were perceived to impact the health behaviours of people LWBC during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions for people LWBC could recommend co-participation in exercise with friends and family; promote the formation of collaborative implementation intentions with family to reduce alcohol consumption; and encourage supportive communication between partners about health behaviours. These interventions would be useful during pandemics and at other times. Government policies to help support clinically extremely vulnerable groups of people LWBC during pandemics should focus on providing access to healthier foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Miller
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, Gower Street, London, UK.
| | - Rana Conway
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Simon Pini
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Caroline Buck
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Natalie Gil
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Phillippa Lally
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Rebecca J Beeken
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, Gower Street, London, UK
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Abigail Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, Gower Street, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Davis A, Munari S, Doyle J, Sutton B, Cheng A, Hellard M, Gibbs L. Quarantine preparedness - the missing factor in COVID-19 behaviour change? Qualitative insights from Australia. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1806. [PMID: 36138365 PMCID: PMC9502922 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A key feature of the global public health response to contain and slow the spread of COVID-19 has been community-based quarantine and self-isolation. As part of The Optimise Study, this research sought to understand the factors that influence people's ability to undertake home-based quarantine and isolation to contain the spread of COVID-19. METHODS Semi-structured qualitative phone interviews (n = 25) were conducted by telephone with people who participated in community-based quarantine in Australia before 31 March 2020. The Capability Opportunity Motivation Behaviour model was used to conduct a thematic analysis. RESULTS Participants required clear, accessible and trusted information to guide them in home-based quarantine and isolation. A sense of social responsibility and belief in the efficacy of the restrictions to reduce viral transmission aided their motivation. Access to essential needs, supportive living environments, and emotional support were required to adhere to restrictions, but few were prepared. CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate that in addition to having the capability and motivation to adhere to restrictions, it is vital that people are also encouraged to prepare for the challenge to ensure access to physical, social and emotional support. Findings also illustrate the importance of engaging communities in planning and preparedness for quarantine and self-isolation public health responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Davis
- Behaviours and Health Risks, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephanie Munari
- Disease Elimination, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Joseph Doyle
- Disease Elimination, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brett Sutton
- Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Victorian Department of Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Allen Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Margaret Hellard
- Disease Elimination, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Doherty Institute and School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa Gibbs
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Disaster Management and Public Safety, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Schmengler H, Peeters M, Stevens GWJM, Kunst AE, Delaruelle K, Dierckens M, Charrier L, Weinberg D, Oldehinkel AJ, Vollebergh WAM. Socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health behaviours across 32 different countries - The role of country-level social mobility. Soc Sci Med 2022; 310:115289. [PMID: 35994878 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Higher family affluence is associated with healthier behaviours in adolescents, but the strength of this association varies across countries. Differences in social mobility at the country-level, i.e. the extent to which adolescents develop a different socioeconomic status (SES) than their parents, may partially explain why the association between family affluence and adolescent health behaviours is stronger in some countries than in others. Using data from adolescents aged 11-15 years from 32 countries, participating in the 2017/2018 wave of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study (N = 185,086), we employed multilevel regression models with cross-level interactions to examine whether country-level social mobility moderates the association between family affluence and adolescent health behaviours (i.e. moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, vigorous physical activity, healthy and unhealthy foods consumption, having breakfast regularly, and weekly smoking). Higher family affluence was more strongly associated with higher levels of adolescent physical activity in countries characterized by high levels of social mobility. No cross-level interactions were found for any of the other health behaviours. Differences in social mobility at the country-level may contribute to cross-national variations in socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent physical activity. Further research can shed light on the mechanisms linking country-level social mobility to inequalities in adolescent physical activity to identify targets for policy and interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Schmengler
- Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
| | - Margot Peeters
- Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke W J M Stevens
- Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Anton E Kunst
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Katrijn Delaruelle
- Health Promotion Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Hedera, Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maxim Dierckens
- Health Promotion Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lorena Charrier
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dom Weinberg
- Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center of Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wilma A M Vollebergh
- Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pallin ND, Beeken RJ, Jones KP, Woznitza N, Fisher A. A Survey of Therapeutic Radiographers' Knowledge, Practices, and Barriers in Delivering Health Behaviour Advice to Cancer Patients. J Cancer Educ 2022; 37:890-897. [PMID: 33063254 PMCID: PMC9399055 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-020-01896-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic radiographers (TRs) are well-placed to deliver advice to cancer patients; however, limited research exists on their practices in providing advice on healthy lifestyle behaviours. Through an online survey, this study aimed to explore TRs' current practices, barriers, and facilitators around delivering healthy behaviour advice to cancer patients. An online survey was sent to 72 radiotherapy departments in the UK and 583 TRs responded to the survey. Findings showed that levels of enquiry and provision of advice on healthy behaviours were low, with less than 25% advising patients on physical activity, healthy eating, weight management, smoking cessation, and reducing alcohol intake as standard practice. Lack of knowledge, resources, and training were identified as barriers, in addition to perceived lack of patient interest and lack of time. TRs reported a strong desire to undergo training to enable them to deliver health behaviour advice to patients, with an identified preference for online training. Cancer patients look to healthcare professionals for advice on health behaviours, and TRs are well-placed to deliver this advice. The findings of this study provide insight into the areas that need addressing to enable TRs to support positive health behaviours among cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nickola D. Pallin
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Rebecca J. Beeken
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Nick Woznitza
- Radiology Department, Homerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Abigail Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kananen L, Hurme M, Bürkle A, Moreno-Villanueva M, Bernhardt J, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Malavolta M, Basso A, Piacenza F, Collino S, Gonos ES, Sikora E, Gradinaru D, Jansen EHJM, Dollé MET, Salmon M, Stuetz W, Weber D, Grune T, Breusing N, Simm A, Capri M, Franceschi C, Slagboom E, Talbot D, Libert C, Raitanen J, Koskinen S, Härkänen T, Stenholm S, Ala-Korpela M, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari OT, Ukkola O, Kähönen M, Jylhä M, Jylhävä J. Circulating cell-free DNA in health and disease - the relationship to health behaviours, ageing phenotypes and metabolomics. GeroScience 2022; 45:85-103. [PMID: 35864375 PMCID: PMC9886738 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker of ageing, tissue damage and cellular stress. However, less is known about health behaviours, ageing phenotypes and metabolic processes that lead to elevated cf-DNA levels. We sought to analyse the relationship of circulating cf-DNA level to age, sex, smoking, physical activity, vegetable consumption, ageing phenotypes (physical functioning, the number of diseases, frailty) and an extensive panel of biomarkers including blood and urine metabolites and inflammatory markers in three human cohorts (N = 5385; 17-82 years). The relationships were assessed using correlation statistics, and linear and penalised regressions (the Lasso), also stratified by sex.cf-DNA levels were significantly higher in men than in women, and especially in middle-aged men and women who smoke, and in older more frail individuals. Correlation statistics of biomarker data showed that cf-DNA level was higher with elevated inflammation (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6), and higher levels of homocysteine, and proportion of red blood cells and lower levels of ascorbic acid. Inflammation (C-reactive protein, glycoprotein acetylation), amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine), and ketogenesis (3-hydroxybutyrate) were included in the cf-DNA level-related biomarker profiles in at least two of the cohorts.In conclusion, circulating cf-DNA level is different by sex, and related to health behaviour, health decline and metabolic processes common in health and disease. These results can inform future studies where epidemiological and biological pathways of cf-DNA are to be analysed in details, and for studies evaluating cf-DNA as a potential clinical marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kananen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. .,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Mikko Hurme
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria Moreno-Villanueva
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Florence Debacq-Chainiaux
- grid.6520.10000 0001 2242 8479URBC-Narilis, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein
- grid.5771.40000 0001 2151 8122Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Basso
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacenza
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Collino
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Nestlé Research, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Efstathios S. Gonos
- grid.22459.380000 0001 2232 6894Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Ewa Sikora
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of the Molecular Bases of Ageing, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniela Gradinaru
- grid.8194.40000 0000 9828 7548Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugene H. J. M. Jansen
- grid.31147.300000 0001 2208 0118National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Health Protection, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn E. T. Dollé
- grid.31147.300000 0001 2208 0118National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Health Protection, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Salmon
- grid.425994.7Straticell, Science Park Crealys, Rue Jean Sonet 10, 5032 Les Isnes, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Stuetz
- grid.9464.f0000 0001 2290 1502Institute of Nutritional Sciences (140), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- grid.418213.d0000 0004 0390 0098Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- grid.418213.d0000 0004 0390 0098Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany ,grid.10420.370000 0001 2286 1424Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria ,grid.9464.f0000 0001 2290 1502Institute of Nutritional Medicine (180), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nicolle Breusing
- grid.9464.f0000 0001 2290 1502Institute of Nutritional Medicine (180), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- grid.461820.90000 0004 0390 1701Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Halle, Ernst-Grube Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Miriam Capri
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758DIMES- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine,
Interdepartmental Center “Alma Mater Research Institute On Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)”,
Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758DIMES- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine,
Interdepartmental Center “Alma Mater Research Institute On Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)”,
Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eline Slagboom
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Duncan Talbot
- Unilever Science and Technology, Beauty and Personal Care, Sharnbrook, UK
| | - Claude Libert
- grid.11486.3a0000000104788040Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jani Raitanen
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Härkänen
- grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.511163.10000 0004 0518 4910Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland ,grid.410552.70000 0004 0628 215XDepartment of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Olavi Ukkola
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.412330.70000 0004 0628 2985Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marja Jylhä
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juulia Jylhävä
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fernández-Barrés S, Robinson O, Fossati S, Márquez S, Basagaña X, de Bont J, de Castro M, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Maitre L, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Romaguera D, Urquiza J, Chatzi L, Iakovides M, Vafeiadi M, Grazuleviciene R, Dedele A, Andrusaityte S, Marit Aasvang G, Evandt J, Hjertager Krog N, Lepeule J, Heude B, Wright J, McEachan RRC, Sassi F, Vineis P, Vrijheid M. Urban environment and health behaviours in children from six European countries. Environ Int 2022; 165:107319. [PMID: 35667344 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban environmental design is increasingly considered influential for health and wellbeing, but evidence is mostly based on adults and single exposure studies. We evaluated the association between a wide range of urban environment characteristics and health behaviours in childhood. METHODS We estimated exposure to 32 urban environment characteristics (related to the built environment, traffic, and natural spaces) for home and school addresses of 1,581 children aged 6-11 years from six European cohorts. We collected information on health behaviours including total amount of overall moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, physical activity outside school hours, active transport, sedentary behaviours and sleep duration, and developed patterns of behaviours with principal component analysis. We used an exposure-wide association study to screen all exposure-outcome associations, and the deletion-substitution-addition algorithm to build a final multi-exposure model. RESULTS In multi-exposure models, green spaces (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) were positively associated with active transport, and inversely associated with sedentary time (22.71 min/day less (95 %CI -39.90, -5.51) per interquartile range increase in NDVI). Residence in densely built areas was associated with more physical activity and less sedentary time, and densely populated areas with less physical activity outside school hours and more sedentary time. Presence of a major road was associated with lower sleep duration (-4.80 min/day (95 %CI -9.11, -0.48); compared with no major road). Results for the behavioural patterns were similar. CONCLUSIONS This multicohort study suggests that areas with more vegetation, more building density, less population density and without major roads are associated with improved health behaviours in childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK (Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, UK
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Márquez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeroen de Bont
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Donaire-Gonzalez
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Léa Maitre
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Urquiza
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9239, USA
| | - Minas Iakovides
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Chemistry Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, 20, Konstantinou Kavafi Str., 2121, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece (Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete, GR-71003, Greece
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania (Vileikos g. 8 - 212, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Dedele
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania (Vileikos g. 8 - 212, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania (Vileikos g. 8 - 212, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gunn Marit Aasvang
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway (Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorunn Evandt
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway (Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Norun Hjertager Krog
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway (Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, IAB, Grenoble, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université de Paris-cité, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, BD9 6RJ Bradford, UK
| | - Rosemary R C McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, BD9 6RJ Bradford, UK
| | - Franco Sassi
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Innovation, Department of Economics and Public Policy, Imperial College Business School, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK (Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, UK; Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Grey EB, Atkinson L, Chater A, Gahagan A, Tran A, Gillison FB. A systematic review of the evidence on the effect of parental communication about health and health behaviours on children's health and wellbeing. Prev Med 2022; 159:107043. [PMID: 35405179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Parents report feeling unsure how best to talk with their children about sensitive health topics and may avoid such conversations; yet if children have questions or concerns about their health, talking to a parent could enhance their health and wellbeing. We investigated the effects of parental communications about health and health behaviours on children's health and wellbeing, and explored what strategies can encourage parents to communicate about health. We conducted a systematic review and narrative synthesis of research published between January 2008 and April 2020 from five databases. Of 14,007 articles identified, 16 met inclusion criteria focusing on five topics: diet and weight (n = 5), body image (n = 2), sexual health (n = 7), physical activity (n = 1) and bullying (n = 1). Positive child outcomes were associated with positive general parent-child communication characterised by warmth, openness and allowing children choice. Conversely, hostility, negative and inconsistent messaging were associated with poorer outcomes. Interventions to increase parent-child communication could be classified as providing single directive messages, media campaigns or intensive support. Single messages increased communication frequency; media campaigns and intensive interventions showed mixed outcomes. No differences in outcomes were found according to child's gender or socio-economic status. Generally, parents were less confident in initiating, rather than continuing, conversations and were more likely to initiate conversations when they felt they had good topic knowledge. While the relatively small, diverse sample limits the strength of these findings, this review provides provisional support for approaches to promote positive parent-child communication about health that are associated with better child health and wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E B Grey
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - L Atkinson
- School of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - A Chater
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research (ISPAR), Centre for Health, Wellbeing and Behaviour Change, University of Bedfordshire, Polhill Avenue, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
| | - A Gahagan
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London SW1H 0EU, UK
| | - A Tran
- UK Health Security Agency, Department of Health and Social Care, Noble House, 17 Smith Square, London SW1P 3HX, UK
| | - F B Gillison
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Worley V, Fraser P, Allender S, Bolton KA. Describing workplace interventions aimed to improve health of staff in hospital settings - a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:459. [PMID: 35392894 PMCID: PMC8991835 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large proportion of staff working in hospital settings are overweight or obese, have poor dietary habits and low physical activity levels. The workplace is a priority setting for health promotion. This systematic review will describe dietary and physical activity workplace interventions that have aimed to improve the health of staff in hospital settings; and the barriers and enablers of implementing these interventions. Methods A systematic search retrieved 551 studies from 2004 to 2020 using the following databases CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE Complete, Academic Search Complete, Global Health, Health Source Nursing/Academic Edition and PsycINFO. Studies were included if they: (1) took place in a hospital setting; (2) employed a physical activity or dietary intervention to improve the well-being of staff; (3) the intervention duration was 12 weeks or over; (4) used a control group. The Integrated quality Criteria for the Review of Multiple Study designs (ICROMS) and National Institute of Health’s National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tools for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies tools were used to assess quality of included studies. A narrative review was conducted. Results Quality analysis identified six studies of high quality, nine moderate quality, and three low quality. Of these 18 studies, 15 reported at least one positive health outcome. The evidence revealed that multi-component strategies, financial incentives and motivational strategies were the most effective approaches to improve health behaviours of hospital staff. Conclusion Hospital-based dietary and physical activity workplace interventions show promise as an effective strategy for improving health behaviours of hospital staff. Methodological limitations highlight the need for more research from high-quality, randomised control trials, to gain further insight into the benefits of workplace interventions in hospital settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-07418-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verity Worley
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Penny Fraser
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Steven Allender
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kristy A Bolton
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. .,Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wielgoszewska B, Maddock J, Green MJ, Di Gessa G, Parsons S, Griffith GJ, Croft J, Stevenson AJ, Booth C, Silverwood RJ, Bann D, Patalay P, Hughes AD, Chaturvedi N, Howe LD, Fitzsimons E, Katikireddi SV, Ploubidis GB. The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys. BMC Med 2022; 20:147. [PMID: 35387639 PMCID: PMC8984671 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In March 2020, the UK implemented the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (furlough) to minimise job losses. Our aim was to investigate associations between furlough and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We analysed data on 25,092 participants aged 16-66 years from eight UK longitudinal studies. Changes in employment, including being furloughed, were based on employment status before and during the first lockdown. Health behaviours included fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, and sleep. Study-specific estimates obtained using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and pre-pandemic health and health behaviours, were statistically pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Associations were also stratified by sex, age, and education. RESULTS Across studies, between 8 and 25% of participants were furloughed. Compared to those who remained working, furloughed workers were slightly less likely to be physically inactive (RR = 0.85; [95% CI 0.75-0.97]; I 2 = 59%) and did not differ overall with respect to low fruit and vegetable consumption or atypical sleep, although findings for sleep were heterogenous (I 2 = 85%). In stratified analyses, furlough was associated with lower fruit and vegetable consumption among males (RR = 1.11; [1.01-1.22]; I 2 = 0%) but not females (RR = 0.84; [0.68-1.04]; I 2 = 65%). Considering changes in quantity, furloughed workers were more likely than those who remained working to report increases in fruit and vegetable consumption, exercise, and hours of sleep. CONCLUSIONS Those furloughed exhibited similar health behaviours to those who remained in employment during the initial stages of the pandemic. There was little evidence to suggest that adoption of such social protection policies in the post-pandemic recovery period and during future economic crises had adverse effects on population health behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Wielgoszewska
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - Jane Maddock
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Michael J Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Giorgio Di Gessa
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam Parsons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - Gareth J Griffith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jazz Croft
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charlotte Booth
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - David Bann
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK.,MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alun D Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Laura D Howe
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emla Fitzsimons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK
| | | | - George B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Foster HME, Ho FK, Mair FS, Jani BD, Sattar N, Katikireddi SV, Pell JP, Niedzwiedz CL, Hastie CE, Anderson JJ, Nicholl BI, Gill JMR, Celis-Morales C, O'Donnell CA. The association between a lifestyle score, socioeconomic status, and COVID-19 outcomes within the UK Biobank cohort. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:273. [PMID: 35351028 PMCID: PMC8964028 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) impacts disadvantaged groups most. Lifestyle factors are also associated with adverse COVID-19 outcomes. To inform COVID-19 policy and interventions, we explored effect modification of socioeconomic-status (SES) on associations between lifestyle and COVID-19 outcomes. METHODS Using data from UK-Biobank, a large prospective cohort of 502,536 participants aged 37-73 years recruited between 2006 and 2010, we assigned participants a lifestyle score comprising nine factors. Poisson regression models with penalised splines were used to analyse associations between lifestyle score, deprivation (Townsend), and COVID-19 mortality and severe COVID-19. Associations between each exposure and outcome were examined independently before participants were dichotomised by deprivation to examine exposures jointly. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic/health factors. RESULTS Of 343,850 participants (mean age > 60 years) with complete data, 707 (0.21%) died from COVID-19 and 2506 (0.76%) had severe COVID-19. There was evidence of a nonlinear association between lifestyle score and COVID-19 mortality but limited evidence for nonlinearity between lifestyle score and severe COVID-19 and between deprivation and COVID-19 outcomes. Compared with low deprivation, participants in the high deprivation group had higher risk of COVID-19 outcomes across the lifestyle score. There was evidence for an additive interaction between lifestyle score and deprivation. Compared with participants with the healthiest lifestyle score in the low deprivation group, COVID-19 mortality risk ratios (95% CIs) for those with less healthy scores in low versus high deprivation groups were 5.09 (1.39-25.20) and 9.60 (4.70-21.44), respectively. Equivalent figures for severe COVID-19 were 5.17 (2.46-12.01) and 6.02 (4.72-7.71). Alternative SES measures produced similar results. CONCLUSIONS Unhealthy lifestyles are associated with higher risk of adverse COVID-19, but risks are highest in the most disadvantaged, suggesting an additive influence between SES and lifestyle. COVID-19 policy and interventions should consider both lifestyle and SES. The greatest public health benefit from lifestyle focussed COVID-19 policy and interventions is likely to be seen when greatest support for healthy living is provided to the most disadvantaged groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamish M E Foster
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Frederick K Ho
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Frances S Mair
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Bhautesh D Jani
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jill P Pell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Claire L Niedzwiedz
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Claire E Hastie
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jana J Anderson
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Barbara I Nicholl
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jason M R Gill
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Catherine A O'Donnell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. Kate.O'
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fisher S, Bennett C, Hennessy D, Finès P, Jessri M, Bader Eddeen A, Frank J, Robertson T, Taljaard M, Rosella LC, Sanmartin C, Jha P, Leyland A, Manuel DG. Comparison of mortality hazard ratios associated with health behaviours in Canada and the United States: a population-based linked health survey study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:478. [PMID: 35272641 PMCID: PMC8915535 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12849-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern health surveillance and planning requires an understanding of how preventable risk factors impact population health, and how these effects vary between populations. In this study, we compare how smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity are associated with all-cause mortality in Canada and the United States using comparable individual-level, linked population health survey data and identical model specifications. METHODS The Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) (2003-2007) and the United States National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (2000, 2005) linked to individual-level mortality outcomes with follow up to December 31, 2011 were used. Consistent variable definitions were used to estimate country-specific mortality hazard ratios with sex-specific Cox proportional hazard models, including smoking, alcohol, diet and physical activity, sociodemographic indicators and proximal factors including disease history. RESULTS A total of 296,407 respondents and 1,813,884 million person-years of follow-up from the CCHS and 58,232 respondents and 497,909 person-years from the NHIS were included. Absolute mortality risk among those with a 'healthy profile' was higher in the United States compared to Canada, especially among women. Adjusted mortality hazard ratios associated with health behaviours were generally of similar magnitude and direction but often stronger in Canada. CONCLUSION Even when methodological and population differences are minimal, the association of health behaviours and mortality can vary across populations. It is therefore important to be cautious of between-study variation when aggregating relative effect estimates from differing populations, and when using external effect estimates for population health research and policy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Fisher
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,ICES, Ottawa and Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carol Bennett
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,ICES, Ottawa and Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Mahsa Jessri
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,ICES, Ottawa and Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anan Bader Eddeen
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,ICES, Ottawa and Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Frank
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Robertson
- Centre for Public Health and Population Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences & Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| | - Monica Taljaard
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura C Rosella
- ICES, Ottawa and Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Prabhat Jha
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alastair Leyland
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas G Manuel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,ICES, Ottawa and Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gerstl S, Lee L, Nesbitt RC, Mambula C, Sugianto H, Phiri T, Kachingwe J, Llosa AE. Cervical cancer screening coverage and its related knowledge in southern Malawi. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:295. [PMID: 35164716 PMCID: PMC8842862 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12547-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide and Malawi has the world’s highest rate of cervical cancer related mortality. Since 2016 the National CC Control Strategy has set a screening coverage target at 80% of 25-49-year-old women. The Ministry of Health and Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) set up a CC program in Blantyre City, as a model for urban areas, and Chiradzulu District, as a model for rural areas. This population-based survey aimed to estimate CC screening coverage and to understand why women were or were not screened. Methods A population-based survey was conducted in 2019. All resident consenting eligible women aged 25-49 years were interviewed (n = 1850) at households selected by two-stage cluster sampling. Screening and treatment coverage and facilitators and barriers to screening were calculated stratified by age, weighted for survey design. Chi square and design-based F tests were used to assess relationship between participant characteristics and screening status. Results The percentage of women ever screened for CC was highest in Blantyre at 40.2% (95% CI 35.1-45.5), 38.9% (95% CI 32.8-45.4) in Chiradzulu with supported CC screening services, and lowest in Chiradzulu without supported CC screening services at 25.4% (95% CI 19.9-31.8). Among 623 women screened, 49.9% (95% CI 44.0-55.7) reported that recommendation in the health facility was the main reason they were screened and 98.5% (95% CI 96.3-99.4) recommended CC screening to others. Among 1227 women not screened, main barriers were lack of time (26.0%, 95% CI 21.9-30.6), and lack of motivation (18.3%, 95% CI 14.1-23.3). Overall, 95.6% (95% CI 93.6-97.0) of women reported that they had some knowledge about CC. Knowledge of CC symptoms was low at 34.4% (95% CI 31.0-37.9) and 55.1% (95% CI 51.0-59.1) of participants believed themselves to be at risk of CC. Conclusion Most of the survey population had heard about CC. Despite this knowledge, fewer than half of eligible women had been screened for CC. Reasons given for not attending screening can be addressed by programs. To significantly reduce mortality due to CC in Malawi requires a comprehensive health strategy that focuses on prevention, screening and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Gerstl
- Epicentre / Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Paris, France.
| | - Lawrence Lee
- Epicentre / Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Herbec A, Brown J, Jackson SE, Kale D, Zatoński M, Garnett C, Chadborn T, Shahab L. Perceived risk factors for severe Covid-19 symptoms and their association with health behaviours: Findings from the HEBECO study. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 222:103458. [PMID: 34933210 PMCID: PMC8639445 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk perceptions are important influences on health behaviours. We used descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models to assess cross-sectionally risk perceptions for severe Covid-19 symptoms and their health behaviour correlates among 2206 UK adults from the HEBECO study. The great majority (89-99%) classified age 70+, having comorbidities, being a key worker, overweight, and from an ethnic minority as increasing the risk. People were less sure about alcohol drinking, vaping, and nicotine replacement therapy use (17.4-29.5% responding 'don't know'). Relative to those who did not, those who engaged in the following behaviours had higher odds of classifying these behaviours as (i) decreasing the risk: smoking cigarettes (adjusted odds ratios, aORs, 95% CI = 2.26, 1.39-3.37), and using e-cigarettes (aORs = 5.80, 3.25-10.34); (ii) having no impact: smoking cigarettes (1.98; 1.42-2.76), using e-cigarettes (aORs = 2.63, 1.96-3.50), drinking alcohol (aORs = 1.75, 1.31-2.33); and lower odds of classifying these as increasing the risk: smoking cigarettes (aORs: 0.43, 0.32-0.56), using e-cigarettes (aORs = 0.25, 0.18-0.35). Similarly, eating more fruit and vegetables was associated with classifying unhealthy diet as 'increasing risk' (aOR = 1.37, 1.12-1.69), and exercising more with classifying regular physical activity as 'decreasing risk' (aOR = 2.42, 1.75-3.34). Risk perceptions for severe Covid-19 among UK adults were lower for their own health behaviours, evidencing optimism bias. These risk perceptions may form barriers to changing people's own unhealthy behaviours, make them less responsive to interventions that refer to the risk of Covid-19 as a motivating factor, and exacerbate inequalities in health behaviours and outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Herbec
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, UK; Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL, UK; Behavioural Insights, Public Health England, UK.
| | - Jamie Brown
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, UK
| | | | - Dimitra Kale
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, UK
| | - Mateusz Zatoński
- Institute - European Observatory of Health Inequalities, Calisia University, Kalisz, Poland; Tobacco Control Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath, UK
| | | | | | - Lion Shahab
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Al Hashmi I, Al Yazidi B, Al Omari O. Translation and psychometric validation of the Arabic Gestational Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (GDMSES). J Healthc Qual Res 2022; 37:231-238. [PMID: 35042678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The assessment of self-efficacy for adherence to healthy behaviours among women with gestational diabetes (GDM) is undermined by the unavailability of validated tools. Therefore, this study aimed at translating, culturally adapting and assessing the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of Gestational Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (GDMSES). MATERIALS AND METHODS This methodological study was conducted in the Antenatal Clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Oman between October 2016 and January 2017. A total of 90 forms of the Arabic GDMSES tool were completed by Omani pregnant women with gestational diabetes. The study has a multiphase design: (1) cultural and linguistic validation; (2) content and face validity; (3) construct validity; (4) internal validity. RESULTS The Arabic GDMSES showed satisfactory content validity (CVI between .8 and 1), acceptable overall scale internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha=0.85) and stability overtime (Pearson correlation coefficient>.6). Four factors emerged for construct validity using exploratory factor analysis: nutrition and body weight, adaptation to healthy eating, physical activity and treatment and blood sugar. Our sample size of 90 was considered adequate in determining these factors (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin=.78). CONCLUSIONS GDMSES is a valid and reliable tool, thus providing a quick and easy self-efficacy assessment tool for antenatal nurses dealing with pregnant women with GDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Al Hashmi
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoudh 66, Muscat 123, Oman.
| | - B Al Yazidi
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoudh 66, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - O Al Omari
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoudh 66, Muscat 123, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gültzow T, Hoving C, Smit ES, Bekker HL. Integrating behaviour change interventions and patient decision aids: How to accomplish synergistic effects? Patient Educ Couns 2021; 104:3104-3108. [PMID: 33952401 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
People make numerous health-related choices each day: For example, deciding to brush one's teeth or to eat well and healthy - or not to do these activities. To support complex decisions and subsequent behaviour change, both Behaviour Change Interventions (BCIs) and Patient Decision Aids (PtDAs) have been developed and evolved independently to support people in health-related decision making. In this paper, we critically review BCIs and PtDAs, examine their similarities and differences, and identify potential for integration of expertise to increase the benefits for people engaging with healthcare and health behaviours. The two approaches appear to mainly differ in terms of their (1) goals and foci, (2) theoretical basis, (3) development frameworks, (4) active ingredients and (5) effect evaluation. To facilitate the integration of scientific insights from these two fields, we recommend to (1) bring both fields together and promote interprofessional discussions, (2) train (health) professionals to recognise strengths of both approaches, (3) investigate the synergy of the two fields, (4) be prepared for and try to mitigate a culture shock when the fields start to interact. Knowledge generated by researching PtDAs could be used to facilitate decisional processes that enable patients to choose goals that are in line with their values and preferences, while insights from researching BCIs could be used to facilitate engagement with, and implementation of those goals. This integration could allow researchers and intervention providers to increase the benefits for people engaging with healthcare and health behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gültzow
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Ciska Hoving
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Eline Suzanne Smit
- Department of Communication Science, Amsterdam School of Communication Research/ASCoR, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hilary L Bekker
- Leeds Unit of Complex Intervention Development (LUCID), Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Research Centre for Patient Involvement (ResCenPI), Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Olsson S, Burström B, Hensing G, Löve J. Poorer mental well-being and prior unmet need for mental healthcare: a longitudinal population-based study on men in Sweden. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 79:189. [PMID: 34732262 PMCID: PMC8564598 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-021-00706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Depression and anxiety disorder contribute to a significant part of the disease burden among men, yet many men refrain from seeking care or receive insufficient care when they do seek it. This is plausibly associated with poorer mental well-being, but there is a lack of population-based research. This study investigated 1) if men who had refrained from seeking mental healthcare at any time in life had poorer mental well-being than those who sought care, 2) if those who had sought care but perceived it as insufficient had poorer mental well-being than those who had perceived care as sufficient, and 3) if these differences persisted after 1 year. Methods This longitudinal study used questionnaire data from a population-based sample of 1240 men, aged 19–64 years, in Sweden. Having refrained from seeking mental healthcare, or perceiving the care as insufficient, at any time in life, was assessed in a questionnaire, 2008. Current mental well-being was assessed in 2008 and 2009 using mean scores on the WHO (Ten) Well-being Index. Lower scores indicate poorer mental well-being. Group differences were calculated using t-tests and multivariable linear regression analysis. Results Of the men who had perceived a need for mental healthcare, 37% had refrained from seeking such care. They had lower mental well-being scores in 2008, compared to those who sought care. Of those seeking care, 29% had perceived it as insufficient. They had lower mental well-being scores in 2008, compared to those who perceived the care as sufficient, but this was not statistically significant when controlling for potential confounders. There were no differences in mental well-being scores based on care-seeking or perceived care-sufficiency in 2009. Conclusions This population-based study indicates that men who have previously refrained from seeking mental healthcare, or perceived the care as insufficient, have poorer mental well-being. However, the lack of differences at the one-year follow-up contradicts these results. The results highlight the need for larger longitudinal studies, measuring care-seeking within a more specified time frame. This should be combined with efforts to increase men’s mental healthcare-seeking and to provide mental healthcare that is perceived as sufficient. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-021-00706-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Olsson
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Bo Burström
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnel Hensing
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jesper Löve
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bourke-Taylor HM, Joyce KS, Morgan P, Reddihough DS, Tirlea L. Maternal and child factors associated with the health-promoting behaviours of mothers of children with a developmental disability. Res Dev Disabil 2021; 118:104069. [PMID: 34438196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Mothers caring for their child or adult with a developmental disability can experience mental health disparity. Protective factors such as healthy behaviours are under-researched. This study investigated relationships between mental health, healthy behaviours, and disability factors. METHODS The cross-sectional online survey included: Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS); Family Empowerment Scale (FES); Health Promoting Activities Scale (HPAS); and a measure of childhood quality of life (QoL). RESULTS All mothers were raising offspring (aged 3-36 years) with a developmental disability. Fifty-two percent of mothers (N = 81) had a mental health diagnosis. DASS scores were elevated for depression (58 %), anxiety (52 %) and stress (68 %). Mothers participated in health promoting activities infrequently and reported low satisfaction with community health-supporting facilities. Depressive symptoms, maternal empowerment and two indicators of child-related QoL explained 29.7 % of the variance in healthy behaviours. Depressive symptoms were the most important predictor of lack of health promoting behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Better mental health predicted more frequent participation in health promoting behaviour. Future research might explore the extent to which health promoting behaviours protect mental health. Service changes including family health focused services, and custom designed health promotion or coaching programs may improve the health behaviours of mothers with high care responsibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Bourke-Taylor
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building G, Level 4, McMahons Road, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia.
| | - Kahli S Joyce
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building G, Level 4, McMahons Road, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Prue Morgan
- Physiotherapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building B, McMahons Road, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Dinah S Reddihough
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Loredana Tirlea
- Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, 3122, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mohan ARM, Thomson P, Haw S, Leslie SJ, McKay J. Knowledge and cardiovascular disease risk perception from the perspectives of prisoners and staff in a Scottish prison: a qualitative study. Int J Prison Health 2021; 18:335-349. [PMID: 34664807 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-05-2021-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prisoners have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population. Knowledge and risk perception of CVD can influence engagement in preventative behaviours that lower an individual's CVD risk. This paper aims to explore prisoners' knowledge of CVD, and prisoners and staff's perceptions of prisoners' CVD risk. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH This was a qualitative study in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 prisoners and 11 prison and National Health Services staff in a Scottish prison. Data were analysed thematically using the framework method. FINDINGS Most prisoners had limited knowledge of CVD as they could not describe it or could only identify one or two risk factors or cardiovascular events. Both prisoners and staff viewed prisoners' CVD risk as either pertaining to one individual, or pertaining to the general prisoner population. Unhealthy behaviours that were believed to increase CVD risk were linked to three perceived consequences of imprisonment: mental health problems, boredom and powerlessness. ORIGINALITY/VALUE To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to explore the CVD knowledge of prisoners, and perceptions of CVD risk from the perspectives of prisoners and prison staff. Findings from this study indicate that CVD education needs to be a priority for prisoners, addressing knowledge of CVD, its risk and risk perceptions. Additionally, the findings indicate that individual and socio-environmental factors linked to prisoners' CVD risk need to be targeted to reduce this risk. Future research should focus on socio-environmental interventions that can lead to reducing the CVD risk of prisoners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Thomson
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Sally Haw
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | | | - Janet McKay
- Cardiac Rehabilitation, Lister Centre, University Hospital Crosshouse, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayr, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Matvienko-Sikar K, Pope J, Cremin A, Carr H, Leitao S, Olander EK, Meaney S. Differences in levels of stress, social support, health behaviours, and stress-reduction strategies for women pregnant before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and based on phases of pandemic restrictions, in Ireland. Women Birth 2021; 34:447-454. [PMID: 33162362 PMCID: PMC7584422 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions can adversely impact antenatal maternal well-being and health behaviours. AIM To examine antenatal stress and stress-reduction strategies, social support, and health behaviours between women pregnant before and during the pandemic in Ireland. METHODS 210 pregnant women were recruited online and in the antenatal department of a tertiary maternity hospital before the pandemic, and 235 women recruited online during the pandemic. Only women resident in Ireland were included in this study. Women completed measures of stress, social support, health-behaviours, and self-reported stress-reduction strategies. Differences in outcomes were examined between women pregnant before and during the pandemic, and between Phase 2 and Phase 3 of the Irish Government COVID-19 restrictions. FINDINGS Women pregnant during the pandemic reported lower perceived social support, including support from a significant other, friends and family, than women pregnant before the pandemic. There were no significant differences in stress in health behaviours but women reported higher stress and less physical activity during the pandemic. Women reported a range of comparable stress-reduction strategies before and during the pandemic. No differences were observed between phases of pandemic-related restrictions for any outcome. DISCUSSION Our findings highlight negative impacts of the pandemic on social support, stress, and physical activity, which can have implications for maternal and child health. Lack of differences between restriction phases suggests on-going negative effects for antenatal well-being and behaviours. CONCLUSION Development of supports for pregnant women during the pandemic should include social-support and stress-reduction components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Johanna Pope
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Avril Cremin
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Hayley Carr
- College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Sara Leitao
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Ellinor K Olander
- Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Meaney
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|