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Rashwan AG, Assar DH, Salah AS, Liu X, Al-Hawary II, Abu-Alghayth MH, Salem SMR, Khalil K, Hanafy NAN, Abdelatty A, Sun L, Elbialy ZI. Dietary Chitosan Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Inflammation in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) through Regulation of Nrf2/Kaep1 and Bcl-2/Bax Pathways. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:486. [PMID: 39056682 PMCID: PMC11273726 DOI: 10.3390/biology13070486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Fatty liver injury is a prevalent condition in most farmed fish, yet the molecular mechanisms underpinning this pathology remain largely elusive. A comprehensive feeding trial spanning eight weeks was conducted to discern the potential of dietary chitosan in mitigating the deleterious effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) while concurrently exploring the underlying mechanism. Growth performance, haemato-biochemical capacity, antioxidant capacity, apoptotic/anti-apoptotic gene expression, inflammatory gene expression, and histopathological changes in the liver, kidney, and intestine were meticulously assessed in Nile tilapia. Six experimental diets were formulated with varying concentrations of chitosan. The first three groups were administered a diet comprising 6% fat with chitosan concentrations of 0%, 5%, and 10% and were designated as F6Ch0, F6Ch5, and F6Ch10, respectively. Conversely, the fourth, fifth, and sixth groups were fed a diet containing 12% fat with chitosan concentrations of 0%, 5%, and 10%, respectively, for 60 days and were termed F12Ch0, F12Ch5, and F12Ch10. The results showed that fish fed an HFD demonstrated enhanced growth rates and a significant accumulation of fat in the perivisceral tissue, accompanied by markedly elevated serum hepatic injury biomarkers and serum lipid levels, along with upregulation of pro-apoptotic and inflammatory markers. In stark contrast, the expression levels of nrf2, sod, gpx, and bcl-2 were notably decreased when compared with the control normal fat group. These observations were accompanied by marked diffuse hepatic steatosis, diffuse tubular damage, and shortened intestinal villi. Intriguingly, chitosan supplementation effectively mitigated the aforementioned findings and alleviated intestinal injury by upregulating the expression of tight junction-related genes. It could be concluded that dietary chitosan alleviates the adverse impacts of an HFD on the liver, kidney, and intestine by modulating the impaired antioxidant defense system, inflammation, and apoptosis through the variation in nrf2 and cox2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya G. Rashwan
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; (A.G.R.); (I.I.A.-H.)
| | - Doaa H. Assar
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Abdallah S. Salah
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- Single-Cell Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics and Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Ibrahim I. Al-Hawary
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; (A.G.R.); (I.I.A.-H.)
| | - Mohammed H. Abu-Alghayth
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 255, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shimaa M. R. Salem
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 33516, Egypt;
| | - Karim Khalil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Applied & Health Sciences, A’Sharqiyah University, P.O. Box 42, Ibra 400, Oman;
| | - Nemany A. N. Hanafy
- Group of Molecular Cell Biology and Bionanotechnology, Nanomedicine Department, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Alaa Abdelatty
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Luyang Sun
- Single-Cell Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics and Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zizy I. Elbialy
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; (A.G.R.); (I.I.A.-H.)
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Li Y, Han L, Liu J, Kang L, Zhao L, Cui K. Yeast Peptides Improve the Intestinal Barrier Function and Alleviate Weaning Stress by Changing the Intestinal Microflora Structure of Weaned Lambs. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2472. [PMID: 37894129 PMCID: PMC10608930 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Early weaning stress in lambs leads to decreased feed intake, damage to intestinal morphology, changes in the microbial flora structure, and subsequent complications. Yeast peptides are antimicrobial peptides with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and bacteriostasis effects. To study the effects of yeast peptides on relieving weaning stress in lambs, 54 lambs were randomly divided into three groups: ewe-reared (ER), yeast-peptide-treated (AP), and early-weaned (EW) lambs. The body weight and dry matter intake did not significantly differ among all groups. After weaning, the daily gain and feed conversion rate decreased significantly (p < 0.01), but AP showed an upward trend. In the EW group, immunoglobulin (Ig) levels changed significantly post-weaning (IgG decreased; IgA and IgM increased); the villi shortened, the crypt depth increased, and the villi height/crypt depth decreased (p < 0.001). The abundance and diversity of microflora among all groups were not significantly different. A column coordinate analysis showed significant differences in the intestinal microbial structure between the AP and EW groups. Lactobacillus, Aeriscardovia, Ruminosaceae_UCG-014, and Catenisphaera may play key roles in alleviating weaning stress in lambs. Our study provides new clues for alleviating weaning stress in lambs by describing the influence of yeast peptides on the intestinal microflora during weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.H.); (J.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Lulu Han
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.H.); (J.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.H.); (J.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Lingyun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.H.); (J.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Ling Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Kai Cui
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.H.); (J.L.); (L.K.)
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Nicastro KR, Pearson GA, Ramos X, Pearson V, McQuaid CD, Zardi GI. Transcriptome wide analyses reveal intraspecific diversity in thermal stress responses of a dominant habitat-forming species. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5645. [PMID: 37024658 PMCID: PMC10079687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32654-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of climate change on biodiversity has stimulated the need to understand environmental stress responses, particularly for ecosystem engineers whose responses to climate affect large numbers of associated organisms. Distinct species differ substantially in their resilience to thermal stress but there are also within-species variations in thermal tolerance for which the molecular mechanisms underpinning such variation remain largely unclear. Intertidal mussels are well-known for their role as ecosystem engineers. First, we exposed two genetic lineages of the intertidal mussel Perna perna to heat stress treatments in air and water. Next, we ran a high throughput RNA sequencing experiment to identify differences in gene expression between the thermally resilient eastern lineage and the thermally sensitive western lineage. We highlight different thermal tolerances that concord with their distributional ranges. Critically, we also identified lineage-specific patterns of gene expression under heat stress and revealed intraspecific differences in the underlying transcriptional pathways in response to warmer temperatures that are potentially linked to the within-species differences in thermal tolerance. Beyond the species, we show how unravelling within-species variability in mechanistic responses to heat stress promotes a better understanding of global evolutionary trajectories of the species as a whole in response to changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy R Nicastro
- CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, Univ. Lille, 59000, Lille, France
- CCMAR-CIMAR - Associated Laboratory, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Gareth A Pearson
- CCMAR-CIMAR - Associated Laboratory, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Xana Ramos
- CCMAR-CIMAR - Associated Laboratory, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vasco Pearson
- CCMAR-CIMAR - Associated Laboratory, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Mathematics, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Christopher D McQuaid
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Gerardo I Zardi
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.
- UNICAEN, Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, UMR 8067 BOREA (CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, IRD-207), Normandie Université, CS 14032, 14000, Caen, France.
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W A AEG. Chitosan: a promising natural polysaccharide feed additive in poultry production systems. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH 2023; 24:301-312. [PMID: 38799294 PMCID: PMC11127735 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2023.46967.6751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the hazardous use of antibiotic growth promotors in the poultry industry has led to the development of drug resistance and violative tissue residues. Therefore, the European Union Regulation banned application of these growth promotors, and the international authorities have searched for other natural and safe feed additive sources as substitutes for antibiotics. Chitosan has been used as a feed-additive alternative in veterinary medicine practices worldwide. Chitosan and chitosan-based nanoparticles have been extensively investigated in the poultry production system and have proved several positive impacts. The overall performance parameters of broilers and layers have been improved following dietary treatments with chitosan. Besides, chitosan showed antimicrobial activity against many bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic diseases as well as boosting of the immune response. Modulation of the antioxidant activity and modification of some blood parameters have also been detected owing to dietary chitosan supplementations. Moreover, chitosan nanoparticles have been now applied as a vaccine delivery vehicle and a mucosal adjuvant for many important poultry bacterial and viral diseases. Therefore, this review article sheds light on the effects of chitosan and its nanoparticle forms on the production traits of broilers and layers, their antimicrobial, immuno-regulatory, and antioxidant properties, as well as their effects on the blood constituents and vaccine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Ghany W A
- Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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Ro KS, Jong SI, Sin JI, Ryu UR, Jong CJ, Kim JH, Kim KC. Supplementation of Pinus densiflora bark extract-chitosan composite improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal health in weaned piglets. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Liang X, Yue Y, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Guo X, Shi B, Yan S. Effects of dietary concentrate to forage ratio on milk performance, milk amino acid composition and milk protein synthesis of lactating donkeys. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Multifunctional role of chitosan in farm animals: a comprehensive review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The deacetylation of chitin results in chitosan, a fibrous-like material. It may be produced in large quantities since the raw material (chitin) is plentiful in nature as a component of crustacean (shrimps and crabs) and insect hard outer skeletons, as well as the cell walls of some fungi. Chitosan is a nontoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible polygluchitosanamine that contains two essential reactive functional groups, including amino and hydroxyl groups. This unique chemical structure confers chitosan with many biological functions and activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antitumor, immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic, when used as a feed additive for farm animals. Studies have indicated the beneficial effects of chitosan on animal health and performance, aside from its safer use as an antibiotic alternative. This review aimed to highlight the effects of chitosan on animal health and performance when used as a promising feed additive.
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Boontiam W, Hong J, Kitipongpysan S, Wattanachai S. Full-fat field cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) as a substitute for fish meal and soybean meal for weaning piglets: effects on growth performance, intestinal health, and redox status. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:skac080. [PMID: 35289918 PMCID: PMC9047170 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Full-fat field cricket meal (FCP) is an alternative protein ingredient in livestock production; however, the effects of replacing conventional protein sources with FCP in nursery diets have not been determined. In this study, the effects of the partial replacement of either fish meal or soybean meal with FCP on weaning pigs were evaluated, including the analyses of growth performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal morphology,
immunity, oxidative stress, and fecal microbial counts. A total of 100 crossbred weaning pigs [(Landrace × Large White) × Duroc] were allotted to one of the following five treatments with five replicates (four pigs/pen) and fed for 28 d postweaning. Treatments were 1) a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based diet with 5% fish meal (Positive control; PC), 2) a corn-SBM-based diet without fish meal (Negative control; NC), 3) field crickets replacing fishmeal on a total Lys basis (FCP1), 4) field crickets replacing fishmeal on a kg/kg basis (FCP2), and 5) field crickets replacing fish meal and soybean meal (FCP3). The piglets on FCP1 had a higher body weight on days 14 and 28, and an increased average daily gain over the experimental period than NC (P < 0.05); FCP2 and FCP3 were similar to the FCP1 treatment. The incidence of diarrhea was lower under an FCP-supplemented diet than under the NC diet throughout the study (P < 0.05). Pigs fed FCP1 and FCP2 had a higher digestibility of crude
protein (P = 0.041), and all FCP groups increased crude fat digestibility (P = 0.024). FCP1 and FCP2 also increased jejunal villus height
(P = 0.009), whereas the increase in jejunal villus-to-crypt ratios (P = 0.019) was greater in pigs fed the FCP2 diet than those fed the NC diet. Furthermore, FCP2 supplementation increased serum immunoglobulin A levels on days 14 and 28, including reduced serum interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels (P < 0.05). Pigs fed an FCP2 diet had reduced malondialdehyde levels than those fed a PC diet, while pigs fed an FCP2 diet had higher superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels, and more fecal Lactobacillus spp. than those fed an NC diet (P < 0.05). These results support the use of FCP as an alternative protein ingredient with beneficial effects on growth performance, intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota. In particular, FCP can be used as a partial substitute for fish meal and soybean meal without detrimental effects on weaning pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waewaree Boontiam
- Division of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Jinsu Hong
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, U083SA, USA
| | - Sumetee Kitipongpysan
- Division of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Suchat Wattanachai
- Division of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Huo J, Wu Z, Sun W, Wang Z, Wu J, Huang M, Wang B, Sun B. Protective Effects of Natural Polysaccharides on Intestinal Barrier Injury: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:711-735. [PMID: 35078319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their minimal side effects and effective protection from oxidative stress, inflammation, and malignant growth, natural polysaccharides (NPs) are a potential adjuvant therapy for several diseases caused by intestinal barrier injury (IBI). More studies are accumulating on the protective effects of NPs with respect to IBI, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, this review aims to represent current studies that investigate the protective effects of NPs on IBI by directly maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier integrity (inhibiting oxidative stress, regulating inflammatory cytokine expression, and increasing tight junction protein expression) and indirectly regulating intestinal immunity and microbiota. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying IBI development are briefly introduced, and the structure-activity relationships of polysaccharides with intestinal barrier protection effects are discussed. Potential developments and challenges associated with NPs exhibiting protective effects against IBI have also been highlighted to guide the application of NPs in the treatment of intestinal diseases caused by IBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Huo
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizheng Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
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Jiang Q, Yin J, Chen J, Ma X, Wu M, Li X, Yao K, Tan B, Yin Y. 4-Phenylbutyric acid accelerates rehabilitation of barrier function in IPEC-J2 cell monolayer model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:1061-1069. [PMID: 34738036 PMCID: PMC8546315 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As the first line of defence against pathogens and endotoxins crossing the intestine-blood barrier, the intestinal epithelial barrier plays a determinant role in pigs' health and growth. 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an aromatic fatty acid, was reported to benefit homeostasis of endoplasmic reticulum and protein synthesis. However, whether 4-PBA affects intestinal epithelial barrier function in pigs is unknown. This study aimed to explore the effects of 4-PBA on the intestinal barrier function, using in vitro models of well-differentiated intestinal porcine epithelial cell (IPEC-J2) monolayers in the transwell plates. Cell monolayers with or without 4-PBA (1.0 mmol/L) treatment were challenged with physical scratch, deoxynivalenol (DON, 2.0 μg/mL, 48 h), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5.0 μg/mL, 48 h), respectively. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD-4) permeability were measured to indicate barrier integrity and permeability. Real-time PCR and Western blot were conducted to determine relative gene and protein expressions of tight junction proteins. As expected, physical scratch, DON, and LPS challenges decreased TEER and increased FD-4 permeability. 4-PBA treatment accelerated cell mitigation and rehabilitation of the physical scratch-damaged intestinal epithelial barrier but did not alleviate DON or LPS induced barrier damage. However, once 48-h DON and LPS challenges were removed, rehabilitation of the epithelial barrier function of IPEC-J2 monolayer was accelerated by the 4-PBA treatment. Also, the relative gene and protein expressions of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, and claudin-1 were further upregulated by the 4-PBA treatment during the barrier rehabilitation. Taken together, 4-PBA accelerated the IPEC-J2 cell monolayer barrier recovering from physical scratch, DON-, and LPS-induced damage, via enhancing cell mitigation and expressions of tight junction proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Jiashun Chen
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Xiaokang Ma
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Xilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kang Yao
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.,Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.,Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
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Jin Q, Cheng L, Zhu Y, Zhao X, Zhang W, Gao X, Xiong T, Guo L. Immune-related effects of compound astragalus polysaccharide and sulfated epimedium polysaccharide on newborn piglets. Anim Biotechnol 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34550852 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1979022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the immune effects of compound astragalus polysaccharide and sulfated epimedium polysaccharide (APS-sEPS) on the peripheral blood lymphocyte and intestinal mucosa in newborn piglets. A total of 40 newborn piglets were randomly divided into four groups during a 25-day experiment, including APS-sEPS, APS, sEPS and control group. The results showed that supplementation with APS-sEPS to newborn piglets remarkably increased the physiological parameters, especially the WBC. In peripheral blood, piglets that received APS-sEPS showed the highest proliferation of T lymphocytes, the percentage of CD3 + CD4+ and CD3 + CD8+ cells were the highest on days 15 and 25 (p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of IFN-γ on days 7 and 15, and IL-4, IL-10, sIgA on days 7, 15 and 25 in APS-sEPS group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the villus length and the ratio of villus length to crypt depth in APS-sEPS group were both significantly increased compared to that of control group (p < 0.05). In the duodenum, jejunum and illume, the concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-10, total IgG and sIgA in APS-sEPS group were all significantly higher than that in control group (p < 0.05). In intestinal mucosa, APS-sEPS significantly increased the expression of NF-κB and IRF-3 mRNA in each section of small intestine of piglets. Nevertheless, in the illume segment, the effect of APS-sEPS was more significant than that of APS and sEPS (p < 0.05). The expression of TLR4 was more significant than that of control group in duodenum only. The results from the present research provide evidence that the suckling piglets administered with APS-sEPS supplement exhibited enhanced immune function of peripheral blood lymphocyte and expression of specific antibodies, and ameliorated intestinal morphological development and increased activities of humoral immune response in the small intestine, which would be related to the activation of the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway and IRF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jin
- The Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- The Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yiling Zhu
- The Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taìan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture), Wuhan, China
| | - Xuejun Gao
- The Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Liwei Guo
- The Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Wang C, Zhang B, Zhang H, Yang W, Meng Q, Shi B, Shan A. Effect of dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium in sows on intestinal health of the offspring. Food Funct 2021; 11:7804-7816. [PMID: 32808626 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01403f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na2) supplementation in sows during gestation and lactation on intestinal health in offspring. A total of 40 cross-bred (landrace × large white crossed with Duroc boar) multiparity gestation sows with an average parity of 4.3 were used in this study. Forty sows were allotted to 2 dietary treatments after breeding. One group was the control sows, which were fed a corn-soybean meal control diet (Con treatment, n = 20), and the other group was the treatment sows fed a control diet with 20 mg kg-1 PQQ·Na2 after breeding and through gestation and lactation (PQQ treatment, n = 20). The activities of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly (P < 0.05) increased by PQQ·Na2 supplementation, and MDA activity was decreased (P < 0.05) in the plasma of piglets. CAT, SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly (P < 0.05) increased, and MDA activity was decreased (P < 0.05) in the small intestine of piglets. The mRNA expression levels of SOD1, CAT and MGST1 in the jejunum were increased in newborn piglets (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expression levels of HO1, SOD1, CAT, SOD2, GPX4, GPX1 and GCLC in the jejunum were increased in weaned piglets (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of ZO-1 was increased (P < 0.05) in the jejunum of newborn piglets, and the mRNA expression of Occludin and ZO-1 was increased (P < 0.05) in the jejunum of weaned piglets. The villous height of the duodenum and jejunum of weaned piglets was increased (P < 0.05) by dietary PQQ·Na2. In weaned piglets, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the most prevalent phyla in both the Con and PQQ·Na2 treatment groups, and the most prevalent genera were Alloprevotella and Bacteroides. At the phylum level, the abundance of Firmicutes was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Alloprevotella was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the abundance of Actinobacillus and Escherichia was decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na2 in sows during gestation and lactation had positive effects on intestinal health in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Boru Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingwei Meng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baoming Shi
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Dietary alternatives to in-feed antibiotics, gut barrier function and inflammation in piglets post-weaning: Where are we now? Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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The Protect Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharides on Intestinal Integrity by Regulating Oxidative Status and Inflammation under Oxidative Stress. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020057. [PMID: 33503912 PMCID: PMC7911331 DOI: 10.3390/md19020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the dietary supplementation of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on intestinal integrity, oxidative status, and the inflammation response with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) challenge. In total, 30 rats were randomly assigned to three groups with 10 replications: CON group, basal diet; AS group, basal diet + 0.1% H2O2 in drinking water; ASC group, basal diet + 200 mg/kg COS + 0.1% H2O2 in drinking water. The results indicated that COS upregulated (p < 0.05) villus height (VH) of the small intestine, duodenum, and ileum; mucosal glutathione peroxidase activity; jejunum and ileum mucosal total antioxidant capacity; duodenum and ileum mucosal interleukin (IL)-6 level; jejunum mucosal tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level; duodenum and ileum mucosal IL-10 level; the mRNA expression level of zonula occludens (ZO)-1 in the jejunum and ileum, claudin in the duodenum, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-like 2 in the jejunum, and heme oxygenase-1 in the duodenum and ileum; and the protein expression of ZO-1 and claudin in jejunum; however, it downregulated (p < 0.05) serum diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate level; small intestine mucosal malondialdehyde content; duodenum and ileum mucosal IL-6 level; jejunum mucosal TNF-α level; and the mRNA expression of IL-6 in the duodenum and jejunum, and TNF-α in the jejunum and ileum. These results suggested COS could maintain intestinal integrity under oxidative stress by modulating the intestinal oxidative status and release of inflammatory cytokines.
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Zhang J, Wan J, Chen D, Yu B, He J. Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in IPEC-J2 Cells by Inhibiting the Nuclear Factor-κB Signalling Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030569. [PMID: 33499133 PMCID: PMC7865926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight chitosan (LMWC), a product of chitosan deacetylation, possesses anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, a porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line, IPEC-J2, was used to assess the protective effects of LMWC on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury. IPEC-J2 cells were pretreated with or without LMWC (400 μg/mL) in the presence or absence of LPS (5 μg/mL) for 6 h. LMWC pretreatment increased (p < 0.05) the occludin abundance and decreased (p < 0.05) the tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production, apoptosis rate and cleaved cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-3 (caspase-3) and -8 contents in LPS-treated IPEC-J2 cells. Moreover, LMWC pretreatment downregulated (p < 0.05) the expression levels of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR-associated death domain and decreased (p < 0.05) the nuclear and cytoplasmic abundance of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 in LPS-stimulated IPEC-J2 cells. These results suggest that LMWC exerts a mitigation effect on LPS-induced intestinal epithelial cell damage by suppressing TNFR1-mediated apoptosis and decreasing the production of proinflammatory cytokines via the inhibition of NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jun He
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13419354223; Fax: +86-28-86291781
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Xu B, Fu J, Zhu L, Li Z, Jin M, Wang Y. Overall assessment of antibiotic substitutes for pigs: a set of meta-analyses. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:3. [PMID: 33413687 PMCID: PMC7792336 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotic growth promoters are widely used to improve weight gain. However, the abuse of antibiotics can have many negative effects on people. Developing alternatives to antibiotics is an urgent need in livestock production. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis and network meta-analysis (NMA) to investigate the effects of feed additives as potential antibiotic substitutes (ASs) on bacteriostasis, growth performance, intestinal morphology and immunity. Furthermore, the primary, secondary, and tertiary ASs were defined by comparing their results with the results of antibiotics. Results Among 16,309 identified studies, 37 were summarized to study the bacteriostasis effects of feed additives, and 89 were included in the meta-analysis and NMA (10,228 pigs). We summarized 268 associations of 57 interventions with 32 bacteria. The order of bacteriostasis effects was as follows: antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) ≈ antibiotics>organic acids>plant extracts>oligosaccharides. We detected associations of 11 feed additives and 11 outcomes. Compared with a basal diet, plant extract, AMPs, probiotics, microelements, organic acids, bacteriophages, lysozyme, zymin, and oligosaccharides significantly improved growth performance (P < 0.05); organic acids, probiotics, microelements, lysozyme, and AMPs remarkably increased the villus height:crypt depth ratio (V/C) (P < 0.05); and plant extracts, zymin, microelements, probiotics, and organic acids notably improved immunity (P < 0.05). The optimal AMP, bacteriophage, lysozyme, microelements, oligosaccharides, organic acids, plants, plant extracts, probiotics, and zymin doses were 0.100%, 0.150%, 0.012%, 0.010%, 0.050%, 0.750%, 0.20%, 0.040%, 0.180%, and 0.100%, respectively. Compared with antibiotics, all investigated feed additives exhibited no significant difference in effects on growth performance, IgG, and diarrhoea index/rate (P > 0.05); AMPs and microelements significantly increased V/C (P < 0.05); and zymin significantly improved lymphocyte levels (P < 0.05). Furthermore, linear weighting sum models were used to comprehensively estimate the overall impact of each feed additive on pig growth and health. Conclusions Our findings suggest that AMPs and plant extracts can be used as primary ASs for weaned piglets and growing pigs, respectively. Bacteriophages, zymin, plants, probiotics, oligosaccharides, lysozyme, and microelements can be regarded as secondary ASs. Nucleotides and organic acids can be considered as tertiary ASs. Future studies should further assess the alternative effects of combinational feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bocheng Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Luoyi Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Satitsri S, Muanprasat C. Chitin and Chitosan Derivatives as Biomaterial Resources for Biological and Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245961. [PMID: 33339290 PMCID: PMC7766609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin is a long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine, which is regularly found in the exoskeleton of arthropods including insects, shellfish and the cell wall of fungi. It has been known that chitin can be used for biological and biomedical applications, especially as a biomaterial for tissue repairing, encapsulating drug for drug delivery. However, chitin has been postulated as an inducer of proinflammatory cytokines and certain diseases including asthma. Likewise, chitosan, a long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine and d-glucosamine derived from chitin deacetylation, and chitosan oligosaccharide, a short chain polymer, have been known for their potential therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, and anti-Alzheimer effects. This review summarizes potential utilization and limitation of chitin, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide in a variety of diseases. Furthermore, future direction of research and development of chitin, chitosan, and chitosan oligosaccharide for biomedical applications is discussed.
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Azad MA, Gao J, Ma J, Li T, Tan B, Huang X, Yin J. Opportunities of prebiotics for the intestinal health of monogastric animals. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2020; 6:379-388. [PMID: 33364453 PMCID: PMC7750794 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The goal of prebiotic applications from different sources is to improve the gut ecosystem where the host and microbiota can benefit from prebiotics. It has already been recognized that prebiotics have potential roles in the gut ecosystem because gut microbiota ferment complex dietary macronutrients and carry out a broad range of functions in the host body, such as the production of nutrients and vitamins, protection against pathogens, and maintenance of immune system balance. The gut ecosystem is very crucial and can be affected by numerous factors consisting of dietary constituents and commensal bacteria. This review focuses on recent scientific evidence, confirming a beneficial effect of prebiotics on animal health, particularly in terms of protection against pathogenic bacteria and increasing the number of beneficial bacteria that may improve epithelial cell barrier functions. It has also been reviewed that modification of the gut ecosystem through the utilization of prebiotics significantly affects the intestinal health of animals. However, the identification and characterization of novel potential prebiotics remain a topical issue and elucidation of the metagenomics relationship between gut microbiota alteration and prebiotic substances is necessary for future prebiotic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md A.K. Azad
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Changsha, 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xingguo Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Changsha, 410128, China
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Qi Q, Peng Q, Tang M, Chen D, Zhang H. Microbiome Analysis Investigating the Impacts of Fermented Spent Mushroom Substrates on the Composition of Microbiota in Weaned Piglets Hindgut. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:584243. [PMID: 33263016 PMCID: PMC7686581 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.584243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fermented spent mushroom substrates (FSMS) on growth performance, serum biochemical, gut digestive enzyme activity, microbial community, genes expression of tight junction proteins, and volatile fatty acids in the hindgut (colon and cecum) of weaned piglets. A total of 100 weaned Yihao native pigs (native × Duroc, 50 males and 50 females) were allocated to two groups with five replicates and 10 pigs per replicate. Pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet (BD group), and the others were fed basal diets supplemented with 3% FSMS (FSMS group). Relative to the BD group, it had better results for final weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio in the FSMS group but not significant (p > 0.05), which was accompanied by improved serum triiodothyronine, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin A (p < 0.05) but lower serum total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, and total triglyceride during the overall period (p < 0.05). Similarly, FSMS significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) the messenger RNA expression of duodenal tight junction proteins such as tight junction protein 1, tight junction protein 2, and occludin. Meanwhile, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid levels were increased, whereas propanoic acid was decreased (p < 0.05) in the FSMS group than the BD group. In addition, the piglets in the FSMS group changed the microbial diversity in the colon and cecum. 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based compositional analysis of the colonic and cecal microbiota showed differences in the relative abundance of bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, etc.), genus (Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Roseburia, etc.), and species (Lactobacillus gasseri, Clostridium disporicum, etc.) between the BD and FSMS fed piglets. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with FSMS benefited to the intestinal mucosal barrier, immunity, and composition of the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qien Qi
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoli Peng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Min Tang
- Guangdong Yihao Foodstuff Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang, China
| | - Dongling Chen
- Guangdong Yihao Foodstuff Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huihua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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Ma J, Shah AM, Wang Z, Hu R, Zou H, Wang X, Cao G, Peng Q, Xue B, Wang L, Zhao S, Kong X. Comparing the gastrointestinal barrier function between growth-retarded and normal yaks on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9851. [PMID: 32953274 PMCID: PMC7474896 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yak (Bos grunniens) is an ancient bovine species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Due to extremely harsh condition in the plateau, the growth retardation of yaks commonly exist, which can reduce the incomes of herdsman. The gastrointestinal barrier function plays a vital role in the absorption of nutrients and healthy growth. Functional deficiencies of the gastrointestinal barrier may be one of the contributors for yaks with growth retardation. Methods To this end, we compared the growth performance and gastrointestinal barrier function of growth-retarded (GRY) and normal yaks (GNY) based on average daily gain (ADG), serum parameters, tissue slice, real-time PCR, and western blotting, with eight yaks in each group. Results GRY exhibited lower (P < 0.05) average daily gain as compared to GNY. The diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid, and lipopolysaccharide concentrations in the serum of GRY were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of GNY. Compared to GNY, the papillae height in the rumen of GRY exhibited lower (P = 0.004). In jejunum, with the exception of higher villus height, width, and surface area in GNY, numerical difference (P = 0.61) was detected between two groups for crypt depth. Both in rumen and jejunum, the mRNA expression of interleukin-1beta in GRY was markedly higher (P < 0.05) than that in GNY, but an opposite trend was found in interleukin-10 expression. Moreover, GRY showed a higher (P < 0.05) tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA expression in the rumen. The claudin-1 (CLDN1), occludin (OCLN), and zonula occludens-1 (ZO1) expressions of GRY in rumen and jejunum were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05) as compared to GNY. The correlation analysis identified that in rumen and jejunum, there was a positive correlation between interleukin-10 and CLDN1, OCLN, and ZO1 mRNA expressions, but the tumor necrosis factor-alpha was negatively correlated with CLDN1, OCLN, and ZO1. In the rumen, the ADG was positively correlated with papillae surface area, and a same relationship between ADG and CLDN1, OCLN, and ZO1 expressions was found. Conclusion The results indicated that the ruminal and jejunal barrier functions of GRY are disrupted as compared to GNY. In addition, our study provides a potential solution for promoting the growth of GRY by enhancing the gastrointestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ali Mujtaba Shah
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawei Zou
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guang Cao
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quanhui Peng
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bai Xue
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Suonan Zhao
- Haibei Demonstration Zone of Plateau Modern Ecological Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Haibei, China
| | - Xiangying Kong
- Haibei Demonstration Zone of Plateau Modern Ecological Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Haibei, China
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Effects of dietary chitosan on growth rate, small intestinal morphology, nutrients apparent utilization and digestive enzyme activities of growing Huoyan geese. Animal 2020; 14:2635-2641. [PMID: 32539893 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731120001408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary chitosan (CS) supplementation could improve the growth rate, small intestinal morphology, nutrients apparent digestibility and digestive enzyme activities in pigs, broiler chickens, rats and fish, whereas no data has been reported about the effect of CS on the growing Huoyan geese. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of CS on growth rate, small intestinal morphology, nutrients apparent utilization and digestive enzyme activities of growing Huoyan geese. Three hundred and twenty (28 days of age, gender balance) Huoyan geese were randomly divided into control, CS100, CS200 and CS400 groups (based on BW) with 20 geese per pen and 4 replicates pen per group, and the feeding experiment lasted for 4 weeks. The 4 diets contained 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg CS per kg feed, respectively. The results showed that CS200 groups had higher average daily gain, final BW, apparent utilization of DM and CP, and lower feed/gain ratio compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, CS100 and CS200 groups had higher villus height, villus height/crypt depth ratio and lower crypt depth in duodenum and jejunum than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The geese in CS100 and CS200 groups had higher villus height, villus height/crypt depth ratio and lower crypt depth of ileum compared with those in control and CS400 groups (P < 0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, CS200 group has higher trypsin activities and lower lipase activities in duodenal, jejunal and ileal contents (P < 0.05). The results suggested that addition of 200 mg/kg CS had positive effects on growth rate, small intestinal morphology, nutrients apparent utilization and digestive enzyme activities of growing Huoyan geese.
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Rattigan R, O’Doherty JV, Vigors S, Ryan MT, Sebastiano RS, Callanan JJ, Thornton K, Rajauria G, Margassery LM, Dobson ADW, O’Leary ND, Sweeney T. The Effects of the Marine-Derived Polysaccharides Laminarin and Chitosan on Aspects of Colonic Health in Pigs Challenged with Dextran Sodium Sulphate. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18050262. [PMID: 32429425 PMCID: PMC7281012 DOI: 10.3390/md18050262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with laminarin or chitosan on colonic health in pigs challenged with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS). Weaned pigs were assigned to: (1) a basal diet (n = 22); (2) a basal diet + laminarin (n = 10); and (3) a basal diet + chitosan (n = 10). On d35, the basal group was split, creating four groups: (1) the basal diet (control); (2) the basal diet + DSS; (3) the basal diet + laminarin + DSS; and (4) the basal diet + chitosan + DSS. From d39-42, the pigs were orally challenged with DSS. On d44, colonic tissue/digesta samples were collected. The basal DSS group had reduced growth, higher pathology score and an increased expression of MMP1, IL13 and IL23 compared with the controls (p < 0.05); these parameters were similar between the DSS-challenged groups (p > 0.05). In the basal DSS group, the relative abundance of beneficial taxa including Prevotella and Roseburia were reduced while Escherichia/Shigella were increased, compared with the controls (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Escherichia/Shigella was reduced and the molar proportions of acetate were increased in the laminarin DSS group compared with the basal DSS group (p < 0.01), suggesting that laminarin has potential to prevent pathogen proliferation and enhance the volatile fatty acid profile in the colon in a porcine model of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Rattigan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland; (R.R.); (J.V.O.); (S.V.); (G.R.)
| | - John V. O’Doherty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland; (R.R.); (J.V.O.); (S.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Stafford Vigors
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland; (R.R.); (J.V.O.); (S.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Marion T. Ryan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland; (M.T.R.); (R.S.S.); (K.T.)
| | - Rocco S. Sebastiano
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland; (M.T.R.); (R.S.S.); (K.T.)
| | - John J. Callanan
- Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts, West Indies;
| | - Kevin Thornton
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland; (M.T.R.); (R.S.S.); (K.T.)
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland; (R.R.); (J.V.O.); (S.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Lekha M. Margassery
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YN60, Ireland; (L.M.M.); (A.D.W.D.); (N.D.O.)
| | - Alan D. W. Dobson
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YN60, Ireland; (L.M.M.); (A.D.W.D.); (N.D.O.)
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Niall D. O’Leary
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YN60, Ireland; (L.M.M.); (A.D.W.D.); (N.D.O.)
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Torres Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland; (M.T.R.); (R.S.S.); (K.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-(0)17166244
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Zhang J, Wan J, Wu G, Chen D, Yu B, Huang Z, Mao X, Zheng P, Yu J, He J. Low-molecular-weight chitosan relieves enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced growth retardation in weaned pigs. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 78:105798. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Miao Z, Zhao W, Guo L, Wang S, Zhang J. Effects of dietary supplementation of chitosan on immune function in growing Huoyan geese. Poult Sci 2020; 99:95-100. [PMID: 32416857 PMCID: PMC7587681 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This present experiment was performed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of chitosan (CS) on immune function in growing Huoyan geese. A total of 320 28-day-old healthy growing Huoyan geese (sex balance) with similar body weight were randomly allotted into control, CS100, CS200, and CS400 groups. Each group includes 4 replicates with 20 geese per replicate, and the feeding trial lasted for 4 wk. The 4 diets contained 0, 100, 200, and 400 mg CS per kg feed, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, the relative weight of thymus, serum concentrations of IGF-I, INS, GH, T3, T4, IgM, IgG, IgA, complement C3, and IL-2 in CS200 group were significantly higher at both 42 and 56 D of age, respectively (P < 0.05). In addition, relative weight of bursa of fabricius (BF), spleen, serum complement C4, and TNF-a concentrations in CS200 group were higher at 56 D of age (P < 0.05), no differences were observed at 42 D of age (P > 0.05). These results indicated that addition of 200 mg/kg CS enhanced immune organs weight, serum concentrations of immunoglobulins, complements, hormone, as well as cytokines, and improved immune function of growing Huoyan geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Miao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China.
| | - Weixin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Liping Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Shan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Jinzhou Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
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Chitosan Oligosaccharides Protect Sprague Dawley Rats from Cyclic Heat Stress by Attenuation of Oxidative and Inflammation Stress. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9121074. [PMID: 31816916 PMCID: PMC6940990 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Heat stress has negative effects on animal health and performance, and chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of COS alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in heat-stressed rats. The results indicated heat stress decreased (p < 0.05) growth performance; the relative weight of spleen and kidney; and the level of antioxidant enzymes and IL-10 in liver, spleen, and kidney, while it increased (p < 0.05) the MDA and inflammatory cytokines concentration. Dietary COS supplementation enhanced (p < 0.05) ADG, the relative weight of spleen and kidney, and the level of antioxidant enzymes and IL-10 in liver, spleen, and kidney. Collectively, COS was beneficial to heat-stressed rats by alleviating oxidative damage and inflammatory response. Abstract Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of COS on antioxidant system and inflammatory response in heat-stressed rats. A total of 30 male rats were randomly divided to three groups and reared at either 24 °C or 35 °C for 4 h/d for this 7-day experiment: CON, control group with basal diet; HS, heat stress group with basal diet; HSC, heat stress with 200mg/kg COS supplementation. Compared with the CON group, HS significantly decreased (p < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG); average daily feed intake (ADFI); the relative weight of spleen and kidney; the level of liver CAT, GSH-Px, T-AOC, and IL-10; spleen SOD, GSH-Px, GSH, and IL-10; and kidney SOD, GSH-Px, T-AOC, and IL-10, while significantly increased the MDA concentration in liver, spleen, and kidney; the liver IL-1β concentration; and spleen and kidney IL-6 and TNF-α concentration. In addition, dietary COS supplementation significantly improved (p < 0.05) ADG; the relative weight of spleen and kidney; the level of liver GSH-Px, spleen GSH-Px, GSH, and IL-10; and kidney GSH-Px, while significantly decreased (p < 0.05) liver IL-1β concentration under heat stress condition. Collectively, COS was beneficial to heat-stressed rats by alleviating oxidative damage and inflammatory response.
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Wan J, Zhang J, Wu G, Chen D, Yu B, Huang Z, Luo Y, Zheng P, Luo J, Mao X, Yu J, He J. Amelioration of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-Induced Intestinal Barrier Disruption by Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan in Weaned Pigs is Related to Suppressed Intestinal Inflammation and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143485. [PMID: 31315208 PMCID: PMC6678621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection destroys the intestinal barrier integrity, in turn, disrupting intestinal homoeostasis. Low-molecular-weight chitosan (LMWC) is a water-soluble chitosan derivative with versatile biological properties. Herein, we examined whether LMWC could relieve ETEC-induced intestinal barrier damage in weaned pigs. Twenty-four weaned pigs were allotted to three treatments: (1) non-infected control; (2) ETEC-infected control; and (3) ETEC infection + LMWC supplementation (100 mg/kg). On day 12, pigs in the infected groups were administered 100 mL of ETEC at 2.6 × 109 colony-forming units/mL to induce intestinal barrier injury. Three days later, serum samples were obtained from all pigs, which were then slaughtered to collect intestinal samples. We evidenced that LMWC not only increased (P < 0.05) the occludin protein abundance but also decreased (P < 0.05) the interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α and mast cell tryptase contents, and the apoptotic epithelial cell percentages, in the small intestine of ETEC-infected pigs. Furthermore, LMWC down-regulated (P < 0.05) the small intestinal expression levels of critical inflammatory- and apoptotic-related genes, such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), as well as the intra-nuclear nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein abundance, in the ETEC-infected pigs. Our study indicated a protective effect of LMWC on ETEC-triggered intestinal barrier disruption in weaned pigs, which involves the repression of intestinal inflammatory responses via blocking the TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway and the depression of epithelial cell death via TNFR1-dependent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guozhong Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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27
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Zhao W, Yuan M, Li P, Yan H, Zhang H, Liu J. Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides enhances intestinal barrier function by attenuating mucosa inflammation and altering colonic microbiota composition of weaning piglets. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2019.1612286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wangsheng Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Honglin Yan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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