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Asadi S, Rahimi E, Shakerian A. Anti- Helicobacter pylori Effects of Thymus caramanicus Jalas Essential Oils: A New Antimicrobial Approach. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2024; 2024:3627074. [PMID: 38887601 PMCID: PMC11182686 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3627074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori are the principal causative factor in the etiological factors of chronic, active, or type B gastritis; peptic and duodenal ulcers; stomach carcinoma; and epithelial tissue lymphoid malignancies. It infects more than half of the population worldwide. To reduce H. pylori production, pharmacological therapy of H. pylori diseases typically involves using threefold treatment methods. However, as a result of such therapy, antimicrobial resistance is commonly developed. Alternative therapeutics for H. pylori diseases are thus of particular interest. Methods Thyme essential oils (EOs) obtained from T. caramanicus Jalas plants in Iran were tested for antibacterial activity against H. pylori obtained from 320 poultry specimens in this investigation. Antibacterial activity was measured using inhibition zones, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). The impact of T. caramanicus Jalas essential oils on H. pylori isolate cagA, vacA, and babA2 gene expression was evaluated using a quantitative real-time PCR method (p < 0.05). Results The chemical content of these EOs varied significantly according to chromatographic examination. Thymol, carvacrol, and terpinene-4-ol are the most abundant components in these EOs. H. pylori was recognized as a Helicobacter species with a 175-bp PCR product of 16S rRNA in 20/20 (100%). According to PCR results, all 20 (100%) isolates belonged to H. pylori. The EOs inhibited H. pylori in a dose-dependent manner, with T. caramanicus Jalas being the most effective, followed by pterygium EOs in decreasing order. At 8 mg/mL of T. caramanicus Jalas EOs, IZs against H. pylori were 27.4 ± 0.42 mm, and at 8 mg/mL of pterygium, IZs against H. pylori were 1 ± 0.02. T. caramanicus Jalas essential oils were used to treat all bacteria, and the findings showed that T. caramanicus Jalas had a substantial inhibitory impact on the expression of cagA, vacA, and babA2 virulence-related genes (p < 0.05). Conclusions In a dose-dependent manner, the EOs of T. caramanicus Jalas EO demonstrated a high degree of antimicrobial property against H. pylori bacteria. The most efficient EOs were those from T. caramanicus Jalas with relative concentrations of thymol and carvacrol, followed by the coumarin-dominated pterygium EO with reduced antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Asadi
- Department of Food Hygiene, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahimi
- Research Center of Nutrition and Organic Products, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amir Shakerian
- Research Center of Nutrition and Organic Products, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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Islam JM, Yano Y, Okamoto A, Matsuda R, Shiraishi M, Hashimoto Y, Morita N, Takeuchi H, Suganuma N, Takeuchi H. Evidence of Helicobacter pylori heterogeneity in human stomachs by susceptibility testing and characterization of mutations in drug-resistant isolates. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12066. [PMID: 38802465 PMCID: PMC11130178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity of Helicobacter pylori communities contributes to its pathogenicity and diverse clinical outcomes. We conducted drug-susceptibility tests using four antibiotics, clarithromycin (CLR), amoxicillin (AMX), metronidazole and sitafloxacin, to examine H. pylori population diversity. We also analyzed genes associated with resistance to CLR and AMX. We examined multiple isolates from 42 Japanese patients, including 28 patients in whom primary eradication with CLR and AMX had failed, and 14 treatment-naïve patients. We identified some patients with coexistence of drug resistant- and sensitive-isolates (drug-heteroR/S-patients). More than 60% of patients were drug-heteroR/S to all four drugs, indicating extensive heterogeneity. For the four drugs except AMX, the rates of drug-heteroR/S-patients were higher in treatment-naïve patients than in primary eradication-failure patients. In primary eradication-failure patients, isolates multi-resistant to all four drugs existed among other isolates. In primary eradication-failure drug-heteroR/S-patients, CLR- and AMX-resistant isolates were preferentially distributed to the corpus and antrum with different minimum inhibitory concentrations, respectively. We found two mutations in PBP1A, G591K and A480V, and analyzed these in recombinants to directly demonstrate their association with AMX resistance. Assessment of multiple isolates from different stomach regions will improve accurate assessment of H. pylori colonization status in the stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahirul Md Islam
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health, and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukari Yano
- Kochi Medical School, Kochi Community Medical Support Center, Kochi, Japan
| | - Aoi Okamoto
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health, and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Chiba, Japan
| | - Reimi Matsuda
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health, and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaya Shiraishi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health, and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hashimoto
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health, and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nanaka Morita
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health, and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Narufumi Suganuma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takeuchi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health, and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Chiba, Japan.
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Zhang H, Xu C, Zhang J, Yin J, Yao N, Pang Q, Liu Z, Wang C, Shi Y, Shang L, Han Z. The intake of solid fat and cheese may be associated with a reduced risk of Helicobacter pylori infection status: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 1999-2000. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:493. [PMID: 38745170 PMCID: PMC11092062 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet plays an important role in Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, and our objective was to investigate potential connections between dietary patterns, specific food groups, and HP infection status in U.S. adults. METHODS The data for this study was obtained from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Survey) database for the year 1999-2000. This cross-sectional study involved the selection of adults aged 20 years and older who had undergone dietary surveys and HP testing. Factor analysis was employed to identify dietary patterns, and logistic regression models were utilized to assess the association between these dietary patterns and specific food groups with HP infection status. RESULT Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, our final analysis included 2,952 individuals. The median age of participants was 51.0 years, and 48.7% were male. In the study population, the overall prevalence of HP infection was 44.9%. Factor analysis revealed three distinct dietary patterns: High-fat and high-sugar pattern (including solid fats, refined grains, cheese, and added sugars); Vegetarian pattern (comprising fruits, juices, and whole grains); Healthy pattern (encompassing vegetables, nuts and seeds, and oils). Adjusted results showed that the high-fat and high-sugar pattern (OR = 0.689, 95% CI: 0.688-0.690), vegetarian pattern (OR = 0.802, 95% CI: 0.801-0.803), and healthy pattern (OR = 0.717, 95% CI: 0.716-0.718) were all linked to a lower likelihood of HP infection. Further analysis of the high-fat and high-sugar pattern revealed that solid fats (OR = 0.717, 95% CI: 0.716-0.718) and cheese (OR = 0.863, 95% CI: 0.862-0.864) were protective factors against HP infection, while refined grains (OR = 1.045, 95% CI: 1.044-1.046) and added sugars (OR = 1.014, 95% CI: 1.013-1.015) were identified as risk factors for HP infection. CONCLUSION Both the Vegetarian pattern and the Healthy pattern are associated with a reduced risk of HP infection. Interestingly, the High-fat and High-sugar pattern, which is initially considered a risk factor for HP infection when the score is low, becomes a protective factor as the intake increases. Within this pattern, animal foods like solid fats and cheese play a protective role, while the consumption of refined grains and added sugars increases the likelihood of HP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, 710032, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Knee Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, 710032, China
| | - Jumei Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, 710032, China
| | - Nuo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, 710032, China
| | - Qimeng Pang
- Postgraduate Department, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Postgraduate Department, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Yongquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, 710032, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zheyi Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Ibrahim ME. Epidemiology, pathogenicity, risk factors, and management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Saudi Arabia. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:440-453. [PMID: 37787623 PMCID: PMC11088898 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gastric microbial pathogen that infects approximately half of the global population. This bacterium significantly contributes to various gastroduodenal diseases, including chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcerations, and malignant transformations. This review focuses on epidemiology, pathogenicity, virulence genes, risk factors, and management of H. pylori infection, specifically within the context of Saudi Arabia. The results presented here are grounded in studies conducted in Saudi Arabia, contrasting with mere bibliographic reviews of findings from other countries. H. pylori infection has been observed in Saudi Arabia, with substantial differences in the prevalence, ranging between 10-96% among various studied populations. Several risk factors for H. pylori infection have been identified, encompassing socioeconomic status, medical history, personal hygiene, and behavioral practices. Among the virulence genes harbored by H. pylori, cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA) are most common, with their presence correlating with the pathogenicity and clinical manifestations of the associated diseases. A range of invasive and non-invasive diagnostic assays have been utilized to identify H. pylori infection, with their employment being influenced by factors like availability, cost, patient age, gastric symptoms, and the specifics of clinical information sought. While detection methods like the H. pylori stool antigen test and the urea breath test offer more accuracy and speed, culturing remains indispensable for determining the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. The emergence of resistant strains across varying regional settings poses a significant challenge to treatment endeavors, necessitating an assessment of local antimicrobial resistance rates prior to formulating treatment strategies. The findings of this review highlight the importance of continuous implementation of screening, control, and prevention of H. pylori infection to combat the spreading infection and other related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutasim E Ibrahim
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
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Chen L, Zhu Y, Huang Y, Shen K, Chen L. The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk for gout in hyperuricemia patients in China - A cross-sectional study. Gut Pathog 2024; 16:24. [PMID: 38678252 PMCID: PMC11056053 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-024-00615-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been reported to be associated with multiple metabolic diseases. However, the connection between H. pylori infection and gout has not been explored previously. Our study aimed to investigate the association of gout and H. pylori infection in hyperuricemia population in China. PATIENTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed among the subjects who underwent health checkup in our health promotion center from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021. A total of 53,629 subjects with a mean age of 44.2 years were included in this study. H. pylori infection was defined as a positive [13]C-urea breath test. The effect of H. pylori infection on gout was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS 720 subjects with gout and 15,077 subjects with asymptomatic hyperuricemia (> 420 µmol/L in male and > 360 µmol/L in female) were enrolled. The prevalence rates of H. pylori infection, hyperuricemia and gout were 26.3%, 29.5%, 1.3%, respectively. The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection was significantly higher in subjects with gout than in those with asymptomatic hyperuricemia (35.0% vs. 27.2%; P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that H. pylori infection was associated with an increased risk of gout independent of serum uric acid level in hyperuricemia population (odds ratio [OR]: 1.320, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.124-1.550, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION H. pylori infection is positively associated with higher risk of gout in hyperuricemia population. The causal relationship and potential mechanism between H. pylori infection and gout warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Yilin Huang
- Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Keqing Shen
- Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Liying Chen
- Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, China.
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Xiao QY, Wang RL, Wu HJ, Kuang WB, Meng WW, Cheng Z. Effect of Helicobacter Pylori Infection on Glucose Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism and Inflammatory Cytokines in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1127-1135. [PMID: 38500481 PMCID: PMC10946400 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s453429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To probe into the influence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection on glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory cytokines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (MASLD). Methods A total of 140 MASLD patients admitted to our Hospital between June 2020 and May 2021 were selected as the research objects. Based on the presence or absence of Hp infection, they were divided into the study group (73 cases with infection) and control group (67 cases without infection). Glucose metabolism indicators [fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc)], lipid metabolism indicators [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], and inflammatory indicators [interleukin-37 (IL-37), interleukin-18 (IL-18)] were measured and compared between the two groups. Results In terms of glucose metabolism indicators, the study group exhibited higher levels of FBG (5.84±0.49 vs 5.40±0.51, t=2.535, P=0.012), 2hPG (7.26±1.30 vs 6.50±1.53, t=3.321, P<0.001), and FINS (11.13±4.13 vs 9.12±3.72, t=3.224, P<0.001), and Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (2.97±0.35 VS 2.13±0.54, t=3.761, P<0.001) and a lower level of HbAlc (5.25±0.56 vs 6.12±0.57, t=5.473, P<0.001) compared to the control group. Regarding lipid metabolism indicators, the study group exhibited higher levels of TC (5.64±1.49 vs 5.01±1.32, t=3.332, P<0.001), TG (1.89±0.34 vs 1.32±0.43, t=3.411, P<0.001), and LDL-C (3.31±0.43 vs 2.12±0.29, t=4.142, P<0.001), and a lower level of HDL-C (1.45±0.21 vs 1.78±0.42, t=4.347, P<0.001) compared to the control group. As for the inflammatory indicators, the study group exhibited higher levels of IL-37 (45.56±6.02 vs 34.02±3.28, t=9.332, P<0.001) and IL-18 (73.57±5.82 vs 60.34±4.84, t=10.141, P<0.001) compared to the control group. Conclusion It is crucial to place appropriate emphasis on the impact of Hp infection on the glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory response in MASLD patients, warranting careful consideration during the treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yu Xiao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Ren-Ling Wang
- Department of Oncology, Kaiping Central Hospital, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, 529399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Jun Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Wen-Bin Kuang
- Department of Laboratory, Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Meng
- Department of Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Guantian Community Healthcare Center, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, 518100, People’s Republic of China
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Tomaszewska A, Gonciarz W, Rechcinski T, Chmiela M, Kurdowska AK, Krupa A. Helicobacter pylori components increase the severity of metabolic syndrome and its hepatic manifestations induced by a high fat diet. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5764. [PMID: 38459219 PMCID: PMC10923818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56308-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome, often accompanied by hepatic manifestations, is a high-risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. Patients with metabolic dysfunction associated with steatohepatic disease (MASDL) are at significant risk of developing coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder in which several factors, including dietary or infectious factors, can cause an inflammatory response. Helicobacter pylori (HP) bacteria have been implicated in the progression of proatherogenic vascular endothelial lesions, moreover, our previous study in an experimental in vivo model of Cavia porcellus showed that HP components and high-fat substances acted synergistically in promoting vascular endothelial inflammation, leading to an early onset of a proatherogenic environment. In the present study, our goal was to determine the contribution of HP components to the development of hepatic manifestations of metabolic syndrome in an experimental model. Our results showed that HP infection in animals exposed to a high-fat diet increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, followed by endothelial lipid deposition, impaired endothelial apoptosis, cell lysis, and increased vascular stiffness. Finally, histopathological analysis of liver tissue showed signs of MASLD development in HP-infected animals fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Tomaszewska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
- Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Weronika Gonciarz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rechcinski
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chmiela
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna K Kurdowska
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Agnieszka Krupa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Luo Q, Liu C, Zhang A, Zhang D. Research progress in photodynamic therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13068. [PMID: 38497573 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a pathogenic microorganism that colonizes the human gastric mucosa and can lead to various gastric disorders, including gastritis, gastric ulcers, and gastric cancer. However, the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori has prompted the search for alternative treatment options. Photodynamic therapy has emerged as a potential alternative therapy, thus offering the advantage of avoiding some of the side effects associated with antibiotics and effectively targeting drug-resistant strains. In the postantibiotic era, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown promise as a novel treatment for H. pylori infection. This review focused on elucidating the mechanism of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of H. pylori. Additionally, we present an overview of the current research on photodynamic therapy by examining both standalone photodynamic therapy and combination therapies for H. pylori infection treatment. Furthermore, the safety profile of photodynamic therapy was also evaluated. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects associated with this innovative technology, with an aim to provide new insights and methodologies for the treatment of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Institute of Sensor Technology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sensor and Sensing Technology of Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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9
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Chang X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li S, Mei H, Xiao H, Ma X, Liu Z, Li R. Gut microbiome and serum amino acid metabolome alterations in autism spectrum disorder. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4037. [PMID: 38369656 PMCID: PMC10874930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota and their metabolic products might play important roles in regulating the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to characterize gut microbiota and serum amino acid metabolome profiles in children with ASD. A non-randomized controlled study was carried out to analyze the alterations in the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites in patients with ASD (n = 30) compared with neurotypical controls (NC) (n = 30) by metagenomic sequencing to define the gut microbiota community and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis to characterize the metabolite profiles. Compared with children in the NC group, those in the ASD group showed lower richness, higher evenness, and an altered microbial community structure. At the class level, Deinococci and Holophagae were significantly lower in children with ASD compared with TD. At the phylum level, Deinococcus-Thermus was significantly lower in children with ASD compared with TD. In addition, the functional properties (such as galactose metabolism) displayed significant differences between the ASD and NC groups. Five dominant altered species were identified and analyzed (LDA score > 2.0, P < 0.05), including Subdoligranulum, Faecalibacterium_praushitzii, Faecalibacterium, Veillonellaceae, and Rumminococcaceae. The peptides/nickel transport system was the main metabolic pathway involved in the differential species in the ASD group. Decreased ornithine levels and elevated valine levels may increase the risk of ASD through a metabolic pathway known as the nickel transport system. The microbial metabolism in diverse environments was negatively correlated with phascolarctobacterium succinatutens. Our study provides novel insights into compositional and functional alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolite profiles in ASD and the underlying mechanisms between metabolite and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Chang
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Xue Chen
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Shihan Li
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Hong Mei
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
| | - Zhisheng Liu
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
| | - Ruizhen Li
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
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Chen Y, Yan D, You N, Gu B, Wang Q, Zhang J. Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on body fat percentage in middle-aged and elderly populations. Prev Med Rep 2024; 38:102601. [PMID: 38283954 PMCID: PMC10821582 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, which is associated with excessive accumulation of body fat, is emerging as a new public health problem. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive and straightforward method to analyze body composition, providing a more accurate estimate of obesity than the commonly used body mass index. The primary objective of this study was to examine the potential impact of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on body fat percentage in a population using cross-sectional and cohort studies. METHODS A population of people who underwent physical examinations at Taizhou Hospital between 2017 and 2022 was included. The participants underwent various tests, including urea breath test, hematological examination, and anthropometric measurement, in addition, their body fat percentage was determined through the use of BIA. Univariate and multifactorial regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with excess body fat. RESULTS There was a difference in body fat percentage between H. pylori positive and negative populations. The population was divided into young and middle-aged and elderly according to age, and H. pylori infection was found to differ only in the middle-aged and elderly population. Multifactorial logistic regression showed that H. pylori infection remained associated with excess body fat in the middle-aged and elderly population. A subsequent cohort study confirmed the association of persistent H. pylori infection with excess body fat in the population. CONCLUSION H. pylori was negatively associated with excess body fat in middle-aged and elderly populations, and long-term H. pylori infection has a negative effect on body fat in people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Ningning You
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Binbin Gu
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Qinya Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jinshun Zhang
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
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11
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Zhen D, Zhang S, Yang A, Li L, Cai Q, Grimes CA, Liu Y. A PEDOT enhanced covalent organic framework (COF) fluorescent probe for in vivo detection and imaging of Fe 3. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129104. [PMID: 38161014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Simple and accurate in vivo monitoring of Fe3+ is essential for gaining a better understanding of its role in physiological and pathological processes. A novel fluorescent probe was synthesized via in situ solid-state polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) in the pore channels of a covalent organic framework (COF). The PEDOT@COF fluorescent probe exhibited an absolute quantum yield (QY) 3 times higher than COF. In the presence of Fe3+ the PEDOT@COF 475 nm fluorescence emission, 365 nm excitation, is quenched within 180 s. Fluorescence quenching is linear with Fe3+ in the concentration range of 0-960 μM, with a detection limit of 0.82 μM. The fluorescence quenching mechanism was attributed to inner filter effect (IEF), photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and static quenching (SQE) between PEDOT@COF and Fe3+. A paper strip-based detector was designed to facilitate practical applicability, and the PEDOT@COF probe successfully applied to fluorescence imaging of Fe3+ levels in vivo. This work details a tool of great promise for enabling detailed investigations into the role of Fe3+ in physiological and pathological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshuai Zhen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environment Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shaoqi Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environment Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Aofeng Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environment Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Le Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environment Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Qingyun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Craig A Grimes
- Flux Photon Corporation, 5950 Shiloh Road East, Alpharetta, GA 30005, United States
| | - Yu Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environment Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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12
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Jonaitis P, Kupcinskas J, Gisbert JP, Jonaitis L. Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment in Older Patients. Drugs Aging 2024; 41:141-151. [PMID: 38340290 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-023-01090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the main etiopathogenetic factor of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The world's population is shifting towards older people, who have the highest prevalence of H. pylori. Aging-related peculiarities could have an impact on the treatment of H. pylori and there is still a lack of research data in the older population. The aim of this review was to summarize the findings of the most recent information, publications and studies on the issues relating to H. pylori infection in older patients. H. pylori eradication offers gastrointestinal and extra gastrointestinal benefits in older patients. Based on the main guidelines, H. pylori should be eradicated independent of the patient's age, only reconsidering cases with terminal illness and low life expectancy. Proton pump inhibitors are generally safe and well tolerated. Some antibiotics require dose adjustment only in advanced renal insufficiency and the risk of hepatotoxicity is very low. Special precautions should be taken in patients with polypharmacy and those taking aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In older patients, H. pylori eradication treatment frequently causes only mild and short-term adverse events; however, treatment compliance is usually still very good. H. pylori treatment in older patients does not increase the risk of Clostridium difficile infection. Optimal eradication effectiveness (> 90%) is mostly achieved with bismuth- and non-bismuth-based quadruple therapies. Susceptibility-guided treatment of H. pylori can contribute to increasing the effectiveness of eradication regimens in older adults. To achieve optimal H. pylori eradication effectiveness in older patients, the same guidelines, which are applied to adults, also apply to this population: avoiding repetitive treatment prescriptions, choosing quadruple therapies, prescribing longer treatment duration and administering high-dose proton pump inhibitors twice daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulius Jonaitis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Street 2, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Street 2, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laimas Jonaitis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Street 2, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Petrariu OA, Barbu IC, Niculescu AG, Constantin M, Grigore GA, Cristian RE, Mihaescu G, Vrancianu CO. Role of probiotics in managing various human diseases, from oral pathology to cancer and gastrointestinal diseases. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1296447. [PMID: 38249451 PMCID: PMC10797027 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1296447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of microbial composition and diversity in favor of pathogenic microorganisms combined with a loss of beneficial gut microbiota taxa results from factors such as age, diet, antimicrobial administration for different infections, other underlying medical conditions, etc. Probiotics are known for their capacity to improve health by stimulating the indigenous gut microbiota, enhancing host immunity resistance to infection, helping digestion, and carrying out various other functions. Concurrently, the metabolites produced by these microorganisms, termed postbiotics, which include compounds like bacteriocins, lactic acid, and hydrogen peroxide, contribute to inhibiting a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. This review presents an update on using probiotics in managing and treating various human diseases, including complications that may emerge during or after a COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Alina Petrariu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilda Czobor Barbu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Constantin
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Alexandra Grigore
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
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14
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Elmehbad NY, Mohamed NA, Abd El-Ghany NA, Abdel-Aziz MM. Evaluation of the in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of chitosan-based biomaterials modified with copper oxide nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127277. [PMID: 37806410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
For chemical modification, p-aminobenzoic acid was incorporated into chitosan Schiff base (ACsSB) and chitosan (ACs). Two ACs-based CuO nanoparticles composites; ACs/CuONPs-1 % and ACs/CuONPs-5 %, were also synthesized. Their structures were emphasized utilizing several analytical techniques; elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H NMR, XRD, SEM, EDX and TEM. Compared with standard cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, Celecoxib, the prepared biomaterials showed in vitro selective inhibitory effectiveness against COX-2 enzyme that could be sorted, according to their MIC values that produce 50 % inhibition of COX-2 enzyme activity, as follows: Celecoxib (0.28 μg/mL) > ACs/CuONPs-5 % (4.1 μg/mL) > ACs/CuONPs-1 % (14.8 μg/mL) > ACs (38.5 μg/mL) > ACsSB (58.9 μg/mL) > chitosan (>125 μg/mL). Further, ACs/CuONPs-5 % has more in vitro inhibition efficiency towards Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) than the other prepared biomaterials. Interestingly, the MIC value of 100 % growth inhibition of H. pylori for ACs/CuONP-5 % is equal to that of drug Clarithromycin (1.95 μg/mL). Thus, ACs/CuONPs-5 % has a promising potential as anti-H. pylori and selective anti-inflammatory agent. ACs/CuONPs-5 % is safe on the human gastric normal cells (GES-1). Therefore, amalgamation of both p-aminobenzoic acid and CuONPs into chitosan extremely promoted its anti-inflammatory and anti-H. pylori activity. This is a promising approach to achieve methods successful to compete the conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Y Elmehbad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia A Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Nahed A Abd El-Ghany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abdel-Aziz
- Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
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15
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Alsohaibani F, Peedikayil M, Alshahrani A, Somily A, Alsulaiman R, Azzam N, Almadi M. Practice guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: The Saudi H. pylori Working Group recommendations. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:326-346. [PMID: 36204804 PMCID: PMC10754383 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_288_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori globally are decreasing with a dramatic increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria all over the world, including Saudi Arabia. There is no current consensus on the management of H. pylori in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Gastroenterology Association developed these practice guidelines after reviewing the local and regional studies on the management of H. pylori. The aim was to establish recommendations to guide healthcare providers in managing H. pylori in Saudi Arabia. Experts in the areas of H. pylori management and microbiology were invited to write these guidelines. A literature search was performed, and all authors participated in writing and reviewing the guidelines. In addition, international guidelines and consensus reports were reviewed to bridge the gap in knowledge when local and regional data were unavailable. There is limited local data on treatment of H. pylori. The rate of clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance is high; therefore, standard triple therapy for 10-14 days is no longer recommended in the treatment of H. pylori unless antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. Based on the available data, bismuth quadruple therapy for 10-14 days is considered the best first-line and second-line therapy. Culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing should be considered following two treatment failures. These recommendations are intended to provide the most relevant evidence-based guidelines for the management of H. pylori infection in Saudi Arabia. The working group recommends further studies to explore more therapeutic options to eradicate H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alsohaibani
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Musthafa Peedikayil
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Somily
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Alsulaiman
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Azzam
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Almadi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
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16
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Han Z, Min Y, Pang K, Wu D. Therapeutic Approach Targeting Gut Microbiome in Gastrointestinal Infectious Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15654. [PMID: 37958637 PMCID: PMC10650060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
While emerging evidence highlights the significance of gut microbiome in gastrointestinal infectious diseases, treatments like Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) and probiotics are gaining popularity, especially for diarrhea patients. However, the specific role of the gut microbiome in different gastrointestinal infectious diseases remains uncertain. There is no consensus on whether gut modulation therapy is universally effective for all such infections. In this comprehensive review, we examine recent developments of the gut microbiome's involvement in several gastrointestinal infectious diseases, including infection of Helicobacter pylori, Clostridium difficile, Vibrio cholerae, enteric viruses, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Giardia duodenalis. We have also incorporated information about fungi and engineered bacteria in gastrointestinal infectious diseases, aiming for a more comprehensive overview of the role of the gut microbiome. This review will provide insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of the gut microbiome while exploring the microbiome's potential in the prevention, diagnosis, prediction, and treatment of gastrointestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yiyang Min
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ke Pang
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
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17
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Aramouni K, Assaf RK, Azar M, Jabbour K, Shaito A, Sahebkar A, Eid AA, Rizzo M, Eid AH. Infection with Helicobacter pylori may predispose to atherosclerosis: role of inflammation and thickening of intima-media of carotid arteries. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1285754. [PMID: 37900161 PMCID: PMC10611526 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1285754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major instigator of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a main cause of global morbidity and mortality. The high prevalence of CVD calls for urgent attention to possible preventive measures in order to curb its incidence. Traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis, like age, smoking, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension and chronic inflammation, are under extensive investigation. However, these only account for around 50% of the etiology of atherosclerosis, mandating a search for different or overlooked risk factors. In this regard, chronic infections, by Helicobacter pylori for instance, are a primary candidate. H. pylori colonizes the gut and contributes to several gastrointestinal diseases, but, recently, the potential involvement of this bacterium in extra-gastric diseases including CVD has been under the spotlight. Indeed, H. pylori infection appears to stimulate foam cell formation as well as chronic immune responses that could upregulate key inflammatory mediators including cytokines, C-reactive protein, and lipoproteins. These factors are involved in the thickening of intima-media of carotid arteries (CIMT), a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Interestingly, H. pylori infection was found to increase (CIMT), which along with other evidence, could implicate H. pylori in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, the involvement of H. pylori in CVD and atherosclerosis remains controversial as several studies report no connection between H. pylori and atherosclerosis. This review examines and critically discusses the evidence that argues for a potential role of this bacterium in atherogenesis. However, additional basic and clinical research studies are warranted to convincingly establish the association between H. pylori and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Aramouni
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roland K. Assaf
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maria Azar
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Karen Jabbour
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdullah Shaito
- Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences at College of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Applied Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Assaad A. Eid
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Chelleng N, Hazarika M, Sonia H, Dihingia A, Manna P, Puzari M, Chetia P, Tamuly C. Anti-diabetic and anti-urease potential of Osbeckia nutans Wall. leaves. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37799112 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2265039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the anti-diabetic and anti-urease potential of Osbeckia nutans leaves (ONL). Six compounds, i.e. quercetin-3-O-glucoside, myricetin, shikimic acid, catechin, trans-ferulic acid and luteolin were identified from the butanol sub-fraction, BE2 and the ethyl acetate sub-fraction, EA5 of ONL. BE2 inhibited α-glucosidase and Jack bean urease with IC50 values of 0.036 μg/mL (437.46 μg/mL for acarbose) and 0.327 mg/mL (0.039 mg/mL for thiourea), respectively. In the glucose uptake experiment, BE2 (0.05 mg/mL) treatment resulted in a substantial increase in glucose uptake in free fatty acid (FFA)-treated cells at a concentration 10 times lower than that seen in EA5 (0.5 mg/mL) treated cells. The binding energies of quercetin-3-O-glucoside with α-glucosidase, glucose transporter GLUT4 and H. pylori urease were found to be -94.2585, -219.8271 and -254.391 kcal/mol, respectively. This study revealed that ONL has anti-diabetic and anti-urease abilities and further in-depth research may unveil its full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilamoni Chelleng
- Natural Product Chemistry Section, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Naharlagun, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Moushumi Hazarika
- Natural Product Chemistry Section, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Naharlagun, India
| | - Hage Sonia
- Natural Product Chemistry Section, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Naharlagun, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Anjum Dihingia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Biological Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, India
| | - Prasenjit Manna
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Biological Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, India
| | - Minakshi Puzari
- Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Pankaj Chetia
- Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Chandan Tamuly
- Natural Product Chemistry Section, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Naharlagun, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Urbaniak MM, Rudnicka K, Gościniak G, Chmiela M. Can Pyomelanin Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Promote the Regeneration of Gastric Epithelial Cells and Enhance Helicobacter pylori Phagocytosis? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13911. [PMID: 37762213 PMCID: PMC10530801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Successful colonization of the stomach by H. pylori is related to the complex interactions of these bacteria and its components with host cells. The growing antibiotic resistance of H. pylori and various mechanisms of evading the immune response have forced the search for new biologically active substances that exhibit antibacterial properties and limit the harmful effects of these bacteria on gastric epithelial cells and immune cells. In this study, the usefulness of pyomelanin (PyoM) produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa for inhibiting the metabolic activity of H. pylori was evaluated using the resazurin reduction assay, as well as in vitro cell studies used to verify the cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic and pro-regenerative effects of PyoM in the H. pylori LPS environment. We have shown that both water-soluble (PyoMsol) and water-insoluble (PyoMinsol) PyoM exhibit similar antibacterial properties against selected reference and clinical strains of H. pylori. This study showed that PyoM at a 1 μg/mL concentration reduced H. pylori-driven apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in fibroblasts, monocytes or gastric epithelial cells. In addition, PyoM enhanced the phagocytosis of H. pylori. PyoMsol showed better pro-regenerative and immunomodulatory activities than PyoMinsol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz M. Urbaniak
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
- Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Karolina Rudnicka
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Grażyna Gościniak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Chmiela
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
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Noori M, Mahboobi R, Nabavi-Rad A, Jamshidizadeh S, Fakharian F, Yadegar A, Zali MR. Helicobacter pylori infection contributes to the expression of Alzheimer's disease-associated risk factors and neuroinflammation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19607. [PMID: 37810022 PMCID: PMC10558876 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Over time, mounting evidence has demonstrated extra-gastric manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection. As such, a number of studies demonstrated the potential contribution of H. pylori infection to the incidence and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Considering unanswered questions regarding the effect of H. pylori infection on brain activity, we sought to investigate the impact of H. pylori infection on the expression of AD-associated risk factors. We used two H. pylori clinical strains obtained from two patients with peptic ulcer and evaluated their influence on the expression level of AD-associated genes (APP, ApoE2, ApoE4, ABCA7, BIN1, Clu, CD33) and genes for inflammatory markers (TLR-4, IL-8, TNF-α) by RT-qPCR in human glioblastoma (U87MG) and astrocyte (1321N1) cell lines. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was further assessed by ELISA assay. The exposure of U97MG and 1321N1 cells to H. pylori strains resulted in a significant enhancement in the expression level of the risk allele ApoE4, while reducing the expression of the protective allele ApoE2. H. pylori infection remarkably increased the expression level of main AD-associated risk genes, and also pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, we noticed a substantial elevation in the mRNA expression level of transmembrane receptor TLR-4 following H. pylori infection. Our findings presented the potential for H. pylori to stimulate the expression of AD-associated risk genes and trigger neuroinflammation in the brain tissue. This, in principle, leads to the recommendation that AD patients should perhaps test for H. pylori infection and receive treatments upon positive detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noori
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramina Mahboobi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nabavi-Rad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Jamshidizadeh
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fakharian
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pinar IE, Mavis O. The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Density on Serum Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels in Patients With Non-atrophic Gastritis. Cureus 2023; 15:e45252. [PMID: 37842464 PMCID: PMC10576622 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is an essential cause of gastrointestinal pathologies in adults. Despite being a microorganism proven to play a role in vitamin B12 deficiency by causing gastric atrophy, Hp's role in patients with non-atrophic gastritis has not been fully explained. Our study investigated whether the presence and density of Hp is related to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies in patients with non-atrophic gastritis. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed the following parameters, vitamin B12, folate, and mean red blood cell volume (MCV) in the hemogram; these were measured simultaneously in patients diagnosed with non-atrophic gastritis who had undergone gastroscopy to investigate Hp levels. Patients with conditions that could have caused vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies were excluded from the study. The study included 244 patients who met the criteria. The Sydney classification was used for histopathologic grading and staging of gastric biopsies of patients with gastritis. Results There was no relationship between the presence and density of Hp with vitamin B12 levels. However, folate levels were significantly lower in Hp-positive patients than in Hp-negative patients (p = 0.017). Folate levels were substantially lower in patients with chronic pan-mucosal gastritis than in patients with chronic inactive gastritis (p = 0.034). Statistically, a significant difference was found between folate levels on the basis of neutrophil activity and inflammation score (p = 0.011 and p <0.001, respectively). Conclusions Although there was no statistically significant relationship between the presence and density of Hp and vitamin B12, our study found an association between folate levels and Hp density. This may be associated with the time for the depletion of vitamin B12 and folate stores and the relatively early stage of gastritis. In cases with vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies, appropriate studies should be performed for specific epidemiological reasons in respective fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim E Pinar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Isparta City Hospital, Isparta, TUR
| | - Osman Mavis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences University, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
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22
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Gong Y, Tong S, Li X, Chen X, Liu Y, Li N, Xu J, Xu R, Guo Y, Xiao F, Chen X, Chen W. Intestinal Villi-Inspired Mathematically Base-Layer Engineered Microneedles (IMBEMs) for Effective Molecular Exchange during Biomarker Enrichment and Drug Deposition in Diversified Mucosa. ACS NANO 2023; 17:15696-15712. [PMID: 37549304 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The mucosa-interfacing systems based on bioinspired engineering design for sampling/drug delivery have manifested crucial potential for the monitoring of infectious diseases and the treatment of mucosa-related diseases. However, their efficiency and validity are severely restricted by limited contact area for molecular transfer and dissatisfactory capture/detachment capability. Herein, inspired by the multilayer villus structure of the small intestine that enables high nutrient absorption, a trigonometric function-based periodic pattern was fabricated and integrated on the base layer of the microneedle patch, exhibiting a desirable synergistic effect with needle tips for deep sample enrichment and promising molecular transfer, significantly improving the device-mucosa bidirectional interaction. Moreover, mathematical modeling and finite element analysis were adopted to visualize and quantify the microcosmic molecular transmission process, guiding parameter optimization in actual situation. Encouragingly, these intestinal villi-inspired mathematically base-layer engineered microneedles (IMBEMs) have demonstrated distinguished applicability among mucosa tissue with varying surface curvatures, tissue toughness, and local environments, and simultaneously, have gained favorable support from healthy volunteers receiving preliminary test of IMBEMs patches. Overall, validated by numerous in vitro and in vivo tests, the IMBEMs were confirmed to act as a promising candidate to facilitate mucosa-based sampling and topical drug delivery, indicating highly clinical translation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuai Tong
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xixuan Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yushuang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiarong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rengui Xu
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Liu L, Nahata MC. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Penicillin Allergy. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040737. [PMID: 37107099 PMCID: PMC10135207 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is among the prevalent causes of infections worldwide, and its resistance rate to antibiotics has been rising over time. Amoxicillin is the cornerstone for the treatment regimen. However, the prevalence of penicillin allergy ranges from 4% to 15%. In patients with true allergy, Vonoprazan-Clarithromycin-Metronidazole and bismuth quadruple therapy have demonstrated excellent eradication and high adherence rates. Vonoprazan-based therapy is administered less frequently and may be better tolerated than bismuth quadruple therapy. Therefore, vonoprazan-based therapy may be considered as a first-line therapy if accessible. Bismuth quadruple therapy can be used as the initial therapy when vonoprazan is unavailable. Levofloxacin or sitafloxacin-based regimens achieve a moderately high eradication rate. However, these are associated with potentially serious adverse effects and should only be used when other effective and safer regimens are unavailable. Cephalosporins such as cefuroxime have been used as an alternative to amoxicillin. Microbial susceptibility studies can guide the selection of appropriate antibiotics. PPI-Clarithromycin-Metronidazole fails to achieve a high eradication rate and should be used as a second-line therapy. PPI-Clarithromycin-Rifabutin should not be used because of low eradication rate and frequent adverse reactions. The choice of the most effective antibiotic regimen can enhance clinical outcomes in patients with H. pylori infection and penicillin allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Liu
- Institute of Therapeutic Innovations and Outcomes (ITIO), College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Milap C Nahata
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Varshney N, Kashyap D, Behra SK, Saini V, Chaurasia A, Kumar S, Jha HC. Predictive profiling of gram-negative antibiotics in CagA oncoprotein inactivation: a molecular dynamics simulation approach. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 34:501-521. [PMID: 37462112 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2230876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. CagA - positive Helicobacter pylori infects more than 60% of the human population. Moreover, chronic infection of CagA-positive H. pylori can directly affect GC incidence. In the current study, we have repurposed FDA-approved antibiotics that are viable alternatives to current regimens and can potentially be used as combination therapy against the CagA of H. pylori. The 100 FDA-approved gram negative antibiotics were screened against CagA protein using the AutoDock 4.2 tool. Further, top nine compounds were selected based on higher binding affinity with CagA. The trajectory analysis of MD simulations reflected that binding of these drugs with CagA stabilizes the system. Nonetheless, atomic density map and principal component analysis also support the notion of stable binding of antibiotics to the protein. The residues ASP96, GLN100, PRO184, and THR185 of compound cefpiramide, doxycycline, delafloxacin, metacycline, oxytetracycline, and ertapenem were involved in the binding with CagA protein. These residues are crucial for the CagA that aids in entry or pathogenesis of the bacterium. The screened FDA-approved antibiotics have a potential druggability to inhibit CagA and reduce the progression of H. pylori borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Varshney
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - D Kashyap
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - S K Behra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, India
| | - V Saini
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - A Chaurasia
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR -Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India
| | - S Kumar
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABIN), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI), Delhi, India
| | - H C Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
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Helicobacter Pylori Virulence Factor Cytotoxin-Associated Gene A (CagA) Induces Vascular Calcification in Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065392. [PMID: 36982467 PMCID: PMC10049385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases. The pro-inflammatory H. pylori virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) has been detected in serum exosomes of H. pylori-infected subjects and may exert systemic effects throughout the cardiovascular system. The role of H. pylori and CagA in vascular calcification was hitherto unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the vascular effects of CagA through human coronary artery smooth muscle cell (CASMC) osteogenic and pro-inflammatory effector gene expression as well as interleukin 1β secretion and cellular calcification. CagA upregulated bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) associated with an osteogenic CASMC phenotype switch and induced increased cellular calcification. Furthermore, a pro-inflammatory response was observed. These results support that H. pylori may contribute to vascular calcification through CagA rendering CASMCs osteogenic and inducing calcification.
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26
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Relationship of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 2023:5521239. [PMID: 36742347 PMCID: PMC9891807 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5521239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have become increasingly recognized, both of which affect human health globally. The association of H. pylori infection with NAFLD remains unclear. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Only a random-effects model was used. Odds ratios (ORs) and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the combined estimates of raw data. Adjusted ORs (aORs) and hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% CIs were calculated for the combined estimates of data adjusted for confounders. Results Thirty-four studies with 218573 participants were included. Based on unadjusted data from 26 cross-sectional studies and 3 case-control studies, H. pylori infection was significantly associated with the presence of NAFLD (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.17-1.36, P < 0.001). Based on adjusted data from 15 cross-sectional studies and 1 case-control study, H. pylori infection was significantly associated with the presence of NAFLD (aOR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.08-1.44, P < 0.001). Compared with control subjects without NAFLD, patients with moderate (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.17-2.39, P = 0.005) and severe (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.30-2.24, P < 0.001) NAFLD, but not those with mild NAFLD (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.9-1.45, P = 0.286), had significantly higher proportions of H. pylori infection. The association of H. pylori infection with the occurrence of NAFLD was statistically significant based on adjusted data from 3 cohort studies (aHR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05-1.34, P = 0.007), but not based on unadjusted data from 3 cohort studies (RR = 1.41, 95% CI = 0.80-2.48, P = 0.237). Conclusion H. pylori infection is associated with NAFLD, especially moderate and severe NAFLD. The impact of H. pylori eradication on the prevention of NAFLD should be further explored.
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Helicobacter pylori Infection: Current Status and Future Prospects on Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Control Challenges. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020191. [PMID: 36830102 PMCID: PMC9952126 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, which affects approximately half of the world's population, remains a serious public health problem. As H. pylori infection leads to a number of gastric pathologies, including inflammation, gastroduodenal ulcers, and malignancies, early detection and treatment are crucial to preventing the spread of the infection. Multiple extragastric complications, such as iron deficiency anaemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, vitamin B12 deficiency, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and certain neurological disorders, have also been linked to H. pylori infection. An awareness of H. pylori and associated health hazards is necessary to minimize or even eradicate the infection. Therefore, there is an urgent need to raise the standards for the currently employed diagnostic, eradication, alternative treatment strategies. In addition, a brief overview of traditional and cutting-edge approaches that have proven effective in identifying and managing H. pylori is needed. Based on the test and laboratory equipment available and patient clinical characteristics, the optimal diagnostic approach requires weighing several factors. The pathophysiology and pathogenic mechanisms of H. pylori should also be studied, focusing more on the infection-causing virulence factors of this bacterium. Accordingly, this review aims to demonstrate the various diagnostic, pathophysiological, therapeutic, and eradication tactics available for H. pylori, emphasizing both their advantages and disadvantages. Invasive methods (such as quick urease testing, biopsy, or culture) or noninvasive methods (such as breath tests, stool investigations, or serological tests) can be used. We also present the most recent worldwide recommendations along with scientific evidence for treating H. pylori. In addition to the current antibiotic regimens, alternative therapies may also be considered. It is imperative to eradicate the infections caused by H. pylori as soon as possible to prevent problems and the development of stomach cancer. In conclusion, significant advances have been made in identifying and treating H. pylori. To improve eradication rates, peptide mass fingerprinting can be used as a diagnostic tool, and vaccines can also eliminate the infection.
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Pérez-Cano HJ, Ceja-Martínez J, Tellezgiron-Lara V, Voorduin-Ramos S, Morales-López O, Somilleda-Ventura SA. Relationship between Helicobacter pylori and undifferentiated non-granulomatous anterior uveitis. Infection 2023; 51:765-768. [PMID: 36630044 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-022-01970-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship of Helicobacter pylori infection with ocular diseases, including anterior uveitis, has been reported. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies in patients with idiopathic non-granulomatous anterior uveitis and compare the results with a control group. METHODS A prospective, comparative, and cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients with idiopathic granulomatous anterior uveitis and a group of control subjects were included. The presence of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies was determined. The chi-square test was performed for comparative analysis with GraphPad Prism V5.0 software. RESULTS Thirty patients with idiopathic non-granulomatous anterior uveitis and 35 control subjects were included. In the determination of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies, 24 (80%) patients and 19 (54%) control subjects were positive. A significant difference (p = 0.0263) was found between the groups and an odds ratio (OR) of 3.37. CONCLUSIONS A direct relationship was found between the presence of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies and idiopathic non-granulomatous anterior uveitis. An association can be established between idiopathic non-granulomatous anterior uveitis and H. pylori infection, without this being a causal or physiopathogenic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Javier Pérez-Cano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz I.A.P., Ezequiel Montes 135, Col. Tabacalera, C.P. 06030, Del. Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, México.
| | - Jimena Ceja-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz I.A.P., Ezequiel Montes 135, Col. Tabacalera, C.P. 06030, Del. Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, México.,Segmento Anterior, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz I.A.P., Ezequiel Montes 135, Col. Tabacalera, C.P. 06030, Del. Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, México
| | - Vanessa Tellezgiron-Lara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz I.A.P., Ezequiel Montes 135, Col. Tabacalera, C.P. 06030, Del. Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, México
| | - Stephanie Voorduin-Ramos
- Uvea y Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz I.A.P., Ezequiel Montes 135, Col. Tabacalera, C.P. 06030, Del. Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, México
| | - Oscar Morales-López
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz I.A.P., Ezequiel Montes 135, Col. Tabacalera, C.P. 06030, Del. Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, México
| | - Selma Alin Somilleda-Ventura
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz I.A.P., Ezequiel Montes 135, Col. Tabacalera, C.P. 06030, Del. Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, México
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Xiong C, Zhao R, Xu J, Liang H, Zhang J, Huang Y, Luo X. Is Helicobacter pylori infection associated with osteoporosis? a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Miner Metab 2023; 41:74-87. [PMID: 36348162 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study used systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Ovid and Web of Science were searched to include observational studies published in English comparing bone mineral density changes between Helicobacter pylori-positive and -negative participants. The quality of the included literature was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). R software was used for meta-analysis, and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to evaluate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and osteoporosis. RESULTS Twenty-two studies involving 24,176 participants were included in the study. Our meta-analysis showed that Helicobacter pylori infection was significantly associated with the risk of osteoporosis (OR: 1.12, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.22). Participants infected with the CagA-positive Helicobacter pylori strain were more likely to develop osteoporosis (OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.09; 1.85). CONCLUSION Infection with Helicobacter pylori, particularly the CagA-positive strain, has been associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis. The bone health of Helicobacter pylori-positive patients deserves more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Runhan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Gonciarz W, Lechowicz Ł, Urbaniak M, Rechciński T, Chałubiński M, Broncel M, Kaca W, Chmiela M. Searching for serum biomarkers linking coronary heart disease and Helicobacter pylori infection using infrared spectroscopy and artificial neural networks. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18284. [PMID: 36316430 PMCID: PMC9622908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) Gram-negative bacteria cause gastritis or gastric ulcers. They may be involved in the development of systemic diseases i.e. coronary heart disease (CHD). Both Hp infection and CHD are related to inflammation accompanied by C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α) and homocysteine. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglicerides are a classic risk factors of CHD. Infrared spectroscopy has been introduced for monitoring chronic infections or endogenous disorders using specific absorption bands for biocomponents typed as diagnostic markers. In this study we selected specific motives of infrared radiation (IR) spectra for the sera from CHD patients infected with Hp. In total 141 sera were used: 90 from patients with CHD, all Hp positive, and 51 from healthy donors, 32 Hp negative and 21 Hp positive. Hp status was evaluated by anti-Hp IgG antibodies and/or 13C urea breath testing. IR spectra were measured using FT-IR/FT-NIR Spectrum 400 spectrometer (PerkinElmer) chemometrically analyzed using artificial neural networks and they showed differences in absorption bands corresponding to triglicerides, CRP, homocysteine, LDL and TNF-α, and selected component groups between CHD patients infected with Hp vs healthy uninfected donors (96.15% accuracy). Triglicerides and CRP were the best biomarkers linking Hp infection with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Gonciarz
- grid.10789.370000 0000 9730 2769Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland ,grid.411821.f0000 0001 2292 9126Department of Synthesis and Structural Research, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 11, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Łukasz Lechowicz
- grid.411821.f0000 0001 2292 9126Departament of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 11, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Mariusz Urbaniak
- grid.411821.f0000 0001 2292 9126Department of Synthesis and Structural Research, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 11, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rechciński
- grid.8267.b0000 0001 2165 3025Clinic and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Chałubiński
- grid.8267.b0000 0001 2165 3025Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 91-347 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marlena Broncel
- grid.8267.b0000 0001 2165 3025Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wiesław Kaca
- grid.411821.f0000 0001 2292 9126Departament of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 11, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chmiela
- grid.10789.370000 0000 9730 2769Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Mahmoud A, Abuelazm M, Ahmed AAS, Abdalshafy H, Abdelazeem B, Brašić JR. Efficacy and Safety of Polaprezinc-Based Therapy versus the Standard Triple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194126. [PMID: 36235778 PMCID: PMC9573391 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most prevalent etiology of gastritis worldwide. H. pylori management depends mainly on antibiotics, especially the triple therapy formed of clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and proton pump inhibitors. Lately, many antibiotic-resistant strains have emerged, leading to a decrease in the eradication rates of H. pylori. Polaprezinc (PZN), a mucosal protective zinc-L-carnosine complex, may be a non-antibiotic agent to treat H. pylori without the risk of resistance. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a PZN-based regimen for the eradication of H. pylori. This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from WOS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, PubMed, and Google Scholar until 25 July 2022. We used the odds ratio (OR) for dichotomous outcomes presented with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). We registered our protocol in PROSPERO with ID: CRD42022349231. We included 3 trials with a total of 396 participants who were randomized to either PZN plus triple therapy (n = 199) or triple therapy alone (control) (n = 197). Pooled OR found a statistical difference favoring the PZN arm in the intention to treat and per protocol H. pylori eradication rates (OR: 2.01 with 95% CI [1.27, 3.21], p = 0.003) and (OR: 2.65 with 95% CI [1.55, 4.54], p = 0.0004), respectively. We found no statistical difference between the two groups regarding the total adverse events (OR: 1.06 with 95% CI [0.55, 2.06], p = 0.85). PZN, when added to the triple therapy, yielded a better effect concerning the eradication rates of H. pylori with no difference in adverse event rates, and thus can be considered a valuable adjuvant for the management of H. pylori. However, the evidence is still scarce, and larger trials are needed to confirm or refute our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Basel Abdelazeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care, Flint, MI 48532, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - James Robert Brašić
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-443-610-0709
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32
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Shi Y, Zheng H, Guo Z, Deng R, Yu W, Song Y, Ding S. Effect of Helicobacter pylori on immunotherapy is gaining more attention. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12925. [PMID: 36036113 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, has been widely used in tumor therapy and have shown ideal clinical efficacy. However, some cancers still do not respond to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy effectively. Helicobacter pylori infection might affect the curative effect of immunotherapy while it is rarely reported. We aimed to visualize the research hotspots and trends of H. pylori and immunotherapy using a bibliometric analysis to help understand the future development of basic and clinical research. METHODS The relevant publications on H. pylori and immunotherapy were searched on April 20, 2022, in the Web of Science Core Collection Database (WOSCC). The document types were limited to articles and reviews. The VOSviewer 1.6.16 software was used to assess the co-authorship, co-occurrence, citation of countries, institutions, authors, journals, and hotspot keywords. The research status and trend change of H. pylori and immunotherapy were analyzed by bibliometric analysis. RESULTS A total of 95 studies authored by 561 researchers were eventually included in this study. The majority of the retrieved studies were 55 (58%) original research articles. China conducted the greatest number of studies, followed by USA and Italy. The related topics included the following three aspects: the relationship between microorganisms and cancer, the relationship between gastric cancer and immunity, and the relationship between H. pylori and immunotherapy, including purified/cloned components of H. pylori acting as efficient adjuvant to boost tumor responses and H. pylori infection which modulate host immune responses and impact on the efficacy of antitumor immunity initiated by immune checkpoint inhibitors. The timing diagram revealed that the current research hotspots focused on effects of microorganisms on immunotherapy. CONCLUSION The effect of H. pylori on cancer immunotherapy is getting more and more attention in these years. It still remains uncertain, and more studies are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Shi
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huiling Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyi Deng
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yahan Song
- Library, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Mărginean CD, Mărginean CO, Meliț LE. Helicobacter pylori-Related Extraintestinal Manifestations—Myth or Reality. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091352. [PMID: 36138661 PMCID: PMC9497822 DOI: 10.3390/children9091352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can cause both gastrointestinal and extraintestinal manifestations. The latter one represents a major burden in terms of diagnosis and treatment. H. pylori-associated systemic subclinical inflammation is mostly responsible for the development of extraintestinal manifestations, and its early eradication might result in preventing all adverse events related to their occurrence. Thus, it was suggested that H. pylori might be associated with iron deficiency anemia, thrombocytopenia (immune thrombocytopenic purpura), Schonlein Henoch purpura, failure to thrive, vitamin B12 deficiency, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, cardiovascular diseases, as well as certain neurological conditions. Nevertheless, studies showed both pros and cons in terms of the role of H. pylori in the development of previously mentioned clinical entity underlining the crucial need for further studies on these topics. Although most of these extraintestinal manifestations occur during adulthood, we must not forget that H. pylori infection is acquired mainly during childhood, and thus its early diagnosis and eradication might represent the cornerstone in the prevention of H. pylori-induced inflammatory status and consequently of all related extraintestinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dan Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, County Emergency Hospital Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 50, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Lorena Elena Meliț
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, Rokkas T, Gisbert JP, Liou JM, Schulz C, Gasbarrini A, Hunt RH, Leja M, O'Morain C, Rugge M, Suerbaum S, Tilg H, Sugano K, El-Omar EM. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht VI/Florence consensus report. Gut 2022; 71:gutjnl-2022-327745. [PMID: 35944925 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pyloriInfection is formally recognised as an infectious disease, an entity that is now included in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision. This in principle leads to the recommendation that all infected patients should receive treatment. In the context of the wide clinical spectrum associated with Helicobacter pylori gastritis, specific issues persist and require regular updates for optimised management.The identification of distinct clinical scenarios, proper testing and adoption of effective strategies for prevention of gastric cancer and other complications are addressed. H. pylori treatment is challenged by the continuously rising antibiotic resistance and demands for susceptibility testing with consideration of novel molecular technologies and careful selection of first line and rescue therapies. The role of H. pylori and antibiotic therapies and their impact on the gut microbiota are also considered.Progress made in the management of H. pylori infection is covered in the present sixth edition of the Maastricht/Florence 2021 Consensus Report, key aspects related to the clinical role of H. pylori infection were re-evaluated and updated. Forty-one experts from 29 countries representing a global community, examined the new data related to H. pylori infection in five working groups: (1) indications/associations, (2) diagnosis, (3) treatment, (4) prevention/gastric cancer and (5) H. pylori and the gut microbiota. The results of the individual working groups were presented for a final consensus voting that included all participants. Recommendations are provided on the basis of the best available evidence and relevance to the management of H. pylori infection in various clinical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Malfertheiner
- Medical Department 2, LMU, Munchen, Germany
- Department of Radiology, LMU, Munchen, Germany
| | - Francis Megraud
- INSERM U853 UMR BaRITOn, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Theodore Rokkas
- Gastroenterology, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece
- Medical School, European University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medical Department 2, LMU, Munchen, Germany
- Partner Site Munich, DZIF, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Roma, Italy
| | - Richard H Hunt
- Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcis Leja
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Colm O'Morain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Tumor Registry (RTV), Padova, Italy
| | - Sebastian Suerbaum
- Partner Site Munich, DZIF, Braunschweig, Germany
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, LMU, Munchen, Germany
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medizinische Universitat Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kentaro Sugano
- Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Emad M El-Omar
- Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Chen X, Wang N, Wang J, Liao B, Cheng L, Ren B. The interactions between oral-gut axis microbiota and Helicobacter pylori. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:914418. [PMID: 35992177 PMCID: PMC9381925 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.914418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human body, each microbial habitat exhibits a different microbial population pattern, and these distinctive microflorae are highly related to the development of diseases. The microbial interactions from host different niches are becoming crucial regulators to shape the microbiota and their physiological or pathological functions. The oral cavity and gut are the most complex and interdependent microbial habitats. Helicobacter pylori is one of the most important pathogens from digestive tract, especially the stomach, due to its direct relationships with many gastric diseases including gastric cancer. H. pylori infections can destroy the normal gastric environment and make the stomach a livable channel to enhance the microbial interactions between oral cavity and gut, thus reshaping the oral and gut microbiomes. H. pylori can be also detected in the oral and gut, while the interaction between the oral-gut axis microbiota and H. pylori plays a major role in H. pylori’s colonization, infection, and pathogenicity. Both the infection and eradication of H. pylori and its interaction with oral-gut axis microbiota can alter the balance of the microecology of the oral-gut axis, which can affect the occurrence and progress of related diseases. The shift of oral-gut axis microbiota and their interactions with H. pylori maybe potential targets for H. pylori infectious diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiannan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binyou Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Cheng, ; Biao Ren,
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Cheng, ; Biao Ren,
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Li J, Yu H, Wang Y, Wang B, Zhang R, Chen S, Duan G. A meta-analysis of the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of hepatic encephalopathy. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022:6654521. [PMID: 35924861 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has been confirmed through some research, the results of these relevant studies still remain controversial. We conducted an updated meta-analysis based on published studies to address this issue. METHODS A systematic search was conducted, reviewing all studies about the association between H. pylori infection and HE, through November 2021. The outcome measures were presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS In total, 13 studies provided data from 2784 subjects. H. pylori infection increased the risk of HE by 32% (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.78-3.04). The effect became greater after hepatic encephalopathy was divided into overt HE and minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) (HE OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 2.01-3.51, MHE OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.10-2.76). After H. pylori eradication, the risk of HE was reduced by 64%. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection is significantly associated with HE, and the infection rate of H. pylori also increases with the severity of HE. Eradication of H. pylori has a protective effect on HE. Therefore, it is necessary to eradicate H. pylori in HE treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- DeltaMed Solutions Inc., 220 Davidson Avenue, Suite 201, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Yuexia Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,First Affiliated Hospital and International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Xu X, Liu Y, Xiong X, Yao Y, Hu H, Jiang X, Meng W. Diagnostic value of oral "beefy red" patch combined with fingertip blood mean corpuscular volume in vitamin B12 deficiency. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:273. [PMID: 35790943 PMCID: PMC9258077 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the diagnostic value of accessible fingertip mean corpuscular volume (MCV) combined with a visible "beefy red" patch in the diagnosis of vitamin B12 (VB12) deficiency in local clinics and hospitals without in-house clinical laboratories, especially in remote areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical history data of patients complaining of oral mucosal pain at the Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University were reviewed. All included patients underwent fingertip blood routine examination, specific serological test (serum VB12, folic acid, iron, and ferritin), and detailed oral clinical examinations. According to the results of the serum VB12 test patients were divided into case and control groups. In diagnostic test, the diagnostic value of the "beefy red" patch and elevated MCV in VB12 deficiency was evaluated by the receiver operator characteristic curve. RESULTS There were more female patients than male patients in the case group (serum VB12 level < 148 pmol/L, n = 81) and control group (serum VB12 level ≥ 148 pmol/L, n = 60), mostly middle-aged and elderly patients. There were no statistical differences in gender and age between the two groups. In the case group, the number of individuals with stomach disease was 13, the number of individuals with "beefy red" patch was 78, the number of individuals with oral ulcer was 29, the number of individuals with "MCV > 100fL" and "folic acid < 15.9 nmol/L" were respectively 68 and 5. All were more than that in control group (P < 0.05). The diagnostic test, "beefy red patch" has high sensitivity (0.963) but low specificity(0.883), "MCV > 100 fL" has high specificity (0.933) but low specificity (0.815), and "MCV > 100 fL combined with beefy red patch" has maximal specificity (0.950), and area under the curve (0.949). CONCLUSIONS Visible oral "beefy red" patch combined with accessible fingertip blood MCV could improve the rate of diagnosis in VB12 deficiency, especially in the elderly in local clinics and hospitals without in-house clinical laboratories in China, which is conducive to early disease detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoheng Xu
- Departments of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Departments of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Xiong
- Departments of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Yao
- Departments of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiting Hu
- Departments of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Departments of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxia Meng
- Departments of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Elshair M, Ugai T, Oze I, Kasugai Y, Koyanagi YN, Hara K, Ito H, Matsuo K. Impact of socioeconomic status and sibling number on the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: a cross-sectional study in a Japanese population. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2022; 84:374-387. [PMID: 35967946 PMCID: PMC9350568 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.84.2.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a significant risk factor for gastric cancer. The infection is acquired mainly in early childhood and is influenced by environmental factors, including socioeconomic status and sibling number. However, the impact of socioeconomic status and sibling number on Helicobacter pylori infection has not been well studied in Japan. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic status, represented by education level, and sibling number on the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among 3,423 non-cancer subjects who visited Aichi Cancer Center between 2005 and 2013. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounding variables. Of the 3,423 subjects, 1,459 (42.6%) were Helicobacter pylori-positive. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection linearly decreased with increasing socioeconomic status [ORs (95% CIs) of moderate and high socioeconomic status relative to low socioeconomic status of 0.67 (0.53-0.84) and 0.43 (0.34-0.54), respectively; P trend=9.7×10-17]. In contrast, the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection linearly increased with increasing sibling number [ORs (95% CIs) of SN 3-4 and ≥5 relative to sibling number ≤2 of 1.74 (1.47-2.06) and 2.54 (2.12-3.04), respectively; P trend=1.2×10-24]. This study showed that socioeconomic status and sibling number were significantly associated with the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moaz Elshair
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
,Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
,Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kasugai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuriko N. Koyanagi
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
,Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Arrua EC, Sanchez SV, Trincado V, Hidalgo A, Quest AFG, Morales JO. Experimental design and optimization of a novel dual-release drug delivery system with therapeutic potential against infection with Helicobacter pylori. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112403. [PMID: 35219219 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop clarithromycin-loaded lipid nanocarriers and incorporate them into microcapsules for pH-specific localized release of clarithromycin in the Helicobacter pylori microenvironment in order to obtain a gastro-retentive and pH-sensitive formulation. A Plackett-Burman design was applied to identify the effect of 5 factors on 3 responses. Then, a central composite design was applied to estimate the most important factors leading to the best compromise between lower particle size, polydispersity index and particle size changes. The optimized clarithromycin-loaded nanocapsules were employed to generate microcapsules by different methodologies. Nanocarriers and microcapsules were characterized in vitro. Experimental design and conditions were optimized to obtain nanocapsules of around 100 nm by a modified phase inversion-based process. High particle size homogeneity and high stability were achieved. At 4 °C both optimized lipid nanocapsules were stable during at least 365 days, confirming stability under those conditions. Clarithromycin incorporation in the nanocarrier was effective. Both types of microcoating were evaluated regarding their pH sensitivity. Spray drying microcapsules exhibited similar and uncontrolled release profiles at pH 2 and 7.4. Alternatively, when microcoatings were generated using an Encapsulator, release was insignificant at pH 2, while at pH 7.4 release was triggered, and appeared more appropriate to formulate microcapsules that release nanocarriers under pH neutral Helicobacter pylori microenvironment conditions, thereby permitting effective drug delivery in infected locations. The release of clarithromycin from lipid nanocarrier loaded microcapsules was pH-sensitive suggesting that this could be an effective strategy for clarithromycin delivery to the Helicobacter pylori microenvironment. Clarithromycin nanocapsules with and without microcoating showed a high anti-Helicobacter pylori activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C Arrua
- Drug Delivery Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Sofía V Sanchez
- Drug Delivery Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8380492, Chile; Center of New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Valeria Trincado
- Drug Delivery Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Antonio Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for the study of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8380492, Chile; Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for the study of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Javier O Morales
- Drug Delivery Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8380492, Chile; Center of New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), Santiago 8380492, Chile.
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Zha J, Li YY, Qu JY, Yang XX, Han ZX, Zuo X. Effects of enhanced education for patients with the Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12880. [PMID: 35150600 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections are of serious concern due to the associated risk of gastric cancer. However, many patients have poor medication and therapy compliance, which makes it difficult to eradicate their infections. This points to the need for stronger educational interventions aimed at enhancing compliance, thus increasing the potential for treatment success. As such, this study conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the effects of enhanced patient education (EPE) programs for H. pylori. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on health education for patients infected with H. pylori from inception to June 2021. The primary outcome was the eradication rate of H. pylori, while the secondary outcomes included the incidence of individual adverse symptoms, treatment compliance, clinical symptom remission after treatment, and patient satisfaction. We used the fixed or random-effects model to pool the risk ratio (RR), with 95% confidence interval. We also conducted sensitivity and subgroup analyses. RESULTS Our search returned seven relevant studies across a total of 1,433 patients. Compared with controls, EPE was significantly associated with improved H. pylori eradication rates (RR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.04-1.29, p = 0.006) and patient compliance (RR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.14-1.93, p = 0.003). A subgroup analysis also showed that EPE benefits were consistent across patients with different eradication programs, WeChat intervention plans, and intervention frequencies (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the total adverse effects, common side effects (diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, taste disorder, and skin rash), or discontinuation rate (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patient education is inexpensive, safe, and convenient. In this context, our findings suggest that enhanced educational interventions have positive effects on both the H. pylori eradication rate and adherence among infected patients, and thus constitute promising complements to clinical treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue-Yue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun-Yan Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhong-Xue Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuli Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Tong X, Li B, Li J, Li L, Zhang R, Du Y, Zhang Y. Polyethylene microplastics cooperate with Helicobacter pylori to promote gastric injury and inflammation in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132579. [PMID: 34656620 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics provide stable habitats for the colonization and survival of pathogenic microorganisms, and cooperate with microorganisms to pose a potential threat to human health. In this study, polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) in artificial gastric juice time-dependently decomposed and broke into small-diameter PE-MP fragments that were more stable than those in an aqueous solution. Helicobacter pylori adhered to the surfaces of the PE-MPs to form a biofilm. The gastric tissues of mice treated with PE-MPs first and mixture of PE-MPs and H. pylori were positive for H. pylori infection in the 10th and 14th weeks after treatment, whereas those infected with H. pylori first and H. pylori alone were positive only in the 14th week after treatment. PE-MPs were visible in the gastric, intestinal, and liver tissues of mice treated with PE-MPs. The average diameter of the PE-MP fragments in the liver was greater than those of fragments that entered the gastric or intestinal tissues, and the average diameter of PE-MPs in the PE-MPs only-treated mice was significantly smaller than those of PE-MPs entering the intestinal tissues of the other groups. The infiltration of inflammatory cells was most serious in the mice treated with the mixture of PE-MPs and H. pylori, or with PE-MPs first and then H. pylori. Of all the groups, the gastric organ index and MPO, IL6, and TNF-α levels were highest in the mice treated with the mixture of PE-MPs and H. pylori. These results indicate that the interaction between PE-MPs and H. pylori contributed to the rapid bacterial colonization of gastric mucosal epithelial cells, improved the efficiency of PE-MP entry into tissues, and promoted gastric injury and inflammation in mice. These findings suggest that microplastics may provide a stable habitat for H. pylori, and act synergistically with H. pylori to pose a potential threat to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Tong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Boqing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Lan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Ruiqing Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yunqiu Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Nano/Microrobots Line Up for Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases: Targeted Delivery, Therapy, and Prevention. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15020426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nano/microrobots (NMRs) are tiny devices that can convert energy into motion and operate at nano/microscales.54 Especially in biomedical research, NMRs have received much attention over the past twenty years because of their excellent capabilities and great potential in various applications, including on-demand drug delivery, gene and cell transport, and precise microsurgery. Reports published in recent years show that synthetic nano/microrobots have promising potential to function in the gastrointestinal (GI) region, particularly in terms of drug delivery. These tiny robots were able to be designed in such a way that they propel in their surroundings (biological media) with high speed, load cargo (drug) efficiently, transport it safely, and release upon request successfully. Their propulsion, retention, distribution, and toxicity in the GI tract of mice has been evaluated. The results envisage that such nano/microrobots can be further modified and developed as a new-generation treatment of GI tract diseases. In this minireview, we focus on the functionality of micro/nanorobots as a biomedical treatment system for stomach/intestinal diseases. We review the research progress from the first in vivo report in December 2014 to the latest in August 2021. Then, we discuss the treatment difficulties and challenges in vivo application (in general) and possible future development routes.
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Bai X, Zhu M, He Y, Wang T, Tian D, Shu J. The impacts of probiotics in eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:692. [PMID: 36344628 PMCID: PMC9640438 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a well-known pathogen that infects approximately half of the world's population. It is a pathogenic agent with potential health hazards related to diverse diseases, especially digestive diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. In clinical, antibiotics are commonly applied in eradication therapy of H. pylori. However, the increase in antibiotic resistance and side effects has induced the failure of eradication therapy. Recent studies have shown that probiotic supplementation has promising application prospects. It can restore the gastrointestinal microbiota balance and prevent dysbacteriosis caused by antibiotics. Furthermore, it has been reported to have direct or indirect inhibitory effects on H. pylori. Probiotics may have a beneficial effect on H. pylori eradication. However, the strain, dosages, duration times, and safety of probiotic supplementation need further study before clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minjie Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajun He
- Department of Clinic Laboratory, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tengyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianchang Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Azami M, Baradaran HR, Dehghanbanadaki H, Kohnepoushi P, Saed L, Moradkhani A, Moradpour F, Moradi Y. Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with the risk of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:145. [PMID: 34922625 PMCID: PMC8684139 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting results of recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome explored the need for updated meta-analysis on this issue. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. METHODS To identify case-control studies and cohort studies evaluating the association of H. pylori infection with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, a comprehensive literature search was performed from international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, and CINHAL from January 1990 until January 2021. We used odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval to quantify the effect of case-control studies and risk ratio with its 95% CI for the effect of cohort studies. RESULTS 22 studies with 206,911 participants were included for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of odds ratio between H. pylori infection and metabolic syndrome in case-control studies was 1.19 (95% CI 1.05-1.35; I2 = 0%), and in cohort studies, the pooled risk ratio was 1.31 (95% CI 1.13-1.51; I2 = 0%). Besides, case-control studies showed the pooled odds ratio of 1.54 (95% CI 1.19-1.98; I2 = 6.88%) for the association between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance. CONCLUSION In this meta-analysis, the results showed that there was a possibility of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in case of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobin Azami
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Baradaran
- Ageing Clinical & Experimental Research Team, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Hojat Dehghanbanadaki
- Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Kohnepoushi
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Lotfolah Saed
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Asra Moradkhani
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Moradpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran
- Department of Biostatics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran
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Gupta PC, Kar A, Sharma N, Singh PK, Goswami NK, Kumar S. Protective effect of standardised fruit extract of Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy against ethanol induced gastric mucosal lesions in Wistar rats. Ann Med 2021; 53:1696-1708. [PMID: 34555996 PMCID: PMC8475150 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1981548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The fruit of Garcinia is a rich and valuable source of bioactive compounds and is traditionally used for treating wounds and ulcers. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of chromatographically standardized fruit extract of Garcinia cowa (GCE) on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats and its possible mechanisms. METHODS The effect of GCE (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was evaluated by determining various gastric ulcer parameters like gastric wall mucus, non-protein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) content, microvascular permeability, endogenous antioxidant enzyme, and gastric histopathological study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of GCE at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited significant (p < .01) dose-dependent inhibition of ulcer index by 18.94-44.02%, respectively. Pre-treatment of rats with GCE (400 mg/kg) significantly restored the depleted gastric wall mucus level by 34.09% and NP-SH content by 33.35% induced by ethanol administration. In addition, GCE (400 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in microvascular permeability of Evans Blue by 47.43%, rationalizing its protective effect. Furthermore, a significant increase in oxidative enzyme levels with reduction in malondialdehyde level and elevation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed in the GCE treated group as compared to the ulcer control group. The histopathological assessment also confirmed the protective nature of GCE. HPTLC analysis showed the presence of 0.27%, 0.11% w/w gallic acid, and amentoflavone, respectively in GCE. The content of α-mangostin and xanthochymol in the G. cowa extract sample quantified by HPLC-PDA method was 0.72 and 8.46%, respectively. The results obtained indicate that the protective effect of GCE against gastric ulcers in rats through multiple actions confirmed by the reduction of oxidative stress and restoration of adhered gastric mucus, NP-SH content, and histological architecture.KEY MESSAGESEthanol is the most typical ulcerogenic agent and has been shown to extend the risk of ulcer in humans.Natural products are promising alternative medication for the development of new drugs to regulate gastrointestinal diseases.Garcinia cowa protects the gastric mucosa through multiple actions that include restoration of adhered gastric mucus and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chandra Gupta
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Ashish Kar
- Northeastern Regional Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Guwahati, India
| | - Nisha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Naba Kumar Goswami
- Northeastern Regional Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Guwahati, India
| | - Satyanshu Kumar
- ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Boriavi, Anand, India
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Etchegaray-Morales I, Jiménez-Herrera EA, Mendoza-Pinto C, Rojas-Villarraga A, Macías-Díaz S, Osorio-Peña ÁD, Munguía-Realpozo P, García-Carrasco M. Helicobacter pylori and its association with autoimmune diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren syndrome. J Transl Autoimmun 2021; 4:100135. [PMID: 34825158 PMCID: PMC8605081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2021.100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium that adapts to the gastric mucosa and provokes symptoms associated with gastritis. Chronic H. pylori infection in patients with a genetic predisposition can trigger autoimmune diseases due to the immune interaction of cellular and humoral responses. Infections are a triggering factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren syndrome (SS), although the association between H. pylori and these diseases is unclear. Therefore, we reviewed this interaction and its clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivet Etchegaray-Morales
- Department of Rheumatology, Medicine School, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, 72420, Puebla, Mexico
| | | | - Claudia Mendoza-Pinto
- Department of Rheumatology, Medicine School, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, 72420, Puebla, Mexico
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research, Unit of Specialties, Hospital UMAE, Mexican Social Security Institute, 2 Norte 2004, 72000, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Adriana Rojas-Villarraga
- Research Institute, Fundación Universitaria De Ciencias De La Salud, University of Health Sciences, Cra. 19 N 8a-32, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Salvador Macías-Díaz
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital General de Zona N°1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Francisco I. Madero 407, 42070, Hidalgo, Mexico
- Department of Medical Oncology. Medicine School. Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, 72420, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ángel David Osorio-Peña
- Department of Rheumatology, Medicine School, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, 72420, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Pamela Munguía-Realpozo
- Department of Rheumatology, Medicine School, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, 72420, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Mario García-Carrasco
- Department of Rheumatology, Medicine School, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, 72420, Puebla, Mexico
- Corresponding author.
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Iron Deficiency in Celiac Disease: Prevalence, Health Impact, and Clinical Management. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103437. [PMID: 34684433 PMCID: PMC8537360 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential nutrient to life and is required for erythropoiesis, oxidative, metabolism, and enzymatic activities. It is a cofactor for mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, the citric acid cycle, and DNA synthesis, and it promotes the growth of immune system cells. Thus, iron deficiency (ID) leads to deleterious effects on the overall health of individuals, causing significant morbidity. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most recognized type of anemia in patients with celiac disease (CD) and may be present in over half of patients at the time of diagnosis. Folate and vitamin B12 malabsorption, nutritional deficiencies, inflammation, blood loss, development of refractory CD, and concomitant Heliobacter pylori infection are other causes of anemia in such patients. The decision to replenish iron stores and the route of administration (oral or intravenous) are controversial due, in part, to questions surrounding the optimal formulation and route of administration. This paper provides an algorithm based on the severity of symptoms; its impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQL); the tolerance and efficiency of oral iron; and other factors that predict a poor response to oral iron, such as the severity of histological damage, poor adherence to GFD, and blood loss due to mucosal lesions.
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Kondou H. Heliobacter pylori infection and extra-gastric disease in children and adolescents. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:1007-1008. [PMID: 34472649 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kondou
- Department of Pediatrics, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Nara, Japan
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Helicobacter pylori Infection and Extragastric Diseases-A Focus on the Central Nervous System. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092191. [PMID: 34571840 PMCID: PMC8469861 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is most known to cause a wide spectrum of gastrointestinal impairments; however, an increasing number of studies indicates that H. pylori infection might be involved in numerous extragastric diseases such as neurological, dermatological, hematologic, ocular, cardiovascular, metabolic, hepatobiliary, or even allergic diseases. In this review, we focused on the nervous system and aimed to summarize the findings regarding H. pylori infection and its involvement in the induction/progression of neurological disorders. Neurological impairments induced by H. pylori infection are primarily due to impairments in the gut-brain axis (GBA) and to an altered gut microbiota facilitated by H. pylori colonization. Currently, regarding a potential relationship between Helicobacter infection and neurological disorders, most of the studies are mainly focused on H. pylori.
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Gut microbiota alteration and modulation in psychiatric disorders: Current evidence on fecal microbiota transplantation. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 109:110258. [PMID: 33497754 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The micro-organisms residing within the gastrointestinal tract, namely gut microbiota, form a dynamic population proper of each individual, mostly composed by bacteria which co-evolved symbiotically with human species. The advances of culture-independent techniques allowed the understanding of the multiple functions of the gut microbiota in human physiology and disease, the latter often recognising a predisposing condition in an imbalanced intestinal microbial ecosystem (dysbiosis). A complex mutual interconnection between the central nervous system (CNS), the intestine and the gut microbiota, known as "microbiota-gut-brain axis", has been hypothesized to play a pivotal role in maintaining central and peripheral functions, as well as mental health. Thus, dysbiosis with specific microbiota imbalances seems to be strongly associated with the onset psychiatric disorders by altering neurodevelopment, enhancing neurodegeneration, affecting behaviour and mood. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) consists of transferring the fecal matter from a donor into the gastrointestinal tract of a recipient, and it is used to quickly modulate the gut microbiota. This review focuses on the uses of FMT in psychiatric disorders. FMT has been used to induce dysbiosis and to study the disease development, or to heal dysbiosis-related mental disorders. Overall, FMT of impaired microbiota resulted effective in enhancing psychiatric-like disturbances (mainly depression and anxiety) in recipient animals, plausibly by impairing immune system, inflammatory and metabolic pathways, neurochemical processes and neuro-transmission. On the other side, preclinical and clinical data suggest that reversing or mitigating dysbiosis seems a promising strategy to restore behavioural impairments or to obtain psychiatric symptom relief. However, current evidence is limited by the lack of procedural standardization, the paucity of human studies in the vastity of psychiatric conditions and the need of a microbiota-targeted donor-recipient matching.
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