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Salamat S, Jahan-Mihan A, Gharibvand L, Reza Tabandeh M, Mansoori A. Multi-species synbiotic supplementation increased fecal short chain fatty acids and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 in adult men with dyslipidemia; A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. Cytokine 2024; 179:156608. [PMID: 38631185 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence revealed that an imbalance of Gut Microbiota (GM) leads to metabolic disorders. Synbiotics through regulation of GM composition can be an effective intervention in the management of metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of multi-species synbiotic supplementation on serum interleukin10 (IL-10) and fecal Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) in patients with dyslipidemia. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, fifty-six adult men with dyslipidemia were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups and received either synbiotic or placebo powder twice a day for 12 weeks. Each synbiotic sachet contained 6 species of probiotic microorganisms with a total dose of 3 × 1010 Colony Forming Unit (CFU) and 5 gr inulin and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) as prebiotics. Blood and stool samples were collected at the baseline and end of the study. Dietary intake, physical activity, anthropometric measurements, serum IL-10, and fecal SCFAs were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULT There were no significant differences between the baseline characteristics of patients in the two groups. Serum IL-10 was increased in the synbiotic group (p < 0.0001). Moreover, synbiotic supplementation increased fecal concentration of acetate (p < 0.0001), butyrate (p = 0.043), propionate (p < 0.0001), and valerate (p < 0.026). A significant positive correlation was observed between the changes in fecal butyrate level and serum IL-10 concentration in the control group (r = 0.48, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS A Twelve-week synbiotic supplementation increased fecal SCFAs and improved inflammation in adult men with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekoufeh Salamat
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Jahan-Mihan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Lida Gharibvand
- Loma Linda University School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran; Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Anahita Mansoori
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Hasani-Ranjbar S, Hoseini Tavassol Z, Malmir H, Ejtahed HS, Tajabadi Ebrahimi M, Larijani B. Investigation of the probiotic supplement's effect on obese adults demonstrated a reduction in fasting insulin levels: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1141-1149. [PMID: 38932862 PMCID: PMC11196508 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Regarding the importance of obesity concerns and trying to help obese individuals, we planned to develop an effective probiotic formula for weight control. So, this double-blind randomized clinical trial study investigated the impact of probiotics supplementation on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in obese adults. Methods In this study, 66 obese patients with BMI in the range of 30-40 kg/m2, were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the probiotic or placebo group. They all received advice to maintain a reduction in daily caloric intake and for 3 months received two unlabeled placebo or probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium langum) capsules per day. For each participant demographic and medical history questionnaire, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and modifiable activity questionnaire (MAQ) were completed at the beginning of the study and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were done before and after intervention. Results At the end of the trial 25 subjects in the probiotic group and 26 subjects in the placebo group were analyzed. After the intervention, in the probiotic group, the level of fasting insulin was reduced significantly (P < 0.05). Weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference decreased within both groups. This reduction amount's mean was higher in the probiotic group. Also, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels were decreased, but not statistically significant. Conclusion This study may suggest the potential of this combined probiotic supplement for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders. However, further researches are warranted for a definitive determination of its properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hoseini Tavassol
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Malmir
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lee HB, Khan R, Vally M, Orchard A. A scoping review on natural cholesterol lowering supplements sold in South African pharmacies. Health SA 2024; 29:2299. [PMID: 38445038 PMCID: PMC10913186 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v29i0.2299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidaemia is defined as elevated total or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels or low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Patients may often make use of natural cholesterol lowering supplements (NCLSs) available at the pharmacy; however, limited information on these supplements is readily available. Pharmacists should be knowledgeable about NCLSs to ensure that the use of these supplements is supported by evidence and to provide appropriate advice to patients for desirable therapeutic outcomes. Aim This study aimed to identify the NCLSs being sold in South African pharmacies and review the scientific evidence for each of the ingredients in these NCLSs. Methods Seventeen NCLS products were identified, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology was used to conduct a literature review of NCLSs. Results From the ingredients reviewed it is evident that co-enzyme Q10, probiotics and sterols have sufficient evidence supporting their use. However, there is still limited scientific evidence available to validate the remaining ingredients. Conclusion Further research on NCLSs will provide practising pharmacists and practitioners with a guide of the evidence available on the various ingredients in NCLSs. Contribution This study provides a review of the available literature on the NCLSs being sold in the pharmacies across South Africa to provide pharmacists with a collated document of the evidence behind these popular supplements to assist them in making evidence based informed decision regarding natural products for cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Bok Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Razeeya Khan
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Muhammed Vally
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ané Orchard
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Salamat S, Jahan-Mihan A, Tabandeh MR, Mansoori A. Randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of synbiotic supplementation on serum endotoxin and trimethylamine N-oxide levels in patients with dyslipidaemia. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2024; 9:e18-e25. [PMID: 38434939 PMCID: PMC10905263 DOI: 10.5114/amsad/178106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Elevated serum endotoxin and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) are associated with metabolic disorders including dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a 12-week treatment with a synbiotic supplement on serum endotoxin and TMAO levels in patients diagnosed with dyslipidaemia. Material and methods A total of 56 patients who met the study inclusion criteria were recruited in this randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Participants were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups and received either synbiotic or placebo sachets twice a day for 12 weeks. The sociodemographic data, food intake, physical activity, and anthropometric indices of participants were assessed before and after intervention. Serum endotoxin, TMAO, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were measured at the baseline and end of the study. Results No significant difference in the baseline characteristics of participants in the 2 groups was observed. After the 12 weeks of intervention, the mean of serum endotoxin (p < 0.0001), TMAO (p < 0.0001), and FBG (p < 0.0001) was decreased in patients who received synbiotic supplements while no significant change was observed in the control group. Moreover, a significant positive correlation between changes in endotoxin (r = 0.41, p = 0.041) and TMAO (r = 0.40, p = 0.047) with FBG changes was observed. Conclusions A significant reduction in serum endotoxin and TMAO levels, as well as improvements in FBG, following 12 weeks of supplementation with synbiotics, may offer a potential approach for improving metabolic status in patients with dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekoufeh Salamat
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Research Centre, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Jahan-Mihan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Anahita Mansoori
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Research Centre, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Angal A, Shidture S, Syed J, Tiwari DP, Dubey AK, Bhaduri A, Pujari R. In vitro adhesion and anti-inflammatory properties of Limosilactobacillus fermentum FS-10 isolated from infant fecal sample. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:227-238. [PMID: 37269431 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, seven strains of Limosilactobacillus fermentum were isolated from an infant fecal sample and characterized using in vitro studies. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG was used as a comparison because it is a well-documented commercial probiotic. The isolates were tested for attributes such as acid and phenol tolerance, bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, and antibiotic sensitivity. One isolate, L. fermentum FS-10, displayed enhanced cell surface hydrophobicity (> 85%) and mucin adhesion. Mucin-binding helps colonization in the gut. The immunomodulatory property of L. fermentum FS-10 was evaluated by determining the modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-10, and nitric oxide (NO) in human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cells under inflammatory conditions induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). L. fermentum FS-10 potently downregulated the expression of TNF-α and nitric oxide and upregulated IL-10 levels, indicating an anti-inflammatory response. Safety assessment of the strain revealed the absence of genes for virulence factors, toxin production, and antibiotic resistance, potentiating application as a probiotic strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvini Angal
- Tata Chemicals Limited, Survey No 315, Hissa No 1-14, Paud Rd, Darawali, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
| | - Shubham Shidture
- Tata Chemicals Limited, Survey No 315, Hissa No 1-14, Paud Rd, Darawali, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
| | - Jaserah Syed
- Tata Chemicals Limited, Survey No 315, Hissa No 1-14, Paud Rd, Darawali, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
| | - Deepika Pandey Tiwari
- Tata Chemicals Limited, Survey No 315, Hissa No 1-14, Paud Rd, Darawali, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Dubey
- Tata Chemicals Limited, Survey No 315, Hissa No 1-14, Paud Rd, Darawali, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
| | - Anirban Bhaduri
- Tata Chemicals Limited, Survey No 315, Hissa No 1-14, Paud Rd, Darawali, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
| | - Radha Pujari
- Tata Chemicals Limited, Survey No 315, Hissa No 1-14, Paud Rd, Darawali, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India.
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Aziz M, Hemeda SA, Albadrani GM, Fadl SE, Elgendey F. Ameliorating effect of probiotic on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and lipolytic gene expression in rabbits. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6312. [PMID: 37072469 PMCID: PMC10113232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition that affects about 24% of people worldwide. Increased liver fat, inflammation, and, in the most severe cases, cell death are all characteristics of NAFLD. However, NAFLD pathogenesis and therapy are still not clear enough. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) inducing NAFLD on lipolytic gene expression, liver function, lipid profile, and antioxidant enzymes in rabbits and the modulatory effects of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) on it. A total of 45 male New Zealand white rabbits, eight weeks old, were randomly divided into three groups of three replicates (5 rabbits/replicate). Rabbits in group I were given a basal diet; rabbits in group II were given a high-cholesterol diet that caused NAFLD; and rabbits in group III were given a high-cholesterol diet as well as probiotics in water for 8 weeks. The results showed that a high-cholesterol diet caused hepatic vacuolation and upregulated the genes for lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL), and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Downregulated low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) gene, increased liver enzymes [alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)], cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glucose, and total bilirubin. On the other hand, it decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total protein, albumin, and liver antioxidants [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)]. Supplementing with probiotics helped to return all parameters to normal levels. In conclusion, probiotic supplementation, especially L. acidophilus, protected against NAFLD, and restored lipolytic gene expression, liver functions, and antioxidants to normal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Aziz
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Shabaan A Hemeda
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabreen E Fadl
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Elgendey
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
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de Mello Barros Pimentel MV, Bertolami A, Fernandes LP, Barroso LP, Castro IA. Could a lipid oxidative biomarker be applied to improve risk stratification in the prevention of cardiovascular disease? Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114345. [PMID: 36753953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is significant evidence demonstrating the influence of oxidative stress on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, oxidative biomarkers have not been applied to follow patients under primary or secondary prevention. Many factors can explain this paradox: the higher complexity of the methods applied to quantify oxidative markers, the high variability observed among the studies, the lack of reference values, and the weak correlation with clinical endpoints. This review presents the role of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in cardiovascular pathophysiology and how they can be neutralized by endogenous and exogenous antioxidants based on classical and recent studies, highlighting the importance of the secondary products of fatty acid oxidation as potential biomarkers. Furthermore, we discuss the great variability of oxidative stress biomarkers, using as an example data obtained from 55 studies. Among the molecules directly formed from lipid oxidation, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and isoprostanes (F2-IsoP), and those associated with general oxidative conditions (ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH)), MDA was the most lipid biomarker evaluated in the treatments and proved to be an independent factor compared with traditional markers used in the algorithms to stratify the patient's risk. Finally, this review suggests four steps to follow, aiming to include MDA in the algorithms applied to estimate CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Bertolami
- Dyslipidemia Medical Section, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lígia Prestes Fernandes
- LADAF, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Pereira Barroso
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Inar Alves Castro
- LADAF, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP, Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers São Paulo Research Foundation, São Paulo 05468-140, Brazil.
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8
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Rastogi S, Singh A. Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1042189. [PMID: 36353491 PMCID: PMC9638459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1042189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The highest density of microbes resides in human gastrointestinal tract, known as “Gut microbiome”. Of note, the members of the genus Lactobacillus that belong to phyla Firmicutes are the most important probiotic bacteria of the gut microbiome. These gut-residing Lactobacillus species not only communicate with each other but also with the gut epithelial lining to balance the gut barrier integrity, mucosal barrier defence and ameliorate the host immune responses. The human body suffers from several inflammatory diseases affecting the gut, lungs, heart, bone or neural tissues. Mounting evidence supports the significant role of Lactobacillus spp. and their components (such as metabolites, peptidoglycans, and/or surface proteins) in modulatingimmune responses, primarily through exchange of immunological signals between gastrointestinal tract and distant organs. This bidirectional crosstalk which is mediated by Lactobacillus spp. promotes anti-inflammatory response, thereby supporting the improvement of symptoms pertaining to asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neuroinflammatory diseases (such as multiple sclerosis, alzheimer’s disease, parkinson’s disease), cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and chronic infections in patients. The metabolic disorders, obesity and diabetes are characterized by a low-grade inflammation. Genus Lactobacillus alleviates metabolic disorders by regulating the oxidative stress response and inflammatory pathways. Osteoporosis is also associated with bone inflammation and resorption. The Lactobacillus spp. and their metabolites act as powerful immune cell controllers and exhibit a regulatory role in bone resorption and formation, supporting bone health. Thus, this review demonstrated the mechanisms and summarized the evidence of the benefit of Lactobacillus spp. in alleviating inflammatory diseases pertaining to different organs from animal and clinical trials. The present narrative review explores in detail the complex interactions between the gut-dwelling Lactobacillus spp. and the immune components in distant organs to promote host’s health.
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Chen AC, Fang TJ, Ho HH, Chen JF, Kuo YW, Huang YY, Tsai SY, Wu SF, Lin HC, Yeh YT. A multi-strain probiotic blend reshaped obesity-related gut dysbiosis and improved lipid metabolism in obese children. Front Nutr 2022; 9:922993. [PMID: 35990345 PMCID: PMC9386160 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.922993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Obese children are more prone to becoming obese adults, and excess adiposity consequently increases the risk of many complications, such as metabolic syndromes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, etc. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of multi-strain probiotics on the gut microbiota and weight control in obese children. Methods A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was carried out on overweight and obese children. Subjects received 12 weeks of treatment with supplementary probiotics that contained three strains: Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32, L. rhamnosus bv-77, and Bifidobacterium animalis CP-9, plus diet and exercise guidance. A total of 82 children were enrolled, and 53 children completed the study. Results The supplementation of multi-strain probiotics resulted in a significant effect demonstrating high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and adiponectin elevation. At the same time, body mass index (BMI) and serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were reduced. Lactobacillus spp. and B. animalis were particularly increased in subjects who received probiotic supplements. The abundance of Lactobacillus spp. was inversely correlated with the ether lipid metabolism pathway, while that of B. animalis was positively correlated with serum adiponectin levels. Conclusion Our results show that obesity-related gut dysbiosis can be reshaped by the supplementation of a multi-strain probiotic to improve lipid metabolism. The regular administration of a multi-strain probiotic supplement may be helpful for weight control and health management in overweight and obese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Chyi Chen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jung Fang
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Hsun Ho
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Fen Chen
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Kuo
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yu Huang
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yu Tsai
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Wu
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Lin
- Division of Neonatology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Asia University Hospital, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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D'ambrosio S, Ventrone M, Fusco A, Casillo A, Dabous A, Cammarota M, Corsaro MM, Donnarumma G, Schiraldi C, Cimini D. Limosilactobacillus fermentum from buffalo milk is suitable for potential biotechnological process development and inhibits Helicobacter pylori in a gastric epithelial cell model. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 34:e00732. [PMID: 35686014 PMCID: PMC9171443 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
L.fermentum from buffalo milk grows efficiently without animal-derived medium components. Highest viable biomass titers can be reached after only 8h improving productivity. L. fermentum is suitable for large scale production: complete biotech approach. L. fermentum demonstrates 60% cell survival after spray drying. L. fermentum from buffalo milk displaces H. pylori in a gastric epithelial cell model.
Probiotics are living microorganisms that give beneficial health effects while consumed, and each strain possesses diverse and unique properties and also different technological characteristics that affect its ability to be produced at large scale. Limosilactobacillus fermentum is a widely studied member of probiotics, however, few data are available on the development of fermentation and downstream processes for the production of viable biomasses for potential industrial applications. In the present study a novel L. fermentum strain was isolated from buffalo milk and used as test example for biotechnological process development. The strain was able to produce up to 109 CFU/mL on a (glucose based) semi-defined medium deprived of animal-derived raw materials up to the pilot scale (150 L), demonstrating improved results compared to commonly used, although industrially not suitable, media rich of casein and beef extract. The study of strain behavior in batch experiments indicated that the highest concentration of viable cells was reached after only 8 h of growth, greatly shortening the process. Moreover, initial concentrations of glucose in the medium above 30 g/L, if not supported by higher nitrogen concentrations, reduced the yield of biomass and increased production of heterolactic fermentation by-products. Biomass concentration via microfiltration on hollow fibers, and subsequent spray-drying allowed to recover about 5.7 × 1010CFU/gpowder of viable cells, indicating strain resistance to harsh processing conditions. Overall, these data demonstrate the possibility to obtain and maintain adequate levels of viable L. fermentum cells by using a simple approach that is potentially suitable for industrial development. Moreover, since often exopolysaccharides produced by lactobacilli contribute to the strain's functionality, a partial characterization of the EPS produced by the newly identified L. fermentum strain was carried out. Finally, the effect of L. fermentum versus H. pylori in a gastric epithelial cell model was evaluated demonstrating its ability to stimulate the response of the immune system and displace the infective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio D'ambrosio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania L.Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, Napoli, 80138 Italy
| | - Michela Ventrone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania L.Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, Napoli, 80138 Italy
| | - Alessandra Fusco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania L.Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, Napoli, 80138 Italy
| | - Angela Casillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Azza Dabous
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania L.Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, Napoli, 80138 Italy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Marcella Cammarota
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania L.Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, Napoli, 80138 Italy
| | - Maria Michela Corsaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Giovanna Donnarumma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania L.Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, Napoli, 80138 Italy
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania L.Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, Napoli, 80138 Italy
| | - Donatella Cimini
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Vivaldi, 43, Caserta, 81100 Italy
- Corresponding author.
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11
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Potentially Probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum Fruit-Derived Strains Alleviate Cardiometabolic Disorders and Gut Microbiota Impairment in Male Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:349-359. [PMID: 35066820 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption is a risk factor for dyslipidemias, insulin resistance, and arterial hypertension linked with gut dysbiosis. Probiotic administration has been suggested as a safe therapeutic strategy for gut microbiota modulation and treatment and/or prevention of cardiometabolic disorders. Here, we assessed the effects of a potentially probiotic formulation containing strains of the Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum 139, 263, and 296 on the cardiometabolic disorders and gut microbiota derangements provoked by the HFD consumption. Male Wistar rats were allocated into control diet (CTL, n = 6), HFD (n = 6), and HFD receiving L. fermentum formulation (HFD-LF, n = 6) groups for 4 weeks. L. fermentum formulation (109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml of each strain) was daily administered by oral gavage. After 4-week follow-up, biochemical measurements, blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), sympathetic tone, and gut microbiota composition were evaluated. HFD consumption for 4 weeks increased lipid profile, insulin resistance, sympathetic tone, and blood pressure and impaired gut microbiota composition in male rats. Administration of L. fermentum formulation improved the gut microbiota composition, lipid profile, insulin resistance, autonomic dysfunction, and BP in rats fed with a HFD. Administration of a potentially fruit-derived probiotic formulation of L. fermentum strains improved gut microbiota composition and alleviated hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and sympathetic hyperactivity and increased BP in rats fed a HFD. Our findings may encourage the development of randomized controlled trials to assess the effects of L. fermentum treatment in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders.
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12
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Iatcu CO, Steen A, Covasa M. Gut Microbiota and Complications of Type-2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010166. [PMID: 35011044 PMCID: PMC8747253 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been linked to the emergence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and the onset of type 2 diabetes through decreased glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to serious health consequences such as impaired kidney function, blindness, stroke, myocardial infarction and lower limb amputation. Despite a variety of treatments currently available, cases of diabetes and resulting complications are on the rise. One promising new approach to diabetes focuses on modulating the gut microbiota with probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbial transplantation. Differences in gut microbiota composition have been observed in preclinical animal models as well as patients with type 2 diabetes and complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease and peripheral artery disease compared to healthy controls. Severity of gut microbiota dysbiosis was associated with disease severity and restoration with probiotic administration in animal models and human patients has been associated with improvement of symptoms and disease progression. Characterizing the gut microbiota dysbiosis in different diseases and determining a causal relationship between the gut microbiota and disease can be beneficial in formulating therapeutic interventions for type 2 diabetes and associated complications. In this review, we present the most important findings regarding the role of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes and chronic complications as well as their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Oana Iatcu
- College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
- College of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Aimee Steen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
| | - Mihai Covasa
- College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Limosilactobacillus fermentum Strains with Claimed Probiotic Properties Exert Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties and Prevent Cardiometabolic Disorder in Female Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 15:601-613. [PMID: 34817804 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of a mixed formulation containing Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum 139, L. fermentum 263, and L. fermentum 296 on cardiometabolic parameters, inflammatory markers, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) fecal contents, and oxidative stress in colon, liver, heart, and kidney tissues of female rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Female Wistar rats were allocated into control diet (CTL, n = 6), HFD (n = 6), and HFD receiving L. fermentum formulation (HFD-LF, n = 6). L. fermentum formulation (1 × 109 CFU/mL of each strain) was administered two twice a day for 4 weeks. Administration of L. fermentum increased acetate and succinate fecal contents and reduced hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in rats fed a HFD (p < 0.05). Administration of L. fermentum decreased low-grade inflammation and improved antioxidant capacity along the gut, liver, heart, and kidney tissues in female rats fed a HFD (p < 0.05). Administration of L. fermentum prevented dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress in colon, liver, heart, and kidney in female rats fed a HFD.
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14
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de Luna Freire MO, do Nascimento LCP, de Oliveira KÁR, de Oliveira AM, Napoleão TH, Lima MDS, Lagranha CJ, de Souza EL, de Brito Alves JL. Effects of a Mixed Limosilactobacillus fermentum Formulation with Claimed Probiotic Properties on Cardiometabolic Variables, Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Male Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092202. [PMID: 34574313 PMCID: PMC8471400 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption has been linked to dyslipidemia, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of a mixed formulation with Limosilactobacillusfermentum 139, L. fermentum 263 and L. fermentum 296 on cardiometabolic parameters, fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues of male rats fed an HFD. Male Wistar rats were grouped into control diet (CTL, n = 6), HFD (n = 6) and HFD with L. fermentum formulation (HFD-Lf, n = 6) groups. The L.fermentum formulation (1 × 109 CFU/mL of each strain) was administered twice a day for 4 weeks. After a 4-week follow-up, biochemical parameters, fecal SCFA, cytokines and oxidative stress variables were evaluated. HFD consumption caused hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, low-grade inflammation, reduced fecal acetate and propionate contents and increased biomarkers of oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues when compared to the CTL group. Rats receiving the L. fermentum formulation had reduced hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, but similar SCFA contents in comparison with the HFD group (p < 0.05). Rats receiving the L. fermentum formulation had increased antioxidant capacity throughout the colon and heart tissues when compared with the control group. Administration of a mixed L. fermentum formulation prevented hyperlipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues induced by HFD consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Caroline Paulino do Nascimento
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051900, PB, Brazil; (L.C.P.d.N.); (K.Á.R.d.O.); (E.L.d.S.)
| | - Kataryne Árabe Rimá de Oliveira
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051900, PB, Brazil; (L.C.P.d.N.); (K.Á.R.d.O.); (E.L.d.S.)
| | - Alisson Macário de Oliveira
- Biological Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670901, PE, Brazil; (A.M.d.O.); (T.H.N.)
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Biological Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670901, PE, Brazil; (A.M.d.O.); (T.H.N.)
| | - Marcos dos Santos Lima
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Institute of Sertão Pernambucano, Petrolina 56302100, PE, Brazil;
| | - Cláudia Jacques Lagranha
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55608680, PE, Brazil;
| | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051900, PB, Brazil; (L.C.P.d.N.); (K.Á.R.d.O.); (E.L.d.S.)
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051900, PB, Brazil; (L.C.P.d.N.); (K.Á.R.d.O.); (E.L.d.S.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel./Fax: +55-81998495485
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15
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Lv T, Huang X, Zhang C, Chen D, Gu R, Wa Y, Peng K, Zong L, Chen X. Enhancement of the Antibacterial Properties of Kefir by Adding Lactobacillus fermentum grx08. J Food Prot 2021; 84:1463-1471. [PMID: 33902109 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Kefir is an acidic-alcoholic fermented milk that can provide probiotic benefits, such as intestinal microecological balance regulation, antibacterial activity, and anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, Lactobacillus fermentum grx08 isolated from longevous people was used to further improve the health properties of kefir. L. fermentum grx08 and kefir grains obtained from Xinjiang, People's Republic of China, were mixed at ratios of 1:1, 5:1, and 25:1 as starters. The six gram-positive and gram-negative foodborne pathogens were able to grow in the supernatant of kefir but not in the supernatant of kefir with L. fermentum grx08. With increasing amounts of inoculated L. fermentum grx08, the antibacterial activity of the mixed fermented kefir gradually increased. The contents of lactic acid, fumaric acid, and malic acid in the mixed fermented milk were significantly increased by adding L. fermentum grx08 (P < 0.05), while the content of acetic acid decreased with the increase of L. fermentum grx08 and the content of citric acid was unaffected. This study suggests that the addition of L. fermentum grx08 shortened the fermentation time, improved the acidity, and retained the quality of fermented milk. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of kefir is enhanced by increasing the production of certain acids. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueting Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Gu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunchao Wa
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuiyao Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
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16
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Palaniyandi SA, Damodharan K, Suh JW, Yang SH. Probiotic Characterization of Cholesterol-Lowering Lactobacillus fermentum MJM60397. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:1161-1172. [PMID: 31432401 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus fermentum MJM60397 was subjected to in vitro safety tests and in vivo probiotic characterization. The MJM60397 strain was susceptible to antibiotics and was found to be non-mucinolytic and non-hemolytic, and does not produce bioamines. In addition, MJM60397 tolerated simulated oro-gastrointestinal conditions and adhered to Caco-2 cells. MJM60397 also exhibited bile salt hydrolase activity and could deconjugate bile acids. The hypocholesterolemic effects of strain MJM60397 were studied in high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemic male ICR mice. The mice were fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and were divided into the following three experimental groups: HCD-control (HCD-Con), mice fed with HCD + L. fermentum MJM60397 (HCD-MJM60397), and mice fed with HCD + L. acidophilus ATCC 43121 (HCD-L.ac) as the positive control. Simultaneously, a normal control diet (NCD) group was maintained. After 7 weeks, the total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in the livers of the HCD-MJM60397 mice when compared to those in the HCD-Con and HCD-L.ac mice. Fecal total bile acid content was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the HCD-MJM60397 group than in the NCD, HCD-Con, and HCD-L.ac groups. Analysis of gene expression revealed higher expression of LDLR gene in the livers of the HCD-MJM60397 and HCD-L.ac mice than in the livers of the HCD-Con mice. These findings show that the hypocholesterolemic effects of the MJM60397 strain were attributable to its bile salt deconjugating activity, which resulted in decreased bile acid absorption and increased excretion of bile acids in the feces. These results indicate that L. fermentum MJM60397 could be developed into a potential probiotic for reducing the serum cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasikumar Arunachalam Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Mepco Nagar, Mepco Engineering College Post, Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, 626005, India
| | - Karthiyaini Damodharan
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, 17058, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, 59626, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Yang D, Lyu W, Hu Z, Gao J, Zheng Z, Wang W, Firrman J, Ren D. Probiotic Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on Hypercholesteremic Golden Hamsters. Front Nutr 2021; 8:705763. [PMID: 34262929 PMCID: PMC8273167 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.705763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesteremia or high cholesterol is one of the important factors leading to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. The application of probiotics with cholesterol-lowering characteristics has become increasingly popular over the past decade due to their contribution to human health. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. A hyperlipidemic model was established through a high cholesterol diet in golden hamsters, after which lyophilized Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 were orally administered individually for 8 weeks. The physiological characteristics of golden hamsters and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the colon were assessed by automatic Biochemical Analyzer and gas choromatograph, respectively. A MiSeq sequencing-based analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 region) in the cecum content was performed to analyze the cecum microbiota. Correlations between sets of these variables were also investigated using the R package “corrplot.” Results showed that neither Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 nor Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 inhibited body weight increase. However, supplementation with Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 for 8 weeks increased colon SCFA levels (P < 0.05), decreased serum low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels, and also induced changes in the cecum microbiota of hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. Remarkably, oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 increased the relative abundance of Parabacteroides in the cecum, which served as a biomarker for colon SCFA production and improvement of serum cholesterol levels. In a word, Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 improved hyperlipidemia in golden hamsters, which correlated with an increase in SCFA levels and relative abundance of Parabacteroides, indicating its potential importance in functional foods that can help lower cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongting Yang
- College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Hu
- College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiting Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyao Zheng
- College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Zhejiang Yiming Food Co. Ltd., Wenzhou, China
| | - Jenni Firrman
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Daxi Ren
- College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Zhao X, Zhong X, Liu X, Wang X, Gao X. Therapeutic and Improving Function of Lactobacilli in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular-Related Diseases: A Novel Perspective From Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2021; 8:693412. [PMID: 34164427 PMCID: PMC8215129 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.693412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of cardiovascular-related diseases are associated with structural and functional changes in gut microbiota (GM). The accumulation of beneficial gut commensals contributes to the improvement of cardiovascular-related diseases. The cardiovascular-related diseases that can be relieved by Lactobacillus supplementation, including hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity, have expanded. As probiotics, lactobacilli occupy a substantial part of the GM and play important functional roles through various GM-derived metabolites. Lactobacilli ultimately have a beneficial impact on lipid metabolism, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress to relieve the symptoms of cardiovascular-related diseases. However, the axis and cellular process of gut commensal Lactobacillus in improving cardiovascular-related diseases have not been fully elucidated. Additionally, Lactobacillus strains produce diverse antimicrobial peptides, which help maintain intestinal homeostasis and ameliorate cardiovascular-related diseases. These strains are a field that needs to be further investigated immediately. Thus, this review demonstrated the mechanisms and summarized the evidence of the benefit of Lactobacillus strain supplementation from animal studies and human clinical trials. We also highlighted a broad range of lactobacilli candidates with therapeutic capability by mining their metabolites. Our study provides instruction in the development of lactobacilli as a functional food to improve cardiovascular-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinqin Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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19
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Hric I, Ugrayová S, Penesová A, Rádiková Ž, Kubáňová L, Šardzíková S, Baranovičová E, Klučár Ľ, Beke G, Grendar M, Kolisek M, Šoltys K, Bielik V. The Efficacy of Short-Term Weight Loss Programs and Consumption of Natural Probiotic Bryndza Cheese on Gut Microbiota Composition in Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061753. [PMID: 34064069 PMCID: PMC8224276 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Weight loss interventions with probiotics have favourable effects on gut microbiota composition and derived metabolites. However, little is known about whether the consumption of natural probiotics, such as Bryndza cheeses, brings similar benefits. The purpose of the study was to find the effect of short-term weight loss programs and Bryndza cheese consumption on the structure of the gut microbiota, microbiota-derived metabolites and body composition in middle-aged women. We conducted a randomised controlled intervention study. Twenty-two female participants with a body fat percentage ≥25% underwent a short weight loss program (4 weeks). Subjects were randomised to either the control or intervention group according to diet. The intervention group comprised 13 participants, whose diet contained 30 g of “Bryndza” cheese daily (WLPB). The control group comprised nine participants without the regular consumption of Bryndza cheese (WLP) in their diet. Both interventions lead to a significant and favourable change of BMI, body fat, waist circumference and muscle mass. Moreover, the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichales significantly increased in both groups. However, the relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillales, Streptococcaceae, Lactococcus and Streptococcus) significantly increased only in the WLPB group. Furthermore, short-chain fatty acid producers Phascolarctobacterium and Butyricimonas increased significantly in the WLPB group. A short-term weight loss program combined with Bryndza cheese consumption improves body composition and increases the abundance of lactic acid bacteria and short-chain fatty acid producers in middle-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hric
- Department of Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia; (I.H.); (S.U.); (L.K.)
| | - Simona Ugrayová
- Department of Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia; (I.H.); (S.U.); (L.K.)
| | - Adela Penesová
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (Ž.R.)
| | - Žofia Rádiková
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (Ž.R.)
| | - Libuša Kubáňová
- Department of Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia; (I.H.); (S.U.); (L.K.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (Ž.R.)
| | - Sára Šardzíková
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (S.Š.); (K.Š.)
| | - Eva Baranovičová
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.B.); (M.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Ľuboš Klučár
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Ľ.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Gábor Beke
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Ľ.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Marian Grendar
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.B.); (M.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Martin Kolisek
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.B.); (M.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Katarína Šoltys
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (S.Š.); (K.Š.)
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University in Bratislava, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viktor Bielik
- Department of Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia; (I.H.); (S.U.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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de Oliveira Y, Cavalcante RGS, Cavalcanti Neto MP, Magnani M, Braga VDA, de Souza EL, de Brito Alves JL. Oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum post-weaning improves the lipid profile and autonomic dysfunction in rat offspring exposed to maternal dyslipidemia. Food Funct 2021; 11:5581-5594. [PMID: 32524104 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00514b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal dyslipidemia alters the gut microbiota composition and contributes to the development of arterial hypertension (AH) in offspring. Here, we evaluated the effects of a new Lactobacillus fermentum probiotic formulation given post-weaning on cardiometabolic parameters and gut microbiota in male and female rat offspring from dams exposed to maternal dyslipidemia during pregnancy and lactation. METHODS Wistar rats (n = 14) were fed with a control diet (CTL = 7) or a dyslipidemic diet (DLP = 7) during pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, male and female offspring received a standard diet up to 90 days of life. Rats were allocated into three groups: CTL group + saline solution (n = 14); DLP group + saline solution (n = 14) and DLP group receiving a probiotic cocktail (n = 14). A vehicle or probiotic formulation containing L. fermentum 139, L. fermentum 263 and L. fermentum 296 (ratio 1 : 1 : 1, 1 × 109 CFU mL-1) was administered daily by oral gavage for 8 weeks. RESULTS The intervention with the probiotic formulation of L. fermentum in male and female offspring reduced total cholesterol (TC) and increased HDL-c, but did not affect the insulin resistance induced by maternal dyslipidemia. Additionally, the male and female rats that received the probiotic formulation of L. fermentum demonstrated improvement in fecal Lactobacillus sp. counts, blood pressure and sympathetic tone, without affecting baroreflex modulation. CONCLUSION The probiotic formulation containing L. fermentum improved the lipid profile and autonomic dysfunction in male and female offspring exposed to maternal dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohanna de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Marciane Magnani
- Department of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Valdir de Andrade Braga
- Department of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
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A Combination of Lactoplantibacillus plantarum Strains CECT7527, CECT7528, and CECT7529 Plus Monacolin K Reduces Blood Cholesterol: Results from a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041206. [PMID: 33917503 PMCID: PMC8067491 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary supplements have been proposed to help manage blood cholesterol, including red yeast rice (RYR) extracts, plant sterols and stanols, beta-glucans, and some probiotics. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of RYR (containing 10 mg of monacolin K) combined with 109 CFU of three Lactoplantibacillus plantarum strains (CECT7527, CECT7528, and CECT7529). Methods: A 12-week randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. In total, 39 adult patients were enrolled, having total cholesterol (TC) ≥200 mg/dL, and being statin-naïve or having recently stopped statin treatment because of intolerance. Active product or placebo were taken once daily, and subjects were evaluated at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks. Results: Study groups were comparable at baseline, except for history of recent hypercholesterolemia treatment (81% in active vs. 22% in placebo). Changes in LDL cholesterol and TC became significant compared to placebo (mean difference between groups and standard error of the mean = 23.6 ± 1.5 mg/dL, p = 0.023 and 31.4 ± 1.9 mg/dL, p = 0.011, respectively) upon adjusting for the baseline imbalance in hypercholesterolemia treatment. No adverse effects were noted during the study. Conclusion: This combination of 10 mg of monacolin K and L. plantarum strains was well tolerated and achieved a statistically significant greater reduction in LDL-C and TC in the intervention group compared to the placebo, once adjusting for recent history of hypercholesterolemia treatment.
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22
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Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Insights. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031016. [PMID: 33801082 PMCID: PMC8003974 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics microorganisms exert their health-associated activities through some of the following general actions: competitive exclusion, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, production of bacteriocins, improvement of altered microbiota, and modulation of the immune response. Among them, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 has become one of the most promising probiotics and it has been described to possess potential beneficial effects on inflammatory processes and immunological alterations. Different studies, preclinical and clinical trials, have evidenced its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and elucidated the precise mechanisms of action involved in its beneficial effects. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the effect on host health, mechanisms, and future therapeutic approaches.
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23
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Pourrajab B, Naderi N, Janani L, Mofid V, Hajahmadi M, Dehnad A, Shidfar F. Comparison of probiotic yogurt and ordinary yogurt consumption on serum Pentraxin3, NT-proBNP, oxLDL, and ApoB100 in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized, triple-blind, controlled trial. Food Funct 2020; 11:10000-10010. [PMID: 33119010 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01014f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nowadays, the potential beneficial effects of probiotic yogurt as a functional food has raised much interest. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the probiotic yogurt and ordinary yogurt consumption on some indices in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). METHODS AND RESULTS In this randomized, triple-blind clinical trial, 90 patients with CHF were randomly allocated into two groups to take either probiotic yogurt or ordinary yogurt for 10 weeks. The serum levels of pentraxin3 (PTX3), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100) were measured at the baseline and at the end of week 10. P-Value <0.05 was defined as statistically significant. Final analyses were performed on 78 patients. The levels of PTX3 and oxLDL in both the groups decreased significantly after 10 weeks, and these reductions were greater in the probiotic group, where the difference between the groups was statistically significant for oxLDL (P-value: 0.051, adjusted P-value: 0.010) but not significant for PTX3 (P-value: 0.956, adjusted P-value: 0.236). The changes in the serum NT-proBNP levels were not statistically significant between the groups (P-value: 0.948, adjusted P-value: 0.306). ApoB100 significantly decreased in the control group compared to the probiotic group and the difference between the groups was significant at first but was not significant after adjusting for the confounders (P-value: 0.004, adjusted P-value: 0.280). CONCLUSION The serum oxLDL significantly reduced due to probiotic yogurt consumption after 10 weeks compared to ordinary yogurt; thus, it may be useful for improving the oxidative status of CHF patients. The clinical trial registry number is IRCT20091114002709N48 (https://www.irct.ir/IRCT20091114002709N48, registered 12 March 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Pourrajab
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Naghmouchi K, Belguesmia Y, Bendali F, Spano G, Seal BS, Drider D. Lactobacillus fermentum: a bacterial species with potential for food preservation and biomedical applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:3387-3399. [PMID: 31729242 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1688250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid-producing bacteria are the most commonly used probiotics that play an important role in protecting the host against harmful microorganisms, strengthening the host immune system, improving feed digestibility, and reducing metabolic disorders. Lactobacillus fermentum (Lb. fermentum) is a Gram-positive bacterium belonging to Lactobacillus genus, and many reportedly to enhance the immunologic response as well as prevent community-acquired gastrointestinal and upper respiratory infections. Additionally, Lb. fermentum strains produce diverse and potent antimicrobial peptides, which can be applied as food preservative agents or as alternatives to antibiotics. Further functions attributed to probiotic Lb. fermentum strains are their abilities to decrease the level of blood stream cholesterol (as cholesterol-lowering agents) and to potentially help prevent alcoholic liver disease and colorectal cancer among humans. Finally, Lb. fermentum is a key microorganism in sourdough technology, contributing to flavor, texture, or health-promoting dough ingredients, and has recently been used to develop new foods stuffs such as fortified and functional foods with beneficial attributes for human health. Development of such new foodstuffs are currently taking important proportions of the food industry market. Furthermore, an increasing awareness of the consumers prompts the food-makers to implement alternative environmental friendly solutions in the production processes and/or suitable biological alternative to limit the use of antibiotics in feed and food. Here, we give an account on the application of Lb. fermentum strains in the biomedical and food preservation fields, with a focus on probiotic features such as bacteriocin production. We also summarize the use of Lb. fermentum as cell factories with the aim to improve the efficacy and health value of functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Naghmouchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University, Saudi Arabia.,Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, LR01ES05 Biochimie et Biotechnologie, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Yanath Belguesmia
- Université Lille, INRA, ISA, Université d'Artois, Université Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394-ICV Institut Charles Viollette, Lille, France
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Giuseppe Spano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Università di Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Bruce S Seal
- Biology Program, Oregon State University Cascades, Bend, Oregon, USA
| | - Djamel Drider
- Université Lille, INRA, ISA, Université d'Artois, Université Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394-ICV Institut Charles Viollette, Lille, France
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25
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Abstract
Alterations in the intestinal microbiota can modulate mechanisms involving risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, including dyslipidemias The objective was to review the effects of probiotic supplementation on the prevention and treatment of changes to the lipid profile. The searches were run on the PubMed database, using the descriptors “probiotics and lipid profile” and “probiotics and dyslipidemia,” with publication dates restricted to 2013 to 2018. Supplementation with probiotics significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL-c, and triglycerides and increased HDL-c. Some benefits were observed on anthropometric variables, glycemic control, oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune system. The present study suggests that probiotic supplementation should be indicated as adjunctive treatment for dyslipidemias. Further studies should be developed to clarify long-term effects, as well as the influence of probiotics in combination with drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alane Nogueira Bezerra
- Faculdade Metropolitana da Grande Fortaleza - FAMETRO, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Ceará - UF, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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26
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Updates in understanding the hypocholesterolemia effect of probiotics on atherosclerosis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5993-6006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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27
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28
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Ruscica M, Pavanello C, Gandini S, Macchi C, Botta M, Dall'Orto D, Del Puppo M, Bertolotti M, Bosisio R, Mombelli G, Sirtori CR, Calabresi L, Magni P. Nutraceutical approach for the management of cardiovascular risk - a combination containing the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and red yeast rice extract: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutr J 2019; 18:13. [PMID: 30795775 PMCID: PMC6387491 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-019-0438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics incorporated into dairy products have been shown to reduce total (TC) and LDL cholesterolemia (LDL-C) in subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia. More specifically, probiotics with high biliary salt hydrolase activity, e.g. Bifidobacterium longum BB536, may decrease TC and LDL-C by lowering intestinal cholesterol reabsorption and, combined with other nutraceuticals, may be useful to manage hypercholesterolemia in subjects with low cardiovascular (CV) risk. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a nutraceutical combination containing Bifidobacterium longum BB536, red yeast rice (RYR) extract (10 mg/day monacolin K), niacin, coenzyme Q10 (Lactoflorene Colesterolo®). The end-points were changes of lipid CV risk markers (LDL-C, TC, non-HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), HDL-C, apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)), and of markers of cholesterol synthesis/absorption. METHODS A 12-week randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Thirty-three subjects (18-70 years) in primary CV prevention and low CV risk (SCORE: 0-1% in 24 and 2-4% in 9 subjects; LDL-C: 130-200 mg/dL) were randomly allocated to either nutraceutical (N = 16) or placebo (N = 17). RESULTS Twelve-week treatment with the nutraceutical combination, compared to placebo, significantly reduced TC (- 16.7%), LDL-C (- 25.7%), non-HDL-C (- 24%) (all p < 0.0001), apoB (- 17%, p = 0.003). TG, HDL-C, apoAI, Lp(a), PCSK9 were unchanged. Lathosterol:TC ratio was significantly reduced by the nutraceutical combination, while campesterol:TC ratio and sitosterol:TC ratio did not change, suggesting reduction of synthesis without increased absorption of cholesterol. No adverse effects and a 97% compliance were observed. CONCLUSIONS A 12-week treatment with a nutraceutical combination containing the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and RYR extract significantly improved the atherogenic lipid profile and was well tolerated by low CV risk subjects. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02689934 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Ruscica
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pavanello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Macchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Dall'Orto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Del Puppo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marco Bertolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bosisio
- Centro Dislipidemie, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Mombelli
- Centro Dislipidemie, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare R Sirtori
- Centro Dislipidemie, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy. .,IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, Milan, Italy.
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29
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The effect of Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 on the intestinal microbiota and urine polyamines content: A double-blind placebo-controlled pilot trial. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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30
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Nazir Y, Hussain SA, Abdul Hamid A, Song Y. Probiotics and Their Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Role for Cancer, High Serum Cholesterol, and Allergic and HIV Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3428437. [PMID: 30246019 PMCID: PMC6136537 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3428437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The potential health benefits of probiotics have long been elucidated since Metchnikoff and his coworkers postulated the association of probiotic consumption on human's health and longevity. Since then, many scientific findings and research have further established the correlation of probiotic and gut-associated diseases such as irritable bowel disease and chronic and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. However, the beneficial impact of probiotic is not limited to the gut-associated diseases alone, but also in different acute and chronic infectious diseases. This is due to the fact that probiotics are able to modify the intestinal microbial ecosystem, enhance the gut barrier function, provide competitive adherence to the mucosa and epithelium, produce antimicrobial substances, and modulate the immune activity by enhancing the innate and adaptive immune response. Nevertheless, the current literature with respect to the association of probiotic and cancer, high serum cholesterol, and allergic and HIV diseases are still scarce and controversial. Therefore, in the present work, we reviewed the potential preventive and therapeutic role of probiotics for cancer, high serum cholesterol, and allergic and HIV diseases as well as providing its possible mechanism of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Nazir
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Syed Ammar Hussain
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Aidil Abdul Hamid
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Yuanda Song
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
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31
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Evaluation of some in vitro probiotic properties of Lactobacillus fermentum Strains. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:2801-2807. [PMID: 30042597 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to check the in vitro probiotic properties of eleven Lactobacillus fermentum strains previously isolated from fermented dairy products and infant faeces. These cultures were tested for their tolerance to different pH such as 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 6.5, bile salt hydrolysis and cell surface hydrophobicity. All the strains were persistent at pH 3.5 for 3 h whereas only faecal origin isolates such as L. fermentum BIF-19, BIF-20, BIF-18 and MTCC 8711 had shown considerable growth at pH 2.5. The strains NCDC-400, MTCC 8711, BIF-18, BIF-19 and BIF-20 showed slight to intense precipitation zone of bile salt hydrolase activity by agar plate assay. The strain L. fermentum BIF-19 exhibited best preliminary probiotic properties was selected for the adhesion to Caco-2 cell lines, which shows similar adhesion to that observed for standard probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG.
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