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Zhang J, Liu F, Guo W, Bi X, Yuan S, Shayiti F, Pan T, Li K, Chen P. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals aberrantly activated inter-tumor cell signaling pathways in the development of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:37. [PMID: 38191424 PMCID: PMC10775677 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant intracellular or intercellular signaling pathways are important mechanisms that contribute to the development and progression of cancer. However, the intercellular communication associated with the development of ccRCC is currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the aberrant tumor cell-to-cell communication signals during the development of ccRCC. METHODS We conducted an analysis on the scRNA-seq data of 6 ccRCC and 6 normal kidney tissues. This analysis included sub clustering, CNV analysis, single-cell trajectory analysis, cell-cell communication analysis, and transcription factor analysis. Moreover, we performed validation tests on clinical samples using multiplex immunofluorescence. RESULTS This study identified eleven aberrantly activated intercellular signaling pathways in tumor clusters from ccRCC samples. Among these, two of the majors signaling molecules, MIF and SPP1, were mainly secreted by a subpopulation of cancer stem cells. This subpopulation demonstrated high expression levels of the cancer stem cell markers POU5F1 and CD44 (POU5F1hiCD44hiE.T), with the transcription factor POU5F1 regulating the expression of SPP1. Further research demonstrated that SPP1 binds to integrin receptors on the surface of target cells and promotes ccRCC development and progression by activating potential signaling mechanisms such as ILK and JAK/STAT. CONCLUSION Aberrantly activated tumor intercellular signaling pathways promote the development and progression of ccRCC. The cancer stem cell subpopulation (POU5F1hiCD44hiE.T) promotes malignant transformation and the development of a malignant phenotype by releasing aberrant signaling molecules and interacting with other tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, No. 158 Wuyang Avenue, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Fuzhong Liu
- Cancer Institute, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenjia Guo
- Cancer Institute, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Xing Bi
- Department of Urology, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Urology, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Fuerhaiti Shayiti
- Department of Urology, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Department of Urology, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Kailing Li
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, No. 158 Wuyang Avenue, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Urology, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China.
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2
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Liu W, Xu Y, Bai S, Liao L. Bioinformatics analysis of key biomarkers for bladder cancer. Biomed Rep 2022; 18:14. [PMID: 36643693 PMCID: PMC9813473 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent genitourinary cancers. Despite the growing research interest in BC, the molecular mechanisms underlying its carcinogenesis remain poorly understood. The microarray datasets GSE38264 and GSE61615 obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, which were then verified using a dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). By taking the intersection of the two microarray datasets, the common DEGs were identified and these were selected as candidate genes associated with BC. The DEGs were further subjected to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, and the protein-protein interaction network was constructed. Further module analysis was performed using STRING and Cytoscape. A total of 362 DEGs were identified, including 13 hub genes, and the GO analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix organization, positive regulation of cell proliferation, angiogenesis and peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation. The expression changes of PTPRC, PDGFRA, CASQ2, TGFBI, KLRD1 and MT1X in the different datasets indicated that these genes were involved in the development of BC. Next, the differential expression of these genes was verified in the TCGA dataset, and ultimately, these 13 genes were determined to be related to the occurrence and development of BC. Finally, the cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of patients with BC were collected and subjected to reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, the results of which were consistent with the bioinformatics prediction. The present findings provide several vital genes for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Xu
- Disease Surveillance Department, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Western Theater Command, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, P.R. China
| | - Shengbin Bai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Shengbin Bai or Professor Libin Liao, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, High Tech Zone, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China NULL
| | - Libin Liao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Shengbin Bai or Professor Libin Liao, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, High Tech Zone, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China NULL
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3
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Chen C, Shi Q, Xu J, Ren T, Huang Y, Guo W. Current progress and open challenges for applying tyrosine kinase inhibitors in osteosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:488. [PMID: 36509754 PMCID: PMC9744866 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a mesenchymal-origin tumor that constitutes the most common primary malignant bone tumor. The survival rate of the patients has significantly improved since the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and extensive resection, but it has stagnated in recent 40 years. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have played a key part in the treatment of malignant tumors. In advanced OS, TKIs including anlotinib, apatinib, sorafenib, etc. have significantly improved the progression-free survival of patients, while the overall survival remains unchanged. The main reason is the rapid and inevitable progress of acquired drug resistance of OS. However, as the application of TKIs in OS and other tumors is still in the exploratory phase, its drug resistance mechanism and corresponding solutions are rarely reported. Hence, in this review, we summarize knowledge of the applications of TKIs, the mechanism of TKIs resistance, and the attempts to overcome TKIs resistance in OS, which are the three potentially novel insights of TKIs in OS. Because most evidence is derived from studies using animal and cell models, we also reviewed clinical trials and related bioinformatics data available in public databases, which partially improved our understanding of TKIs applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Chen
- grid.414360.40000 0004 0605 7104Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyu Shi
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiuhui Xu
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Ren
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Huang
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Zha Z, Liu Y, Miao Y, Liao S, Wang SY, Tang H, Yin H. Preparation and characterization of 2-deacetyl-3-O-sulfo-heparosan and its antitumor effects via the fibroblast growth factor receptor pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:47-58. [PMID: 34998873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Heparosan, with a linear chain of disaccharide repeating units of → 4) β-D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) (1 → 4)-α-D-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) (1→, is a potential starting chemical for heparin synthesis. However, the chemoenzymatic synthesis of single-site sulfated heparosan and its antitumor activity have not been studied. In this study, 2-deacetyl-3-O-sulfo-heparosan (DSH) was prepared successively by the N-deacetylation chemical reaction and enzymatic modification of human 3-O-sulfotransferase-1 (3-OST-1). Structural characterization of DSH was shown the success of the sulfation with the sulfation degree of 0.87. High performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) analysis revealed that DSH had only one symmetrical sharp peak with a molecular weight of 9.6334 × 104 Da. Biological function studies showed that DSH could inhibit tumor cell (A549, HepG2 and HCT116) viability and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells. Further in vitro mechanistic studies showed that DSH may induce apoptosis via the JNK signaling pathway, and the upstream signal of this process may be fibroblast growth factor receptors. These results indicated that DSH could be developed as one of a potential chemical for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Zha
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghua Miao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiying Liao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Yan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian 223003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongping Yin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Wang N, Zhang H, Li D, Jiang C, Zhao H, Teng Y. Identification of novel biomarkers in breast cancer via integrated bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12431-12446. [PMID: 34895070 PMCID: PMC8810011 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2005747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), an extremely aggressive malignant tumor, causes a large number of deaths worldwide. In this study, we pooled profile datasets from three cohorts to illuminate the underlying key genes and pathways of BC. Expression profiles GSE42568, GSE45827, and GSE124646, including 244 BC tissues and 28 normal breast tissues, were integrated and analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out based on these three datasets. Functional analysis including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway were performed using The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Moreover, Cytoscape with Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin were utilized to visualize protein protein interaction (PPI) of these DEGs. The module with the highest connectivity of gene interactions was selected for further analysis. All of these hub genes had a significantly worse prognosis in BC by survival analysis. Additionally, four genes (CDK1, CDC20, AURKA, and MCM4) dramatically were enriched in oocyte meiosis and cell cycle pathways through re-analysis of DAVID. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of CDK1, CDC20, AURKA, and MCM4 were significantly increased in BC patients. In addition, knockdown of CDK1 and CDC20 by small interfering RNA remarkably suppressed cell migration and invasion in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, our results suggested that CDK1, CDC20, AURKA, and MCM4 were reliable biomarkers of BC via bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation and may act as prospective targets for BC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Haichen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Chunteng Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Haidong Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Yun Teng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P.R. China
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6
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Hou J, Li X, Xie KP. Coupled liquid biopsy and bioinformatics for pancreatic cancer early detection and precision prognostication. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:34. [PMID: 33593396 PMCID: PMC7888169 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and diagnosis are the key to successful clinical management of pancreatic cancer and improve the patient outcome. However, due to the absence of early symptoms and the aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer, its 5-year survival rate remains below 5 %. Compared to tissue samples, liquid biopsies are of particular interest in clinical settings with respect to minimal invasiveness, repeated sampling, complete representation of the entire or multi-site tumor bulks. The potential of liquid biopsies in pancreatic cancer has been demonstrated by many studies which prove that liquid biopsies are able to detect early emergency of pancreatic cancer cells, residual disease, and recurrence. More interestingly, they show potential to delineate the heterogeneity, spatial and temporal, of pancreatic cancer. However, the performance of liquid biopsies for the diagnosis varies largely across different studies depending of the technique employed and also the type and stage of the tumor. One approach to improve the detect performance of liquid biopsies is to intensively inspect circulome and to define integrated biomarkers which simultaneously profile circulating tumor cells and DNA, extracellular vesicles, and circulating DNA, or cell free DNA and proteins. Moreover, the diagnostic validity and accuracy of liquid biopsies still need to be comprehensively demonstrated and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hou
- The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - XueTao Li
- The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Ping Xie
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston , Texas, USA.
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7
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Lei Y, Junxin C, Yongcan H, Xiaoguang L, Binsheng Y. Role of microRNAs in the crosstalk between osteosarcoma cells and the tumour microenvironment. J Bone Oncol 2020; 25:100322. [PMID: 33083216 PMCID: PMC7554654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumour, with a peak incidence in adolescents, and the five-year survival rate of patients with metastasis or recurrence is much lower than that of patients without metastasis and recurrence. OS is initiated and develops in a complex tumour microenvironment (TME) that contains many different components, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), extracellular vesicles, and cytokines. The extensive interaction between OS and the TME underlies OS progression. Therefore, rather than targeting OS cells, targeting the key factors in the TME may yield novel therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play multiple roles in the biological behaviours of OS, and recent studies have implied that miRNAs are involved in mediating the communication between OS cells and the surrounding TME. Here, we review the TME landscape and the miRNA dysregulation of OS, describe the role of the altered TME in OS development and highlight the role of miRNA in the crosstalk between OS cells and the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Chen Junxin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Huang Yongcan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Liu Xiaoguang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Binsheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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8
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Ravikumar M, Smith RAA, Nurcombe V, Cool SM. Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans: Key Mediators of Stem Cell Function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581213. [PMID: 33330458 PMCID: PMC7710810 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are an evolutionarily ancient subclass of glycoproteins with exquisite structural complexity. They are ubiquitously expressed across tissues and have been found to exert a multitude of effects on cell behavior and the surrounding microenvironment. Evidence has shown that heterogeneity in HSPG composition is crucial to its functions as an essential scaffolding component in the extracellular matrix as well as a vital cell surface signaling co-receptor. Here, we provide an overview of the significance of HSPGs as essential regulators of stem cell function. We discuss the various roles of HSPGs in distinct stem cell types during key physiological events, from development through to tissue homeostasis and regeneration. The contribution of aberrant HSPG production to altered stem cell properties and dysregulated cellular homeostasis characteristic of cancer is also reviewed. Finally, we consider approaches to better understand and exploit the multifaceted functions of HSPGs in influencing stem cell characteristics for cell therapy and associated culture expansion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maanasa Ravikumar
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raymond Alexander Alfred Smith
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor Nurcombe
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University-Imperial College London, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simon M Cool
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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9
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Cupido-Sánchez MG, Herrera-González NE, Mendoza CCB, Hernández MLM, Ramón-Gallegos E. In silico analysis of the association of hsa-miR-16 expression and cell survival in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells subjected to photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102106. [PMID: 33217568 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignancy effecting women, and the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is particularly aggressive. This study aimed to evaluate the differential expression pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) between untreated MDA-MB-231 cells (TNBC cell model) and those that survived photodynamic therapy (PDT) to gain insights into cell survival mechanisms. METHODS Two PDT cycles were applied to MDA-MB-231 cells, using δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) followed by laser light at 635 nm. RNA was obtained from cells surviving PDT and untreated cells. The miRNAs expression profile was analyzed to detect the differences between the two groups. The potential target network of hsa-miR-16 was examined in silico with the integrative database Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis software. RESULTS After the first and second PDT cycles, 17.8% and 49.6% of the MDA-MB-231 cells were viable. Microarray profiling of miRNAs showed decreased hsa-miR-16 expression (p < 0.05) in MDA-MB-231 cells surviving PDT when compared to the control cells. The predicted downstream targets of hsa-miR-16 were: 1) tumor suppressor protein 53; 2) molecules related to the cell cycle, such as cyclin D1, D3, and E1, and checkpoint kinase 1; 3) cell proliferation molecules, including fibroblast growth factor 1, 2 and 7 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; and 4) apoptosis-related molecules, consisting of BCL-2, B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2, caspase 3, and cytochrome c. CONCLUSIONS The differential expression of hsa-miR-16 between untreated MDA-MB-231 cells and those surviving PDT has not been previously reported. There was a lower expression of hsa-miR-16 in treated cells, which probably altered its downstream target network. In silico analysis predicted, a network related to the cell cycle, proliferation and apoptosis. These results are congruent with previous descriptions of hsa-miR-16 as a tumor suppressor and suggest that the treated population has increased their capacity to survive.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Guadalupe Cupido-Sánchez
- Molecular Oncology Lab, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomás, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Norma Estela Herrera-González
- Molecular Oncology Lab, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomás, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Columba Citlalli Barrera Mendoza
- Environmental Cytopathology Lab, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Wilfrido Massieu, Esq. Cda. Manuel Stampa Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07736, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - María Luisa Morales Hernández
- Environmental Cytopathology Lab, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Wilfrido Massieu, Esq. Cda. Manuel Stampa Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07736, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Eva Ramón-Gallegos
- Environmental Cytopathology Lab, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Wilfrido Massieu, Esq. Cda. Manuel Stampa Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07736, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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10
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Receptor tyrosine kinases and heparan sulfate proteoglycans: Interplay providing anticancer targeting strategies and new therapeutic opportunities. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Ling L, Ren X, Cao X, Hassan ABM, Mah S, Sathiyanathan P, Smith RAA, Tan CLL, Eio M, Samsonraj RM, van Wijnen AJ, Raghunath M, Nurcombe V, Hui JH, Cool SM. Enhancing the Efficacy of Stem Cell Therapy with Glycosaminoglycans. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:105-121. [PMID: 31902704 PMCID: PMC6962655 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) therapy offers significant potential for osteochondral regeneration. Such applications require their ex vivo expansion in media frequently supplemented with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Particular heparan sulfate (HS) fractions stabilize FGF2-FGF receptor complexes. We show that an FGF2-binding HS variant (HS8) accelerates the expansion of freshly isolated bone marrow hMSCs without compromising their naivety. Importantly, the repair of osteochondral defects in both rats and pigs is improved after treatment with HS8-supplemented hMSCs (MSCHS8), when assessed histologically, biomechanically, or by MRI. Thus, supplementing hMSC culture media with an HS variant that targets endogenously produced FGF2 allows the elimination of exogenous growth factors that may adversely affect their therapeutic potency. An FGF2-binding heparan sulfate (HS8) accelerates the ex vivo expansion of hMSCs hMSCs expanded with HS8 maintain stem cell characteristics and potency HS8-expanded hMSCs improve osteochondral regeneration in animal models HS8 is an effective bio-additive for the scale up of highly potent hMSCs
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ling
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Xiafei Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074/119288, Singapore
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074/119288, Singapore
| | - Afizah Binte Mohd Hassan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074/119288, Singapore
| | - Sophia Mah
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Padmapriya Sathiyanathan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Raymond A A Smith
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Clarissa L L Tan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Michelle Eio
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Rebekah M Samsonraj
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael Raghunath
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Victor Nurcombe
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - James H Hui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074/119288, Singapore.
| | - Simon M Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074/119288, Singapore.
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12
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He QL, Qin SY, Tao L, Ning HJ, Jiang HX. Prognostic value and prospective molecular mechanism of miR-100-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma: A comprehensive study based on 1,258 samples. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6126-6142. [PMID: 31788087 PMCID: PMC6865135 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value and molecular mechanism of microRNA-100-5p (miR-100-5p) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unclear. To explore the prognostic value and the mechanism of miR-100-5p in HCC, the present study analyzed the results of 18 previous studies and bioinformatic datasets. The clinical significance of miR-100-5p and its targets in HCC were investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus, as well as relevant literature. In total, 12 online tools were used to predict the target genes of miR-100-5p. Bioinformatics analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were performed, and genomic alterations of the hub genes were evaluated. A meta-analysis with 1,258 samples revealed that miR-100-5p was significantly downregulated in HCC [standard mean difference (SMD), -0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), -1.14 to -0.74; I2, 35.2%]. Lower miR-100-5p expression was associated with poorer clinical characteristics and a poorer prognosis for patients with HCC. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis revealed that the 'regulation of transcription', 'chromatin remodeling complex', 'transcription regulator activity', 'pathways in cancer' and 'heparan sulfate biosynthesis' were the most enriched terms. Furthermore, expression of histone deacetylase (HDAC)2, HDAC3, SHC-transforming protein 1 (SHC1), Ras-related protein Rac1 (RAC1) and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL (CBL) was negatively correlated with miR-100-5p expression. Among these, upregulated HDAC2 [hazard ratio (HR), 1.910; 95% CI, 1.309-2.787; P=0.0007], HDAC3 (HR, 1.474; 95% CI, 1.012-2.146; P=0.0435), SHC1 (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.043-2.215; P=0.0281) and RAC1 (HR, 1.817; 95% CI, 1.248-2.645; P=0.0022) were associated with shorter survival. Alterations in HDAC2, SHC1, RAC1 and IGF1R were linked with a poorer outcome for HCC, and alternative splicing of SHC and RAC1 were significantly decreased and increased in HCC, respectively. In summary, the downregulation of miR-100-5p may be involved in the progression and prognosis of HCC. The upregulation of HDAC2, HDAC3, SHC1 and RAC1 may indicate a poorer survival rate for patients with HCC. Thus, miR-100-5p and these 4 potential target genes may provide novel therapeutic targets and prognostic predictors for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Yu Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lin Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Jian Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Xing Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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13
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Lv Z, Ma J, Wang J, Lu J. MicroRNA-761 targets FGFR1 to suppress the malignancy of osteosarcoma by deactivating PI3K/Akt pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8501-8513. [PMID: 31686864 PMCID: PMC6800886 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s208263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose MicroRNA-761 (miR-761) has been reported to be deregulated in many types of human cancers and play important roles in cancer genesis and progression. However, the biological roles of miR-761 in osteosarcoma (OS) and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Methods The expression of miR-761 in OS tissues and cell lines was analyzed using RT-qPCR. A series of gain-of-function tests were performed, and status of malignancy was evaluated on basis of proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis using different assays to determine the regulatory roles of miR-761 in OS cells in vivo and in vitro. Notably, the mechanisms underlying the action of miR-761 in the pathogenesis of OS were investigated using bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Results The results showed that miR-761 expression was decreased in OS tissues and cell lines and is closely correlated with clinical stage and distant metastasis in OS patients. Patients with OS having low miR-761 expression showed worse prognosis compared to OS patients with high miR-761 expression. Restoring the miR-761 expression level decreased OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro; promoted cell apoptosis in vitro; and impaired tumor growth in vivo. In addition, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) was found as a direct target gene of miR-761 in OS cells. Furthermore, silencing FGFR1 expression stimulated the tumor-suppressing roles of miR-761 upregulation in OS cells, whereas the activity of miR-761 overexpression in OS cells was abolished by the restoration of FGFR1 expression. Moreover, restoration of miR-761 expression deactivated the PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion These results suggest that miR-761 plays anti-cancer roles in OS by directly targeting FGFR1 and deactivating the PI3K/Akt pathway. The newly identified miR-761/FGFR1/PI3K/Akt pathway partially illustrates the mechanism of OS pathogenesis and presents a novel candidate therapeutic target for antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhe Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Liaoning 116001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinming Ma
- School of Graduate Studies, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Liaoning 116001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Liaoning 116001, People's Republic of China
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14
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Nurcombe V, Ling L, Hondermarck H, Cool SM, Smith RAA. Bringing Heparan Sulfate Glycomics Together with Proteomics for the Design of Novel Therapeutics: A Historical Perspective. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800466. [PMID: 31197945 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Increasing knowledge of how peptides bind saccharides, and of how saccharides bind peptides, is starting to revolutionize understanding of cell-extracellular matrix relationships. Here, a historical perspective is taken of the relationship between heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans and how they interact with peptide growth factors in order to both drive and modulate signaling through the appropriate cognate receptors. Such knowledge is guiding the preparation of targeted sugar mimetics that will impact the treatment of many different kinds of diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Nurcombe
- Institute of Medical Biology, Glycotherapeutics Group, A*STAR, 138648, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University-Imperial College London, 636921, Singapore
| | - Ling Ling
- Institute of Medical Biology, Glycotherapeutics Group, A*STAR, 138648, Singapore
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Simon M Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Glycotherapeutics Group, A*STAR, 138648, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Raymond A A Smith
- Institute of Medical Biology, Glycotherapeutics Group, A*STAR, 138648, Singapore
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15
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Korhan P, Yılmaz Y, Bağırsakçı E, Güneş A, Topel H, Carr BI, Atabey N. Pleiotropic Effects of Heparins: From Clinical Applications to Molecular Mechanisms in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 2018:7568742. [PMID: 30425976 PMCID: PMC6217885 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7568742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide and most cases are incurable because of late presentation. It is the most common primary neoplasm of the liver and often arises in the context of a chronic liver disease that impairs coagulation. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common complication of HCC that is associated with a poor prognosis. Heparin derivatives are widely used in the management of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Among them low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) favorably influences the survival in patients with advanced cancer, including HCC. Due to their pleiotropic function, heparins affect tumorigenesis in many ways and may promote or hamper tumorigenic transformation depending on the cancer type and cancer stage along with their structural properties and concentration. Thus, their application as an antithrombotic along with the conventional therapy regime should be carefully planned to develop the best management strategies. In this review, we first will briefly review clinical applications of heparin derivatives in the management of cancer with a particular focus on HCC. We then summarize the state of knowledge whereby heparin can crosstalk with molecules playing a role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Lastly, we highlight new experimental and clinical research conducted with the aim of moving towards personalized therapy in cancer patients at risk of thromboembolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyda Korhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Yılmaz
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Turkey
- Medical Biology and Genetics, Heath Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Bağırsakçı
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Turkey
| | - Ayşim Güneş
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Turkey
| | - Hande Topel
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Turkey
- Medical Biology and Genetics, Heath Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Turkey
| | | | - Neşe Atabey
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Turkey
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16
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Shi Z, Zhou H, Pan B, Lu L, Kang Y, Liu L, Wei Z, Feng S. Exploring the key genes and pathways in enchondromas using a gene expression microarray. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43967-43977. [PMID: 28410203 PMCID: PMC5546454 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Enchondromas are the most common primary benign osseous neoplasms that occur in the medullary bone; they can undergo malignant transformation into chondrosarcoma. However, enchondromas are always undetected in patients, and the molecular mechanism is unclear. To identify key genes and pathways associated with the occurrence and development of enchondromas, we downloaded the gene expression dataset GSE22855 and obtained the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by analyzing high-throughput gene expression in enchondromas. In total, 635 genes were identified as DEGs. Of these, 225 genes (35.43%) were up-regulated, and the remaining 410 genes (64.57%) were down-regulated. We identified the predominant gene ontology (GO) categories and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways that were significantly over-represented in the enchondromas samples compared with the control samples. Subsequently the top 10 core genes were identified from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The enrichment analyses of the genes mainly involved in two significant modules showed that the DEGs were principally related to ribosomes, protein digestion and absorption, ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, amoebiasis and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Together, these data elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of enchondromas and provide promising candidates for therapeutic intervention and prognostic evaluation. However, further experimental studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongju Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zhijian Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
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17
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Han Y, Jiang Q, Wang Y, Li W, Geng M, Han Z, Chen X. The anti-proliferative effects of oleanolic acid on A7r5 cells-Role of UCP2 and downstream FGF-2/p53/TSP-1. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:1296-1306. [PMID: 28792088 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is a major contributor to atherosclerosis. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of oleanolic acid (OA) against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced VSMC proliferation in A7r5 cells and explored underlying molecular mechanism. The cell proliferation was quantified with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), in which ox-LDL significantly increased A7r5 cells proliferation, while OA pretreatment effectively alleviated such changes without inducing overt cytotoxicity, as indicated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting revealed increased UCP2 and FGF-2 expression levels as well as decreased p53 and TSP-1 expression levels in A7r5 cells following ox-LDL exposure, while OA pretreatment reversed such changes. Furthermore, inhibiting UCP2 with genipin remarkably reversed the changes in the expression levels of FGF-2, p53, and TSP-1 induced by ox-LDL exposure; silencing FGF-2 with siRNA did not significantly change the expression levels of UCP2 but effectively reversed the changes in the expression levels of p53 and TSP-1, and activation of p53 with PRIMA-1 only significantly affected the changes in the expression levels of TSP-1, but not in UCP2 or FGF-2, suggesting a UCP-2/FGF-2/p53/TSP-1 signaling in A7r5 cells response to ox-LDL exposure. Additionally, co-treatment of OA and genipin exhibited similar effects to the expression levels of UCP2, FGF-2, p53, and TSP-1 as OA or genipin solo treatment in ox-LDL-exposed A7r5 cells, suggesting the involvement of UCP-2/FGF-2/p53/TSP-1 in the mechanism of OA. In conclusion, OA inhibits ox-LDL-induced VSMC proliferation in A7r5 cells, the mechanism involves the changes in UCP-2/FGF-2/p53/TSP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Han
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Qixiao Jiang
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Min Geng
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiwu Han
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiansu Road, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
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18
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Jing Q, Wang Y, Liu H, Deng X, Jiang L, Liu R, Song H, Li J. FGFs: crucial factors that regulate tumour initiation and progression. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:438-47. [PMID: 27383016 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are crucial signalling molecules involved in normal cell growth, differentiation and proliferation. Over the past few decades, a large body of research has illustrated effects of individual FGFs on tumour initiation and progression. Tumour development is commonly accompanied with generation of new blood and lymph vessels, which support enhanced cell proliferation. Moreover, acquisition of tumour cells of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, enhances tumour cell migration and invasion potentials, crucial steps in tumour metastasis. This review summarizes recent findings concerning roles of FGFs in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jing
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowei Deng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haixing Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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19
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Wijesinghe SJ, Ling L, Murali S, Qing YH, Hinkley SFR, Carnachan SM, Bell TJ, Swaminathan K, Hui JH, van Wijnen AJ, Nurcombe V, Cool SM. Affinity Selection of FGF2-Binding Heparan Sulfates for Ex Vivo Expansion of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:566-575. [PMID: 27291835 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The future of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as a successful cell therapy relies on bioprocessing strategies to improve the scalability of these cells without compromising their therapeutic ability. The culture-expansion of hMSCs can be enhanced by supplementation with growth factors, particularly fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). The biological activity of FGF2 is controlled through interactions with heparan sulfate (HS) that facilitates ligand-receptor complex formation. We previously reported on an FGF2-interacting HS variant (termed HS2) isolated from embryonic tissue by anionic exchange chromatography that increased the proliferation and potency of hMSCs. Here, we detail the isolation of an FGF2 affinity-purified HS variant (HS8) using a scalable platform technology previously employed to generate HS variants with increased affinity for BMP-2 or VEGF165 . This process used a peptide sequence derived from the heparin-binding domain of FGF2 as a substrate to affinity-isolate HS8 from a commercially available source of porcine mucosal HS. Our data show that HS8 binds to FGF2 with higher affinity than to FGF1, FGF7, BMP2, PDGF-BB, or VEGF165 . Also, HS8 protects FGF2 from thermal destabilization and increases FGF signaling and hMSC proliferation through FGF receptor 1. Long-term supplementation of cultures with HS8 increased both hMSC numbers and their colony-forming efficiency without adversely affecting the expression of hMSC-related cell surface antigens. This strategy further exemplifies the utility of affinity-purifying HS variants against particular ligands important to the stem cell microenvironment and advocates for their addition as adjuvants for the culture-expansion of hMSCs destined for cellular therapy. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 566-575, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Ling
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Sadasivam Murali
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Yeong Hui Qing
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Simon F R Hinkley
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Susan M Carnachan
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Tracey J Bell
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | | | - James H Hui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Victor Nurcombe
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Simon M Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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