1
|
Windell DL, Mourabit S, Moger J, Owen SF, Winter MJ, Tyler CR. The influence of size and surface chemistry on the bioavailability, tissue distribution and toxicity of gold nanoparticles in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 260:115019. [PMID: 37269610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used in biomedicine and their specific properties including, size, geometrics, and surface coating, will affect their fate and behaviour in biological systems. These properties are well studied for their intended biological targets, but there is a lack of understanding on the mechanisms by which AuNPs interact in non-target organisms when they enter the environment. We investigated the effects of size and surface chemistry of AuNPs on their bioavailability, tissue distribution and potential toxicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an experimental model. Larval zebrafish were exposed to fluorescently tagged AuNPs of different sizes (10-100 nm) and surface modifications (TNFα, NHS/PAMAM and PEG), and uptake, tissue distribution and depuration rates were measured using selective-plane illumination microscopy (SPIM). The gut and pronephric tubules were found to contain detectable levels of AuNPs, and the concentration-dependent accumulation was related to the particle size. Surface addition of PEG and TNFα appeared to enhance particle accumulation in the pronephric tubules compared to uncoated particles. Depuration studies showed a gradual removal of particles from the gut and pronephric tubules, although fluorescence indicating the presence of the AuNPs remained in the pronephros 96 h after exposure. Toxicity assessment using two transgenic zebrafish reporter lines, however, revealed no AuNP-related renal injury or cellular oxidative stress. Collectively, our data show that AuNPs used in medical applications across the size range 40-80 nm, are bioavailable to larval zebrafish and some may persist in renal tissue, although their presence did not result in measurable toxicity with respect to pronephric organ function or cellular oxidative stress for short term exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan L Windell
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Sulayman Mourabit
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Moger
- Physics and Medical Imaging, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart F Owen
- AstraZeneca, Global Compliance, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Winter
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
von Mikecz A. Exposome, Molecular Pathways and One Health: The Invertebrate Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169084. [PMID: 36012346 PMCID: PMC9409025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its preferred habitats in the environment, the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has become a realistic target organism for pollutants, including manufactured nanoparticles. In the laboratory, the invertebrate animal model represents a cost-effective tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the biological response to nanomaterials. With an estimated number of 22,000 coding genes and short life span of 2–3 weeks, the small worm is a giant when it comes to characterization of molecular pathways, long-term low dose pollutant effects and vulnerable age-groups. Here, we review (i) flows of manufactured nanomaterials and exposition of C. elegans in the environment, (ii) the track record of C. elegans in biomedical research, and (iii) its potential to contribute to the investigation of the exposome and bridge nanotoxicology between higher organisms, including humans. The role of C. elegans in the one health concept is taken one step further by proposing methods to sample wild nematodes and their molecular characterization by single worm proteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna von Mikecz
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine GmbH, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guimarães B, Gomes SIL, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Amorim MJB. Impacts of Longer-Term Exposure to AuNPs on Two Soil Ecotoxicological Model Species. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040153. [PMID: 35448414 PMCID: PMC9032579 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The production, use and disposal of nanoparticles (NPs) has been increasing continuously. Due to its unique properties, such as a high resistance to oxidation, gold NPs (AuNPs) are persistent in the environment, including the terrestrial, one of the major sinks of NPs. The present study aimed to assess the effects of AuNPs (from 10 to 1000 mg/kg) on two OECD standard ecotoxicological soil model species, Enchytraeus crypticus and Folsomia candida, based on the reproduction test (28 days) and on a longer-term exposure (56 days), and survival, reproduction, and size were assessed. AuNPs caused no significant hazard to F. candida, but for E. crypticus the lowest tested concentrations (10 and 100 mg AuNPs/kg) reduced reproduction. Further, AuNPs’ toxicity increased from the 28th to the 56th day mainly to F. candida, as observed in animals’ size reduction. Therefore, longer-term exposure tests are recommended as these often reveal increased hazards, not predicted when based on shorter exposures. Additionally, special attention should be given to the higher hazard of low concentrations of NPs, compared to higher concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Guimarães
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.G.); (S.I.L.G.)
| | - Susana I. L. Gomes
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.G.); (S.I.L.G.)
| | - Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsovej 25, P.O. Box 314, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark;
| | - Mónica J. B. Amorim
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.G.); (S.I.L.G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Burketová L, Martinec J, Siegel J, Macůrková A, Maryška L, Valentová O. Noble metal nanoparticles in agriculture: impacts on plants, associated microorganisms, and biotechnological practices. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 58:107929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
5
|
Hund-Rinke K, Diaz C, Jurack A, Klein J, Knopf B, Schlich K, Fernández-Cruz ML, Hernández-Moreno D, Manier N, Pandard P, Gomes SIL, Guimarães B, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Amorim MJB. Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112949. [PMID: 34755633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current environmental hazard assessment is based on the testing of the pristine substance. However, it cannot be excluded that (nano)pharmaceuticals are excreted into sewage during the use phase followed by entry into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Sorption to sewage sludge or release via effluent can result in modified ecotoxicological effects which possibly can only be detected with a modified test approach. The objective of our study was to investigate a realistic exposure scenario for metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in pharmaceutical products, excreted into effluent, and released into the environment after treatment in WWTPs. The test approach was illustrated by using gold (Au) NPs. Effluent from model WWTPs were investigated in aquatic tests (Daphnia magna, fish cell lines). Sewage sludge was used as a sole food source (Eisenia fetida) or mixed with soil and used as test medium (soil microorganisms, Folsomia candida, Enchytraeus crypticus). To cover the aspect of regulation, the test systems described in OECD-test guidelines (OECD TG 201, 211, 220, 232, 249, 317) were applied. Modifications and additional test approaches were included to meet the needs arising out of the testing of nanomaterials and of the exposure scenarios. The results were assessed regarding the suitability of the test design and the toxicity of Au-NPs. Except for activated sludge as a sole food source for E.fetida, the selected test approach is suitable for the testing of nanomaterials. Additional information can be gained when compared to the common testing of the pristine nanomaterials in the standardized test systems. Effects of Au-NPs were observed in concentrations exceeding the modeled environmental.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Hund-Rinke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany.
| | - Cecilia Diaz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Anne Jurack
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Judith Klein
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Knopf
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Schlich
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - María Luisa Fernández-Cruz
- Dpto. Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Hernández-Moreno
- Dpto. Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Manier
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), F-60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Pascal Pandard
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), F-60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Susana I L Gomes
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Guimarães
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Mónica J B Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ferrari E, Barbero F, Busquets-Fité M, Franz-Wachtel M, Köhler HR, Puntes V, Kemmerling B. Growth-Promoting Gold Nanoparticles Decrease Stress Responses in Arabidopsis Seedlings. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3161. [PMID: 34947510 PMCID: PMC8707008 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The global economic success of man-made nanoscale materials has led to a higher production rate and diversification of emission sources in the environment. For these reasons, novel nanosafety approaches to assess the environmental impact of engineered nanomaterials are required. While studying the potential toxicity of metal nanoparticles (NPs), we realized that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have a growth-promoting rather than a stress-inducing effect. In this study we established stable short- and long-term exposition systems for testing plant responses to NPs. Exposure of plants to moderate concentrations of AuNPs resulted in enhanced growth of the plants with longer primary roots, more and longer lateral roots and increased rosette diameter, and reduced oxidative stress responses elicited by the immune-stimulatory PAMP flg22. Our data did not reveal any detrimental effects of AuNPs on plants but clearly showed positive effects on growth, presumably by their protective influence on oxidative stress responses. Differential transcriptomics and proteomics analyses revealed that oxidative stress responses are downregulated whereas growth-promoting genes/proteins are upregulated. These omics datasets after AuNP exposure can now be exploited to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of AuNP-induced growth-promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Barbero
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (F.B.); (V.P.)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Heinz-R. Köhler
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Victor Puntes
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (F.B.); (V.P.)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08032 Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Many important discoveries have been made in the field of nanotechnology in the last 40 years. Since then, nanoparticles became nearly ubiquitous. With their spreading use, safety concerns have warranted extensive research of nanotoxicity. This paper offers information about the occurrence, transport, and behaviour of metallic nanoparticles in the aquatic environment. It further summarizes details about parameters that dictate the toxicity of nanoparticles and discusses the general/common mechanisms of their toxicity. This review also focuses on fish exposure to nanoparticles, including the possibility of trophic transport through the food chain. Information on some of the most frequently used metallic nanoparticles, such as silver, gold, and titanium dioxide, is further elaborated on.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hauser M, Nowack B. Modelling local nanobiomaterial release and concentration hotspots in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117399. [PMID: 34091260 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanobiomaterials (NBMs) are a special category of nanomaterials used in medicine. As applications of NBMs are very similar to pharmaceuticals, their environmental release patterns are likely similar as well. Different pharmaceuticals were detected in surface waters all over the world. Consequently, there exists a need to identify possible NBM exposure routes into the environment. As the application of many NBMs is only carried out at specific locations (hospitals), average predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) may not accurately represent their release to the environment. We estimated the local release of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), which is investigated for their use in drug delivery, to Swiss surface waters by using population data as well as type, size and location of hospitals as proxies. The total mean consumption of PGLA in Switzerland using an explorative full-market penetration scenario was calculated to be 770 kg/year. 105 hospitals were considered, which were connected to wastewater treatment plants and the receiving water body using graphic information system (GIS) modelling. The water body dataset contained 20,167 river segments and 210 lake polygons. Using the discharge of the river, we were able to calculate the PECs in different river segments. While we calculated high PLGA releases of 2.24 and 2.03 kg/year in large cities such as Geneva or Zurich, the resulting local PECs of 220 and 660 pg/l, respectively, were low due to the high river discharge (330 and 97 m3/s). High PLGA concentrations (up to 7,900 pg/l) on the other hand were calculated around smaller cities with local hospitals but also smaller receiving rivers (between 0.7 and 1.9 m3/s). Therefore, we conclude that population density does not accurately predict local concentration hotspots of NBMs, such as PLGA, that are administered in a hospital context. In addition, even at the locations with the highest predicted PLGA concentrations, the expected risk is low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Hauser
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Johnson ME, Bennett J, Montoro Bustos AR, Hanna SK, Kolmakov A, Sharp N, Petersen EJ, Lapasset PE, Sims CM, Murphy KE, Nelson BC. Combining secondary ion mass spectrometry image depth profiling and single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to investigate the uptake and biodistribution of gold nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1175:338671. [PMID: 34330435 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Analytical techniques capable of determining the spatial distribution and quantity (mass and/or particle number) of engineered nanomaterials in organisms are essential for characterizing nano-bio interactions and for nanomaterial risk assessments. Here, we combine the use of dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry (dynamic SIMS) and single particle inductively coupled mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) techniques to determine the biodistribution and quantity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) ingested by Caenorhabditis elegans. We report the application of SIMS in image depth profiling mode for visualizing, identifying, and characterizing the biodistribution of AuNPs ingested by nematodes in both the lateral and z (depth) dimensions. In parallel, conventional- and sp-ICP-MS quantified the mean number of AuNPs within the nematode, ranging from 2 to 36 NPs depending on the size of AuNP. The complementary data from both SIMS image depth profiling and spICP-MS provides a complete view of the uptake, translocation, and size distribution of ingested NPs within Caenorhabditis elegans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique E Johnson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States.
| | - Joe Bennett
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Antonio R Montoro Bustos
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Shannon K Hanna
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Andrei Kolmakov
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Nicholas Sharp
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Elijah J Petersen
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Patricia E Lapasset
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Christopher M Sims
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Karen E Murphy
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| | - Bryant C Nelson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Stressor-Dependant Changes in Immune Parameters in the Terrestrial Isopod Crustacean, Porcellio scaber: A Focus on Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11040934. [PMID: 33917492 PMCID: PMC8067488 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We compared the changes of selected immune parameters of Porcellio scaber to different stressors. The animals were either fed for two weeks with Au nanoparticles (NPs), CeO2 NPs, or Au ions or body-injected with Au NPs, CeO2 NPs, or lipopolysaccharide endotoxin. Contrary to expectations, the feeding experiment showed that both NPs caused a significant increase in the total haemocyte count (THC). In contrast, the ion-positive control resulted in a significantly decreased THC. Additionally, changes in phenoloxidase (PO)-like activity, haemocyte viability, and nitric oxide (NO) levels seemed to depend on the stressor. Injection experiments also showed stressor-dependant changes in measured parameters, such as CeO2 NPs and lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS), caused more significant responses than Au NPs. These results show that feeding and injection of NPs caused an immune response and that the response differed significantly, depending on the exposure route. We did not expect the response to ingested NPs, due to the low exposure concentrations (100 μg/g dry weight food) and a firm gut epithelia, along with a lack of phagocytosis in the digestive system, which would theoretically prevent NPs from crossing the biological barrier. It remains a challenge for future research to reveal what the physiological and ecological significance is for the organism to sense and respond, via the immune system, to ingested foreign material.
Collapse
|
11
|
Microbial Population Dynamics in Model Sewage Treatment Plants and the Fate and Effect of Gold Nanoparticles. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9030054. [PMID: 33802200 PMCID: PMC8001127 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9030054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adequate functioning of a sewage treatment plant (STP) is essential to protect the downstream aquatic environment (ECHA 2017), and information on the degradability of chemicals and their toxicity to activated sludge microorganisms is required. An environmental realistic higher tier test is a STP simulation test as described in OECD 303A (2001) which for nanoparticles can also be used to study their sorption behavior to activated sludge. However, information is limited on the influence of synthetic sewage on the microbial community of the activated sludge. A modified community can result in modifications of the sludge floccules affecting the sorption behavior. The main objective of our study was to show whether a representative microbial diversity remains under standardized test conditions as described in OECD 303A (2001) using synthetic sewage as influent. Furthermore, we investigated whether just considering the functional properties of a STP (elimination of dissolved organic carbon; nitrification), is sufficient for an assessment of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) or whether the influence on microbial diversity also needs to be considered. AuNPs were used as a case study due to their rising medical applications and therefore increasing probability to reach the sewer and STP. The results can provide significant input for the interpretation of results from the regulatory point of view. To deliver these objectives, the general changes of the microbial population in activated sludge and its influence on the degradation activity (dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic nitrogen) using freshly collected sludge from the municipal STP in an artificial test system as a model STP in accordance with OECD 303A (2001) were assessed. Additionally, we evaluated the potential impact of AuNPs and its dispersant on the microbial composition and the overall impact on the function of the STP in terms of DOC degradation and nitrogen removal to observe if an assessment based on functional properties is sufficient. The bacteria composition in our study, evaluated at a class level, revealed commonly described environmental bacteria. Proteobacteria (β, α, δ) accounted for more than 50% but also nitrifying bacteria as Nitrospira were present. Our results show that mainly within the first 7 days of an acclimatization phase by addition of synthetic sewage, the bacterial community changed. Even though AuNPs can have antibacterial properties, no adverse effects on the function and structure of the microorganisms in the STP could be detected at concentrations of increased modeled PEC values by a factor of about 10,000. Complementary to other metallic nanomaterials, gold nanomaterials also sorb to a large extent to the activated sludge. If activated sludge is used as fertilizer on agricultural land, gold nanoparticles can be introduced into soils. In this case, the effect on soil (micro)organisms must be investigated more closely, also taking into account the structural diversity.
Collapse
|
12
|
Alabresm A, Decho AW, Lead J. A novel method to estimate cellular internalization of nanoparticles into gram-negative bacteria: Non-lytic removal of outer membrane and cell wall. NANOIMPACT 2021; 21:100283. [PMID: 35559775 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria efficiently take up small organic molecules and ions. However, the internalization of particulate forms, specifically nanoparticles (NPs) has been understudied and is a newly-emerging area of interest. However, determination of true cellular internalization is challenging owing to the difficulty of separating the aqueous phase from bacteria-associated NPs and, more importantly, of differentiating between internalized and NPs sorbed on bacteria surfaces. In this work, we developed and validated an extraction method which can operationally estimate internalization of metal NPs into Gram-negative bacteria. The outer cell membrane and cell wall, collectively called the periplasm, was successfully removed from bacteria using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) at an optimized exposure period and concentration, without lysis of bacteria. This was followed by standard digestion and metal measurements. Verification of each step of the methodology was conducted by assessing both cellular and metal behavior. Specifically, the combined approaches of live/dead staining of bacteria, optical density measurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and metal analyses of the supernatant indicated that the method operationally separated externally-sorbed NPs from those internalized actually localized within the bacterial cytoplasm. However, this new method is ideally used alongside other methods in a multi-method approach, to provide improved data quality. Therefore, it should be used with CSLM, FACS, TEM and other available methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjed Alabresm
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk (CENR), Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Biological Development of Shatt Al-Arab & N. Arabian Gulf, Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Alan W Decho
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Jamie Lead
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk (CENR), Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hauser M, Nowack B. Probabilistic modelling of nanobiomaterial release from medical applications into the environment. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106184. [PMID: 33137704 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanobiomaterials (NBMs) are currently being tested in numerous biomedical applications, and their use is expected to grow rapidly in the near future. Many different types of nanomaterials are employed for a wide variety of different applications. Silver nanoparticles (nano-Ag) have been investigated for their antibacterial, antifungal, and osteoinductive properties to be used in catheters, wound healing, dental applications, and bone healing. Polymeric nanoparticles such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) are mainly studied for their ability to deliver cancer drugs as the body metabolizes them into simple compounds. However, most of these applications are still in the development stage and unavailable on the market, meaning that information on possible consumption, material flows, and concentrations in the environment is lacking. We thus modeled a realistic scenario involving several nano-Ag and PLGA applications which are already in use or likely to reach the market soon. We assumed their full market penetration in Europe in order to explore the prospective flows of NBMs and their environmental concentrations. The potential flows of three application-specific composite materials were also examined for one precise application each: Fe3O4PEG-PLGA used in drug delivery, MgHA-collagen used for bone tissue engineering, and PLLA-Ag applied in wound healing. Mean annual consumption in Europe, considering all realistic and probable applications of the respective NBMs, was estimated to be 5,650 kg of nano-Ag and 48,000 kg of PLGA. Mean annual consumption of the three application-specific materials under the full market penetration scenario was estimated to be 4,000 kg of Fe3O4PEG-PLGA, 58 kg of MgHA-collagen, and 24,300 kg of PLLA-Ag. A probabilistic material-flow model was used to quantify flows of the NBMs studied from production, through use, and on to end-of-life in the environment. The highest possible worst-case predicted environmental concentration (wc-PEC) were found to occur in sewage sludge, with 0.2 µg/kg of nano-Ag, 400 µg/kg of PLGA, 33 µg/kg of Fe3O4PEG-PLGA, 0.007 µg/kg of MgHA-collagen, and 2.9 µg/kg of PLLA-Ag. PLGA exhibited the highest concentration in all environmental compartments except natural and urban soil, where nano-Ag showed the highest concentration. The results showed that the distribution of NBMs into different environmental and technical compartments is strongly dependent on their type of application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Hauser
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Costa B, Quintaneiro C, Daniel-da-Silva AL, Trindade T, Soares AMVM, Lopes I. An integrated approach to assess the sublethal effects of colloidal gold nanorods in tadpoles of Xenopus laevis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123237. [PMID: 32947686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (AuNR) have been explored for many applications, including innovative nanomedicines, which also might contribute to its increase in the environment, namely due to inadequate disposable of wastes into aquatic environments. Early-life stages of amphibians are usually aquatic and sensitive to chemical contamination. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the sublethal effects of CTAB functionalized AuNR on Xenopus laevis tadpoles. As such, tadpoles were exposed to serial concentrations of AuNR for 72 h. A reduction in the rate of feeding (EC50 = 4 μg.L-1), snout to vent growth (EC50 = 5 μg.L-1) and weight gain (EC50 = 6 μg.L-1), was observed for AuNR-exposed tadpoles. Also, tadpoles actively avoided concentrations ≥ 4 μg.L-1 of AuNR, after 12 h of exposure. At the biochemical level, AuNR caused impairments in antioxidant and nervous system related enzymes. Exposure to CTAB alone caused a high mortality. Results indicated that CTAB functionalized AuNR may induce several sublethal effects that may compromise the organism's fitness. Avoidance behavior (which corresponds to the disappearance of organisms, thus, similar to their death), observed at concentrations matching those inducing sublethal effects, suggest that it should be considered in the risk assessment for amphibians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Costa
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - C Quintaneiro
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana L Daniel-da-Silva
- Department of Chemistry and CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tito Trindade
- Department of Chemistry and CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A M V M Soares
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Montes de Oca-Vásquez G, Solano-Campos F, Vega-Baudrit JR, López-Mondéjar R, Vera A, Moreno JL, Bastida F. Organic amendments exacerbate the effects of silver nanoparticles on microbial biomass and community composition of a semiarid soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140919. [PMID: 32711321 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increased utilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can result in an accumulation of these particles in the environment. The potential detrimental effects of AgNPs in soil may be associated with the low fertility of soils in semiarid regions that are usually subjected to restoration through the application of organic amendments. Microbial communities are responsible for fundamental processes related to soil fertility, yet the potential impacts of low and realistic AgNPs concentrations on soil microorganisms are still unknown. We studied the effects of realistic citrate-stabilized AgNPs concentrations (0.015 and 1.5 μg kg-1) at two exposure times (7 and 30 days) on a sandy clay loam Mediterranean soil unamended (SU) and amended with compost (SA). We assessed soil microbial biomass (microbial fatty acids), soil enzyme activities (urease, β-glucosidase, and alkaline phosphatase), and composition of the microbial community (bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS2 sequencing) in a microcosm experiment. In the SA, the two concentrations of AgNPs significantly decreased the bacterial biomass after 7 days of incubation. At 30 days of incubation, only a significant decrease in the Gram+ was observed at the highest AgNPs concentration. In contrast, in the SU, there was a significant increase in bacterial biomass after 30 days of incubation at the lowest AgNPs concentration. Overall, we found that fungal biomass was more resistant to AgNPs than bacterial biomass, in both SA and SU. Further, the AgNPs changed the composition of the soil bacterial community in SA, the relative abundance of some bacterial taxa in SA and SU, and fungal richness in SU at 30 days of incubation. However, AgNPs did not affect the activity of extracellular enzymes. This study demonstrates that the exposure time and organic amendments modulate the effects of realistic concentrations of AgNPs in the biomass and composition of the microbial community of a Mediterranean soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Montes de Oca-Vásquez
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, National Center for High Technology, 10109 Pavas, San José, Costa Rica; Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales para el Desarrollo (DOCINADE), Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Costa Rica.
| | - Frank Solano-Campos
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional, Campus Omar Dengo, 86-3000 Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - José R Vega-Baudrit
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, National Center for High Technology, 10109 Pavas, San José, Costa Rica; Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional, Campus Omar Dengo, 86-3000 Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Rubén López-Mondéjar
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Vídeňská 1083, Praha 4 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Alfonso Vera
- CEBAS-CSIC. Department of Soil and Water Conservation. Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José L Moreno
- CEBAS-CSIC. Department of Soil and Water Conservation. Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Felipe Bastida
- CEBAS-CSIC. Department of Soil and Water Conservation. Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Giubilato E, Cazzagon V, Amorim MJB, Blosi M, Bouillard J, Bouwmeester H, Costa AL, Fadeel B, Fernandes TF, Fito C, Hauser M, Marcomini A, Nowack B, Pizzol L, Powell L, Prina-Mello A, Sarimveis H, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Semenzin E, Stahlmecke B, Stone V, Vignes A, Wilkins T, Zabeo A, Tran L, Hristozov D. Risk Management Framework for Nano-Biomaterials Used in Medical Devices and Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E4532. [PMID: 33066064 PMCID: PMC7601697 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The convergence of nanotechnology and biotechnology has led to substantial advancements in nano-biomaterials (NBMs) used in medical devices (MD) and advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP). However, there are concerns that applications of NBMs for medical diagnostics, therapeutics and regenerative medicine could also pose health and/or environmental risks since the current understanding of their safety is incomplete. A scientific strategy is therefore needed to assess all risks emerging along the life cycles of these products. To address this need, an overarching risk management framework (RMF) for NBMs used in MD and ATMP is presented in this paper, as a result of a collaborative effort of a team of experts within the EU Project BIORIMA and with relevant inputs from external stakeholders. The framework, in line with current regulatory requirements, is designed according to state-of-the-art approaches to risk assessment and management of both nanomaterials and biomaterials. The collection/generation of data for NBMs safety assessment is based on innovative integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA). The framework can support stakeholders (e.g., manufacturers, regulators, consultants) in systematically assessing not only patient safety but also occupational (including healthcare workers) and environmental risks along the life cycle of MD and ATMP. The outputs of the framework enable the user to identify suitable safe(r)-by-design alternatives and/or risk management measures and to compare the risks of NBMs to their (clinical) benefits, based on efficacy, quality and cost criteria, in order to inform robust risk management decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Giubilato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy; (E.G.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Virginia Cazzagon
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy; (E.G.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Mónica J. B. Amorim
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Magda Blosi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISTEC), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Jacques Bouillard
- Institut National de l’Environnement industriel et des Risques, Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; (J.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Hans Bouwmeester
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Anna Luisa Costa
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISTEC), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Teresa F. Fernandes
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK;
| | - Carlos Fito
- Instituto Tecnologico del Embalaje, Transporte y Logistica, 46980 Paterna-Valencia, Spain;
| | - Marina Hauser
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; (M.H.); (B.N.)
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy; (E.G.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; (M.H.); (B.N.)
| | - Lisa Pizzol
- GreenDecision Srl, Via delle Industrie, 21/8, 30175 Venice, Italy; (L.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Leagh Powell
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; (L.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland;
| | - Haralambos Sarimveis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Elena Semenzin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy; (E.G.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (E.S.)
| | | | - Vicki Stone
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; (L.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Alexis Vignes
- Institut National de l’Environnement industriel et des Risques, Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; (J.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Terry Wilkins
- Nanomanufacturing Institute, School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Alex Zabeo
- GreenDecision Srl, Via delle Industrie, 21/8, 30175 Venice, Italy; (L.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Lang Tran
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK;
| | - Danail Hristozov
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy; (E.G.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hlavkova D, Caloudova H, Palikova P, Kopel P, Plhalova L, Beklova M, Havelkova B. Effect of Gold Nanoparticles and Ions Exposure on the Aquatic Organisms. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:530-537. [PMID: 32940716 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An increase in the production and usage of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) triggers the necessity to focus on their impact on ecosystems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the acute toxicity of AuNPs and ionic gold (Au (III)) to organisms representing all trophic levels of the aquatic ecosystem, namely producers (duckweed Lemna minor), consumers (crustacean Daphnia magna, embryos of Danio rerio) and decomposers (bacteria Vibrio fischeri). The organisms were exposed according to a standardized protocol for each species and endpoints. The AuNPs (1.16 and 11.6 d.nm) were synthesized using citrate (CIT) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as capping agents, respectively. It was found, that Au (III) was significantly more toxic than AuNPs PVP and AuNPs CIT. AuNPs showed significant toxicity only at high concentrations (mg/L), which are not environmentally relevant in the present time, but a cautious approach is advised, due to the possibility of interactions with other contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Hlavkova
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zooanimals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Caloudova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Palikova
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zooanimals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Plhalova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Beklova
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zooanimals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Havelkova
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zooanimals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Trzciński JW, Panariello L, Besenhard MO, Yang Y, Gavriilidis A, Guldin S. Synthetic guidelines for the precision engineering of gold nanoparticles. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Perrotta BG, Simonin M, Back JA, Anderson SM, Avellan A, Bergemann CM, Castellon BT, Colman BP, Lowry GV, Matson CW, Bernhardt ES, King RS. Copper and Gold Nanoparticles Increase Nutrient Excretion Rates of Primary Consumers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:10170-10180. [PMID: 32672035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are exposed to engineered nanoparticles through municipal and industrial wastewater-effluent discharges and agricultural nonpoint source runoff. Because previous work has shown that engineered nanoparticles from these sources can accumulate in freshwater algal assemblages, we hypothesized that nanoparticles may affect the biology of primary consumers by altering the processing of two critical nutrients associated with growth and survivorship, nitrogen and phosphorus. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the excretion rates of nitrogen and phosphorus of Physella acuta, a ubiquitous pulmonate snail that grazes heavily on periphyton, exposed to either copper or gold engineered nanoparticles for 6 months in an outdoor wetland mesocosm experiment. Chronic nanoparticle exposure doubled nutrient excretion when compared to the control. Gold nanoparticles increased nitrogen and phosphorus excretion rates more than copper nanoparticles, but overall, both nanoparticles led to higher consumer excretion, despite contrasting particle stability and physiochemical properties. Snails in mesocosms enriched with nitrogen and phosphorus had overall higher excretion rates than ones in ambient (no nutrients added) mesocosms. Stimulation patterns were different between nitrogen and phosphorus excretion, which could have implications for the resulting nutrient ratio in the water column. These results suggest that low concentrations of engineered nanoparticles could alter the metabolism of consumers and increase consumer-mediated nutrient recycling rates, potentially intensifying eutrophication in aquatic systems, for example, the increased persistence of algal blooms as observed in our mesocosm experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany G Perrotta
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Marie Simonin
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Back
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Steven M Anderson
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Forestry & Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Astrid Avellan
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Christina M Bergemann
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Benjamin T Castellon
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Benjamin P Colman
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Cole W Matson
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Emily S Bernhardt
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ryan S King
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rajkovic S, Bornhöft NA, van der Weijden R, Nowack B, Adam V. Dynamic probabilistic material flow analysis of engineered nanomaterials in European waste treatment systems. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 113:118-131. [PMID: 32531660 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on the material flows of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is crucial for assessing their environmental risks. Waste management processes constitute important parts of material flow analyses as they affect large fractions of the ENMs. Accordingly, their detailed representation could substantially improve the models. Our goal was to consider the temporal variations of wastewater and solid waste management in the dynamic probabilistic material flow analysis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nano-Ag, -TiO2 and -ZnO in Europe from 2000 to 2020. New input parameters included wastewater and solid waste management rates for each year. The uncertainties associated with these data were assessed based on the type of consulted source, the geographical representativeness and temporal concordance. Results show modal values of 10-27% of ENMs going from sorting to reprocessing. Large shares of environmental releases of nano-Ag and nano-ZnO end in surface water (4.9 t and 1700 t respectively in 2020), while sludge-treated soil as environmental compartment is receiving most of nano-TiO2 (22,000 t in 2020) and CNTs (8.8 t in 2020). Discharges from wastewater management to the subsurface soil make this compartment the largest environmental sink of nano-Ag and nano-ZnO (30 t and 3860 t accumulated in 2020, respectively). Landfills represent significant stocks of ENMs, with 105 t, 2077 t, 69,000 t and 1042 t of nano-Ag, nano-ZnO, nano-TiO2 and CNTs. This model includes detailed descriptions of waste management and sources of ENMs released at the European scale. However, a better understanding of the behaviour, i.e. fate and potential transformations of ENMs in reprocessing systems, is needed to complete the full assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Rajkovic
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland; Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland.
| | - Véronique Adam
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hauser M, Nowack B. Meta-Analysis of Pharmacokinetic Studies of Nanobiomaterials for the Prediction of Excretion Depending on Particle Characteristics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:405. [PMID: 31921810 PMCID: PMC6927930 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth in development and use of nanobiomaterials (NBMs) has raised questions regarding their possible distribution in the environment. Because most NBMs are not yet available on the market and exposure monitoring is thus not possible, prospective exposure modeling is the method of choice to get information on their future environmental exposure. An important input for such models is the fraction of the NBM excreted after their application to humans. The aim of this study was to analyze the current literature on excretion of NBMs using a meta-analysis. Published pharmacokinetic data from in vivo animal experiments was collected and compiled in a database, including information on the material characteristics. An evaluation of the data showed that there is no correlation between the excretion (in % of injected dose, ID) and the material type, the dose, the zeta potential or the size of the particles. However, the excretion is dependent on the type of administration with orally administered NBMs being excreted to a larger extent than intravenously administered ones. A statistically significant difference was found for IV vs. oral and oral vs. inhalation. The database provided by this work can be used for future studies to parameterize the transfer of NBMs from humans to wastewater. Generic probability distributions of excretion for oral and IV-administration are provided to enable excretion modeling of NBMs without data for a specific NBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nasser F, Constantinou J, Lynch I. Nanomaterials in the Environment Acquire an "Eco-Corona" Impacting their Toxicity to Daphnia Magna-a Call for Updating Toxicity Testing Policies. Proteomics 2019; 20:e1800412. [PMID: 31750982 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) are particles with at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nm and a large surface area to volume ratio, providing them with exceptional qualities that are exploited in a variety of industrial fields. Deposition of NMs into environmental waters during or after use leads to the adsorption of an ecological (eco-) corona, whereby a layer of natural biomolecules coats the NM changing its stability, identity and ultimately toxicity. The eco-corona is not currently incorporated into ecotoxicity tests, although it has been shown to alter the interactions of NMs with organisms such as Daphnia magna (D. magna). Here, the literature on environmental biomolecule interactions with NMs is synthesized and a framework for understanding the eco-corona composition and its role in modulating NMs ecotoxicity is presented, utilizing D. magna as a model. The importance of including biomolecules as part of the current international efforts to update the standard testing protocols for NMs, is highlighted. Facilitating the formation of an eco-corona prior to NMs ecotoxicity testing will ensure that signaling pathways perturbed by the NMs are real rather than being associated with the damage arising from reactive NM surfaces "acquiring" a corona by pulling biomolecules from the organism's surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Nasser
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
| | - Julia Constantinou
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kawecki D, Nowack B. Polymer-Specific Modeling of the Environmental Emissions of Seven Commodity Plastics As Macro- and Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9664-9676. [PMID: 31287667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plastic has been identified as an emerging contaminant in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Uncertainties remain concerning the amounts present in the environment and the main responsible sources. In this study, the emissions of macro- and microplastics have been mapped for seven polymers in Switzerland. The modeling is based on a complete analysis of the flows from production and use to end-of-life using probabilistic material flow analysis. We estimate that 94 ± 34 g/capita/year of low-density polyethylene, 98 ± 50 g/cap/a of high-density polyethylene, 126 ± 43 g/cap/a of polypropylene, 24 ± 13 g/cap/a of polystyrene, 16 ± 12 g/cap/a of expanded polystyrene, 65 ± 36 g/cap/a of polyvinyl chloride, and 200 ± 120 g/cap/a of polyethylene terephthalate enter the Swiss environment. All polymers combined, 540 ± 140 and 73 ± 14 g/cap/a are emitted into soil as macroplastics and microplastics, respectively, and 13.3 ± 4.9 and 1.8 ± 1.1 g/cap/a are emitted into freshwater as macroplastics and microplastics, respectively. The leading emission pathway is littering for both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Construction, agriculture, and pre- and postconsumer processes cause important emissions of microplastics into soils, and postconsumer processes, textiles, and personal care products release most of the microplastics into waters. Because mass flows into soils are predicted to be 40 times larger than those into waters, more attention should be placed on this compartment. Our work also highlights the importance of referring to specific polymers instead of just "plastics".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Kawecki
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Technology and Society Laboratory , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , CH-9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Technology and Society Laboratory , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , CH-9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hauser M, Li G, Nowack B. Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:56. [PMID: 30992030 PMCID: PMC6466702 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing development and use of nanobiomaterials raises questions about their potential adverse effects on the environment after excretion and release. Published ecotoxicological data was searched for five polymeric nanobiomaterials [chitosan, polylactic acid (PLA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and poly(lactic-glycolic acid) (PLGA)] and one inorganic nanobiomaterial [hydroxyapatite (HAP)] to evaluate the environmental hazards for freshwater and soil using a meta-analysis. If enough data was available, a probabilistic species sensitivity distribution (pSSD) and from this a predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) was calculated. If only one data point was available, a PNEC was calculated based on the most sensitive endpoint. Each material was classified either as "nano" or "non-nano", depending on the categorization in the original articles. When the original article specified that the material consisted of nanoparticles, the material was classified as nano; when nothing was mentioned, the material was classified as "non-nano". RESULTS For PLA, PHA and PLGA, no published data on ecotoxicity was found and therefore no hazard assessment could be conducted. In soils, HAP was found to have the lowest PNEC with 0.3 mg/kg, followed by PAN and chitosan. In freshwater, chitosan was found to have the lowest PNEC with 5 µg/l, followed by nano-chitosan, HAP and PAN. CONCLUSION Compared with other common pollutants, even the most sensitive of the selected nanobiomaterials, chitosan, is less toxic than engineered nanomaterials such as nano-ZnO and nano-Ag, some common antibiotics, heavy metals or organic pollutants such as triclosan. Given the current knowledge, the nanobiomaterials covered in this work therefore pose only little or no environmental hazard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Hauser
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Li
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bourdineaud JP, Štambuk A, Šrut M, Radić Brkanac S, Ivanković D, Lisjak D, Sauerborn Klobučar R, Dragun Z, Bačić N, Klobučar GIV. Gold and silver nanoparticles effects to the earthworm Eisenia fetida - the importance of tissue over soil concentrations. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:12-29. [PMID: 30945571 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1567757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To address and to compare the respective impact of gold and silver nanoparticles (Au and Ag NPs) in soil invertebrate, the earthworm Eisenia fetida was exposed to soil containing 2, 10, and 50 mg/kg of Au and Ag in both nanoparticulate and ionic forms for 10 days. Both metal NPs were 2-15 times less bioavailable than their ionic forms, and displayed similar transfer coefficients from soil to earthworm tissues. Both metal NPs triggered the onset of an oxidative stress as illustrated by increased glutathione S-transferase levels, decreased catalase levels, and increased malondialdehyde concentrations. Protein carbonylation distinguished the nanoparticular from the ionic forms as its increase was observed only after exposure to the highest concentration of both metal NPs. Au and Ag NPs triggered DNA modifications even at the lowest concentration, and both repressed the expression of genes involved in the general defense and stress response at high concentrations as did their ionic counterparts. Despite the fact that both metal NPs were less bioavailable than their ionic forms, at equivalent concentrations accumulated within earthworms tissues they exerted equal or higher toxic potential than their ionic counterparts.Capsule: At equivalent concentrations accumulated within earthworm tissues Au and Ag NPs exert equal or higher toxic potential than their ionic forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Bourdineaud
- CNRS, Laboratory of Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anamaria Štambuk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Division of Zoology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Šrut
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Division of Zoology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Radić Brkanac
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Division of Botany, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dušica Ivanković
- Department for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damir Lisjak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Division of Zoology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Zrinka Dragun
- Department for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Niko Bačić
- Department for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Göran I V Klobučar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Division of Zoology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
McGivney E, Gao X, Liu Y, Lowry GV, Casman E, Gregory KB, VanBriesen JM, Avellan A. Biogenic Cyanide Production Promotes Dissolution of Gold Nanoparticles in Soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:1287-1295. [PMID: 30590926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are often used to study the physiochemical behavior and distribution of nanomaterials in natural systems because they are assumed to be inert under environmental conditions, even though Au can be oxidized and dissolved by a common environmental compound: cyanide. We used the cyanogenic soil bacterium, Chromobacterium violaceum, to demonstrate that quorum-sensing-regulated cyanide production could lead to a high rate of oxidative dissolution of Au NPs in soil. After 7 days of incubation in a pH 7.0 soil inoculated with C. violaceum, labile Au concentration increased from 0 to 15%. There was no observable dissolution when Au NPs were incubated in abiotic soil. In the same soil adjusted to pH 7.5, labile Au concentration increased up to 29% over the same time frame. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Au dissolution required quorum-sensing-regulated cyanide production in soil by inoculating the soil with different cell densities and using a quorum-sensing-deficient mutant of C. violaceum, CV026. Au NP dissolution experiments in liquid media coupled with mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that biogenic cyanide oxidized Au NPs to soluble Au(CN)2-. These results demonstrate under which conditions biologically enhanced metal dissolution can contribute to the overall geochemical transformation kinetics of nanoparticle in soils, even though the materials may be inert in abiotic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric McGivney
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Yijing Liu
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Elizabeth Casman
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Kelvin B Gregory
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Jeanne M VanBriesen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Astrid Avellan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aengenheister L, Dietrich D, Sadeghpour A, Manser P, Diener L, Wichser A, Karst U, Wick P, Buerki-Thurnherr T. Gold nanoparticle distribution in advanced in vitro and ex vivo human placental barrier models. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:79. [PMID: 30309365 PMCID: PMC6180500 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are promising candidates to design the next generation NP-based drug formulations specifically treating maternal, fetal or placental complications with reduced side effects. Profound knowledge on AuNP distribution and effects at the human placental barrier in dependence on the particle properties and surface modifications, however, is currently lacking. Moreover, the predictive value of human placental transfer models for NP translocation studies is not yet clearly understood, in particular with regards to differences between static and dynamic exposures. To understand if small (3–4 nm) AuNPs with different surface modifications (PEGylated versus carboxylated) are taken up and cross the human placental barrier, we performed translocation studies in a static human in vitro co-culture placenta model and the dynamic human ex vivo placental perfusion model. The samples were analysed using ICP-MS, laser ablation-ICP-MS and TEM analysis for sensitive, label-free detection of AuNPs. Results After 24 h of exposure, both AuNP types crossed the human placental barrier in vitro, although in low amounts. Even though cellular uptake was higher for carboxylated AuNPs, translocation was slightly increased for PEGylated AuNPs. After 6 h of perfusion, only PEGylated AuNPs were observed in the fetal circulation and tissue accumulation was similar for both AuNP types. While PEGylated AuNPs were highly stable in the biological media and provided consistent results among the two placenta models, carboxylated AuNPs agglomerated and adhered to the perfusion device, resulting in different cellular doses under static and dynamic exposure conditions. Conclusions Gold nanoparticles cross the human placental barrier in limited amounts and accumulate in placental tissue, depending on their size- and/or surface modification. However, it is challenging to identify the contribution of individual characteristics since they often affect colloidal particle stability, resulting in different biological interaction in particular under static versus dynamic conditions. This study highlights that human ex vivo and in vitro placenta models can provide valuable mechanistic insights on NP uptake and translocation if accounting for NP stability and non-specific interactions with the test system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-018-0406-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Aengenheister
- Empa, Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Dörthe Dietrich
- Institute of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Amin Sadeghpour
- Empa, Center for X-ray Analytics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Pius Manser
- Empa, Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Diener
- Empa, Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Wichser
- Empa, Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa, Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Empa, Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lead JR, Batley GE, Alvarez PJJ, Croteau MN, Handy RD, McLaughlin MJ, Judy JD, Schirmer K. Nanomaterials in the environment: Behavior, fate, bioavailability, and effects-An updated review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:2029-2063. [PMID: 29633323 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The present review covers developments in studies of nanomaterials (NMs) in the environment since our much cited review in 2008. We discuss novel insights into fate and behavior, metrology, transformations, bioavailability, toxicity mechanisms, and environmental impacts, with a focus on terrestrial and aquatic systems. Overall, the findings were that: 1) despite substantial developments, critical gaps remain, in large part due to the lack of analytical, modeling, and field capabilities, and also due to the breadth and complexity of the area; 2) a key knowledge gap is the lack of data on environmental concentrations and dosimetry generally; 3) substantial evidence shows that there are nanospecific effects (different from the effects of both ions and larger particles) on the environment in terms of fate, bioavailability, and toxicity, but this is not consistent for all NMs, species, and relevant processes; 4) a paradigm is emerging that NMs are less toxic than equivalent dissolved materials but more toxic than the corresponding bulk materials; and 5) translation of incompletely understood science into regulation and policy continues to be challenging. There is a developing consensus that NMs may pose a relatively low environmental risk, but because of uncertainty and lack of data in many areas, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. In addition, this emerging consensus will likely change rapidly with qualitative changes in the technology and increased future discharges. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2029-2063. © 2018 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Lead
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Graeme E Batley
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Kirrawee, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan D Judy
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kristin Schirmer
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang Y, Nowack B. Environmental risk assessment of engineered nano-SiO 2 , nano iron oxides, nano-CeO 2 , nano-Al 2 O 3 , and quantum dots. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:1387-1395. [PMID: 29315795 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many research studies have endeavored to investigate the ecotoxicological hazards of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). However, little is known regarding the actual environmental risks of ENMs, combining both hazard and exposure data. The aim of the present study was to quantify the environmental risks for nano-Al2 O3 , nano-SiO2 , nano iron oxides, nano-CeO2 , and quantum dots by comparing the predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) with the predicted-no-effect concentrations (PNECs). The PEC values of these 5 ENMs in freshwaters in 2020 for northern Europe and southeastern Europe were taken from a published dynamic probabilistic material flow analysis model. The PNEC values were calculated using probabilistic species sensitivity distribution (SSD). The order of the PNEC values was quantum dots < nano-CeO2 < nano iron oxides < nano-Al2 O3 < nano-SiO2 . The risks posed by these 5 ENMs were demonstrated to be in the reverse order: nano-Al2 O3 > nano-SiO2 > nano iron oxides > nano-CeO2 > quantum dots. However, all risk characterization values are 4 to 8 orders of magnitude lower than 1, and no risk was therefore predicted for any of the investigated ENMs at the estimated release level in 2020. Compared to static models, the dynamic material flow model allowed us to use PEC values based on a more complex parameterization, considering a dynamic input over time and time-dependent release of ENMs. The probabilistic SSD approach makes it possible to include all available data to estimate hazards of ENMs by considering the whole range of variability between studies and material types. The risk-assessment approach is therefore able to handle the uncertainty and variability associated with the collected data. The results of the present study provide a scientific foundation for risk-based regulatory decisions of the investigated ENMs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1387-1395. © 2018 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cheng YH, Riviere JE, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Lin Z. Probabilistic risk assessment of gold nanoparticles after intravenous administration by integrating in vitro and in vivo toxicity with physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:453-469. [PMID: 29658401 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1459922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to conduct an integrated and probabilistic risk assessment of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) based on recently published in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies coupled to a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. Dose-response relationships were characterized based on cell viability assays in various human cell types. A previously well-validated human PBPK model for AuNPs was applied to quantify internal concentrations in liver, kidney, skin, and venous plasma. By applying a Bayesian-based probabilistic risk assessment approach incorporating Monte Carlo simulation, probable human cell death fractions were characterized. Additionally, we implemented in vitro to in vivo and animal-to-human extrapolation approaches to independently estimate external exposure levels of AuNPs that cause minimal toxicity. Our results suggest that under the highest dosing level employed in existing animal studies (worst-case scenario), AuNPs coated with branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) would likely induce ∼90-100% cellular death, implying high cytotoxicity compared to <10% cell death induced by low-to-medium animal dosing levels, which are commonly used in animal studies. The estimated human equivalent doses associated with 5% cell death in liver and kidney were around 1 and 3 mg/kg, respectively. Based on points of departure reported in animal studies, the human equivalent dose estimates associated with gene expression changes and tissue cell apoptosis in liver were 0.005 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively. Our analyzes provide insights into safety evaluation, risk prediction, and point of departure estimation of AuNP exposure for humans and illustrate an approach that could be applied to other NPs when sufficient data are available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsien Cheng
- a Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kansas State University , Manhattan , KS , USA
| | - Jim E Riviere
- a Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kansas State University , Manhattan , KS , USA
| | - Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere
- b Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State (NICKS), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kansas State University , Manhattan , KS , USA
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- a Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kansas State University , Manhattan , KS , USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Metch JW, Burrows ND, Murphy CJ, Pruden A, Vikesland PJ. Metagenomic analysis of microbial communities yields insight into impacts of nanoparticle design. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 13:253-259. [PMID: 29335567 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-017-0029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation DNA sequencing and metagenomic analysis provide powerful tools for the environmentally friendly design of nanoparticles. Herein we demonstrate this approach using a model community of environmental microbes (that is, wastewater-activated sludge) dosed with gold nanoparticles of varying surface coatings and morphologies. Metagenomic analysis was highly sensitive in detecting the microbial community response to gold nanospheres and nanorods with either cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or polyacrylic acid surface coatings. We observed that the gold-nanoparticle morphology imposes a stronger force in shaping the microbial community structure than does the surface coating. Trends were consistent in terms of the compositions of both taxonomic and functional genes, which include antibiotic resistance genes, metal resistance genes and gene-transfer elements associated with cell stress that are relevant to public health. Given that nanoparticle morphology remained constant, the potential influence of gold dissolution was minimal. Surface coating governed the nanoparticle partitioning between the bioparticulate and aqueous phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob W Metch
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Nathan D Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Catherine J Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Amy Pruden
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Merrifield RC, Stephan C, Lead JR. Quantification of Au Nanoparticle Biouptake and Distribution to Freshwater Algae Using Single Cell - ICP-MS. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2271-2277. [PMID: 29400052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying metal and nanoparticle (NP) biouptake and distribution on an individual cellular basis has previously been impossible, given available techniques which provide qualitative data that are laborious to acquire and prone to artifacts. Quantifying metal and metal NP uptake and loss processes in environmental organisms will lead to mechanistic understanding of biouptake and improved understanding of potential hazards and risks of metals and NPs. In this work, we present a new technique, single cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SC-ICP-MS), which allows quantification of metal concentrations on an individual cell basis down to the attogram (ag) per cell level. We present data validating the novel method, along with the mass of metal per cell. Finally, we use SC-ICP-MS, with ancillary cell counting methods, to quantify the biouptake and strong sorption and distribution of both dissolved Au and Au NPs in a freshwater alga (Cyptomonas ovate). The data suggests differences between dissolved and NP uptake and loss. In the case of NPs, there was a dose and time dependent uptake, but individual cellular variations; at the highest realistic exposure conditions used in this study up to 40-50% of cells contained NPs, while 50-60% of cells did not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R C Merrifield
- Centre for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, University South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - C Stephan
- PerkinElmer , Woodbridge, Ontario L4L 8H1, Canada
| | - J R Lead
- Centre for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, University South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen G, Peijnenburg W, Xiao Y, Vijver MG. Current Knowledge on the Use of Computational Toxicology in Hazard Assessment of Metallic Engineered Nanomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071504. [PMID: 28704975 PMCID: PMC5535994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As listed by the European Chemicals Agency, the three elements in evaluating the hazards of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) include the integration and evaluation of toxicity data, categorization and labeling of ENMs, and derivation of hazard threshold levels for human health and the environment. Assessing the hazards of ENMs solely based on laboratory tests is time-consuming, resource intensive, and constrained by ethical considerations. The adoption of computational toxicology into this task has recently become a priority. Alternative approaches such as (quantitative) structure-activity relationships ((Q)SAR) and read-across are of significant help in predicting nanotoxicity and filling data gaps, and in classifying the hazards of ENMs to individual species. Thereupon, the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) approach is able to serve the establishment of ENM hazard thresholds sufficiently protecting the ecosystem. This article critically reviews the current knowledge on the development of in silico models in predicting and classifying the hazard of metallic ENMs, and the development of SSDs for metallic ENMs. Further discussion includes the significance of well-curated experimental datasets and the interpretation of toxicity mechanisms of metallic ENMs based on reported models. An outlook is also given on future directions of research in this frontier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Chen
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Willie Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Yinlong Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Merrifield RC, Stephan C, Lead J. Determining the Concentration Dependent Transformations of Ag Nanoparticles in Complex Media: Using SP-ICP-MS and Au@Ag Core-Shell Nanoparticles as Tracers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3206-3213. [PMID: 28248517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The fate, behavior, and impact of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in toxicological and environmental media are driven by complex processes which are difficult to quantify. A key limitation is the ability to perform measurements at low and environmentally relevant concentrations, since concentration may be a key factor determining fate and effects. Here, we use single particle inductively coupled mass spectroscopy (SP-ICP-MS) to measure directly NP diameter and particle number concentration of suspensions containing gold-silver core-shell (Au@Ag) NPs in EPA moderately hard water (MHW) and MHW containing 2.5 mg L-1 Suwannee River fulvic acid. The Au core of the Au@Ag NPs acts as an internal standard, and aids in the analysis of the complex Ag transformations. The high sensitivity of SP-ICP-MS, along with the Au@Ag NPs, enabled us to track the NP transformations in the range 0.01 and 50 μg L-1, without further sample preparation. On the basis of the analysis of both Au and Ag parameters (size, size distribution, and particle number), concentration was shown to be a key factor in NP behavior. At higher concentration, NPs were in an aggregation-dominated regime, while at the lower and environmentally representative concentrations, dissolution of Ag was dominant and aggregation was negligible. In addition, further formation of ionic silver as Ag NPs in the form of AgS or AgCl was shown to occur. Between 1 and 10 μg L-1, both aggregation and dissolution were important. The results suggest that, under realistic conditions, the role of NP homoaggregation may be minimal. In addition, the complexity of exposure and dose in dose-response relationships is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth C Merrifield
- CENR, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina United States
| | - Chady Stephan
- PerkinElmer , 501 Rowntree Dairy Road Unit 6, Woodbridge, Ontario L4L8H1, Canada
| | - Jamie Lead
- CENR, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Johnson ME, Hanna SK, Montoro Bustos AR, Sims CM, Elliott LCC, Lingayat A, Johnston AC, Nikoobakht B, Elliott JT, Holbrook RD, Scott KCK, Murphy KE, Petersen EJ, Yu LL, Nelson BC. Separation, Sizing, and Quantitation of Engineered Nanoparticles in an Organism Model Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Image Analysis. ACS NANO 2017; 11:526-540. [PMID: 27983787 PMCID: PMC5459480 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
For environmental studies assessing uptake of orally ingested engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), a key step in ensuring accurate quantification of ingested ENPs is efficient separation of the organism from ENPs that are either nonspecifically adsorbed to the organism and/or suspended in the dispersion following exposure. Here, we measure the uptake of 30 and 60 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, using a sucrose density gradient centrifugation protocol to remove noningested AuNPs. Both conventional inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and single particle (sp)ICP-MS are utilized to measure the total mass and size distribution, respectively, of ingested AuNPs. Scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) imaging confirmed that traditional nematode washing procedures were ineffective at removing excess suspended and/or adsorbed AuNPs after exposure. Water rinsing procedures had AuNP removal efficiencies ranging from 57 to 97% and 22 to 83%, while the sucrose density gradient procedure had removal efficiencies of 100 and 93 to 98%, respectively, for the 30 and 60 nm AuNP exposure conditions. Quantification of total Au uptake was performed following acidic digestion of nonexposed and Au-exposed nematodes, whereas an alkaline digestion procedure was optimized for the liberation of ingested AuNPs for spICP-MS characterization. Size distributions and particle number concentrations were determined for AuNPs ingested by nematodes with corresponding confirmation of nematode uptake via high-pressure freezing/freeze substitution resin preparation and large-area SEM imaging. Methods for the separation and in vivo quantification of ENPs in multicellular organisms will facilitate robust studies of ENP uptake, biotransformation, and hazard assessment in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique E Johnson
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Shannon K Hanna
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Antonio R Montoro Bustos
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Christopher M Sims
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Lindsay C C Elliott
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Akshay Lingayat
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Adrian C Johnston
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Babak Nikoobakht
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - John T Elliott
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - R David Holbrook
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Keana C K Scott
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Karen E Murphy
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Elijah J Petersen
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Lee L Yu
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Bryant C Nelson
- Chemical Science Division, ‡Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, and §Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nasser F, Davis A, Valsami-Jones E, Lynch I. Shape and Charge of Gold Nanomaterials Influence Survivorship, Oxidative Stress and Moulting of Daphnia magna. NANOMATERIALS 2016; 6:nano6120222. [PMID: 28335350 PMCID: PMC5302705 DOI: 10.3390/nano6120222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are materials with at least one dimension between 1–100 nm. The small size of ENMs results in a large surface area to volume ratio, giving ENMs novel characteristics that are not traditionally exhibited by larger bulk materials. Coupled with large surface area is an enormous capacity for surface functionalization of ENMs, e.g., with different ligands or surface changes, leading to an almost infinite array of variability of ENMs. Here we explore the effects of various shaped (spheres, rods) and charged (negative, positive) gold ENMs on Daphnia magna (D. magna) in terms of survival, ENM uptake and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a key factor in oxidative stress responses. We also investigate the effects of gold ENMs binding to the carapace of D. magna and how this may induce moulting inhibition in addition to toxicity and stress. The findings suggest that ENM shape and surface charge play an important role in determining ENM uptake and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Nasser
- School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Adam Davis
- School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Eugenia Valsami-Jones
- School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|