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Yang M, Guo K, Liu W, Fang X, Liu T. Coping Tendency as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Psychological Resilience and Health Problems Among College Students. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2619-2630. [PMID: 39006887 PMCID: PMC11244630 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s466150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The study aimed to explore the status of four common health problems (ie, smoking, internet addiction, physical inactivity, psychological disorder) among college students and analyze the relationship between psychological resilience, coping tendency and health problems. Participants and Methods The convenience sampling method was used to recruit 500 college students from four universities. The General Information Questionnaire, Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Health Risk Behavior Questionnaire were used for survey. Results Among the students, there were 71 smokers (15.4%) and 61 internet addicts (13.2%). Over a third of the students reported physical inactivity (35.9%) and a minority had psychological disorder (6.3%). The psychological resilience score differed between students who smoked, had internet addiction, physical inactivity, psychological disorder and those without these health-risk behaviors. Logistic regression analysis showed that negative coping tendency was the common contributing factor of physical inactivity, internet addiction and psychological disorder. Coping tendency played a partial mediating effect in the relationship between psychological resilience and health problems, with a mediating effect of 37.93%. Conclusion Psychological resilience can not only affect health problems directly but also influence health problems indirectly through coping tendency. Educators and administrators in universities can apply effective measures to improve psychological resilience and positive coping to prevent or reduce health problems among undergraduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Yang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Guo
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqing Fang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Al-Amer R, Dwekat E, Ali A, Abuzied Y, Alzahrani NS, Alhowaymel FM, Alharbi HF, Lapadula S, AlBashtawy M, Hussein MM, Randall S. Prevalence of stress and types of coping strategies among adolescents (14-18 years) in collectivist communities. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 77:e290-e297. [PMID: 38704328 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is highly prevalent among adolescents and might lead to maladaptive coping. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of stress and determined the types of coping strategies used by adolescents; and identified the predictors of stress levels among this cohort. The study recruited 1344 participants, aged 14 to 18 years, in schools. The study used the DASS-42 and the Brief COPE Inventory Scale for data collection. The findings of this study showed that more than two-thirds of adolescents suffer from stress, and moderate, severe, and extremely severe were 22.8%, 43.0%, and 16.8%, respectively. The most used coping behaviors among these adolescents were religious factors, with a Mean ± SD of (Mean 6.28 ± 1.16), followed by instrumental support (Mean 6.17 ± 1.18). The stress level has a significant negative correlation at (p < 0.001) with active coping (r = -0.183**), self-distraction (r = -0.190**), acceptance (r = -0.140**) and religion (r = -0.097**; P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that the whole model had R2 (0.232); p < 0.005 and shows that those aged 15 had an odd of 0.272 to develop stress more than those at 18. Fathers' and mothers' education levels strongly influenced adolescents' stress levels. Those with an income between <500 and 500-750 Jordanian Dinars had an odds ratio of 5.241 and 3.514 of developing stress, respectively, compared to their counterparts. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE This study highlights the significance of developing health intervention programs and counseling services for managing adolescents' psychological well-being and provides valuable insights for policymakers on addressing mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amira Ali
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Smouha, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Yacoub Abuzied
- Department of Nursing, Rehabilitation Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif S Alzahrani
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad M Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hanan F Alharbi
- Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Mohammed AlBashtawy
- Nursing Community Health, Prince Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al-Bayt University, Jordan.
| | | | - Sue Randall
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, Australia.
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Paul RW, Streicher S, Wallingford M, Campbell MP, Hanna AJ, Bryan S, Tjoumakaris FP, Freedman KB. Association Between Preoperative Patient Resilience and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Rotator Cuff Repair. Orthop J Sports Med 2024; 12:23259671241255400. [PMID: 38881854 PMCID: PMC11179476 DOI: 10.1177/23259671241255400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mental and emotional health can affect outcomes after orthopaedic surgery, and patient resilience has been found to be significantly related to postoperative functional outcomes. Purpose To evaluate the relationship between preoperative patient resilience and 2-year postoperative patient-reported outcomes after rotator cuff repair (RCR). It was hypothesized that patients with low preoperative resilience will have worse patient-reported outcomes at 2 years after RCR versus those with high resilience. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Patients who underwent primary arthroscopic RCR in 2020 at a single institution and completed the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) preoperatively were identified. Other inclusion criteria were American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores at the 2-year follow-up. Outcomes were compared in patients as divided into low resilience (BRS score >1 SD below the mean), normal resilience (BRS score ≤1 SD of the mean), and high resilience (BRS score >1 SD above the mean) groups. Results Overall, 100 patients (52 male, 48 female; mean age, 60 ± 9 years) were included in this study. Mean BRS scores did not change significantly from preoperative to 2-year follow-up (3.8 ± 0.7 vs 3.9 ± 0.8, P = .404). All patients had preoperative ASES scores. Low-resilience patients (n = 17) had significantly lower preoperative ASES scores compared with normal (n = 64) and high resilience (n = 19) patients (35 vs 42 vs 54, respectively; P = .022). There were no significant group differences in postoperative outcomes (revision rate, ASES score, ASES score improvement from preoperative to 2-year follow-up, or SANE score). Multivariate analysis indicated that preoperative resilience was not significantly associated with ASES score improvement (β estimate = -5.64, P = .150), while resilience at 2-year follow-up was significantly related to ASES score improvement (β estimate = 6.41, P = .031). Conclusion Patient-reported outcomes at 2-year follow-up did not differ based on preoperative patient resilience for arthroscopic RCR patients. Multivariate analysis also showed that preoperative resilience was not associated with improvement in ASES scores; however, resilience at 2-year follow-up was associated with ASES score improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Paul
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adeeb J Hanna
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sean Bryan
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Chen X, Chen R, Zhang L, Li Y. Positive Development Patterns in Left-Behind Adolescents: Do Resilience and Making Sense of Adversity Have Beneficial Effects? Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2121-2133. [PMID: 38807935 PMCID: PMC11131951 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s454385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Despite increased attention to the positive development of left-behind adolescents, research findings remain inconclusive. Utilizing latent profile analysis, we identified various positive development profiles among the left-behind adolescents and explored the association between resilience and positive development profiles, alongside the mediating role of making sense of adversity. Methods A multi-stage cluster sampling procedure was employed, randomly selecting four provinces-Zhejiang, Guangdong, Henan, and Jiangxi-from the central and coastal regions. The sample comprised 718 left-behind adolescents recruited from primary and junior high schools across grades 4, 5, 7, and 8. Three scales were utilized, and analyses included latent profile analysis and mediation analysis. Results Three latent subgroups of positive development among left-behind adolescents were identified: low, moderate, and high. Those with higher resilience and positive perceptions of adversity tended to belong to the high group rather than the low (β = -0.45, p < 0.001; β = -0.09, p < 0.001) or moderate group (β = -0.23, p < 0.001; β = -0.04, p < 0.05). Left-behind adolescents with higher negative perceptions of adversity tended to belong to the high group rather than the moderate group (β = -0.07, p < 0.01). Mediation analysis revealed that resilience facilitated the development of positive appraisals of adversity, subsequently increasing the likelihood of being categorized into the high (95% CI of -0.09 to -0.03) or moderate group (95% CI of -0.05 to -0.01) rather than the low group. Conclusion These findings hold significant implications for intervention formulation. Educators should focus on strengthening resilience and fostering positive perceptions of adversity among the low group. For the moderate group, maintaining moderate negative perceptions of adversity may stimulate the intrinsic potential for positive development more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Institute of Psychology & Behavior, Henan University, Kaifeng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru Chen
- School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- College of Education Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Li
- School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Bischops AC, Sieper L, Dukart J, Schaal NK, Reinauer C, Oommen PT, Tomoiaga C, David O, Mayatepek E, Meissner T. Resilience strengthening in youth with a chronic medical condition: a randomized controlled feasibility trial of a combined app and coaching program. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02395-w. [PMID: 38431540 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02395-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Youth with a chronic medical condition (CMC) are often affected by comorbid mental disorders. Resilience-strengthening interventions can protect youth's mental health, yet evidence-based programs remain scarce. To address this lack, this study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a dual approach combining app-based resilience training and cognitive behavioral group coaching. Fifty-one youths with CMC treated at a German university children's hospital aged 12-16 years were recruited. They were randomly assigned to a combined app game and coaching intervention or sole app gameplay. At pre-, post-intervention, and at a 2-month follow-up resilience, automatic negative thoughts and an app and coaching evaluation were assessed. Feasibility was defined as a recruitment rate of 70%, an 85% adherence rate for the REThink game, and 70% participation in both coaching sessions. Feasibility criteria were reached for coaching participation but not for recruitment or app adherence. While both the REThink game app and coaching intervention had high acceptance rates among youth with CMC, participants receiving additional coaching sessions showed higher satisfaction and adherence rates. Participants preferred remote to in-person meetings. The findings support a combination of a gamification app approach with online group coaching. Group coaching can improve adherence while online options increase accessibility. Future research should focus on testing in diverse participant samples, language, and age-adapted updates of the REThink game app. These findings provide guidance for increasing adherence in future intervention studies in youth with CMC cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Christine Bischops
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - L Sieper
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J Dukart
- Institute for Neurosciences and Medicine: Brain and Behavior (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - N K Schaal
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Reinauer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P T Oommen
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Tomoiaga
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - O David
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - E Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - T Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Sanphiboon T, Buathong N, Chootong R. Mental health and resilience quotient of patients in primary care units during the widespread COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand: a cross-sectional study. Biopsychosoc Med 2024; 18:7. [PMID: 38413937 PMCID: PMC10898006 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-023-00298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic impacted both the physical and mental health of individuals. The resilience quotient (RQ) is an important factor that decreases mental health problems. This study aimed to explore mental health problems and RQ in patients who visit Primary Care Units (PCU). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on participants aged 18 to 60 years who visited the PCU of Songklanagarind Hospital from May 1, 2022, to June 31, 2022. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on baseline characteristics and the Primary Care Assessment, Personal Resource Questionnaire, satisfaction with life scale, Thai RQ, PHQ-9, and GAD-7, and the results were analyzed by descriptive, logistic regression, and Spearman's rank correlation. RESULTS Among the 216 participants, 72.2% were female, and the median age was 39 (24,51) years old. Most of them had normal RQ levels (61.1%). Of these, 4.2% and 12.1% exhibited moderate to high levels of depression and anxiety, respectively. This study found that sex (OOR 1.93; 95% CI 1.01-3.74), age (OOR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.06), moderate and high social support levels (OOR 9.51; 95% CI 3.36-28.85), and a high life satisfaction level (OOR 4.67; 95%CI 1.75-13.25) were associated with RQ. Moreover, the results showed that ≥ 3 times visiting PCU (β 1.73; 95% CI 0.39-3.08), BMI (β 0.13; 95% CI 0.04-0.23) and experiencing stressful events (β 2.34; 95% CI 1.32-3.36) were positively associated with depression. Finally, experiencing stressful events (OR 4.1; 95% CI 1.09-15.47) significantly affected anxiety, however, moderate and high life satisfaction levels acted as a protective factor against anxiety (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.07-0.54 and OR 0.03; 95% CI 0.01-0.16, respectively). CONCLUSION Although there were a few patients with moderate to severe levels of depression and anxiety, most of them had normal RQ levels. However, there were some patients with low RQ levels which correlated to a high risk of psychiatric diseases such as depression and anxiety. Healthcare providers should focus on interventions that enhance resilience in both proactive and defensive strategies to reduce negative mental problems during these formidable times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyalak Sanphiboon
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Road, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Napakkawat Buathong
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Road, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
| | - Rattanaporn Chootong
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Road, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
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Katz C, Jacobson M, Priolo Filho SR, Goldfarb D, Liu J, Zibetti MR, Varela N, Attrash Najjar A, Bérubé A, Collin-Vézina D, Maguire-Jack K, Massarweh N, Munir A, Tiwari A, Wekerle C. Examining resilience among child protection professionals during COVID-19: A global comparison across 57 countries. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024:106659. [PMID: 38326165 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic led to numerous challenges for child protection professionals (CPPs). However, limited research has investigated the interwoven concepts of coping, resilience, and mental distress among CPPs during COVID-19 on a global scale. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore CPPs' practice, resilience, and mental distress during COVID-19, the relationship between their resilience and mental distress, the global stability of the Multi-System Model of Resilience (MSMR), and how CPPs' resilience varied according to the Human Development Index (HDI). METHODS Data were collected from 420 CPPs in 57 countries across five continents between July and September 2021. Participants completed an online questionnaire on demographics, resilience, mental distress, coping, and perceptions of child protection during the pandemic in their native languages. The analyses compared the countries grouped according to HDI using means comparisons, correlations, and multiple linear regressions. A two-path analysis was also performed to identify variables associated with behavioral resilience engagement and mental distress. RESULTS The findings indicated that CPPs' perceptions of COVID-19's impact on child maltreatment varied in correlation with their country's HDI. There were also significant HDI-based differences regarding the perceived opportunity to engage in resilient behavior and its helpfulness. Years of professional experience, internal resilience, and external resilience were shown to be significant predictors of mental distress among CPPs during the pandemic, and resilience mediated how years of experience predicted mental distress. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasized the importance of experience and internal resilience for CPPs' psychological well-being. It also provides empirical evidence to support the MSMR theory on a global scale. Additionally, it demonstrates how the perceived changes in child maltreatment during COVID-19 may be associated with regional HDI. Lastly, the opportunities CPPs had to engage in resilient behavior and how much this helped them was associated with regional HDI, but not in the way originally predicted. Study results also hold implications for how practice and policy may be altered to help CPPs cope better during times of crisis and generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmit Katz
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Ma'ayan Jacobson
- Haruv Institute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Sidnei R Priolo Filho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa, Prevenção e Intervenção em Psicologia Forense, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | | | - Jenny Liu
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada.
| | | | | | - Afnan Attrash Najjar
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Annie Bérubé
- The Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Canada.
| | - Delphine Collin-Vézina
- The Centre for Research on Children and Families, McGill University, Suite 106, Wilson Hall, 3506 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7, Canada.
| | - Kathryn Maguire-Jack
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 S. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | | | - Akhtar Munir
- Department of Social Work, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
| | - Ashwini Tiwari
- Augusta University, CJ2300 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912; USA.
| | - Christine Wekerle
- The Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W. - MIP 201A, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Mlouki I, Majdoub M, Hariz E, Silini A, Mrabet HE, Rezg N, El Mhamdi S. Gender differences in adverse childhood experiences, resilience and internet addiction among Tunisian students: Exploring the mediation effect. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002556. [PMID: 38236830 PMCID: PMC10795992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are a common public health issue with a variety of consequences, including behavioral addiction such as Internet Addiction (IA). Despite widespread recognition of this issue, the underlying mechanisms are not well studied in recent literature. Additionally, studies have indicated gender disparities in the prevalence and manifestation of ACEs and IA. The objective of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of resilience on the link between ACEs and IA among high-school students according to gender in Mahdia city (Tunisia). We conducted a cross-sectional survey for two months (January- February 2020), among 2520 schooled youth in Mahdia city (Tunisia). The Arabic-language edition of the World Health Organisation ACE questionnaire was used. The validated Arabic versions of the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale and the Internet Addiction Test were the screening tools for resilience and IA. Data were analyzed according to gender. The majority of youth (97.5%) were exposed to at least one ACE with the most prevalent being emotional neglect (83.2%). Exposure to extra-familial ACEs was also high reaching 86.9% with higher rates among boys for all types of social violence. Internet addiction was common among students (50%) with higher prevalence for boys (54.4% vs 47.7%for girls, p = 0.006). Resilience scores were86.43 ± 9.7 for girls vs 85.54 ± 9.79 for boys. The current study showed that resilience mediated the link between ACEs, especially intrafamilial violence, and internet addiction (%mediated = 15.1). According to gender, resilience had a significant mediating role on internet addiction for girls (%mediated = 17) and no significant role for boys. The mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between ACEs and cyberaddiction among schooled adolescents in the region of Mahdia (Tunisia) has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Mlouki
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Epidemiology Applied to Maternal and Child Health” 12SP17, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Majdoub
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Emna Hariz
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Silini
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | | | - Nejla Rezg
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Sana El Mhamdi
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Epidemiology Applied to Maternal and Child Health” 12SP17, Monastir, Tunisia
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Bandeira M, Graham MA, Ebersöhn L. The significance of feeling safe for resilience of adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1183748. [PMID: 37663363 PMCID: PMC10469746 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1183748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are exposed to several challenges and risk factors, linked to historical legacies. Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the highest rates of poverty and inequality in the world, is one of the regions most negatively affected by climate change, performs poorly on many health measures, and has high rates of different forms of violence, especially gender-based violence. These contextual challenges impact adolescent mental health outcomes, preventing them to access resilience-enabling pathways that support positive outcomes despite adversity. This study aimed to contribute to knowledge generation on resilience of young people in the understudied SSA region by investigating which variables directly (or indirectly) affect the resilience of adolescents. Methods Purposive sampling was used to collect quantitative survey data from 3,312 adolescents (females = 1,818; males = 1,494) between the ages of 12 and 20 years, participating in interventions implemented by a non-governmental organization, the Regional Psychosocial Support Initiative. Data were collected in Angola (385, 11.6%), Eswatini (128, 3.9%), Kenya (390, 11.8%), Lesotho (349, 10.5%), Mozambique (478, 14.4%), Namibia (296, 8.9%), South Africa (771, 23.3%), Uganda (201, 6.1%), and Zambia (314, 9.5%). The survey collected data on socio-demographic status, resilience (CYRM-R), depression (PHQ-9), self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale) and feelings of safety (self-developed scale). Mental health was defined as lower levels of depression, higher levels of self-esteem and higher levels of feeling safe. A mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between the predictors (the socio-demographic variables) and the output (resilience), with the mediators being depression, self-esteem and feeling safe (which all link to mental health). Results This study contributes to a gap in knowledge on country-level comparative evidence on significant predictors that impact resilience outcomes (directly or indirectly) for adolescents in sub-Saharan African countries. The results indicate that, when considering all countries collectively, feeling safe is the only predictor that has a significant direct effect on overall resilience and personal resilience, but not on caregiver resilience. When considering each country separately, feeling safe has a direct effect on overall, personal and caregiver resilience for all countries; but not for South Africa and Mozambique. Discussion The results provide evidence on which to craft youth development interventions by measuring mediators (depression, self-esteem and feeling safe) and resilience for adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. The overall results of the present paper point toward a contextually relevant pathway to supporting their resilience, namely, the need to systemically target the creation and/or strengthening of structures that enable adolescents to feel safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Bandeira
- Centre for the Study of Resilience and Department of Educational Psychology University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Marien A. Graham
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Liesel Ebersöhn
- Centre for the Study of Resilience and Department of Educational Psychology University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Wong LP, Farid NDN, Alias H, Yusop SM, Musa Z, Hu Z, Lin Y. COVID-19 responses and coping in young Malaysians from low-income families. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1165023. [PMID: 37255690 PMCID: PMC10225688 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1165023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to shed light on how young people from low-income families were responding to COVID-19. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited young people aged between 18 and 24 years from the low-income-group communities. A convenience sampling approach was used. Google Surveys were used to gather data from the survey. The questionnaire consisted of an assessment of demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, parent-youth conflict (Parental Environment Questionnaire, PEQ), resilient coping (Brief Resilient Coping Scale, BRCS), and psychological distress (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-short form, DASS-21). Results A total of 561 complete responses were received. The results showed a low level of parent-child conflict in the overall study population, with a median PEQ of 48.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 36-48]. Higher parent-child conflicts were found in females than in males (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.19-2.57) and in youth from households with an income below MYR 2000 than those earning MYR 3,001-5,000 (OR = 4.39, 95% CI 2.40-8.03). A low prevalence of depression (12.5%), anxiety (15.2%), and stress (6.4%) was found. Parent-child conflict remains the strongest significant predictor for higher levels of depression (OR = 10.90, 95% CI 4.31-27.57), anxiety (OR = 11.92, 95% CI 5.05-28.14), and stress (OR = 4.79, 95% CI 1.41-16.33) symptoms. Poor resilient coping was the second strongest predictor for depression and anxiety symptoms. Regarding lifestyle factors, a lower level of physical exercise was associated with higher symptoms of depression. By demographics, females reported more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety than males. Young people from low-income households reported greater severity in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress than those from high-income households. Young people who are employed also reported greater severity of anxiety symptoms than those who are unemployed. Discussion The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have an unpredictable impact on the lives of vulnerable youth in low-income families that warrants attention in future advocacy efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ping Wong
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nik Daliana Nik Farid
- Centre for Population Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Haridah Alias
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sofia Md Yusop
- National Population and Family Development Board [Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara (LPPKN)], Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zuhrah Musa
- National Population and Family Development Board [Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara (LPPKN)], Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zhijian Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Mendes R, Baccon WC, Laranjeira C. Fear of COVID-19, Mental Health and Resilient Coping in Young Adult Male Inmates: A Portuguese Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085510. [PMID: 37107792 PMCID: PMC10138818 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Inmates are highly exposed to mental and physical disorders. Therefore, periodic screening of their mental health and other health risks is required. This study aims to investigate the perceived fear of COVID-19 and the psychological impact of the pandemic in a sample of young adult male inmates. An institutional-based quantitative cross-sectional study design was performed. Data collection took place from July to September 2022 at a juvenile prison in the central region of Portugal. Data were collected using questionnaires on demographic and health characteristics; fear of COVID-19; depression, anxiety and stress levels; and resilient coping. The sample included 60 male inmates imprisoned for over 2 years. Stress was the most common symptom among inmates (75%), followed by anxiety (38.3%) and depression (36.7%). The mean score on the Fear of COVID-19 Scale was 17.38 ± 4.80, indicating relatively low fear levels. Low resilient scores were found in 38 participants (63.3%). Participants reported moderately high ranges of 3.62 ± 0.87 regarding mental health perception, 3.73 ± 0.95 for physical health perception, and 3.27 ± 0.82 for global health concerning the previous month. The Pearson correlation matrix indicated significant and moderate to strong correlations between fear of COVID-19 and mental health-related variables (p < 0.001). The predicting factors of fear of COVID-19 were identified by deploying a multiple linear regression model. We found four predictors: age, perception of mental health, and overall levels of anxiety and stress (R2 = 0.497). Fear of a given scenario or factor may shift with time. Therefore, long-term research is needed to evaluate whether fear of COVID-19 is adaptive or long-reactive in victims. Our study can assist policymakers, mental health and public health experts, and others in recognizing and managing pandemic-related fears and mental health symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Mendes
- Estabelecimento Prisional de Leiria, Avenida da Comunidade Europeia, No 1-Apartado 460, 2410-755 Leiria, Portugal
- School of Health Sciences of Polytechnic, University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Wanessa Cristina Baccon
- Postgraduate Nursing Program, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790-Zona 7, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Laranjeira
- School of Health Sciences of Polytechnic, University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Rua de Santo André—66–68, Campus 5, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000-801 Évora, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Dallas JC, Jullamate P, Vatanasin D, Moungkum S, Nadarajan S, Krungkraipetch N. Resilience and Influencing Factors Among Youths Undergoing Substance Abuse Treatment in Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231157986. [PMID: 36824319 PMCID: PMC9941599 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231157986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Resilience aids rapid recovery from substance abuse, prevents the likelihood of relapse, and improves the quality of life of the youths with substance abuse. Objective This study aimed to assess the resilience level and related factors predicting resilience among youths undergoing substance abuse treatment in Thailand. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design with a simple random sampling technique was used. A total of 430 young substance abusers undergoing treatment were recruited from ten treatment centers in Eastern Thailand from April to June 2021. Data were collected using nine questionnaires: demographic form, resilience questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire, psychological flexibility for substance abuser questionnaire, cognitive fusion questionnaire, substance abuse self-stigma scale, family connectedness scale, friendship intimacy questionnaire, and personal resource questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze data. Results The results showed a high level of resilience (89.30%) among the youths undergoing substance abuse treatment. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the significant factors associated with resilience include self-esteem (β = 0.260, p < .001), psychological flexibility (β = 0.222, p < .001), social support (β = 0.209, p < .000), and family connectedness (β = -0.194, p < .001). All the variables collectively explained 26.9% of the variance for resilience among the youths with substance abuse (R 2 = .269, p < .001). Conclusion Determining resilience and its related factors among the youths undergoing substance abuse treatment is significant as it guides the formulation of the substance abuse treatment programs, improves mental health and quality of life, and prevents relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjutha Chaisena Dallas
- Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand,Jinjutha Chaisena Dallas, Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, No. 169 Long Hard Bangsaen Road, Tambon Saensook, Amphur Muang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand.
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Aghebati A, Javaherirenani R, Amin R, Pazhooyan M, Farahani H, Ahadianfard P. Psychometric properties of Persian version of child and youth resilience measure‐revised in adolescents. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Aghebati
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Razieh Javaherirenani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Razieh Amin
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mahdiye Pazhooyan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hojjatollah Farahani
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Pantea Ahadianfard
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Guthold R, Carvajal-Velez L, Adebayo E, Azzopardi P, Baltag V, Dastgiri S, Dua T, Fagan L, Ferguson BJ, Inchley JC, Mekuria ML, Moller AB, Servili C, Requejo J. The Importance of Mental Health Measurement to Improve Global Adolescent Health. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:S3-S6. [PMID: 36229397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Guthold
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Liliana Carvajal-Velez
- Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, Data and Analytics Section, UNICEF, New York, New York; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emmanuel Adebayo
- Adolescent Health Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Peter Azzopardi
- Global Adolescent Health Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Valentina Baltag
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Saeed Dastgiri
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tarun Dua
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucy Fagan
- UN Major Group for Children and Youth, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joanna C Inchley
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Million L Mekuria
- Technical Division, Sexual and Reproductive Health Branch, UNFPA, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ann-Beth Moller
- UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Servili
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Requejo
- Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, Data and Analytics Section, UNICEF, New York, New York
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Karibwende F, Niyonsenga J, Nyirinkwaya S, Hitayezu I, Sebuhoro C, Simeon Sebatukura G, Marie Ntete J, Mutabaruka J. A randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of narrative therapy on resilience of orphaned and abandoned children fostered in SOS children's village. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2152111. [PMID: 38872597 PMCID: PMC9744212 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2022.2152111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Narrative Therapy is an efficacious treatment approach widely practiced for various psychological conditions. However, few studies have examined its effectiveness on resilience, a robust determinant of one's mental health, and there has been no randomized controlled trial in sub-Saharan Africa.Objective: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of narrative therapy for the resilience of orphaned and abandoned children in Rwanda.Method: This study was a 'parallel randomized controlled trial' in which participants (n = 72) were recruited from SOS Children's Village. Half of the participants (n = 36) were randomly allocated to the intervention group and the rest to the delayed narrative therapy group. For the intervention group, children attended ten sessions (55 min each) over 2.5 months. Data were collected using the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM) and analyzed using mixed ANOVA within SPSS version 28.Result: The results from ANOVA indicated a significant main effect of time and group for resilience total scores. Of interest, there was a significant time by group interaction effect for resilience. Pairwise comparison analyses within-group showed a significant increase in resilience in the intervention group, and the effect size was relatively large in this group.Conclusion: Our findings highlight the notable efficacy of narrative therapy for children's resilience in the intervention group. Therefore, health professionals and organizations working with orphaned and abandoned children will apply narrative therapy to strengthen their resilience and improve mental health.Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry identifier: PACTR202107499406828..
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Affiliation(s)
- Francoise Karibwende
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Japhet Niyonsenga
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Mental Health & Behaviour Research Group, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | | | - Celestin Sebuhoro
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Gitimbwa Simeon Sebatukura
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Jeanne Marie Ntete
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Jean Mutabaruka
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
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Surzykiewicz J, Skalski SB, Niesiobędzka M, Konaszewski K. Exploring the mediating effects of negative and positive religious coping between resilience and mental well-being. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:954382. [DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.954382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:The purpose of the study was to examine more thoroughly the relationship between trait resilience and mental well-being. Although research demonstrates that this relationship is partially mediated by stress-related variables, no study has taken into account the mediating role of religious coping. We examined the mediating role of both variants of religious coping, positive and negative, along with specific strategies within the scope of religious coping strategies in a group of practicing Catholics.Method:Participants were 317 people aged 19–60 years (M = 24.34; SD = 6.30). The respondents indicated their gender and age, and then completed the RS-14 (trait resilience), RCOPE (religious coping), and WEMWBS (mental well-being) scales.Results:The results displayed a significant relationship between resilience and mental well-being (r = 0.67; p < 0.001). The relationship between resilience and positive religious coping was negligible (r = 0.09; p = 0.74), contrary to the relationship between resilience and negative coping that was significant but weak (r = −0.29; p < 0.001). Although the relationships between overall negative and positive religious coping with mental well-being were irrelevant, we found significant relationships between some strategies and mental well-being. The mediation analysis has demonstrated that the general negative religious coping and the strategies of demonic reappraisal, passive religious deferral, and spiritual discontent have enhanced the positive relationship between resilience and mental well-being. Contrary to expectation, positive strategies did not mediate the relationship between resilience and mental well-being, except religious practices (c′path totaled β = 0.66; t = 15.74, p < 0.001). The insignificant mediation effect can stem from the fact that the relationship between positive religious coping and stress is noticeable only in the long term. We controlled age and sex as statistically significant covariates so that the mediation effects obtained were devoid of the influence of those critical variables on the models.Conclusion:This is the first study to investigate the role of religious coping as a mediator in the relationship between resilience and mental well-being.
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Colomeischi AA, Ursu A, Bogdan I, Ionescu-Corbu A, Bondor R, Conte E. Social and Emotional Learning and Internalizing Problems among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Resilience. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091326. [PMID: 36138635 PMCID: PMC9497880 DOI: 10.3390/children9091326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The high rates of mental disorders in adolescence presented in the literature often exclude internalizing problems. Although there is extensive data on the effectiveness of SEL skills in improving resilience, few studies included evidence in their reports on the relationship between SEL skills and internalizing problems. The present study aims to deepen the understanding of the relationship between SEL, resilience, and internalizing problems, by investigating the mediating effect of resilience between SEL components and internalizing problems. (2) Methods: Adolescents (N = 968 adolescents, aged between 11 and 18 years old; M = 13.30; SD = 1.92) from 30 schools from the NE region of Romania were invited to fill out questionnaires on social and emotional learning, internalizing problems, and resilience. (3) Results: The results show that resilience mediates the link between self-awareness and internalizing problems, between self-management and internalizing problems, between relationship skills and internalizing problems, and between responsible decision-making and internalizing problems. (4) Conclusions: These findings revealed the need for social and emotional learning interventions that include resilience-oriented approaches in order to decrease internalizing problems in adolescents. Moreover, we suggest that more culturally appropriate interventions are required to better investigate the interaction between SEL components, resilience, and internalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Adina Colomeischi
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-(74)-4520373
| | - Andreea Ursu
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Ionela Bogdan
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Alina Ionescu-Corbu
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Romina Bondor
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Elisabetta Conte
- “Riccardo Massa” Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
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Unmet Health Needs among Young Adults with Cerebral Palsy in Ireland: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164847. [PMID: 36013083 PMCID: PMC9410409 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Data describing the unmet health needs of young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) may support the development of appropriate health services. This study aimed to describe unmet health needs among young adults with CP in Ireland and examine if these differed between young adults who were and were not yet discharged from children’s services. In this cross-sectional study, young adults with CP aged 16–22 years completed a questionnaire assessing unmet health needs. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between discharge status and unmet health needs. Seventy-five young adults (mean age 18.4 yr; 41% female; 60% in GMFCS levels I-III) were included in the study. Forty (53%) had been discharged from children’s services. Unmet health need, as a proportion of those with needs, was highest for speech (0.64), followed by epilepsy (0.50) and equipment, mobility, control of movement and bone or joint problems (0.39 or 0.38). After adjusting for ambulatory status, unmet health needs did not differ according to discharge status. The proportion of young adults with unmet health needs highlights the importance of taking a life-course approach to CP and providing appropriate services to people with CP regardless of age.
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Biswas B, Kumar P, Ahmad S, Sachan N, Singh C, Ramalingam A, Das KM. Resilience level, its determinants and its effect on psychological well-being: A cross-sectional evaluation among school-going adolescents of Patna, Bihar, India. Niger Postgrad Med J 2022; 29:29-35. [PMID: 35102947 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_724_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Adolescents with higher resilience levels are reported to be less vulnerable to psychological illnesses. The study examined resilience level, its determinants and its effect on psychological well-being among school-going adolescents of Patna, Bihar, India. Methods Adopting cross-sectional design we examined resilience levels among the study participants reading in the sixth, seventh and eighth standards of selected schools of Patna district using the Child Youth Resilience Measure-Revised questionnaire during March 2021. Psychological well-being was assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Data of in total 468 enrolled participants were analysed using SPSS 22.0. Results The mean resilience score was observed to be 62.4 ± 8.8. In multiple linear regression analysis using backward method; increasing age (unstandardised beta [β]: 0.564, standard error [SE]: 0.271, P: 0.038), male gender (β: 2.753, SE: 0.775, P < 0.001), high per capita monthly family income (≥18 USD [median]) (β: 1.829, SE: 0.743, P: 0.014), academic satisfaction (β: 2.003, SE: 0.962, P: 0.038), no history of abuse (physical or mental) in the past 30 days (β: 2.752, SE: 1.220, P: 0.025) and increasing self-esteem score (measured by Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale) (β: 0.808, SE: 0.098, P: < 0.001) were found to be positive determinants of the total resilience level. Resilience was found to be positively correlated with psychological well-being (spearman rho correlation co-efficient [ρ]: 0.363, P < 0.001). Conclusions Abuse, academic satisfaction and self-esteem were the modifiable determinates of resilience that could be elucidated in this investigation. Resilience level positively influenced psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijit Biswas
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pragya Kumar
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Shamshad Ahmad
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Neha Sachan
- Department of Community Medicine, UNS Autonomous State Medical College, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandramani Singh
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Anuvarshini Ramalingam
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Kumar M Das
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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Graham CT, Shepherd HA, Galea O, Kopala-Sibley DC, Emery CA, Yeates KO. Is psychological resilience associated with changes in youth sport participants' health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic? J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2022; 34:30-41. [PMID: 38504644 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2023.2277759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated the quality of life of youth sport participants over the COVID-19 pandemic as moderated by psychological resilience.Methods: Participants included 93 high school sport participants (53.76% female, mean age = 15.59 ± 0.74) in a three-year longitudinal cohort study (SHRed Concussions) who completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Pediatric Quality of Life Scale (PedsQL), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at Year 1 (pre-pandemic, 2019-2020) and Year 2 (pandemic, 2020-2021). Change in quality of life and mental health symptoms from Year 1 to Year 2 was examined using paired t-tests and Year 1 resilience was examined as a predictor of Year 2 quality of life and mental health symptoms using linear regression.Results: Among participants with Year 1 scores before the pandemic onset, mean PedsQL (n = 74, t = -0.26 [-2.63, 2.03], p = 0.80) and SDQ (n = 74, t = 0.030 [-0.90, 0.93], p = 0.98) scores did not significantly change between Year 1 and Year 2. In unadjusted analyses, Year 1 CD-RISC scores were positively associated with predicted Year 2 PedsQL scores when Year 1 scores were controlled (β = 0.31 [0.0062, 0.61], ΔR2 = 0.02) but not with residual change in SDQ scores (β = 0.035 [-0.11, 0.18], ΔR2 = 0.001).Conclusions: Quality of life did not change significantly after the pandemic onset, and resilience was modestly protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn T Graham
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Heather A Shepherd
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Olivia Galea
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
- The Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Daniel C Kopala-Sibley
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Canada
| | - Carolyn A Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Keith Owen Yeates
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada
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Mesman E, Vreeker A, Hillegers M. Resilience and mental health in children and adolescents: an update of the recent literature and future directions. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2021; 34:586-592. [PMID: 34433193 PMCID: PMC8500371 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In order to promote optimal development of children and adolescents at risk for psychiatric disorders, a better understanding of the concept resilience is crucial. Here, we provide an overview of recent work on clinical and epidemiological correlates of resilience and mental health in children and adolescents. RECENT FINDINGS Our systematic literature search revealed 25 studies that unanimously show that higher levels of resilience are related to fewer mental health problems, despite the heterogeneity of study populations and instruments. Correlates of resilience included multisystem factors, such as social, cultural, family and individual aspects, which is in line with the multisystem approach as described by recent resilience theories. Longitudinal studies are scarce but confirm the dynamical character of resilience and mental health. The application of longitudinal studies and innovative measurement techniques will improve our understanding on the cascade effects of stressors on resilience and mental health outcomes. SUMMARY Resilience is strongly associated with mental health in children and adolescents and deserves a more prominent role in research, prevention programs and routine clinical care. Including social, cultural and family context in the evaluation of resilience is of great value, as this can identify targets for early and preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Mesman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Okpako EK, Lawrence KC, Falaye AO. The state of psychological wellbeing of unemployed distinction graduates and the factors contributory to their wellbeing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2021.1963294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest K. Okpako
- Department Of Guidance And Counselling, University Of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde Clement Lawrence
- Department Of Educational Psychology And Special Education, University Of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
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