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Cadman T, Strandberg-Larsen K, Calas L, Christiansen M, Culpin I, Dadvand P, de Castro M, Foraster M, Fossati S, Guxens M, Harris JR, Hillegers M, Jaddoe V, Lee Y, Lepeule J, El Marroun H, Maule M, McEachen R, Moccia C, Nader J, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Nybo Andersen AM, Pearson R, Swertz M, Vafeiadi M, Vrijheid M, Wright J, Lawlor DA, Pedersen M. Urban environment in pregnancy and postpartum depression: An individual participant data meta-analysis of 12 European birth cohorts. Environment International 2024; 185:108453. [PMID: 38368715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban environmental exposures associate with adult depression, but it is unclear whether they are associated to postpartum depression (PPD). OBJECTIVES We investigated associations between urban environment exposures during pregnancy and PPD. METHODS We included women with singleton deliveries to liveborn children from 12 European birth cohorts (N with minimum one exposure = 30,772, analysis N range 17,686-30,716 depending on exposure; representing 26-46 % of the 66,825 eligible women). We estimated maternal exposure during pregnancy to ambient air pollution with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), road traffic noise (Lden), natural spaces (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI, proximity to major green or blue spaces) and built environment (population density, facility richness and walkability). Maternal PPD was assessed 3-18 months after birth using self-completed questionnaires. We used adjusted logistic regression models to estimate cohort-specific associations between each exposure and PPD and combined results via meta-analysis using DataSHIELD. RESULTS Of the 30,772 women included, 3,078 (10 %) reported having PPD. Exposure to PM10 was associated with slightly increased odds of PPD (adjusted odd ratios (OR) of 1.08 [95 % Confidence Intervals (CI): 0.99, 1.17] per inter quartile range increment of PM10) whilst associations for exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 were close to null. Exposure to high levels of road traffic noise (≥65 dB vs. < 65 dB) was associated with an OR of 1.12 [CI: 0.95, 1.32]. Associations between green spaces and PPD were close to null; whilst proximity to major blue spaces was associated with increased risk of PPD (OR 1.12, 95 %CI: 1.00, 1.26). All associations between built environment and PPD were close to null. Multiple exposure models showed similar results. DISCUSSION The study findings suggest that exposure to PM10, road traffic noise and blue spaces in pregnancy may increase PPD risk, however future studies should explore this causally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Cadman
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
| | - Katrine Strandberg-Larsen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lucinda Calas
- Inserm, UMR1153 Center for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Early Life Research on Later Health Team (EARoH), Paris, France
| | - Malina Christiansen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iryna Culpin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Payam Dadvand
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Foraster
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Serena Fossati
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer R Harris
- Center for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Olso, Norway
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Jaddoe
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yunsung Lee
- Center for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Olso, Norway
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- Université Grenoble Alpes INSERM CNRS Institute for Advanced Biosciences Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Milena Maule
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosie McEachen
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Moccia
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Johanna Nader
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Pearson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Manchester Metropolitan University, All Saints Building, All Saints, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Morris Swertz
- Genomics Coordination Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Pedersen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bracké K, Steegers C, van der Harst T, Pons R, Legerstee J, Dierckx B, de Nijs P, Bax-van Berkel M, van Elburg A, Hekkelaan M, Hokke J, de Jong-Zuidema H, Korthals Altes L, Lengton-van der Spil F, Luijkx J, Schuurmans F, Smeets C, van Wijk L, Woltering C, Vernooij M, Hillegers M, White T, Dieleman G. The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorder features and comorbid psychopathology among adolescents with anorexia nervosa and matched controls: a comparative cohort design study. Eat Weight Disord 2024; 29:13. [PMID: 38347293 PMCID: PMC10861646 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorder (ED) features and psychopathology in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). METHOD In total 79 females with first-onset AN (aged 12-22 years) were included and were followed up across a period of 1 year. We assessed AN participants recruited pre-pandemic (n = 49) to those recruited peri-pandemic (n = 30). Pre- (n = 37) and peri-pandemic (n = 38) age-, and education-matched typically developing (TD) girls (n = 75) were used as a reference cohort. ED features and psychopathology were assessed at baseline. After 1 year of follow-up the association between pandemic timing and clinical course was assessed. Analyses of covariance were used to examine differences in ED features and psychopathology. RESULTS Peri-pandemic AN participants experienced less ED symptoms at baseline compared to pre-pandemic AN participants. In particular, they were less dissatisfied with their body shape, and experienced less interpersonal insecurity. In addition, the peri-pandemic AN group met fewer DSM-IV criteria for comorbid disorders, especially anxiety disorders. In contrast, peri-pandemic AN participants had a smaller BMI increase over time. In TD girls, there were no differences at baseline in ED features and psychopathology between the pre- and peri-pandemic group. CONCLUSION Overall, peri-pandemic AN participants were less severely ill, compared to pre-pandemic AN participants, which may be explained by less social pressure and peer contact, and a more protective parenting style during the pandemic. Conversely, peri-pandemic AN participants had a less favorable clinical course, which may be explained by reduced access to health care facilities during the pandemic. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Bracké
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne Steegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tess van der Harst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rozemarijn Pons
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Legerstee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Dierckx
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter de Nijs
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annemarie van Elburg
- Altrecht-Rintveld, Mental Health Care Organisation for Eating Disorders, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Hekkelaan
- Department of Pediatrics, Het Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Joke Hokke
- Emergis-Ithaka, Mental Health Care Organisation for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kloetinge, The Netherlands
| | - Hetty de Jong-Zuidema
- GGZ Delfland, Mental Health Care Organisation for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Korthals Altes
- LUMC-Curium, Mental Health Care Organisation for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Farida Lengton-van der Spil
- Department for Eating Disorders, Emergis, Organisation for Mental Health and Well-Being, Goes, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Luijkx
- GGZ Westelijk Noord Brabant, Mental Health Care Organisation for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Roosendaal and Bergen Op Zoom, Bergen Op Zoom, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Schuurmans
- Department of Pediatrics, The Bravis Hospital, Bergen Op Zoom, The Netherlands
| | - Carien Smeets
- Department of Pediatrics, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Lia van Wijk
- Department of Pediatrics, Franciscus Gasthuis en Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Woltering
- Department of Pediatrics, Het Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Meike Vernooij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Section on Social and Cognitive Developmental Neuroscience, National Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gwen Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Setiaman N, Mesman E, van Haren N, Hillegers M. Emerging psychopathology and clinical staging in adolescent offspring of parents with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia-A longitudinal study. Bipolar Disord 2024; 26:58-70. [PMID: 37328951 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (BDo) and schizophrenia (SZo) are at increased risk for these disorders and general psychopathology. Little is known about their (dis)similarities in risk and developmental trajectories during adolescence. A clinical staging approach may help define the developmental course of illness. METHODS The Dutch Bipolar and Schizophrenia Offspring Study is a unique cross-disorder and prospective cohort study, established in 2010. In total, 208 offspring (58 SZo, 94 BDo, and 56 control offspring [Co]) and their parents participated. Offspring were 13.2 years (SD = 2.5; range: 8-18 years) at baseline and 17.1 years (SD = 2.7) at follow-up (88.5% retention rate). Psychopathology was assessed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children Present and Lifetime Version, and Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment parent-, self- and teacher-reports. Groups were compared on (1) the presence of categorical psychopathology, (2) timing and development of psychopathology using a clinical staging perspective, and (3) dimensional psychopathology using a multi-informant approach. RESULTS SZo and BDo showed more categorical psychopathology and (sub)clinical symptoms, as compared to Co. SZo have, compared to BDo, an increased risk for developmental disorders, a younger age of onset, and more (sub)clinical symptoms of the mood and behavioral spectrum as reported by multiple informants. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that the phenotypical risk profile overlaps between SZo and BDo, although an earlier onset of developmental psychopathology was found specifically in SZo, suggesting of a potentially different ethiopathophysiology. Longer follow-up and future studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Setiaman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Mesman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje van Haren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Suleri A, Rommel AS, Neumann A, Luo M, Hillegers M, de Witte L, Bergink V, Cecil CAM. Exposure to prenatal infection and the development of internalizing and externalizing problems in children: a longitudinal population-based study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023. [PMID: 38158849 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large body of work has reported a link between prenatal exposure to infection and increased psychiatric risk in offspring. However, studies to date have focused primarily on exposure to severe prenatal infections and/or individual psychiatric diagnoses in clinical samples, typically measured at single time points, and without accounting for important genetic and environmental confounders. In this study, we investigated whether exposure to common infections during pregnancy is prospectively associated with repeatedly assessed child psychiatric symptoms in a large population-based study. METHODS Our study was embedded in a prospective pregnancy cohort (Generation R; n = 3,598 mother-child dyads). We constructed a comprehensive prenatal infection score comprising common infections for each trimester of pregnancy. Child total, internalizing, and externalizing problems were assessed repeatedly using the parent-rated Child Behavioral Checklist (average age: 1.5, 3, 6, 10, and 14 years). Linear mixed-effects models were run adjusting for a range of confounders, including child polygenic scores for psychopathology, maternal chronic illness, birth complications, and infections during childhood. We also investigated trimester-specific effects and child sex as a potential moderator. RESULTS Prenatal exposure to infections was associated with higher child total, internalizing, and externalizing problems, showing temporally persistent effects, even after adjusting for important genetic and environmental confounders. We found no evidence that prenatal infections were associated with changes in child psychiatric symptoms over time. Moreover, in our trimester-specific analysis, we did not find evidence of significant timing effects of prenatal infection on child psychiatric symptoms. No interactions with child sex were identified. CONCLUSIONS Our research adds to evidence that common prenatal infections may be a risk factor for psychiatric symptoms in children. We also extend previous findings by showing that these associations are present early on, and that rather than changing over time, they persist into adolescence. However, unmeasured confounding may still explain in part these associations. In the future, employing more advanced causal inference designs will be crucial to establishing the degree to which these effects are causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Suleri
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna-Sophie Rommel
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Neumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mannan Luo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lotje de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Veerle Bergink
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte A M Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Koc D, Tiemeier H, Stricker BH, Muetzel RL, Hillegers M, El Marroun H. Prenatal Antidepressant Exposure and Offspring Brain Morphologic Trajectory. JAMA Psychiatry 2023; 80:1208-1217. [PMID: 37647036 PMCID: PMC10469300 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.3161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Importance Clinical decision-making on antidepressant treatment during pregnancy, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), is challenging, as both prenatal SSRI exposure and maternal depressive symptoms may be associated with negative outcomes in offspring. Objective To investigate the association between intrauterine SSRI exposure and maternal depressive symptoms and structural brain development in offspring from mid-childhood to early puberty. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective, population-based cohort study was embedded in the Generation R Study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. All pregnant individuals with an expected delivery date between April 1, 2002, and January 31, 2006, were invited to participate. Data were analyzed from February 1 to September 30, 2022. Exposure Maternal-reported SSRI use verified by pharmacy records. In mid-pregnancy and 2 and 6 months after delivery, participants reported depressive symptoms using the Brief Symptom Inventory and were divided into 5 groups: SSRI use during pregnancy (n = 41; 80 scans), SSRI use only before pregnancy (n = 77; 126 scans), prenatal depressive symptoms without prenatal SSRI use (n = 257; 477 scans), postnatal depressive symptoms only (n = 74; 128 scans), and nonexposed control individuals (n = 2749; 4813 scans). Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was brain morphometry in offspring, including global and cortical brain volumes, measured at 3 magnetic resonance imaging assessments from 7 to 15 years of age. Results The study included 3198 mother-child dyads. A total of 3198 mothers (100%) identified as women; mean (SD) age at intake was 31.1 (4.7) years. Children (1670 [52.2%] female) underwent brain imaging assessment from 7 to 15 years of age with 5624 total scans. Most brain gray matter volumes showed an inverted U-shaped trajectory. Compared with nonexposed controls, children prenatally exposed to SSRIs had less cerebral gray matter (β [SE], -20 212.2 [7285.6] mm3; P = .006), particularly within the corticolimbic circuit, which persisted up to 15 years of age. Children exposed to SSRIs prenatally showed a steeper increase in volumes of the amygdala (age interaction: β [SE], 43.3 [13.4] mm3; P = .006) and fusiform gyrus (age interaction: β [SE], 168.3 [51.4] mm3; P = .003) from 7 to 15 years of age. These volumetric differences in the amygdala and fusiform observed in childhood did not persist until early adolescence. Prenatal depression was associated with a smaller volume in the rostral anterior cingulate gyrus (β [SE], -166.3 [65.1] mm3; P = .006), and postnatal depression was associated with a reduced fusiform gyrus (β [SE], -480.5 [189.2] mm3; P = .002). No association of SSRI use before pregnancy with brain outcomes was observed. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this cohort study suggest that prenatal SSRI exposure may be associated with altered developmental trajectories of brain regions involved in emotional regulation in offspring. Further research on the functional implications of these findings is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogukan Koc
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruno H. Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ryan L. Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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6
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Suleri A, Cecil C, Rommel AS, Hillegers M, White T, de Witte LD, Muetzel RL, Bergink V. Long-term effects of prenatal infection on the human brain: a prospective multimodal neuroimaging study. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:306. [PMID: 37789021 PMCID: PMC10547711 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is convincing evidence from rodent studies suggesting that prenatal infections affect the offspring's brain, but evidence in humans is limited. Here, we assessed the occurrence of common infections during each trimester of pregnancy and examined associations with brain outcomes in adolescent offspring. Our study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a large-scale sociodemographically diverse prospective birth cohort. We included 1094 mother-child dyads and investigated brain morphology (structural MRI), white matter microstructure (DTI), and functional connectivity (functional MRI), as outcomes at the age of 14. We focused on both global and focal regions. To define prenatal infections, we composed a score based on the number and type of infections during each trimester of pregnancy. Models were adjusted for several confounders. We found that prenatal infection was negatively associated with cerebral white matter volume (B = -0.069, 95% CI -0.123 to -0.015, p = 0.011), and we found an association between higher prenatal infection scores and smaller volumes of several frontotemporal regions of the brain. After multiple testing correction, we only observed an association between prenatal infections and the caudal anterior cingulate volume (B = -0.104, 95% CI -0.164 to -0.045, p < 0.001). We did not observe effects of prenatal infection on other measures of adolescent brain morphology, white matter microstructure, or functional connectivity, which is reassuring. Our results show potential regions of interest in the brain for future studies; data on the effect of severe prenatal infections on the offspring's brain in humans are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Suleri
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna-Sophie Rommel
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Section on Social and Cognitive Developmental Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lot D de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle Bergink
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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7
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Bravo P, Kim Y, Xerxa Y, Koopman-Verhoeff ME, Cárcamo R, Oldehinkel A, Hillegers M, Jansen P. Maternal history of maltreatment and offspring's emotional and behavioral problems in adolescence: Do family factors contribute to the intergenerational risk transmission? Child Abuse Negl 2023; 141:106228. [PMID: 37172532 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A history of childhood maltreatment often has a negative and long-lasting impact across different domains in life. A childhood maltreatment experience in parents may even affect the next generation. So far, the effects of family factors have been considered in the intergenerational transmission of adversity across the childhood years, but whether the effects remain until adolescence is less clear. OBJECTIVE Using data from a large population-based study in the Netherlands, including both mother and child reports, we examined whether maternal childhood maltreatment history is associated with increased mental health problems in offspring and the role of family functioning and harsh parenting as a potential pathway. PARTICIPANTS 4912 adolescents (aged 13 years) and their mothers were recruited in the Generation R study. METHODS Mothers reported childhood maltreatment experiences using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and adolescents reported on their mental health using the Youth Self Report (YSR). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the association of maternal childhood maltreatment on mental health problems in offspring and family functioning and harsh parenting as mechanisms to explain this association. RESULTS Adolescents of mothers with a history of maltreatment had greater internalizing (β = 0.07, p < .01) and externalizing problems (β = 0.08, p < .01). Moreover, we found an indirect effect via family functioning over time and harsh parenting at ages 3 and 8 years which mediated this association. CONCLUSION We concluded an intergenerational effect of maternal childhood maltreatment on adolescents internalizing and externalizing problems. The findings might enable earlier intervention within the family context to mitigate the consequences of maternal childhood maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bravo
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yugyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yllza Xerxa
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rodrigo Cárcamo
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Valdivia, Chile; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Magallanes, Chile
| | - Albertine Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pauline Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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8
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Kraaij R, Schuurmans IK, Radjabzadeh D, Tiemeier H, Dinan TG, Uitterlinden AG, Hillegers M, Jaddoe VW, Duijts L, Moll H, Rivadeneira F, Medina-Gomez C, Jansen PW, Cecil CA. The gut microbiome and child mental health: A population-based study. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 108:188-196. [PMID: 36494050 PMCID: PMC7614161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between the gut microbiome and the brain has gained increasing scientific and public interest for its potential to explain psychiatric risk. While differences in gut microbiome composition have been associated with several mental health problems, evidence to date has been largely based on animal models and human studies with modest sample sizes. In this cross-sectional study in 1,784 ten-year-old children from the multi-ethnic, population-based Generation R Study, we aimed to characterize associations of the gut microbiome with child mental health problems. Gut microbiome was assessed from stool samples using 16S rRNA sequencing. We focused on overall psychiatric symptoms as well as with specific domains of emotional and behavioral problems, assessed via the maternally rated Child Behavior Checklist. While we observed lower gut microbiome diversity in relation to higher overall and specific mental health problems, associations were not significant. Likewise, we did not identify any taxonomic feature associated with mental health problems after multiple testing correction, although suggestive findings indicated depletion of genera previously associated with psychiatric disorders, including Hungatella, Anaerotruncus and Oscillospiraceae. The identified compositional abundance differences were found to be similar across all mental health problems. Finally, we did not find significant enrichment for specific microbial functions in relation to mental health problems. In conclusion, based on the largest sample examined to date, we do not find clear evidence of associations between gut microbiome diversity, taxonomies or functions and mental health problems in the general pediatric population. In future, the use of longitudinal designs with repeated measurements of microbiome and psychiatric outcomes will be critical to identify whether and when associations between the gut microbiome and mental health emerge across development and into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Isabel K. Schuurmans
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Djawad Radjabzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard. T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy G. Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, and Neonatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henriette Moll
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline W. Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte A.M. Cecil
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Corresponding authors at: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (C. Cecil). addresses: (R. Kraaij), (C.A.M. Cecil)
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9
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Broeks CW, Molenaar N, Brouwer M, van den Akker EL, van Rossum EF, Van R, van den Berg SA, Hillegers M, Hoogendijk WJ, Burger H, Bockting C, Kamperman AM, Lambregtse-Van den Berg MP. Intergenerational impact of childhood trauma on hair cortisol concentrations in mothers and their young infants. Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol 2023; 14:100167. [PMID: 36819463 PMCID: PMC9930158 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in stress regulation and function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during infancy may be a risk factor for the development of psychopathology later in life. Maternal childhood trauma, depression, anxiety and stressful life events are individually associated with HPA axis dysregulation. Less is known about their interdependent influence on maternal and infant stress regulation in at risk populations. In a sample of mothers with a history of depressive-, and/or anxiety disorders and their infants we explored if a history of maternal childhood trauma, current depressive and anxiety symptomatology, and recent life events were associated with maternal and infant long-term cortisol levels three months postpartum. Methods Data were available of 89 mothers and 49 infants. All mothers fulfilled criteria for a lifetime depressive or anxiety disorder. Diagnosis was established with a diagnostic interview. Current depressive symptomatology was assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), current anxiety with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), maternal childhood trauma with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and recent life events with the Everyday Problem Checklist (EPC). Maternal and infant hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) were quantified with liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) three months after birth. Total scores of the CTQ and subscales, EPDS, STAI, and EPC were regressed on maternal and infant HCC using regression analyses. Differences in HCC regarding trauma history were tested with t-tests. Potential confounders were identified and adjusted for. Results In regression analyses, a positive curvilinear relationship was found between CTQ total score and maternal HCC (n = 83, B = 0.076, SE 0.033, p = .021), but not for current depression (n = 88, B = -0.001, SE 0.011, p = .931), current anxiety (n = 88, B = 0.002, SE 0.004, p = .650) or recent life events (n = 89, B = 0.018, SE 0.032, p = .568). Analyses were adjusted for confounders. A negative linear relationship was found between maternal CTQ score and infant HCC (n = 49, β = -0.264, B = -0.006, SE 0.003, p = .052), but not for current maternal depression (n = 45, β = -0.182, B = -0.011, SE 0.008, p = .164), current maternal anxiety (n = 45, β = -0.209, B = -0.005, SE 0.003, p = .113) or recent life events (n = 46, β = -0.128, B = -0.022, SE 0.023, p = .325). Analyses were adjusted for relevant infant hair characteristics. Specifically, maternal emotional and physical neglect were related to HCC in both mothers and infants. Conclusions Results suggest that maternal childhood trauma is more prominent in altering maternal and infant long-term cortisol levels than perinatal depressive and anxiety symptomatology or recent life stressors in mothers with a history of depressive and/or anxiety disorders, and their infants. As infants of mothers with psychopathology are at increased risk for later psychiatric disease, future studies should investigate the interplay of possible risk factors for transgenerational transmission, intra-uterine programming of the HPA axis, including (epi-)genetic phenomena, of the HPA axis, and the influence of parenting impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlinde W. Broeks
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Arkin Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nina Molenaar
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, USA
| | - Marlies Brouwer
- University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands,University of Amsterdam, Centre for Urban Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erica L.T. van den Akker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Sophia Children's Hospital and Obesity Center CGG, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth F.C. van Rossum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rien Van
- Arkin Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd A.A. van den Berg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Witte J.G. Hoogendijk
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Huibert Burger
- University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Claudi Bockting
- University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands,University of Amsterdam, Centre for Urban Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid M. Kamperman
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Epidemiological and Social Psychiatric Research Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mijke P. Lambregtse-Van den Berg
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Corresponding author. P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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10
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Ratheesh A, Hett D, Ramain J, Wong E, Berk L, Conus P, Fristad MA, Goldstein T, Hillegers M, Jauhar S, Kessing LV, Miklowitz DJ, Murray G, Scott J, Tohen M, Yatham LN, Young AH, Berk M, Marwaha S. A systematic review of interventions in the early course of bipolar disorder I or II: a report of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Taskforce on early intervention. Int J Bipolar Disord 2023; 11:1. [PMID: 36595095 PMCID: PMC9810772 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-022-00275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the likelihood of progressive illness in bipolar disorder (BD), it is important to understand the benefits and risks of interventions administered early in illness course. We conducted a systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions in the early course of BD I or II. METHODS We completed a systematic search on MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL and Google Scholar from 1/1/1979 till 14/9/2022. We included controlled trials examining intervention effects on symptomatic, course, functional and tolerability outcomes of patients in the 'early course' of BD I or II. We classified patients to be in early course if they (a) were seeking help for the first time for a manic episode, (b) had a lifetime history of up to 3 manic episodes, or (c) had up to 6 lifetime mood episodes. Evidence quality was assessed using the GRADE approach. RESULTS From 4135 unique publications we included 25 reports representing 2212 participants in 16 randomized studies, and 17,714 participants from nine non-randomized studies. Available evidence suggested that in early illness course, lithium use was associated with lower recurrence risk compared with other mood stabilizers. Mood stabilizers were also associated with better global functioning, compared with the use of antipsychotics in the medium term. While summative findings regarding psychological therapies were limited by heterogeneity, family-focused and cognitive-behavioral interventions were associated with reduced recurrence risk or improved symptomatic outcomes. There was some evidence that the same pharmacological interventions were more efficacious in preventing recurrences when utilized in earlier rather than later illness course. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS While there are promising initial findings, there is a need for more adequately powered trials to examine the efficacy and tolerability of interventions in youth and adults in early illness course. Specifically, there is a compelling need to compare the relative benefits of lithium with other pharmacological agents in preventing recurrences. In addition to symptomatic outcomes, there should be a greater focus on functional impact and tolerability. Effective pharmacological and psychological interventions should be offered to those in early course of BD, balancing potential risks using shared decision-making approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ratheesh
- grid.488501.00000 0004 8032 6923Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D. Hett
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK ,Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - J. Ramain
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662TIPP Program, Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E. Wong
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L. Berk
- grid.414257.10000 0004 0540 0062IMPACT-The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - P. Conus
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662TIPP Program, Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M. A. Fristad
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - T. Goldstein
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - M. Hillegers
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S. Jauhar
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.415717.10000 0001 2324 5535South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX UK
| | - L. V. Kessing
- grid.475435.4Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D. J. Miklowitz
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - G. Murray
- grid.1027.40000 0004 0409 2862Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J. Scott
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - M. Tohen
- grid.266832.b0000 0001 2188 8502Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM USA
| | - L. N. Yatham
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A. H. Young
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.415717.10000 0001 2324 5535South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX UK
| | - M. Berk
- grid.414257.10000 0004 0540 0062IMPACT-The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - S. Marwaha
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK ,Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
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11
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Kupka R, Hillegers M, Regeer E. Gordon Parker: Staging the bipolar disorders: Are early stages at too early a stage for intervention? Bipolar Disord 2022; 24:828-829. [PMID: 36433661 PMCID: PMC10107719 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Kupka
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eline Regeer
- Altrecht Center for Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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12
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Fegert JM, Kehoe LA, Çuhadaroglu Çetin F, Doyle M, Eliez S, Hebebrand J, Hillegers M, Karwautz A, Kotsis K, Kiss E, Pejovic-Milovancevic M, Räberg Christensen AM, Raynaud JP, Anagnostopoulos D. Correction to: Next generation Europe: a recovery plan for children, adolescents and their families : For the time after the pandemic, we need a vision and investments for the future. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:1851. [PMID: 34009431 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01801-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg M Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Laura A Kehoe
- Medical Communications, Avenue des Cadolles 12D, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | | | - Maeve Doyle
- Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, USA
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LVR Klinikum Essen, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Karwautz
- University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konstantinos Kotsis
- Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eniko Kiss
- Eniko Kiss, Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | - Jean-Philippe Raynaud
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (SUPEA), Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Dimitris Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical School, General Pediatric Hospital of Athens "Aghia Sophia", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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13
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Kupka R, Hillegers M. Early intervention and staging bipolar disorder: Conceptual and clinical dilemmas. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 63:9-11. [PMID: 35905526 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Kupka
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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14
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Weeland C, Vriend C, Van Der Werf Y, Huyser C, Hillegers M, Tiemeier H, White T, De Joode N, Thompson P, Stein D, Van Den Heuvel O, Kasprzak S. The thalamus and its subregions – a gateway to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567138 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Higher thalamic volume has been found in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and children with clinical-level symptoms within the general population (Boedhoe et al. 2017, Weeland et al. 2021a). Functionally distinct thalamic nuclei are an integral part of OCD-relevant brain circuitry. Objectives We aimed to study the thalamic nuclei volume in relation to subclinical and clinical OCD across different age ranges. Understanding the role of thalamic nuclei and their associated circuits in pediatric OCD could lead towards treatment strategies specifically targeting these circuits. Methods We studied the relationship between thalamic nuclei and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in a large sample of school-aged children from the Generation R Study (N = 2500) (Weeland et al. 2021b). Using the data from the ENIGMA-OCD working group we conducted mega-analyses to study thalamic subregional volume in OCD across the lifespan in 2,649 OCD patients and 2,774 healthy controls across 29 sites (Weeland et al. 2021c). Thalamic nuclei were grouped into five subregions: anterior, ventral, intralaminar/medial, lateral and pulvinar (Figure 1). ![]()
Results Both children with subclinical and clinical OCD compared with controls show increased volume across multiple thalamic subregions. Adult OCD patients have decreased volume across all subregions (Figure 2), which was mostly driven by medicated and adult-onset patients. ![]()
Conclusions
Our results suggests that OCD-related thalamic volume differences are global and not driven by particular subregions and that the direction of effects are driven by both age and medication status. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Brouwer RM, Klein M, Grasby KL, Schnack HG, Jahanshad N, Teeuw J, Thomopoulos SI, Sprooten E, Franz CE, Gogtay N, Kremen WS, Panizzon MS, Olde Loohuis LM, Whelan CD, Aghajani M, Alloza C, Alnæs D, Artiges E, Ayesa-Arriola R, Barker GJ, Bastin ME, Blok E, Bøen E, Breukelaar IA, Bright JK, Buimer EEL, Bülow R, Cannon DM, Ciufolini S, Crossley NA, Damatac CG, Dazzan P, de Mol CL, de Zwarte SMC, Desrivières S, Díaz-Caneja CM, Doan NT, Dohm K, Fröhner JH, Goltermann J, Grigis A, Grotegerd D, Han LKM, Harris MA, Hartman CA, Heany SJ, Heindel W, Heslenfeld DJ, Hohmann S, Ittermann B, Jansen PR, Janssen J, Jia T, Jiang J, Jockwitz C, Karali T, Keeser D, Koevoets MGJC, Lenroot RK, Malchow B, Mandl RCW, Medel V, Meinert S, Morgan CA, Mühleisen TW, Nabulsi L, Opel N, de la Foz VOG, Overs BJ, Paillère Martinot ML, Redlich R, Marques TR, Repple J, Roberts G, Roshchupkin GV, Setiaman N, Shumskaya E, Stein F, Sudre G, Takahashi S, Thalamuthu A, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, van der Lugt A, van Haren NEM, Wardlaw JM, Wen W, Westeneng HJ, Wittfeld K, Zhu AH, Zugman A, Armstrong NJ, Bonfiglio G, Bralten J, Dalvie S, Davies G, Di Forti M, Ding L, Donohoe G, Forstner AJ, Gonzalez-Peñas J, Guimaraes JPOFT, Homuth G, Hottenga JJ, Knol MJ, Kwok JBJ, Le Hellard S, Mather KA, Milaneschi Y, Morris DW, Nöthen MM, Papiol S, Rietschel M, Santoro ML, Steen VM, Stein JL, Streit F, Tankard RM, Teumer A, van 't Ent D, van der Meer D, van Eijk KR, Vassos E, Vázquez-Bourgon J, Witt SH, Adams HHH, Agartz I, Ames D, Amunts K, Andreassen OA, Arango C, Banaschewski T, Baune BT, Belangero SI, Bokde ALW, Boomsma DI, Bressan RA, Brodaty H, Buitelaar JK, Cahn W, Caspers S, Cichon S, Crespo-Facorro B, Cox SR, Dannlowski U, Elvsåshagen T, Espeseth T, Falkai PG, Fisher SE, Flor H, Fullerton JM, Garavan H, Gowland PA, Grabe HJ, Hahn T, Heinz A, Hillegers M, Hoare J, Hoekstra PJ, Ikram MA, Jackowski AP, Jansen A, Jönsson EG, Kahn RS, Kircher T, Korgaonkar MS, Krug A, Lemaitre H, Malt UF, Martinot JL, McDonald C, Mitchell PB, Muetzel RL, Murray RM, Nees F, Nenadić I, Oosterlaan J, Ophoff RA, Pan PM, Penninx BWJH, Poustka L, Sachdev PS, Salum GA, Schofield PR, Schumann G, Shaw P, Sim K, Smolka MN, Stein DJ, Trollor JN, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Walter H, Westlye LT, Whelan R, White T, Wright MJ, Medland SE, Franke B, Thompson PM, Hulshoff Pol HE. Genetic variants associated with longitudinal changes in brain structure across the lifespan. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:421-432. [PMID: 35383335 PMCID: PMC10040206 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human brain structure changes throughout the lifespan. Altered brain growth or rates of decline are implicated in a vast range of psychiatric, developmental and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we identified common genetic variants that affect rates of brain growth or atrophy in what is, to our knowledge, the first genome-wide association meta-analysis of changes in brain morphology across the lifespan. Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging data from 15,640 individuals were used to compute rates of change for 15 brain structures. The most robustly identified genes GPR139, DACH1 and APOE are associated with metabolic processes. We demonstrate global genetic overlap with depression, schizophrenia, cognitive functioning, insomnia, height, body mass index and smoking. Gene set findings implicate both early brain development and neurodegenerative processes in the rates of brain changes. Identifying variants involved in structural brain changes may help to determine biological pathways underlying optimal and dysfunctional brain development and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Brouwer
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrina L Grasby
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hugo G Schnack
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Utrecht Institute of Linguistics OTS, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Jalmar Teeuw
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nitin Gogtay
- American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Loes M Olde Loohuis
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Moji Aghajani
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Education & Child Studies, Section Forensic Family & Youth Care, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Alloza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM U1299 Trajectoires Développementales en Psychiatrie, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 9010; Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (HUMV), School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Santander, Spain
- Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Gareth J Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mark E Bastin
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Elisabet Blok
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erlend Bøen
- Psychosomatic and CL Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Isabella A Breukelaar
- Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanna K Bright
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth E L Buimer
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dara M Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Simone Ciufolini
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nicolas A Crossley
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christienne G Damatac
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Casper L de Mol
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja M C de Zwarte
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Katharina Dohm
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Janik Goltermann
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Neurospin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Laura K M Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathew A Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah J Heany
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Walter Heindel
- Clinic for Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk J Heslenfeld
- Departments of Experimental and Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Philip R Jansen
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, VUmc, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tianye Jia
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence and MoE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jiyang Jiang
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christiane Jockwitz
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Temmuz Karali
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
- NeuroImaging Core Unit Munich (NICUM), University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Keeser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
- NeuroImaging Core Unit Munich (NICUM), University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
- Munich Center for Neurosciences (MCN) - Brain & Mind, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martijn G J C Koevoets
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rhoshel K Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Berend Malchow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - René C W Mandl
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vicente Medel
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Catherine A Morgan
- School of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Thomas W Mühleisen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Leila Nabulsi
- Centre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nils Opel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (HUMV), School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Santander, Spain
- Neuroimaging Unit, Technological Facilities, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- INSERM U1299 Trajectoires Développementales en Psychiatrie, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 9010; Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Paris, France
| | - Ronny Redlich
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gloria Roberts
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gennady V Roshchupkin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nikita Setiaman
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Shumskaya
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gustavo Sudre
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shun Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Radiology, IDIVAL, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Advanced Computing and e-Science, Instituto de Física de Cantabria (UC-CSIC), Santander, Spain
| | - Aad van der Lugt
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Henk-Jan Westeneng
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alyssa H Zhu
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Andre Zugman
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gaia Bonfiglio
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gail Davies
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Linda Ding
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Centre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG), School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Centre for Human Genetics, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Javier Gonzalez-Peñas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joao P O F T Guimaraes
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria J Knol
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John B J Kwok
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT Centre of Excellence, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Derek W Morris
- Centre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG), School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sergi Papiol
- CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Santander, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcos L Santoro
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT Centre of Excellence, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jason L Stein
- Department of Genetics & UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rick M Tankard
- Mathematics and Statistics, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dennis van 't Ent
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Javier Vázquez-Bourgon
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (HUMV), School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Santander, Spain
- Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Hieab H H Adams
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - David Ames
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sintia I Belangero
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo A Bressan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Ame Sua Mente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Altrecht Science, Altrecht Mental Health Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Svenja Caspers
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Santander, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Seville, IBIS, Seville, Spain
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter G Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Janice M Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Penny A Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hans J Grabe
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Hoare
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Faculty of Health, Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad A Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea P Jackowski
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rene S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- VISN 2 Mental Illness Research, Education & Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mayuresh S Korgaonkar
- Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Axel Krug
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Herve Lemaitre
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CNRS UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ulrik F Malt
- Unit for Psychosomatic Medicine and C-L Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- INSERM U1299 Trajectoires Développementales en Psychiatrie, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 9010; Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Philip B Mitchell
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin M Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Emma Neuroscience Group, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit, Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro M Pan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Giovanni A Salum
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute for Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- PONS Centre, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, CCM, Charite University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Shaw
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julian N Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henrik Walter
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute for Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Whelan
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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16
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Blok E, Koopman-Verhoeff ME, Dickstein DP, Saletin J, Luik AI, Rijlaarsdam J, Hillegers M, Kocevska D, White T, Tiemeier H. Sleep and mental health in childhood: a multi-method study in the general pediatric population. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2022; 16:11. [PMID: 35177100 PMCID: PMC8851725 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-022-00447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep problems, altered sleep patterns and mental health difficulties often co-occur in the pediatric population. Different assessment methods for sleep exist, however, many studies only use one measure of sleep or focus on one specific mental health problem. In this population-based study, we assessed different aspects of sleep and mother-reported mental health to provide a broad overview of the associations between reported and actigraphic sleep characteristics and mental health. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 788 children 10-11-year-old children (52.5% girls) and 344 13-14-year-old children (55.2% girls). Mothers and children reported on the sleep of the child and wrist actigraphy was used to assess the child's sleep patterns and 24 h activity rhythm. Mental health was assessed via mother-report and covered internalizing, externalizing and a combined phenotype of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, the dysregulation profile. RESULTS Higher reported sleep problems were related to more symptoms of mental health problems in 10-11- and 13-14-year-old adolescents, with standardized ß-estimates ranging between 0.11 and 0.35. There was no association between actigraphy-estimated sleep and most mental health problems, but earlier sleep onset was associated with more internalizing problems (ß = - 0.09, SE = 0.03, p-value = 0.002), and higher intra-daily variability of the 24 h activity rhythm was associated with more dysregulation profile symptoms at age 10-11 (ß = 0.11, SE = 0.04, p-value = 0.002). DISCUSSION Reported sleep problems across informants were related to all domains of mental health problems, providing evidence that sleep can be an important topic to discuss for clinicians seeing children with mental health problems. Actigraphy-estimated sleep characteristics were not associated with most mental health problems. The discrepancy between reported and actigraphic sleep measures strengthens the idea that these two measures tap into distinct constructs of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Blok
- grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. Elisabeth Koopman-Verhoeff
- grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5132.50000 0001 2312 1970Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands ,grid.281318.10000 0004 0443 4869Emma Pendleton Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI USA
| | - Daniel P. Dickstein
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XPediMIND Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XSimches Center of Excellence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jared Saletin
- grid.281318.10000 0004 0443 4869Emma Pendleton Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI USA ,grid.40263.330000 0004 1936 9094Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Annemarie I. Luik
- grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Rijlaarsdam
- grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Desana Kocevska
- grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.419918.c0000 0001 2171 8263Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Society for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
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17
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Weeland CJ, Vriend C, van der Werf Y, Huyser C, Hillegers M, Tiemeier H, White T, van den Heuvel OA. Thalamic Subregions and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in 2,500 Children From the General Population. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 61:321-330. [PMID: 34217835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and clinically relevant obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the general population are associated with increased thalamic volume. It is unknown whether this enlargement is explained by specific thalamic subregions. The relation between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and volume of thalamic subregions was investigated in a population-based sample of children. METHOD Obsessive-compulsive symptoms were measured in children (9-12 years of age) from the Generation R Study using the Short Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Screener (SOCS). Thalamic nuclei volumes were extracted from structural 3T magnetic resonance imaging scans using the ThalamicNuclei pipeline and regrouped into anterior, ventral, intralaminar/medial, lateral, and pulvinar subregions. Volumes were compared between children with symptoms above clinical cutoff (probable OCD cases, SOCS ≥ 6, n = 156) and matched children without symptoms (n = 156). Linear regression models were fitted to investigate the association between continuous SOCS score and subregional volume in the whole sample (N = 2500). RESULTS Children with probable OCD had larger ventral nuclei compared with children without symptoms (d = 0.25, p = .025, false discovery rate adjusted p = .126). SOCS score showed a negative association with pulvinar volume when accounting for overall thalamic volume (β = -0.057, p = .009, false discovery rate adjusted p = .09). However, these associations did not survive multiple testing correction. CONCLUSION The results suggest that individual nuclei groups contribute in varying degrees to overall thalamic volume in children with probable OCD, although this did not survive multiple comparisons correction. Understanding the role of thalamic nuclei and their associated circuits in pediatric OCD could lead toward treatment strategies targeting these circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cees J Weeland
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Chris Vriend
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Chaim Huyser
- Academic Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tonya White
- Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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18
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Steegers C, Dieleman G, Moskalenko V, Santos S, Hillegers M, White T, Jansen PW. The longitudinal relationship between set-shifting at 4 years of age and eating disorder related features at 9 years of age in the general pediatric population. Int J Eat Disord 2021; 54:2180-2191. [PMID: 34716719 PMCID: PMC9298047 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) tend to have rigid thoughts and behaviors regarding their body weight, body image, and eating habits. While a diagnosis of AN implies severe levels of impairment, AN traits can vary on a continuum within the population. However, little is known about how early markers of AN relate to rigid thought patterns and to what extent cognitive rigidity is already present in early childhood. We examined the association of set-shifting abilities as a measure of cognitive flexibility in preadolescents with AN-related features. METHODS Participants included 3,987 children participating in the Generation R Study, a Dutch population-based birth cohort. Set-shifting abilities (mother report) were assessed at 4 years of age, body mass index (BMI) was determined at 4 and 9 years and restrictive eating patterns (mother report) and body image (child report) were assessed at 9 years. RESULTS Lower set-shifting abilities at 4 years were associated with a lower BMI (β = -.44, p = 2.2 × 10-4 ) in girls, and more restrictive eating (β = 0.15, p = 2.7 × 10-6 ) in both boys and girls at 9 years of age. Moreover, set-shifting at age 4 was not associated with body image at age 9. CONCLUSION These findings contribute to the idea that the association between set-shifting problems and AN-related features are present early in childhood, prior to the typical range of the onset of eating disorders (EDs). Longitudinal studies that capture the peak age for the development of EDs will be important to assess whether early cognitive inflexibility is an early marker of AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathelijne Steegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC‐Sophia Children's HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gwen Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC‐Sophia Children's HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Valeria Moskalenko
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC‐Sophia Children's HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study GroupErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC – Sophia Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC‐Sophia Children's HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands,The Generation R Study GroupErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC‐Sophia Children's HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pauline W. Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC‐Sophia Children's HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands,The Generation R Study GroupErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Psychology, Education, and Child StudiesErasmus University RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
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19
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Kupka R, Duffy A, Scott J, Almeida J, Balanzá‐Martínez V, Birmaher B, Bond DJ, Brietzke E, Chendo I, Frey BN, Grande I, Hafeman D, Hajek T, Hillegers M, Kauer‐Sant’Anna M, Mansur RB, van der Markt A, Post R, Tohen M, Tremain H, Vazquez G, Vieta E, Yatham LN, Berk M, Alda M, Kapczinski F. Consensus on nomenclature for clinical staging models in bipolar disorder: A narrative review from the International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Staging Task Force. Bipolar Disord 2021; 23:659-678. [PMID: 34174130 PMCID: PMC9290926 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical staging is widely used in medicine to map disease progression, inform prognosis, and guide treatment decisions; in psychiatry, however, staging remains a hypothetical construct. To facilitate future research in bipolar disorders (BD), a well-defined nomenclature is needed, especially since diagnosis is often imprecise with blurred boundaries, and a full understanding of pathophysiology is lacking. METHODS Under the auspices of the International Society of Bipolar Disorders, a Task Force of international experts was convened to review, discuss, and integrate findings from the scientific literature relevant to the development of a consensus staging model and standardize a terminology that could be used to advance future research including staging of BD and related disorders. RESULTS Consensus opinion and areas of uncertainty or difference were identified in regard to terms referring to staging as it may apply to BD, to at-risk status and subthreshold stages, and to various clinical stages of BD as it is currently diagnosed. CONCLUSION The use of a standardized nomenclature about the clinical stages of BD will facilitate communication about research on clinical and pathological components of this heterogeneous group of disorders. The concepts presented are based on current evidence, but the template provided allows for further refinements as etiological advances come to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Kupka
- Department of PsychiatryAmsterdam Public Mental Health Research InsituteAmsterdam UMCVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Anne Duffy
- Department of PsychiatryDivision of Student Mental HealthQueen's UniversityCote Sharp Student Wellness CentreKingstonONCanada,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Jan Scott
- Institute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK,Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Jorge Almeida
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavior SciencesDell Medical SchoolUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA
| | - Vicent Balanzá‐Martínez
- Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological MedicineDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ValenciaCIBERSAMValenciaSpain
| | | | - David J. Bond
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Department of PsychiatryQueen's University School of MedicineKingstonONCanada,Centre for Neuroscience StudiesQueen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada
| | - Ines Chendo
- Psychiatry DepartmentDepartment of NeurosciencesHospital Santa MariaLisbonPortugal,Clínica Universitária de PsiquiatriaFaculty of MedicineUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal
| | - Benicio N. Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural NeurosciencesMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada,Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns ClinicSt. Joseph's Healthcare HamiltonHamiltonONCanada
| | - Iria Grande
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders and Depressive UnitHospital ClinicInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaIDIBAPSCIBERSAMBarcelonaSpain
| | - Danella Hafeman
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Tomas Hajek
- Department of PsychiatryDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNSCanada
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus Medical Center‐Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marcia Kauer‐Sant’Anna
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty of MedicineUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGSHospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPAPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Rodrigo B. Mansur
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology UnitUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Afra van der Markt
- Department of PsychiatryAmsterdam Public Mental Health Research InsituteAmsterdam UMCVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Robert Post
- George Washington University School of MedicineWashingtonDCUSA,Bipolar Collaborative NetworkBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Mauricio Tohen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Hailey Tremain
- Centre for Mental HealthFaculty of Health Arts and DesignSwinburne UniversityMelbourneVicAustralia,OrygenThe National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental HealthParkvilleVicAustralia
| | | | - Eduard Vieta
- Hospital ClinicInstitute of NeuroscienceUniversity of BarcelonaIDIBAPSCIBERSAMBarcelonaSpain
| | - Lakshmi N. Yatham
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical TranslationSchool of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelongVicAustralia,OrygenThe National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental HealthCentre for Youth Mental HealthFlorey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental HealthDepartment of PsychiatryThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVicAustralia
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of PsychiatryMood Disorders ClinicDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNCCanada
| | - Flávio Kapczinski
- St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton McMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSPorto AlegreBrazil
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In order to promote optimal development of children and adolescents at risk for psychiatric disorders, a better understanding of the concept resilience is crucial. Here, we provide an overview of recent work on clinical and epidemiological correlates of resilience and mental health in children and adolescents. RECENT FINDINGS Our systematic literature search revealed 25 studies that unanimously show that higher levels of resilience are related to fewer mental health problems, despite the heterogeneity of study populations and instruments. Correlates of resilience included multisystem factors, such as social, cultural, family and individual aspects, which is in line with the multisystem approach as described by recent resilience theories. Longitudinal studies are scarce but confirm the dynamical character of resilience and mental health. The application of longitudinal studies and innovative measurement techniques will improve our understanding on the cascade effects of stressors on resilience and mental health outcomes. SUMMARY Resilience is strongly associated with mental health in children and adolescents and deserves a more prominent role in research, prevention programs and routine clinical care. Including social, cultural and family context in the evaluation of resilience is of great value, as this can identify targets for early and preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Mesman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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21
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Sammallahti S, Tiemeier H, Louwen S, Steegers E, Hillegers M, Jaddoe VWV, White T. Fetal-placental blood flow and neurodevelopment in childhood: population-based neuroimaging study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:245-253. [PMID: 32851732 PMCID: PMC8457176 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antenatal Doppler measurements of the fetal umbilical and cerebral circulations can predict perinatal complications; however, it is unclear if subtle variations in antenatal Doppler measurements are associated with long-term neurodevelopmental outcome. In this study, we examined whether antenatal Doppler measurements of the fetal-placental circulation are associated with cognitive and motor abilities and brain morphology in childhood. METHODS To evaluate differences in long-term sequelae across the continuum of the umbilical and cerebral artery circulations in the general population, we utilized a population-based longitudinal cohort study approach. In women from the Generation R study, we measured second- and third-trimester umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI). Children underwent non-verbal intelligence testing at 4-8 years of age, and at 8-12 years they underwent finger-tapping tests to measure fine motor skills, balance beam tests to measure gross motor skills and brain magnetic resonance imaging. We assessed the relationships between prenatal UA-PI and neurodevelopmental outcome using linear regression. We adjusted for child age and sex, maternal age, education, parity and smoking status. RESULTS The study sample included 2803 pregnancies. Higher third-trimester UA-PI was associated with poorer fine motor performance (0.41 (95% CI, 0.11-0.70) fewer taps on the finger-tapping test per 1 SD higher UA-PI) and gross motor performance (0.64 (95% CI, 0.20-1.08) fewer steps on the balance beam test per 1 SD higher UA-PI). One SD higher third-trimester UA-PI was also associated with 0.65 (95% CI, 0.04-1.25) points lower intelligence quotient; however, unlike the associations with motor abilities, this finding did not persist after correction for multiple testing. Higher second-trimester UA-PI was associated with smaller brain volume (6.1 (95% CI, 1.0-11.3) cm3 reduction per 1 SD higher UA-PI), but the association did not persist after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSION Higher placental vascular resistance may have mild adverse effects on neurodevelopmental outcome at school age. While these effects are subtle at population level, we encourage future research into the role of early circulation in brain development. This information could be used to develop targeted interventions. © 2020 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sammallahti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral SciencesHarvard School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - H. Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral SciencesHarvard School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - S. Louwen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of NeuroscienceErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - E. Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - M. Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - V. W. V. Jaddoe
- Department of PediatricsErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - T. White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
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22
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Broeks CW, Kok R, Choenni V, Van R, Hoogendijk W, Hillegers M, Kamperman A, Lambregtse-Van den Berg MP. Salivary cortisol reactivity in 6-month-old infants of mothers with severe psychiatric disorders: findings from the face-to-Face Still-Face paradigm. Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 7:100078. [PMID: 35757057 PMCID: PMC9216463 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Maternal psychopathology is associated with altered HPA axis functioning in offspring. Most studies have focused on mildly affected populations, but less is known about the effect of severe maternal psychopathology. In our explorative study we investigated in a heterogenic sample of mothers with severe and long-lasting psychiatric disorders, if a diagnosis of depression and severity of general maternal psychiatric symptomatology were associated with infant salivary cortisol reactivity to the Face-to-Face Still-Face (FFSF) paradigm at 6 months of age. Methods. A clinical sample of 36 mother-infant dyads was explored. All mothers fulfilled criteria for a severe psychiatric disorder and had psychiatric complaints for the last two consecutive years. Maternal diagnosis was established during pregnancy using a diagnostic interview and general maternal psychiatric symptom severity was established by self-report at the time of the FFSF procedure. The FFSF paradigm was used to assess infants’ response to social stress at the age of 6 months. Infant saliva samples were collected at three time points: 5 min before and 15 and 30 min after the social stressor. Cortisol reactivity was operationalized as incremental Area Under the Curve (AUCi). Potential confounders were identified and adjusted for. Results. In regression analyses, a negative relationship was found between infant cortisol reactivity (AUCi) during the FFSF paradigm at 6 months and general maternal symptom severity at time of the FFSF paradigm (unadjusted n = 36, ß = −0.331, B = −9.758, SE 4.8, p = .048; adjusted n = 36, ß = −0.335, B = −9.868, SE 4.5, p = .039) and for diagnosis of perinatal depression at trend level (unadjusted n = 36, ß = −0.293, B = −8.640, SE 4.8, p = .083; adjusted n = 36, ß = −0.317, B = −9.347, SE 4.6, p = .052). Analyses were adjusted for gestational age. Conclusions. Preliminary results on cortisol reactivity in 6-month-old infants of mothers with severe and long-lasting psychiatric disorders show a significant reduction in the group of mothers who experienced a high level of psychiatric symptoms in the post-partum period, compared to mothers with lower levels of psychiatric symptomatology. The same trend was found for mothers with and without a diagnosis of perinatal depression. Since these infants are considered to be at increased risk for later psychopathology, our study suggests that future longitudinal studies should investigate whether reduced cortisol reactivity in babies could be a marker for any adverse outcomes, besides other possible risk factors (e.g. (epi)genetic phenomena). Psychiatric symptom severity in mothers might affect infant cortisol reactivity during the Face-to-Face-Still-Face (FFSF) paradigm. Infants of mothers with a diagnosis of depression show borderline diminished reactivity of cortisol during the FFSF paradigm. Under-activation of cortisol reactivity in infants of severely affected mothers might point to early patterns of blunted HPA-axis functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlinde W. Broeks
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Arkin Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rianne Kok
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vandhana Choenni
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rien Van
- Arkin Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Witte Hoogendijk
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid Kamperman
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Epidemiological and Social Psychiatric Research Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mijke P. Lambregtse-Van den Berg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author. PhD Address: P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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23
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Lubczyńska MJ, Muetzel RL, El Marroun H, Hoek G, Kooter IM, Thomson EM, Hillegers M, Vernooij MW, White T, Tiemeier H, Guxens M. Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood and brain morphology in preadolescents. Environ Res 2021; 198:110446. [PMID: 33221303 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies investigating the relationship between exposure to air pollution and brain development using magnetic resonance images are emerging. However, most studies have focused only on prenatal exposures, and have included a limited selection of pollutants. Here, we aim to expand the current knowledge by studying pregnancy and childhood exposure to a wide selection of pollutants, and brain morphology in preadolescents. METHODS We used data from 3133 preadolescents from a birth cohort from Rotterdam, the Netherlands (enrollment: 2002-2006). Concentrations of nitrogen oxides, coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles, and composition of fine particles were estimated for participant's home addresses in pregnancy and childhood, using land use regression models. Structural brain images were obtained at age 9-12 years. We assessed the relationships of air pollution exposure, with brain volumes, and surface-based morphometric data, adjusting for socioeconomic and life-style characteristics, using single as well as multi-pollutant approach. RESULTS No associations were observed between air pollution exposures and global volumes of total brain, and cortical and subcortical grey matter. However, we found associations between higher pregnancy and childhood air pollution exposures with smaller corpus callosum, smaller hippocampus, larger amygdala, smaller nucleus accumbens, and larger cerebellum (e.g. -69.2mm3 hippocampal volume [95%CI -129.1 to -9.3] per 1ng/m3 increase in pregnancy exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). Higher pregnancy exposure to air pollution was associated with smaller cortical thickness while higher childhood exposure was associated with predominantly larger cortical surface area. CONCLUSION Higher pregnancy or childhood exposure to several air pollutants was associated with altered volume of several brain structures, as well as with cortical thickness and surface area. Associations showed some similarity to delayed maturation and effects of early-life stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata J Lubczyńska
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg M Kooter
- Department of Circular Economy & Environment, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Errol M Thomson
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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24
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Fegert JM, Kehoe LA, Çuhadaroglu Çetin F, Doyle M, Eliez S, Hebebrand J, Hillegers M, Karwautz A, Kotsis K, Kiss E, Pejovic-Milovancevic M, Räberg Christensen AM, Raynaud JP, Anagnostopoulos D. Next generation Europe: a recovery plan for children, adolescents and their families : For the time after the pandemic, we need a vision and investments for the future. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 30:991-995. [PMID: 33837857 PMCID: PMC8035055 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg M Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Laura A Kehoe
- Medical Communications, Avenue des Cadolles 12D, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | | | - Maeve Doyle
- Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, USA
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LVR Klinikum Essen, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Karwautz
- University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konstantinos Kotsis
- Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eniko Kiss
- Eniko Kiss, Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | - Jean-Philippe Raynaud
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (SUPEA), Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Dimitris Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical School, General Pediatric Hospital of Athens "Aghia Sophia", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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25
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Zou R, El Marroun H, Voortman T, Hillegers M, White T, Tiemeier H. Maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids during pregnancy and offspring brain development in childhood. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:124-133. [PMID: 33742211 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests an association of maternal PUFA concentrations during pregnancy with child cognitive and neuropsychiatric outcomes such as intelligence and autistic traits. However, little is known about prenatal maternal PUFAs in relation to child brain development, which may underlie these associations. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the association of maternal PUFA status during pregnancy with child brain morphology, including volumetric and white matter microstructure measures. METHODS This study was embedded in a prospective population-based study. In total, 1553 mother-child dyads of Dutch origin were included. Maternal plasma glycerophospholipid PUFAs were assessed in midpregnancy. Child brain morphologic outcomes, including total gray and white matter volumes, as well as white matter microstructure quantified by global fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity, were measured using MRI (including diffusion tensor imaging) at age 9-11 y. RESULTS Maternal ω-3 (n-3) long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) concentrations during pregnancy had an inverted U-shaped relation with child total gray volume (linear term: β: 16.7; 95% CI: 2.0, 31.5; quadratic term: β: -1.1; 95% CI: -2.1, -0.07) and total white matter volume (linear term: β: 15.7; 95% CI: 3.6, 27.8; quadratic term: β: -1.0; 95% CI: -1.8, -0.16). Maternal gestational ω-6 LC-PUFA concentrations did not predict brain volumetric differences in children, albeit the linolenic acid concentration was inversely associated with child total white matter volume. Maternal PUFA status during pregnancy was not related to child white matter microstructure. CONCLUSIONS Sufficient maternal ω-3 PUFAs during pregnancy may be related to more optimal child brain development in the long term. In particular, exposure to lower ω-3 PUFA concentrations in fetal life was associated with less brain volume in childhood. Maternal ω-6 LC-PUFAs were not related to child brain morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Zou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Harris HA, Micali N, Moll HA, van Berckelaer‐Onnes I, Hillegers M, Jansen PW. The role of food selectivity in the association between child autistic traits and constipation. Int J Eat Disord 2021; 54:981-985. [PMID: 33594728 PMCID: PMC8248436 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines the association between child autistic traits and constipation symptoms, and explores whether this association is mediated by food selectivity. METHOD The sample included participants (N = 2,818) from the population-based birth cohort, Generation R (Rotterdam, the Netherlands). Parents reported their child's autistic traits at 6 years (using the Social Responsiveness Scale), food selectivity at 10 years (using the Stanford Feeding Questionnaire) and the frequency and severity of constipation symptoms they experienced at 10 years (using the ROME III functional constipation diagnostic criteria). Mediation analyses tested mediation through food selectivity in the association of autistic traits and the number of constipation symptoms, adjusting for covariates. RESULTS There was a positive association between parent-reported child autistic traits and constipation symptoms (r = 0.08, p < .001). We identified a significant indirect effect of autistic traits on constipation symptoms through food selectivity (β = 0.008, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.002, 0.014). DISCUSSION This study provides empirical support for the mediating role of food selectivity in the association between autistic traits and constipation. Behavioral interventions aimed to target food selectivity and support families of children with autistic traits may bolster conventional medical and nutritional treatments to alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms like constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A. Harris
- Erasmus Medical CenterDepartment of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyRotterdamNetherlands,Erasmus Medical Center, Generation R StudyRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Pediatrics Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland,Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Henriette A. Moll
- Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's HospitalDepartment of General PediatricsRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Ina van Berckelaer‐Onnes
- Leiden UniversityFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Child and Adolescent StudiesLeidenNetherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Erasmus Medical CenterDepartment of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyRotterdamNetherlands,Erasmus Medical Center, Generation R StudyRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Pauline W. Jansen
- Erasmus Medical CenterDepartment of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyRotterdamNetherlands,Erasmus Medical Center, Generation R StudyRotterdamNetherlands,Erasmus University RotterdamDepartment of Psychology, Education and Child StudiesRotterdamNetherlands
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27
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Dietvorst E, Hiemstra M, Maciejewski D, van Roekel E, Bogt TT, Hillegers M, Keijsers L. Grumpy or depressed? Disentangling typically developing adolescent mood from prodromal depression using experience sampling methods. J Adolesc 2021; 88:25-35. [PMID: 33607507 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed at differentiating normative developmental turmoil from prodromal depressive symptoms in adolescence. METHOD Negative and positive mood (daily) in different contexts (friends, home, school), and (subsequent) depressive symptoms were assessed in Dutch adolescents. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Mixture modeling on one cross-sectional study, using a newly developed questionnaire (CSEQ; subsample 1a; n = 571; girls 55.9%; Mage = 14.17) and two longitudinal datasets with Experience Sampling Methods data (subsample 1b: n = 241; Mage = 13.81; 62.2% girls, sample 2: n = 286; 59.7% girls; Mage = 14.19) revealed three mood profiles: 18-24% "happy", 43-53% "typically developing", and 27-38% "at-risk". Of the "at-risk" profile between 12.5% and 25% of the adolescents scored above the clinical cut-off for depression. These mood profiles predicted later depressive symptoms, while controlling for earlier symptoms. In subsample 1b, parents were not always aware of the mental health status of their adolescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Dietvorst
- Department of Child and Adolescents Psychiatry/Psychology Erasmus MC- Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marieke Hiemstra
- Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Dominique Maciejewski
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Eeske van Roekel
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg School of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Tilburg University, the Netherlands.
| | - Tom Ter Bogt
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescents Psychiatry/Psychology Erasmus MC- Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Loes Keijsers
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Steegers C, Blok E, Lamballais S, Jaddoe V, Bernardoni F, Vernooij M, van der Ende J, Hillegers M, Micali N, Ehrlich S, Jansen P, Dieleman G, White T. The association between body mass index and brain morphology in children: a population-based study. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:787-800. [PMID: 33484342 PMCID: PMC7981300 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Brain morphology is altered in both anorexia nervosa and obesity. However, it is yet unclear if the relationship between Body Mass Index-Standard Deviation Score (BMI-SDS) and brain morphology exists across the BMI-SDS spectrum, or is present only in the extremes. The study involved 3160 9-to-11 year-old children (50.3% female) who participate in Generation R, a population-based study. Structural MRI scans were obtained from all children and FreeSurfer was used to quantify both global and surface-based measures of gyrification and cortical thickness. Body length and weight were measured to calculate BMI. Dutch growth curves were used to calculate BMI-SDS. BMI-SDS was analyzed continuously and in two categories (median split). The relationship between BMI-SDS (range − 3.82 to 3.31) and gyrification showed an inverted-U shape curve in children with both lower and higher BMI-SDS values having lower gyrification in widespread areas of the brain. BMI-SDS had a positive linear association with cortical thickness in multiple brain regions. This study provides evidence for an association between BMI-SDS and brain morphology in a large sample of children from the general population and suggests that a normal BMI during childhood is important for brain development. Future studies could determine whether lifestyle modifications optimize BMI-SDS result in return to more typical patterns of brain morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathelijne Steegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabet Blok
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Lamballais
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Meike Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van der Ende
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.,Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Eating Disorder Research and Treatment Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pauline Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwen Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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van Dalen M, Pasmans SGMA, Aendekerk ML, Mathijssen I, Koudstaal M, Timman R, Williamson H, Hillegers M, Utens EMWJ, Okkerse J. Investigating online psychological treatment for adolescents with a visible difference in the Dutch YP Face IT study: protocol of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041449. [PMID: 33483443 PMCID: PMC7831738 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This paper outlines the study protocol for the Dutch Young People (YP) Face IT Study. Adolescents with a visible difference (ie, disfigurement) often experience challenging social situations such as being stared at, receiving unwanted questions or being teased. As a consequence, some of these adolescents experience adverse psychosocial outcomes and appearance-related distress. To address this appearance-related distress, an online psychotherapeutic intervention, YP Face IT, has been developed. YP Face IT uses social interaction skills training and cognitive-behavioural therapy. The Dutch YP Face IT Study tests whether this intervention is effective in reducing social anxiety and improving body esteem. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Participants are adolescents aged 12-18 with a visible difference and experiencing appearance-related distress. In this two-armed randomised controlled trial, 224 adolescents will be randomised to care as usual or YP Face IT. Adolescents will complete questionnaires at baseline, at 13 weeks and at 25 weeks. Primary outcomes are differences in social anxiety and body esteem between YP Face IT and care as usual. Secondary outcomes are differences in aspects of self-worth, perceived stigmatisation, health-related quality of life, life engagement, appearance-related distress and depressive symptoms between the two groups. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Research ethics approval was obtained from the medical ethics review committee in Rotterdam (reference number MEC-2018-052/NL63955.078.18). Findings will be disseminated through academic peer-reviewed publications, conferences and newsletters to patient associations and participants of the study. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The Netherlands Trial Register (NL7626).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije van Dalen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne G M A Pasmans
- Department of Dermatology, Centre of Pediatric Dermatology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marie-Louise Aendekerk
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Irene Mathijssen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, The Dutch Craniofacial Centre, Erasmus MC Sophia-Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maarten Koudstaal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Dutch Craniofacial Centre, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reinier Timman
- Department of Psychiatry, unit of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Heidi Williamson
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M W J Utens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Child Psychiatry Levvel/Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda Okkerse
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Boekhorst MGBM, Beerthuizen A, Hillegers M, Pop VJM, Bergink V. Mother-to-Infant Bonding in Women With a Bipolar Spectrum Disorder. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:646985. [PMID: 33816406 PMCID: PMC8017118 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.646985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Offspring of mothers with a bipolar disorder are at high-risk for impaired developmental outcomes and psychopathology (e. g., mood, anxiety, sleep disorders) later in life. This increased risk of psychopathology is not only because of genetic vulnerability, but environmental factors may play an important role as well. The often long and debilitating mood episodes of mothers with bipolar disorder might hamper their qualities as a caregiver and may impact the child. We examined early mother-to-infant bonding 1 year postpartum in mothers with bipolar spectrum disorder as compared to mothers of the general population. The association between mother-to-infant bonding and the type of bipolar spectrum diagnosis (bipolar I, bipolar II, bipolar Not Otherwise Specified) as well as relapse within 12 months postpartum was also assessed. Methods: In total, 75 pregnant women with a bipolar spectrum disorder participated in the current study. The participants were included in a longitudinal cohort study of women with bipolar spectrum disorder and were prospectively followed from pregnancy until 1 year postpartum. Mother-to-infant bonding was assessed using the Pre- and Postnatal Bonding Scale. A longitudinal population-based cohort of 1,419 pregnant women served as the control group. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the association between bipolar spectrum disorder and mother-to-infant bonding scores, controlling for several confounders. Results: Women with bipolar spectrum disorder perceived the bonding with their child as less positive compared to the control group. The type of bipolar spectrum disorder was not associated with poorer bonding scores. Relapse during the 1st year after delivery also did not affect bonding scores in women with bipolar spectrum disorder. Conclusions: Our findings could imply that women with bipolar spectrum disorder are more vulnerable to impairments in bonding due to the nature of their psychopathology, regardless of the occurrence of postpartum relapse. Careful follow-up including monitoring of mother-to-infant bonding of pregnant women with a history of bipolar spectrum disorder should be a standard to this vulnerable group of women. In addition, regardless of severity and mood episode relapse, an intervention to improve bonding could be beneficial for all mothers with bipolar spectrum disorder and their newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe G B M Boekhorst
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Annemerle Beerthuizen
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Victor J M Pop
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Veerle Bergink
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Departments of Psychiatry and Obstetrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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López-Vicente M, Lamballais S, Louwen S, Hillegers M, Tiemeier H, Muetzel RL, White T. White matter microstructure correlates of age, sex, handedness and motor ability in a population-based sample of 3031 school-age children. Neuroimage 2020; 227:117643. [PMID: 33338611 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the development of white matter microstructure in the general population is an imperative precursor to identifying its involvement in psychopathology. Previous studies have reported changes in white matter microstructure associated with age and different developmental patterns between boys and girls. Handedness has also been related to white matter in adults. Motor performance, tightly dependent on overall neuronal myelination, has been related to the corpus callosum. However, the association between motor performance and global white matter microstructure has not been reported in the literature. In general, these age, sex, handedness, and motor performance associations have been observed using small and poorly representative samples. We examined the relationships between age, sex, handedness, and motor performance, measured with a finger tapping task, and white matter microstructure in the forceps major and minor and in 5 tracts bilaterally (cingulum, corticospinal, inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi, and uncinate) in a population-based sample of 3031 children between 8 and 12 years of age. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were acquired using a single, study-dedicated 3 Tesla scanner. We extracted and quantified features of white matter microstructure for each tract. We computed global DTI metrics by combining scalar values across multiple tracts into single latent factors using a confirmatory factor analysis. The adjusted linear regression models indicated that age was associated with global fractional anisotropy (FA), global mean diffusivity (MD), and almost all the tracts. Further, girls showed lower global MD than boys, while FA values differed by tract, and no age-sex interactions were found. No differences were observed in white matter microstructure between right- and left-handed children. We observed that FA in forceps major was associated with right-hand finger tapping performance. White matter FA in association tracts was only related to motor function before multiple testing correction. Our findings do not provide evidence for a relationship between finger tapping task performance and global white matter microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica López-Vicente
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Lamballais
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzanne Louwen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Zou R, El Marroun H, Cecil C, Jaddoe VWV, Hillegers M, Tiemeier H, White T. Maternal folate levels during pregnancy and offspring brain development in late childhood. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:3391-3400. [PMID: 33279309 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cumulative evidence shows that low maternal folate levels during pregnancy are associated with offspring neuropsychiatric disorders even in the absence of neural tube defects. However, the relationship between prenatal exposure to folate and brain development in late childhood has been rarely investigated. METHODS In 2095 children from a prospective population-based cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, we examined the association of maternal folate levels during pregnancy with downstream brain development in offspring. Maternal folate concentrations were measured from venous blood in early gestation. Child structural neuroimaging data were measured at age 9-11 years. In addition, measures of child head circumference using fetal ultrasound in the third trimester and total brain volume using magnetic resonance imaging at age 6-8 years were used for analyses with repeated assessments of brain development. RESULTS Maternal folate deficiency (i.e., <7 nmol/L) during pregnancy was associated with smaller total brain volume (B = -18.7 cm3, 95% CI -37.2 to -0.2) and smaller cerebral white matter (B = -7.2 cm3, 95% CI -11.8 to -2.6) in children aged 9-11 years. No differences in cortical thickness or surface area were observed. Analysis of the repeated brain assessments showed that children exposed to deficient folate concentrations in utero had persistently smaller brains compared to controls from the third trimester to childhood (β = -0.4, 95% CI -0.6 to -0.1). CONCLUSIONS Low maternal folate levels during pregnancy are associated with altered offspring brain development in childhood, suggesting the importance of essential folate concentrations in early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Zou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Cabré-Riera A, Marroun HE, Muetzel R, van Wel L, Liorni I, Thielens A, Birks LE, Pierotti L, Huss A, Joseph W, Wiart J, Capstick M, Hillegers M, Vermeulen R, Cardis E, Vrijheid M, White T, Röösli M, Tiemeier H, Guxens M. Estimated whole-brain and lobe-specific radiofrequency electromagnetic fields doses and brain volumes in preadolescents. Environ Int 2020; 142:105808. [PMID: 32554140 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between estimated whole-brain and lobe-specific radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) doses, using an improved integrated RF-EMF exposure model, and brain volumes in preadolescents at 9-12 years old. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis in preadolescents aged 9-12 years from the Generation R Study, a population-based birth cohort set up in Rotterdam, The Netherlands (n = 2592). An integrated exposure model was used to estimate whole-brain and lobe-specific RF-EMF doses (mJ/kg/day) from different RF-EMF sources including mobile and Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) phone calls, other mobile phone uses than calling, tablet use, laptop use, and far-field sources. Whole-brain and lobe-specific RF-EMF doses were estimated for all RF-EMF sources together (i.e. overall) and for three groups of RF-EMF sources that lead to a different pattern of RF-EMF exposure. Information on brain volumes was extracted from magnetic resonance imaging scans. RESULTS Estimated overall whole-brain RF-EMF dose was 84.3 mJ/kg/day. The highest overall lobe-specific dose was estimated in the temporal lobe (307.1 mJ/kg/day). Whole-brain and lobe-specific RF-EMF doses from all RF-EMF sources together, from mobile and DECT phone calls, and from far-field sources were not associated with global, cortical, or subcortical brain volumes. However, a higher whole-brain RF-EMF dose from mobile phone use for internet browsing, e-mailing, and text messaging, tablet use, and laptop use while wirelessly connected to the internet was associated with a smaller caudate volume. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that estimated whole-brain and lobe-specific RF-EMF doses were not related to brain volumes in preadolescents at 9-12 years old. Screen activities with mobile communication devices while wirelessly connected to the internet lead to low RF-EMF dose to the brain and our observed association may thus rather reflect effects of social or individual factors related to these specific uses of mobile communication devices. However, we cannot discard residual confounding, chance finding, or reverse causality. Further studies on mobile communication devices and their potential negative associations with brain development are warranted, regardless whether associations are due to RF-EMF exposure or to other factors related to their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Cabré-Riera
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences - Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands
| | - Ryan Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luuk van Wel
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Arno Thielens
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Ellen Birks
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wout Joseph
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joe Wiart
- LTCI, Telecom Paris, Chaire C2M, France
| | | | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elisabeth Cardis
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Kinder Neuroimaging Centrum Rotterdam (KNICR), Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Röösli
- Departement of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4051, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands.
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates an activated immune system as a vulnerability factor for the development of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). In support we detected:1.Monocytosis and monocyte activation (e.g. a specific gene expression signature of inflammation related genes in a coherent pattern) in naturalistically treated SCZ and BD patients, and2.T cell activation in the same patients, be it that it were Treg cells that were more numerous in BD, while in SCZ Treg and Th17 cells numbers were raised.We also tested 70–80 children at ages of 16 and 21 yrs, having1-2 parent(s) with BD. This offspring has a higher chance of developing a mood disorder and over 25% had developed a mood disorder at 21 yrs. Not only the offspring with a lifetime diagnosis of mood disorder had activated monocytes and more Treg cells (similar as BD patients), but also around 40–50% of euthymic offspring had this immune activation profile. Importantly children who were psychiatrically healthy at 16yrs, and had developed a mood disorder at 21 yrs of age, all had activated monocytes at 16yrs.Our data show that both the monocyte and T cell arm of the immune system are activated in SCZ and BD, this activation preceding the onset of first episodes in individuals at risk. Our approach opens new avenues for early detection of psychiatric disease based on the immune state of individuals at risk, enabling possible selection of those individuals who might benefit from an immune modulation treatment to prevent disease.
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Lubczyńska MJ, Muetzel RL, El Marroun H, Basagaña X, Strak M, Denault W, Jaddoe VW, Hillegers M, Vernooij MW, Hoek G, White T, Brunekreef B, Tiemeier H, Guxens M. Exposure to Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Childhood, and White Matter Microstructure in Preadolescents. Environ Health Perspect 2020; 128:27005. [PMID: 32074458 PMCID: PMC7064320 DOI: 10.1289/ehp4709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution has been related to brain structural alterations, but a relationship with white matter microstructure is unclear. OBJECTIVES We assessed whether pregnancy and childhood exposures to air pollution are related to white matter microstructure in preadolescents. METHODS We used data of 2,954 children from the Generation R Study, a population-based birth cohort from Rotterdam, Netherlands (2002-2006). Concentrations of 17 air pollutants including nitrogen oxides (NOX), particulate matter (PM), and components of PM were estimated at participants' homes during pregnancy and childhood using land-use regression models. Diffusion tensor images were obtained at child's 9-12 years of age, and fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were computed. We performed linear regressions adjusting for socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics. Single-pollutant analyses were followed by multipollutant analyses using the Deletion/Substitution/Addition (DSA) algorithm. RESULTS In the single-pollutant analyses, higher concentrations of several air pollutants during pregnancy or childhood were associated with significantly lower FA or higher MD (p<0.05). In multipollutant models of pregnancy exposures selected by DSA, higher concentration of fine particles was associated with significantly lower FA [-0.71 (95% CI: -1.26, -0.16) per 5 μg/m3 fine particles] and higher concentration of elemental silicon with significantly higher MD [0.06 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.11) per 100 ng/m3 silicon]. Multipollutant models of childhood exposures selected by DSA indicated significant associations of NOX with FA [-0.14 (95% CI: -0.23, -0.04) per 20-μg/m3 NOX increase], and of elemental zinc and the oxidative potential of PM with MD [0.03 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.04) per 10-ng/m3 zinc increase and 0.07 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.44) per 1-nmol DTT/min/m3 oxidative potential increase]. Mutually adjusted models of significant exposures during pregnancy and childhood indicated significant associations of silicon during pregnancy, and zinc during childhood, with MD. DISCUSSION Exposure in pregnancy and childhood to air pollutants from tailpipe and non-tailpipe emissions were associated with lower FA and higher MD in white matter of preadolescents. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4709.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata J. Lubczyńska
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)–Campus Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ryan L. Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)–Campus Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maciej Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - William Denault
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gobal Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Meike W. Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)–Campus Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Zou R, El Marroun H, McGrath JJ, Muetzel RL, Hillegers M, White T, Tiemeier H. A prospective population-based study of gestational vitamin D status and brain morphology in preadolescents. Neuroimage 2020; 209:116514. [PMID: 31904491 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low vitamin D level during pregnancy has been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanism remains largely unknown. This study investigated the association between gestational 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and brain morphology in 2597 children at the age of 10 years in the population-based Generation R Study. We studied both 25(OH)D in maternal venous blood in mid-gestation and in umbilical cord blood at delivery, in relation to brain volumetric measures and surface-based cortical metrics including cortical thickness, surface area, and gyrification using linear regression. We found exposure to higher maternal 25(OH)D concentrations in mid-gestation was associated with a larger cerebellar volume in children (b = 0.02, 95%CI 0.001 to 0.04), however this association did not remain after correction for multiple comparisons. In addition, children exposed to persistently deficient (i.e., <25 nmol/L) 25(OH)D concentration from mid-gestation to delivery showed less cerebral gray matter and white matter volumes, as well as smaller surface area and less gyrification at 10 years than those with persistently sufficient (i.e., ≥50 nmol/L) 25(OH)D concentration. These results suggest temporal relationships between gestational vitamin D concentration and brain morphological development in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Zou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - John J McGrath
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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Clemens V, Deschamps P, Fegert JM, Anagnostopoulos D, Bailey S, Doyle M, Eliez S, Hansen AS, Hebebrand J, Hillegers M, Jacobs B, Karwautz A, Kiss E, Kotsis K, Kumperscak HG, Pejovic-Milovancevic M, Christensen AMR, Raynaud JP, Westerinen H, Visnapuu-Bernadt P. Potential effects of "social" distancing measures and school lockdown on child and adolescent mental health. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:739-742. [PMID: 32447569 PMCID: PMC7245163 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Clemens
- Trainees and Early Career CAP platform, Frederiksberg, Denmark ,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Deschamps
- UEMS-CAP, Brussels, Belgium. .,Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jörg M. Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany ,ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu
| | - Dimitris Anagnostopoulos
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National & Kapodistrian, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sue Bailey
- UEMS-CAP, Brussels, Belgium ,Chair Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
| | - Maeve Doyle
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Cavan/Monaghan Mental Health Service, St Davnet’s Hospital, Rooskey, Monaghan, Ireland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anna Sofie Hansen
- UEMS-CAP, Brussels, Belgium ,Research Unit for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manon Hillegers
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Department of child and adolescent psychiatry/psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia children’s hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brian Jacobs
- UEMS-CAP, Brussels, Belgium ,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andreas Karwautz
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eniko Kiss
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Clinic, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Konstantinos Kotsis
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Hojka Gregoric Kumperscak
- UEMS-CAP, Brussels, Belgium ,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, University Clinical Center Maribor, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia ,Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Raynaud
- ESCAP, http://www.escap.eu,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hannu Westerinen
- UEMS-CAP, Brussels, Belgium ,Child psychiatry, Social and Health Services, Kymenlaakso, Finland
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Sallis H, Szekely E, Neumann A, Jolicoeur‐Martineau A, van IJzendoorn M, Hillegers M, Greenwood CM, Meaney MJ, Steiner M, Tiemeier H, Wazana A, Pearson RM, Evans J. General psychopathology, internalising and externalising in children and functional outcomes in late adolescence. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 60:1183-1190. [PMID: 31049953 PMCID: PMC6849715 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internalising and externalising problems commonly co-occur in childhood. Yet, few developmental models describing the structure of child psychopathology appropriately account for this comorbidity. We evaluate a model of childhood psychopathology that separates the unique and shared contribution of individual psychological symptoms into specific internalising, externalising and general psychopathology factors and assess how these general and specific factors predict long-term outcomes concerning criminal behaviour, academic achievement and affective symptoms in three independent cohorts. METHODS Data were drawn from independent birth cohorts (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), N = 11,612; Generation R, N = 7,946; Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment (MAVAN), N = 408). Child psychopathology was assessed between 4 and 8 years using a range of diagnostic and questionnaire-based measures, and multiple informants. First, structural equation models were used to assess the fit of hypothesised models of shared and unique components of psychopathology in all cohorts. Once the model was chosen, linear/logistic regressions were used to investigate whether these factors were associated with important outcomes such as criminal behaviour, academic achievement and well-being from late adolescence/early adulthood. RESULTS The model that included specific factors for internalising/externalising and a general psychopathology factor capturing variance shared between symptoms regardless of their classification fits well for all of the cohorts. As hypothesised, general psychopathology factor scores were predictive of all outcomes of later functioning, while specific internalising factor scores predicted later internalising outcomes. Specific externalising factor scores, capturing variance not shared by any other psychological symptoms, were not predictive of later outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Early symptoms of psychopathology carry information that is syndrome-specific as well as indicative of general vulnerability and the informant reporting on the child. The 'general psychopathology factor' might be more relevant for long-term outcomes than specific symptoms. These findings emphasise the importance of considering the co-occurrence of common internalising and externalising problems in childhood when considering long-term impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Sallis
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol StudiesSchool of Psychological ScienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Eszter Szekely
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontréalQCCanada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchJewish General HospitalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Alexander Neumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Marinus van IJzendoorn
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child StudiesErasmus University RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Primary Care UnitSchool of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Celia M.T. Greenwood
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchJewish General HospitalMontréalQCCanada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational HealthMcGill UniversityMontréalQCCanada
- Departments of Oncology and Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontréalQCCanada
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontréalQCCanada
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréalQCCanada
- Sackler Program for Epigenetics & PsychobiologyMcGill UniversityMontréalQCCanada
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Meir Steiner
- Women's Health Concerns ClinicSt. Joseph's HealthcareHamiltonONCanada
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences and Obstetrics & GynecologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/PsychologyErasmus MC University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral SciencesHarvard T. H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Ashley Wazana
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontréalQCCanada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchJewish General HospitalMontréalQCCanada
- Centre for Child Development and Mental HealthJewish General HospitalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Rebecca M. Pearson
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Jonathan Evans
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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Zou R, Tiemeier H, van der Ende J, Verhulst FC, Muetzel RL, White T, Hillegers M, El Marroun H. Exposure to Maternal Depressive Symptoms in Fetal Life or Childhood and Offspring Brain Development: A Population-Based Imaging Study. Am J Psychiatry 2019; 176:702-710. [PMID: 31055967 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18080970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors examined associations of exposure to maternal depressive symptoms at different developmental stages from fetal life to preadolescence with child brain development, including volumetrics and white matter microstructure. METHODS This study was embedded in a longitudinal birth cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Participants were 3,469 mother-child pairs with data on maternal depressive symptoms and child neuroimaging at age 10. The authors also measured child emotional and behavioral problems at the time of neuroimaging. The association of maternal depressive symptoms with child brain development at each assessment was examined. Maternal depressive symptom trajectories were modeled across fetal life and childhood to determine the association of maternal depressive symptom patterns over time with child brain development. RESULTS The single-time-point analyses showed that maternal depressive symptoms at child age 2 months were associated with smaller total gray matter volume and lower global fractional anisotropy (FA), whereas maternal depressive symptoms assessed prenatally or in childhood were not. The trajectory analyses suggested in particular that children exposed to persistently high levels of maternal depressive symptoms across the perinatal period had smaller gray and white matter volumes as well as alterations (i.e., lower FA) in white matter microstructure compared with nonexposed children. Furthermore, the gray matter volume differences mediated the association between postnatal maternal depressive symptoms and child attention problems. CONCLUSIONS Perinatal maternal depressive symptoms were consistently associated with child brain development assessed 10 years later. These results suggest that the postnatal period is a window of vulnerability for adversities such as maternal depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Zou
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Zou, Tiemeier, van der Ende, Verhulst, Muetzel, White, Hillegers, El Marroun), the Department of Radiology (White), and the Department of Pediatrics (El Marroun), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston (Tiemeier); and the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Verhulst)
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Zou, Tiemeier, van der Ende, Verhulst, Muetzel, White, Hillegers, El Marroun), the Department of Radiology (White), and the Department of Pediatrics (El Marroun), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston (Tiemeier); and the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Verhulst)
| | - Jan van der Ende
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Zou, Tiemeier, van der Ende, Verhulst, Muetzel, White, Hillegers, El Marroun), the Department of Radiology (White), and the Department of Pediatrics (El Marroun), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston (Tiemeier); and the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Verhulst)
| | - Frank C Verhulst
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Zou, Tiemeier, van der Ende, Verhulst, Muetzel, White, Hillegers, El Marroun), the Department of Radiology (White), and the Department of Pediatrics (El Marroun), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston (Tiemeier); and the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Verhulst)
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Zou, Tiemeier, van der Ende, Verhulst, Muetzel, White, Hillegers, El Marroun), the Department of Radiology (White), and the Department of Pediatrics (El Marroun), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston (Tiemeier); and the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Verhulst)
| | - Tonya White
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Zou, Tiemeier, van der Ende, Verhulst, Muetzel, White, Hillegers, El Marroun), the Department of Radiology (White), and the Department of Pediatrics (El Marroun), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston (Tiemeier); and the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Verhulst)
| | - Manon Hillegers
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Zou, Tiemeier, van der Ende, Verhulst, Muetzel, White, Hillegers, El Marroun), the Department of Radiology (White), and the Department of Pediatrics (El Marroun), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston (Tiemeier); and the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Verhulst)
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Zou, Tiemeier, van der Ende, Verhulst, Muetzel, White, Hillegers, El Marroun), the Department of Radiology (White), and the Department of Pediatrics (El Marroun), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston (Tiemeier); and the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Verhulst)
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Muetzel RL, Mulder RH, Lamballais S, Cortes Hidalgo AP, Jansen P, Güroğlu B, Vernooiji MW, Hillegers M, White T, El Marroun H, Tiemeier H. Frequent Bullying Involvement and Brain Morphology in Children. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:696. [PMID: 31607968 PMCID: PMC6771170 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Over the past few decades, bullying has been recognized as a considerable public health concern. Involvement in bullying is associated with poor long-term social and psychiatric outcomes for both perpetrators and targets of bullying. Despite this concerning prognosis, few studies have investigated possible neurobiological correlates of bullying involvement that may explain the long-term impact of bullying. Cortical thickness is ideally suited for examining deviations in typical brain development, as it has been shown to detect subtle differences in children with psychopathology. We tested associations between bullying involvement and cortical thickness using a large, population-based cohort. Methods: The study sample consisted of 2,602 participants from the Generation R Study. When children were 8 years old, parents and teachers reported on common forms of child bullying involvement (physical, verbal, and relational). Questions ascertained whether a child was involved as a perpetrator (n = 82), a target of bullying (n = 92), as a combined perpetrator and target of bullying (n = 47), or uninvolved in frequent bullying (n = 2,381). High-resolution structural MRI was conducted when children were 10 years of age. Cortical thickness estimates across the cortical mantle were compared among groups. Results: Children classified as frequent targets of bullying showed thicker cortex in the fusiform gyrus compared to those uninvolved in bullying (B = 0.108, p corrected < 0.001). Results remained consistent when adjusted for socioeconomic factors, general intelligence, and psychiatric symptoms. Children classified as frequent perpetrators showed thinner cortex in the cuneus region; however, this association did not survive stringent correction for multiple testing. Lastly, no differences in cortical thickness were observed in perpetrator-targets. Discussion: Bullying involvement in young children was associated with differential cortical morphology. Specifically, the fusiform gyrus, often involved in facial processing, showed thicker cortex in targets of frequent bullying. Longitudinal data are necessary to demonstrate the temporality of the underlying neurobiology associated with bullying involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rosa H Mulder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander Lamballais
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrea P Cortes Hidalgo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pauline Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Berna Güroğlu
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooiji
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,The Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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41
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Goldstein BI, Birmaher B, Carlson GA, DelBello MP, Findling RL, Fristad M, Kowatch RA, Miklowitz DJ, Nery FG, Perez‐Algorta G, Van Meter A, Zeni CP, Correll CU, Kim H, Wozniak J, Chang KD, Hillegers M, Youngstrom EA. The International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force report on pediatric bipolar disorder: Knowledge to date and directions for future research. Bipolar Disord 2017; 19:524-543. [PMID: 28944987 PMCID: PMC5716873 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Over the past two decades, there has been tremendous growth in research regarding bipolar disorder (BD) among children and adolescents (ie, pediatric BD [PBD]). The primary purpose of this article is to distill the extant literature, dispel myths or exaggerated assertions in the field, and disseminate clinically relevant findings. METHODS An international group of experts completed a selective review of the literature, emphasizing areas of consensus, identifying limitations and gaps in the literature, and highlighting future directions to mitigate these gaps. RESULTS Substantial, and increasingly international, research has accumulated regarding the phenomenology, differential diagnosis, course, treatment, and neurobiology of PBD. Prior division around the role of irritability and of screening tools in diagnosis has largely abated. Gold-standard pharmacologic trials inform treatment of manic/mixed episodes, whereas fewer data address bipolar depression and maintenance/continuation treatment. Adjunctive psychosocial treatment provides a forum for psychoeducation and targets primarily depressive symptoms. Numerous neurocognitive and neuroimaging studies, and increasing peripheral biomarker studies, largely converge with prior findings from adults with BD. CONCLUSIONS As data have accumulated and controversy has dissipated, the field has moved past existential questions about PBD toward defining and pursuing pressing clinical and scientific priorities that remain. The overall body of evidence supports the position that perceptions about marked international (US vs elsewhere) and developmental (pediatric vs adult) differences have been overstated, although additional research on these topics is warranted. Traction toward improved outcomes will be supported by continued emphasis on pathophysiology and novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar DisorderSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoCanada,Departments of Psychiatry and PharmacologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Boris Birmaher
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Gabrielle A Carlson
- Department of PsychiatryStony Brook University School of MedicineStony BrookNYUSA
| | - Melissa P DelBello
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Robert L Findling
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral SciencesThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Mary Fristad
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center/Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOHUSA
| | - Robert A Kowatch
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center/Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOHUSA
| | | | - Fabiano G Nery
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA
| | | | - Anna Van Meter
- Ferkauf Graduate School of PsychologyYeshiva UniversityBronxNYUSA
| | | | - Christoph U Correll
- The Zucker Hillside HospitalDepartment of PsychiatryNorthwell HealthGlen OaksNYUSA,Department of Psychiatry and Molecular MedicineHofstra Northwell School of MedicineHempsteadNYUSA
| | - Hyo‐Won Kim
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Janet Wozniak
- Clinical and Research Program in Pediatric PsychopharmacologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Kiki D Chang
- Department of PsychiatryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyErasmus Medical Center‐SophiaRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eric A Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
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42
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Vink M, de Leeuw M, Pouwels R, van den Munkhof HE, Kahn RS, Hillegers M. Diminishing striatal activation across adolescent development during reward anticipation in offspring of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Res 2016; 170:73-9. [PMID: 26631365 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder associated with impaired fronto-striatal functioning. Similar deficits are observed in unaffected siblings of patients, indicating that these deficits are linked to a familial risk for the disorder. Fronto-striatal deficits may arise during adolescence and precede clinical manifestation of the disorder. However, the development of the fronto-striatal network in adolescents at increased familial risk for schizophrenia is still poorly understood. In this cross-sectional study, we investigate the impact of familial risk on fronto-striatal functioning across age related to reward anticipation and receipt in 25 adolescent offspring of schizophrenia patients (SZ offspring) and 36 age-matched healthy controls (range 10-19years). Subjects performed a reward task while being scanned with functional MRI. Overall response times and the amount of money won did not differ between the groups. Striatal activation during reward anticipation decreased across age in the SZ offspring, while it did not in the healthy controls. Activation in the orbitofrontal cortex during reward receipt did not differ between the groups. These results, taken together with data from adult schizophrenia patients and their siblings, indicate that the diminishing striatal activation across adolescence may signify a familial vulnerability for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs Vink
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Max de Leeuw
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruby Pouwels
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna E van den Munkhof
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - René S Kahn
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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43
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Kok L, Sep M, Veldhuijzen D, Cornelisse S, Nierich A, Van der Maaten J, Rosseel P, Hofland J, Dieleman J, Vinkers C, Peelen L, Joëls M, Van Dijk D, Hillegers M. Trait anxiety mediates stress-related psychopathology after cardiac surgery and ICU stay. Crit Care 2015. [PMCID: PMC4472979 DOI: 10.1186/cc14630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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44
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Vink M, Derks JM, Hoogendam JM, Hillegers M, Kahn RS. Functional differences in emotion processing during adolescence and early adulthood. Neuroimage 2014; 91:70-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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45
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Vink M, Zandbelt BB, Gladwin T, Hillegers M, Hoogendam JM, van den Wildenberg WPM, Du Plessis S, Kahn RS. Frontostriatal activity and connectivity increase during proactive inhibition across adolescence and early adulthood. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 35:4415-27. [PMID: 24532023 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During adolescence, functional and structural changes in the brain facilitate the transition from childhood to adulthood. Because the cortex and the striatum mature at different rates, temporary imbalances in the frontostriatal network occur. Here, we investigate the development of the subcortical and cortical components of the frontostriatal network from early adolescence to early adulthood in 60 subjects in a cross-sectional design, using functional MRI and a stop-signal task measuring two forms of inhibitory control: reactive inhibition (outright stopping) and proactive inhibition (anticipation of stopping). During development, reactive inhibition improved: older subjects were faster in reactive inhibition. In the brain, this was paralleled by an increase in motor cortex suppression. The level of proactive inhibition increased, with older subjects slowing down responding more than younger subjects when anticipating a stop-signal. Activation increased in the right striatum, right ventral and dorsal inferior frontal gyrus, and supplementary motor area. Moreover, functional connectivity during proactive inhibition increased between striatum and frontal regions with age. In conclusion, we demonstrate that developmental improvements in proactive inhibition are paralleled by increases in activation and functional connectivity of the frontostriatal network. These data serve as a stepping stone to investigate abnormal development of the frontostriatal network in disorders such as schizophrenia and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs Vink
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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46
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Schaap N, Schattenberg A, Mensink E, Preijers F, Hillegers M, Knops R, Pennings A, Boezeman J, Geurts van Kessel A, de Pauw B, de Witte T. Long-term follow-up of persisting mixed chimerism after partially T cell-depleted allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Leukemia 2002; 16:13-21. [PMID: 11840258 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2001] [Accepted: 09/28/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Using red cell phenotyping (RCP) and/or cytogenetics (CYT) we identified 19 patients with persisting mixed chimerism (MC) among 231 patients transplanted with partially T cell-depleted stem cell grafts from HLA-identical siblings. Persisting MC is defined as MC for more than 2 years in patients without any evidence of relapse. Median leukemia-free survival in these patients was 150 (range, 50-218) months. Diagnoses were ALL (n= 10); AML (n = 2); CML (n = 2); NHL (n = 2); MDS (n= 1); MM (n = 1) and SAA (n = 1). Purpose of this study was the long-term follow-up of MC and definition of patterns of chimerism in the various subsets of PBMCs and granulocytes. Using a PCR-STR technique CD3(+)/CD4(+) (T4 lymphocytes), CD3(+)/CD8(+) (T8 lymphocytes), CD45(+)/CD19(+) (B lymphocytes), CD45(+)/CD14(+) (monocytes), CD45(+)/CD15(+) (granulocytes) and CD3(-)/CD56(+) (NK-cells) were analyzed. The majority of patients with persisting MC were conditioned with a less intensive conditioning regimen and had little GVHD. Sequential monitoring of the chimerism resulted in a group of patients (n = 7) with very slow transient mixed chimerism that resulted in complete DC after median 7 years. Another nine patients had a relatively high percentage of persisting autologous cells for a median of 12 years and in three patients we observed a stable low percentage of autologous cells. Only two out of 19 patients (AML-CR1, CML-CP1) relapsed during follow-up. Both patients had a relatively high percentage of autologous cells. Chimerism in granulocytes and PBMC subsets was analyzed at a median of 8 years after SCT in nine patients. In five patients mixed chimerism simultaneously detected by RCP and CYT was associated with MC in all subsets. Within each individual patient the percentages of donor and recipient cells were very different between the different subsets. Two CML-CP1 patients were mixed chimera in only two subsets and in one patient these subsets represented pending relapse. In another two patients mixed chimerism with a very low number of autologous red cells was not found in the PBMCs because of the different sensitivity level of the RCP and the PCR-STR technique. We conclude that in patients with persisting mixed chimerism after partially T cell-depleted SCT a remarkable number of patients had lymphoid malignancies, the majority of the patients were conditioned with less intensive conditioning regimens and the mixed chimerism was not correlated with relapse. Chimerism in granulocytes and PBMC subsets did show great intra-individual differences in the subsets and these data correlated well with RCP and CYT data with the exception of the NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Schaap
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center St Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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47
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Killestein J, Hillegers M, van der Windt C, Stilma JS. Outcome of cataract surgery by a general medical doctor at district level, Zimbabwe: a retrospective follow-up study. Int Ophthalmol 1996; 20:279-83. [PMID: 9112200 DOI: 10.1007/bf00131924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
From January 1990 until October 1992, 103 Zimbabwean patients underwent intracapsular cataract extraction by a general medical doctor. Of the first 100 patients operated upon, 50 were traced of which 37 could be assessed adequately. Operative complications and visual acuities after three months show that this is an effective means of restoring sight, but that a longer period of training of a general medical doctor than one month is adviseable. Twenty-five patients (68%) have a vision of 3/60 or better, which would have been 34 patients (92%) if post-operative refraction and adequate provision of glasses had been provided. The careful attention required regarding patients' needs and refraction is stressed by the authors. The study or better this factual report suggests that cataract surgery performed by a general medical doctor is an alternative for clearing the cataract backlog in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Killestein
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
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48
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Van der Lely N, Minderman H, Wessels H, Hillegers M, Linssen P, Pennings A, Brons P, Boezeman J, De Witte T. Detection of incorporated iododeoxyuridine in colonies by immunoperoxidase staining: a novel method to measure the proportion of cycling colony-forming cells. Exp Hematol 1995; 23:236-43. [PMID: 7875241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In vitro suicide by tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR), hydroxyurea (HU), or cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) is assumed to reflect the proportion of colony-forming cells in S-phase at the time of exposure. However, these techniques are not always accurate. Nonradioactive iododeoxyuridine (IdUrd) is incorporated into DNA during S-phase and can be detected by monoclonal antibodies. In the present study, a new IdUrd application was developed to investigate the kinetics of hematopoietic progenitor cells. After incubation with IdUrd, colony-forming cells were cultured in semisolid assay. An immunoperoxidase staining protocol was developed to detect IdUrd in cells of colonies in agar. Colony-forming cells in S-phase during the IdUrd exposure were postulated to give rise to IdUrd+ colonies, whereas non-S-phase cells would generate IdUrd- colonies. Toxicity, sensitivity, and IdUrd inactivation studies indicated that progenitor cells could safely be pulse-labeled for 2 hours with 40 microM IdUrd, whereas prolonged labeling with 1 microM IdUrd was at least feasible for 5 days. Molt-4 cells and normal bone marrow cells were used to compare IdUrd pulse-labeling with 3H-TdR suicide. Part of the Molt-4 cells were enriched for G1- and S-phase cells by counterflow centrifugation. The bone marrow cells were either unstimulated or stimulated with growth factors. As a result, the accuracy of both techniques could be tested in populations with different quantities of S-phase cells. Wide confidence intervals of the suicide technique contrasted with the small confidence intervals obtained with IdUrd pulse-labeling. For instance, the fraction of Molt-4 cells with 27.8% S-phase cells contained 17.7% (confidence interval -8.2 to 43.6%) clonogenic cells in S-phase when determined with 3H-TdR suicide. Of this fraction, the percentage of clonogenic cells in S-phase was 30.6% with a confidence interval of 25.5 to 36.2% when determined with IdUrd pulse-labeling. In our hands, the IdUrd pulse-labeling was more accurate than the 3H-TdR suicide technique. Thus far, kinetic studies of progenitors have been limited to the determination of the fraction of S-phase cells by suicide techniques. By prolonged IdUrd labeling, it is now possible to determine the proliferating fraction of progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Van der Lely
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
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