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Alrashdi DH, Alyafei AH, Alanazi SA, Meyer C, Gould RL. Cultural adaptations of third-wave psychotherapies in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A systematic review. Transcult Psychiatry 2024; 61:209-228. [PMID: 38332485 PMCID: PMC10943625 DOI: 10.1177/13634615241227691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The effectiveness of third-wave psychotherapies has been demonstrated in a range of mental and physical health conditions in Western cultures. However, little is known about the cultural appropriateness and effectiveness of third-wave psychotherapies for Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) populations. This review aimed to critically evaluate cultural adaptations to third-wave psychotherapies and explored the effectiveness of these interventions on physical and mental health outcomes in GCC populations. Five bibliographic databases and grey literature were searched; both English and Arabic studies conducted in the GCC were included. Mental and physical health-related outcomes were included. Eleven studies were identified. The overall degree of cultural adaptation ranged from 2 to 5, based on Bernal et al.'s cultural adaptation framework. Language and assessment tools were most frequently adapted. Several studies incorporated goal, method, and context adaptations, whereas metaphor and content were least frequently adapted. None of the studies incorporated person or concept adaptations. Culturally adapted third-wave psychotherapies were associated with improvement in numerous mental health outcomes, including psychological distress, well-being, and psychological traits. No physical health outcomes were identified. Although findings are promising with respect to the effectiveness of third-wave psychotherapies for GCC populations, they should be interpreted with caution due to the small number of studies conducted, cultural adaptation evaluations relying on explicit reporting in studies, and the weak methodological quality of studies. Future rigorous research is needed in the evaluation of culturally adapted third-wave psychotherapies in GCC populations, with more comprehensive reporting of cultural considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa H. Alrashdi
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, KSA
| | - Aisha H. Alyafei
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - Samar A. Alanazi
- Prince Mohammed Bin Salman Center for Autism and Developmental Disorders, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, KSA
| | - Carly Meyer
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
- Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - Rebecca L. Gould
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, UK
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Al-Ghafri Q, Radcliffe P, Gilchrist G. Barriers and facilitators to accessing inpatient and community substance use treatment and harm reduction services for people who use drugs in the Muslim communities: A systematic narrative review of studies on the experiences of people who receive services and service providers. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 244:109790. [PMID: 36805826 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of drug use in Muslim communities is difficult to estimate due to religious, social, and cultural prohibition toward drug use. With Islam affecting all aspects of life in the Muslim world, people who use drugs do it clandestinely to avoid stigma and exclusion from the community, leading to a low number of them seeking treatment for their drug use. This review explored the barriers and facilitators to accessing inpatient and community substance use treatment and harm reduction services for people who use drugs in Muslim communities. METHODS This review was in accordance with PRISMA. Seven databases were systematically searched for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies conducted in countries where at least 70% of the population were Muslim or where data were presented separately for Muslim communities in other countries. Eligible articles were reviewed, and key qualitative themes were abstracted and compared across studies and settings. RESULTS Twenty-four studies were included from Iran, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Egypt, Lebanon, and UAE. Two themes were identified: a psychosocial theme included denial of the problem severity, lack of trust in the treatment system, fear of breach in confidentiality and privacy, the need for community support, religion and women who use drugs. Additionally, an organizational theme included affordability, treatment Service characteristics, lack of Awareness, service providers' Attitudes, drug use registration and fear of legal consequences of drug use. Stigma was also identified as an over-arching theme. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to assess the quality of the included studies with where 12 of the studies met all 5 the quality criteria. No studies were excluded for having lower quality scores. CONCLUSION This review reflected how diverse the Muslim world is in drug use. It is important to use mosques to raise awareness on people who use drugs and reduce stigma. Providing holistic services for people who use drugs specially women will improve their access to treatment and harm reduction services in the Muslim world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qutba Al-Ghafri
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, National, National Addiction Centre, 4 Windsor Walk, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 8BB, UK.
| | - Polly Radcliffe
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, National, National Addiction Centre, 4 Windsor Walk, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 8BB, UK.
| | - Gail Gilchrist
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, National, National Addiction Centre, 4 Windsor Walk, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 8BB, UK.
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Cucchi A. Integrating Cognitive Behavioural and Islamic Principles in Psychology and Psychotherapy: A Narrative Review. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:4849-4870. [PMID: 35589995 PMCID: PMC9119255 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Standardisation of knowledge has become a by-product of globalisation, and western-based models are often seen as the ultimate answer to expertise and development. In light of this, some professionals have debated the feasibility of employing cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) with Muslim communities. Debates have focused on CBT's secular roots and its compatibility with a world where Islam permeates most aspects of life. This article highlights some of the theoretical dilemmas of integration and suggests ways to bridge the existing gap between secular and Islamic literature and avoid alienating those individuals who might feel uncomfortable with secular CBT teachings.
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Al-Darmaki F, Yaaqeib SI, Partridge S. Ethical standards for psychological practice in the UAE: current status and aspirations. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2118122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fadhil I, Ali R, Al-Raisi SS, Bin Belaila BA, Galadari S, Javed A, Sulaiman K, Saeed K, Arifeen S. Review of National Healthcare Systems in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries for Noncommunicable Diseases Management. Oman Med J 2022; 37:e370. [PMID: 35602320 PMCID: PMC9087205 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2021.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of mortality in all Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member countries and place a substantial economic burden on the governments and people. The escalating demand for NCD-related health services takes an enormous toll on health systems in these countries. There is an urgent need to make significant advances in the healthcare infrastructure and develop strategies to overcome the NCD challenge. This review aims to provide the status of national healthcare systems and national NCD policies in GCC countries to highlight the challenges and identify opportunities towards strengthening NCD management and control. Methods We searched the PubMed database, the World Health Organization, and the Ministry of Health websites of GCC countries to identify relevant information. Results Future strategies and investments in healthcare infrastructure to overcome the NCD challenge include continuing high-level commitment towards multisectoral actions, redesigning healthcare delivery to advance universal healthcare coverage, enabling integration of healthcare services through organizational alignment to maintain care continuum, building the capacity of health workforce, developing effective treatment strategies through research based on local populations, integrating mental health into general public health policy, and lastly, establishing reliable NCD surveillance and monitoring programs. Conclusions Measures to address NCDs must be continued with focus on health-in-all policies, and whole-of-government and whole-of-society approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtihal Fadhil
- Eastern Mediterranean Noncommunicable Diseases Alliance, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Raghib Ali
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Shadha S. Al-Raisi
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Directorate General of Primary Healthcare, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Buthaina Abdulla Bin Belaila
- NCD-Ministry of Health and Prevention, Member of Noncommunicable Diseases Supreme National Committee, Dubai, UAE
| | - Sehamuddin Galadari
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Experimental Research Building, Division of Science (Biology), New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Afzal Javed
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, UK; World Psychiatric Association, UK
| | - Kadhim Sulaiman
- National Heart Center, Royal Hospital; Specialized Medical Care, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
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Crawford MA, Wang Y, Marsh DE, Johnson MR, Ogundipe E, Ibrahim A, Rajkumar H, Kowsalya S, Kothapalli KSD, Brenna JT. Neurodevelopment, nutrition and genetics. A contemporary retrospective on neurocognitive health on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 180:102427. [PMID: 35413515 PMCID: PMC9152880 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In celebration of the centenary of the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad, India (1918-2018), a symposium highlighted the progress in nutrition knowledge made over the century, as well as major gaps in implementation of that knowledge. Brain famine caused by a shortage of nutrients required for perinatal brain development has unfortunately become a global reality, even as protein-calorie famine was largely averted by the development of high yield crops. While malnutrition remains widespread, the neglect of global food policies that support brain development and maintenance are most alarming. Brain disorders now top the list of the global burden of disease, even with obesity rising throughout the world. Neurocognitive health, remarkably, is seldom listed among the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and is therefore seldom considered as a component of food policy. Most notably, the health of mothers before conception and through pregnancy as mediated by proper nutrition has been neglected by the current focus on early death in non-neurocognitive NCDs, thereby compromising intellectual development of the ensuing generations. Foods with balanced essential fatty acids and ample absorbable micronutrients are plentiful for populations with access to shore-based foods, but deficient only a few kilometres away from the sea. Sustained access to brain supportive foods is a priority for India and throughout the world to enable each child to develop to their intellectual potential, and support a prosperous, just, and peaceful world. Nutrition education and food policy should place the nutritional requirements for the brain on top of the list of priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Crawford
- Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus of Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus of Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - David E Marsh
- Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus of Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus of Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Enitan Ogundipe
- Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus of Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahamed Ibrahim
- National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Hemalatha Rajkumar
- National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - S Kowsalya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, India
| | - Kumar S D Kothapalli
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX 78723, United States.
| | - J T Brenna
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX 78723, United States.
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Al-Sawafi A, Lovell K, Renwick L, Husain N. Exploring the experience of relatives living with individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in Oman: A qualitative study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2021; 28:1029-1040. [PMID: 34236737 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Relatives of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia experience financial, social, emotional and physical burden. There is a lack of studies on the experience and needs of caregivers of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in the Arab world. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This is the first qualitative study to reflect the voice of parents, siblings and spouses living with schizophrenia in the Arab world. The study explored the needs of relatives of hospitalized patients. This study revealed some positive elements of caregiving experience, especially among siblings. The concept of stigma resistance may guide the establishment of stigma reduction programmes. Violence towards the relatives or vice versa is a sensitive issue that needs to be addressed and reported. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Nurses should address parents, spouses and siblings' specific needs and challenges to include them in their relatives' treatment plan. Understanding the experience, feelings and needs of relatives living with schizophrenia would enable mental health nurses to provide a range of interventions to help reduce caregivers' burden and promote the positive gains from the caregiving experience. The study emphasizes the need for culturally adapted family interventions to effectively assist relatives in providing care and adjusting to the caregiving role. ABSTRACT: Introduction Relatives of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia often experience positive and negative impacts. Much of the literature on family experience with schizophrenia comes from western culture, and less is known about Arabic speaking countries. There has been no previous attempt to qualitatively investigate the lived experience of relatives of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia in the Arab world. Aim To explore the experience and needs of Omani relatives of hospitalized patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Method Qualitative semi-structured interviews with twenty relatives of hospitalized patients from Oman. The interviews were analysed using framework analysis. Results Parents, spouses and siblings were confronted with a burden specific to the demand of different life situations, and their needs differ accordingly. The findings showed four themes: burden, stigma, violence and needs. Discussion This study provides insight into the experience of Omani relatives living with schizophrenia. Although the caregiving experience appears negative, some positive elements of caregiving experience were prominent among siblings. Furthermore, the violence phenomenon among individuals with schizophrenia needs to be addressed as a priority. Implications for practice Understanding the experience, feelings and needs of relatives living with schizophrenia would enable mental health nurses to provide a range of interventions to help reduce caregivers' burden and promote the positive gains from the caregiving experience. The concept of stigma resistance in the Arab world may guide the establishment of stigma reduction programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karina Lovell
- Director of Research & Professor of Mental Health at Division of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Work, University of Manchester
| | - Laoise Renwick
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester
| | - Nusrat Husain
- Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist Early Intervention Service Associate Medical Director, University of Manchester, Research Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust
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Inocian EP, Nolfi DA, Felicilda-Reynaldo RFD, Bodrick MM, Aldohayan A, Kalarchian MA. Bariatric surgery in the Middle East and North Africa: narrative review with focus on culture-specific considerations. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1933-1941. [PMID: 34332910 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing volume of bariatric surgeries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), but the context of bariatric surgery in the region is not fully understood. Incorporating culture-specific considerations in the provision of care to patients who undergo bariatric surgery may help to optimize outcomes after surgery. We conducted a narrative review of published research studies on bariatric surgery in the MENA region, highlighting cultural and contextual aspects relevant to the care of bariatric surgery patients who undergo surgery in this geographic area. The authors searched the following online databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Academic Search Elite from 2010-2020 for studies conducted in 18 countries in the MENA region. This narrative review identifies cultural-specific considerations that may affect bariatric care and outcomes in 6 domains: knowledge of bariatric surgery; mental health, body image, and quality of life; influence of family; religion and lifestyle; preoperative practices; and healthcare access. Provision of culturally congruent care may help patients to achieve the best possible outcomes after bariatric surgery. Results may inform efforts to provide safe and culture-specific care in the MENA region, as well as those who migrate or seek care in other countries. More research is warranted on this heterogeneous population to optimize postsurgery weight trajectory and psychosocial adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ergie P Inocian
- School of Nursing, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - David A Nolfi
- Gumberg Library, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Mustafa M Bodrick
- Health Academy, Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Aldohayan
- Department of Surgery, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Gender gap in mental health research productivity: Results from Qatar. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 54:102347. [PMID: 33271680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Qatar's contribution to biomedical research has increased significantly in the past couple of decades, but the exact participation of women researchers remains obscure. This study aims to explore the gender gap in research production of Qatar in the field of mental health. METHODS The authors searched five databases for published articles from Qatar in the field of mental health from 2015 to 2019. The authors examined the retrieved articles for the gender gap in 1) the number of researchers. 2) the numbers of articles produced by men-only research teams vs. the research teams included women. 3) h-index. 4) foreign collaboration. 5) research design and themes. RESULTS The authors identified 152 published articles in the field of mental health. Men researchers outnumbered women researchers (124 vs. 81). Men had statistically significant higher h-index compared to women (14.6 ± 1.4 vs 4.6 ± 0.9; p < 0.001). Research teams that included women had produced fewer articles compared to men-only groups (41.4 %), they also had less foreign collaborators (68 % vs. 91 %, p = 0.001). They were less involved in experimental research and more involved in observational research compared to male-only research groups (15.90 % vs. 38.6 % and 47.6 % vs. 25 % respectively; p = 0.034). In articles with women authors, women were the first authors in 50.8 % of the articles, and men were the senior authors in 79.4 % of them. CONCLUSION The study identifies gender gaps in some aspects of research productivity in Qatar. This data will provide a benchmark for future research in the field.
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Alzahrani O. Depressive disorders in the Arabian Gulf Cooperation Council countries: a literature review. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520961917. [PMID: 33086878 PMCID: PMC7585904 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520961917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the contributions from the six Arabian Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to the national scientific literature on depressive disorders. METHODS This literature review identified all of the published studies on all major depressive disorders as cited on the PubMed® and APA PsycInfo® databases from inception to 31 December 2016 from the six GGC countries. Data were extracted using a standardized form. The study compared the volume of research production between the countries by calculating an index that allowed for the country population size. RESULTS A total of 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. Saudi Arabia headed the list of publications (10 articles) followed by the United Arab Emirates (n = 6), Kuwait (n = 5), Qatar (n = 3); and Bahrain and Oman produced two articles each. Only six out of the 28 (21.4%) studies included a random sample or adopted good sampling strategies. The majority of studies (24 of 28; 85.7%) were cross-sectional in design. Only one study clearly stated the use of the DSM-4 criteria for diagnosis. CONCLUSION The scientific literature published by the GCC countries on depressive disorders is scant and lacking scientific depth. These findings should be considered as a wake-up call for public health researchers, mental health workers and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owiss Alzahrani
- Department of Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Chatterji S. The Saudi National Mental Health Survey: Filling critical gaps in methodology and data in mental health epidemiology. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2020; 29:e1852. [PMID: 32945556 PMCID: PMC7507492 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Chatterji
- Department of Data and Analytics, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Al-Sawafi A, Lovell K, Renwick L, Husain N. Psychosocial family interventions for relatives of people living with psychotic disorders in the Arab world: systematic review. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:413. [PMID: 32819316 PMCID: PMC7441715 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02816-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family interventions in schizophrenia are evidence based and have been adapted to different cultural settings to improve their effectiveness and acceptability. The Arab world has a unique set of socio-cultural norms and values that cannot be ignored when developing or implementing such interventions. There is a lack of research on the feasibility of delivering family interventions for schizophrenia in the Arab region. The aim of this review is to synthesise the available evidence about culturally-adapted psychosocial family interventions in the Arab world. The review identifies the content and characteristics of these interventions, determines the strategies used to adapt them to Arab culture successfully, assesses the feasibility and acceptability of the interventions, and evaluates the effectiveness of these interventions for service users and their families. METHOD Five electronic databases were searched including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and EMBASE for articles written in Arabic and English from inception to August 2019. Data were extracted and synthesised narratively. RESULTS Six studies were retrieved from the search: three randomised control studies, two non-randomised studies and one qualitative study. There is limited evidence about culturally-adapted family interventions in the Arab region. However, the cultural adaptation process was comprehensive, and the implementation was reported to be feasible and acceptable. The methodological quality of the included studies was generally poor, so there is a risk of underestimating the effect size of the interventions due to lack of rigour and the presence of bias. CONCLUSION The present review provides the foundation for future work regarding family interventions in the Arab world, and confirms the feasibility of implementing such interventions with some modifications. Furthermore, the data suggests that any family-oriented intervention for schizophrenia is likely to be better than standard care in improving the outcome for patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziza Al-Sawafi
- Division of Nursing Midwifery & Social Work, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, College of Nursing/ Sultan Qaboos University of Manchester, Jean McFarlane Building Room 3.33 Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - Karina Lovell
- Mental Health in the Division of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Work, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - Laoise Renwick
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - Nusrat Husain
- Division of Psychology & Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
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Zeinoun P, Akl EA, Maalouf FT, Meho LI. The Arab Region's Contribution to Global Mental Health Research (2009-2018): A Bibliometric Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:182. [PMID: 32265754 PMCID: PMC7096372 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mental health research output in the Arab region is increasing, yet little is known about its recent landscape. This study provides a bibliometric analysis of mental health research in all 22 Arab countries over the past decade. Method: We used 760 journals and numerous keywords to search for articles published between 2009 and 2018 by individuals affiliated with institutions located in the Arab region. We analyzed data within Arab countries and between Arab and non-Arab countries. Results: We found that research output in the Arab world has increased by almost 160% in the past ten years, in comparison to 57% for the rest of the world. The quality of publications has also steadily improved, and so did international collaboration. Despite the progress, the number of articles per capita remains remarkably lower for the Arab world compared to the rest of the world. Also, the majority of articles continue to emanate from a limited number of countries (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Lebanon) and institutions within these countries. Mental health research topics in the Arab region are similar to those found in low- and middle-income countries of Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Conclusion: The region needs to invest more in mental health research to close the gap with other medical and healthcare research areas and with the rest of the world. The region also needs to increase its international collaboration and research training to produce higher-quality studies, attract more funding, and publish more in top journals. As the region's population continues to face increasing trauma as a result of war and terrorism, among others, the field is afforded an opportunity to establish a major standing in the healthcare domain. Researchers are uniquely poised to use their body of research evidence to effectively help people reengage with their environments and return to daily life activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Zeinoun
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elie A Akl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HE&I), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Fadi T Maalouf
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lokman I Meho
- University Libraries, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Political Studies and Public Administration, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Alzahrani SH, Fallata EO, Alabdulwahab MA, Alsafi WA, Bashawri J. Assessment of the burden on caregivers of patients with mental disorders in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:202. [PMID: 28558771 PMCID: PMC5450140 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorders are considered important public health problems not only to people with mental illness but also their caregivers. As is the case in many countries, the deinstitutionalization of mental health services in Saudi Arabia, has meant that informal caregivers are shouldering responsibilities for which they are not usually prepared; therefore, the current study was aimed at assessment of the burden on caregivers of people with mental illness. METHODS Through a cross-sectional design, a sample of the caregivers of people with mental illness (n = 377) was selected randomly from a psychiatric hospital in Jeddah. An Arabic version of the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire (IEQ) was used for collection of data. The data were analyzed on the subscale scores and the 27 items in two ways. First, we used the summed scores for the subscales based on the Likert scale (0-4) for univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, as recommended. We also used parametric statistics (t-tests, one-way ANOVA) because the IEQ subscale scores were fairly normally distributed. RESULTS Males constituted more than one-half of the participating caregivers (55%), with a mean age of 36.6, SD = 11.4 years. As reported by the caregivers, most of the patients were males (62.7%) with a mean age of 33.8, SD = 13.7 years and a range of 17-90 years old. The total mean IEQ burden score of the caregivers was 38.4, SD = 17.5. "Tension" was significantly prominent among younger caregivers aged ≤30 years. "Worrying" was significantly higher among caregivers living with their spouse and children and those living in families with relatively fewer members (<6 members). "Urging" was significantly higher among caregivers who are living with the patient in the same household and those who had been in close contact with the patient for 28 days in the four weeks prior to the study (13.4, SD = 6.8) p < 0.05. Meanwhile, "Urging" was also significantly higher among caregivers caring for mentally ill females (13.5, SD = 6.6) and those not receiving any kind of professional support (12.8, SD = 6.7). The overall burden and the subscale scores were highest among caregivers caring for a close relative such as a parent (44.1, SD = 17.6), son/daughter (39.1, SD = 12.9), sibling (37.1, SD = 18.6), or spouse (37.1, SD = 18.6) p < 0.05. CONCLUSION Care for people with mental illness is burdensome for their caregivers, the magnitude of burden is potentially augmented by factors related to the patients and households. These factors should be considered when planning for preparing caregivers to cope with people with mental illness in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami H. Alzahrani
- 0000 0001 0619 1117grid.412125.1Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80205, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Wesam A. Alsafi
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamil Bashawri
- 0000 0001 0619 1117grid.412125.1Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80205, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
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