1
|
Akbari K, Zareiyan A, Yari A, Najafi M, Azizi M, Ostadtaghizadeh A. Mental health preparedness and response to epidemics focusing on COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study in Iran. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1980. [PMID: 39048978 PMCID: PMC11270955 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During epidemics, the number of individuals whose mental health is affected is greater than those affected by the infection itself. This is because psychological factors have a direct relationship with the primary causes of the disease and mortality worldwide. Therefore, an increasing investment in research and strategic actions for mental health is essential globally, given the prevalence of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate and describe the strategies for mental health preparedness and response during epidemics, with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted in Iran from 2022 to 2023. Purposeful Sampling was employed, continuing until data saturation was achieved. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews and observational notes with 20 managers and experts possessing expertise, experience, and knowledge in mental health. Ultimately, the participants' opinions, based on their experiences, were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method with a conventional approach, resulting in the categorization of data into codes, subcategories, and categories. RESULTS The study revealed participants' opinions and experiences, categorized into two overarching categories: Preparedness, Policy-Making, and Planning Strategies (with four subcategories), and Response Strategies (comprising thirteen subcategories). CONCLUSION The opinions and experiences of managers and experts in this study revealed that an appropriate mental health response during pandemics requires preparedness before the occurrence of such crises and the implementation of suitable response strategies after the occurrence. Managers, policymakers, and decision-makers in this field should pay attention to the solutions derived from the experiences of such crises to respond more preparedly in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Akbari
- Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poorsina Ave, Tehran, 14177-43578, Iran
- Department of Nursing, 501 Hospital (Imam Reza), Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Zareiyan
- Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Yari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Najafi
- Department of Rescue and Relief, Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Azizi
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh
- Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poorsina Ave, Tehran, 14177-43578, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Koelzer SC, Verhoff MA, Toennes SW, Wunder C, Kettner M, Kern N, Reif A, Reif-Leonhard C, Schlang C, Beig I, Dichter V, Hauschild N, Lemke D, Kersten S, Holz F. Comparison of all completed suicides in Frankfurt am Main (Hessen) before and during the early COVID-19 pandemic. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12024-023-00754-8. [PMID: 38017259 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
To research the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, the prevalence and characteristics of all completed suicides in the city of Frankfurt am Main were compared for a 10-month period before the pandemic (March 2019-December 2019) with one during the early pandemic (March 2020-December 2020). Medicolegal data collected in the context of the FraPPE suicide prevention project were evaluated using descriptive statistical methods. In total, there were 81 suicides during the early pandemic period, as opposed to 86 in the pre-pandemic period. Though statistically not significant, the proportion of male suicides (73%) was higher during the early pandemic period than before (63%). The age-at-death was comparable in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods (average, 54.8 vs. 53.1 years). Between these two periods, there was no difference in respect to the three most commonly used suicide methods by men: fall from a height (26% vs. 22%), intoxication, and strangulation (each 24% vs. 19%). For women, there was, however, a shift in methods from strangulation (38%), intoxication (28%), and fall from a height (19%) to fall from a height (50%), strangulation (18%), intoxication, and collision with a rail vehicle (14% each). There was a trend towards more suicides among non-German nationals during the early pandemic (suicide rate/100,000 inhabitants: German, 14.3 vs. 11.5; non-German, 4.4 vs. 8.8). Before the pandemic, 54% of the suicides were known to have a mental illness in contrast to 44% during the early pandemic. Overall, no increase in completed suicides could be observed in Frankfurt am Main during the early pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S C Koelzer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M A Verhoff
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S W Toennes
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Wunder
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Kettner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N Kern
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Reif-Leonhard
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Schlang
- Health Department, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - I Beig
- Health Department, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - V Dichter
- Health Department, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N Hauschild
- Health Department, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Lemke
- Institute of General Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Kersten
- Police Department, Criminal Investigation Department, Fatality Bureau, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F Holz
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wachira E, Chavan B, Nganga-Good C, Kingori C. The association between COVID-19 preventive behaviors and mental health conditions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289533. [PMID: 37540660 PMCID: PMC10403101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unintended consequence of COVID-19 quarantine preventive measures, is the increased prevalence of anxiety and depression. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between COVID-19 preventive behaviors and mental health conditions. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data collected weekly from US adults aged 18 and older nationwide as part of the COVID-19 Household Impact Survey (CIS) from the University of Chicago. Logistic regression examined associations between COVID-19 preventive behaviors (wearing a face mask, washing or sanitizing hands, and keeping six-feet distance from those outside their household), mental health conditions (self-reporting feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge, feeling lonely, and feeling hopeless about the future and a history of a mental health condition) and demographic factors. RESULTS Majority of study participants were under 60 years (62.2%), female (55.8%), and non-Hispanic White (72.2%). Overall, participants more likely to have followed all three COVID-19 measures were those who reported high psychological distress compared to those with low distress for feeling anxious (adj. OR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.06-1.28, p = 0.002), lonely (adj. OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.23, p = 0.019) or hopeless (adj. OR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00-1.21, p = 0.043) for more than a day during the past 7 days. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that individuals with mental health conditions reported more psychological distress. Specifically, feeling depressed, anxious, lonely, and hopeless were triggered and exacerbated as a result of the pandemic and may have long-term effects on general well-being and productivity. Therefore, our findings have important implications on the need to include mental health promotion as part of pandemic response efforts. This includes developing policies and allocating funding so as to ensure sustainable mental health interventions and support, public and provider education on the importance of screening for mental health issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Wachira
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas A&M University- Commerce, Commerce, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bhakti Chavan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Caroline Kingori
- College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Molero Jurado MDM, Martos Martínez Á, Pérez-Fuentes MDC. Editorial: Variables involved in promoting psychological wellbeing and positive development during the life cycle. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1225526. [PMID: 37351089 PMCID: PMC10282933 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1225526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
|
5
|
Witteveen AB, Young SY, Cuijpers P, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Barbui C, Bertolini F, Cabello M, Cadorin C, Downes N, Franzoi D, Gasior M, Gray B, Melchior M, van Ommeren M, Palantza C, Purgato M, van der Waerden J, Wang S, Sijbrandij M. COVID-19 and common mental health symptoms in the early phase of the pandemic: An umbrella review of the evidence. PLoS Med 2023; 20:e1004206. [PMID: 37098048 PMCID: PMC10129001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There remains uncertainty about the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health. This umbrella review provides a comprehensive overview of the association between the pandemic and common mental disorders. We qualitatively summarized evidence from reviews with meta-analyses of individual study-data in the general population, healthcare workers, and specific at-risk populations. METHODS AND FINDINGS A systematic search was carried out in 5 databases for peer-reviewed systematic reviews with meta-analyses of prevalence of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during the pandemic published between December 31, 2019 until August 12, 2022. We identified 123 reviews of which 7 provided standardized mean differences (SMDs) either from longitudinal pre- to during pandemic study-data or from cross-sectional study-data compared to matched pre-pandemic data. Methodological quality rated with the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews checklist scores (AMSTAR 2) instrument was generally low to moderate. Small but significant increases of depression, anxiety, and/or general mental health symptoms were reported in the general population, in people with preexisting physical health conditions, and in children (3 reviews; SMDs ranged from 0.11 to 0.28). Mental health and depression symptoms significantly increased during periods of social restrictions (1 review; SMDs of 0.41 and 0.83, respectively) but anxiety symptoms did not (SMD: 0.26). Increases of depression symptoms were generally larger and longer-lasting during the pandemic (3 reviews; SMDs depression ranged from 0.16 to 0.23) than those of anxiety (2 reviews: SMDs 0.12 and 0.18). Females showed a significantly larger increase in anxiety symptoms than males (1 review: SMD 0.15). In healthcare workers, people with preexisting mental disorders, any patient group, children and adolescents, and in students, no significant differences from pre- to during pandemic were found (2 reviews; SMD's ranging from -0.16 to 0.48). In 116 reviews pooled cross-sectional prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms ranged from 9% to 48% across populations. Although heterogeneity between studies was high and largely unexplained, assessment tools and cut-offs used, age, sex or gender, and COVID-19 exposure factors were found to be moderators in some reviews. The major limitations are the inability to quantify and explain the high heterogeneity across reviews included and the shortage of within-person data from multiple longitudinal studies. CONCLUSIONS A small but consistent deterioration of mental health and particularly depression during early pandemic and during social restrictions has been found in the general population and in people with chronic somatic disorders. Also, associations between mental health and the pandemic were stronger in females and younger age groups than in others. Explanatory individual-level, COVID-19 exposure, and time-course factors were scarce and showed inconsistencies across reviews. For policy and research, repeated assessments of mental health in population panels including vulnerable individuals are recommended to respond to current and future health crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke B. Witteveen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Y. Young
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- South African PTSD Research Programme of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Mental Health Services at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Corrado Barbui
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Bertolini
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Cabello
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Mental Health Services at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Camilla Cadorin
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Naomi Downes
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Sociale, Paris, France
| | - Daniele Franzoi
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Gasior
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brandon Gray
- World Health Organization, Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Melchior
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Sociale, Paris, France
| | - Mark van Ommeren
- World Health Organization, Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christina Palantza
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianna Purgato
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Judith van der Waerden
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Sociale, Paris, France
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Y, Wu Y, Fan S, Dal Santo T, Li L, Jiang X, Li K, Wang Y, Tasleem A, Krishnan A, He C, Bonardi O, Boruff JT, Rice DB, Markham S, Levis B, Azar M, Thombs-Vite I, Neupane D, Agic B, Fahim C, Martin MS, Sockalingam S, Turecki G, Benedetti A, Thombs BD. Comparison of mental health symptoms before and during the covid-19 pandemic: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 134 cohorts. BMJ 2023; 380:e074224. [PMID: 36889797 PMCID: PMC9992728 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-074224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesise results of mental health outcomes in cohorts before and during the covid-19 pandemic. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, medRxiv, and Open Science Framework Preprints. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Studies comparing general mental health, anxiety symptoms, or depression symptoms assessed from 1 January 2020 or later with outcomes collected from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019 in any population, and comprising ≥90% of the same participants before and during the covid-19 pandemic or using statistical methods to account for missing data. Restricted maximum likelihood random effects meta-analyses (worse covid-19 outcomes representing positive change) were performed. Risk of bias was assessed using an adapted Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Prevalence Studies. RESULTS As of 11 April 2022, 94 411 unique titles and abstracts including 137 unique studies from 134 cohorts were reviewed. Most of the studies were from high income (n=105, 77%) or upper middle income (n=28, 20%) countries. Among general population studies, no changes were found for general mental health (standardised mean difference (SMD)change 0.11, 95% confidence interval -0.00 to 0.22) or anxiety symptoms (0.05, -0.04 to 0.13), but depression symptoms worsened minimally (0.12, 0.01 to 0.24). Among women or female participants, general mental health (0.22, 0.08 to 0.35), anxiety symptoms (0.20, 0.12 to 0.29), and depression symptoms (0.22, 0.05 to 0.40) worsened by minimal to small amounts. In 27 other analyses across outcome domains among subgroups other than women or female participants, five analyses suggested that symptoms worsened by minimal or small amounts, and two suggested minimal or small improvements. No other subgroup experienced changes across all outcome domains. In three studies with data from March to April 2020 and late 2020, symptoms were unchanged from pre-covid-19 levels at both assessments or increased initially then returned to pre-covid-19 levels. Substantial heterogeneity and risk of bias were present across analyses. CONCLUSIONS High risk of bias in many studies and substantial heterogeneity suggest caution in interpreting results. Nonetheless, most symptom change estimates for general mental health, anxiety symptoms, and depression symptoms were close to zero and not statistically significant, and significant changes were of minimal to small magnitudes. Small negative changes occurred for women or female participants in all domains. The authors will update the results of this systematic review as more evidence accrues, with study results posted online (https://www.depressd.ca/covid-19-mental-health). REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020179703.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yin Wu
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Suiqiong Fan
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tiffany Dal Santo
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Letong Li
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kexin Li
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yutong Wang
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amina Tasleem
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ankur Krishnan
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chen He
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olivia Bonardi
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jill T Boruff
- Schulich Library of Physical Sciences, Life Sciences, and Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle B Rice
- Department of Psychology, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Markham
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Brooke Levis
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marleine Azar
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ian Thombs-Vite
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dipika Neupane
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Branka Agic
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Fahim
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael S Martin
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa; Ontario, Canada
- Correctional Service of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Sockalingam
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brett D Thombs
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Biomedical Ethics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Armijos A, Bonz AG, Brown FL, Charlet D, Cohen F, Greene MC, Hermosilla S, James LE, Le Roch K. Ensuring equity in mental health and psychosocial support during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Confl Health 2023; 17:7. [PMID: 36804874 PMCID: PMC9938796 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-023-00500-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Populations affected by armed conflict and other humanitarian crises are at elevated risk for mental health problems. While the COVID-19 pandemic has had broadly deleterious effects on livelihoods, economic well-being, and population health worldwide, vulnerable groups have been disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Providing mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) services during these times to vulnerable groups, especially in low- and middle-income countries and humanitarian settings, is essential. In an effort to comply with the public health response to the pandemic and mitigate COVID-19 transmission, significant implementation adaptations were made to service delivery during the pandemic. This short report describes several strategies to ensure that equity was central to these adaptations and public health responses, and provides recommendations for ensuring continuity of this progress post-pandemic. Examples and key lessons learned are given related to strategies to increase access to MHPSS services, improve meaningful stakeholder engagement, develop and support community networks, and implement community-based psychosocial support groups. They come from diverse settings of Bangladesh, Colombia, Ecuador, and Lebanon. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of preventing and treating MHPSS issues. It also has created opportunities for innovative programming to address overlooked problems, improve the quality of services provided, and increase focus on equity. It is vital that we use the momentum and attention generated around MHPSS services during the COVID-19 pandemic to continue to build and improve existing MHPSS services in more equitable ways for vulnerable populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie G. Bonz
- grid.446747.20000 0001 2166 084XHIAS, 1300 Spring Street, Suite 500, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA
| | - Felicity L. Brown
- grid.487424.90000 0004 0414 0756Research and Development Department, War Child Holland, Helmholtzstraat 61-G, 1098 LE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Charlet
- grid.281053.d0000 0004 0375 9266University Research Co., LLC, 5404 Wisconsin Ave Suite 800, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA
| | - Flora Cohen
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Washington University in St. Louis, Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - M. Claire Greene
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Sabrina Hermosilla
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370University of Michigan, 400 4th St, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA
| | - Leah E. James
- grid.435215.40000 0004 0431 9086Heartland Alliance International, 208 S. LaSalle Street, Suite 1300, Chicago, IL 60604 USA
| | - Karine Le Roch
- grid.452229.a0000 0004 0643 9612Action contre la Faim, 14 Boulevard de Douaumont, 75017 Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Occupational Stress-Induced Consequences to Employees in the Context of Teleworking from Home: A Preliminary Study. ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/admsci13020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Challenges when many people moved their jobs from the office to home because of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have put stress on employees’ daily routine and professional lives. This article investigated the experience of individuals working not at the office and disclosed consequences of occupational stress such as mental and physical exhaustion, social deprivation, decreased work commitment, professional cynicism, and professional burnout. The preliminary study was based on a survey of 202 employees in Lithuania who were teleworking from home throughout the pandemic. According to the results, it can be assumed that teleworking had rather negative effects on employee wellbeing, as many teleworkers tended to suffer mental and physical exhaustion and social deprivation when working from home within pandemic. The psycho-emotional state of employees seems to be a key factor influencing the intellectual resources of an organization in a period of uncertainty.
Collapse
|
9
|
Pankowski D, Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska K. Turning to Religion During COVID-19 (Part II): A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Studies on the Relationship between Religious Coping and Mental Health throughout COVID-19. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:544-584. [PMID: 36595190 PMCID: PMC9808764 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the many associated socio-economic changes constitute a stressful event that required adaptation to new, dynamic, and often threatening conditions. According to the literature, coping strategies are one of the factors that determine a person's degree of adaptation to stressful situations. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on the relationship between religious coping and selected indicators of mental health. Due to the large amount of data, this work has been divided into two parts: Part I discussed the positive mental health indicators (Pankowski & Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska, 2023), while this Part II discusses negative mental health indicators. A systematic review of the databases of Science Direct, EBSCO, Cochrane, PubMed, and Google Scholar identified 33 articles related to the severity of depressive symptoms: 30 to anxiety, 23 to stress, 1 related to PTSD symptoms and peritraumatic stress, and 5 related to general negative mental health. The limitations of the research as well as further directions for exploration are discussed.Clinical trial registration This Review was pre-registered at OSF: osf.io/54ygr ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GMNFV ).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pankowski
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Meaklim H, Saunders WJ, Byrne ML, Junge MF, Varma P, Finck WA, Jackson ML. Insomnia is a key risk factor for persistent anxiety and depressive symptoms: A 12-month longitudinal cohort study during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2023; 322:52-62. [PMID: 36372131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is a risk factor for affective disorders. This study examined whether individuals with insomnia symptoms early in the pandemic, either pre-existing or new-onset, were more vulnerable to anxiety and depressive symptoms over time than those who maintained normal sleep. Additionally, sleep-related factors such as pre-sleep arousal were assessed for their influence on clinically significant anxiety and depression risk. METHODS Using a global online survey with 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups between April 2020 and May 2021, data from 2069 participants (M = 46.16 ± 13.42 years; 75.3 % female) with pre-existing, new-onset, or no insomnia symptoms was examined using mixed-effects and logistic regression models. RESULTS New-onset and pre-existing insomnia predicted persistent anxiety and depressive symptoms longitudinally (p's < 0.001), over other known risk factors, including age, sex, and previous psychiatric diagnoses. Anxiety and depressive symptoms in both insomnia groups remained above clinically significant thresholds at most time points, whereas normal sleepers remained subclinical. Pre-sleep arousal was found to increase the risk of clinically significant anxiety (OR = 1.05) and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.09) at 12-months. Sleep effort contributed to anxiety (OR = 1.06), whereas dysfunctional sleep-related beliefs and attitudes predicted clinically significant depression (OR = 1.22). LIMITATIONS Insomnia group categorization was based on self-report at baseline supported by a validated measure. High participant attrition was observed at 3-months (53 %; n = 971), but retention remained steady till 12-months (63 %, n = 779). CONCLUSIONS Insomnia is a modifiable risk factor for persistent anxiety and depressive symptoms that needs to be addressed in mental healthcare. Additionally, pre-sleep arousal may be an important transdiagnostic process linking insomnia with affective disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailey Meaklim
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - William J Saunders
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle L Byrne
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA; The Sleep Health Foundation, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Moira F Junge
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; School of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Education, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prerna Varma
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wendy A Finck
- School of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Education, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melinda L Jackson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kislitsyn D, King EJ, Schapov D, Aleksandrova E. Factors associated with psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from two early waves in Russia. Glob Public Health 2023; 18:2270691. [PMID: 37885273 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2023.2270691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
There is limited information about how the mental health of people has changed over time during the COVID-19 pandemic in low- and middle-income countries. In a cross-sectional study, we identified factors associated with psychological distress at two periods immediately after two peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia. Data were collected via online surveys. In May-June 2020, we surveyed 373 respondents across Russia. In January-February 2021, we surveyed 743 people, using the same approach for survey distribution. With Kessler-10 as a measure of psychological distress, we used regression analysis to determine factors associated with higher psychological distress among Russians. Levels of psychological distress were high in both time periods and did not significantly change between the surveys. Having had COVID-19, losing one's job, experiencing problems accessing healthcare, and changing drinking behaviour during the pandemic were associated with higher psychological distress. Apart from getting sick or worrying about the virus, psychological distress is affected by restrictions and the consequences of the pandemic situation. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, actions are needed to address the mental well-being of the population in Russia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Kislitsyn
- Centre for Public Health Studies, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elizabeth J King
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dmitry Schapov
- Centre for Public Health Studies, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tan RXR, Goh YS. Community mental health interventions for people with major depressive disorder: A scoping review. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:1315-1359. [PMID: 35695678 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
People with major depressive disorder continue to be marred by chronically pernicious yet preventable outcomes in the biopsychosocial aspects. With the reallocation of healthcare resources towards the fight against the coronavirus 2019 pandemic, much emphasis has been placed on existing community mental health interventions to ameliorate the disruption of mental health services. Moreover, the recent propulsion of community mental health services by the World Health Organization Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2030 ignited the need to bolster existing community interventions by providing comprehensive, responsive and integrated mental healthcare. The enhanced emphasis on mental healthcare in the community and the heightened demands of people with major depressive disorder underscores the need to explore the current state of community mental health interventions. This scoping review examined 51 primary studies published from year 2010 to 2020 using Arskey & O'Malley's five-stage framework and provided an overview of the impact of existing community mental health interventions for people with major depressive disorder. Findings using thematic analysis have recommended the adoption of person-centred community mental healthcare via the biopsychosocial approach for people with major depressive disorder. Enablers of community mental health interventions were driven by culturally appropriate care and augmented by technology-driven modalities. Challenges and gaps of community mental health interventions include the perpetuation of stigma and misconception, complex demands of persons with major depressive disorder and lack of holistic and long-term outcomes. Given the impact of major depressive disorder on the various biopsychosocial aspects, it is envisioned that our insights into the enablers and barriers of community mental health interventions will guide prospective interdisciplinary and nurse-led interventions in holistically improving the care of persons with major depressive disorder in the community settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronel Xian Rong Tan
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Shian Goh
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Impact of work arrangements during the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in France. SSM Popul Health 2022; 20:101285. [PMID: 36415675 PMCID: PMC9671548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
14
|
Pirkis J, Gunnell D, Shin S, Del Pozo-Banos M, Arya V, Aguilar PA, Appleby L, Arafat SMY, Arensman E, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Balhara YPS, Bantjes J, Baran A, Behera C, Bertolote J, Borges G, Bray M, Brečić P, Caine E, Calati R, Carli V, Castelpietra G, Chan LF, Chang SS, Colchester D, Coss-Guzmán M, Crompton D, Ćurković M, Dandona R, De Jaegere E, De Leo D, Deisenhammer EA, Dwyer J, Erlangsen A, Faust JS, Fornaro M, Fortune S, Garrett A, Gentile G, Gerstner R, Gilissen R, Gould M, Gupta SK, Hawton K, Holz F, Kamenshchikov I, Kapur N, Kasal A, Khan M, Kirtley OJ, Knipe D, Kõlves K, Kölzer SC, Krivda H, Leske S, Madeddu F, Marshall A, Memon A, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Nestadt P, Neznanov N, Niederkrotenthaler T, Nielsen E, Nordentoft M, Oberlerchner H, O'Connor RC, Papsdorf R, Partonen T, Phillips MR, Platt S, Portzky G, Psota G, Qin P, Radeloff D, Reif A, Reif-Leonhard C, Rezaeian M, Román-Vázquez N, Roskar S, Rozanov V, Sara G, Scavacini K, Schneider B, Semenova N, Sinyor M, Tambuzzi S, Townsend E, Ueda M, Wasserman D, Webb RT, Winkler P, Yip PS, Zalsman G, Zoja R, John A, Spittal MJ. Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 51:101573. [PMID: 35935344 PMCID: PMC9344880 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicted increases in suicide were not generally observed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the picture may be changing and patterns might vary across demographic groups. We aimed to provide a timely, granular picture of the pandemic's impact on suicides globally. METHODS We identified suicide data from official public-sector sources for countries/areas-within-countries, searching websites and academic literature and contacting data custodians and authors as necessary. We sent our first data request on 22nd June 2021 and stopped collecting data on 31st October 2021. We used interrupted time series (ITS) analyses to model the association between the pandemic's emergence and total suicides and suicides by sex-, age- and sex-by-age in each country/area-within-country. We compared the observed and expected numbers of suicides in the pandemic's first nine and first 10-15 months and used meta-regression to explore sources of variation. FINDINGS We sourced data from 33 countries (24 high-income, six upper-middle-income, three lower-middle-income; 25 with whole-country data, 12 with data for area(s)-within-the-country, four with both). There was no evidence of greater-than-expected numbers of suicides in the majority of countries/areas-within-countries in any analysis; more commonly, there was evidence of lower-than-expected numbers. Certain sex, age and sex-by-age groups stood out as potentially concerning, but these were not consistent across countries/areas-within-countries. In the meta-regression, different patterns were not explained by countries' COVID-19 mortality rate, stringency of public health response, economic support level, or presence of a national suicide prevention strategy. Nor were they explained by countries' income level, although the meta-regression only included data from high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and there were suggestions from the ITS analyses that lower-middle-income countries fared less well. INTERPRETATION Although there are some countries/areas-within-countries where overall suicide numbers and numbers for certain sex- and age-based groups are greater-than-expected, these countries/areas-within-countries are in the minority. Any upward movement in suicide numbers in any place or group is concerning, and we need to remain alert to and respond to changes as the pandemic and its mental health and economic consequences continue. FUNDING None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Pirkis
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Corresponding author at: Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - David Gunnell
- National Institute of Health and care Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sangsoo Shin
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Vikas Arya
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Louis Appleby
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - S. M. Yasir Arafat
- Department of Psychiatry, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health, National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yatan Pal Singh Balhara
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Center and Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jason Bantjes
- Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Anna Baran
- Working Group on Prevention of Suicide and Depression at Public Health Council, Ministry of Health, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, Blekinge Hospital, Karlshamn, Sweden
| | - Chittaranjan Behera
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jose Bertolote
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Borges
- Department of Global Mental Health, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramon de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Bray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Petrana Brečić
- Department for Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče; School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Eric Caine
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Raffaella Calati
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Vladimir Carli
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giulio Castelpietra
- Region Friuli Venezia Giulia, Central Health Directorate, Outpatient and Inpatient Care Service, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lai Fong Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shu-Sen Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Maria Coss-Guzmán
- Puerto Rico Department of Health's Commission on Suicide Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - David Crompton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marko Ćurković
- Department for Medical Ethics, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče; School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rakhi Dandona
- Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Eva De Jaegere
- Flemish Centre of Expertise in Suicide Prevention, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Eberhard A. Deisenhammer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology; University Hospital for Psychiatry 2, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jeremy Dwyer
- Coroners Court of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Annette Erlangsen
- Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jeremy S. Faust
- Brigham and Women's Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Michele Fornaro
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Institute, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Sarah Fortune
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Garrett
- Coronial Division, Tasmanian Magistrates Court, Hobart, Australia
| | - Guendalina Gentile
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rebekka Gerstner
- Undersecretary of Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Quito, Ecuador
- Monitoring and Evaluation, German Institute for Medical Mission, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Renske Gilissen
- 113 Suicide Prevention, Research Department, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Madelyn Gould
- Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sudhir Kumar Gupta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Keith Hawton
- Centre for Suicide Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Franziska Holz
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Iurii Kamenshchikov
- Udmurtia Republican Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
| | - Navneet Kapur
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandr Kasal
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Murad Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Duleeka Knipe
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kairi Kõlves
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah C. Kölzer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hryhorii Krivda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Stuart Leske
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fabio Madeddu
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew Marshall
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, United States
| | - Anjum Memon
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Nestadt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nikolay Neznanov
- Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Thomas Niederkrotenthaler
- Unit Suicide Research and Mental Health Promotion, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emma Nielsen
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Herwig Oberlerchner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Rory C. O'Connor
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Lab, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Rainer Papsdorf
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timo Partonen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael R. Phillips
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Steve Platt
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gwendolyn Portzky
- Flemish Centre of Expertise in Suicide Prevention, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Georg Psota
- Psychosocial Services in Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ping Qin
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Radeloff
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christine Reif-Leonhard
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mohsen Rezaeian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Occupational Environment Research Center, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Nayda Román-Vázquez
- Puerto Rico Department of Health's Commission on Suicide Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Saska Roskar
- National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vsevolod Rozanov
- Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Grant Sara
- System Information and Analytics Branch, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Barbara Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LVR Klinik Köln, Department of Addictive Disorders, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Cologne, Germany
| | - Natalia Semenova
- Organizational-Scientific Department, Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mark Sinyor
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stefano Tambuzzi
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ellen Townsend
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michiko Ueda
- Waseda University, Faculty of Political Science and Economics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Danuta Wasserman
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roger T. Webb
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Petr Winkler
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Paul S.F. Yip
- Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gil Zalsman
- Geha Mental Health Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Riccardo Zoja
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ann John
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Spittal
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hurley J, Lakeman R, Linsley P, Ramsay M, Mckenna-Lawson S. Utilizing the mental health nursing workforce: A scoping review of mental health nursing clinical roles and identities. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:796-822. [PMID: 35156291 PMCID: PMC9303738 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite rising international needs for mental health practitioners, the mental health nursing workforce is underutilized. This is in part due to limited understandings of their roles, identities, and capabilities. This paper aimed to collate and synthesize published research on the clinical roles of mental health nurses in order to systematically clarify their professional identity and potential. We searched for eligible studies, published between 2001 and 2021, in five electronic databases. Abstracts of retrieved studies were independently screened against exclusion and inclusion criteria (primarily that studies reported on the outcomes associated with mental health nursing roles). Decisions of whether to include studies were through researcher consensus guided by the criteria. The search yielded 324 records, of which 47 were included. Retained papers primarily focused on three themes related to mental health nursing clinical roles and capabilities. Technical roles included those associated with psychotherapy, consumer safety, and diagnosis. Non-technical roles and capabilities were also described. These included emotional intelligence, advanced communication, and reduction of power differentials. Thirdly, the retained papers reported the generative contexts that influenced clinical roles. These included prolonged proximity with consumers with tensions between therapeutic and custodial roles. The results of this scoping review suggest the mental health nurses (MHNs) have a wide scope of technical skills which they employ in clinical practice. These roles are informed by a distinctive cluster of non-technical capabilities to promote the well-being of service users. They are an adaptable and underutilized component of the mental health workforce in a context of escalating unmet needs for expert mental health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Hurley
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Lakeman
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zamorano S, Ausín B, González-Sanguino C, Castellanos MÁ, Saiz J, Abad A, Vaquero C, Muñoz M. Impacto del Covid-19 en la salud mental, uso y barreras en atención psicológica en España. CLÍNICA CONTEMPORÁNEA 2022. [DOI: 10.5093/cc2022a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
17
|
Schwander-Maire F, Querido A, Cara-Nova T, Dixe MA, Aissaoui D, Charepe Z, Christie D, Laranjeira C. Psychological Responses and Strategies Towards the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Higher Education Students in Portugal and Switzerland: A Mixed-Methods Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:903946. [PMID: 35633785 PMCID: PMC9132224 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.903946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused overwhelming changes in individual and community daily-life, resulting from the public health measures implemented to contain it, and also from its psychological and socio-economic consequences. These shifts and consequences impacted the entire population, but some groups are more likely to be affected by these changes, including higher education students. Objectives a) to investigate mental health status and its determinants among higher-education students in Portugal and Switzerland; and b) to explore adjustment patterns used by these students to overcome the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was conducted in two phases. First, an online survey was conducted among higher education students in Portugal and Switzerland, in Portuguese and French respectively. A convenience sampling method was used. Second, some participants from the first phase were invited to participate in four online focus group discussions (two in each country) using a maximum variation sampling method. Results The survey was answered by 1,880 students. Portuguese students revealed higher levels of stress and anxiety, but lower depression symptoms and less resilient coping compared to Swiss respondents. Hope was identified as an explanatory variable for mental health symptoms in students from both countries. In the focus groups (n = 27), 13 adjustment strategies were found, which were subdivided into three spheres: personal, social, and contextual. Conclusions The results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic had a mild to moderate impact on most of the evaluated mental health variables. Nevertheless, the students reacted and mobilized positive short-term strategies, which need to be reinforced in order to prevent long-term psychological harm. In addition, our results can inform psychosocial interventions to minimize psychological impact, anxiety, depression, and stress due to sanitary crises or other population-wide problems or disasters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Schwander-Maire
- HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Sciences Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ana Querido
- School of Health Sciences of Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tanya Cara-Nova
- HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Sciences Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maria Anjos Dixe
- School of Health Sciences of Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal
| | - Djamel Aissaoui
- HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Sciences Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Zaida Charepe
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Derek Christie
- HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Sciences Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Laranjeira
- School of Health Sciences of Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research in Education and Community Intervention (RECI I&D), Piaget Institute, Viseu, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Determinantes sociales y salud mental en las pandemias: nuevos retos. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
19
|
Lima-Serrano M. Social determinants and mental health in pandemics: new challenges. ENFERMERÍA CLÍNICA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2022; 32:141-142. [PMID: 35690429 PMCID: PMC9179045 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcle.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
20
|
Mechanisms of Social Interaction and Virtual Connections as Strong Predictors of Wellbeing of Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030553. [PMID: 35327031 PMCID: PMC8953298 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Socially engaged older adults are less likely to decline in health and happiness and have a higher quality of life. Building upon this premise, examination was conducted on the domains of social determinants of health, specifically the social and community context per Healthy People 2030 objectives. These mechanisms of social interaction, in the form of group activities, community engagement, and virtual interactions via email or text message, were assessed using hierarchical regression analysis to find out their association with wellbeing, depression symptoms, and cognition of older adults. The data included a total of 4623 sample of older adults from the National Health and Aging Trend Study (NHATS) Round 8. The results showed that social support explained a 40.3% unique variance on wellbeing. The use of text message and email had a moderating effect on community engagement and self-reported depression level in older adults. Findings suggest that community programs, shared group activities, or technology training workshops can improve social interaction and support cognition and reduce depression in older adults. Directions for future research include examining human behaviors and perceptions and increasing technology training sessions to promote independence of older adults and increase their social connections. In addition, participant involvement in interventions would enhance the possibility of success of such endeavors.
Collapse
|
21
|
COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown and Wellbeing: Experiences from Aotearoa New Zealand in 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042269. [PMID: 35206457 PMCID: PMC8871666 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In 2020, in the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, Aotearoa New Zealand consistently maintained stringent public health measures including stay-at-home lockdowns and distancing responses. Considering the widespread disruption to social functioning caused by the pandemic, this paper aimed to explore environmental and social factors that influenced the wellbeing of individuals during the first lockdown in Aotearoa New Zealand. Our mixed-methods study involved a survey (n = 1010) and semi-structured interviews of a subset of surveyed individuals undertaken at the tail end of the first 2020 lockdown. Survey participants were recruited through social media-driven snowball sampling, less than 50% were aged under 45 years and 85% identified as female. Of those interviewed, 63% identified as female. Qualitative interview findings and open-ended survey results were analysed thematically. Participants described a variety of factors influencing wellbeing, largely related to the community and household; physical, behavioural, and lifestyle factors; access to health services; and social and economic foundations. While much of the focus of COVID-19 recovery was on reversing the economic and physical toll of the pandemic, our findings emphasise the need to empower individuals, families, and communities to mitigate the pandemic’s negative implications on wellbeing.
Collapse
|
22
|
Efstathopoulou L, Jagger G, Mackenzie J, Faulkner K, Barker-Barrett T, Cameron R, Wagner AP, Perez J. The Peterborough Exemplar: a protocol to evaluate the impact and implementation of a new patient-centred, system-wide community mental healthcare model in England. Health Res Policy Syst 2022; 20:16. [PMID: 35123500 PMCID: PMC8817469 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00819-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community mental healthcare has significantly grown since de-institutionalization. Despite progress, service fragmentation and gaps in service provision remain key barriers to effective community care in England. Recent mental healthcare policies highlighted the need to transform service provision by developing patient-centred, joined-up community mental healthcare. In response to policy guidance, a system-wide community mental healthcare model was developed in Peterborough (England). The “Peterborough Exemplar” is based on two main pillars: (1) the creation of knowledge exchange pathways to strengthen interorganizational relationships, and (2) the development of new, accessible community services addressing existing service gaps. This paper presents the protocol developed to evaluate the Peterborough Exemplar. Methods A quasi-experimental design with an intervention group and a nonequivalent comparator group has been developed to compare service provision provided in Peterborough pre- and post-intervention with services provided in Fenland, a neighbouring area where service users access usual care. Two evaluation methods will be employed to compare service provision between the two groups: (1) outcome measures completed by service users and carers will be analysed to assess quality of life and service satisfaction, and (2) service activity data will be analysed to assess service usage. In addition, qualitative interviews will be conducted with staff members of participating organizations to explore the implementation of the Exemplar in Peterborough and evaluate knowledge exchange processes among local service providers. A matched control approach will be used to compare outcome measures between the two areas. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests, will be used to analyse service activity data and examine differences between the two areas. A thematic analysis will be adopted to analyse qualitative data. Discussion Outcomes of the evaluation will contribute to understanding the contribution of the Peterborough Exemplar on mental health service provision locally. Evaluation findings and intermediate reporting will be shared with organizations involved in the implementation of the Peterborough Exemplar and with local decision-makers to inform the Exemplar delivery. As the Peterborough Exemplar is an Early Implementer (EI) site funded by NHS England, findings will be shared with policy-makers to inform national policy on community mental healthcare and integrated care. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12961-022-00819-0.
Collapse
|
23
|
Jafar A, Mapa MT, Sakke N, Dollah R, Joko EP, Atang C, Awang Ahmad S, Vun Hung C, Geogre F. Vaccine hesitancy in East Malaysia (Sabah): A survey of the national COVID-19 immunisation programme. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2022; 17. [PMID: 35147010 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2022.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Malaysian government has introduced the National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme (PICK) as a new mechanism to address the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Unfortunately, the number of PICK registrations is still unsatisfactory and is now even lower. The low level of participation of the Sabah (East Malaysia) population significantly impacts the PICK registrations. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors that cause vaccine hesitancy among the people of Sabah. This study seeks to identify these trends based on zone and district boundaries. A total of 1024 respondents were sampled in this study. Raw data collected through the survey method were analysed using K-means clustering, principal component analysis (PCA), and spatial analysis. The study discovered that factors including confidence, authority, mainstream media, complacency, social media, and convenience are the top causes of vaccine hesitancy among respondents. This study also revealed that the Sabah population's key variables causing vaccine hesitancy to vary by region (zones and districts). The conclusion is significant as a source of supporting data for stakeholders seeking to identify the Sabah population's constraints in each region and therefore, it would help improve PICK management's performance in Sabah.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Jafar
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Mohammad Tahir Mapa
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Nordin Sakke
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Ramli Dollah
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Eko Prayitno Joko
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Colonius Atang
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Syahruddin Awang Ahmad
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Chong Vun Hung
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Fionna Geogre
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bragge P, Becker U, Breu T, Carlsen H, Griggs D, Lavis JN, Zimm C, Stevance AS. How policymakers and other leaders can build a more sustainable post-COVID-19 'normal'. DISCOVER SUSTAINABILITY 2022; 3:7. [PMID: 35425927 PMCID: PMC8853160 DOI: 10.1007/s43621-022-00074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bragge
- Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ursula Becker
- Deutsche Gesellschaft Fuer Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Breu
- Centre for Development and Environment (CDE), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - David Griggs
- Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John N. Lavis
- McMaster Health Forum, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Caroline Zimm
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Halliday EC, Holt V, Khan K, Ward F, Wheeler P, Sadler G. 'A lot of small things make a difference'. Mental health and strategies of coping during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Expect 2021; 25:532-540. [PMID: 34939261 PMCID: PMC8957741 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The social and economic consequences of COVID‐19 have the potential to affect individuals and populations through different pathways (e.g., bereavement, loss of social interaction). Objective This study adopted a solicited diary method to understand how mental health was affected during England's first lockdown. We also considered the experiences of diary keeping during a pandemic from the perspective of public participants. Methods Fifteen adults older than 18 years of age were recruited from northwest England. Diarists completed semistructured online diaries for 8 weeks, which was combined with weekly calls. A focus group captured participants' experiences of diary keeping. Findings Four key factors influenced mental health, which fluctuated over time and in relation to diarists' situations. These concerned navigating virus risk, loss of social connections and control and constrictions of the domestic space. Diarists also enacted a range of strategies to cope with the pandemic. This included support from social networks, engagement with natural environments, establishing normality, finding meaning and taking affirmative action. Conclusion Use of diary methods provided insights into the lived experiences of the early months of a global pandemic. As well as contributing evidence on its mental health effects, diarists' accounts illuminated considerable resourcefulness and strategies of coping with positive effects for well‐being. While diary keeping can also have therapeutic benefits during adversity, ethical and practical issues need to be considered, which include the emotional nature of diary keeping. Public Contribution Members of the public were involved in interpretation of data as well as critiquing the overall diary method used in the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Halliday
- Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Vivien Holt
- Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Koser Khan
- Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Fiona Ward
- Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Paula Wheeler
- Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Gill Sadler
- Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Irarrazaval M, Norambuena P, Montenegro C, Toro-Devia O, Vargas B, Caqueo-Urízar A. Public Policy Responses to Address the Mental Health Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From Chile. Front Public Health 2021; 9:590335. [PMID: 34660500 PMCID: PMC8511669 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.590335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This paper reviews the mental health policies that have been implemented in Chile in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the international context of countries' responses. Even before the start of the pandemic, there were significant barriers to access mental health services in Chile, coupled with a scenario of nationwide social unrest and protests that questioned the legitimacy of public institutions; now the rapidly worsening outbreaks of COVID-19 are exacerbating the pre-existing mental health crisis. Methods: We conducted a bibliometric and content analysis of the Chilean mental health public policies implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and then compared these policies with international experiences and emerging scientific evidence on the mental health impact of pandemics. Results: Our analysis of the policies identifies five crucial points of action developed in Chile: (i) an established framework to address mental health in emergency and disaster situations; (ii) a timely COVID-19 Mental Health Action Plan; (iii) inclusion of mental health in the public health agenda; (iv) development of a presidential strategy during the pandemic for comprehensive mental health and well-being; and (v) emerging research assessing the mental health implications of COVID-19. Conclusions: In Chile, the public policy responses to address the mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic has been characterized by the coordinated implementation of mental health plans, ranging from a health sectoral initiative to inter-agency and intersectoral efforts. However, it is imperative that increased funding is allocated to mental health, and efforts should be made to promote the participation of people with lived experiences and communities in the design and implementation of the proposed actions. This aspect could be of key importance to social peace and community recovery after the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matias Irarrazaval
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Chile.,Millenium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Norambuena
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Chile.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Montenegro
- Millenium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality, Santiago, Chile.,Wellcome Centre for Cultures and Environments of Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Toro-Devia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Belen Vargas
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Chile
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
|