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Jeung SY, An JH, Kim SS, Youn HY. Safety of Gonadal Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Geriatric Dogs with Chronic Disease. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2134. [PMID: 39061596 PMCID: PMC11273526 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ensuring the safety of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a fundamental requirement in clinical practice. This study aimed to assess the safety of using gonadal tissue-derived MSCs (n = 10) compared to the commonly utilized adipose tissue-derived MSCs (n = 9) in geriatric dogs with chronic diseases. All participants received allogeneic MSC therapy, and no allergic reactions due to allogeneic cell immunogenicity were noted. Both groups showed no adverse changes in physical exams or hematological parameters before and after therapy. Importantly, there were no instances of tumor formation or growth post-treatment in either group. The findings demonstrated that dogs treated with gonadal tissue-derived MSCs experienced no clinical adverse effects. However, clinical adverse effects were reported in one case of adipose tissue-derived MSC therapy. Despite limitations in monitoring beyond one year and constraints due to a small and diverse patient group, this pioneering study validates the safe use of gonadal tissue-derived MSCs in aged companion animals. It underscores the potential of utilizing tissues from neutering procedures to advance regenerative medicine and expand cell banks and therapy options for companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Jeung
- VIP Animal Medical Center, Seoul 02830, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.J.); (S.-S.K.)
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Laboratory of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- VIP Animal Medical Center, Seoul 02830, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.J.); (S.-S.K.)
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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2
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Salari Sedigh H, Saffarpour A, Jamshidi S, Ashouri M, Nassiri SM, Dehghan MM, Ranjbar E, Shafieian R. In vitro investigation of canine periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A possibility of promising tool for periodontal regeneration. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:403-411. [PMID: 37113531 PMCID: PMC10127137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Recent investigations indicate that canine periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (cPDLSCs) may reveal a reliable strategy for repair of periodontal tissues via cell-based tissue engineering approaches. Due to limited research, this study aimed to demonstrate the phenotypic characterization of cPDLSc in comparison with canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cBMSCs) in vitro. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from PDL and BM of five male adult Mongrel dogs. In vitro isolation and expansion as well as biologic characterization including colony unit formation (CFU), osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, flow cytometric analysis of CD34 and CD44, and RT-PCR of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), periostin (POSTN) and S100A4 were performed. Furthermore, electron microscopy analysis was done to complement the comparative research. Results CFU assay revealed that colonies of cPDLSCs presented 70% confluency with a more finite lifespan than BM-MSCs, showing a significant increase in cPDLSCs. Both types of MSCs showed osteogenic and adipogenic phenotypic characterized with clusters of mineralized depositions and lipid vacuoles, respectively. Both types of MSCs expressed CD44 with limited expression of CD34. RT-PCR of cPDLSCs revealed that expression of ALP, POSTN, OCN and S100A4 genes were significantly higher than those of BMSCs. In addition, comparison of SEM and revealed that cPDLSCs expressed more extracellular collagen fibers. Conclusions The current study indicated that cPDLSCs show potency as a novel cellular therapy for periodontal regeneration a large animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Salari Sedigh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anna Saffarpour
- Department of Periodontology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Jamshidi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ashouri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Nassiri
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Ranjbar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Shafieian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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3
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Jeffery N, Granger N. New insights into the treatment of meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin since 2009: A review of 671 cases. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1114798. [PMID: 37008358 PMCID: PMC10050685 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1114798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
“Meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin” (MUO)—a collective term for a group of clinically-indistinguishable (but pathologically distinct) autoimmune diseases of the CNS—has become increasingly commonly recognized throughout the world. In the 1960s−1980s the focus was primarily on the pathological description of these conditions and, largely anecdotally, their response to glucocorticoids. The subsequent availability of magnetic resonance imaging for companion animals led to a focus on imaging characteristics and response of MUO to various immunosuppressive medications. Previous reviews have not found clear evidence of superiority of any specific treatment regimen. Here, we review outcomes in a further 671 dogs treated with various combinations of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs and reported since 2009, aiming to determine whether recommendations can be drawn from the material published during more recent decades. We observe that: (i) there is more complete information on outcome of MUO-affected dogs solely receiving glucocorticoids and these reports provide evidence to undermine the dogma that MUO inevitably requires treatment with glucocorticoids plus an immunosuppressive drug; (ii) there is far more information on the pharmacokinetics of cytarabine delivered by a variety of routes, revealing that previous dosing and duration of administration in dogs with MUO may not have been optimal; and, (iii) there is a large number of cases that could be available for entry into multi-institutional randomized controlled trials. Finally, we suggest new research avenues that might aid future clinical trials in MUO through improved understanding of etiological triggers and individual patterns of immune response, such as the impact of the gut microbiome, the potential of CSF flow cytometry, and the establishment of robust clinical scores for evaluation of treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Jeffery
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Nick Jeffery
| | - Nicolas Granger
- Bristol Vet Specialists, CVS Referrals & Bristol Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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4
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Herzig R, Beckmann K, Körner M, Steffen F, Rohrer Bley C. A shortened whole brain radiation therapy protocol for meningoencephalitis of unknown origin in dogs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1132736. [PMID: 37020978 PMCID: PMC10069678 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1132736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A variety of treatment options have been described for canine meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO). Few studies focused on radiation therapy as a second line immunomodulating treatment, implicating its effective use. However, a standard radiation therapy protocol is lacking, and further research will help to evaluate the effect of different dose regimens. Methods Ten dogs diagnosed with MUO based on MRI and CSF findings were prospectively enrolled. The dogs were treated with a shortened whole brain radiation therapy protocol (5 × 4 Gy) in combination with prednisolone. Neurologic changes were quantified using an established scoring scheme. Follow-up MRI and CSF examination was scheduled three months after radiation therapy. Overall survival and time to progression were calculated. Histopathology of the brain was performed in case of death. Results Seven dogs were diagnosed de novo and three had a history of relapsing MUO. Neurological status improved in all 10 dogs during radiation therapy, with 4/10 returning to normal shortly after radiation therapy. Three dogs died within the first three months after radiation therapy. At follow-up MRI lesions completely resolved in two dogs, partially resolved in five dogs, and progressed in one dog. After follow-up MRI, dogs were further treated with prednisolone monotherapy (two dogs) and additional immunosuppressant drugs (five dogs). Overall, four dogs showed disease progression, with a mean time to progression of 691 days (95%CI: 396-987) and mean overall survival for all dogs was 723 days (95%CI: 436-1011) (both medians not reached). Histopathology confirmed MUO in three dogs but was suggestive for oligodendroglioma in one dog. Radiation induced side effects were not seen. Conclusion Shortened whole-brain radiation therapy could be an additional treatment option for MUO in conjunction to prednisolone, specifically for cases that require rapid relief of symptoms and with relapsing history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Herzig
- Division of Neurology, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Robert Herzig
| | - Katrin Beckmann
- Division of Neurology, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Körner
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Steffen
- Division of Neurology, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Carla Rohrer Bley
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Ivanovska A, Wang M, Arshaghi TE, Shaw G, Alves J, Byrne A, Butterworth S, Chandler R, Cuddy L, Dunne J, Guerin S, Harry R, McAlindan A, Mullins RA, Barry F. Manufacturing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Canine Patients: Challenges and Recommendations. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:897150. [PMID: 35754551 PMCID: PMC9230578 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.897150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent interest in advanced biologic therapies in veterinary medicine has opened up opportunities for new treatment modalities with considerable clinical potential. Studies with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from animal species have focused on in vitro characterization (mostly following protocols developed for human application), experimental testing in controlled studies and clinical use in veterinary patients. The ability of MSCs to interact with the inflammatory environment through immunomodulatory and paracrine mechanisms makes them a good candidate for treatment of inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions in canine species. Analysis of existing data shows promising results in the treatment of canine hip dysplasia, osteoarthritis and rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in both sport and companion animals. Despite the absence of clear regulatory frameworks for veterinary advanced therapy medicinal products, there has been an increase in the number of commercial cell-based products that are available for clinical applications, and currently the commercial use of veterinary MSC products has outpaced basic research on characterization of the cell product. In the absence of quality standards for MSCs for use in canine patients, their safety, clinical efficacy and production standards are uncertain, leading to a risk of poor product consistency. To deliver high-quality MSC products for veterinary use in the future, there are critical issues that need to be addressed. By translating standards and strategies applied in human MSC manufacturing to products for veterinary use, in a collaborative effort between stem cell scientists and veterinary researchers and surgeons, we hope to facilitate the development of quality standards. We point out critical issues that need to be addressed, including a much higher level of attention to cell characterization, manufacturing standards and release criteria. We provide a set of recommendations that will contribute to the standardization of cell manufacturing methods and better quality assurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ivanovska
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biosciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biosciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tarlan Eslami Arshaghi
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biosciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Georgina Shaw
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biosciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Russell Chandler
- Orthopaedic Referral Service, Alphavet Veterinary Centre, Newport, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Cuddy
- Small Animal Surgery, Canine Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Veterinary Specialists Ireland, Summerhill, Ireland
| | - James Dunne
- Knocknacarra Veterinary Clinic, Ark Vets Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Shane Guerin
- Small Animal Surgery, Gilabbey Veterinary Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Aidan McAlindan
- Northern Ireland Veterinary Specialists, Hillsborough, United Kingdom
| | - Ronan A Mullins
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frank Barry
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biosciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Hermida-Prieto M, García-Castro J, Mariñas-Pardo L. Systemic Treatment of Immune-Mediated Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca with Allogeneic Stem Cells Improves the Schirmer Tear Test Score in a Canine Spontaneous Model of Disease. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245981. [PMID: 34945277 PMCID: PMC8709250 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is characterized by ocular discomfort, conjunctival hyperaemia, and corneal scarring, causing reduced aqueous tear production that can be measured using the standard Schirmer tear test (STT). Canine adipose tissue-derived MSCs (cATMSCs) have been proposed as treatment due to their anti-inflammatory effect, by releasing cytokines and immunomodulatory soluble factors. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the systemic administration of cATMSCs on tear production in dogs with immune-mediated KCS, compared to classical Cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment. METHODS Twenty-eight client-owned dogs with spontaneous KCS were allocated in the experimental group (n = 14, treated with systemic cATMSCs or control group (n = 14, treated with CsA). SST values increased significantly at days 15 (p = 0.002), 45 (p = 0.042) and 180 (p = 0.005) with no observed side-effects in the experimental group. Eyes with an initial STT value of 11-14 mm/min maintained significant improvement at day 180, needing only artificial tears as treatment. Eyes with an initial STT value <11 mm/min needed cyclosporin treatment at day 45, so follow-up was stopped. Control animals treated with CsA did not improve their STT at day 180. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Systemic allogeneic cATMSCs application appeared to be a feasible and effective therapy with positive outcome in dogs with initial STT between 11-14 mm/min, with a significant improvement in tear production. The STT increment was maintained for at least 180 days, without needing additional medication, thus suggesting it could constitute an alternative therapy to classical immunosuppressive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hermida-Prieto
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña—Universidade de A Coruña (INIBIC—UDC), 15006 A Coruna, Spain;
| | - Javier García-Castro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio (UAX), 28691 Villanueva de la Canada, Spain;
- Cellular Biotechnology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Mariñas-Pardo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña—Universidade de A Coruña (INIBIC—UDC), 15006 A Coruna, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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7
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Maeta N, Tamura K, Ezuka F, Takemitsu H. Comparative analysis of canine mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells. Vet World 2021; 14:1028-1037. [PMID: 34083956 PMCID: PMC8167527 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1028-1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have multi-lineage differentiation potentials, are a promising source for regenerative medicine. However, the focus of study of MSCs is shifting from the characterization of the differentiation potential to their secretion potential for cell transplantation. Tissue regeneration and the attenuation of immune responses are thought to be affected by the secretion of multiple growth factors and cytokines by MSCs. However, the secretion potential of MSCs profiling remains incompletely characterized. In this study, we focused on the secretion ability related and protein mRNA expression of dog adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSC), bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs, and BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNC). Materials and Methods: Real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed mRNA expression of nine growth factors and seven interleukins in these types of cells and three growth factors protein expression were determined using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: For the BM-MNC growth factors, the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) was the highest. For the BM-derived MSC (BM-MSC) and AT-MSC growth factors, the mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was highest. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs showed similar expression profiles. In contrast, BM-MNCs showed unique expression profiles for hepatocyte growth factor and epidermal growth factor. The three types of cells showed a similar expression of TGF-β. Conclusion: We conclude that expression of cytokine proteins and mRNAs suggests involvement in tissue repair and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Maeta
- Aikouishida Animal Hospital, Isehara, 1195-4 Takamori, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1114, Japan.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari, Ehime, 794-8555, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Tamura
- Aikouishida Animal Hospital, Isehara, 1195-4 Takamori, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1114, Japan
| | - Fuuna Ezuka
- Science and Humanities Master's Programme, Graduate School of Science and the Humanities, Kurashiki University of Science and The Arts, 2640 Nishinoura Tsurajima Kurashiki Okayama, 712-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takemitsu
- Science and Humanities Master's Programme, Graduate School of Science and the Humanities, Kurashiki University of Science and The Arts, 2640 Nishinoura Tsurajima Kurashiki Okayama, 712-8505, Japan.,Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and The Arts, 2640 Nishinoura Tsurajima Kurashiki Okayama, 712-8505, Japan
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8
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Suelzu CM, Conti V, Khalidy Y, Montagna S, Strusi G, Di Lecce R, Berni P, Basini G, Ramoni R, Grolli S. Xenobiotic-Free Medium Guarantees Expansion of Adipose Tissue-Derived Canine Mesenchymal Stem Cells Both in 3D Fibrin-Based Matrices and in 2D Plastic Surface Cultures. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122578. [PMID: 33276432 PMCID: PMC7759956 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recently introduced in veterinary medicine as a potential therapeutic tool for several pathologies. The large-scale in vitro expansion needed to ensure the preparation of a suitable number of MSCs for clinical application usually requires the use of xenogeneic supplements like the fetal bovine serum (FBS). The substitution of FBS with species-specific supplements would improve the safety of implanted cells, reducing the risk of undesired immune responses following cell therapy. We have evaluated the effectiveness of canine adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and MSCs (ADMSCs) expansion in the presence of canine blood-derived supplements. Cells were cultured on traditional plastic surface and inside a 3D environment derived from the jellification of different blood-derived products, i.e., platelet-poor plasma (PPP), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), or platelet lysate (PL). PPP, PRP, and PL can contribute to canine ADMSCs in vitro expansion. Both allogeneic and autologous PPP and PL can replace FBS for ADMSCs culture on a plastic surface, exhibiting either a similar (PPP) or a more effective (PL) stimulus to cell replication. Furthermore, the 3D environment based on homospecific blood-derived products polymerization provides a strong stimulus to ADMSCs replication, producing a higher number of cells in comparison to the plastic surface environment. Allogeneic or autologous blood products behave similarly. The work suggests that canine ADMSCs can be expanded in the absence of xenogeneic supplements, thus increasing the safety of cellular preparations. Furthermore, the 3D fibrin-based matrices could represent a simple, readily available environments for effective in vitro expansion of ADMSCs using allogeneic or autologous blood-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina M. Suelzu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK;
- Correspondence: (C.M.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Virna Conti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Youssef Khalidy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Sara Montagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Gabriele Strusi
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK;
| | - Rosanna Di Lecce
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Priscilla Berni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Giuseppina Basini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Roberto Ramoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Stefano Grolli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.C.); (Y.K.); (S.M.); (R.D.L.); (P.B.); (G.B.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.S.); (S.G.)
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Kang MH, Park HM. Challenges of stem cell therapies in companion animal practice. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e42. [PMID: 32476316 PMCID: PMC7263915 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine using stem cells from various sources are emerging treatment modality in several refractory diseases in veterinary medicine. It is well-known that stem cells can differentiate into specific cell types, self-renew, and regenerate. In addition, the unique immunomodulatory effects of stem cells have made stem cell transplantation a promising option for treating a wide range of disease and injuries. Recently, the medical demands for companion animals have been rapidly increasing, and certain disease conditions require alternative treatment options. In this review, we focused on stem cell application research in companion animals including experimental models, case reports and clinical trials in dogs and cats. The clinical studies and therapeutic protocols were categorized, evaluated and summarized according to the organ systems involved. The results indicate that evidence for the effectiveness of cell-based treatment in specific diseases or organ systems is not yet conclusive. Nonetheless, stem cell therapy may be a realistic treatment option in the near future, therefore, considerable efforts are needed to find optimized cell sources, cell numbers and delivery methods in order to standardize treatment methods and evaluation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Kang
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hee Myung Park
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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10
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Gugjoo MB, Amarpal A, Sharma GT. Mesenchymal stem cell basic research and applications in dog medicine. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16779-16811. [PMID: 30790282 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The stem cells, owing to their special characteristics like self-renewal, multiplication, homing, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, and dedifferentiation are considered to carry an "all-in-one-solution" for diverse clinical problems. However, the limited understanding of cellular physiology currently limits their definitive therapeutic use. Among various stem cell types, currently mesenchymal stem cells are extensively studied for dog clinical applications owing to their readily available sources, easy harvesting, and ability to differentiate both into mesodermal, as well as extramesodermal tissues. The isolated, culture expanded, and characterized cells have been applied both at preclinical as well as clinical settings in dogs with variable but mostly positive results. The results, though positive, are currently inconclusive and demands further intensive research on the properties and their dependence on the applications. Further, numerous clinical conditions of dog resemble to that of human counterparts and thus, if proved rewarding in the former may act as basis of therapy for the latter. The current review throws some light on dog mesenchymal stem cell properties and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Amarpal Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Gutulla Taru Sharma
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Barberini DJ, Aleman M, Aristizabal F, Spriet M, Clark KC, Walker NJ, Galuppo LD, Amorim RM, Woolard KD, Borjesson DL. Safety and tracking of intrathecal allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in healthy and diseased horses. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:96. [PMID: 29631634 PMCID: PMC5891950 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0849-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is currently unknown if the intrathecal administration of a high dose of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is safe, how MSCs migrate throughout the vertebral canal after intrathecal administration, and whether MSCs are able to home to a site of injury. The aims of the study were: 1) to evaluate the safety of intrathecal injection of 100 million allogeneic adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs); 2) to assess the distribution of ASCs after atlanto-occipital (AO) and lumbosacral (LS) injection in healthy horses; and 3) to determine if ASCs homed to the site of injury in neurologically diseased horses. Methods Six healthy horses received 100 × 106 allogeneic ASCs via AO (n = 3) or LS injection (n = 3). For two of these horses, ASCs were radiolabeled with technetium and injected AO (n = 1) or LS (n = 1). Neurological examinations were performed daily, and blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were evaluated prior to and at 30 days after injection. Scintigraphic images were obtained immediately postinjection and at 30 mins, 1 h, 5 h, and 24 h after injection. Three horses with cervical vertebral compressive myelopathy (CVCM) received 100 × 106 allogeneic ASCs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) via AO injection and were euthanized 1–2 weeks after injection for a full nervous system necropsy. CSF parameters were compared using a paired student’s t test. Results There were no significant alterations in blood, CSF, or neurological examinations at any point after either AO or LS ASC injections into healthy horses. The radioactive signal could be identified all the way to the lumbar area after AO ASC injection. After LS injection, the signal extended caudally but only a minimal radioactive signal extended further cranially. GFP-labeled ASCs were not present at the site of disease at either 1 or 2 weeks following intrathecal administration. Conclusions The intrathecal injection of allogeneic ASCs was safe and easy to perform in horses. The AO administration of ASCs resulted in better distribution within the entire subarachnoid space in healthy horses. ASCs could not be found after 7 or 15 days of injection at the site of injury in horses with CVCM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0849-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Jaqueta Barberini
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and the Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Monica Aleman
- Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Fabio Aristizabal
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Mathieu Spriet
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Kaitlin C Clark
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and the Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Naomi J Walker
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and the Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Larry D Galuppo
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Rogério Martins Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, São Paulo State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Kevin D Woolard
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and the Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and the Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, Davis, USA.
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12
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Sun J, Chen J, Cao J, Li T, Zhuang S, Jiang X. IL-1β-stimulated β-catenin up-regulation promotes angiogenesis in human lung-derived mesenchymal stromal cells through a NF-κB-dependent microRNA-433 induction. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59429-59440. [PMID: 27449086 PMCID: PMC5312322 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable attentions have been focused on the treatment of lung injury using mesenchymal stem cells that can replenish damaged tissues including the blood vessels. In human lung-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hL-MSC), we investigated the potential role of an IL-1β-stimulated miR-433 pathway in angiogenesis in vitro. The expressions of miR-433 and its target genes were examined in cells treated with IL-1β. The angiogenic activity of hL-MSC was studied by cell migration and tube formation assays in which miR-433 levels were manipulated. The reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were also performed to analyze the underlying regulations. We found that the expression of miR-433 was enhanced in hL-MSC by IL-1β in a NF-κB dependent manner via a NF-κB binding site at its promoter region. The effects of IL-1β on promoting angiogenic activities in hL-MSC can be mimicked by the overexpression of miR-433 and were blocked by anti-miR-433. Mechanistically, our data suggested that miR-433 directly targets the 3'-UTR of Dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 1 (DKK1) mRNA and decreases its expression. Consistently, the expression of β-catenin, the major mediator of canonical Wnt pathway that is capable of inducing endothelial differentiation and angiogenesis, was upregulated by IL-1β through miR-433. Thus, increasing miR-433 expression by IL-1β in mesenchymal stem cells could stimulate their capacity of vascular remodeling for efficient repair processes, which may be utilized as a therapeutic target in patients suffering from severe lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sun
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jintao Chen
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Cao
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianxiang Li
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoxia Zhuang
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiufeng Jiang
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Ye Y, Feng TT, Peng YR, Hu SQ, Xu T. The treatment of spinal cord injury in rats using bone marrow-derived neural-like cells induced by cerebrospinal fluid. Neurosci Lett 2017; 666:85-91. [PMID: 29274438 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and BMSC neural-like cells (BMSC-Ns) on the spinal cord injury (SCI) in the rat model of SCI. BMSC-Ns were prepared from the third passage of BMSCs by induction of healthy cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of an adult human. The SCI rat model was established through a surgical procedure, and after 7 days the rats were randomly divided into 3 (A, B and C) groups. Groups A (BMSC-Ns) and B (BMSCs) were treated with 1 × 106/20 μl cells, while group C (saline) was treated with saline, all via intracerebroventricular injection. After transplantation, the BBB score of group A was significantly higher than that of group B, which in turn was significantly higher than that of group C (P < .05). The levels of Bdnf, Ngf, Ntf3 were statistically significantly higher in group A than those in groups B and C (P < .05). The levels of 5-HT, NA, Ach, DA, GABA in group A were significantly higher than those in groups B and C, whereas the level of Glu was significantly lower in group A than that in groups B and C (P < .05). The histopathological data showed remarkably less necrosis of the spinal cord in group A, compared to that in groups B and C. Transplanting BMSC-Ns or BMSCs into the lateral ventricles improved the neurological function of rats with SCI. Moreover, BMSC-Ns were significantly more effective than BMSCs, which provides a possible approach for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ye
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine & Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Emergency Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Ting-Ting Feng
- Emergency Center, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, China
| | - Yi-Ran Peng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Shu-Qun Hu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine & Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Tie Xu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine & Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Emergency Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China.
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14
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Walczak P, Wojtkiewicz J, Nowakowski A, Habich A, Holak P, Xu J, Adamiak Z, Chehade M, Pearl MS, Gailloud P, Lukomska B, Maksymowicz W, Bulte JW, Janowski M. Real-time MRI for precise and predictable intra-arterial stem cell delivery to the central nervous system. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:2346-2358. [PMID: 27618834 PMCID: PMC5531335 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16665853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy for neurological disorders reached a pivotal point when the efficacy of several cell types was demonstrated in small animal models. Translation of stem cell therapy is contingent upon overcoming the challenge of effective cell delivery to the human brain, which has a volume ∼1000 times larger than that of the mouse. Intra-arterial injection can achieve a broad, global, but also on-demand spatially targeted biodistribution; however, its utility has been limited by unpredictable cell destination and homing as dictated by the vascular territory, as well as by safety concerns. We show here that high-speed MRI can be used to visualize the intravascular distribution of a superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent and can thus be used to accurately predict the distribution of intra-arterial administered stem cells. Moreover, high-speed MRI enables the real-time visualization of cell homing, providing the opportunity for immediate intervention in the case of undesired biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Walczak
- 1 Division of MR Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,2 Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,3 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Wojtkiewicz
- 4 Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Adam Nowakowski
- 5 NeuroRepair Dept, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Habich
- 4 Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Piotr Holak
- 6 Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jiadi Xu
- 7 F.M. Kirby Research Centre, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zbigniew Adamiak
- 6 Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Moussa Chehade
- 1 Division of MR Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Monica S Pearl
- 8 Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Philippe Gailloud
- 8 Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- 5 NeuroRepair Dept, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Maksymowicz
- 9 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jeff Wm Bulte
- 1 Division of MR Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,2 Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,10 Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,11 Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,12 Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- 1 Division of MR Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,2 Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,5 NeuroRepair Dept, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,13 Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells with eNOS Over-Expression Enhance Cardiac Repair in Rats with Myocardial Infarction. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2017; 31:9-18. [PMID: 27913896 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-016-6704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising therapeutic option for patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS We show here that the ectopic overexpression of endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS), an endothelial form of NOS, could enhance the ability of MSCs in treating ischemic heart damage after the occlusion of the coronary artery. RESULTS Adenoviral delivery of human eNOS gene into mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) conferred resistance to oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cell death in vitro, and elevated the bioavailability of nitric oxide when injected into the myocardium in vivo. In a rat model of acute myocardial infarction, the transplantation of eNOS-overexpressing BM-MSCs significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, corrected hemodynamic parameters and increased capillary density. We also found that the synergistic effects were consistently better than either treatment alone. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal a positive role of elevated eNOS expression in cardiac repair, and suggest the combination of eNOS and MSC transplant therapy as a potential approach for treating myocardial infarction.
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16
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Chow L, Johnson V, Coy J, Regan D, Dow S. Mechanisms of Immune Suppression Utilized by Canine Adipose and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:374-389. [PMID: 27881051 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from rodents and humans have been shown to suppress T cells by distinct primary pathways, with nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathways dominating in rodents and indoleamine 2,3-deoxygenase (IDO)-dependent pathways dominating in humans. However, the immune suppressive pathways utilized by canine MSC have not been thoroughly studied, nor have bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) and adipose-derived MSC (Ad-MSC) been directly compared for their immune modulatory potency or pathway utilization. Therefore, canine BM-MSC and Ad-MSC were generated in vitro and their potency in suppressing T cell proliferation and cytokine production was compared, and differential gene expression. Mechanisms of T cells suppression were also investigated for both MSC types. We found that BM-MSC and Ad-MSC were roughly equivalent in terms of their ability to suppress T cell activation. However, the two MSC types used both shared and distinct biochemical pathways to suppress T cell activation. Ad-MSC utilized TGF-β signaling pathways and adenosine signaling to suppress T cell activation, whereas BM-MSC used cyclooxygenase, TGF-β and adenosine signaling pathways to suppress T cell activation. These results indicate that canine MSC are distinct from human and rodent MSC terms of their immune suppressive pathways, relying primarily on cyclooxygenase and TGF-β pathways for T cell suppression, rather than on NO or IDO-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndah Chow
- 1 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado.,2 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado
| | - Valerie Johnson
- 1 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado.,2 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado
| | - Jonathan Coy
- 1 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado.,2 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado
| | - Dan Regan
- 1 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado.,2 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado
| | - Steven Dow
- 1 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado.,2 Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Ft. Collins, Colorado
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17
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Landsberg G, Maďari A, Žilka N. Behavioural and Medical Differentials of Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Dogs and Cats. CANINE AND FELINE DEMENTIA 2017. [PMCID: PMC7121040 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53219-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) is a diagnosis of exclusion given that there is no specific diagnostic test or tool and that medical disorders can cause the same set of signs. The veterinary surgeon must first identify that signs are present, collect a full history and then perform a full physical examination and relevant diagnostic tests to rule out medical causes for the signs including blood and urine analysis, radiographs and diagnostic imaging such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) where indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Landsberg
- North Toronto Veterinary Behaviour, Specialty Clinic, Thornhill, Ontario Canada
| | - Aladár Maďari
- Univ of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Small Animal Clinic, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Žilka
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Bratislava, Slovakia
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18
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Wheat WH, Chow L, Kurihara JN, Regan DP, Coy JW, Webb TL, Dow SW. Suppression of Canine Dendritic Cell Activation/Maturation and Inflammatory Cytokine Release by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Occurs Through Multiple Distinct Biochemical Pathways. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 26:249-262. [PMID: 27842458 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a readily accessible source of cells with potent immune modulatory activity. MSC can suppress ongoing inflammatory responses by suppressing T cell function, while fewer studies have examined the impact of MSC on dendritic cell (DC) function. The dog spontaneous disease model represents an important animal model with which to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of cellular therapy with MSC. This study evaluated the effects of canine MSC on the activation and maturation of canine monocyte-derived DC, as well as mechanisms underlying these effects. Adipose-derived canine MSC were cocultured with canine DC, and the MSC effects on DC maturation and activation were assessed by flow cytometry, cytokine ELISA, and confocal microscopy. We found that canine MSC significantly suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated upregulation of DC activation markers such as major histocompatibility class II (MHCII), CD86, and CD40. Furthermore, pretreatment of MSC with interferon gamma (IFNγ) augmented this suppressive activity. IFNγ-activated MSC also significantly reduced LPS-elicited DC secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha without reducing secretion of interleukin-10. The suppressive effect of IFNγ-treated MSC on LPS-induced DC activation was mediated by soluble factors secreted by both MSC and DC. Pathways of DC functional suppression included programmed death ligand-1 expression and secretion of nitrous oxide, prostaglandin E2, and adenosine by activated MSC. Coculture of DC with IFNγ-treated MSC maintained DC in an immature state and prolonged DC antigen uptake during LPS maturation stimulus. Taken together, canine MSC are capable of potently suppressing DC function in a potentially inflammatory microenvironment through several separate immunological pathways and confirm the potential for immune therapy with MSC in canine immune-mediated disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Wheat
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Lyndah Chow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Jade N Kurihara
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Daniel P Regan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Jonathan W Coy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Tracy L Webb
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Steven W Dow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado
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19
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Li M, Xu J, Shi T, Yu H, Bi J, Chen G. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate augments therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in skin wound healing. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:1115-1124. [PMID: 27557877 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Jingxing Xu
- The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Tongxin Shi
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Jianping Bi
- The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Guanzhi Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
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20
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Al Delfi IR, Sheard JJ, Wood CR, Vernallis A, Innes JF, Myint P, Johnson WEB. Canine mesenchymal stem cells are neurotrophic and angiogenic: An in vitro assessment of their paracrine activity. Vet J 2016; 217:10-17. [PMID: 27810198 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in cell replacement therapies for connective tissue damage, but also can stimulate wound healing through paracrine activity. In order to further understand the potential use of MSCs to treat dogs with neurological disorders, this study examined the paracrine action of adipose-derived canine MSCs on neuronal and endothelial cell models. The culture-expanded MSCs exhibited a MSC phenotype according to plastic adherence, cell morphology, CD profiling and differentiation potential along mesenchymal lineages. Treating the SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line with serum-free MSC culture-conditioned medium (MSC CM) significantly increased SH-SY5Y cell proliferation (P <0.01), neurite outgrowth (P = 0.0055) and immunopositivity for the neuronal marker βIII-tubulin (P = 0.0002). Treatment of the EA.hy926 endothelial cell line with MSC CM significantly increased the rate of wound closure in endothelial cell scratch wound assays (P = 0.0409), which was associated with significantly increased endothelial cell proliferation (P <0.05) and migration (P = 0.0001). Furthermore, canine MSC CM induced endothelial tubule formation in EA.hy926 cells in a soluble basement membrane matrix. Hence, this study has demonstrated that adipose-derived canine MSC CM stimulated neuronal and endothelial cells probably through the paracrine activity of MSC-secreted factors. This supports the use of canine MSC transplants or their secreted products in the clinical treatment of dogs with neurological disorders and provides some insight into possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- I R Al Delfi
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - J J Sheard
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - C R Wood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, Cheshire CH1 4BJ, UK
| | - A Vernallis
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - J F Innes
- Veterinary Tissue Bank Ltd, Brynkinalt Business Centre, Wrexham LL14 5NS, UK
| | - P Myint
- Veterinary Tissue Bank Ltd, Brynkinalt Business Centre, Wrexham LL14 5NS, UK
| | - W E B Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, Cheshire CH1 4BJ, UK.
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21
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Hoffman AM, Dow SW. Concise Review: Stem Cell Trials Using Companion Animal Disease Models. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1709-29. [PMID: 27066769 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Studies to evaluate the therapeutic potential of stem cells in humans would benefit from more realistic animal models. In veterinary medicine, companion animals naturally develop many diseases that resemble human conditions, therefore, representing a novel source of preclinical models. To understand how companion animal disease models are being studied for this purpose, we reviewed the literature between 2008 and 2015 for reports on stem cell therapies in dogs and cats, excluding laboratory animals, induced disease models, cancer, and case reports. Disease models included osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, dilated cardiomyopathy, inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn's fistulas, meningoencephalomyelitis (multiple sclerosis-like), keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Sjogren's syndrome-like), atopic dermatitis, and chronic (end-stage) kidney disease. Stem cells evaluated in these studies included mesenchymal stem-stromal cells (MSC, 17/19 trials), olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC, 1 trial), or neural lineage cells derived from bone marrow MSC (1 trial), and 16/19 studies were performed in dogs. The MSC studies (13/17) used adipose tissue-derived MSC from either allogeneic (8/13) or autologous (5/13) sources. The majority of studies were open label, uncontrolled studies. Endpoints and protocols were feasible, and the stem cell therapies were reportedly safe and elicited beneficial patient responses in all but two of the trials. In conclusion, companion animals with naturally occurring diseases analogous to human conditions can be recruited into clinical trials and provide realistic insight into feasibility, safety, and biologic activity of novel stem cell therapies. However, improvements in the rigor of manufacturing, study design, and regulatory compliance will be needed to better utilize these models. Stem Cells 2016;34:1709-1729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Hoffman
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven W Dow
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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