1
|
Liang W, Zhang M, Gao J, Huang R, Cheng L, Zhang L, Huang Z, Jia Z, Zhang S. Safflower Yellow Injection Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1058. [PMID: 39204163 PMCID: PMC11359820 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Safflower yellow is an extract of the famous Chinese medicine Carthamus tinctorious L, and safflower yellow injection (SYI) is widely used clinically to treat angina pectoris. However, there are few studies on the anti-myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury effect of SYI, and its mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of SYI on myocardial I/R injury and explore its underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group, sham group, model group, and SYI group (20 mg/kg, femoral vein injection 1 h before modeling). The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated to establish a myocardial I/R model. H9c2 cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) after incubation with 80 μg/mL SYI for 24 h. In vivo, TsTC, HE, and TUNEL staining were performed to evaluate myocardial injury and apoptosis. A kit was used to detect superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) to assess oxidative stress. In vitro, flow cytometry was used to detect the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and apoptosis rate. Protein levels were determined via Western blotting. Pretreatment with SYI significantly reduced infarct size and pathological damage in rat hearts and suppressed cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. In addition, SYI inhibited oxidative stress by increasing SOD activity and decreasing MDA content and ROS production. Myocardial I/R and OGD/R activate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as evidenced by increased expression of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase caspase-12, and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), which were all inhibited by SYI. SYI ameliorated myocardial I/R injury by attenuating apoptosis, oxidative damage, and ER stress, which revealed new mechanistic insights into its application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wulin Liang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
| | - Mingqian Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
| | - Jiahui Gao
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
| | - Rikang Huang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
| | - Lu Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
| | - Zhishan Huang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
| | - Zhanhong Jia
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
| | - Shuofeng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China (L.Z.)
- Department of Tibetan Pharmacy, University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa 850030, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Song X, Fan X. Protective effects of orientin against spinal cord injury in rats. Neuroreport 2024; 35:753-762. [PMID: 38980926 PMCID: PMC11236268 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to study the reparative effects of orientin against spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and explore its potential mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into Sham, SCI, Orientin, and SB203580 [an inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK)] groups. In the SCI group, rats underwent Allen's beat. SCI animals in Orientin and SB203580 groups were respectively treated with 40 mg kg-1 orientin and 3 mg kg-1 SB203580 once daily. Functional recovery was evaluated based on Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scoring. Histopathological analysis was performed using hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl staining. Cell apoptosis was examined by TUNEL staining. The relative quantity of apoptosis-related proteins, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament 200 (NF200), and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was detected via western blotting. The indices related to inflammation and oxidation were measured using agent kits. The p38MAPK/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) signaling activity was detected using real-time quantitative PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Orientin was revealed to effectively mitigate cell apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in impaired tissues. Meanwhile, orientin exerted great neuroprotective effects by abating GFAP expression, and up-regulating the expression of NF200 and BDNF, and significantly suppressed the p38MAPK/iNOS signaling. Orientin application could promote the repair of secondary SCI through attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response, reducing cell apoptosis and suppressing p38MAPK/iNOS signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Song
- Department of Medical Biology, Basic Medical College of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, P.R. China
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li N, Mao J, Wang M, Qi J, Jiang Z, Li Y, Yan G, Hu Y, Li S, Sun H, Ding L. Transplantation of human endometrial perivascular stem cells with hydroxy saffron yellow A promotes uterine repair in rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:217. [PMID: 39020406 PMCID: PMC11256499 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) jeopardise uterine function in women, which is a great challenge in the clinic. Previous studies have shown that endometrial perivascular cells (En-PSCs) can improve the healing of scarred uteri and that hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) promotes angiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to observe whether the combination of En-PSCs with HSYA could improve the blood supply and fertility in the rat uterus after full-thickness injury. METHODS En-PSCs were sorted by flow cytometry, and the effect of HSYA on the proliferation and angiogenesis of the En-PSCs was detected using CCK-8 and tube formation assays. Based on a previously reported rat IUA model, the rat uteri were sham-operated, spontaneously regenerated, or treated with collagen-loaded PBS, collagen-loaded HSYA, collagen-loaded En-PSCs, or collagen-loaded En-PSCs with HSYA, and then collected at both 30 and 90 days postsurgery. HE staining and Masson staining were used to evaluate uterine structure and collagen fibre deposition, and immunohistochemical staining for α-SMA and vWF was used to evaluate myometrial regeneration and neovascularization in each group. A fertility assay was performed to detect the recovery of pregnancy function in each group. RNA-seq was performed to determine the potential mechanism underlying En-PSCs/HSYA treatment. Immunofluorescence, tube formation assays, and Western blot were used to validate the molecular mechanism involved. RESULTS The transplantation of Collagen/En-PSCs/HSYA markedly promoted uterine repair in rats with full-thickness injury by reducing fibrosis, increasing endometrial thickness, regenerating myometrium, promoting angiogenesis, and facilitated live births. RNA sequencing results suggested that En-PSCs/HSYA activated the NRG1/ErbB4 signaling pathway. In vitro tube formation experiments revealed that the addition of an ErbB inhibitor diminished the tube formation ability of cocultured En-PSCs and HUVECs. Western blot results further showed that elevated levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins were detected in the Collagen/En-PSCs/HSYA group compared to the Collagen/En-PSCs group. These collective results suggested that the beneficial effects of the transplantation of Collagen/En-PSCs/HSYA might be attributed to the modulation of the NRG1/ErbB4 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The combination of En-PSCs/HSYA facilitated morphological and functional repair in rats with full-thickness uterine injury and may promote endometrial angiogenesis by regulating the NRG1/ErbB4 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jialian Mao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jiahui Qi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shiyuan Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lijun Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Clinical Center for Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu E, Li T, Li Z, Su H, Yan Q, Wang L, Li H, Zhang W, Tang T, Wang Y. Metabolomics reveals the effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on neurogenesis and axon regeneration after experimental traumatic brain injury. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1054-1064. [PMID: 37416997 PMCID: PMC10332220 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2229379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the main bioactive ingredient of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L., [Asteraceae]) for traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment. OBJECTIVE To explore the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of HSYA on post-TBI neurogenesis and axon regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into Sham, controlled cortex impact (CCI), and HSYA groups. Firstly, the modified Neurologic Severity Score (mNSS), foot fault test, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Nissl's staining, and immunofluorescence of Tau1 and doublecortin (DCX) were used to evaluate the effects of HSYA on TBI at the 14th day. Next, the effectors of HSYA on post-TBI neurogenesis and axon regeneration were screened out by pathology-specialized network pharmacology and untargeted metabolomics. Then, the core effectors were validated by immunofluorescence. RESULTS HSYA alleviated mNSS, foot fault rate, inflammatory cell infiltration, and Nissl's body loss. Moreover, HSYA increased not only hippocampal DCX but also cortical Tau1 and DCX following TBI. Metabolomics demonstrated that HSYA significantly regulated hippocampal and cortical metabolites enriched in 'arginine metabolism' and 'phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism' including l-phenylalanine, ornithine, l-(+)-citrulline and argininosuccinic acid. Network pharmacology suggested that neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were the core nodes in the HSYA-TBI-neurogenesis and axon regeneration network. In addition, BDNF and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) were significantly elevated following HSYA treatment in the cortex and hippocampus. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS HSYA may promote TBI recovery by facilitating neurogenesis and axon regeneration through regulating cortical and hippocampal metabolism, BDNF and STAT3/GAP43 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- En Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zhilin Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Qiuju Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xiangxiang People’s Hospital, Xiangxiang, PR China
| | - Haigang Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Han X, Zhou H, Yin J, Zhu J, Yang J, Wan H. Network Analysis and Experimental Verification of the Mechanisms of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A in Ischemic Stroke Following Atherosclerosis. Molecules 2023; 28:7829. [PMID: 38067558 PMCID: PMC10707860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is derived from Carthamus tinctorius L. (Honghua in Chinese) and is used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. However, the mechanism by which HSYA treats ischemic stroke following atherosclerosis (ISFA) remains unclear. The targets and pathways of HSYA against ISFA were obtained using network analysis. A total of 3335 potential IFSA-related targets were predicted using the GenCards and Drugbank databases, and a total of 88 potential HSYA-related targets were predicted using the Swiss Target Prediction database. A total of 62 HSYA-related targets against IFSA were obtained. The network was composed of HSYA, 62 targets, and 20 pathways. The top 20 targets were constructed via the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the targets were involved in signal transduction, protein phosphorylation, the cytoplasm, the plasma membrane, the cytosol, zinc ion binding, ATP binding, protein kinase binding/activity, and enzyme binding. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the pathways were associated with cancer, inflammatory mediator regulation of the transient receptor potential channels, and microRNA in cancer. Additionally, molecular docking indicated that HSYA mainly interacts with five targets, namely interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), E1A-binding protein p300 (EP300), protein kinase C alpha (PRKCA), and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta (IKBKB). In animal experiments, HSYA administration ameliorated the infarct size, neurological deficit score, histopathological changes, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and blood lipid level (total cholesterol and triglycerides). Immunochemistry and quantitative PCR showed that HSYA intervention downregulated the expression of STAT3, EP300, PRKCA, and IKBKB, and the enzyme-linked immunoassay showed reduced IL-1β levels. The findings of this study provide a reference for the development of anti-ISFA drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Haitong Wan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (X.H.); (H.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee PH, Hsu HJ, Tien CH, Huang CC, Huang CY, Chen HF, Yeh ML, Lee JS. Characterizing the Impact of Compression Duration and Deformation-Related Loss of Closure Force on Clip-Induced Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. Neurol Int 2023; 15:1383-1392. [PMID: 37987461 PMCID: PMC10661265 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The clip-induced spinal cord injury (SCI) rat model is pivotal in preclinical SCI research. However, the literature exhibits variability in compression duration and limited attention to clip deformation-related loss of closure force. We aimed to investigate the impact of compression duration on SCI severity and the influence of clip deformation on closure force. Rats received T10-level clip-induced SCI with durations of 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 s, and a separate group underwent T10 transection. Outcomes included functional, histological, electrophysiological assessments, and inflammatory cytokine analysis. A tactile pressure mapping system quantified clip closure force after open-close cycles. Our results showed a positive correlation between compression duration and the severity of functional, histological, and electrophysiological deficits. Remarkably, even a brief 1-s compression caused significant deficits comparable to moderate-to-severe SCI. SSEP waveforms were abolished with durations over 20 s. Decreased clip closure force appeared after five open-close cycles. This study offers critical insights into regulating SCI severity in rat models, aiding researchers. Understanding compression duration and clip fatigue is essential for experiment design and interpretation using the clip-induced SCI model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsuan Lee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (C.-H.T.); (C.-C.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Heng-Juei Hsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hao Tien
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (C.-H.T.); (C.-C.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chi-Chen Huang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (C.-H.T.); (C.-C.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chih-Yuan Huang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (C.-H.T.); (C.-C.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Hui-Fang Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Long Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Shun Lee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (C.-H.T.); (C.-C.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lin J, Chen P, Tan Z, Sun Y, Tam WK, Ao D, Shen W, Leung VYL, Cheung KMC, To MKT. Application of silver nanoparticles for improving motor recovery after spinal cord injury via reduction of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15689. [PMID: 37234658 PMCID: PMC10205515 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess anti-inflammatory activities and have been widely deployed for promoting tissue repair. Here we explored the efficacy of AgNPs on functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Our data indicated that, in a SCI rat model, local AgNPs delivery could significantly recover locomotor function and exert neuroprotection through reducing of pro-inflammatory M1 survival. Furthermore, in comparison with Raw 264.7-derived M0 and M2, a higher level of AgNPs uptake and more pronounced cytotoxicity were detected in M1. RNA-seq analysis revealed the apoptotic genes in M1 were upregulated by AgNPs, whereas in M0 and M2, pro-apoptotic genes were downregulated and PI3k-Akt pathway signaling pathway was upregulated. Moreover, AgNPs treatment preferentially reduced cell viability of human monocyte-derived M1 comparing to M2, supporting its effect on M1 in human. Overall, our findings reveal AgNPs could suppress M1 activity and imply its therapeutic potential in promoting post-SCI motor recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peikai Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Zhijia Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518034, China
| | - Wai Kit Tam
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Di Ao
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Victor Yu-Leong Leung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kenneth Man Chee Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael Kai Tsun To
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kayabaş M, Şahin L, Makav M, Alwazeer D, Aras L, Yiğit S, LeBaron TW. Protective Effect of Hydrogen-Rich Saline on Spinal Cord Damage in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040527. [PMID: 37111284 PMCID: PMC10143771 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of molecular hydrogen, delivered as hydrogen-rich saline (HRS), on spinal cord injury was investigated. Four-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 24) were classified into four groups: (1) control—laminectomy only at T7-T10; (2) spinal injury—dura left intact, Tator and Rivlin clip compression model applied to the spinal cord for 1 min, no treatment given; (3) HRS group—applied intraperitoneally (i.p.) for seven days; and (4) spinal injury—HRS administered i.p. for seven days after laminectomy at T7–T10 level, leaving the dura intact and applying the Tator and Rivlin clip compression model to the spinal cord for 1 min. Levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured in blood taken at day seven from all groups, and hematoxylin–eosin (H & E) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) were used to stain the tissue samples. IL-6 and TNF-α levels were significantly lower in the group treated with HRS following the spinal cord injury compared to the group whose spinal cord was damaged. A decrease in apoptosis was also observed. The anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect of IL-6 may be a clinically useful adjuvant therapy after spinal cord injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kayabaş
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Türkiye
| | - Levent Şahin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Makav
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Kafkas University, 36040 Kars, Türkiye
| | - Duried Alwazeer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Iğdır University, 76000 Iğdır, Türkiye
| | - Levent Aras
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Türkiye
| | - Serdar Yiğit
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Türkiye
| | - Tyler W. LeBaron
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, UT 84721, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Expression Profiles of Long Noncoding RNAs and Messenger RNAs in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2023; 2023:6033020. [PMID: 36714328 PMCID: PMC9879695 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6033020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious disorder of the central nervous system with a high disability rate. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to mediate many biological processes. The aim of this study was to explore lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles and functional networks after SCI. Differentially expressed genes between SCI model rats and sham controls were identified by microarray assays and analyzed by functional enrichment. Key lncRNAs were identified using a support vector machine- (SVM-) recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm. A trans and cis regulation model was used to analyze the regulatory relationships between lncRNAs and their targets. An lncRNA-related ceRNA network was established. We identified 5465 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) and 8366 differentially expressed mRNAs (DE mRNAs) in the SCI group compared with the sham group (fold change > 2.0, p < 0.05). Four genes were confirmed by qRT-PCR which were consistent with the microarray data. GSEA analysis showed that most marked changes occurred in pathways related to immune inflammation and nerve cell function, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, and GABAergic synapse. Enrichment analysis identified 30 signaling pathways, including those associated with immune inflammation response. A total of 40 key lncRNAs were identified using the SVM-RFE algorithm. A key lncRNA-mRNAs coexpression network was generated for 230 951 lncRNA-mRNA pairs with half showing positive correlations. Several key DE lncRNAs were predicted to have "cis"- or "trans"-regulated target genes. The transcription factors, Sp1, JUN, and SOX10, may regulate the interaction between XR_001837123.1 and ETS 1. In addition, five pairs of ceRNA regulatory sequences were constructed. Many mRNAs and lncRNAs were found to be dysregulated after SCI. Bioinformatic analysis showed that DE lncRNAs may play crucial roles in SCI. It is anticipated that these findings will provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for SCI.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liang QQ, Yao M, Cui XJ, Li ZY, Zhou AF, Li G, Zhou LY, Pu PM, Zhu K, Zheng Z, Wang YJ. Chronic spinal cord compression associated with intervertebral disc degeneration in SPARC-null mice. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:634-642. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.350210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
11
|
Febriza A, Kasim VN. Potential effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on reducing pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis due to SARS-COV2. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH - BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETÀ ITALIANA DI BIOLOGIA SPERIMENTALE 2022. [DOI: 10.4081/jbr.2022.10572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine storm is a condition that is characterized by a massive production of proinflammatory cytokines. Failure in balancing the up-regulation and down-regulation causes excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines in the fight against SARS-CoV2 virus infection, leading to lung damage and acute respiratory distress syndrome; in addition, high levels of IL-6 can activate the clotting pathways and vascular endothelial cells, which can inhibit blood circulation and heart muscle function and cause pulmonary, kidney, and liver fibrosis. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A (HSYA) is a compound that has been shown to reduce tissue lung damage through Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 4, inhibits phosphorylation of the NF-κB pathway, and plays a role in balancing the up-regulation and down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. This review of literature discusses the ability of HSYA to reduce inflammation that causes pulmonary cell and tissue damage. HSYA can inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and suppress the binding of the TGF-β1 promoter. This molecular mechanism can reduce lung damage by attenuating the inflammatory response by inhibiting the TLR 4-dependent pathways that can improve the condition of mice affected by pulmonary fibrosis, including inflammation that leads to vascular tissue repair. The molecular mechanism of HSYA can inhibit inflammatory mechanisms in lung injury, vascular tissue damage, and liver and kidney fibrosis. Therefore, this literature review can be used as a reference for in vivo research and clinical trials for further research on the ability to heal patients with cytokine storm that causes cardiovascular tissue damage and lung injury in patients infected with SARS-CoV-19.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Exerts Neuroprotective Effects via HIF-1α/BNIP3 Pathway to Activate Neuronal Autophagy after OGD/R. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233726. [PMID: 36496986 PMCID: PMC9736542 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the process of ischemic stroke (IS), cellular macroautophagy/autophagy and apoptosis play a vital role in neuroprotection against it. Therefore, regulating their balance is a potential therapeutic strategy. It has been proved that hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which can both protect neurons. By exploring bioinformatics combined with network pharmacology, we found that HIF1A and CASP3, key factors regulating autophagy and apoptosis, may be important targets of HSYA for neuroprotection in an oxygen glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) model. In this study, we explored a possible new mechanism of HSYA neuroprotection in the OGD/R model. The results showed that OGD/R increased the expression of HIF1A and CASP3 in SH-SY5Y cells and induced autophagy and apoptosis, while HSYA intervention further promoted the expression of HIF1A and inhibited the level of CASP3, accompanied by an increase in autophagy and a decrease in apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. The inhibition of HIF1A diminished the activation of autophagy induced with HSYA, while the inhibition of autophagy increased cell apoptosis and blocked the neuroprotective effect of HSYA, suggesting that the neuroprotective effect of HSYA should be mediated by activating the HIF1A/BNIP3 signaling pathway to induce autophagy. These results demonstrate that HSYA may be a promising agent for treating IS.
Collapse
|
13
|
Li T, Han D, Li Z, Qiu M, Zhu Y, Li K, Xiang J, Sun H, Shi Y, Yan T, Shi X, Zhang Q. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Phytosomes Administered via Intervaginal Space Injection Ameliorate Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1394. [PMID: 36422524 PMCID: PMC9693527 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal interstitial disease characterized by fibroblast proliferation and differentiation and abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix, with high mortality and an increasing annual incidence. Since few drugs are available for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, there is an urgent need for high-efficiency therapeutic drugs and treatment methods to reduce the mortality associated with pulmonary fibrosis. The interstitium, a highly efficient transportation system that pervades the body, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of disease, and can be used as a new route for disease diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we evaluated the administration of hydroxysafflor yellow A phytosomes via intervaginal space injection (ISI) as an anti-pulmonary fibrosis treatment. Our results show that this therapeutic strategy blocked the activation of p38 protein in the MAPK-p38 signaling pathway and inhibited the expression of Smad3 protein in the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, thereby reducing secretion of related inflammatory factors, deposition of collagen in the lungs of mice, and destruction of the alveolar structure. Use of ISI in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis provides a potential novel therapeutic modality for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- College of Life Sciences, Bejing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Hebei Key Lab of Nano-Biotechnology, Hebei Key Lab of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Dong Han
- College of Life Sciences, Bejing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongxian Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengqi Qiu
- Hebei Key Lab of Nano-Biotechnology, Hebei Key Lab of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yuting Zhu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kai Li
- College of Life Sciences, Bejing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiawei Xiang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huizhen Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Bejing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yahong Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Bejing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tun Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Bejing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoli Shi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Bejing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Hebei Key Lab of Nano-Biotechnology, Hebei Key Lab of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang SW, Chang CC, Hsuan CF, Chang TH, Chen YL, Wang YY, Yu TH, Wu CC, Houng JY. Neuroprotective Effect of Abelmoschus manihot Flower Extracts against the H 2O 2-Induced Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in PC12 Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100596. [PMID: 36290563 PMCID: PMC9598102 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of neurodegenerative diseases is associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Abelmoschus manihot L. flower (AMf) has been shown to possess excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study investigated the protective effect of ethanolic extract (AME), water extract (AMW) and supercritical extract (AMS) of AMf on PC12 neuronal cells under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulation. This study also explored the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of AME, which was the best among the three extracts. The experimental results showed that even at a concentration of 500 μg/mL, neither AME nor AMW showed toxic effects on PC12 cells, while AMS caused about 10% cell death. AME has the most protective effect on apoptosis of PC12 cells stimulated with 0.5 mM H2O2. This is evident by the finding when PC12 cells were treated with 500 μg/mL AME; the viability was restored from 58.7% to 80.6% in the Treatment mode (p < 0.001) and from 59.1% to 98.1% in the Prevention mode (p < 0.001). Under the stimulation of H2O2, AME significantly up-regulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase; promoted the production of the intracellular antioxidant; reduced glutathione; and reduced ROS generation in PC12 cells. When the acute inflammation was induced under the H2O2 stimulation, AME significantly down-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2 and iNOS). AME pretreatment could also greatly promote the production of nucleotide excision repair (NER)-related proteins, which were down-regulated by H2O2. This finding indicates that AME could repair DNA damage caused by oxidative stress. Results from this study demonstrate that AME has the potential to delay the onset and progression of oxidative stress-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Chang
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Hsuan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsien Chang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ya Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yiing Houng
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-6151100 (ext. 7915)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li RF, Gui F, Yu C, Luo YM, Guo L. Protective role of muscones on astrocytes under a mechanical-chemical damage model. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:927. [PMID: 36172099 PMCID: PMC9511184 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major clinical concern and a life-changing neurological condition with substantial socioeconomic implications. The initial mechanical force applied to the spinal cord at the time of injury is known as the primary injury. After the primary injury, ischemia and hypoxia induce cell death and autolysis, which are associated with the release of a group of inflammatory factors and biologically active substances, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). These processes are called the secondary injury, and may lead to an excess of extracellular glutamate (Glu), which in turn promotes the neuronal injuries. Muscone has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of brain diseases and other diseases. However, to date, no study has examined the effects of muscone in the treatment of SCI. Methods Astrocytes were separated and purified by the method of short-term exposure combining with differential sticking wall. Astrocyte was identified by glial fibers acidic protein (GFAP) selecting cell immunochemical staining. A mechanical-chemical damage (MCD) model was established via the primary spinal astrocytes of rats, and treatment was administered with different concentrations of muscone. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) was detected at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. SOD, MDA, LDH, TNF-alpha and intracellular calcium was detected at 3, 6 and 12 h. Glu in supernatant was detected respectively at 3, 6 and 12 h by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Intracellular calcium was detected respectively at 3, 6 and 12 h by flow cytometry method. MRNA expression of excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) and GFAP were detected by the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method and protein expression of those by western blot at 6 h. Results Muscone reduced the levels of LDH, TNF-α, and MDA after injury, and upregulated the level of SOD. Muscone also reduced the density of extracellular Glu and suppressed the intracellular calcium level. Additionally, it decreased the expression levels of EAATs and GFAPs. Conclusions Muscone has a protective effect on astrocytes in a MCD and inhibits astrocytes’ proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Gui
- Department of Orthopedics, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan-Meng Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang D, Wang S, Liu W, Li M, Zheng Q, Li D. Hydroxysafflor yellow B induces apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in human gastric cancer cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:rgac044. [PMID: 35942897 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hydroxysafflor yellow B (HSYB) is extracted from the petals of the safflower, a Chinese medicine. Relevant research results have demonstrated that HSYA can suppress the abnormal tumour cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. However, the properties of HSYB have rarely been reported, especially its antitumour effects on gastric cancer (GC). METHODS SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells were treated with different concentrations of HSYB. Cell proliferation inhibition rate was detected by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony formation detection. The changes in morphology of cells was observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI (fluoresceinisothiocyanate/propidium iodide) double staining. JC-1 was used to detect the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The protein levels of cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, APAF-1, cytoplasmic cytochrome C, BAX and BCL-2 were examined by western blot. KEY FINDINGS HSYB significantly suppressed the proliferation of SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells. Hoechst 33258 staining assay showed that HSYB treatment triggered apoptotic morphology and the apoptotic rates were significantly increased after being treated with HSYB and the mitochondrial membrane potential was gradually decreased in human GC cells. In addition, Western blot analysis revealed that the levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-caspase-9 were remarkably increased in HSYB-treated BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells. And, the levels of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (APAF-1) and cytoplasmic cytochrome C were remarkably up-regulated in HSYB-treated cells. At the same time, HSYB could up-regulate the level of BAX and down-regulate the level of BCL-2. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that HSYB could induce GC cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Minjing Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Defang Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kong C, Xu D, Wang Y, Wang B, Wen J, Wang X, Zhan L, Sun Z, Jia X, Li M, Tang S, Hou D. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in multiple-frequency bands in patients with intracranial tuberculosis: a prospective cross-sectional study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:4120-4134. [PMID: 35919063 PMCID: PMC9338357 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is widely used to study brain functional alteration, but there have been no reports of research regarding the application of rs-fMRI in intracranial tuberculosis. The purpose of this prospective, cross-sectional study was to investigate spontaneous neural activity at different frequency bands in patients with intracranial tuberculosis using rs-fMRI with amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF) methods. Methods The rs-fMRI data of 31 patients with intracranial tuberculosis and 30 gender-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. The ALFF and fALFF values in the conventional frequency band (0.01-0.08 Hz) and 2 sub-frequency bands (slow-4: 0.027-0.073 Hz; slow-5: 0.01-0.027 Hz) were calculated and compared between the groups. The resultant T-maps were corrected using the Gaussian random field (GRF) theory (voxel P<0.01, cluster P<0.05). Correlations between the ALFF and fALFF values and neurocognitive scores were assessed. Results Compared with the HCs, patients with intracranial tuberculosis showed decreased ALFF in the right paracentral lobule (T=-4.69) in the conventional frequency band, in the right supplementary motor area (T=-4.85) in the slow-4 band, and in the left supplementary motor area (T=-3.76) in the slow-5 band. Compared to the slow-5 band, the voxels with decreased ALFF were spatially more extensive in the slow-4 band. Compared with HCs, patients with intracranial tuberculosis showed decreased fALFF in the opercular parts of the right inferior frontal gyrus (T=-4.50) and the left inferior parietal lobe (T=-4.86) and increased fALFF in the left inferior cerebellum (T=5.84) in the conventional frequency band. In the slow-4 band, fALFF decreased in the opercular parts of the right inferior frontal gyrus (T=-5.29) and right precuneus (T=-4.34). In the slow-5 band, fALFF decreased in the left middle occipital gyrus (T=-4.65) and right middle frontal gyrus (T=-5.05). Conclusions Patients with intracranial tuberculosis showed abnormal intrinsic brain activity at different frequency bands, and ALFF abnormalities in different brain regions could be better detected in the slow-4 band. This preliminary study might provide new insights into understanding the pathophysiological mechanism in intracranial tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Kong
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichuan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjie Wen
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xinguang Wang
- School of Information Science and Electronic Technology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Linlin Zhan
- Faculty of Western Languages, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaogang Sun
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xize Jia
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Mengting Li
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Shenjie Tang
- Tuberculosis Clinical Medical Center, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dailun Hou
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang W, He F, Ding G, Wu J. Topotecan Reduces Neuron Death after Spinal Cord Injury by Suppressing Caspase-1-Dependent Pyroptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6033-6048. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
19
|
Circular RNA Hecw1 Regulates the Inflammatory Imbalance in Spinal Cord Injury via miR-3551-3p/LRRTM1 Axis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5151-5166. [PMID: 35699802 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurological disease having devastating effect and results in the development of systemic inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms of SCI remain not entirely elucidated. This study was directed toward exploring the circ Hecw1 involved in the mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammation damage in neuronal cells. The in vitro model of SCI based on PC12 cells were established with lipopolysaccharide. The cell proliferation was determined by the use of cell counting kit-8 (CCK8). The expressions of circHecw1, miR-3551-3p, and inflammatory factors were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis. Western blot analysis was performed for the purpose of determining LRRTM1 and NF-kB signaling. The expression of circ Hecw1, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in LPS-triggered PC12 cells and the expression of miR-3551-3p and IL-10 were significantly decreased. Knockdown of circHecw1 promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis and reduction in the inflammatory cytokine expression. Our study revealed that circHecw1 regulates SCI neuronal cell inflammation imbalance by regulating the miR-3551-3p/LRRTM1 signaling.
Collapse
|
20
|
Feng Z, Zhou P, Wu X, Zhang J, Zhang M. Hydroxysafflor yellow A protects against ulcerative colitis via suppressing TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 99:897-907. [PMID: 35319164 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxysafflower yellow A (HSYA) protects against acute kidney injury through TLR4/NF-κB pathway. However, the effect and potential mechanism of HSYA in ulcerative colitis (UC) have been rarely reported, which is thus investigated in this research. An in vivo UC model was established by oral administration of 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in Sprague-Dawley rats. After HSYA treatment, the daily body weight and colon length of rats were measured. Then rat colon tissues, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines were examined by histopathological examination (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. The activated TLR4/NF-κB pathway was detected by Western blot. RAW 264.7 cell viability was detected by MTT assay after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, and ELISA and Western blot were performed again to investigate the effects of HSYA on LPS-treated cells. DSS administration increased body weight and colon length of rats and induced colon tissue injury. DSS or LPS treatment up-regulated the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and activated TLR4/NF-κB pathway of colon tissues and cells, respectively. HSYA partially reversed the above effect of DSS and LPS treatment, and the effects of the drug were improved with the dosage. Taken together, HSYA alleviates UC by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, which may provide a new insight for the treatment of UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Feng
- Department of Anorectal, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese Western Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Anorectal, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese Western Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Anorectal, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese Western Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Junbiao Zhang
- Department of Anorectal, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese Western Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Anorectal, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese Western Medicine, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lin MW, Fang SY, Hsu JYC, Huang CY, Lee PH, Huang CC, Chen HF, Lam CF, Lee JS. Mitochondrial Transplantation Attenuates Neural Damage and Improves Locomotor Function After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:800883. [PMID: 35495036 PMCID: PMC9039257 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.800883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of secondary neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal death in spinal cord injury (SCI). Even though mitochondria-based therapy is an attractive therapeutic option for SCI, the efficacy of transplantation of allogeneic mitochondria in the treatment of SCI remains unclear. Herein, we determined the therapeutic effects of mitochondrial transplantation in the traumatic SCI rats. Compressive SCI was induced by applying an aneurysm clip on the T10 spinal cord of rats. A 100-μg bolus of soleus-derived allogeneic mitochondria labeled with fluorescent tracker was transplanted into the injured spinal cords. The results showed that the transplanted mitochondria were detectable in the injured spinal cord up to 28 days after treatment. The rats which received mitochondrial transplantation exhibited better recovery of locomotor and sensory functions than those who did not. Both the expression of dynamin-related protein 1 and severity of demyelination in the injured cord were reduced in the mitochondrial transplanted groups. Mitochondrial transplantation also alleviated SCI-induced cellular apoptosis and inflammation responses. These findings suggest that transplantation of allogeneic mitochondria at the early stage of SCI reduces mitochondrial fragmentation, neuroapoptosis, neuroinflammation, and generation of oxidative stress, thus leading to improved functional recovery following traumatic SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yuan Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Yu C. Hsu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Huang
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Lee
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Huang
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fang Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fuh Lam
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, E-Da Hospital, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Shun Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Jung-Shun Lee,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Blocks HIF-1α Induction of NOX2 and Protects ZO-1 Protein in Cerebral Microvascular Endothelium. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040728. [PMID: 35453413 PMCID: PMC9025668 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) is a tight junction protein in the cerebrovascular endothelium, responsible for blood–brain barrier function. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is a major ingredient of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with antioxidative activity. This study investigated whether HSYA protected ZO-1 by targeting ROS-generating NADPH oxidases (NOXs). HSYA administration reduced cerebral vascular leakage with ZO-1 protection in mice after photothrombotic stroke, largely due to suppression of ROS-associated inflammation. In LPS-stimulated brain microvascular endothelial cells, HSYA increased the ratio of NAD+/NADH to restore Sirt1 induction, which bound to Von Hippel–Lindau to promote HIF-1αdegradation. NOX2 was the predominant isoform of NOXs in endothelial cells and HIF-1α transcriptionally upregulated p47phox and Nox2 subunits for the assembly of the NOX2 complex, but the signaling cascades were blocked by HSYA via HIF-1α inactivation. When oxidate stress impaired ZO-1 protein, HSYA attenuated carbonyl modification and prevented ZO-1 protein from 20S proteasomal degradation, eventually protecting endothelial integrity. In microvascular ZO-1 deficient mice, we further confirmed that HSYA protected cerebrovascular integrity and attenuated ischemic injury in a manner that was dependent on ZO-1 protection. HSYA blocked HIF-1α/NOX2 signaling cascades to protect ZO-1 stability, suggestive of a potential therapeutic strategy against ischemic brain injury.
Collapse
|
23
|
Sun Z, Wang Y, Xu R, Zhang S, Yang H, Song J, Chang T. Hydroxysafflor yellow A improved retinopathy via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in rats. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:284-292. [PMID: 35434371 PMCID: PMC8958191 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of hydroxysaff yellow A (HSYA) on diabetic retinopathy (DR). For this, a total of 27 rats were randomly divided into normal control, model, and HSYA groups. The body weight, blood glucose, and blood–retinal barrier damage of the rats were observed and compared. The pathological change of retinal tissue were measured using H&E staining. The apoptosis of retinal tissue ganglion cells was detected by TUNEL. The interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis fator (TNF)-α levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected using thiobarbituric acid method. Superoxide dismutase levels were detected using xanthine oxidase method; Nrf2 and total HO-1 protein expressions were detected using western blot assay; Bcl-2 and P53 protein expression was measured using immunohistochemical staining. The body weight and retinal damage of the HYSA group were significantly improved (p < 0.01, respectively). The apoptosis index of the HYSA group was lower than the model group (p < 0.001). The IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA levels of the HYSA group were significantly improved in comparison with those of the model group (p < 0.01, respectively). The Nrf-2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and P53 protein expression of HYSA group was significantly improved (p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, HYSA can effectively alleviate the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in type 2 diabetic rats and improve the progression of DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Central Hospital , Guangren Street , Chengde City , Hebei Province 067000 , China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Central Hospital , Guangren Street , Chengde City , Hebei Province 067000 , China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Central Hospital , Guangren Street , Chengde City , Hebei Province 067000 , China
| | - Shitong Zhang
- Department of Digestology, Chengde Central Hospital , Guangren Street , Chengde City , Hebei Province 067000 , China
| | - Hongtao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Central Hospital , Guangren Street , Chengde City , Hebei Province 067000 , China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Department of Hematology, Chengde Central Hospital , Guangren Street , Chengde City , Hebei Province 067000 , China
| | - Tao Chang
- Department of Osteology, Chengde Central Hospital , Guangren Street , Chengde City , Hebei Province 067000 , China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
CHEN C, WEN D, DU J, XIAO H, ZHONG S, WU Z, PENG J, LIU D, TANG H. Activation of SIRT1 signaling pathway by clove improves cognitive dysfunction in septic mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.82622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan DU
- Army Medical University, China
| | | | | | | | - Ji PENG
- Army Medical University, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Development of a New Formulation Based on In Situ Photopolymerized Polymer for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244274. [PMID: 34960825 PMCID: PMC8705720 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) promotes a cascade of inflammatory events that are responsible for neuronal death and glial scar formation at the site of the injury, hindering tissue neuroregeneration. Among the main approaches for the treatment of SCI, the use of biomaterials, especially gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), has been proposed because it is biocompatible, has excellent mechanical properties, favoring cell adhesion and proliferation. In addition, it can act as a carrier of anti-inflammatory drugs, preventing the formation of glial scars. The present work presents the development and in situ application of a light-curing formulation based on GelMA containing a natural extract rich in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective substances (hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis—HERP) in an experimental model of SCI in rats. The formulations were prepared and characterized by time of UV exposition, FTIR, swelling and degradation. The hydrogels containing 1 mg/mL of HERP were obtained by the exposure to UV radiation of 2 μL of the formulation for 60 s. The locomotor evaluation of the animals was performed by the scale (BBB) and demonstrated that after 3 and 7 days of the injury, the GelMA-HERP group (BBB = 5 and 7) presented greater recovery compared to the GelMA group (BBB = 4 and 5). Regarding the inflammatory process, using histomorphological techniques, there was an inflammation reduction in the groups treated with GelMA and GelMA-HERP, with decreases of cavitation in the injury site. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the use of GelMA and GelMA-HERP hydrogel formulations is a promising strategy for the treatment of SCI when applied in situ, as soon as possible after the injury, improving the clinical and inflammatory conditions of the treated animals.
Collapse
|
26
|
Hellenbrand DJ, Quinn CM, Piper ZJ, Morehouse CN, Fixel JA, Hanna AS. Inflammation after spinal cord injury: a review of the critical timeline of signaling cues and cellular infiltration. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:284. [PMID: 34876174 PMCID: PMC8653609 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological condition that results in a loss of motor and sensory function. Although extensive research to develop treatments for SCI has been performed, to date, none of these treatments have produced a meaningful amount of functional recovery after injury. The primary injury is caused by the initial trauma to the spinal cord and results in ischemia, oxidative damage, edema, and glutamate excitotoxicity. This process initiates a secondary injury cascade, which starts just a few hours post-injury and may continue for more than 6 months, leading to additional cell death and spinal cord damage. Inflammation after SCI is complex and driven by a diverse set of cells and signaling molecules. In this review, we utilize an extensive literature survey to develop the timeline of local immune cell and cytokine behavior after SCI in rodent models. We discuss the precise functional roles of several key cytokines and their effects on a variety of cell types involved in the secondary injury cascade. Furthermore, variations in the inflammatory response between rats and mice are highlighted. Since current SCI treatment options do not successfully initiate functional recovery or axonal regeneration, identifying the specific mechanisms attributed to secondary injury is critical. With a more thorough understanding of the complex SCI pathophysiology, effective therapeutic targets with realistic timelines for intervention may be established to successfully attenuate secondary damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hellenbrand
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health (UWSMPH), University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Charles M Quinn
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health (UWSMPH), University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Zachariah J Piper
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health (UWSMPH), University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Carolyn N Morehouse
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health (UWSMPH), University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Jordyn A Fixel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health (UWSMPH), University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Amgad S Hanna
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health (UWSMPH), University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Luo D, Li X, Hou Y, Hou Y, Luan J, Weng J, Zhan J, Lin D. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate promotes spinal cord injury repair by inhibiting blood spinal cord barrier disruption in vitro and in vivo. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:669-679. [PMID: 34842291 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to microvascular damage and the destruction of the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB), which can progress into secondary injuries, such as apoptosis and necrosis of neurons and glia, culminating in permanent neurological deficits. BSCB restoration is the primary goal of SCI therapy, although very few drugs can repair damaged barrier structure and permeability. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) is commonly used to treat cardiovascular disease. However, the therapeutic effects of STS on damaged BSCB during the early stage of SCI remain uncertain. Therefore, we exposed spinal cord microvascular endothelial cells to H2 O2 and treated them with different doses of STS. In addition to protecting the cells from H2 O2 -induced apoptosis, STS also reduced cellular permeability. In the in vivo model of SCI, STS reduced BSCB permeability, relieved tissue edema and hemorrhage, suppressed MMP activation and prevented the loss of tight junction and adherens junction proteins. Our findings indicate that STS treatment promotes SCI recovery, and should be investigated further as a drug candidate against traumatic SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Hou
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyao Luan
- Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Second College of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxian Weng
- Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiheng Zhan
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingkun Lin
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yunnan Black Tea Flavonoids Can Improve Cognitive Dysfunction in Septic Mice by Activating SIRT1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5775040. [PMID: 34721636 PMCID: PMC8556089 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5775040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the effect and mechanism of Yunnan black tea flavonoids (YBTF) on cognitive dysfunction in septic mice. The mice were induced sepsis, the serum was determined using kits, and the tissue was determined by qPCR assay. The Yunnan black tea flavonoids were checked using HPLC. The test results showed that compared with the model group, YBTF could increase the survival rate of the mice; meanwhile, YBTF could also increase the total distance travelled, number of stands, and number of groomings, as well as the number of times crossing the area in the target quadrant. Detection of nerve cells showed that YBTF could reduce the rate of nerve cell apoptosis caused by sepsis. YBTF also reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus of septic mice and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. YBTF could also upregulate the mRNA expression of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) and downregulate the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), p53, and SIRT1 in the hippocampus of septic mice. The animal experiment results showed that YBTF could improve the cognitive dysfunction of septic mice. The effect of YBTF was weaker than that of dexamethasone, but it could enhance the improvement effect when used in conjunction with dexamethasone. The component analysis results showed that YBTF contained 9 compounds, including catechin, gallocatechin gallate, rutin, hyperoside, epicatechin gallate, dihydroquercetin, quercetin, myricetin, and sulphuretin. From these results, YBTF could activate SIRT1 through its active compound components to improve the cognitive dysfunction of septic mice.
Collapse
|
29
|
Masoudi A, Jorjani M, Alizadeh M, Mirzamohammadi S, Mohammadi M. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of astaxanthin following spinal cord injury in a rat animal model. Brain Res Bull 2021; 177:324-331. [PMID: 34688832 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severely debilitating problem leading to substantial decrease in the quality of life. After spinal cord injury, inflammation and oxidative stress plays a key role in initiating the secondary injury cascades leading to progressive tissue degradation and extreme functional deficits. Given that the primary mechanical injuries to spinal cord are rarely repaired, the pharmacological interventions may improve the neurological outcomes caused by secondary injury. Astaxanthin (AST) is considered as a xanthophyll carotenoid with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which has various pharmacological activities. In the present study, we aimed to firstly assess the protective effect of AST, and then to define the AST mechanism of action on a rat model of SCI. Based on the results of von Frey test, AST treatment significantly alleviated the SCI-induced neuropathic pain compared with the control groups (P < 0.05). The expression analysis by western blot shows reduced expression levels of COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 following AST treatment (P < 0.05). The activity of antioxidant enzymes was evaluated using ELISA. Therefore, ELISA experiments showed a significant reduction in the level of oxidative stress in SCI rat following AST treatment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, histopathological evaluations revealed that myelinated white matter and motor neuron number were significantly preserved after treatment with AST (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our study shows that AST could improve SCI through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects which leads to decreased tissue damage and mechanical pain after SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Masoudi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Jorjani
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Solmaz Mirzamohammadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mola Mohammadi
- Physiology Departmen, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li DW, Wang XT, Mu BC, Dou DQ, Kang TG. Effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on rats with collagen-induced arthritis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 570:26-34. [PMID: 34271433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) possesses several medicinal properties. However, it is unknown whether HSYA is effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Hence, we investigated the effects of HSYA on the inflammation and synovial damage in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) by subjecting them to treatment with different doses of HSYA. Our results revealed that HSYA could significantly reduce paw swelling, pathological manifestations, and serum cytokine levels in rats with CIA. The HSYA-treated groups showed increased antioxidant enzyme activity in the serum and decreased expression of inflammatory mediators in the synovial tissues. Furthermore, HSYA treatment inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathway activation. Notably, the highest dose of HSYA (20 mg/kg) exhibited the best effects against RA symptoms. Therefore, our findings suggest that HSYA alleviates the inflammatory response and synovial damage in rats with CIA by inhibiting the ERK signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 77 Life 1 Road, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 72 Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, 110032, Liaoning, China
| | - Bai-Chen Mu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 72 Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, 110032, Liaoning, China
| | - De-Qiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 77 Life 1 Road, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China.
| | - Ting-Guo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 77 Life 1 Road, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen KB, Chang MM, Wang SL, Li YX, Wang YX, Xu ZG, Wang H, Zhao BC, Ma WY. High mobility group box-1 serves a pathogenic role in spinal cord injury via the promotion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:1131-1142. [PMID: 34402106 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0721-007r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition marked by permanent motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction, in which the inflammatory response serves an important and preventable role. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a potent regulator of inflammation in numerous acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.; however, the role of HMGB1 in SCI remains unclear. The present study aimed to characterize the temporal dynamics of HMGB1 release after SCI, to investigate the role of spinal microglia activation in mediating the effects of HMGB1 on SCI, and to explore the therapeutic potential of intrathecal anti-HMGB1 polyclonal antibody on alleviating SCI. The present study demonstrated that HMGB1 expression was increased immediately after traumatic injury of a primary spinal neuron culture. It was found that neutralizing HMGB1 significantly ameliorated SCI pathogenesis and hind limb paralysis. Moreover, the levels of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the SCI lesion were reduced when local HMGB1 was blocked by anti-HMGB1 antibody. In addition, the injured neuron-derived conditioned medium increased TNF-α secretion and the NF-κB pathway in the BV2 microglia cell line via HMGB1. Collectively, these results indicated that HMGB1 served an important role in SCI inflammation and suggested the therapeutic potential of an anti-HMGB1 antibody for SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Bing Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Min-Min Chang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Li Wang
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, P.R. China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Xin Li
- Vascular Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Xi Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Guang Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Cheng Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ying Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xu J, Zhan T, Zheng W, Huang YK, Chen K, Zhang XH, Ren P, Huang X. Hydroxysafflor yellow A acutely attenuates blood-brain barrier permeability, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in traumatic brain injury in rats1. Acta Cir Bras 2021; 35:e351202. [PMID: 33503215 PMCID: PMC7819693 DOI: 10.1590/acb351202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic benefits of Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on
blood-brain barrier (BBB) vulnerability after traumatic brain injury (TBI)
and identify its potential action of mechanisms on TBIinduced injuries. Methods: The rat TBI model was performed by using a controlled cortical impact device.
The BBB permeability induced by TBI was measured through Evans Blue dye
superflux and western blotting or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for tight
junctional proteins (TJPs). The post-TBI changes in oxidative stress
markers, inflammatory response and neuron apoptosis in brain tissue were
also tested. Results: Herein, the results showed that HSYA acutely attenuated BBB permeability via
increasing the production of the TJPs, including occludin, claudin-1 and
zonula occludens protein 24 h after TBI. Additionally, HSYA could suppress
the secretion of proinflammatory factors, such as interleukin-1β,
interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), and
also concurrently down-regulate the expression of inflammation-related
Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B (TLR4/NF-kB) protein. These HSYA
challenged changes were accompanied by the decreased TBI induced oxidative
stress markers and inhibited the expression of apoptosis proteins Bax,
caspase-3 and caspase-9. Conclusions: Taken together, all findings suggested that HSYA (30 mg/kg) are against TBI
through improving the integrity in BBB, which are associated with the
antioxidant, anti-inflammation and antiapoptosis via the probable mechanism
of down-regulation of the TLR4/NF-kB pathway, and its in-detail protective
mechanisms are under study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Xu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Tian Zhan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Wan Zheng
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yun-Ke Huang
- Women’s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ken Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | | | - Ping Ren
- Affiliated hospital Nanjing University of Chinses Medicine, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang X, Li Y, Chen L, Xu M, Wu J, Zhang P, Nel D, Sun B. Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on dopaminergic neurons against 6-hydroxydopamine, activating anti-apoptotic and anti-neuroinflammatory pathways. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:686-694. [PMID: 32658590 PMCID: PMC7470140 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1784237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in cerebral infarction. However, its underlying roles in apoptosis and inflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD) are unknown. OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the effects and underlying mechanisms of HSYA on dopaminergic (DA) neurodegeneration, inflammation, and apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The PD model was established by 2 μL of 6-hyroxydopamine (6-OHDA) (3 μg/μL) striatal injection in C57BL/6J mice with different doses of HSYA (2, 4, or 8 mg/kg). In vitro, after being treated with HSYA for 1 h, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 6-OHDA for 24 h before analysis. Expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in substantia nigra (SN) and corpus striatum (STR) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot. In addition, apoptosis-related and inflammatory proteins were examined by western blot. RESULTS Administration of HSYA significantly reduced the Apomorphine (APO)-induced rotation, decreased from 122.5 ± 15.1 (6-OHDA group) to 47.2 ± 14.3 (8 mg/kg HSYA group). HSYA partially restored a deficit in the SN and STR of PD mice brains in TH. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that HSYA reduced inflammatory proteins, including iNOS, COX-2 and NF-κB and attenuated the elevation of DA neuronal apoptosis observed in PD. In vitro assays showed that HSYA reduced the levels of p-p38 and p-JNK and increased that of p-ERK in 6-OHDA-leisoned SH-SY5Y cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that HSYA protects against 6-OHDA induced DA neurodegeneration partly by regulating the MAPK inflammatory signalling pathway and apoptosis which highlight its therapeutic potential in the treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dezhou People’s Hospital, Dezhou, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Mingguo Xu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Deon Nel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Baozhu Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yuan F, Wang P, Yang Y, Shi P, Cheng L. Quercetin-albumin nano-complex as an antioxidant agent against hydrogen peroxide-induced death of spinal cord neurons as a model of preventive care study. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
35
|
Zhang Y, Zuo C, Han L, Liu X, Chen W, Wang J, Gui S, Peng C, Peng D. Uterine Metabolomics Reveals Protection of Taohong Siwu Decoction Against Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:507113. [PMID: 33041788 PMCID: PMC7518030 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.507113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Incomplete abortion, a procedure for terminating pregnancy, will lead to abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), infections, and even death. Taohong Siwu decoction (TSD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, which has been developed to treat AUB for hundreds of years. However, the mechanism of the protective effect of TSD against AUB is not clear. We performed mass spectrometry (MS) of uterine samples to observe metabolic profile resulting from the treatment with TSD. An integrated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomics approach combined with multivariate statistical analyses were used to investigate the metabolic profile of TSD against AUB. There was clear separation between pregnant and incomplete aborting rats as well as incomplete aborting and TSD administered rats. Based on random forest algorithm and receiver operator characteristic analysis, 12 biomarkers were optimized related to TSD administered. The effect of TSD on AUB are related to several pathways, such as AA metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. To our knowledge, this is the first uterine metabolomics study focusing on TSD on AUB and provide a new perspective for explaining the mechanism of TSD on AUB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chijing Zuo
- AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lan Han
- AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaochuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Education Office of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Jichen Wang
- AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Education Office of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Can Peng
- AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Education Office of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Education Office of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fan H, Tang HB, Chen Z, Wang HQ, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Li T, Yang CF, Wang XY, Li X, Wu SX, Zhang GL. Inhibiting HMGB1-RAGE axis prevents pro-inflammatory macrophages/microglia polarization and affords neuroprotection after spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:295. [PMID: 33036632 PMCID: PMC7547440 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) favors a persistent pro-inflammatory macrophages/microglia-mediated response with only a transient appearance of anti-inflammatory phenotype of immune cells. However, the mechanisms controlling this special sterile inflammation after SCI are still not fully elucidated. It is known that damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released from necrotic cells after injury can trigger severe inflammation. High mobility group box 1(HMGB1), a ubiquitously expressed DNA binding protein, is an identified DAMP, and our previous study demonstrated that reactive astrocytes could undergo necroptosis and release HMGB1 after SCI in mice. The present study aimed to explore the effects and the possible mechanism of HMGB1on macrophages/microglia polarization, as well as the neuroprotective effects by HMGB1 inhibition after SCI. Methods In this study, the expression and the concentration of HMGB1 was determined by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry. Glycyrrhizin was applied to inhibit HMGB1, while FPS-ZM1 to suppress receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). The polarization of macrophages/microglia in vitro and in vivo was detected by qRT-PCR, immunostaining, and western blot. The lesion area was detected by GFAP staining, while neuronal survival was examined by Nissl staining. Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining, DAB staining, and western blot were adopted to evaluate the myelin loss. Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scoring and rump-height Index (RHI) assay was applied to evaluate locomotor functional recovery. Results Our data showed that HMGB1 can be elevated and released from necroptotic astrocytes and HMGB1 could induce pro-inflammatory microglia through the RAGE-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. We further demonstrated that inhibiting HMGB1 or RAGE effectively decreased the numbers of detrimental pro-inflammatory macrophages/microglia while increased anti-inflammatory cells after SCI. Furthermore, our data showed that inhibiting HMGB1 or RAGE significantly decreased neuronal loss and demyelination, and improved functional recovery after SCI. Conclusions The data implicated that HMGB1-RAGE axis contributed to the dominant pro-inflammatory macrophages/microglia-mediated pro-inflammatory response, and inhibiting this pathway afforded neuroprotection for SCI. Thus, therapies designed to modulate immune microenvironment based on this cascade might be a prospective treatment for SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Bin Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 161 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hu-Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cai-Feng Yang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Wu
- Institute of Neurosciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Gui-Lian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sodium Tanshinone IIA Silate Exerts Microcirculation Protective Effects against Spinal Cord Injury In Vitro and In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3949575. [PMID: 33101588 PMCID: PMC7568160 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3949575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord microcirculation involves functioning endothelial cells at the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and maintains normal functioning of spinal cord neurons, axons, and glial cells. Protection of both the function and integrity of endothelial cells as well as the prevention of BSCB disruption may be a strong strategy for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) cases. Sodium Tanshinone IIA silate (STS) is used for the treatment of coronary heart disease and improves microcirculation. Whether STS exhibits protective effects for SCI microcirculation is not yet clear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effects of STS on oxygen-glucose deprivation- (OGD-) induced injury of spinal cord endothelial cells (SCMECs) in vitro and to explore effects on BSCB and neurovascular protection in vivo. SCMECs were treated with various concentrations of STS (1 μM, 3 μM, and 10 μM) for 24 h with or without OGD-induction. Cell viability, tube formation, migration, and expression of Notch signaling pathway components were evaluated. Histopathological evaluation (H&E), Nissl staining, BSCB permeability, and the expression levels of von Willebrand Factor (vWF), CD31, NeuN, and Notch signaling pathway components were analyzed. STS was found to improve SCMEC functions and reduce inflammatory mediators after OGD. STS also relieved histopathological damage, increased zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), inhibited BSCB permeability, rescued microvessels, protected motor neuromas, and improved functional recovery in a SCI model. Moreover, we uncovered that the Notch signaling pathway plays an important role during these processes. These results indicated that STS protects microcirculation in SCI, which may be used as a therapeutic strategy for SCI in the future.
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang C, Shao Z, Chen Z, Lin C, Hu S, Lou Z, Li J, Zheng X, Lin N, Gao W. Hydroxysafflor yellow A promotes multiterritory perforating flap survival: an experimental study. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:4781-4794. [PMID: 32913550 PMCID: PMC7476167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of perforator flaps is a common surgical technique in wound repair. However, the area surrounding the multiterritory perforating flap often becomes necrotic due to ischemia. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a traditional Chinese medicine extracted from edible safflower, can be used medicinally to promote angiogenesis, inhibit apoptosis, and alleviate oxidative stress and other biological activities. Here, we investigated the effect of HSYA on perforator flap survival and its potential mechanism. Our results demonstrate that HSYA significantly improves the survival area of perforator flaps, increases blood supply, reduces tissue edema, and increases mean vascular density. HSYA treatment promotes angiogenesis and inhibits oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy in perforator flaps, suggesting many potential mechanisms for flap survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxuan Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Zhentai Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Sunli Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Lou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Xuanqi Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Nan Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Weiyang Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OrthopaedicsWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tan L, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Wang R, Zu J, Tan R. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Together with Blood-Brain Barrier Regulator Lexiscan for Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Treatment. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:19151-19164. [PMID: 32775917 PMCID: PMC7408215 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacodynamic and biodistribution effects are two important factors in drug research. As a clinical drug, the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) have been widely reported but have still not been described in enough detail. In this study, we first aimed to improve the pharmacology of HSYA in nerve injury treatments. The down-regulative expression of cytokines, including NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β, IL-18, LDH, NF-κB, and p-p56, suggested that HSYA could both suppress pyroptosis and apoptosis pathway activation during the nerve injury. Additionally, HSYA improved the cellular viability in an oxidative stress damage cell model. Second, to further improve the therapeutic effect of the HSYA, we tried to enhance the concentration of HSYA in a lesion. The FDA-approved adenosine receptor agonist Lexiscan (Lex) could inhibit the expression of P-glycoprotein on the endothelial cell surface to transiently increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) without any sustained damage, which was used to assist HSYA in passing through the BBB to increase the accumulation in the brain. Furthermore, living image and distribution detection in vivo showed that the accumulation of HSYA in the brain could be significantly increased with the addition of Lex. Lastly, HSYA together with Lex (Lex-HSYA) could significantly reduce the volume of cerebral infarction, improve the histopathological morphology, and recruit brain-derived neurotrophic factors to alleviate the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. In conclusion, the pyroptosis pathway could act as a novel therapeutic target of HSYA in nerve injury treatment, and Lex-HSYA could be a promising candidate for nerve injury treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Tan
- College
of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest
Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yeye Wang
- College
of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- College
of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Rong Wang
- College
of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jingzhi Zu
- College
of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Rui Tan
- College
of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest
Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- or . Phone/Fax: +86-28-87634667
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Protein Degradome of Spinal Cord Injury: Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2702-2726. [PMID: 32328876 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Degradomics is a proteomics sub-discipline whose goal is to identify and characterize protease-substrate repertoires. With the aim of deciphering and characterizing key signature breakdown products, degradomics emerged to define encryptic biomarker neoproteins specific to certain disease processes. Remarkable improvements in structural and analytical experimental methodologies as evident in research investigating cellular behavior in neuroscience and cancer have allowed the identification of specific degradomes, increasing our knowledge about proteases and their regulators and substrates along with their implications in health and disease. A physiologic balance between protein synthesis and degradation is sought with the activation of proteolytic enzymes such as calpains, caspases, cathepsins, and matrix metalloproteinases. Proteolysis is essential for development, growth, and regeneration; however, inappropriate and uncontrolled activation of the proteolytic system renders the diseased tissue susceptible to further neurotoxic processes. In this article, we aim to review the protease-substrate repertoires as well as emerging therapeutic interventions in spinal cord injury at the degradomic level. Several protease substrates and their breakdown products, essential for the neuronal structural integrity and functional capacity, have been characterized in neurotrauma including cytoskeletal proteins, neuronal extracellular matrix glycoproteins, cell junction proteins, and ion channels. Therefore, targeting exaggerated protease activity provides a potentially effective therapeutic approach in the management of protease-mediated neurotoxicity in reducing the extent of damage secondary to spinal cord injury.
Collapse
|
41
|
Ma Z, Lu Y, Yang F, Li S, He X, Gao Y, Zhang G, Ren E, Wang Y, Kang X. Rosmarinic acid exerts a neuroprotective effect on spinal cord injury by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation via modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-κB pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 397:115014. [PMID: 32320792 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system injury for which few efficacious drugs are available. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a water-soluble polyphenolic phytochemical, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. However, the effect of RA on SCI is unclear. We investigated the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of RA on SCI. Using a rat model of SCI, we showed that RA improved locomotor recovery after SCI and significantly mitigated neurological deficit, increased neuronal preservation, and reduced apoptosis. Also, RA inhibited activation of microglia and the release of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and MDA. Moreover, proteomics analyses identified the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways as targets of RA. Pretreatment with RA increased levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 and reduced those of TLR4 and MyD88 as well as phosphorylation of IκB and subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65. Using H2O2- and LPS-induced PC12 cells, we found that RA ameliorated the H2O2-induced decrease in viability and increase in apoptosis and oxidative injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Also, LPS-induced cytotoxicity and increased apoptosis and inflammatory injury in PC-12 cells were mitigated by RA by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. The Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 weakened the effect of RA on oxidant stress, inflammation and apoptosis in SCI rats, and significantly increased the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Therefore, the neuroprotective effect on SCI of RA may be due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which are mediated by modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-κB pathways. Moreover, RA activated Nrf2/HO-1, which amplified its inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China; Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Yubao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Fengguang Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Shaoping Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Xuegang He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Yicheng Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Enhui Ren
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China; Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Xuewen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China; Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Gansu 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Meng X, Cheng W, Zhong S, Zhang P, Qin L, Wang X. Anti-inflammatory effects of Jingshu Keli capsule and its components on human synoviocyte MH7A cells. ARTHROPLASTY 2020; 2:7. [PMID: 35236422 PMCID: PMC8796523 DOI: 10.1186/s42836-020-00026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jingshu Keli (JSKL), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula consisting of multiple active compounds, has been officially approved by National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) for treatment of cervical radiculopathy. It relieves pain, according to TCM theory, by activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. The pain mainly stems from neurogenic inflammation caused by mechanical compression of the cervical nerve root. In addition, inflammation mediators also cause the development of other joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of JSKL and identify the biologically active herbs and compounds in vitro. METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was used to determine the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8), in the culture medium of human MH7A cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). RESULTS JSKL and three single-herb capsules, Cinnamomum cassia Presl (C.C.), Angelica Sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (A.S.) and Carthamus tinctorius L. (C.T.), significantly inhibited the secretion of TNF-α. If one of these three herbal components was removed, suppressing effect of the single-herb-deleted JSKL on TNF-α was abolished. Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) from C.C. was the most potent ingredient that inhibited the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the culture medium of both LPS-stimulated MH7A cells and primary synovial cells. CONCLUSIONS JSKL was found to possess anti-inflammatory effect in vitro; C.C., A.S. and C.T. were the principal and essential herbal components responsible for such activity; CIN from C.C. is one the most potent single compound among indicator components of JSKL recorded in 2015 Chinese pharmacopoeia. This study provided scientific evidence for the clinical application of JSKL as an agent for targeted treatment of cervical radiculopathy. Furthermore, CIN has potential to be used for the treatment of some inflammation-related orthopedic diseases, such as rheumatic arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Meng
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenxiang Cheng
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Xinluan Wang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China. .,Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yu L, Qian J. Dihydrotanshinone I Alleviates Spinal Cord Injury via Suppressing Inflammatory Response, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Rats. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920738. [PMID: 32112706 PMCID: PMC7063851 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious nervous system injury, causing extremely low quality of life and immensurable economic losses. However, there is few therapies that can effectively cure the injury. The goal of the present study was to explore the potential therapeutic effects of dihydrotanshinone I (DI) for SCI and the involving mechanism. Material/Methods A SCI rat model was structured to investigate the effects of DI on recovery of SCI. Tarlov’s scale was employed to assess the neuronal function and histopathological examination was carried out by hematoxylin and eosin staining. In addition, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were detected. Tunel assay and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate cell apoptosis. Furthermore, western blot assay was used to measure the protein expressions. Results The results demonstrated that the treatment of DI alleviated the pathological damage induced by SCI and promoted the neuronal functional recovery. DI suppressed TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and TOS levels while improved the TAS level. Moreover, increased cell apoptosis in SCI rats was inhibited by administration of DI. Most importantly, DI reserved the soaring of TLR4, MyD88, HMGB1, and NOX4 level after induction of SCI. Thus, the observation revealed that the HMGB1/TLR4/NOX4 pathway may be involved in the protective effects of DI on SCI. Conclusions In conclusion, the findings suggest that DI alleviates SCI by restraining secretion of inflammatory factors, and occurrence of oxidative stress and apoptosis in vivo. DI may be developed into an effective alternative therapy for SCI in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqian Yu
- Department of Orthopeadics, Dajiangdong Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jinfeng Qian
- Section IV, Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital of Marine Police Corps of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tan X, Yang Y, Xu J, Zhang P, Deng R, Mao Y, He J, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Ding J, Li H, Shen H, Li X, Dong W, Chen G. Luteolin Exerts Neuroprotection via Modulation of the p62/Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1551. [PMID: 32038239 PMCID: PMC6985769 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of neuronal oxidative stress is involved in the progression of secondary brain injury (SBI) following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In this study, we investigated the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of luteolin on ICH-induced SBI. Autologous blood and oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) were used to establish in vivo and in vitro models of ICH, respectively. Luteolin treatment effectively alleviated brain edema and ameliorated neurobehavioral dysfunction and memory loss in vivo. Also, in vivo, we found that luteolin promoted the activation of the sequestosome 1 (p62)/kelch‐like enoyl-coenzyme A hydratase (ECH)‐associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway by enhancing autophagy and increasing the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus. Meanwhile, luteolin inhibited the ubiquitination of Nrf2 and increased the expression levels of downstream antioxidant proteins, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH): quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). This effect of luteolin was also confirmed in vitro, which was reversed by the autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine (CQ). Additionally, we found that luteolin inhibited the production of neuronal mitochondrial superoxides (MitoSOX) and alleviated neuronal mitochondrial injury in vitro, as indicated via tetrachloro-tetraethylbenzimidazol carbocyanine-iodide (JC-1) staining and MitoSOX staining. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that luteolin enhances autophagy and anti-oxidative processes in both in vivo and in vitro models of ICH, and that activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, is involved in such luteolin-induced neuroprotection. Hence, luteolin may represent a promising candidate for the treatment of ICH-induced SBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruming Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiguang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yibin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiasheng Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wanli Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wang N, He D, Zhou Y, Wen J, Liu X, Li P, Yang Y, Cheng J. Hydroxysafflor yellow A actives BK Ca channels and inhibits L-type Ca channels to induce vascular relaxation. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 870:172873. [PMID: 31866408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxy-safflor yellow A (HSYA) can exert a variety of effects upon the vascular system. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. The present study is to investigate its vasodilating effect and the mechanisms. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were enrolled for studying effects of HSYA on blood pressure, vasodilation, intracellular Ca2+ transient and membrane ion channels. Vasodilation and intracellular Ca2+ transient were measured by using vasomotor assay and fluorescence imaging system, respectively. The effect of HSYA on the large conductance Ca2+ activated and voltage-gated potassium channel (BKCa channel) currents in rat mesentery artery and on L-type calcium channel (Ca-L) currents in HEK293cells expressed with Ca-L were investigated using patch clamp techniques. Blood pressure of SHR and WKY rats were concentration dependently reduced by HSYA with a larger effect of HSYA in SHR than that in WKY rats. The tension of mesenteric arteries induced by 3 μM phenylephrine was attenuated by HSYA (IC50 = 90.8 μΜ). Patch clamp study showed that HSYA could activate BKCa channels and suppress Ca-L channels in a concentration dependent manner. The results of calcium signaling assays indicated that HSYA could reduce the intracellular free Ca2+ level. These findings demonstrate that HSYA could activate BKCa channels and inhibit Ca-L channels and reduce intracellular free Ca2+ level, which are probably important for its vasodilatory effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei He
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanqun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jin Y, Yu L, Xu F, Zhou J, Xiong B, Tang Y, Li X, Liu L, Jin W. Pharmacokinetics of Active Ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius in Compatibility in Normal and Cerebral Ischemia Rats: A Comparative Study. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2019; 45:273-284. [PMID: 31828667 PMCID: PMC7089879 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-019-00597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Dan-Hong injection, which comprises extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius, promotes blood circulation and reduces blood stasis. Combination of S. miltiorrhiza and C. tinctorius is more effective in treating cerebral ischemia than S. miltiorrhiza alone. This study aimed to examine the pharmacokinetic characteristics of four active ingredients of S. miltiorrhiza and C. tinctorius, namely danshensu (DSS), hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), and salvianolic acid A (SAA) and B (SAB) in normal and cerebral ischemia rats. Methods Normal and cerebral ischemia rats were injected via the tail vein with each active ingredient, and blood was collected through the jaw vein at different time points. The plasma concentration of the compatibility group was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using Pharmacokinetic Kinetica 4.4 software. Results The pharmacokinetics of the four active ingredients in the normal and cerebral ischemia rats were consistent with a two-compartment model. The area under the concentration–time curve was higher in normal rats than in cerebral ischemia rats, with a highly significant difference for SAA (P < 0.01). Clearance rates were lower in normal rats than in cerebral ischemia rats, with DSS showing the most significant difference (P < 0.01). Furthermore, there were significant differences between normal and cerebral ischemia rats in the distribution phase-elimination half life for DSS, SAA, and HSYA, as well as in the apparent volume of distribution for the central compartment for DSS and HSYA (P < 0.01). The plasma concentrations of the four active ingredients were higher in normal rats than in cerebral ischemia rats. Conclusion Cerebral ischemia rats showed higher drug clearance rates and longer retention times than normal rats, which may be due to destruction of the blood–brain barrier during cerebral ischemia–reperfusion. The four active ingredients likely integrated and interacted with each other to affect target sites in the brain to protect against cerebral ischemic injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangfang Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No. 219 Moganshan Road, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Xiong
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinshan Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanying Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weifeng Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li X, Zhan J, Hou Y, Hou Y, Chen S, Luo D, Luan J, Wang L, Lin D. Coenzyme Q10 Regulation of Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in H 2O 2 Induced BMSC Death by Modulating the Nrf-2/NQO-1 Signaling Pathway and Its Application in a Model of Spinal Cord Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6493081. [PMID: 31915512 PMCID: PMC6930770 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6493081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) has always been considered to be a devastating problem that results in catastrophic dysfunction, high disability rate, low mortality rate, and huge cost for the patient. Stem cell-based therapy, especially using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), is a promising strategy for the treatment of SCI. However, SCI results in low rates of cell survival and a poor microenvironment, which limits the therapeutic efficiency of BMSC transplantation. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is known as a powerful antioxidant, which inhibits lipid peroxidation and scavenges free radicals, and its combined effect with BMSC transplantation has been shown to have a powerful impact on protecting the vitality of cells, as well as antioxidant and antiapoptotic compounds in SCI. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether CoQ10 could decrease oxidative stress against the apoptosis of BMSCs in vitro and explored its molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we investigated the protective effect of CoQ10 combined with BMSCs transplanted into a SCI model to verify its ability. Our results demonstrate that CoQ10 treatment significantly decreases the expression of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3, as shown through TUNEL-positive staining and the products of oxidative stress (ROS), while increasing the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the products of antioxidation, such as glutathione (GSH), against apoptosis and oxidative stress, in a H2O2-induced model. We also identified consistent results from the CoQ10 treatment of BMSCs transplanted into SCI rats in vivo. Moreover, the Nrf-2 signaling pathway was also investigated in order to detail its molecular mechanism, and the results show that it plays an important role, both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, CoQ10 exerts an antiapoptotic and antioxidant effect, as well as improves the microenvironment in vitro and in vivo. It may also protect BMSCs from oxidative stress and enhance their therapeutic efficiency when transplanted for SCI treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Jiheng Zhan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yonghui Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Shudong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Jiyao Luan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingkun Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zheng P, Mei J, Leng J, Jia S, Gu Z, Chen S, Zhang W, Cheng A, Guo D, Lang J. Evaluation of the brain functional activities in rats various location-endometriosis pain model. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:767. [PMID: 32042783 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.11.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Endometriosis (EM) is a common gynecological disease in women of reproductive age. These patients in approximately 80% suffer the various degree pain. This study will investigate synergistically the mechanism of the higher-position central sensitization and offer a pre-clinical experiment evidence for treatment of various location-EM patients with pain. Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were induced three types EM including abdominal EM (n=5), gastrocnemius EM (n=5) and ovary EM group (n=5) and one sham control group (n=5). All groups were measured the pain sensitization by hotplate test, then scanned by the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) date was analyzed using regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach to find out the abnormal functional activity brain regions. Nissl staining method observed the state of neurons in aberrant ReHo signal brain regions. Results Rats with EM pain sensitization were increased in abdominal EM and gastrocnemius EM than ovary EM group and sham control. The ReHo value is decreased in gastrocnemius EM in right thalamus and left olfactory tubercle compared with other three groups. The number of neurons was decreased; cavitation around nucleus, and pyknotic homogenous nuclei. Nissl bodies were stained deeply, and the shape was irregular in gastrocnemius EM by Nissl staining in right thalamus. In left olfactory tubercle, there was no significant difference in 4 groups. Conclusions The thalamus may be the potential key brain region for the central sensitization mechanism of various location-EM pain. The oxidative activation may be weakened in thalamus in gastrocnemius EM group with more severe pain. This finding could lend support for future research on the imageology and pathology of various location-EM pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jian Mei
- Physical Education College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jinhua Leng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shuangzheng Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhiyue Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Sikai Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Aoshuang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dalong Guo
- Air Force Characteristic Medical Center, PLA Air Force Medical University, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jinghe Lang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yu L, Qian J. WITHDRAWN: Dihydrotanshinone I alleviates spinal cord injury via suppressing inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis in rats. Pathol Res Pract 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
50
|
Li X, Zhan J, Hou Y, Chen S, Hou Y, Xiao Z, Luo D, Lin D. Coenzyme Q10 suppresses oxidative stress and apoptosis via activating the Nrf-2/NQO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathway after spinal cord injury in rats. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:6544-6552. [PMID: 31737205 PMCID: PMC6834524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating diseases that may cause paralysis, disability and irreversible loss of functions, which ultimately lead to permanent disabilities and a decrease in patient life expectancy. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipid-soluble vitamin-like benzoquinone compound that can exert antioxidant and anti-apoptotic functions in a variety of diseases. However, the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of CoQ10 in the treatment of SCI are still unknown. Therefore, we designed experiments to measure the changes in antioxidant capacity (glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the end product of lipid peroxidation (MDA)) and apoptosis products (Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3) to evaluate the protective effects of CoQ10 on SCI and investigated whether CoQ10 exerts its functions through the Nrf-2/NQO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results showed that CoQ10 treatment could significantly decrease the levels of oxidative products (MDA) and increase the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH) against oxidative stress, as well as decrease the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and Caspase-3) and increase the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2) against apoptosis after SCI. We also observed that CoQ10 exerted beneficial effects through the Nrf-2/NQO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggested that CoQ10 had a protective effect by decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis after SCI. Thus, our data may provide a new approach wherein CoQ10 may be considered as a potential effective therapeutic for the treatment of SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jiheng Zhan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shudong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dingkun Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineNo. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510405, Guangdong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|