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Nezis I, Biskos G, Eleftheriadis K, Fetfatzis P, Popovicheva O, Kalantzi OI. Indoor and outdoor air quality in street corner kiosks in a large metropolitan area. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31340. [PMID: 38813153 PMCID: PMC11133902 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor air quality in workplaces constitutes a great concern on human health as a good fraction of our time is spent at work. In Greece, very unique workplaces are the street corner kiosks, which are freestanding boxes placed on sidewalks next to city streets and vehicular traffic, where one can find many consumer goods. As such, its employees are exposed to both outdoor and indoor air pollutants. Very few studies have examined the occupational exposure of kiosk workers to air pollutants, and thus the magnitude of this unique indoor and outdoor exposure remains unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate and compare the levels of indoor and outdoor particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), ultrafine particles (UFPs) and black carbon (BC) in different kiosks located in Athens, Greece, in urban-traffic and urban-background environments. Continuous measurements of the above-mentioned pollutants were carried out on a 24-h basis over 7 consecutive days at three kiosks from September to October 2019. Indoor PM10 concentrations in the urban kiosk ranged from 19.0 to 44.0 μg/m3, PM2.5 values ranged from 14.0 to 33.0 μg/m3, whereas BC concentrations ranged from 1.2 to 7.0 μg/m3 and UFPs from almost 9.5 to 47.0 × 103 pt/cm3. Outdoor PM10 and PM2.5 measurements ranged from 29.0 to 59.0 μg/m3 and from 22.0 to 39.0 μg/m3, respectively. BC outdoor concentrations ranged from 1.1 to 2.2 μg/m3. The mean hazard quotient (HQ) for PM10 (4.9) and PM2.5 (4.7) among all participants was >1. The health risk of exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 was found to be at moderate hazard levels, although in some cases we observed HQ values higher than 10 due to high PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in the kiosks. Overall our study indicates that people working at kiosks can be exposed to very high concentrations on particulate pollution depending on a number of factors including the traffic that strongly depends on location and the time of the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Nezis
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, 81100, Greece
| | - George Biskos
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628-CN, the Netherlands
| | | | - Prodromos Fetfatzis
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, 15310, Ag. Paraskevi, Greece
- Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, 12243, Egaleo- Athens, Greece
| | - Olga Popovicheva
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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Kasem J, Davies MAM, Chainey S, Ronca F. Musculoskeletal complaints in English law enforcement officers: a cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2024; 30:84-89. [PMID: 37434478 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2023.2235844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. Musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints are prevalent in law enforcement officers (LEOs), but research that examines their risk factors is limited. This study aimed to identify the self-reported MSK complaint prevalence and perceived causes in LEOs. Methods. The Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to identify the 12-month and 7-day prevalence of MSK 'trouble' (ache, pain, discomfort) for nine body sites. The perceived cause, participant characteristics and occupational role were reported. Body fat percentage was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Results. Complete submissions of 186 questionnaires were received (80% male, median age 40.6 years, interquartile range 10.1). Eighty-six per cent of officers reported having an MSK complaint in the last 12 months, where lower back, shoulder and neck complaint prevalence was 59.1, 48.4 and 42.5%, respectively. The occupational role was associated with the site and presence of complaints (p < 0.05), where armed officers presented with more shoulder, lower back and hip/thigh complaints. Age, sex and body fat did not impact complaint prevalence. Participants mainly attributed their complaints to occupation equipment or to sport and exercise. Conclusion. MSK complaints were highly prevalent in this cohort, particularly armed officers. Further research is required to establish the impact of these complaints and how they can be mitigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judi Kasem
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, UK
| | | | - Spencer Chainey
- Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science, University College London, UK
| | - Flaminia Ronca
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, UK
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Maguire ER, Paoline EA. Non-fatal injuries among police officers during use-of-force encounters. Occup Med (Lond) 2023; 73:479-483. [PMID: 37820063 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqad101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational injuries are common in police work due to routine exposure to conflict, violence, accidents, and other hazards. However, little is known about the factors associated with non-fatal job-related injuries among police officers. AIMS To study the factors associated with non-fatal job-related injuries among Tucson, AZ, police officers during encounters involving the use of force. METHODS Data were analysed on all use-of-force cases involving Tucson police officers from January 2018 through June 2020. Logistic regression models were used to assess the factors that influence the likelihood of officer injuries. RESULTS Overall, about 11% of officers involved in a use-of-force encounter were injured. Multivariate analyses reveal that defensive physical resistance by the suspect increases injury risk among officers. When suspects assault officers or others during the encounter, the risk of officer injury also increases significantly. Certain types of force used by police, such as hands-on tactics and TASER use are also associated with increased risk of injury among officers. The age and race of the suspect are not associated with the likelihood of injury among officers. CONCLUSIONS Certain suspect behaviours and use-of-force modalities increase the risk of injury among officers. Understanding these risk factors can help employers put in place appropriate measures to reduce the risk of occupational injuries among police officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Maguire
- Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - E A Paoline
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
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Marins EF, Caputo EL, Krüger VL, Junior DM, Scaglioni FG, Del Vecchio FB, Primo TT, Alberton CL. Effectiveness of m-health-based core strengthening exercise and health education for public safety workers with chronic non-specific low back pain: study protocol for a superiority randomized controlled trial (SAFEBACK). Trials 2023; 24:780. [PMID: 38041180 PMCID: PMC10693081 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07833-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide. Public safety workers are highly exposed to physically demanding activities and inappropriate postures, increasing the risk of experiencing LBP. Smartphone app-based self-managed interventions may be an alternative for chronic non-specific LBP (CNSLBP) treatment. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone app-based self-managed exercise program plus health education, compared to a health education program alone, on neuromuscular and perceptual outcomes in police officers and firefighters with CNSLBP. METHODS This is a parallel, two-armed, blinded evaluator randomized clinical trial. Police officers and firefighters (from public safety institutions in the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil) will be randomly assigned to a m-health self-managed exercise program (twice a week) plus health education or health education alone. Self-management exercise program components are mobility and core resistance exercises, available on the app. Follow-ups will be conducted post-treatment (8 weeks) and 16 weeks after randomization. The co-primary outcomes will be pain intensity and disability post-treatment (8 weeks). Secondary outcomes will be biopsychosocial factors related to CNSLBP. DISCUSSION We hypothesize that the effects of a smartphone app-based self-managed exercise program on co-primary and secondary outcomes will be superior, compared to the health education only in public safety workers with CNSLBP. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05481996. Registered on August 01, 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo F Marins
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Physical Education School, Rua Luiz de Camões 625, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, 96055-630, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo L Caputo
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Physical Education School, Rua Luiz de Camões 625, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, 96055-630, Brazil
| | - Vitor L Krüger
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Physical Education School, Rua Luiz de Camões 625, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, 96055-630, Brazil
| | - Dirceu M Junior
- Postgraduate Program in Computing, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Fabrício G Scaglioni
- Postgraduate Program in Computing, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Fabricio B Del Vecchio
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Physical Education School, Rua Luiz de Camões 625, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, 96055-630, Brazil
| | - Tiago T Primo
- Postgraduate Program in Computing, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Cristine L Alberton
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Physical Education School, Rua Luiz de Camões 625, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, 96055-630, Brazil
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Muwanguzi M, Kule M, Nuwamanya S, Kaggwa MM. Firearm-related suicides, homicides, and homicide-suicides involving security officers in two East African Countries: a press media review. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:877. [PMID: 38001434 PMCID: PMC10675850 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Firearm violence is a growing public health problem causing death globally. With easy accessibility to firearms, suicides, homicides, and homicide-suicides have increased among security officers, especially in developing countries affected by long-standing civil wars/political insurgencies. No study has explored firearm violence in East African countries. This study describes the press media reporting of suicides, homicides, and homicide-suicides among security officers in two East African countries (Uganda and Kenya). METHODS Due to the absence of suicide databases among East African countries, the present study reviewed press media reports. We utilized content analysis of suicides, homicides, and homicide-suicides reports among security forces. Relevant media reports between January-2020 and May-2023 were searched. Using ANOVA and chi-square tests, we tested for statistical differences in characteristics between victims and perpetrators. RESULTS Among the 56 perpetrated reports, most of them were homicides 44.64% (n = 25/56), 30.36% (n = 17/56) were homicide-suicides, and 25% (n = 14/56) were suicides. Perpetrators' age ranged from 21 to 47 years, majority being males [53/56 (94.64%)]. Victims were 58, mostly Ugandans [41/58 (73.21%)] with a mean age of 33.5 ± 8.81 years. Among the three main outcomes, statistically significant difference existed by country (χ2 = 23.88, p < 0.001), and perpetrators' age (F = 8.59, p = 0.005). There was a significant difference between perpetrators and the number of victims lost by age of victims (F = 10.37, p = 0.002). Among victims, type of security of perpetrator and citizenship of victims (χ2 = 24.18, p < 0.001) showed statistical difference with Ugandans having more victims to army officers while Kenyans to police officers. Brief incident descriptions pointed towards relationship dysfunctions, alcohol/substance abuse, intentional harm, and financial disagreements, as the potential causes. Only two perpetrators were reported to have mental health-related conditions. CONCLUSION This study shows that media reported firearms-related suicides, homicides, and homicide-suicides among security forces commonly involve males. Perpetrators in Uganda are mainly army officers while in Kenya the perpetrators are mostly police officers. Mental health conditions were not frequently reported among perpetrators. We recommend strengthening and enforcing gun regulation policies among security officers to curb this growing problem in these countries. Routine screening of mental health problems to enable early interventions is recommended among security officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Muwanguzi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
| | - Moses Kule
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Simpson Nuwamanya
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Mark Mohan Kaggwa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5Th, Hamilton, ON, L89 3K7, Canada
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Marins EF, Ferreira RW, de Freitas FC, Júnior JREV, Dutra GFDAA, Caputo EL. Suicides in Brazilian Federal Highway Police: A retrospective study with 20-years' data (2001-2020). Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:775-779. [PMID: 37380600 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the incidence of suicides among Brazilian Federal Highway Police Officers (FHPO) between 2001 and 2020, as well as to describe their sociodemographic and occupational profile. METHODS A retrospective study analyzed all suicides among FHPO of all Brazilian states between 2001 and 2020 based on personalized police record files. RESULTS The average suicide rate was 18.7/100,000 persons per year. A total of 35 suicides were identified, of which 33 (91.4%) were by firearm. Most FHPO who died by suicide were male (94.3%), under the age of 40 (62.9%), working for 10 or more years (57.1%), married (65.7%), parents (68.6%), had health insurance (77.1%), and worked in alternating shifts (54.2%). CONCLUSION The suicide rate among FHPO is high. Due to missing data on age and gender, standardized rates were not reported in the current study, therefore a careful interpretation of the rates reported should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Frio Marins
- Polícia Rodoviária Federal, Brasil, Setor Policial Sul, Complexo Sede da Polícia Rodoviária Federal, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Wiltgen Ferreira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha, São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Castagna de Freitas
- Polícia Rodoviária Federal, Brasil, Setor Policial Sul, Complexo Sede da Polícia Rodoviária Federal, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - José Rossy E V Júnior
- Polícia Rodoviária Federal, Brasil, Setor Policial Sul, Complexo Sede da Polícia Rodoviária Federal, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Lucia Caputo
- Escola Superior de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Granholm Valmari E, Nygren U, Ghazinour M, Gilenstam K. How police officers juggle work, a life partner, and kids. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1178314. [PMID: 37484103 PMCID: PMC10357350 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1178314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Police officers frequently encounter stressful social situations during their working days. Furthermore, previous research on policing and families show that police officers' families are impacted in different ways when at least one member of the family has the role of a police officer. Despite work spilling over to family life there is currently little research on police officers' role-balancing. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore and describe the challenges that arise at the intersection between police officers' professional roles and their private life roles as parents and life partners, as well as how police officers balance these roles in between. We used qualitative content analysis after interviewing 13 uniformed police officers. The findings show how the police officers' professional roles affect their private life roles within three different sub-themes and are summarized under the theme of "Balancing conflicting roles: Coping with professional and private life commitments". The theme revolves around the various challenges of working as a uniformed police officer, such as hypervigilance and risks, as well as the enrichments and conflicts of working shifts while also juggling private life roles. The results also touch on gender and equality in life-partner relationships. The study raises an important question about how these challenges can be mitigated within Police authorities to enable uniformed police officers to balance their professional and personal lives in a healthy and sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Granholm Valmari
- Occupational Therapy Unit, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulla Nygren
- Occupational Therapy Unit, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Kajsa Gilenstam
- Occupational Therapy Unit, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Alves L, Abreo L, Petkari E, da Costa MP. Psychosocial risk and protective factors associated with burnout in police officers: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2023; 332:283-298. [PMID: 36972850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The specific factors that may influence burnout levels in police officers are not yet clear. Our aim was to systematically identify the psychosocial risk and protective factors associated with burnout among police officers. METHODS This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). A protocol was registered in PROSPERO. A search strategy was applied to Medline via OvidSP, PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science. The quality assessment entailed the use of the CASP checklist for cohort studies. The data was reported through a narrative synthesis. RESULTS After removing studies based on the selection criteria, 41 studies were included in this review. The findings were synthesized under the following subheadings: socio-demographic; organisational; operational; individual and coping strategies. Organisational and operational factors were found to be risk factors for burnout. Individual factors and coping strategies revealed risk and protective factors. Social interaction-related factors were mostly protective. Socio-demographic factors were weak in explaining burnout. LIMITATIONS Most studies are from high-income countries. Not all used the same burnout measurement tool. All relied on self-reported data. Lastly, 98 % had a cross-sectional design, causal inferences could not be made. CONCLUSIONS Burnout, despite being strictly defined as an occupational phenomenon, is related to factors outside of this context. Future research should focus on examining the reported associations by using more robust designs. More attention must be paid to police officers' mental health by investing in developing strategies to mitigate adverse factors and maximise the effects of protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alves
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lee Abreo
- South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Eleni Petkari
- Facultad de Ciências de la Salud de la Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Mariana Pinto da Costa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College of London, London, UK; Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Jahan I, Dalal K, Khan MAS, Mutsuddi A, Sultana S, Rashid MU, Haque MMA, Hossain MA, Hossian M, Nabi MH, Hawlader MDH. Occupational Health Hazards Among Traffic Police in South Asian Countries: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e42239. [PMID: 36884285 PMCID: PMC10034605 DOI: 10.2196/42239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational health hazards and injuries are an alarming concern among traffic police. Occupational injuries affect the physical, social, and mental well-being of police personnel, which has various public health implications. The evaluation of occupational health and safety policies and regulations for the traffic police relies on their occupational exposure and health hazard statistics and assessments. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review is to systematically explore, analyze, and describe relevant findings from all studies conducted on occupational exposure and associated health hazards among traffic police in South Asia. METHODS The scoping review will include studies that assessed occupational exposure prevalence, types, knowledge, predisposing factors, and prevention strategies. Databases like PubMed, Springer Link, EBSCOhost, the Cochrane library, and Google Scholar will be used to obtain both published and unpublished works in the English language. Relevant gray literature, including governmental and international organization reports, will be examined. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, the full-text analysis will begin. Arksey and O'Malley's methodology framework for scoping reviews will be followed. According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews, the scoping review will be reported. Two qualified reviewers will independently conduct article screening and data extraction. The extracted data will then be tabulated and accompanied by an explanation to facilitate comprehension. We will extract relevant article results using NVivo (version 10; QSR International) and thematic content analysis. The included articles will be evaluated using the mixed methods appraisal tool (version 2018). RESULTS The scoping review will provide insight into how occupational health hazards affect traffic police physically and psychologically in South Asia. The theoretical conceptualization of different aspects of the occupational health of traffic police will emphasize future studies in this region, which will inform policy makers to revise their occupational health and safety policies and principles. It will have implications for taking necessary preventive measures in the future to reduce occupational injuries and fatalities resulting from different types of occupational hazards. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review will describe the overview of occupational hazards among South Asian traffic police and will provide insights for policy makers to implement changes and to adapt new strategies. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/42239.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishrat Jahan
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Abdullah Saeed Khan
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Archi Mutsuddi
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sabeeha Sultana
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Utba Rashid
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Miah Md Akiful Haque
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Ali Hossain
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mosharop Hossian
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Putus T, Suominen E, Atosuo J, Vilén L. Occupational Risk Factors for Hoarseness Among Police Officers in Finland. J Voice 2023:S0892-1997(23)00008-5. [PMID: 36717312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Police officers have many work-related risks. In Finland, hoarseness and other respiratory symptoms and related risk factors have not been investigated on a national level. In many of the work tasks carried out by the police, an excellent physical and mental condition is essential. METHOD Our aim was to determine the prevalence of hoarseness and related respiratory symptoms and to investigate eventual occupational risk factors associated with hoarseness. We also compared different work tasks and remediation procedures in three police stations with indoor air problems. MATERIAL In all, 767 persons completed a nation-wide e-mail survey. The study population is approximately 11% of the total police force in Finland. Half of the study population were men. In three cities, we evaluated the outcome of different type of remediation methods after the moisture damaged buildings were renovated. The prevalence of hoarseness was compared in different work tasks and the risk associated with indoor air, work-related stress, and background factors were estimated. Information on the remediation was obtained from the employer. RESULTS Altogether, 30.5% of the respondents had hoarseness and 15.5% had work-related stress. Almost 9% were smokers and 43% had pets at home. Of all the respondents, 13% had asthma. Hoarseness was not related to work-related stress. The strongest risk factors for hoarseness were asthma and exposure to mold odor, dusts and cold temperatures after adjusting for age, gender, smoking and pet-owning. When three renovation techniques were compared, the best results were found in the building with a thorough remediation and the removal of mold from the building. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the exposure to irritant gases, fumes, and bioaerosols should be minimized whenever possible in order to avoid incident asthma and voice problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuula Putus
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Clinical Research Unit TROSSI, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Eetu Suominen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Clinical Research Unit TROSSI, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Biotechnology, The Laboratory of Immunochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Janne Atosuo
- Clinical Research Unit TROSSI, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Biotechnology, The Laboratory of Immunochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Liisa Vilén
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Clinical Research Unit TROSSI, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Chiu SK, Hornsby-Myers J, Iverson C, Trout D. A Cluster of Health Symptoms After a Law Enforcement Operation: A Case Study. Saf Health Work 2022; 13:507-511. [PMID: 36579004 PMCID: PMC9772466 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Law enforcement officers (LEOs) often encounter rapidly changing and uncontrolled situations that expose them to various hazards. A law enforcement agency requested an evaluation by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) when multiple LEOs reported illness after executing a search warrant and taking a suspect into custody. NIOSH investigators interviewed LEOs and reviewed medical records, forensic laboratory results for collected evidence, and environmental testing results of samples taken after the operation. Two-thirds (25 of 38) of LEOs who participated in the operation reported ≥1 symptom. Eleven LEOs met a case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI). Members of one unit were more likely to have ILI than non-members (prevalence ratio (PR), 4.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-13.0; p = 0.01). Influenza vaccination was associated with a lower prevalence of ILI (PR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9; p = 0.02). Preventing employees from working while ill and annual influenza vaccination might prevent similar occurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia K. Chiu
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Corresponding author. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Mailstop R-9, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1938, USA.
| | - Jennifer Hornsby-Myers
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Office, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Christopher Iverson
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Douglas Trout
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Marins EF, Ferreira RW, de Freitas FC, Dutra GFDAA, Vasconcelos JRE, Caputo EL. Mortality in Brazilian federal highway police officers: time series from 2001 to 2020. Rev Saude Publica 2022; 56:82. [PMID: 36134778 PMCID: PMC9469873 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the mortality trend from all causes in Brazilian federal highway police officers from 2001 to 2020. METHODS This is an ecological time-series study based on mortality official data from the Brazilian federal highway police registry system and death certificates from the federal registry system. Deaths of active police officers from 2001 to 2020 were assessed. We performed a descriptive analysis reporting proportions and incidence rates per 1,000 police officers. The chi-square test was used for bivariate analyzes and Prais-Winsten regression was used for trend analysis. RESULTS Among 346 deaths, 146 were from natural and 189 from unnatural causes (11 were from undefined causes). Most deaths occurred among police officers who were men (n = 333; 96.3%), over 35 years old (n = 265; 76.6%), whose service time was up to 15 years (n = 185; 53.5%), living in Northeast Brazil, and from unnatural causes (n = 189; 56.4%). The absolute number of deaths presented a decreasing trend throughout the series (p = -0.78; 95%CI: -1.03 to -0.5). Traffic accidents (n = 96; 28.7%), cardiovascular diseases (n = 58; 17.3%), interpersonal violence (n = 51; 15.2%), suicides (n = 35; 10.5%), and malignant neoplasms (n = 35; 10.4%) were the main causes of death. Most natural deaths occurred among police officers who were 51–73 years old (68.3%; 95%CI: 58.6 to 76.7) and worked more than 26 years (64.7%; 95%CI: 52.7 to 75.1), while most unnatural deaths occurred among officers who were 19–35 years old (87.3%; 95%CI: 78.0 to 93.1) and worked up to 15 years (70.2%; 95%CI: 63.1 to 76.4). CONCLUSION The mortality trend in Brazilian federal highway police officers decreased within the period studied. Understanding mortality causes may help to develop policies for disease prevention and health protection of police officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Frio Marins
- Polícia Rodoviária FederalBrasíliaDFBrasilPolícia Rodoviária Federal. Brasília, DF, Brasil,Universidade Federal de PelotasEscola Superior de Educação FísicaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação FísicaPelotasRSBrasil Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Escola Superior de Educação Física. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Wiltgen Ferreira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia FarroupilhaSão BorjaRSBrasil Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha. Campus São Borja. São Borja, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Eduardo Lucia Caputo
- Universidade Federal de PelotasEscola Superior de Educação FísicaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação FísicaPelotasRSBrasil Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Escola Superior de Educação Física. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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Pollarolo M, Immordino A, Immordino P, Sireci F, Lorusso F, Dispenza F. Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Police Officers: Systematic Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2022; 34:211-218. [PMID: 36246192 PMCID: PMC9515995 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2022.64036.3198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is defined as the sensorineural hearing loss caused by acute acoustic trauma or chronic exposure to high-intensity noises. Exposure to noises can lead to irreversible damage to the inner ear and, consequently, to a permanent shift of the hearing threshold. Police officers are particularly at risk of acute or chronic hearing damages. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hearing loss of police officers in relation to the occupational risk factors and clinical-anamnestic characteristics by collecting and analyzing existing data and evidence available in public databases. Materials and Methods A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses group (PRISMA). Studies were included if they met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted independently by two researchers. Results Our initial literature search yielded 29 peer-reviewed articles. Out of 29 papers, only 10 were included in the review, after inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied the. Conclusions Hypertension, smoking and alcohol intake significantly affect hearing performance. In addition, a history of acoustic trauma, use of ototoxic drugs, exposure to noise in leisure-time activities and failure to use ear protectors are often found in a fair number of subjects. NIHL is also related to the age of the subjects as well as the extent and duration of noise exposure. Furthermore, NIHL is also influenced by shooting practice sessions police officers are required to undertake as well as by the chronic exposure to traffic noise, especially in motorcycle police officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pollarolo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘‘Paolo Giaccone’’, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Angelo Immordino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘‘Paolo Giaccone’’, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy.,Corresponding Author: Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘‘Paolo Giaccone’’, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Palmira Immordino
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (POMISE), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘‘Paolo Giaccone’’, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, Palermo 90127, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Federico Sireci
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘‘Paolo Giaccone’’, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Lorusso
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘‘Paolo Giaccone’’, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Dispenza
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘‘Paolo Giaccone’’, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
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Liang Z, Wu L, Tang F, Gong S, Liu X. Acute stress disorder in patients with accidental traumatic fractures: What can we do. Nurs Open 2022; 9:2418-2424. [PMID: 35666020 PMCID: PMC9374406 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the potential influencing factors of acute stress disorder (ASD) in patients with accidental traumatic fractures to provide evidence for clinical nursing care. DESIGN A retrospective study. METHODS Patients with traumatic fractures treated in our hospital from 1 January 2020 to 30 November 2021 were included. The characteristics of ASD and no ASD patients were assessed. RESULTS A total of 468 patients with traumatic fractures were included, the incidence of ASD was 28.20%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≤50 years (OR2.918, 95% CI1.994 ~ 3.421), female (OR2.074, 95% CI1.489 ~ 3.375), AIS-ISS at admission ≥20 (OR3.981, 95% CI2.188 ~ 5.091), VAS at admission≥7 (OR2.804, 95% CI2.027 ~ 3.467), introverted personality (OR1.722, 95%CI1.314 ~ 2.432) and CD-RISC at admission≤60 (OR3.026, 95% CI2.338 ~ 4.769) were the risk factors of ASD in patients with traumatic fractures (all p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The development of ASD in patients with traumatic fractures is affected by multiple factors. Medical workers should take early and timely management and nursing measures for related risk factors to reduce the occurrence of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lijuan Wu
- School of MedicineTaizhou UniversityTaizhouChina
| | - Fuqin Tang
- Department of nursingTaizhou Central HospitalTaizhouChina
| | - Shumei Gong
- School of NursingThe Second Military Medical UniversityYangpuChina
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- School of NursingThe Second Military Medical UniversityYangpuChina
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15
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Alkaabi FA. Predicting disability retirement among Abu Dhabi police using multiple measure of sickness absence. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1318. [PMID: 35810280 PMCID: PMC9270810 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Disability retirement has been investigated in the last two decades using predictors such as measures of sickness absence, psychological, social, and organizational work factors. The impact of various health-related and sickness measures on disability retirement across various occupational group reveal a significant relation. However, current literature lacks understanding in police personnel. Methods This study examines the roles of demographic and measures of sickness absence on disability retirement among police personnel in Abu Dhabi, UAE. The case–control design was used to predict disability retirement wherein controls were matched with cases according to age and gender from those who worked in the same administration as the case at baseline, to reduce the possible confounding influence of these variables. Conditional logistic regression models were used determine the odds-ratio of various measures of sickness absence in predicting disability retirement. Results Results indicate that increased number of spells, and number of days of sickness absence can predict disability retirements among police personnel in the UAE. Results indicate that odds ratios for disability retirement for the total exposure period increased from 1.76 (95% CI = 1.42-2.20) for spells of 4-7d to 2.47 (95%CI = 1.79-3.40) for spells of > 4 weeks. When compared with their married counterparts, non-married police employees had a statistically significant increase in odds of disability retirement of almost three fold (OR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.55-5.56). Non-field and field police officers, on the other hand, had significantly reduced odds of disability retirement compared with admin/supportive staff (OR = 0.43 and 0.28 with 95% CI = 0.19-0.96 and 0.13-0.61 respectively). Odds ratios of disability retirement at end of the exposure period for the matching variables with those obtained after additionally adjusting for all demographic variables (model b), namely, marital status, occupation, employment grade and type, and educational level. The odds ratios of disability retirement remained significantly raised for the total number of days of sickness absence and for the number of spells of sickness absence for all spell types. Conclusions Recommendation to reduce the number of future disability retirements among Abu Dhabi Police include structured problem-solving process addressed through stepwise meetings between the line-managers and the employee.
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Granholm Valmari E, Ghazinour M, Nygren U, Gilenstam K. A systematic review of lifestyle and health among patrolling police officers. Scand J Occup Ther 2022:1-24. [PMID: 35704703 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2022.2083013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The police profession is a high-strain and high-risk profession, sometimes resulting in poor physical, mental and social health. This systematic review aims to identify and describe crucial areas for a healthy and sustainable lifestyle among patrolling police officers in Europe, an area not previously studied. METHODS The review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A protocol was published and registered with PROSPERO beforehand. Searches were carried out in eight databases. Two independent authors screened articles and critically appraised the included studies. A narrative synthesis was conducted to analyse the results. The review's total body of evidence was assessed with GRADE-CERQaul. RESULTS A total of 16 articles were located, representing 13 studies. Barriers and resources for a healthy and sustainable lifestyle were linked to a theoretical framework of life balance. Subsequently, a linkage model was created to explain different aspects of patrolling police officers' life balance and its relation to health (physical, social and mental). CONCLUSIONS Several crucial areas for a healthy and sustainable lifestyle were found and described, indicating that patrolling officers' working life affects their possibilities of living a balanced lifestyle, which might disturb different aspects of health, depending on which aspect is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ulla Nygren
- Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kajsa Gilenstam
- Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Bertrandt J, Anyżewska A, Łakomy R, Lepionka T, Szarska E, Tomczak A, Gaździńska A, Bertrandt-Tomaszewska K, Kłos K, Maculewicz E. Assessment of Energy Expenditure of Police Officers Trained in Polish Police Schools and Police Training Centers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116828. [PMID: 35682416 PMCID: PMC9180608 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the energy expenditure related to the training of policemen allows for assessment of the intensity of the work performed and is an indispensable element of planning and implementing nutrition. This study on energy expenditure comprised a total of 280 persons, students of two Polish police schools and two police training centers. The energy expenditure of policemen was determined based on measurements of the heart rate using Polar RC3 GPS heart rate monitors. The energy expenditure of policemen associated with the training process in the police schools and training centers ranged from 1793 to 3043 kcal/8 h and amounted to 2314 ± 945 kcal/8 h during training on average. The values of energy expenditure related to a typical training day in Polish institutions conducting police training are diverse and depend on the specificity and nature of the training. According to the criteria for assessing the burden of work, the work performed by police officers can be classified as hard work and very hard work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Bertrandt
- Faculty of Economic Sciences, John Paul II University of Applied Sciences in Biała Podlaska, Sidorska 95/97, 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Anyżewska
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Roman Łakomy
- Department of Hygiene and Physiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 4 Kozielska, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (R.Ł.); (T.L.); (E.S.); (K.B.-T.)
| | - Tomasz Lepionka
- Department of Hygiene and Physiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 4 Kozielska, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (R.Ł.); (T.L.); (E.S.); (K.B.-T.)
| | - Ewa Szarska
- Department of Hygiene and Physiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 4 Kozielska, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (R.Ł.); (T.L.); (E.S.); (K.B.-T.)
| | | | - Agata Gaździńska
- Department of Psychophysiological Measurements and Human Factor Research, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, 54/56 Krasinskiego, 01-755 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Karolina Bertrandt-Tomaszewska
- Department of Hygiene and Physiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 4 Kozielska, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (R.Ł.); (T.L.); (E.S.); (K.B.-T.)
| | - Krzysztof Kłos
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Maculewicz
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 34 Marymoncka, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
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Granholm Valmari E, Ghazinour M, Nygren U, Gilenstam K. Exploring the life contexts of patrolling police officers in the European Union – A scoping review. Scand J Occup Ther 2022:1-19. [DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2022.2041088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ulla Nygren
- Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kajsa Gilenstam
- Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Kulkarni VY, Mishra GA, Pimple SA, Patil AS, Bajpai J, TS S. Determinants of Compliance for Breast and Cervical Cancers Screening among Female Police Personnel of Mumbai, India—A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Women working in police force have unique and vital role to play in law enforcement. Although these women have established a secured place for themselves in the police force, they are exposed to several behavioral and health risks apart from job stress. All these can have potentially serious consequences on their well-being.
Objectives To determine the compliance to breast and uterine cervical cancers screening and identify predictors of participation in breast and cervical cancers screening among women police personnel.
Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the Mumbai police personnel during the period 2019 to 2021. All women working for Mumbai police work force in 12 zones were invited to participate in the study. Temporary clinics for screening were set up in different police stations and eligible participants were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent. This was followed by sociodemographic and risk factor assessment, health education program, screening for common cancers conducted by trained primary health workers (breast by clinical breast examination and uterine cervix by visual inspection with 5% acetic acid). Screen positives were referred according to predefined referral criteria for further investigations and management.
Results A total of 3,017 police women were contacted, among them, 2,629 (87.14%) were eligible for screening, 2,609 (99.24%) participated in health education, and 1,839 (69.95%) complied for breast or cervical cancer screening. Further, compliance for screening of breast and uterine cervix were 1,837 (91.67%) and 1,297 (64.72%). A total of 256 (13.94%) and 217 (11.81%) police women were screen positives for breast and cervical cancers. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, women younger than 50 years, those who were not married or were widowed or separated, postmenopausal women, and those who did not have shift duties had higher compliance for breast and cervix cancers screening.
Conclusion Good participation for breast and cervical cancers screening was seen among the women police personnel. This study has demonstrated that awareness and screening by simple low-cost methods for breast and cervical cancers screening is easily implementable and can be replicated among the women police force in different states of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasundhara Y. Kulkarni
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gauravi A. Mishra
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sharmila A. Pimple
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil S. Patil
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jyoti Bajpai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shylasree TS
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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McCanlies EC, Leppma M, Mnatsakanova A, Allison P, Fekedulegn D, Andrew ME, Violanti JM. Associations of burnout with awakening and diurnal cortisol among police officers. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2021; 4. [PMID: 34553178 PMCID: PMC8455162 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2020.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the associations of burnout with cortisol parameters in 197 police officers from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress (BCOPS) study (2010–2014). The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey assessed depersonalization, exhaustion, and professional efficacy. Officers provided salivary cortisol samples collected upon awakening, and 15, 30, and 45 min thereafter as well as three additional samples at lunchtime, dinnertime, and bedtime. Total area under the curve with respect to increase (AUCWI for waking and AUCDI for diurnal), total area under the curve with respect to ground (AUCWG for waking and AUCDG for diurnal), and diurnal slope were determined and used in this study. Unadjusted and adjusted (age, sex, and race/ethnicity) associations were examined using linear regression. The mean age of the officers was 48 years and 72% were males. The depersonalization component of burnout was negatively associated with AUCDG (β = −108.4; p = 0.036). Similarly, as exhaustion increased, AUCWI (β = −9.58, p = 0.038), AUCDG (β = −114.7, p = 0.029) and the diurnal slope (β = −0.000038; p = 0.017) decreased. The Professional efficacy was not associated with any of the cortisol parameters. These results suggest that certain characteristics of burnout may be associated with diminished cortisol secretion in this group of urban police officers. Our findings add to previous studies examining associations of burnout with the cortisol awakening response. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the temporal relationship between burnout and these cortisol parameters. Burnout component scores and cortisol parameter values did not differ significantly between male and female officers. Adjusted models demonstrated significant negative associations between the burnout components and cortisol parameters. As depersonalization increased, AUCDG decreased. As exhaustion increased, AUCWI, AUCDG, and the diurnal slope decreased. Professional efficacy was not associated with either AUCWI or AUCDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C McCanlies
- Bioanalytics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M Leppma
- West Virginia University, Department of Counseling, Rehabilitation Counseling, and Counseling Psychology, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - A Mnatsakanova
- Bioanalytics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - P Allison
- Bioanalytics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - D Fekedulegn
- Bioanalytics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M E Andrew
- Bioanalytics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - J M Violanti
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Loder RT, Young A, Atoa B. Firearm injuries associated with law enforcement activity. J Forensic Leg Med 2021; 83:102249. [PMID: 34461598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Law enforcement activity can involve firearms, and either a civilian or the law enforcement officer can be injured. It was the purpose of this study to characterize the injuries and demographics associated with law enforcement firearm activity across the entire US using a national data base. METHODS Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research Firearm Injury Surveillance Study data 1993-2015 was used. Law enforcement involvement and other demographic variables were ascertained. Statistical analyses were performed accounting for the weighted, stratified nature of the data. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS There were an estimated 2,667,896 ED visits for injuries due to firearms; 1.7% (45,497) were associated with law enforcement. Those involved with law enforcement were older (33.2 vs 29.8 years), a handgun was more commonly involved (80.3 vs 71.5%), male (90.7 vs 86.8%), White (52.9 vs 37.2%), had more upper trunk injuries (25.2 vs 16.2%), fewer lower extremity (15.1% vs 25.9%) injuries, and more fatalities (10.0 vs. 6.2%). An argument, crime, fight and drug involvement were all greater in the law enforcement group. Within the law enforcement group, when the injured patient was the civilian and not the officer, the patient was more commonly Black, male, sustained more trunk injuries, fewer extremity injuries, and more frequently admitted to the hospital. The civilian group had fewer upper extremity (11.7% vs 29.7%), lower extremity (12.2% vs 23.7%) and lower trunk injuries (14.6% vs 8.0%), more upper trunk injuries (31.3% vs 7.8%, and similar proportion of head/neck injuries (31.5% vs 30.7%) compared to the officer group. More females were injured in the officer group (16.9% vs 7.5%). The fatality rate was 12.6% for the civilian group and 3.0% for the officer group. There were no differences by race in disposition from the ED (released, admitted, death) for those who sustained injuries by the officer. CONCLUSIONS Firearm injuries due to law enforcement activity occurred in 1.7% of all ED visits for injuries due to firearms. The law enforcement officer was the injured patient in 23% of the events. This study spanning nearly a quarter of a century of data for injuries due to firearm activity resulting in ED visits is baseline data for future studies, especially in the present setting of calls for police reform within the US. This will be important when analyzing the effect of new programs in law enforcement training and/or police reform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall T Loder
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Allison Young
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bradley Atoa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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22
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Mumford EA, Liu W, Taylor BG, Ramey S. Profiles of US Law Enforcement Officers' Diagnosed Health Conditions: Results From a Probability-Based Sample of Officers. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:422-431. [PMID: 33560070 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess comorbidity across five common health conditions. METHODS Surveys were collected from a probability-based sample of US law enforcement officers, and latent class models estimated for hypertension (HTN), high blood cholesterol (LDL), diabetes (DM), a gastrointestinal disorder (GI), and sleep apnea (SA). RESULTS The majority of officers (69.4%) were classified in a Healthy profile. One in four officers (23.7%) were classified in a LDL-HTN-DM profile. About 7% of officers were classified in a GI-SA-HTN profile. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), exercise, and working a rotating shift assignment distinguished class membership. CONCLUSION Most officers reported good health. Law enforcement administrative or clinical assessments using readily accessible measures might be informative in identifying risk categories of need for more targeted prevention and treatment support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mumford
- National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, Maryland (Dr Mumford, Dr Liu, Dr Taylor); University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Ramey)
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Strauss M, Foshag P, Jehn U, Vollenberg R, Brzęk A, Leischik R. Exercise capacity, cardiovascular and metabolic risk of the sample of German police officers in a descriptive international comparison. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2767-2775. [PMID: 34220304 PMCID: PMC8241769 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.60696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The police force has the mandate to protect citizens and enforce the law for public safety. Employment in the police force is recognized as a dangerous occupation and characterized by job-related physical hazards. Therefore, good health and adequate physical condition are necessary. This study aimed to determine cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory, and metabolic risk parameters of German police officers (POs) in comparison to POs from other nations. Methods: 55 male police officers from Germany participated in the survey. We examined anthropometric measurements, cardiovascular/metabolic risk factors and blood parameters. Additionally, we calculated 10-year cardiovascular risk using the Framingham Risk Score. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome bases on the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. We assessed cardiorespiratory status by exercise spirometry. Results: The analyzed group of POs demonstrated a high prevalence of pre obesity (BMI: 28.0±3.2 kg/m², waist circumference: 97.8±12.4 cm). 61.8 % of POs showed an increased waist circumference. POs showed high prevalence of abnormal values of triglyceride (n: 24, 43,6%), and systolic (n: 29, 52,7%) and diastolic (n: 27, 49%) blood pressure. The average 10-year cardiovascular risk (by Framingham) was classified as moderate (9.6 ± 7.4 %). 32 % (n: 18) of POs in our study group were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Maximal relative oxygen uptake of POs was 34.1 ± 8.0 ·ml/kg-1 ·min-1. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study was one of the first to assess data on cardiovascular health, metabolic syndrome and cardiorespiratory status of police officers in Germany. The results of our study demonstrated an increased cardiovascular and metabolic risk and decreased cardiorespiratory fitness in German police officers. The present study results underline the need to implement health-promoting interventions and concepts like corporate sports activities or nutrition courses to counteract cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. We have to reduce the subsequent development of cardiovascular and metabolic disease in this occupational group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Strauss
- Department of Cardiology I- Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Cardiol, 48149 Muenster, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, 58095, Hagen, Germany
| | - Peter Foshag
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, 58095, Hagen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Jehn
- Department of Medicine D, Division of General Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Richard Vollenberg
- Department of Medicine B, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Anna Brzęk
- Department of Physiotherapy, Chair of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Roman Leischik
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, 58095, Hagen, Germany
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24
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Sasikumar S, Maheshkumar K, Dilara K, Padmavathi R. Assessment of pulmonary functions among traffic police personnel in Chennai city - A comparative cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:3356-3360. [PMID: 33102296 PMCID: PMC7567253 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1126_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Air pollution due to road traffic is a solemn health hazard and vehicular emissions due to huge population in the cities are the main reason for the air quality crisis. The study was conducted to assess the degree of impairment in lung function in traffic police personnel exposed to traffic pollution compared to less-exposed healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 traffic police personnel, aged 20–55 years, working in Chennai city, as compared to a matched control group, consisting of 250 less-exposed subjects. Measurement of pulmonary function testing was done with an RMS Helio 401. Statistical analysis was carried out with R statistical software. Results: The traffic police personnel had significantly (P < 0.05) declined FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio and FEF 25–75% (L/s) as compared to controls. Traffic personnel with longer duration of exposure showed significantly (P < 0.05) reduced lung functions than those with shorter duration. We have found a significant negative correlation with all pulmonary function parameters such as FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, and FVC 25%–75% among the traffic police personnel. Conclusion: The impairment of pulmonary function among the traffic police personnel might be due to the effect of pollution by vehicular exhausts and they should be offered personal protective or preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sasikumar
- Department of Physiology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Maheshkumar
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Dilara
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Padmavathi
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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25
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Differences in Body Composition across Police Occupations and Moderation Effects of Leisure Time Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186825. [PMID: 32962049 PMCID: PMC7558920 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated differences in the body composition of police officers from different occupational groups and the moderation effects of leisure time physical activity (LTPA). A sample of 237 police officers (special anti-terrorist unit, gendarmerie, firefighters, and general duties) participated in the study. Body mass index (BMI), percent of body fat (%BF), percent of skeletal muscle mass (%SMM), and index of hypokinesia (IH) were assessed using a multichannel bioelectric impedance analyzer and officers reported the amount of LTPA using an international physical activity questionnaire. The sample was divided in three groups relative to LTPA, sedentary (0–149 min/week), moderately active (150–299 min/week), and very active (300+ min/week). Multiple analysis of variance (4 × 3) was used to analyze if occupational groups differed based solely on occupation, if officers from the same occupation differed in muscularity and fatness based on LTPA, and if any differences in body composition occurred between officers from different occupations with the same level of LTPA. Police officers from more physically demanding occupations demonstrated lower %BF and IH, while having higher %SMM. This was also observed among the officers of the same occupation who reported a higher LTPA, while officers who reported very high LTPA had similar body composition.
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26
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Groneberg DA, Braumann H, Rolle S, Quarcoo D, Klingelhöfer D, Fischer A, Nienhaus A, Brüggmann D. Needlestick injuries: a density-equalizing mapping and socioeconomic analysis of the global research. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2020; 93:995-1006. [PMID: 32372129 PMCID: PMC7199875 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-020-01547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Needlestick injuries have caused a deleterious effect on the physical and mental health of millions of health-care workers over the past decades, being responsible for occupational infections with viruses such as HIV or hepatis C. Despite this heavy burden of disease, no concise studies have been published on the global research landscape so far. Methods We used the New Quality and Quantity Indices in Science platform to analyze global NSI research (n = 2987 articles) over the past 115 years using the Web of Science and parameters such as global versus country-specific research activities, semi-qualitative issues, and socioeconomic figures. Results Density-equalizing mapping showed that although a total of n = 106 countries participated in NSI research, large parts of Africa and South America were almost invisible regarding global participation in NSI research. Average citation rate (cr) analysis indicated a high rate for Switzerland (cr = 25.1), Italy (cr = 23.5), and Japan (cr = 19.2). Socioeconomic analysis revealed that the UK had the highest quotient QGDP of 0.13 NSI-specific publications per bill. US-$ gross domestic product (GDP), followed by South Africa (QGDP = 0.12). Temporal analysis of HIV versus hepatitis research indicated that NSI-HIV research culminated in the early 1990s, whereas NSI-hepatitis research increased over the observed period from the 1980s until the last decade. Conclusion Albeit NSI research activity is generally increasing, the growth is asymmetrical from a global viewpoint. International strategies should be followed that put a focus on NSI in non-industrialized areas of the world. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00420-020-01547-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hannah Braumann
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Rolle
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Quarcoo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Doris Klingelhöfer
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Axel Fischer
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Nienhaus
- Competence Centre for Epidemiology and Health Services Research for Healthcare Professionals (CVcare), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Hazardous Substances and Public Health (AGG), Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dörthe Brüggmann
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Strauss M, Foshag P, Brzek A, Vollenberg R, Jehn U, Leischik R. Metabolic Syndrome in Female Police Officers and Female Office Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Occupations with Different Physical Activities. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3487-3495. [PMID: 33116700 PMCID: PMC7547286 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s267948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a worldwide major health problem. So far, there are limited data about the impact of occupation types and the development of metabolic risks in females. This study aimed to compare the metabolic risk profiles and in two extremely different female occupational groups: police officers (PO) and office workers (OW). METHODS The prospective study included a total number of 97 female subjects (37 POs and 60 OWs) from Germany. Anthropometric characteristics, metabolic risk parameters as well as laboratory parameters were taken. The diagnosis of MetS was based on the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). RESULTS Female OWs presented a high prevalence of obesity, shown in average abdominal waist circumference (85.3 ± 14.5 cm) above the threshold of ≥80 cm recommended by the IDF to define abdominal obesity. Sixty percent of OWs versus 25% of POs had an abnormal abdominal waist circumference. Concerning other metabolic risk factors (HDL, triglycerides, body mass index, blood pressure) no significant differences were found, but a tendency toward a higher prevalence of abnormal values is presented in OWs than POs. MetS was detected in almost 8% of OWs as compared with 5% in POs (p = 0.705). CONCLUSION In an international comparison, German female POs showed one of the lowest prevalence of MetS, whereas the prevalence in OWs is equal to results in other countries. In conclusion, especially the occupational type of female OWs presented elevated factors, that are associated with increased metabolic risk. There is a relevant need for further prospective studies with larger sample sizes in female workers to determine the influence between occupational type and metabolic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Strauss
- Department of Cardiology I- Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Cardiol, Muenster48149, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Sector Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Hagen58095, Germany
- Correspondence: Markus Strauss Department of Cardiology I- Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Cardiol48149, Muenster, Germany Email
| | - Peter Foshag
- Department of Cardiology, Sector Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Hagen58095, Germany
| | - Anna Brzek
- Department of Physiotherapy, Chair of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Richard Vollenberg
- Department of Medicine B, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster48149, Germany
| | - Ulrich Jehn
- Department of Medicine D, Division of General Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster48149, Germany
| | - Roman Leischik
- Department of Cardiology, Sector Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Hagen58095, Germany
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Arnold SM, Wickrematilake MSK, Fernando RMSD, Sampath HMRC, Karunapema RPP, Mahesh PKB, Munasinghe PM, Denawaka CJ. Occupational hazards in medium and large scale industrial sectors in Sri Lanka: experience of a developing country. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:755. [PMID: 31747965 PMCID: PMC6865055 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Occupational hazards is an area where many countries have begun to pay more emphasis as it affects the health of many particularly in developing countries. However, documented literature is scarce in this regard although occupational hazards are common in workplaces. The study was carried out with the objective of describing the physical hazards and control measures adopted in the formal medium and large-scale industrial sector in Sri Lanka. Results Of the 69 units of the 25 factories, physical hazards detected in the workplaces were; excessive noise (78.3%), poor light (58%), increased temperature (65.2%), and poor ventilation (68.1%). Over 50% of large machinery and 33% of medium-scale machinery were not adequately guarded. Nearly 41% of the machinery were difficult to operate, of them 36.2% had controls in positions which were hard to reach. Of safety measures adopted, only 34.8% had proper demarcation of areas with 28.9% displaying safety signs. Housekeeping was poor in 59.4% and less than 40% had safe storage of raw materials and end products.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Arnold
- Quarantine Unit, Ministry of Health, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka.
| | | | - R M S D Fernando
- Office of Regional Director of Health Services, Puttalam, Sri Lanka
| | | | - R P P Karunapema
- Health Promotion Bureau, Ministry of Health, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka
| | | | - P M Munasinghe
- Office of Regional Director of Heath Services, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - C J Denawaka
- Office of Medical Officer of Health, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka
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Literature Review of Policy Implications From Findings of the Center for Work, Health, and Well-being. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:868-876. [PMID: 31453894 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the publications of a Total Worker Health Center of Excellence, the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Center for Work, Health, and Well-being, in order to identify research findings relevant to either organizational or public policies. METHODS Two researchers independently reviewed 57 publications from 2011 to 2019 to identify cross-cutting themes that focus on working conditions or related health outcomes and their organizational and public policy implications. RESULTS Twelve cross-cutting themes were identified with their respective organizational and public policy implications. Several policy implications cut across work-related themes. CONCLUSIONS Policy implications of TWH research will aid in setting priorities to translate this from research into practice in future studies and help identify gaps that we and others can use to plan future TWH research.
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