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Jiang X, Peng Z, Zhang J. Starting with screening strains to construct synthetic microbial communities (SynComs) for traditional food fermentation. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114557. [PMID: 38945561 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
With the elucidation of community structures and assembly mechanisms in various fermented foods, core communities that significantly influence or guide fermentation have been pinpointed and used for exogenous restructuring into synthetic microbial communities (SynComs). These SynComs simulate ecological systems or function as adjuncts or substitutes in starters, and their efficacy has been widely verified. However, screening and assembly are still the main limiting factors for implementing theoretic SynComs, as desired strains cannot be effectively obtained and integrated. To expand strain screening methods suitable for SynComs in food fermentation, this review summarizes the recent research trends in using SynComs to study community evolution or interaction and improve the quality of food fermentation, as well as the specific process of constructing synthetic communities. The potential for novel screening modalities based on genes, enzymes and metabolites in food microbial screening is discussed, along with the emphasis on strategies to optimize assembly for facilitating the development of synthetic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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2
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Acosta-Vega L, Moreno DA, Cuéllar Álvarez LN. Arazá: Eugenia stipitata Mc Vaught as a Potential Functional Food. Foods 2024; 13:2310. [PMID: 39123500 PMCID: PMC11311875 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Arazá is a fruit native to the Amazonian region with characteristic properties such as aroma, texture, color, and marked acidity. Additionally, the fruit is rich in bioactive compounds in its three fractions (seed, pulp, and peel), such as ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds (and their derivatives), and carotenoids, which have been extensively investigated in the literature for their beneficial properties for human health. However, it is a little-known fruit, and the role it can play in health-promoting activities related to the treatment and prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) when incorporated into the diet is also unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to know the profile of bioactive compounds and the biological properties Arazá possesses, which is the aim of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Acosta-Vega
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales Amazónicos-GIPRONAZ, Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia 180001, Colombia;
| | - Diego A. Moreno
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Liceth N. Cuéllar Álvarez
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales Amazónicos-GIPRONAZ, Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia 180001, Colombia;
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3
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Fatima I, Safdar N, Akhtar W, Ayaz A, Ali S, Elansary HO, Moussa IM, Zaman W. Green solvent-based extraction of three Fabaceae species: A potential antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-leishmanial agents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33668. [PMID: 39044967 PMCID: PMC11263666 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Fabaceae is renowned for its diverse range of chemical compounds with significant biological activities, making it a valuable subject for pharmacological studies. The chemical composition and biological activities of three Fabaceae species were investigated using methanol separately and in combination with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and glycerol for extraction. The results revealed the highest phenolic (49.59 ± 0.38 mg gallic acid equivalent/g), flavonoid (29.16 ± 0.39 mg rutin equivalent/g), and alkaloid (14.23 ± 0.54 mg atropine equivalent/g) contents in the Caesalpinia decapetala methanol extracts. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and DNA protection activity were the highest (0.88 ± 0.43 μg/mL IC50 and 2149.26 band intensity) in Albizia julibrissin methanol extracts. The α-amylase activity was highest in all methanol extracts (<15 μg/mL IC50 values), while the α-glucosidase inhibition potential was highest (<1 μg/mL IC50 value) in the methanol-glycerol and methanol-DMSO extracts. Pearson coefficient analysis showed a strong positive correlation between the DPPH and α-amylase assays and phytochemicals. Anti-leishmanial activity was observed in decreasing order: A. julibrissin (74.75 %) > C. decapetala (70.86 %) > Indigofera atropurpurea (65.34 %). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed 33 volatile compounds and, aamong these (Z)-9-octadecenamide was detected in the highest concentration ranging from 21.85 to 38.61 %. Only the methanol extracts of the examined species could be assessed for in vivo studies for immediate applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Medicinal Botanic Center, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Naila Safdar
- Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Akhtar
- Department of Botany, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihab Mohamed Moussa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
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4
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Bauer I, Rimbach G, Cordeiro S, Bosy-Westphal A, Weghuber J, Ipharraguerre IR, Lüersen K. A comprehensive in-vitro/ in-vivo screening toolbox for the elucidation of glucose homeostasis modulating properties of plant extracts (from roots) and its bioactives. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1396292. [PMID: 38989154 PMCID: PMC11233739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1396292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts are increasingly recognized for their potential in modulating (postprandial) blood glucose levels. In this context, root extracts are of particular interest due to their high concentrations and often unique spectrum of plant bioactives. To identify new plant species with potential glucose-lowering activity, simple and robust methodologies are often required. For this narrative review, literature was sourced from scientific databases (primarily PubMed) in the period from June 2022 to January 2024. The regulatory targets of glucose homeostasis that could be modulated by bioactive plant compounds were used as search terms, either alone or in combination with the keyword "root extract". As a result, we present a comprehensive methodological toolbox for studying the glucose homeostasis modulating properties of plant extracts and its constituents. The described assays encompass in-vitro investigations involving enzyme inhibition (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase 4), assessment of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 activity, and evaluation of glucose transporter 4 translocation. Furthermore, we describe a patch-clamp technique to assess the impact of extracts on KATP channels. While validating in-vitro findings in living organisms is imperative, we introduce two screenable in-vivo models (the hen's egg test and Drosophila melanogaster). Given that evaluation of the bioactivity of plant extracts in rodents and humans represents the current gold standard, we include approaches addressing this aspect. In summary, this review offers a systematic guide for screening plant extracts regarding their influence on key regulatory elements of glucose homeostasis, culminating in the assessment of their potential efficacy in-vivo. Moreover, application of the presented toolbox might contribute to further close the knowledge gap on the precise mechanisms of action of plant-derived compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Bauer
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sönke Cordeiro
- Institute of Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Division of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julian Weghuber
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
- FFoQSI—Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Tulln, Austria
| | - Ignacio R. Ipharraguerre
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kai Lüersen
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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5
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Deveci E, Tel-Çayan G, Çayan F, Yılmaz Altınok B, Aktaş S. Characterization of Polysaccharide Extracts of Four Edible Mushrooms and Determination of In Vitro Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibition and Anticancer Activities. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25887-25901. [PMID: 38911755 PMCID: PMC11191116 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Mushroom polysaccharides are important bioactive compounds derived from mushrooms with various beneficial properties. In this study, the chemical characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharide extracts from four different edible mushrooms, Clavariadelphus truncatus Donk, Craterellus tubaeformis (Fr.) Quél., Hygrophorus pudorinus (Fr.) Fr., and Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer were studied. Glucose (13.24-56.02%), galactose (14.18-64.05%), mannose (2.18-18.13%), fucose (1.21-5.78%), and arabinose (0.04-5.43%) were identified in all polysaccharide extracts by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) confirmed the presence of characteristic carbohydrate patterns. 1H NMR suggested that all polysaccharide extracts had α- and β-d-mannopyranose, d-glucopyranose, d-galactopyranose, α-l-arabinofuranose, and α-l-fucopyranose residues. Approximate molecular weights of polysaccharide extracts were determined by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). The best antioxidant activity was found in M. procera polysaccharide extract in DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging (39.03% at 800 μg/mL), CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) (A0.50: 387.50 μg/mL), and PRAP (phosphomolybdenum reducing antioxidant power) (A0.50: 384.08 μg/mL) assays. C. truncatus polysaccharide extract showed the highest antioxidant activity in ABTS•+ scavenging (IC50: 734.09 μg/mL), β-carotene-linoleic acid (IC50: 472.16 μg/mL), and iron chelating (IC50: 180.35 μg/mL) assays. Significant anticancer activity was found in C. truncatus polysaccharide extract on HT-29 (IC50: 46.49 μg/mL) and HepG2 (IC50: 48.50 μg/mL) cell lines and H. pudorinus polysaccharide extract on the HeLa cell line (IC50: 51.64 μg/mL). Also, H. pudorinus polysaccharide extract possessed prominent AChE (acetylcholinesterase) inhibition activity (49.14% at 200 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Deveci
- Chemistry
and Chemical Processing Technology Department, Technical Sciences
Vocational School, Konya Technical University, Konya 42100, Turkey
| | - Gülsen Tel-Çayan
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Muğla Vocational
School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman
University, Muğla 48000, Turkey
| | - Fatih Çayan
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Muğla Vocational
School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman
University, Muğla 48000, Turkey
| | - Bahar Yılmaz Altınok
- Department
of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70000, Turkey
| | - Sinan Aktaş
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk
University, Konya 42100, Turkey
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6
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Basu S, Hendler-Neumark A, Bisker G. Monitoring Enzyme Activity Using Near-Infrared Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2237-2253. [PMID: 38669585 PMCID: PMC11129355 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes serve as pivotal biological catalysts that accelerate essential chemical reactions, thereby influencing a variety of physiological processes. Consequently, the monitoring of enzyme activity and inhibition not only yields crucial insights into health and disease conditions but also forms the basis of research in drug discovery, toxicology, and the understanding of disease mechanisms. In this context, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have emerged as effective tools for tracking enzyme activity and inhibition through diverse strategies. This perspective explores the physicochemical attributes of SWCNTs that render them well-suited for such monitoring. Additionally, we delve into the various strategies developed so far for successfully monitoring enzyme activity and inhibition, emphasizing the distinctive features of each principle. Furthermore, we contrast the benefits of SWCNT-based NIR probes with conventional gold standards in monitoring enzyme activity. Lastly, we highlight the current challenges faced in this field and suggest potential solutions to propel it forward. This perspective aims to contribute to the ongoing progress in biodiagnostics and seeks to engage the wider community in developing and applying enzymatic assays using SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srestha Basu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Adi Hendler-Neumark
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gili Bisker
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Center
for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Center
for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel
Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Center
for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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7
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Zhao X, Kolbinger FR, Distler M, Weitz J, Makarov D, Bachmann M, Baraban L. Portable droplet-based real-time monitoring of pancreatic α-amylase in postoperative patients. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116034. [PMID: 38359666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative complications after pancreatic surgery are frequent and can be life-threatening. Current clinical diagnostic strategies involve time-consuming quantification of α-amylase activity in abdominal drain fluid, which is performed on the first and third postoperative day. The lack of real-time monitoring may delay adjustment of medical treatment upon complications and worsen prognosis for patients. We report a bedside portable droplet-based millifluidic device enabling real-time sensing of drain α-amylase activity for postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery. Here, a tiny amount of drain liquid of patient samples is continuously collected and co-encapsulated with a starch reagent in nanoliter-sized droplets to track the fluorescence intensity released upon reaction with α-amylase. Comparing the α-amylase levels of 32 patients, 97 % of the results of the droplet-based millifluidic system matched the clinical data. Our method reduces the α-amylase assay duration to approximately 3 min with the limit of detection 7 nmol/s·L, enabling amylase activity monitoring at the bedside in clinical real-time. The presented droplet-based platform can be extended for analysis of different body fluids, diseases, and towards a broader range of biomarkers, including lipase, bilirubin, lactate, inflammation, or liquid biopsy markers, paving the way towards new standards in postoperative patient monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinne Zhao
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Fiona R Kolbinger
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav. Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany.
| | - Marius Distler
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav. Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav. Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Denys Makarov
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Larysa Baraban
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V, 01328, Dresden, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany.
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Lankatillake C, Huynh T, Dias DA. Abrus precatorius Leaf Extract Stimulates Insulin-mediated Muscle Glucose Uptake: In vitro Studies and Phytochemical Analysis. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:388-396. [PMID: 38490239 DOI: 10.1055/a-2281-0988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, linked with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, is a leading cause of mortality. Glucose uptake through glucose transporter type 4, especially in skeletal muscle, is crucial for maintaining euglycaemia and is a key pathway targeted by antidiabetic medication. Abrus precatorius is a medicinal plant with demonstrated antihyperglycaemic activity in animal models, but its mechanisms are unclear.This study evaluated the effect of a 50% ethanolic (v/v) A. precatorius leaf extract on (1) insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and (2) related gene expression in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using rosiglitazone as a positive control, and (3) generated a comprehensive phytochemical profile of A. precatorius leaf extract using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to elucidate its antidiabetic compounds. A. precatorius leaf extract significantly increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt substrate of 160 kDa gene expression; however, it had no effect on glucose transporter type 4 gene expression. At 250 µg/mL A. precatorius leaf extract, the increase in glucose uptake was significantly higher than 1 µM rosiglitazone. Fifty-five phytochemicals (primarily polyphenols, triterpenoids, saponins, and alkaloids) were putatively identified, including 24 that have not previously been reported from A. precatorius leaves. Abrusin, precatorin I, glycyrrhizin, hemiphloin, isohemiphloin, hispidulin 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, homoplantaginin, and cirsimaritin were putatively identified as known major compounds previously reported from A. precatorius leaf extract. A. precatorius leaves contain antidiabetic phytochemicals and enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in myotubes via the protein kinase B/phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway by regulating insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt substrate of 160 kDa gene expression. Therefore, A. precatorius leaves may improve skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and hyperglycaemia. Additionally, it is a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals with potential therapeutic use for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintha Lankatillake
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Tien Huynh
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Daniel A Dias
- ARC Training Centre for Hyphenated Analytical Separation Technologies (HyTECH), CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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Han L, Zhao D, Li Y, Jin J, El-Kott AF, Al-Saeed FA, Eldib AM. Assessment of the Anti-Breast Cancer Effects of Urolithin with Molecular Docking Studies in the In Vitro Condition: Introducing a Novel Chemotherapeutic Drug. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:554-566. [PMID: 37280483 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A lot of research has been done on using natural items as diabetes treatment. The molecular docking study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory activities of urolithin A against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and aldose reductase. The molecular docking calculations indicated the probable interactions and the characteristics of these contacts at an atomic level. The results of the docking calculations showed the docking score of urolithin A against α-amylase was -5.169 kcal/mol. This value for α-glucosidase and aldose reductase was -3.657 kcal/mol and -7.635 kcal/mol, respectively. In general, the outcomes of the docking calculations revealed that urolithin A can construct several hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts with the assessed enzymes and reduces their activities considerably. The properties of urolithin against common human breast cancer cell lines, i.e., SkBr3, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, Hs578T, Evsa-T, BT-549, AU565 and 600MPE were evaluated. The IC50 of the urolithin was 400, 443, 392, 418, 397, 530, 566 and 551 against SkBr3, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, Hs578T, Evsa-T, BT-549, AU565 and 600MPE, respectively. After doing the clinical trial studies, the recent molecule may be used as an anti-breast cancer supplement in humans. IC50 values of urolithin A on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and aldose reductase enzymes were obtained at 16.14, 1.06 and 98.73 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of General Surgery, Sijing Hospital of Songjiang District Shanghai, Shanghai, 201601, China
| | - Danbo Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, 436000, Hubei, China
| | - Ya Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jianwei Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Fatimah A Al-Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Eldib
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
- Alrayan Medical Colleges (AMC), Hejrah Street, P. O. Box 41411, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Ismat F, Tariq A, Shaheen A, Ullah R, Raheem K, Muddassar M, Mahboob S, Abbas W, Iqbal M, Rahman M. Inhibition of NS2B-NS3 protease from all four serotypes of dengue virus by punicalagin, punicalin and ellagic acid identified from Punica granatum. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38373021 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2314258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite a major threat to the public health in tropical and subtropical regions, dengue virus (DENV) infections are untreatable. Therefore, efforts are needed to investigate cost-effective therapeutic agents that could cure DENV infections in future. The NS2B-NS3 protease encoded by the genome of DENV is considered a critical target for the development of anti-dengue drugs. The objective of the current study was to find out a specific inhibitor of the NS2B-NS3 proteases from all four serotypes of DENV. To begin with, nine plant extracts with a medicinal history were evaluated for their role in inhibiting the NS2B-NS3 proteases by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) assay. Among the tested extracts, Punica granatum was found to be the most effective one. The metabolic profiling of this extract revealed the presence of several active compounds, including ellagic acid, punicalin and punicalagin, which are well-established antiviral agents. Further evaluation of IC50 values of these three antiviral molecules revealed punicalagin as the most potent anti-NS2B-NS3 protease drug with IC50 of 0.91 ± 0.10, 0.75 ± 0.05, 0.42 ± 0.03, 1.80 ± 0.16 µM against proteases from serotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The docking studies demonstrated that these compounds interacted at the active site of the enzyme, mainly with His and Ser residues. Molecular dynamics simulations analysis also showed the structural stability of the NS2B-NS3 proteases in the presence of punicalagin. In summary, this study concludes that the punicalagin can act as an effective inhibitor against NS2B-NS3 proteases from all four serotypes of DENV.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Ismat
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Anam Tariq
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Shaheen
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Raheem Ullah
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kayode Raheem
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Muddassar
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Mahboob
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Abbas
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Iqbal
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Moazur Rahman
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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11
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Mofidi SSH, Naghavi MR, Sabokdast M, Jariani P, Zargar M, Cornish K. Effect of drought stress on natural rubber biosynthesis and quality in Taraxacum kok-saghyz roots. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295694. [PMID: 38252676 PMCID: PMC10802950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS) is a potential source of natural rubber (NR) that can be grown in temperate regions with limited water availability. However, the effect of drought stress on NR production and properties in TKS isn't well studied. This study examined how different levels of drought stress (30, 60 and 90%) influenced the NR content, molecular weight (Mw), glass transition temperature (Tg), gene expression, and biochemical parameters in TKS roots. The results showed that drought stress didn't significantly change the NR content, but increased the Mw and the expression of CPT and SRPP genes, which are involved in NR biosynthesis. The NR from TKS roots (TNR) had a high Mw of 994,000 g/mol and a low Tg of below -60°C under normal irrigation, indicating its suitability for industrial applications. Drought stress also triggered the accumulation of proline, H2O2, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APX, GPX) in TKS roots significantly, indicating a drought tolerance mechanism. These findings suggest that TKS can produce high-quality NR under drought stress conditions and provide a sustainable alternative to conventional NR sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Shahab Hedayat Mofidi
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Naghavi
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Agriculture, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Manijeh Sabokdast
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Parisa Jariani
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Meisam Zargar
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Agriculture, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Katrina Cornish
- Departments of Horticulture and Crop Science, and Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States of America
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12
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Calonico K, De La Rosa-Millan J. Digestion-Related Enzyme Inhibition Potential of Selected Mexican Medicinal Plants ( Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven, Cnidoscolus aconitifolius and Crotalaria longirostrata). Foods 2023; 12:3529. [PMID: 37835184 PMCID: PMC10572748 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants offer a valuable source of natural compounds with specific and selective bioactivity. These compounds have been isolated since the mid-nineteenth century and are now commonly used in modern medications. L. octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven, C. aconitifolius, and C. longirostrata are Mexican medicinal plants consumed regularly, and research has shown that they contain bioactive compounds capable of promoting the inhibition of digestive enzymes. This is noteworthy since enzyme inhibitors are bioactive substances that interact with enzymes, diminishing their activity and thereby contributing to the management of diseases and metabolic disturbances. To investigate the activity of these plants, individual analyses were conducted, assessing their proximal composition, bioactive compounds, and inhibition of α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, lipase, and pepsin. The results revealed that all three plants exhibited enzymatic inhibition. When comparing the plants, it was determined that C. aconitifolius had the lowest concentration required for a 50% inhibition in α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, and lipase, as indicated by the IC50 values. For pepsin, C. longirostrata demonstrated the lowest IC50 value. By understanding the bioactive compounds present in these plants, we can establish the relationship they have with enzymatic inhibition, which can be utilized for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Calonico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, BioFoods Research Lab, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Tecnologico, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico;
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13
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Steyn-Ross ML, Steyn-Ross DA, Prentice EJ, Walker EJ, Arcus VL. Evidence for a short-lived resonance state in enzyme catalysis via rate-equation convolution. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:064407. [PMID: 37464627 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.064407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
At the cellular level, all biological function relies on enzymes to provide catalytic acceleration of essential biochemical processes driving cellular metabolism. The enzyme is presumed to lower the activation energy barrier separating reactants from products, but the precise mechanism remains unresolved. Here we examine the temperature dependence of the enzyme-catalyzed dissociation of p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG), a chromogenic analog for maltose, isomaltose, and sucrose disaccharide sugars, into p-nitrophenol (pNP) and glucose (monosaccharide). The enzymes of interest are the wild type and mutant forms of glucosidase MalL produced by the probiotic bacterium Bacillus subtilis. The per-enzyme production rates k(T) for the pNPG→ glucose reaction all show a characteristic temperature profile with an Arrhenius-like (approximately exponential) slow acceleration at low temperatures, rising through a point of inflexion to reach a maximum, then turning over to decline steeply towards zero production at high temperatures. This asymmetric profile is found to be well fitted by convolving an exponential growth function f(T) with a Gaussian temperature distribution g(T) to produce an exponentially modified Gaussian function h(T). To give a physical interpretation of the convolution components, we make the temperature mapping Θ≡T_{ref}-T where T_{ref} marks the temperature at which a given mutant becomes fully denatured (unfolded) and therefore inactive, then convert the convolution components to probability density functions which obey the convolution theorem of statistics. Working in Θ space, we identify f(Θ) as the density function for an Arrhenius-like transition from ground-state A to metastable-state B, and g(Θ) as the Gaussian distribution of offset-temperature fluctuations for the metastable state. By mapping the standard thermodynamic relations for temperature and energy fluctuations to the enzyme frame of reference, we are able to derive an expression for the lifetime for the metastable B state. For the 15 enzyme experiments, we obtain a mean value 〈Δt〉≳(29.0±1.3)×10^{-15}s, in remarkably good agreement with the ∼30-fs estimate for the period of glycosidic bond oscillations extracted from published infrared spectroscopy. We suggest that the metastable B state provides a low-energy target that has the effect of lowering the activation energy barrier by presenting an alternative axis for the reaction coordinate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emma J Walker
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - V L Arcus
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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14
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García-Chacón J, Marín-Loaiza JC, Osorio C. Camu Camu ( Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh): An Amazonian Fruit with Biofunctional Properties-A Review. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:5169-5183. [PMID: 36816657 PMCID: PMC9933082 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Amazonian Camu camu fruit (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh) has been called a "superfruit" due to its high levels of bioactive and antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamin C. The biofunctional properties of camu camu fruit (including pulp, peel, and seeds) have been well established through several in vitro and in vivo studies. Several reports confirmed the nutritious and biofunctional value of camu camu extracts or its food-derived products, exhibiting antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, and antiobesity activity, contributing to quality life improvement. Other studies showed antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antihepatotoxic, antihemolytic, antimutagenic, and cell rejuvenation bioactivities. This Review summarizes the bioactive profile of camu camu fruit through the understanding of some physiological modulation processes and its contribution to the Amazon bioeconomy under the development of biofunctional food ingredients exhibiting health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Coralia Osorio
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Colombia, AA 14490 Bogotá, Colombia
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15
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Identification of promising multi-targeting inhibitors of obesity from Vernonia amygdalina through computational analysis. Mol Divers 2023; 27:1-25. [PMID: 35179699 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vernonia amygdalina, a widely consumed West African food herb, can be a boon in the discovery of safe anti-obesity agents given the extensive reports on its anti-obesity and antidiabetic potentials. The main aim of this study was to screen 78 Vernonia-Derived Phytocompounds (VDPs) against the active site regions of Human Pancreatic Lipase (HPL), Human Pancreatic Amylase and Human Glucosidase (HG) as drug targets associated with obesity in silico. Structure-based virtual screening helped to identify Luteolin 7-O-glucuronoside and Andrographidoid D2 as hit compounds with dual targeting tendency towards the HPL and HG. Analysis of the molecular dynamic simulation trajectory files of the ligand-receptor complexes as computed from the thermodynamic parameters plots showed not only increased flexibility and greater interaction potential of the active site residues of the receptor towards the VDPs as indicated by the root mean square fluctuation but also higher stability as indicated by the root mean square deviation, radius of gyration and number of hydrogen bonds. The cluster analysis further showed that the interactions with important residues were preserved in the dynamic environment. These observations were further verified from Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area Analysis, which also showed that residual contributions to the binding free energies were mainly from catalytic residues at the active sites of the enzymes. The hit compounds also feature desirable physicochemical properties and drug-likeness. This study provides in silico evidence for the inhibitory potential of phytochemicals from Vernonia amygdalina against two target enzymes in obesity.
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16
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Enzyme Inhibitors from Gorgonians and Soft Corals. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020104. [PMID: 36827145 PMCID: PMC9963996 DOI: 10.3390/md21020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, gorgonians and soft corals have been considered promising sources of bioactive compounds, attracting the interest of scientists from different fields. As the most abundant bioactive compounds within these organisms, terpenoids, steroids, and alkaloids have received the highest coverage in the scientific literature. However, enzyme inhibitors, a functional class of bioactive compounds with high potential for industry and biomedicine, have received much less notoriety. Thus, we revised scientific literature (1974-2022) on the field of marine natural products searching for enzyme inhibitors isolated from these taxonomic groups. In this review, we present representative enzyme inhibitors from an enzymological perspective, highlighting, when available, data on specific targets, structures, potencies, mechanisms of inhibition, and physiological roles for these molecules. As most of the characterization studies for the new inhibitors remain incomplete, we also included a methodological section presenting a general strategy to face this goal by accomplishing STRENDA (Standards for Reporting Enzymology Data) project guidelines.
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17
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Luca SV, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Trifan A. Post-Distillation By-Products of Aromatic Plants from Lamiaceae Family as Rich Sources of Antioxidants and Enzyme Inhibitors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010210. [PMID: 36671072 PMCID: PMC9855019 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently no use for the vast quantities of post-distillation by-products, such as spent plant materials and residual waters, produced by the essential oil (EO) industry of aromatic herbs. In this study, the EOs of three Lamiaceae species (thyme, oregano, and basil) and their total, spent, and residual water extracts were phytochemically characterized and biologically assessed. The collected information was put through a series of analyses, including principal component analysis, heatmap analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis. Concerning the EOs, 58 volatile compounds were present in thyme (e.g., p-cymene, thymol), 44 compounds in oregano (e.g., thymol, carvacrol), and 67 compounds in basil (e.g., eucalyptol, linalool, estragole, (E)-methyl cinnamate). The LC-HRMS/MS analysis of the total, spent, and residual water extracts showed the presence of 31 compounds in thyme (e.g., quercetin-O-hexoside, pebrellin, eriodictyol), 31 compounds in oregano (e.g., rosmarinic acid, apigenin, kaempferol, salvianolic acids I, B, and E), and 25 compounds in basil (e.g., fertaric acid, cichoric acid, caftaric acid, salvianolic acid A). The EOs of the three Lamiaceae species showed the highest metal-reducing properties (up to 1792.32 mg TE/g in the CUPRAC assay), whereas the spent extracts of oregano and basil displayed very high radical-scavenging properties (up to 266.59 mg TE/g in DPPH assay). All extracts exhibited anti-acetylcholinesterase (up to 3.29 mg GALAE/g), anti-tyrosinase (up to 70.00 mg KAE/g), anti-amylase (up to 0.66 mmol ACAE/g), and anti-glucosidase (up to 1.22 mmol ACAE/g) effects. Thus, the present research demonstrated that both the raw extracts (EOs and total extracts) and the post-distillation by-products (spent material and residual water extracts) are rich in bioactive metabolites with antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.V.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
- Correspondence: (S.V.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | | | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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18
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Belaabed S, Khalfaoui A, Parisi V, Santoro V, Russo D, Ponticelli M, Monné M, Rebbas K, Milella L, Donadio G. Rhanteriol, a New Rhanterium suaveolens Desf. Lignan with Pharmacological Potential as an Inhibitor of Enzymes Involved in Neurodegeneration and Type 2 Diabetes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020301. [PMID: 36679017 PMCID: PMC9865629 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Several specialized plant metabolites are reported to be enzyme inhibitors. In this investigation, the phytochemical composition and the biological activity of Rhanterium suaveolens Desf. were studied. One new lignan (rhanteriol 1) and seven known secondary metabolites were isolated from the aerial parts of R. suaveolens by using different chromatographic procedures. The biological properties of the R. suaveolens extracts and the new compound were evaluated by measuring their ability to inhibit the cholinesterase and carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, using cell-free in vitro methods. The new lignan, rhanteriol, was shown to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 46.42 ± 3.25 μM and 26.76 ± 3.29 μM, respectively), as well as butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 10.41 ± 0.03 μM), with an effect comparable to that of the respective standards, acarbose and galantamine. Furthermore, docking studies were performed suggesting the interaction mode of rhanteriol with the active sites of the investigated enzymes. The obtained data demonstrated that the aerial part of R. suaveolens could represent a source of active molecules, such as rhanteriol, usable in the development of treatments for preventing or treating type 2 diabetes mellitus and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumia Belaabed
- Department of Chemistry, Research Unit, Development of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules, Physicochemical and Biological Analysis, University Mentouri, Route Ain ElBey, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Ayoub Khalfaoui
- Department of Chemistry, Research Unit, Development of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules, Physicochemical and Biological Analysis, University Mentouri, Route Ain ElBey, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Valentina Parisi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Valentina Santoro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Daniela Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale Dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Ponticelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Magnus Monné
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Khellaf Rebbas
- Natural and Life Sciences Department, Mohamed Boudiaf University, M’Sila 28000, Algeria
| | - Luigi Milella
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Giuliana Donadio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
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19
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Barber E, Houghton MJ, Visvanathan R, Williamson G. Measuring key human carbohydrate digestive enzyme activities using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:2882-2919. [PMID: 36180531 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-022-00736-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate digestion in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract is catalyzed by α-amylases and α-glucosidases to produce monosaccharides for absorption. Inhibition of these enzymes is the major activity of the drugs acarbose and miglitol, which are used to manage diabetes. Furthermore, delaying carbohydrate digestion via inhibition of α-amylases and α-glucosidases is an effective strategy to blunt blood glucose spikes, a major risk factor for developing metabolic diseases. Here, we present an in vitro protocol developed to accurately and specifically assess the activity of α-amylases and α-glucosidases, including sucrase, maltase and isomaltase. The assay is especially suitable for measuring inhibition by compounds, drugs and extracts, with minimal interference from impurities or endogenous components, because the substrates and digestive products in the enzyme activity assays are quantified directly by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAE-PAD). Multiple enzyme sources can be used, but here we present the protocol using commercially available human α-amylase to assess starch hydrolysis with maltoheptaose as the substrate, and with brush border sucrase-isomaltase (with maltase, sucrase and isomaltase activities) derived from differentiated human intestinal Caco-2(/TC7) cells to assess hydrolysis of disaccharides. The wet-lab assay takes ~2-5 h depending on the number of samples, and the HPAE-PAD analysis takes 35 min per sample. A full dataset therefore takes 1-3 d and allows detection of subtle changes in enzyme activity with high sensitivity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Barber
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J Houghton
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rizliya Visvanathan
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia.
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20
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Fadimu GJ, Farahnaky A, Gill H, Olalere OA, Gan CY, Truong T. In-Silico Analysis and Antidiabetic Effect of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Peptides from Lupin Protein Hydrolysate: Enzyme-Peptide Interaction Study Using Molecular Docking Approach. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213375. [PMID: 36359988 PMCID: PMC9656729 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of natural ingredients for managing diabetes is becoming more popular in recent times due to the several adverse effects associated with synthetic antidiabetic medications. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antidiabetic potential (through inhibition of α-glucosidase (AG) and α-amylase (AA)) of hydrolysates from lupin proteins pretreated with ultrasound and hydrolyzed using alcalase (ACT) and flavourzyme (FCT). We further fractionated ACT and FCT into three molecular weight fractions. Unfractionated ACT and FCT showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher AG (IC50 value = 1.65 mg/mL and 1.91 mg/mL) and AA (IC50 value = 1.66 mg/mL and 1.98 mg/mL) inhibitory activities than their ultrafiltrated fractions, where lower IC50 values indicate higher inhibitory activities. Then, ACT and FCT were subjected to peptide sequencing using LC-MS-QTOF to identify the potential AG and AA inhibitors. Molecular docking was performed on peptides with the highest number of hotspots and PeptideRanker score to study their interactions with AG and AA enzymes. Among the peptides identified, SPRRF, FE, and RR were predicted to be the most active peptides against AG, while AA inhibitors were predicted to be RPR, PPGIP, and LRP. Overall, hydrolysates prepared from lupin proteins using alcalase and flavourzyme may be useful in formulating functional food for managing diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gbemisola J. Fadimu
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Asgar Farahnaky
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Harsharn Gill
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Olusegun A. Olalere
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Center (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, University Innovation Incubator Building, SAINS@USM Campus, Bayan Baru 11900, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Yuen Gan
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Center (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, University Innovation Incubator Building, SAINS@USM Campus, Bayan Baru 11900, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Tuyen Truong
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, RMIT Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9925-7242
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21
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Improvement of photochemical and enzyme inhibition properties of new BODIPY compound by conjugation with cisplatin. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Miller N, Joubert E. Critical Assessment of In Vitro Screening of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Plants with Acarbose as a Reference Standard. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1078-1091. [PMID: 34662924 DOI: 10.1055/a-1557-7379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Postprandial hyperglycemia is treated with the oral antidiabetic drug acarbose, an intestinal α-glucosidase inhibitor. Side effects of acarbose motivated a growing number of screening studies to identify novel α-glucosidase inhibitors derived from plant extracts and other natural sources. As "gold standard", acarbose is frequently included as the reference standard to assess the potency of these candidate α-glucosidase inhibitors, with many outperforming acarbose by several orders of magnitude. The results are subsequently used to identify suitable compounds/products with strong potential for in vivo efficacy. However, most α-glucosidase inhibitor screening studies use enzyme preparations obtained from nonmammalian sources (typically Saccharomyces cerevisiae), despite strong evidence that inhibition data obtained using nonmammalian α-glucosidase may hold limited value in terms of identifying α-glucosidase inhibitors with actual in vivo hypoglycemic potential. The aim was to critically discuss the screening of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors from plant sources, emphasizing inconsistencies and pitfalls, specifically where acarbose was included as the reference standard. An assessment of the available literature emphasized the cruciality of stating the biological source of α-glucosidase in such screening studies to allow for unambiguous and rational interpretation of the data. The review also highlights the lack of a universally adopted screening assay for novel α-glucosidase inhibitors and the commercial availability of a standardized preparation of mammalian α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Miller
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest & Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest & Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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23
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Mohammadi-Liri A, Parsa-Khankandi H, Dehnoee A, Mojtabavi S, Faramarzi MA, Delnavazi MR. α-Glucosidase inhibitors from the aerial part of Thymus fedtschenkoi: isolation, kinetic and molecular docking study. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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The In Vitro Inhibitory Effect of Selected Asteraceae Plants on Pancreatic Lipase Followed by Phenolic Content Identification through Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911204. [PMID: 36232503 PMCID: PMC9569725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic lipase (PNLIP, EC 3.1.1.3) plays a pivotal role in the digestion of dietary lipids, a metabolic pathway directly related to obesity. One of the effective strategies in obesity treatment is the inhibition of PNLIP, which is possible to be achieved by specific phenolic compounds occurring in high abundance in some plants. In this study, a multidisciplinary approach is presented investigating the PNLIP inhibitory effect of 33 plants belonging in the Asteraceae botanical family. In the first stage of the study, a rapid and cost-efficient PNLIP assay in a 96-microwell plate format was developed and important parameters were optimized, e.g., the enzyme substrate. Upon PNLIP assay optimization, aqueous and dichloromethane Asteraceae plant extracts were tested and a cut-off inhibition level was set to further analyze only the samples with a significant inhibitory effect (inhibitory rate > 40%), using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-q-TOF-MS) method. Specifically, a metabolomic suspect screening was performed and 69 phenolic compounds were tentatively identified, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavonoid-3-O-glycosides, and flavonoid-7-O-glycosides, amongst others. In the case of aqueous extracts, phytochemicals known for inducing PNLIP inhibitory effect, e.g., compounds containing galloyl molecules or caffeoylquinic acids, were monitored in Chrysanthemum morifolium, Grindella camporum and Hieracium pilosella extracts. All in all, the presented approach combines in vitro bioactivity measurements to high-end metabolomics to identify phenolic compounds with potential medicinal and/or dietary applications.
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Limcharoen T, Pouyfung P, Ngamdokmai N, Prasopthum A, Ahmad AR, Wisdawati W, Prugsakij W, Warinhomhoun S. Inhibition of α-Glucosidase and Pancreatic Lipase Properties of Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. (Kratom) Leaves. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193909. [PMID: 36235558 PMCID: PMC9572452 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil.) has been used to reduce blood sugar and lipid profiles in traditional medicine, and mitragynine is a major constituent in kratom leaves. Previous data on the blood sugar and lipid-altering effects of kratom are limited. In this study, phytochemical analyses of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, quercetin, and rutin were performed in kratom extracts. The effects on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities were investigated in kratom extracts and mitragynine. The LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the mitragynine, quercetin, and rutin contents from kratom extracts were different. The ethanol extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total alkaloid content (TAC). Additionally, compared to methanol and aqueous extracts, the ethanol extract showed the strongest inhibition activity against α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. Compared with the anti-diabetic agent acarbose, mitragynine showed the most potent α-glucosidase inhibition, with less potent activity of pancreatic lipase inhibition. Analysis of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase kinetics revealed that mitragynine inhibited noncompetitive and competitive effects, respectively. Combining mitragynine with acarbose resulted in a synergistic interaction with α-glucosidase inhibition. These results have established the potential of mitragynine from kratom as a herbal supplement for the treatment and prevention of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanchanok Limcharoen
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Phisit Pouyfung
- Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Ngamrayu Ngamdokmai
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Aruna Prasopthum
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Biomass and Oil Palm Center of Excellent, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas of Muslim Indonesia, Makassar 90241, Indonesia
| | - Wisdawati Wisdawati
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas of Muslim Indonesia, Makassar 90241, Indonesia
| | - Woraanong Prugsakij
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sakan Warinhomhoun
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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Ogunyemi OM, Gyebi GA, Saheed A, Paul J, Nwaneri-Chidozie V, Olorundare O, Adebayo J, Koketsu M, Aljarba N, Alkahtani S, Batiha GES, Olaiya CO. Inhibition mechanism of alpha-amylase, a diabetes target, by a steroidal pregnane and pregnane glycosides derived from Gongronema latifolium Benth. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:866719. [PMID: 36032689 PMCID: PMC9399641 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.866719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-amylase is widely exploited as a drug target for preventing postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Inhibition of this enzyme by plant-derived pregnanes is not fully understood. Herein, we used in vitro, in silico, and in vivo studies to provide further insights into the alpha-amylase inhibitory potential of selected pregnane-rich chromatographic fractions and four steroidal pregnane phytochemicals (SPPs), viz: marsectohexol (P1), 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→14)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl]-11,12-di-O-tigloyl-17β-marsdenin (P2), 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl]-17β-marsdenin (P3), and 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-canaropyranosyl]-17β-marsdenin (P4) derived from Gongronema latifolium Benth. The results revealed that the SPPs source pregnane-rich chromatographic fractions and the SPPs (P1–P4) exhibited inhibitory potential against porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase in vitro. Compounds P1 and P2 with IC50 values 10.01 and 12.10 µM, respectively, showed greater inhibitory potential than the reference acarbose (IC50 = 13.47 µM). Molecular docking analysis suggests that the SPPs had a strong binding affinity to porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase (PPA), human pancreatic alpha-amylase (HPA), and human salivary alpha-amylase (HSA), interacting with the key active site residues through an array of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The strong interactions of the SPPs with Glu233 and Asp300 residues may disrupt their roles in the acid-base catalytic mechanism and proper orientation of the polymeric substrates, respectively. The interactions with human pancreatic amylase were maintained in a dynamic environment as indicated by the root mean square deviation, radius of gyration, surface accessible surface area, and number of hydrogen bonds computed from the trajectories obtained from a 100-ns molecular dynamics simulation. Key loop regions of HPA that contribute to substrate binding exhibited flexibility and interaction potential toward the compounds as indicated by the root mean square fluctuation. Furthermore, P1 significantly reduced blood glucose levels and area under the curve in albino rats which were orally challenged with starch. Therefore, Gongronema latifolium and its constituent SPPs may be exploited as inhibitors of pancreatic alpha-amylase as an oral policy for impeding postprandial blood glucose rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oludare M. Ogunyemi
- Human Nutraceuticals and Bioinformatics Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Salem University, Lokoja, Nigeria
- Nutritional and Industrial Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- *Correspondence: Oludare M. Ogunyemi, ; Gideon A. Gyebi,
| | - Gideon A. Gyebi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Bingham University, Nasarawa, Nigeria
- Natural Products and Structural (Bio-Chem)-informatics Research Laboratory (NpsBC-Rl), Bingham University, Nasarawa, Nigeria
- *Correspondence: Oludare M. Ogunyemi, ; Gideon A. Gyebi,
| | - Afolabi Saheed
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Jesse Paul
- Human Nutraceuticals and Bioinformatics Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Salem University, Lokoja, Nigeria
| | - Victoria Nwaneri-Chidozie
- Human Nutraceuticals and Bioinformatics Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Salem University, Lokoja, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Olorundare
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Adebayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Mamoru Koketsu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nada Aljarba
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Charles O. Olaiya
- Nutritional and Industrial Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Singh M, Thrimawithana T, Shukla R, Benu Adhikari. Inhibition of enzymes associated with obesity by the polyphenol-rich extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Uddin S, Brooks PR, Tran TD. Chemical Characterization, α-Glucosidase, α-Amylase and Lipase Inhibitory Properties of the Australian Honey Bee Propolis. Foods 2022; 11:1964. [PMID: 35804780 PMCID: PMC9266216 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of functional foods and nutraceuticals as a complementary therapy for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes and obesity has steadily increased over the past few decades. With the aim of exploring the therapeutic potentials of Australian propolis, this study reports the chemical and biological investigation of a propolis sample collected in the Queensland state of Australia which exhibited a potent activity in an in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory screening. The chemical investigation of the propolis resulted in the identification of six known prenylated flavonoids including propolins C, D, F, G, H, and solophenol D. These compounds potently inhibited the α-glucosidase and two other enzymes associated with diabetes and obesity, α-amylase, and lipase on in vitro and in silico assays. These findings suggest that this propolis is a potential source for the development of a functional food to prevent type 2 diabetes and obesity. The chemical analysis revealed that this propolis possessed a chemical fingerprint relatively similar to the Pacific propolis found in Okinawa (South of Japan), Taiwan, and the Solomon Islands. This is the first time the Pacific propolis has been identified in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Uddin
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; (S.U.); (P.R.B.)
| | - Peter R. Brooks
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; (S.U.); (P.R.B.)
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Trong D. Tran
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; (S.U.); (P.R.B.)
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
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29
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Fadimu GJ, Gill H, Farahnaky A, Truong T. Improving the enzymolysis efficiency of lupin protein by ultrasound pretreatment: Effect on antihypertensive, antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of the hydrolysates. Food Chem 2022; 383:132457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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30
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Exploration of the Interactions between Maltase–Glucoamylase and Its Potential Peptide Inhibitors by Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder, represents a serious threat to human health. The gut enzyme maltase–glucoamylase (MGAM) has attracted considerable attention as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Thus, developing novel inhibitors of MGAM holds the promise of improving clinical management. The dipeptides, Thr-Trp (TW) and Trp-Ala (WA), are known inhibitors of MGAM; however, studies on how they interact with MGAM are lacking. The work presented here explored these interactions by utilizing molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Results indicate that the active center of the MGAM could easily accommodate the flexible peptides. Interactions involving hydrogen bonds, cation-π, and hydrophobic interactions are predicted between TW/WA and residues including Tyr1251, Trp1355, Asp1420, Met1421, Glu1423, and Arg1510 within MGAM. The electrostatic energy was recognized as playing a dominant role in both TW-MGAM and WA-MGAM systems. The binding locations of TW/WA are close to the possible acid-base catalytic residue Asp1526 and might be the reason for MGAM inhibition. These findings provide a theoretical structural model for the development of future inhibitors.
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31
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Akbari B, Baghaei-Yazdi N, Bahmaie M, Mahdavi Abhari F. The role of plant-derived natural antioxidants in reduction of oxidative stress. Biofactors 2022; 48:611-633. [PMID: 35229925 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals are a group of damaging molecules produced during the normal metabolism of cells in the human body. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation, cigarette smoking, and other environmental pollutants enhances free radicals in the human body. The destructive effects of free radicals may also cause harm to membranes, enzymes, and DNA, leading to several human diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, malaria, coronavirus disease (COVID-19), rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative illnesses. This process occurs when there is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant defenses. Since antioxidants scavenge free radicals and repair damaged cells, increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables containing high antioxidant values is recommended to slow down oxidative stress in the body. Additionally, natural products demonstrated a wide range of biological impacts such as anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-atherosclerosis, and anti-cancer properties. Hence, in this review article, our goal is to explore the role of natural therapeutic antioxidant effects to reduce oxidative stress in the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Akbari
- School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Namdar Baghaei-Yazdi
- College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Manochehr Bahmaie
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
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Fadimu GJ, Farahnaky A, Gill H, Truong T. Influence of ultrasonic pretreatment on structural properties and biological activities of lupin protein hydrolysate. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gbemisola J. Fadimu
- School of Science RMIT University GPO Box 2476 Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia
| | - Asgar Farahnaky
- School of Science RMIT University GPO Box 2476 Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia
| | - Harsharn Gill
- School of Science RMIT University GPO Box 2476 Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia
| | - Tuyen Truong
- School of Science RMIT University GPO Box 2476 Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia
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33
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Li P, He FQ, Ma XH, Jin L, Chen J. Dopamine-polyethyleneimine co-deposition of a capillary for α-glucosidase immobilization and its application in enzyme inhibitor screening. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2081-2086. [PMID: 34347304 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An online method based on CE was established to screen α-glucosidase inhibitors from traditional Tibetan medicine extracts. First, the inner wall at the inlet of capillary column was simply and effectively functionalized by dopamine-polyethyleneimine co-deposition method, which combines the adhesion property of dopamine and easy cationization of polyethyleneimine. Then α-glucosidase was rapidly immobilized on the inner wall of the capillary column by electrostatic adsorption. The inter- and intraday repeatability of the peak area of the enzymatic reaction product (p-nitrophenol) in a capillary was evaluated, and RSD% (n = 3) was 0.94% and 1.09%, respectively. Good batch-to-batch reproducibility of the peak area between different capillaries (RSD = 2.1%, n = 5) shows that the preparation method has good reproducibility. The Michaelis-Menten constant of the immobilized α-glucosidase was measured to be 1.18 mM, and the capillary column enzyme reactor retained 85.9% of initial activity after 30 cycles. Finally, it was applied to the screening of enzyme inhibitors in 20 traditional Tibetan medicine extracts. Sixteen medicines with inhibitory activity were screened out, and Rheum australe had the strongest inhibitory effect with an inhibitory rate of 83.3 ± 0.4%. These results showed that this method is effective to find potential enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Qin He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ling Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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Alacid Y, Martínez-Tomé MJ, Mateo CR. Reusable Fluorescent Nanobiosensor Integrated in a Multiwell Plate for Screening and Quantification of Antidiabetic Drugs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25624-25634. [PMID: 34043318 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A highly stable and reusable fluorescent multisample nanobiosensor for the detection of α-glucosidase inhibitors has been developed by coupling fluorescent liposomal nanoparticles based on conjugated polymers (L-CPNs) to the enzyme α-glucosidase, one of the main target enzymes in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The mechanism of sensing is based on the fluorescence "turn-on" of L-CPNs by p-nitrophenol (PNP), the end product of the enzymatic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside. L-CPNs, composed of lipid vesicles coated with a blue-emitting cationic polyfluorene, were designed and characterized to obtain a good response to PNP. Two nanobiosensor configurations were developed in this study. In the first step, a single-sample nanobiosensor composed of L-CPNs and α-glucosidase entrapped in a sol-gel glass was developed in order to characterize and optimize the device. In the second part, the nanobiosensor was integrated and adapted to a multiwell microplate and the possibility of reusing it and performing multiple measurements simultaneously with samples containing different α-glucosidase inhibitors was investigated. Using super-resolution confocal microscopy, L-CPNs could be visualized within the sol-gel matrix, and the quenching of their fluorescence, induced by the substrate, was directly observed in situ. The device was also shown to be useful not only as a platform for screening of antidiabetic drugs but also for quantifying their presence. The latter application was successfully tested with the currently available drug, acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Alacid
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - María José Martínez-Tomé
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
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