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He YQ, Zhou CC, Jiang SG, Lan WQ, Zhang F, Tao X, Chen WS. Natural products for the treatment of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment and prospects of nose-to-brain drug delivery. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1292807. [PMID: 38348396 PMCID: PMC10859466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1292807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-related cognitive deficits (CRCI) as one of the common adverse drug reactions during chemotherapy that manifest as memory, attention, and executive function impairments. However, there are still no effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of CRCI. Natural compounds have always inspired drug development and numerous natural products have shown potential therapeutic effects on CRCI. Nevertheless, improving the brain targeting of natural compounds in the treatment of CRCI is still a problem to be overcome at present and in the future. Accumulated evidence shows that nose-to-brain drug delivery may be an excellent carrier for natural compounds. Therefore, we reviewed natural products with potential anti-CRCI, focusing on the signaling pathway of these drugs' anti-CRCI effects, as well as the possibility and prospect of treating CRCI with natural compounds based on nose-to-brain drug delivery in the future. In conclusion, this review provides new insights to further explore natural products in the treatment of CRCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiong He
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can-Can Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Gui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Qian Lan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Wu J, Deng S, Yu X, Wu Y, Hua X, Zhang Z, Huang Y. Identify production area, growth mode, species, and grade of Astragali Radix using metabolomics "big data" and machine learning. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155201. [PMID: 37976693 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragali Radix (AR) is a widely used herbal medicine. The quality of AR is influenced by several key factors, including the production area, growth mode, species, and grade. However, the markers currently used to distinguish these factors primarily focus on secondary metabolites, and their validation on large-scale samples is lacking. PURPOSE This study aims to discover reliable markers and develop classification models for identifying the production area, growth mode, species, and grade of AR. METHODS A total of 366 batches of AR crude slices were collected from six provinces in China and divided into learning (n = 191) and validation (n = 175) sets. Three ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) methods were developed and validated for determining 22 primary and 10 secondary metabolites in AR methanol extract. Based on the quantification data, seven machine learning algorithms, such as Nearest Neighbors and Gradient Boosted Trees, were applied to screen the potential markers and build the classification models for identifying the four factors associated with AR quality. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that secondary metabolites (e.g., astragaloside IV, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, and ononin) played a crucial role in evaluating AR quality, particularly in identifying the production area and species. Additionally, fatty acids (e.g., behenic acid and lignoceric acid) were vital in determining the growth mode of AR, while amino acids (e.g., alanine and phenylalanine) were helpful in distinguishing different grades. With both primary and secondary metabolites, the Nearest Neighbors algorithm-based model was constructed for identifying each factor of AR, achieving good classification accuracy (>70%) on the validation set. Furthermore, a panel of four metabolites including ononin, astragaloside II, pentadecanoic acid, and alanine, allowed for simultaneous identification of all four factors of AR, offering an accuracy of 86.9%. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the potential of integrating large-scale targeted metabolomics and machine learning approaches to accurately identify the quality-associated factors of AR. This study opens up possibilities for enhancing the evaluation of other herbal medicines through similar methodologies, and further exploration in this area is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shaoqian Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanlin Wu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hua
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Testing, Wuxi Center for Drug Safety Control, Wuxi, 214028, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Yuan C, Zhang H, Sun C, Zhang K. Efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract as an adjuvant in the treatment of Chinese patients with sudden hearing loss: a meta-analysis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:610-620. [PMID: 36999358 PMCID: PMC10071945 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2190782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ginkgo biloba Linn (Ginkgoaceae) [leaves extract (GBE)] is authorized for the treatment of sudden hearing loss (SHL); however, its clinical feasibility in SHL has not been thoroughly investigated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant GBE in the treatment of SHL. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, China Biomedical Database for literature research, starting from inception to 30 June 2022. The key terms: Ginkgo biloba extract, Sudden Sensorineural Deafness. This meta-analysis contained randomized controlled trials that compared the safety and efficacy of the combination of GBE and general treatments (GT) with GT alone for SHL. The extracted data were analyzed using Revman5.4 software with risk ratio (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and mean difference (MD). RESULTS Our meta-analysis included 27 articles with a total of 2623 patients. The results revealed that the effects of GBE adjuvant therapy was superior than GT (total effective rate: RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.18-1.26, p < 0.00001), the pure tone hearing threshold (MD = 12.29, 95% CI: 11.74-12.85, p < 0.00001) and hemorheology indexes (whole blood high shear viscosity: MD = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.47-2.44, p = 0.004) after treatment were significantly improved compared to non-treatment, while there was no significant difference as for hematocrit (red blood cells) (MD = 4.15, 95% CI: -7.15-15.45, p = 0.47). CONCLUSION The efficacy of GBE + GT for the treatment of SHL may be more promising than GT alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan NO.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cuicui Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shan Dong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China
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Yang B, Xiong Z, Lin M, Yang Y, Chen Y, Zeng J, Jia X, Feng L. Astragalus polysaccharides alleviate type 1 diabetes via modulating gut microbiota in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123767. [PMID: 36812962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a serious health problem that needs to be addressed worldwide. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), the main chemical components of Astragali Radix, have anti-diabetic activity. As most plant polysaccharides are difficult to digest and absorb, we hypothesised that APS exert hypoglycaemic effects through the gut. This study intends to investigate the modulation of T1D associated with gut microbiota by neutral fraction of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS-1). T1D mice were induced with streptozotocin and then treated with APS-1 for 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose levels were decreased and the insulin levels were increased in T1D mice. The results demonstrated that APS-1 improved gut barrier function by regulating ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 expression, and reconstructed gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of Muribaculum, Lactobacillus and Faecalibaculum. In addition, APS-1 significantly increased the levels of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in T1D mice. Further exploration revealed that APS-1 alleviation of T1D may be associated with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, and that SCFAs binds to GPRs and HDACs proteins and modulate the inflammatory responses. In conclusion, the study supports the potential of APS-1 as a therapeutic agent for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Xiong
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Meng Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yaping Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jingqi Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Liang Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Linghu KG, Ma Q, Xiong SH, Zhao M, Chen Q, Xu W, Chen M, Zhang JY, Hu Y, Xu W, Yu H. The “whole ingredients extract” of Astragali Radix improves the symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice through systemic immunomodulation. Chin Med 2022; 17:109. [PMID: 36109750 PMCID: PMC9479389 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00661-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common inflammatory intestinal disease. Astragali Radix (AR) is one of the traditional Chinese medicines used in clinic for UC treatment. In our previous study, the whole ingredient extract (WIE) from AR have been proved to possess better immunomodulatory effects on immunosuppressed mice compared with the conventional water extraction (WAE). In the present study, we further evaluated the therapeutic effects of WIE against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in mice through systemic immune regulation. Methods Gradient solvent extraction has been used to prepare the WIE of AR. The HPLC–MS analysis approach has been employed to analyze and compare the chemical differences between WAE and WIE. UC model was reproduced in 3% DSS-induced C57BL/6 mice for 6 days. Flow cytometric analysis for splenic lymphocyte subset. ELISA kits were used to determine the cytokines in the serum and colon tissues. The histopathological characteristics of colon were evaluated by hematoxylin–eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Results The chemical compositions and the contents of main active ingredients were more abundant and higher in WIE than those in WAE. The WIE treatment altered a better action on reducing colitis disease activity index (DAI) and histological scores, as well as the recovered body weight and increased colon length in mice compared to the WAE group. Additionally, WIE showed better effects in recovering the levels of peripheral white blood cells in blood and cytokines (IL-2, IL-6 and MCP-1) in serum or colon tissues, improving the percentage of CD3+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in the spleen, and inhibiting the spleen enlargement in DSS-induced UC mice. Conclusions WIE has a more complete chemical composition than WAE. Meanwhile, WIE possesses better therapeutic effects on UC through resuming dysfunctional immunity in mice.
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Dehkordi EA, Heidari-Soureshjani E, Aryan A, Ganjirad Z, Soveyzi F, Hoseinsalari A, Derisi MM, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Antiviral Compounds Based on Natural ASTRAGALUS POLYSACCHARIDE (APS): Researches and Foresight in the Strategies for Combating SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2299-2307. [PMID: 35232341 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220301143113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Today, finding natural polymers with desirable properties for use in various industries is one of the critical axes of research in the world. Polysaccharides are a group of natural polymers that have various applications in the pharmaceutical industry. The attachment of monosaccharides forms polysaccharides through glycosidic bonds that are widely found in various sources, including plants. Genus Astragalus belongs to the Fabaceae family. Plants belonging to this genus have different polysaccharides. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have attracted a great deal of attention among natural polymers because they are non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible. Currently, APS has great drug potential for curing or treating various diseases. Due to the different biological activities of polysaccharides, including Astragalus, this study has investigated the chemical structure of APS, research report on antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and stimulation of cytokine secretion by these polysaccharides. Also, in this study, the pharmaceutical approaches of APS compounds, as a natural, new and inexpensive source, have been discussed as suitable candidates for use in pharmaceutical formulations and preparation of new drugs to control COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Aleebrahim Dehkordi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ehsan Heidari-Soureshjani
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
- SaNa Zist Pardaz Co, Member of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari Science and Technology Park, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Alisam Aryan
- Medical Student, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ganjirad
- Student research committee, Hamedan University of medical sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Soveyzi
- Medical Student, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Hoseinsalari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Mehdi Derisi
- Medical Student, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Noureen S, Rehman K, Hamid Akash MS. Natural immunity boosters as therapeutic interventions in the era of COVID-19 pandemic. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:842-851. [PMID: 35016600 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220110113028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19, a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 has been spread all over the world and is responsible for serious fatalities. SARS-CoV2 is included in the family of β-coronavirus that affects pulmonary gas exchange and triggers cytokines storm. Vigorous inflammation, hyper-coagulation, a decrease in lymphocytic count and an increase in neutrophilic count are observed in the second week after the onset of disease. Fever, dry cough, sneezing, shortness of breath and respiratory distress are the symptoms of COVID-19. Different preventive measures are taken to prevent the attack of coronavirus amongst social distancing, vaccination, wearing gloves and face masks and the use of sanitizers plays pivotal role. People with weak immunity are more susceptible to the attack of coronavirus. Various natural immunity boosters are known for their immune boosting properties among them are vitamin C, D, and B complex, medicinal mushrooms, plant-based stuff and minerals play important role by increasing the beneficial flora of human body. All these natural immunity boosters improve the innate and adaptive immune response against coronavirus. Hence, we conclude that the use of natural immunity boosters prevents the attack of coronavirus and make a person stronger against the suspected attack of COVID-19 and/or other viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibgha Noureen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Guo Z, Li P, Wang C, Kang Q, Tu C, Jiang B, Zhang J, Wang W, Wang T. Five Constituents Contributed to the Psoraleae Fructus-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:682823. [PMID: 34950022 PMCID: PMC8688997 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.682823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Psoraleae Fructus (PF)-induced hepatotoxicity has been reported in clinical and animal experiments. However, the hepatotoxic constituents and mechanisms underlying PF-induced toxicity have remained unclear. Therefore, this study explored the potentially toxic PF components and revealed their relative mechanisms. Methods: The hepatotoxicity of PF water (PFW) and ethanol (PFE) extracts was compared using Kunming mice. The different compositions between PFW and PFE, which were considered toxic compositions, were identified using the UHPLC-Q-Exactive MS method. Then, L02 and HepG2 cell lines were used to evaluate the toxicity of these compositions. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined through the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. An automatic biochemical analyzer detected the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Lastly, we used high-content screening (HCS) to determine the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Results: The ethanol extraction process aggravated the hepatotoxicity of PF, causing more severe injuries. The content of psoralen, isopsoralen, bavachin, psoralidin, bavachinin, neobavaisoflavone, and bakuchiol was higher in the PFE than PFW. Bavachin, psoralidin, bavachinin, neobavaisoflavone, and bakuchiol induced cell apoptosis and the AST, ALT, and ALP leakages. Furthermore, these five constituents increased intracellular lipid accumulation and ROS levels but decreased the MMP level. Conclusion: The ethanol extraction process could induce severe PF hepatotoxicity. Bavachin, psoralidin, bavachinin, neobavaisoflavone, and bakuchiol are the main hepatotoxic ingredients. This mechanism could be associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage-mediated apoptosis. Taken together, this study provides a basis for the clinical application of PF that formulates and improves its herbal standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojuan Guo
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pin Li
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qianjun Kang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Can Tu
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bingqian Jiang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weiling Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Astragalus membranaceus Fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus (AM) has been used for anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, we confirmed that the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of AM were enhanced after it was fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. The anti-oxidative effect was measured by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical levels, total phenolic contents (TPC), reducing power, and H2O2 levels. AM-LP MG5145 and MG5276 showed higher free radical scavenging activity than AM-NF (51.22%). In addition, AM-LP MG5145 and MG5276 showed higher TPC (49.11 mg GAE/mL), reducing power (OD700 = 0.37), and H2O2 (1.71 µM) than AM-NF. The calycosin contents determined to AM-NF (17.24 ng/mL), AM-LP MG5145 (139.94 ng/mL), and MG5276 (351.01 ng/mL) using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Anti-inflammatory effects were analyzed by investigating the inhibitory effects of fermented AM on cytotoxicity, NO production, and mRNA expression of COX-2, iNOS, NF-κB, and TNF-α in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. AM-LP MG5145 and MG5276 showed no cytotoxicity. AM-LP MG5145 (50.86%) and MG5276 (51.66%) inhibited NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, AM-LP MG5145 and MG5276 downregulated macrophage iNOS, COX2, TNF-α, and NF-κB expression. In conclusion, A. membranaceus fermented by L. plantarum MG5145 and MG5276 can be used in cosmetics and health foods as natural antioxidant compounds.
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Ding J, Gao X, Zhang F, Zhou Y, Li S, Lu Y, Liu Q. Toxicological safety evaluation of Qiguiyin formula in rats at the treatment phase and recovery phase. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114364. [PMID: 34175446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qiguiyin, a hospital preparation of traditional Chinese medicinal formula, is a combination of Astragalus hamosus L., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Lonicera sempervirens L., Artemisia annua L., and Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc. at a ratio of 12:3:3:2:2. It has been used to treat severe pneumonia caused by drug-resistant bacteria in clinical practice, while studies on its toxicological safety are rare in the literature. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we aimed to develop a new application of Qiguiyin according to the general research routine of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and the toxicological effects of the Qiguiyin formula at the treatment phase and recovery phase were also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were administered with the Qiguiyin formula at 10, 30, and 50 times of the corresponding dosage in humans for 13 consecutive weeks. During 13 weeks of the treatment phase and 4 weeks of the recovery phase, the general signs of toxicity and mortality were monitored daily, and the body weight and food consumption were determined every week. Moreover, the hematology, biochemistry, urine, organ weights, and histopathology were analyzed, and the reproductive system was examined at the end of the treatment phase or recovery phase, respectively. RESULTS The toxicological results showed no deaths and no changes in general behavior. Moreover, there was no clinically significant effect of the Qiguiyin formula on body weight or food consumption in rats. Although the Qiguiyin formula resulted in some changes in hematological, biochemical, and urinary indexes, these alterations were not related to the treatment because they remained within normal ranges throughout the 17 weeks. Besides, the main organs were not affected basically. All the above-mentioned results showed no gender difference. Furthermore, a clinical dosage of 50 times of the Qiguiyin formula did not affect the reproductive system of female rats, while it could lead to atrophied seminiferous tubules in two out of 10 male rats. However, such abnormality could not be found at the end of the recovery phase. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the Qiguiyin formula could be used safely. The administration at doses of less than 1000 g/day for 13 weeks showed no distinct toxicity or side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Yunxin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Siyang Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Youran Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
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Durazzo A, Nazhand A, Lucarini M, Silva AM, Souto SB, Guerra F, Severino P, Zaccardelli M, Souto EB, Santini A. Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus Bunge): botanical, geographical, and historical aspects to pharmaceutical components and beneficial role. RENDICONTI LINCEI. SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-021-01003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMedicinal plants always are part of folk medicine and are nowadays receiving worldwide attention for prophylaxis, management, and treatment of several diseases, as an alternative to chemical drugs. The current work provided a comprehensive overview and analysis of the Astragalus and health relationship in literature. The analysis of their therapeutic potential is thus instrumental to understand their bioactivity. Among these, the flowering medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus has raised interest due to several beneficial health effects. This perspective review discussed the botanical, geographical, historical, and the therapeutic properties of A. membranaceus, with a special focus on its health improving effects and medicinal applications both in vitro and in vivo.
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Li ZX, Zhao GD, Xiong W, Linghu KG, Ma QS, Cheang WS, Yu H, Wang Y. Correction to: Immunomodulatory effects of a new whole ingredients extract from Astragalus: a combined evaluation on chemistry and pharmacology. Chin Med 2021; 16:38. [PMID: 33952302 PMCID: PMC8101214 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xin Li
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Guan Ding Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ke Gang Linghu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Qiu Shuo Ma
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China. .,HKBU Shenzhen Research Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. .,School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China. .,Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Room 8008, Building N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China. .,Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Room 1050, Building N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
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Nejatbakhsh F, Zareian MA, Yaseliani M, Abolhassani H. Evidence-Based Immunotherapeutic Effects of Herbal Compounds on Humoral Immunity: Ancient and New Approaches. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 27:313-320. [PMID: 33759045 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-3332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The human immune system represents a dynamic multiscale system with high complexity in biology. Humoral immunity, as the main branch of adaptive immunity, is characterized by differentiated stages of the B lymphocytes, producing the final product of antibodies that has a diversity of the tuning mechanisms within genetic and epigenetic levels in confrontation with environmental exposures. Disorders because of disturbed humoral immunity are linked with dysregulation of feedback-regulated signaling and the dynamic of immune components that determine the overall response. Food products, mainly herbal components have a significant role in tailoring the immune system micro-ecosystem which can diversify the adaptive nature of humoral immunity. Herein, we review the current evidence-based approaches for the impact of medicinal herbs on humoral immunity signaling and antibody production with a focus on immunotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Nejatbakhsh
- Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14166, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zareian
- Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14166, Iran
| | - Mahdi Yaseliani
- Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14166, Iran
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14194, Iran. .,Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, SE-141 86, Sweden.
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Gong G, Yu H, Zheng Y, Qi B, He H, Yin T, Dong TT, Tsim KW. Astragaloside IV, a saponin from Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus, induces expressions of heme recycle proteins via signaling of Nrf2/ARE in cultured macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113389. [PMID: 32920134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, "Qi" is classified as energetic essence supporting the life activities in human. "Blood" is categorized as nourishing essence and circulating in the body. "Blood" and "Qi" have an intimate relationship. Astragali Radix (AR; root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao) has a broad spectrum of application for "Qi-Blood" enrichment. Astragaloside IV, a major saponin in AR, has therapeutic functions in erythropoietic, cardiovascular and immune systems. However, the efficacy of astragaloside IV in erythrophagocytosis has not been elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The possible functions of astragaloside IV in heme iron recycling during erythrophagocytosis in cultured macrophage were elucidated. METHODS The translational and transcriptional expressions of heme recycling enzymes were determined after incubating of astragaloside IV for 24 h in cultured macrophage. RESULTS In astragaloside IV-treated macrophage, the expressions, both RNA and protein levels, of regulators of heme recycling, e.g. heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), ferroportin (FPN), biliverdin reductase A and B (BVRA, BVRB), were markedly induced in dose-dependent manners. In parallel, the transcriptional activity of antioxidant response element, cloned within an expression vector as pARE-Luc and transfected in cultured macrophages, was markedly induced after a challenge with astragaloside IV in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the translocation of Nrf2, a transcriptional factor in regulating expression of heme recycling protein, was induced by astragaloside IV, leading to an enrichment at nucleus fraction. CONCLUSION Astragaloside IV shed lights in enhancing the expression of heme recycle proteins via Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Gong
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519041, China
| | - Huiru Yu
- Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Yuzhong Zheng
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, 521041, China.
| | - Baohui Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519041, China
| | - Huan He
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519041, China
| | - Tianpeng Yin
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519041, China
| | - Tina Tx Dong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Karl Wk Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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Qader M, Xu J, Yang Y, Wu X, Liu Y, Cao S. Chemistry Behind the Immunomodulatory Activity of Astragalus membranaceus. CHINESE MEDICINE AND CULTURE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/cmac.cmac_40_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Wu Q, Hu Y. Integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking strategy to explore the mechanism of medicinal and edible Astragali Radix-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma acting on pneumonia via immunomodulation. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13510. [PMID: 33025599 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pneumonia refers to a death-causing infection. Astragali Radix (AR) and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (AMR) are widely used as traditional tonic and promising edible immunomodulatory herbal medicine, but the systemic mechanism is not well understood. Therefore, a strategy based on network pharmacology and molecular docking was designed to explore the systemic mechanism of AR-AMR acting on pneumonia. After a series of bioinformatics assays, seven kernel targets were obtained, including TNF, IL6, IFNG, IL1B, IL10, IL4, and TLR9. And seven key compounds were identified as the synergy components of AR-AMR acting on pneumonia, the four key compounds belonging to AR were (3R)-3-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-chromanol, formononetin, quercetin, and kaempferol, the three key compounds belonging to AMR were atractylone, 14-acetyl-12-senecioyl-2E, 8E, 10E-atractylentriol, and α-Amyrin. The crucial pathways were mainly related to three modules, including immune diseases, infectious disease, and organismal systems. Collectively, these observations strongly suggest that the molecular mechanisms of AR-AMR regulating pneumonia were closely related to the correlation between inflammation and immune response. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Astragali radix and Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma can be used as "medicine-food homology" for dietary supplement. AR and AMR are widely used as a traditional tonic and promising edible immunomodulatory herbal medicine. The AR-AMR herb pairs are used for compatibility many times in the recommended prescriptions in COVID-19 develop pneumonia in China. However, the ingredients and mechanisms of AR-AMR acting on Pneumonia via immunomodulation are unclear. In this paper, bioinformatics and network biology were used to systematically explore the mechanisms of the AR-AMR herb pairs in treatment of pneumonia, and further analyze the correlation mechanism between it and COVID-19 develop pneumonia. To sum up, our study reveals the interrelationships between components, targets, and corresponding biological processes of AR-AMR acting on pneumonia. Understanding these relationships may provide guidance and theoretical basis for the further application of AR-AMR herb pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiguo Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anqing Medical College, Anqing, China.,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeqing Hu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen Z, Liu L, Gao C, Chen W, Vong CT, Yao P, Yang Y, Li X, Tang X, Wang S, Wang Y. Astragali Radix (Huangqi): A promising edible immunomodulatory herbal medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112895. [PMID: 32330511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Astragali Radix (AR, Huangqi in Chinese), the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao or A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge., possesses diverse therapeutic effects against fatigue, dyspepsia, diarrhea, heart diseases, hepatitis, and anemia. In recent years, increasing evidence has indicated the multiple immunomodulatory activities of AR in preclinical and clinical studies. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review attempts to elaborate the immunomodulatory effects of AR and its potential application in the treatment of immune related diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search AR was carried out using multiple internationally recognized databases (including Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ACS, Springer, Taylor & Francis, and CNKI). RESULTS The immunomodulatory effects of AR are closely attributed to its active constituents such as polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids. We also demonstrate that AR can be used as a potential therapeutic intervention for immune related diseases through regulating immune organs, mucosal immune, and immune system (innate immunity and acquired immunity). CONCLUSION AR promotes the development of immune organs, enhances mucosal immune function, increases the quantity and phagocytic capacity of innate immunity, promotes the maturation and differentiation of acquired immunity cells, and improves the expression of antibodies in acquired immunity. We believe that AR has a broad research space in the adjuvant treatment of immune related diseases, which could be a breakthrough point to improve the application value of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhejie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; PU-UM Innovative Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong-Macau Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Industrial Park Development Co., Ltd, Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Caifang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Weijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Peifen Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xiuzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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Zeng X, Cai G, Liang T, Li Q, Yang Y, Zhong X, Zou X, Qin M, Mi Z. Rhubarb and Astragalus Capsule Attenuates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Rats with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction by Alleviating Apoptosis through Regulating Transforming Growth Factor beta1 (TGF-β1)/p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (p38 MAPK) Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920720. [PMID: 32205836 PMCID: PMC7111584 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhubarb and astragalus capsule (RAC) has been used in the clinical treatment of chronic kidney disease for decades. However, the mechanism of RAC has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and mechanisms of RAC on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal interstitial fibrosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The main components of RAC are detected by high-performance liquid phase (HPLC). A rat model of UUO was established, and a subset of rats underwent treatment with RAC. Renal function and renal pathology were examined at 14 days and 21 days after the UUO operation. Renal cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. The levels of Bcl-2 and Bax in the kidney were examined by western blotting, and the levels of collagen I, alpha-SMA, transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1, and p38 MAPK in the kidneys were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS High-performance liquid phase chromatography showed that RAC contained 1.12 mg/g aloe-emodin, 2.25 mg/g rhein, 1.75 mg/g emodin, and 4.50 mg/g chrysophanol. Administration of RAC significantly decreased the levels of urinary N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (Scr) and also reduced renal tissue damages and interstitial fibrosis induced by UUO in rats. Moreover, the increased levels of collagen I, alpha-SMA, TGF-ß1, p38 MAPK, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, as well as cell apoptosis in the kidney, were induced by UUO, and were all found deceased by RAC treatment. CONCLUSIONS RAC can improve the renal interstitial fibrosis induced by UUO, and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of renal tubular cell apoptosis via TGF-ß1/p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Guozhen Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Taolin Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yufang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaobin Zhong
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoqin Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Mengyuan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Zhengcheng Mi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
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Liang Y, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Wang R, Xu X, Hu X. Astragalus Membranaceus Treatment Protects Raw264.7 Cells from Influenza Virus by Regulating G1 Phase and the TLR3-Mediated Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:2971604. [PMID: 31975996 PMCID: PMC6955127 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2971604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory infection disease caused by the influenza virus. At present, due to the high mutation rate of influenza virus, it is difficult for the existing antiviral drugs to play an effective antiviral effect continually, so it is urgent to develop a new anti-influenza drug. Recently, more and more studies have been conducted on the antiviral activity of Astragalus membranaceus, but the specific antiviral mechanism of this traditional Chinese medicine is not clear. In this study, the results proved that the Astragalus membranaceus injection showed obvious anti-influenza virus activity. It could improve the survival rate of Raw264.7 cells which were infected with influenza virus, while it improved the blocking effect of influenza virus on cell cycle after infection, increased the SOD activity, and reduced the MDA content. At the same time, the innate immunity was affected by regulating the expression of TLR3, TAK1, TBK1, IRF3, and IFN-β in the TLR3-mediated signaling pathway, thus exerting its antiviral effect in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rufeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhua Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Sun Q, Cao H, Zhou Y, Wang X, Jiang H, Gong L, Yang Y, Rong R. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the chemical constituents in Mahuang-Fuzi-Xixin decoction based on high performance liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry and triple quadrupole mass spectrometers. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1820-1834. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Sun
- School of Pharmacy; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Hongjie Cao
- School of Pharmacy; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Haiqiang Jiang
- School of Pharmacy; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Lili Gong
- School of Pharmacy; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Pharmacy; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Rong Rong
- School of Pharmacy; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
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