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Qi G, Tang H, Hu J, Kang S, Qin S. Potential role of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1599-1612. [PMID: 38934388 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tanycytes, specialized ependymal cells located in the hypothalamus, play a crucial role in the generation of new neurons that contribute to the neural circuits responsible for regulating the systemic energy balance. The precise coordination of the gene networks controlling neurogenesis in naive and mature tanycytes is essential for maintaining homeostasis in adulthood. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that govern the proliferation and differentiation of tanycytes into neurons remains limited. This article aims to review the recent advancements in research into the mechanisms and functions of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis. Studies employing lineage-tracing techniques have revealed that the neurogenesis specifically originating from tanycytes in the hypothalamus has a compensatory role in neuronal loss and helps maintain energy homeostasis during metabolic diseases. Intriguingly, metabolic disorders are considered early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, the neurogenic potential of tanycytes and the state of newborn neurons derived from tanycytes heavily depend on the maintenance of mild microenvironments, which may be disrupted in Alzheimer's disease due to the impaired blood-brain barrier function. However, the specific alterations and regulatory mechanisms governing tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that tanycyte-derived neurogenesis might be impaired in Alzheimer's disease, exacerbating neurodegeneration. Confirming this hypothesis, however, poses a challenge because of the lack of long-term tracing and nucleus-specific analyses of newborn neurons in the hypothalamus of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying tanycyte-derived neurogenesis holds promise for identifying small molecules capable of restoring tanycyte proliferation in neurodegenerative diseases. This line of investigation could provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease and related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guibo Qi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Tang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianian Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siying Kang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Qin
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Mao JQ, Cheng L, Zhang YD, Xie GJ, Wang P. Chinese formula Guben-Jiannao Ye alleviates the dysfunction of circadian and sleep rhythms in APP/PS1 mice implicated in activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118696. [PMID: 39151711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Chinese formula Guben-Jiannao Ye (GBJNY) formula has a long history of usage in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of learning and memory disorders as well as senile insomnia. This formulation is derived from Sun Simiao's five tonic pills. Furthermore, modern pharmacological investigations have revealed its ability to improve cognitive impairment and ameliorate sleep-wake circadian rhythm disorders. However, the precise mechanism underlying its efficacy remains elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY The current research explored the modulatory effects and possible mechanisms of GBJNY in circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease using transcriptome sequencing and experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The LC-MS/MS tandem technology was utilized to qualitatively discern the active components present in GBJNY. The APP/PS1 mice received continuous treatment with GBJNY or Melatonin for 3 months. The learning and memory abilities of mice were assessed utilizing the Morris water maze (MWM) test, while sleep changes were studied utilizing the electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG). Concurrently, mice's hippocampus clock gene rhythmicity was investigated. Subsequently, we employed HE staining, Golgi staining, and immunofluorescence to observe GBJNY's impact on synaptic damage and neuronal loss. We performed high-throughput sequencing to analyze the mRNA expression profiles of mice, aiming to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, we conducted GO and KEGG enrichment analyses to explore associated signaling pathways. Furthermore, we evaluated the expression levels of proteins involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and Aβ deposition in the hippocampus of mice. Through this comprehensive approach, we sought to elucidate and validate the potential mechanisms of action of GBJNY in APP/PS1 mice. RESULTS Results showed 216 DEGs. Following this, we conducted GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses to delve deeper into the distinctions and fundamental functions of the mRNA target genes. The enrichment analysis underscored the prominence of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway as the most pivotal among them. Through in vivo experiments, it was further demonstrated that the administration of GBJNY enhanced memory and learning capacities in APP/PS1 mice. Additionally, GBJNY treatment resulted in alterations in the sleep-wake circadian rhythm, characterized by reduced wakefulness and an increase in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Moreover, alterations in the peak expression of Per1, Per2, Clock, Cry1, Cry2, and Bmal1 mRNA were noted in the hippocampus of treated mice. Particularly noteworthy were the observed reductions in amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition within the hippocampus, improvements in neuronal synaptic integrity, and upregulation of mTOR, Akt, and PI3K protein expression in the hippocampal region. These findings underscore the critical involvement of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in mitigating disturbances in sleep-wake circadian rhythms. CONCLUSIONS GBJNY enhanced the cognitive performance of APP/PS1 mice and altered clock gene expression patterns, alleviating sleep-wake circadian rhythm disruptions. The fundamental mechanism appears to be linked to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway regulation, offering a foundation for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qin Mao
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Li Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Yu-Dan Zhang
- Health Medical Center, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, China.
| | - Guang-Jing Xie
- Engineering Research Center, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Engineering Research Center, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Parkins EV, Gross C. Small Differences and Big Changes: The Many Variables of MicroRNA Expression and Function in the Brain. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0365242024. [PMID: 39111834 PMCID: PMC11308354 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0365-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are emerging as crucial regulators within the complex, dynamic environment of the synapse, and they offer a promising new avenue for the treatment of neurological disease. These small noncoding RNAs modify gene expression in several ways, including posttranscriptional modulation via binding to complementary and semicomplementary sites on target mRNAs. This rapid, finely tuned regulation of gene expression is essential to meet the dynamic demands of the synapse. Here, we provide a detailed review of the multifaceted world of synaptic microRNA regulation. We discuss the many mechanisms by which microRNAs regulate gene expression at the synapse, particularly in the context of neuronal plasticity. We also describe the various factors, such as age, sex, and neurological disease, that can influence microRNA expression and activity in neurons. In summary, microRNAs play a crucial role in the intricate and quickly changing functional requirements of the synapse, and context is essential in the study of microRNAs and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma V Parkins
- University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Graduate Program, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
| | - Christina Gross
- University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Graduate Program, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
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Chakrabarti KS, Bakhtiari D, Rezaei-Ghaleh N. Bifurcations in coupled amyloid-β aggregation-inflammation systems. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:80. [PMID: 39080352 PMCID: PMC11289389 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A complex interplay between various processes underlies the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its progressive course. Several lines of evidence point to the coupling between Aβ aggregation and neuroinflammation and its role in maintaining brain homeostasis during the long prodromal phase of AD. Little is however known about how this protective mechanism fails and as a result, an irreversible and progressive transition to clinical AD occurs. Here, we introduce a minimal model of a coupled system of Aβ aggregation and inflammation, numerically simulate its dynamical behavior, and analyze its bifurcation properties. The introduced model represents the following events: generation of Aβ monomers, aggregation of Aβ monomers into oligomers and fibrils, induction of inflammation by Aβ aggregates, and clearance of various Aβ species. Crucially, the rates of Aβ generation and clearance are modulated by inflammation level following a Hill-type response function. Despite its relative simplicity, the model exhibits enormously rich dynamics ranging from overdamped kinetics to sustained oscillations. We then specify the region of inflammation- and coupling-related parameters space where a transition to oscillatory dynamics occurs and demonstrate how changes in Aβ aggregation parameters could shift this oscillatory region in parameter space. Our results reveal the propensity of coupled Aβ aggregation-inflammation systems to oscillatory dynamics and propose prolonged sustained oscillations and their consequent immune system exhaustion as a potential mechanism underlying the transition to a more progressive phase of amyloid pathology in AD. The implications of our results in regard to early diagnosis of AD and anti-AD drug development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan S Chakrabarti
- Department of Biological Science and Chemistry, Krea University, Sri City, India
| | | | - Nasrollah Rezaei-Ghaleh
- Heinrich Heine University (HHU) Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Physical Biology, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany.
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Salminen A. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor impairs circadian regulation in Alzheimer's disease: Potential impact on glymphatic system dysfunction. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:3901-3920. [PMID: 38924210 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Circadian clocks maintain diurnal rhythms of sleep-wake cycle of 24 h that regulate not only the metabolism of an organism but also many other periodical processes. There is substantial evidence that circadian regulation is impaired in Alzheimer's disease. Circadian clocks regulate many properties known to be disturbed in Alzheimer's patients, such as the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as well as the diurnal glymphatic flow that controls waste clearance from the brain. Interestingly, an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor, that is, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), impairs the function of the core clock proteins and thus could disturb diurnal rhythmicity in the BBB. There is abundant evidence that the activation of AhR signalling inhibits the expression of the major core clock proteins, such as the brain and muscle arnt-like 1 (BMAL1), clock circadian regulator (CLOCK) and period circadian regulator 1 (PER1) in different experimental models. The expression of AhR is robustly increased in the brains of Alzheimer's patients, and protein level is enriched in astrocytes of the BBB. It seems that AhR signalling inhibits glymphatic flow since it is known that (i) activation of AhR impairs the function of the BBB, which is cooperatively interconnected with the glymphatic system in the brain, and (ii) neuroinflammation and dysbiosis of gut microbiota generate potent activators of AhR, which are able to impair glymphatic flow. I will examine current evidence indicating that activation of AhR signalling could disturb circadian functions of the BBB and impair glymphatic flow and thus be involved in the development of Alzheimer's pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Liu Y, Feng H, Du J, Yang L, Xue H, Zhang J, Liang YY, Liu Y. Associations between accelerometer-measured circadian rest-activity rhythm, brain structural and genetic mechanisms, and dementia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 78:393-404. [PMID: 38676558 PMCID: PMC11498105 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
AIM Knowledge of how circadian rhythm influences brain health remains limited. We aimed to investigate the associations of accelerometer-measured circadian rest-activity rhythm (CRAR) with incident dementia, cognitive dysfunction, and structural brain abnormalities in the general population and underlying biological mechanisms. METHODS Fifty-seven thousand five hundred and two participants aged over 60 years with accelerometer data were included to investigate the association of CRAR with incidental dementia. Non-parametric CRAR parameters were utilized, including activity level during active periods of the day (M10), activity level during rest periods of the day (L5), and the relative difference between the M10 and L5 (relative amplitude, RA). Associations of CRAR with cognitive dysfunction and brain structure were studied in a subset of participants. Neuroimaging-transcriptomics analysis was utilized to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Over 6.86 (4.94-8.78) years of follow-up, 494 participants developed dementia. The risk of incident dementia was associated with decreasing M10 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.45; 95% conference interval [CI], 1.28-1.64) and RA (HR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.28-1.64), increasing L5 (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.21) and advanced L5 onset time (HR 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02-1.23). The detrimental associations were exacerbated by APOE ε4 status and age (>65 years). Decreased RA was associated with lower processing speed (Beta -0.04; SE 0.011), predominantly mediated by abnormalities in subcortical regions and white matter microstructure. The genes underlying CRAR-related brain regional structure variation were enriched for synaptic function. CONCLUSIONS Our study underscores the potential of intervention targeting at maintaining a healthy CRAR pattern to prevent dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Center for Sleep and Circadian MedicineThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hongliang Feng
- Center for Sleep and Circadian MedicineThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of ChinaGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Du
- Center for Sleep and Circadian MedicineThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of ChinaGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lulu Yang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Huachen Xue
- Center for Sleep and Circadian MedicineThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of ChinaGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian MedicineThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of ChinaGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yannis Yan Liang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian MedicineThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of ChinaGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Institute of Psycho‐neuroscienceThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yaping Liu
- Center for Sleep and Circadian MedicineThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of ChinaGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
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Trujillo-Rangel WÁ, Acuña-Vaca S, Padilla-Ponce DJ, García-Mercado FG, Torres-Mendoza BM, Pacheco-Moises FP, Escoto-Delgadillo M, García-Benavides L, Delgado-Lara DLC. Modulation of the Circadian Rhythm and Oxidative Stress as Molecular Targets to Improve Vascular Dementia: A Pharmacological Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4401. [PMID: 38673986 PMCID: PMC11050388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythms generated by the master biological clock located in the brain's hypothalamus influence central physiological processes. At the molecular level, a core set of clock genes interact to form transcription-translation feedback loops that provide the molecular basis of the circadian rhythm. In animal models of disease, a desynchronization of clock genes in peripheral tissues with the central master clock has been detected. Interestingly, patients with vascular dementia have sleep disorders and irregular sleep patterns. These alterations in circadian rhythms impact hormonal levels, cardiovascular health (including blood pressure regulation and blood vessel function), and the pattern of expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, oxidative stress in vascular dementia can arise from ischemia-reperfusion injury, amyloid-beta production, the abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein, and alterations in neurotransmitters, among others. Several signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. While the precise mechanisms linking circadian rhythms and vascular dementia are still being studied, there is evidence to suggest that maintaining healthy sleep patterns and supporting proper circadian rhythm function may be important for reducing the risk of vascular dementia. Here, we reviewed the main mechanisms of action of molecular targets related to the circadian cycle and oxidative stress in vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Ángel Trujillo-Rangel
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555, Ejido San José Tateposco, Tonalá 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (W.Á.T.-R.); (D.J.P.-P.); (F.G.G.-M.); (L.G.-B.)
- Departamento de Formación Universitaria Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, Lomas del Valle, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Sofía Acuña-Vaca
- Departamento de Formación Universitaria Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, Lomas del Valle, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Danna Jocelyn Padilla-Ponce
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555, Ejido San José Tateposco, Tonalá 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (W.Á.T.-R.); (D.J.P.-P.); (F.G.G.-M.); (L.G.-B.)
| | - Florencia Guillermina García-Mercado
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555, Ejido San José Tateposco, Tonalá 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (W.Á.T.-R.); (D.J.P.-P.); (F.G.G.-M.); (L.G.-B.)
| | - Blanca Miriam Torres-Mendoza
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Sierra Mojada 800, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (B.M.T.-M.); (M.E.-D.)
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Fermín P. Pacheco-Moises
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán No. 1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Martha Escoto-Delgadillo
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Sierra Mojada 800, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (B.M.T.-M.); (M.E.-D.)
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Leonel García-Benavides
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555, Ejido San José Tateposco, Tonalá 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (W.Á.T.-R.); (D.J.P.-P.); (F.G.G.-M.); (L.G.-B.)
| | - Daniela L. C. Delgado-Lara
- Departamento de Formación Universitaria Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, Lomas del Valle, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico;
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Li K, Zhou X, Liu Y, Li D, Li Y, Zhang T, Fu C, Li L, Hu Y, Jiang L. Serum amyloid beta 42 levels correlated with metabolic syndrome and its components. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1278477. [PMID: 38405149 PMCID: PMC10893966 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1278477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Beta-amyloid accumulation in the brain appears to be a key initiating event in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and factors associated with increased deposition of beta-amyloid are of great interest. Enhanced deposition of amyloid-β peptides is due to an imbalance between their production and elimination. Previous studies show that diminished levels of CSF amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) is a biomarker in AD; however, the role of serum Aβ42 in AD is contradictory. BMI and obesity have been reported to be related to increased serum Aβ42 levels. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relation between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its clinical measures (abdominal obesity, high glucose, high triglyceride, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and hypertension), and serum Aβ42 levels. Methods A total of 1261 subjects, aged 18-89 years in Chengdu, China, were enrolled from January 2020 to January 2021 to explore the correlation of serum Aβ42 levels with body mass index (BMI), blood lipids, and blood pressure. Furthermore, as the risk of MetS is closely related to age, 1,212 participants (N = 49 with age ≥ 80 years old were excluded) were analyzed for the correlation of serum Aβ42 level and MetS clinical measures. Results The results showed that log-transformed serum Aβ42 level was positively correlated with BMI (R = 0.29; p < 0.001), log-transformed triglyceride (R = 0.14; p < 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (R = 0.12; p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) (R = -0.18; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, and other covariates, elevated serum Aβ42 level was correlated with higher values of BMI (βmodel1 = 2.694, βmodel2 = 2.703) and DBP (βmodel1 = 0.541, βmodel2 = 0.546) but a lower level of HDL-c (βmodel2 = -1.741). Furthermore, serum Aβ42 level was positively correlated with MetS and its clinical measures, including BMI and DBP, and negatively correlated with HDL-c level in the Han Chinese population. However, the level of serum Aβ42 did not show a significant correlation with high glucose or high triglyceride. Discussion These observations indicate that MetS and its components are associated with higher levels of serum Aβ42 and hence limit the potential of serum Aβ42 as a suitable diagnostic biomarker for AD. As such, we recommend serum Aβ42 serve as a direct risk biomarker for MetS rather than for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Youren Liu
- Department of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Department of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinyin Li
- Department of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyan Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wu Q, Ren Q, Wang X, Bai H, Tian D, Gao G, Wang F, Yu P, Chang Y. Cellular iron depletion enhances behavioral rhythm by limiting brain Per1 expression in mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14592. [PMID: 38385622 PMCID: PMC10883092 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Disturbances in the circadian rhythm are positively correlated with the processes of aging and related neurodegenerative diseases, which are also associated with brain iron accumulation. However, the role of brain iron in regulating the biological rhythm is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the impact of brain iron levels on the spontaneous locomotor activity of mice with altered brain iron levels and further explored the potential mechanisms governing these effects in vitro. RESULTS Our results revealed that conditional knockout of ferroportin 1 (Fpn1) in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells led to brain iron deficiency, subsequently resulting in enhanced locomotor activity and increased expression of clock genes, including the circadian locomotor output cycles kaput protein (Clock) and brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (Bmal1). Concomitantly, the levels of period circadian regulator 1 (PER1), which functions as a transcriptional repressor in regulating biological rhythm, were decreased. Conversely, the elevated brain iron levels in APP/PS1 mice inhibited autonomous rhythmic activity. Additionally, our findings demonstrate a significant decrease in serum melatonin levels in Fpn1cdh5 -CKO mice compared with the Fpn1flox/flox group. In contrast, APP/PS1 mice with brain iron deposition exhibited higher serum melatonin levels than the WT group. Furthermore, in the human glioma cell line, U251, we observed reduced PER1 expression upon iron limitation by deferoxamine (DFO; iron chelator) or endogenous overexpression of FPN1. When U251 cells were made iron-replete by supplementation with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) or increased iron import through transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) overexpression, PER1 protein levels were increased. Additionally, we obtained similar results to U251 cells in mouse cerebellar astrocytes (MA-c), where we collected cells at different time points to investigate the rhythmic expression of core clock genes and the impact of DFO or FAC treatment on PER1 protein levels. CONCLUSION These findings collectively suggest that altered iron levels influence the circadian rhythm by regulating PER1 expression and thereby modulating the molecular circadian clock. In conclusion, our study identifies the regulation of brain iron levels as a potential new target for treating age-related disruptions in the circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Environment, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio‐Cerebrovascular Disease, College of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Qiuyang Ren
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Environment, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Environment, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Huiyuan Bai
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Environment, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Dandan Tian
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Environment, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Guofen Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Environment, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Fudi Wang
- School of Public HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Peng Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Environment, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yan‐Zhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Environment, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina
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10
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Son G, Neylan TC, Grinberg LT. Neuronal and glial vulnerability of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in tauopathies: evidence from human studies and animal models. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:4. [PMID: 38195580 PMCID: PMC10777507 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies, a group of neurodegenerative diseases that includes Alzheimer's disease, commonly lead to disturbances in sleep-wake patterns and circadian rhythm disorders. The circadian rhythm, a recurring 24-hour cycle governing human biological activity, is regulated by the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and endogenous transcriptional-translational feedback loops. Surprisingly, little attention has been given to investigating tauopathy-driven neuropathology in the SCN and the repercussions of SCN and circadian gene dysfunction in the human brain affected by tauopathies. This review aims to provide an overview of the current literature on the vulnerability of the SCN in tauopathies in humans. Emphasis is placed on elucidating the neuronal and glial changes contributing to the widespread disruption of the molecular circadian clock. Furthermore, this review identifies areas of knowledge requiring further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowoon Son
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas C Neylan
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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11
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Haskologlu IC, Erdag E, Sehirli AO, Uludag O, Abacioglu N. Beyond Conventional Therapies: Molecular Dynamics of Alzheimer's Treatment through CLOCK/BMAL1 Interactions. Curr Alzheimer Res 2024; 20:862-874. [PMID: 38509675 DOI: 10.2174/0115672050301014240315065235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's Disease (AD) represents a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive and behavioral impairments significantly hindering social and occupational functioning. Melatonin, a hormone pivotal in regulating the body's intrinsic circadian rhythm, also acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of beta-amyloid deposits, offering a promising therapeutic approach for AD. The upregulation of Brain and Muscle ARNT-Like 1 (Bmal1) gene expression, stimulated by melatonin, emerges as a potential contributor to AD intervention. Current pharmacological interventions, such as FDA-approved cholinesterase inhibitors and the recently authorized monoclonal antibody, Lecanemab, are utilized in AD management. However, the connection between these medications and Bmal1 remains insufficiently explored. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the molecular effects of FDA-endorsed drugs on the CLOCK: Bmal1 dimer. Furthermore, considering the interactions between melatonin and Bmal1, this research explores the potential synergistic efficacy of combining these pharmaceutical agents with melatonin for AD treatment. METHODS Using molecular docking and MM/PBSA methodologies, this research determines the binding affinities of drugs within the Bmal1 binding site, constructing interaction profiles. RESULTS The findings reveal that, among FDA-approved drugs, galanthamine and donepezil demonstrate notably similar binding energy values to melatonin, interacting within the Bmal1 binding site through analogous amino acid residues and functional groups. CONCLUSION A novel therapeutic approach emerges, suggesting the combination of melatonin with Lecanemab as a monoclonal antibody therapy. Importantly, prior research has not explored the effects of FDA-approved drugs on Bmal1 expression or their potential for synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Celil Haskologlu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia Mersin-10, Near East Boulevard 99138, Türkiye
| | - Emine Erdag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia Mersin- 10, Near East Boulevard 99138, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Ozer Sehirli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia Mersin-10, Near East Boulevard 99138, Türkiye
| | - Orhan Uludag
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia Mersin-10, Near East Boulevard 99138, Türkiye
| | - Nurettin Abacioglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia Mersin-10, Near East Boulevard 99138, Türkiye
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12
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Zang L, Liu X, Li Y, Liu J, Lu Q, Zhang Y, Meng Q. The effect of light therapy on sleep disorders and psychobehavioral symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293977. [PMID: 38055651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) mainly affects cognitive function, it is often accompanied by sleep disorders and psychobehavioral symptoms. These symptoms, including depression, agitation, and psychotic symptoms, are prominent hospitalization causes among patients with AD. Currently, relatively more research exists on light therapy for sleep disorders, while those on psychobehavioral symptoms are gradually increasing. However, no consensus exists on these results because of the vulnerability of light therapy to multiple factors, including light intensity and duration. Thus, further research investigating this aspect is warranted. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of light therapy in improving sleep disorders and psychobehavioural symptoms in patients with AD. METHODS In this meta-analysis, relevant literature was searched in Embase, the Clinical Trials Registry, Web of Science, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library up to December 2022. Furthermore, a fixed-effects model was used for data analysis. RESULTS Fifteen randomized controlled trials involving 598 patients with AD were included. In the case of sleep disorders, our meta-analysis revealed that light therapy significantly improved sleep efficiency (MD = -2.42, 95% CI = -3.37 to -1.48, p < 0.00001), increased interdaily stability (MD = -0.04, 95% CI = -0.05 to -0.03, p < 0.00001), and reduced intradaily variability (MD = -0.07, 95% CI = -0.10 to -0.05, p < 0.00001). With respect to psychotic behavior, light therapy was found to alleviate depression (MD = -2.55, 95% CI = -2.98 to -2.12, p < 0.00001) as well as reduce agitation (MD = -3.97, 95% CI = -5.09 to -2.84, p < 0.00001) and caregiver burden (MD = -3.57, 95% CI = -5.28 to -1.87, p < 0.00001). CONCLUSION Light therapy leads to significant improvement in sleep and psychobehavioral symptoms and is associated with relatively fewer side effects in patients with AD, indicating its potential as a promising treatment option for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zang
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaotong Liu
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiuying Lu
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qinghui Meng
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
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13
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Zhao Q, Maci M, Miller MR, Zhou H, Zhang F, Algamal M, Lee YF, Hou SS, Perle SJ, Le H, Russ AN, Lo EH, Gerashchenko D, Gomperts SN, Bacskai BJ, Kastanenka KV. Sleep restoration by optogenetic targeting of GABAergic neurons reprograms microglia and ameliorates pathological phenotypes in an Alzheimer's disease model. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:93. [PMID: 38041158 PMCID: PMC10693059 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients exhibit memory disruptions and profound sleep disturbances, including disruption of deep non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Slow-wave activity (SWA) is a major restorative feature of NREM sleep and is important for memory consolidation. METHODS We generated a mouse model where GABAergic interneurons could be targeted in the presence of APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP) amyloidosis, APP-GAD-Cre mice. An electroencephalography (EEG) / electromyography (EMG) telemetry system was used to monitor sleep disruptions in these animals. Optogenetic stimulation of GABAergic interneurons in the anterior cortex targeted with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) allowed us to examine the role GABAergic interneurons play in sleep deficits. We also examined the effect of optogenetic stimulation on amyloid plaques, neuronal calcium as well as sleep-dependent memory consolidation. In addition, microglial morphological features and functions were assessed using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Finally, we performed sleep deprivation during optogenetic stimulation to investigate whether sleep restoration was necessary to slow AD progression. RESULTS APP-GAD-Cre mice exhibited impairments in sleep architecture including decreased time spent in NREM sleep, decreased delta power, and increased sleep fragmentation compared to nontransgenic (NTG) NTG-GAD-Cre mice. Optogenetic stimulation of cortical GABAergic interneurons increased SWA and rescued sleep impairments in APP-GAD-Cre animals. Furthermore, it slowed AD progression by reducing amyloid deposition, normalizing neuronal calcium homeostasis, and improving memory function. These changes were accompanied by increased numbers and a morphological transformation of microglia, elevated phagocytic marker expression, and enhanced amyloid β (Aβ) phagocytic activity of microglia. Sleep was necessary for amelioration of pathophysiological phenotypes in APP-GAD-Cre mice. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study shows that optogenetic targeting of GABAergic interneurons rescues sleep, which then ameliorates neuropathological as well as behavioral deficits by increasing clearance of Aβ by microglia in an AD mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuchen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Megi Maci
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Morgan R Miller
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Fang Zhang
- Departments of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Moustafa Algamal
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Yee Fun Lee
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Steven S Hou
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Stephen J Perle
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Hoang Le
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Alyssa N Russ
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- Departments of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Dmitry Gerashchenko
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Stephen N Gomperts
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Brian J Bacskai
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Ksenia V Kastanenka
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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14
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Jeffs QL, Prather JF, Todd WD. Potential neural substrates underlying circadian and olfactory disruptions in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1295998. [PMID: 38094003 PMCID: PMC10716239 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1295998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, with over 45 million patients worldwide, and poses significant economic and emotional burdens to both patients and caregivers, significantly raising the number of those affected. Unfortunately, much of the existing research on the disease only addresses a small subset of associated symptomologies and pathologies. In this review, we propose to target the earliest stages of the disease, when symptomology first arises. In these stages, before the onset of hallmark symptoms of AD such as cognitive impairments and memory loss, circadian and olfactory disruptions arise and are detectable. Functional similarities between circadian and olfactory systems provide a basis upon which to seek out common mechanisms in AD which may target them early on in the disease. Existing studies of interactions between these systems, while intriguing, leave open the question of the neural substrates underlying them. Potential substrates for such interactions are proposed in this review, such as indirect projections that may functionally connect the two systems and dopaminergic signaling. These substrates may have significant implications for mechanisms underlying disruptions to circadian and olfactory function in early stages of AD. In this review, we propose early detection of AD using a combination of circadian and olfactory deficits and subsequent early treatment of these deficits may provide profound benefits to both patients and caregivers. Additionally, we suggest that targeting research toward the intersection of these two systems in AD could uncover mechanisms underlying the broader set of symptoms and pathologies that currently elude researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - William D. Todd
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, Program in Neuroscience, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
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15
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Lin H, Naveed M, Hansen A, Anthony TG, Cao R. The Antihypertensive Guanabenz Exacerbates Integrated Stress Response and Disrupts the Brain Circadian Clock. Clocks Sleep 2023; 5:639-650. [PMID: 37987394 PMCID: PMC10660470 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep5040043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates a variety of biological processes that are normally synchronized with the solar day. Disruption of circadian rhythms is associated with health problems. Understanding the signaling mechanisms that couple cell physiology and metabolism to circadian timekeeping will help to develop novel therapeutic strategies. The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated by the cellular stressors to maintain physiological homeostasis by orchestrating mRNA translation. Aberrant ISR has been found in a number of neurological diseases that exhibit disrupted circadian rhythms and sleep. Recent work has started to uncover a critical role for the ISR in regulating the physiology of the circadian clock. Guanabenz (2,6-dichlorobenzylidene aminoguanidine acetate) is an orally bioavailable α2-adrenergic receptor agonist that has been used as an antihypertensive for decades. Recent studies demonstrated that guanabenz can regulate the ISR. Here, we assessed the effects of guanabenz on cellular and behavioral circadian rhythms using a multidisciplinary approach. We found that guanabenz can induce the ISR by increasing eIF2α phosphorylation in cultured fibroblasts as well as in the mouse brain. The hyperphosphorylation of eIF2α by guanabenz is associated with the shortened circadian period in cells and animals and the disruption of behavioral circadian rhythms in mice. Guanabenz administration disrupted circadian oscillations of the clock protein Per1 and Per2 in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus, the master pacemaker. These results uncover a significant yet previously unidentified role of guanabenz in regulating circadian rhythms and indicate that exacerbated ISR activation can impair the functions of the brain's circadian clock by disrupting clock gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; (M.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Aidan Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; (M.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Tracy G. Anthony
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Ruifeng Cao
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; (M.N.); (A.H.)
- Department of Neurology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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16
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Whittaker DS, Akhmetova L, Carlin D, Romero H, Welsh DK, Colwell CS, Desplats P. Circadian modulation by time-restricted feeding rescues brain pathology and improves memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1704-1721.e6. [PMID: 37607543 PMCID: PMC10591997 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Circadian disruptions impact nearly all people with Alzheimer's disease (AD), emphasizing both their potential role in pathology and the critical need to investigate the therapeutic potential of circadian-modulating interventions. Here, we show that time-restricted feeding (TRF) without caloric restriction improved key disease components including behavioral timing, disease pathology, hippocampal transcription, and memory in two transgenic (TG) mouse models of AD. We found that TRF had the remarkable capability of simultaneously reducing amyloid deposition, increasing Aβ42 clearance, improving sleep and memory, and normalizing daily transcription patterns of multiple genes, including those associated with AD and neuroinflammation. Thus, our study unveils for the first time the pleiotropic nature of timed feeding on AD, which has far-reaching effects beyond metabolism, ameliorating neurodegeneration and the misalignment of circadian rhythmicity. Since TRF can substantially modify disease trajectory, this intervention has immediate translational potential, addressing the urgent demand for accessible approaches to reduce or halt AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Whittaker
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laila Akhmetova
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Carlin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Haylie Romero
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David K Welsh
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paula Desplats
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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17
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Pang Y, Zhu S, Xu J, Su C, Wu B, Zhang C, Gao J. Myeloid Cells As a Promising Target for Brain-Bone Degenerative Diseases from a Metabolic Point of View. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200321. [PMID: 36750967 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Brain and bone degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis are common in the aging population and lack efficient pharmacotherapies. Myeloid cells are a diverse group of mononuclear cells that plays important roles in development, immune defense, and tissue homeostasis. Aging drastically alters the expansion and function of myeloid cells, which might be a common pathogenesis of the brain-bone degenerative diseases. From this perspective, the role of myeloid cells in brain-bone degenerative diseases is discussed, with a particular focus on metabolic alterations in myeloid cells. Furthermore, targeting myeloid cells through metabolic regulation via drugs such as metformin and melatonin is proposed as a potential therapy for the clinical treatment of brain-bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Pang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Cuimin Su
- Jinjiang Municipal Hospital (Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Fujian), No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362200, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Jinjiang Municipal Hospital (Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Fujian), No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362200, China
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Hastings MH, Brancaccio M, Gonzalez-Aponte MF, Herzog ED. Circadian Rhythms and Astrocytes: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Annu Rev Neurosci 2023; 46:123-143. [PMID: 36854316 PMCID: PMC10381027 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-100322-112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the interface between circadian timekeeping and the regulation of brain function by astrocytes. Although astrocytes regulate neuronal activity across many time domains, their cell-autonomous circadian clocks exert a particular role in controlling longer-term oscillations of brain function: the maintenance of sleep states and the circadian ordering of sleep and wakefulness. This is most evident in the central circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, where the molecular clock of astrocytes suffices to drive daily cycles of neuronal activity and behavior. In Alzheimer's disease, sleep impairments accompany cognitive decline. In mouse models of the disease, circadian disturbances accelerate astroglial activation and other brain pathologies, suggesting that daily functions in astrocytes protect neuronal homeostasis. In brain cancer, treatment in the morning has been associated with prolonged survival, and gliomas have daily rhythms in gene expression and drug sensitivity. Thus, circadian time is fast becoming critical to elucidating reciprocal astrocytic-neuronal interactions in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Hastings
- Division of Neurobiology, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom;
| | - Marco Brancaccio
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria F Gonzalez-Aponte
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Erik D Herzog
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
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19
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Liu W, Ma R, Sun C, Xu Y, Liu Y, Hu J, Ma Y, Wang D, Wen D, Yu Y. Implications from proteomic studies investigating circadian rhythm disorder-regulated neurodegenerative disease pathology. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 70:101789. [PMID: 37253318 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) affect 15% of the world's population and are becoming an increasingly common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Circadian rhythm disorders (CRDs) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenic regulation of various neurologic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Proteomic technology is helpful to explore treatment targets for CRDs in patients with NDs. Here, we review the key differentially expressed (DE) proteins identified in previous proteomic studies investigating NDs, CRDs and associated models and the related pathways identified by enrichment analysis. Furthermore, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the above studies and propose new proteomic technologies for the precise study of circadian disorder-mediated regulation of ND pathology. This review provides a theoretical and technical reference for the precise study of circadian disorder-mediated regulation of ND pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruze Ma
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Department of Gerontology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingxi Xu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiajin Hu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Deliang Wen
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
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20
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Suzen S, Saso L. Melatonin as mitochondria-targeted drug. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 136:249-276. [PMID: 37437980 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage is associated to numerous diseases as well as aging development. Mitochondria found in most eukaryotic organisms to create the energy of the cell, generate free radicals during its action and they are chief targets of the oxidants. Mitochondrial activities outspread outside the borders of the cell and effect human physiology by modulating interactions among cells and tissues. Therefore, it has been implicated in several human disorders and conditions. Melatonin (MLT) is an endogenously created indole derivative that modifies several tasks, involving mitochondria-associated activities. These possessions make MLT a powerful defender against a selection of free radical-linked disorders. MLT lessens mitochondrial anomalies causing from extreme oxidative stress and may improve mitochondrial physiology. It is a potent and inducible antioxidant for mitochondria. MLT is produced in mitochondria of conceivably of all cells and it also appears to be a mitochondria directed antioxidant which has related defensive properties as the synthesized antioxidant molecules. This chapter summarizes the suggestion that MLT is produced in mitochondria as well as disorders of mitochondrial MLT production that may associate to a number of mitochondria-linked diseases. MLT as a mitochondria-targeted drug is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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21
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Morrone CD, Raghuraman R, Hussaini SA, Yu WH. Proteostasis failure exacerbates neuronal circuit dysfunction and sleep impairments in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:27. [PMID: 37085942 PMCID: PMC10119020 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Failed proteostasis is a well-documented feature of Alzheimer's disease, particularly, reduced protein degradation and clearance. However, the contribution of failed proteostasis to neuronal circuit dysfunction is an emerging concept in neurodegenerative research and will prove critical in understanding cognitive decline. Our objective is to convey Alzheimer's disease progression with the growing evidence for a bidirectional relationship of sleep disruption and proteostasis failure. Proteostasis dysfunction and tauopathy in Alzheimer's disease disrupts neurons that regulate the sleep-wake cycle, which presents behavior as impaired slow wave and rapid eye movement sleep patterns. Subsequent sleep loss further impairs protein clearance. Sleep loss is a defined feature seen early in many neurodegenerative disorders and contributes to memory impairments in Alzheimer's disease. Canonical pathological hallmarks, β-amyloid, and tau, directly disrupt sleep, and neurodegeneration of locus coeruleus, hippocampal and hypothalamic neurons from tau proteinopathy causes disruption of the neuronal circuitry of sleep. Acting in a positive-feedback-loop, sleep loss and circadian rhythm disruption then increase spread of β-amyloid and tau, through impairments of proteasome, autophagy, unfolded protein response and glymphatic clearance. This phenomenon extends beyond β-amyloid and tau, with interactions of sleep impairment with the homeostasis of TDP-43, α-synuclein, FUS, and huntingtin proteins, implicating sleep loss as an important consideration in an array of neurodegenerative diseases and in cases of mixed neuropathology. Critically, the dynamics of this interaction in the neurodegenerative environment are not fully elucidated and are deserving of further discussion and research. Finally, we propose sleep-enhancing therapeutics as potential interventions for promoting healthy proteostasis, including β-amyloid and tau clearance, mechanistically linking these processes. With further clinical and preclinical research, we propose this dynamic interaction as a diagnostic and therapeutic framework, informing precise single- and combinatorial-treatments for Alzheimer's disease and other brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Daniel Morrone
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
| | - Radha Raghuraman
- Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - S Abid Hussaini
- Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Wai Haung Yu
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Geriatric Mental Health Research Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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22
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Hoyt KR, Li A, Yoon H, Weisenseel Z, Watkins J, Fischer A, Obrietan K. Ribosomal S6 Kinase Regulates the Timing and Entrainment of the Mammalian Circadian Clock Located in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus. Neuroscience 2023; 516:15-26. [PMID: 36796752 PMCID: PMC10099606 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous work in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the locus of the principal circadian clock, has shown that the activation state of the ERK/MAPK effector p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) is responsive to photic stimulation and is modulated across the circadian cycle. These data raise the prospect that RSK signaling contributes to both SCN clock timing and entrainment. Here, we found marked expression of the three main RSK isoforms (RSK1/2/3) within the SCN of C57/Bl6 mice. Further, using a combination of immunolabeling and proximity ligation assays, we show that photic stimulation led to the dissociation of RSK from ERK and the translocation of RSK from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. To test for RSK functionality following light treatment, animals received an intraventricular infusion of the selective RSK inhibitor, SL0101, 30 min prior to light (100 lux) exposure during the early circadian night (circadian time 15). Notably, the disruption of RSK signaling led to a significant reduction (∼45 min) in the phase delaying effects of light, relative to vehicle-infused mice. To test the potential contribution of RSK signaling to SCN pacemaker activity, slice cultures from a per1-Venus circadian reporter mouse line were chronically treated with SL0101. Suppression of RSK signaling led to a significant lengthening of the circadian period (∼40 min), relative to vehicle-treated slices. Together, these data reveal that RSK functions as a signaling intermediate that regulates light-evoked clock entrainment and the inherent time keeping properties of the SCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari R Hoyt
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Aiqing Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hyojung Yoon
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zachary Weisenseel
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jacob Watkins
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alex Fischer
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Karl Obrietan
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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23
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Chandra S, Sisodia SS, Vassar RJ. The gut microbiome in Alzheimer's disease: what we know and what remains to be explored. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:9. [PMID: 36721148 PMCID: PMC9889249 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, results in a sustained decline in cognition. There are currently few effective disease modifying therapies for AD, but insights into the mechanisms that mediate the onset and progression of disease may lead to new, effective therapeutic strategies. Amyloid beta oligomers and plaques, tau aggregates, and neuroinflammation play a critical role in neurodegeneration and impact clinical AD progression. The upstream modulators of these pathological features have not been fully clarified, but recent evidence indicates that the gut microbiome (GMB) may have an influence on these features and therefore may influence AD progression in human patients. In this review, we summarize studies that have identified alterations in the GMB that correlate with pathophysiology in AD patients and AD mouse models. Additionally, we discuss findings with GMB manipulations in AD models and potential GMB-targeted therapeutics for AD. Lastly, we discuss diet, sleep, and exercise as potential modifiers of the relationship between the GMB and AD and conclude with future directions and recommendations for further studies of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhanth Chandra
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Robert J. Vassar
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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24
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Van Drunen R, Eckel-Mahan K. Circadian rhythms as modulators of brain health during development and throughout aging. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 16:1059229. [PMID: 36741032 PMCID: PMC9893507 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.1059229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock plays a prominent role in neurons during development and throughout aging. This review covers topics pertinent to the role of 24-h rhythms in neuronal development and function, and their tendency to decline with aging. Pharmacological or behavioral modification that augment the function of our internal clock may be central to decline of cognitive disease and to future chronotherapy for aging-related diseases of the central nervous system.
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25
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Ezzati A, Pak VM. The effects of time-restricted eating on sleep, cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's disease. Exp Gerontol 2023; 171:112033. [PMID: 36403899 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
According to the United Nations, by 2050, one in six individuals will be over age 65 globally, and one in four people would be aged 65 and older in western countries. The unprecedented growth of the aging population is associated with increased age-related disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To date, no cure is known for AD, thus lifestyle interventions including calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted eating (TRE) are proposed as potential approach to delay the onset and progression of the disease. Sleep disturbances are common in people with MCI and AD. Moreover, accumulating data indicates that pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 increase in individuals with AD and MCI versus healthy subjects. Thus, the purpose of the present review is to describe the potential effects of TRE on sleep, cognition decline, and neuroinflammatory markers in humans. Preliminary evidence suggests that TRE may produce neuroprotective effects on cognition and reduce neuroinflammatory markers related to AD in humans. To date, no studies investigated the effects of TRE on sleep disturbances and patients with AD. Thereby, the impact of TRE on cognition in individuals with cognitive decline and AD needs to be investigated further in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Ezzati
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; Physical Activity and Nutrition Clinical Research Consortium, College of Health and Human Sciences, Manhattan, KS, USA.
| | - Victoria M Pak
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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26
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Luo H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Li J, Hu R, Zhang Z, Liao Q, Zhou X, Deng W, Yang J, Luo Q. Can circadian rhythm predict changes in neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder: protocol of a 12-month longitudinal cohort study based on research domain criteria. Ann Med 2023; 55:2240422. [PMID: 37506182 PMCID: PMC10392262 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2240422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a prevalent and disabling mental disorder characterized by disrupted circadian rhythms and impaired neurocognitive features, both of which fall under the major domains of Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). However, there is limited evidence regarding the interaction between circadian rhythms and long-term neurocognitive functioning. Therefore, this longitudinal cohort study protocol aims to explore whether circadian rhythm can predict changes in neurocognitive functioning over time in patients with BD.Methods: This study adopts a longitudinal cohort design, aiming to recruit 100 BD patients in either depressive or remitted states. Participants will undergo evaluations from clinical, circadian rhythm, and neurocognitive perspectives at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups, involving questionnaires, actigraphy, and computed neurocognitive tests. We will examine both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between participants' circadian rhythm patterns and neurocognitive functioning. Statistical analyses will employ Spearman correlation and mixed regression models.Discussion: We anticipate that circadian rhythms may serve as predictors of neurocognitive functioning changes. The findings of this study could offer supplementary insights into BD pathophysiology, potential treatment targets, and prediction.Trial Registration: This study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry under the registration code ChiCTR2200064922 on 21st October 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinlin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Renqin Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Liao
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic, Chongqing KingMed Institute for Clinical Laboratory Co.LTD, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghua Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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27
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Vandenberghe A, Lefranc M, Furlan A. An Overview of the Circadian Clock in the Frame of Chronotherapy: From Bench to Bedside. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071424. [PMID: 35890319 PMCID: PMC9317821 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most living organisms in both the plant and animal kingdoms have evolved processes to stay in tune with the alternation of day and night, and to optimize their physiology as a function of light supply. In mammals, a circadian clock relying on feedback loops between key transcription factors will thus control the temporally regulated pattern of expression of most genes. Modern ways of life have highly altered the synchronization of human activities with their circadian clocks. This review discusses the links between an altered circadian clock and the rise of pathologies. We then sum up the proofs of concept advocating for the integration of circadian clock considerations in chronotherapy for health care, medicine, and pharmacotherapy. Finally, we discuss the current challenges that circadian biology must face and the tools to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Vandenberghe
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Marc Lefranc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France;
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessandro Furlan
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France;
- Tumorigenesis and Resistance to Treatment Unit, Centre Oscar Lambret, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (A.F.)
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