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Kannen V, Grant DM, Matthews J. The mast cell-T lymphocyte axis impacts cancer: Friend or foe? Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216805. [PMID: 38462035 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Crosstalk between mast cells (MCs) and T lymphocytes (TLs) releases specific signals that create an environment conducive to tumor development. Conversely, they can protect against cancer by targeting tumor cells for destruction. Although their role in immunity and cancer is complex, their potential in anticancer strategies is often underestimated. When peripheral MCs are activated, they can affect cancer development. Tumor-infiltrating TLs may malfunction and contribute to aggressive cancer and poor prognoses. One promising approach for cancer patients is TL-based immunotherapies. Recent reports suggest that MCs modulate TL activity in solid tumors and may be a potential therapeutic layer in multitargeting anticancer strategies. Pharmacologically modulating MC activity can enhance the anticancer cytotoxic TL response in tumors. By identifying tumor-specific targets, it has been possible to genetically alter patients' cells into fully humanized anticancer cellular therapies for autologous transplantation, including the engineering of TLs and MCs to target and kill cancer cells. Hence, recent scientific evidence provides a broader understanding of MC-TL activity in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Kannen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Denis M Grant
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Matthews
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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2
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Rong D, Su Y, Jia D, Zeng Z, Yang Y, Wei D, Lu H, Cao Y. Experimentally validated oxidative stress -associated prognostic signatures describe the immune landscape and predict the drug response and prognosis of SKCM. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1387316. [PMID: 38660305 PMCID: PMC11039952 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1387316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM) incidence is continually increasing, with chemotherapy and immunotherapy being among the most common cancer treatment modalities. This study aims to identify novel biomarkers for chemotherapy and immunotherapy response in SKCM and explore their association with oxidative stress. Methods Utilizing TCGA-SKCM RNA-seq data, we employed Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks to identify six core genes. Gene co-expression analysis and immune-related analysis were conducted, and specific markers associated with oxidative stress were identified using Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA). Single-cell analysis revealed the expression patterns of Oxidative Stress-Associated Genes (OSAG) in the tumor microenvironment. TIDE analysis was employed to explore the association between immune therapy response and OSAG, while CIBERSORT was used to analyze the tumor immune microenvironment. The BEST database demonstrated the impact of the Oxidative Stress signaling pathway on chemotherapy drug resistance. Immunohistochemical staining and ROC curve evaluation were performed to assess the protein expression levels of core genes in SKCM and normal samples, with survival analysis utilized to determine their diagnostic value. Results We identified six central genes associated with SKCM metastasis, among which the expression of DSC2 and DSC3 involved in the oxidative stress pathway was closely related to immune cell infiltration. DSC2 influenced drug resistance in SKMC patients. Furthermore, downregulation of DSC2 and DSC3 expression enhanced the response of SKCM patients to immunotherapy. Conclusion This study identified two Oxidative Stress-Associated genes as novel biomarkers for SKCM. Additionally, targeting the oxidative stress pathway may serve as a new strategy in clinical practice to enhance SKCM chemotherapy and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Rong
- Clinical Medical School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yushen Su
- Clinical Medical School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Dechao Jia
- Clinical Medical School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhirui Zeng
- Department of anorectal surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, Guizhou, China
| | - Dalong Wei
- Department of Burns, Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Pathology of Baise, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Honguan Lu
- Clinical Medical School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Clinical Medical School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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3
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Gali A, Bijnsdorp IV, Piersma SR, Pham TV, Gutiérrez-Galindo E, Kühnel F, Tsolakos N, Jimenez CR, Hausser A, Alexopoulos LG. Protein kinase D drives the secretion of invasion mediators in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. iScience 2024; 27:108958. [PMID: 38323010 PMCID: PMC10844833 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase D (PKD) family members regulate the fission of cargo vesicles at the Golgi complex and play a pro-oncogenic role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Whether PKD facilitates the secretion of tumor-promoting factors in TNBC, however, is still unknown. Using the pharmacological inhibition of PKD activity and siRNA-mediated depletion of PKD2 and PKD3, we identified the PKD-dependent secretome of the TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics and antibody-based assays revealed a significant downregulation of extracellular matrix related proteins and pro-invasive factors such as LIF, MMP-1, MMP-13, IL-11, M-CSF and GM-CSF in PKD-perturbed cells. Notably, secretion of these proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells was predominantly controlled by PKD2 and enhanced spheroid invasion. Consistently, PKD-dependent secretion of pro-invasive factors was more pronounced in metastatic TNBC cell lines. Our study thus uncovers a novel role of PKD2 in releasing a pro-invasive secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Gali
- Biomedical Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
- Protavio Ltd, Demokritos Science Park, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Irene V. Bijnsdorp
- Department of Urology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, OncoProteomics Laboratory, de Boelelaan 1117, , Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Sander R. Piersma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, OncoProteomics Laboratory, de Boelelaan 1117, , Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Thang V. Pham
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, OncoProteomics Laboratory, de Boelelaan 1117, , Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | | | - Fiona Kühnel
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nikos Tsolakos
- Protavio Ltd, Demokritos Science Park, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Connie R. Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, OncoProteomics Laboratory, de Boelelaan 1117, , Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Angelika Hausser
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Center for Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Leonidas G. Alexopoulos
- Biomedical Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
- Protavio Ltd, Demokritos Science Park, 15341 Athens, Greece
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Huang L, Xie S, Zhang Y, Du W, Liang X, Pan W, Yang F, Niu R, Chen H, Geng L, Xiang L, Gong S, Xu W. The novel mechanism of human norovirus induced diarrhea: Activation of PKD2 caused by HuNoVs destroyed AQP3 expression through AP2γ in intestinal epithelial cells. Life Sci 2024; 337:122348. [PMID: 38103725 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Our previous work has demonstrated protein kinase D2 (PKD2) played a critical influence in experimental colitis in animal. However, the role of PKD2 in human norovirus (HuNoVs)-induced diarrhea remained unknown. Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) expression, a critical protein mediating diarrhea, was assessed by western blot, qRT-PCR in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Luciferase, IF, IP and ChIP assay were used to explore the mechanism through which HuNoVs regulated AQP3. Herein, we found that AQP3 expression was drastically decreased in IECs in response to VP1 transfection, the major capsid protein of HuNoVs, or HuNoVs infection. Mechanistically, HuNoVs triggered phosphorylation of PKD2 through TLR2/MyD88/IRAK4, which further inhibited AP2γ activation and nuclear translocation, leading to suppress AQP3 transactivation in IECs. Most importantly, PKD2 interacted with MyD88/IRAK4, and VP1 overexpression enhanced this complex form, which, in turn, to increase PKD2 phosphorylation. In addition, endogenous PKD2 interacted with AP2γ, and this interaction was enhanced in response to HuNoVs treatment, and subsequently resulting in AP2γ phosphorylation inhibition. Moreover, inhibition of PKD2 activation could reverse the inhibitory effect of HuNoVs on AQP3 expression. In summary, we established a novel mechanism that HuNoV inhibited AQP3 expression through TLR2/MyD88/IRAK4/PKD2 signaling pathway, targeting PKD2 activity could be a promising strategy for prevention of HuNoVs-induced gastroenteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Shuping Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Putian Ninety-Five Hospital, Putian 351100, China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Xinhua Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Wenxu Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Fangying Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Rongwei Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China.
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China.
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China.
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Cilleros-Rodríguez D, Toledo-Lobo MV, Martínez-Martínez D, Baquero P, Angulo JC, Chiloeches A, Iglesias T, Lasa M. Protein kinase D activity is a risk biomarker in prostate cancer that drives cell invasion by a Snail/ERK dependent mechanism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166851. [PMID: 37611675 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PKD) family members play controversial roles in prostate cancer (PC). Thus, PKD1 is nearly absent in advanced tumours, where PKD2 and PKD3 are upregulated. Additionally, consequences of activation of these kinases on PC progression remain largely unclear. Here, we first investigated PKD function on PC cell motility, analysing the underlying molecular mechanisms. We find a striking decrease of Snail levels after PKD inhibition followed by cell migration and invasion impairment, demonstrating an unprecedented role of PKD activity on the regulation of this key transcription factor in PC progression. Specifically, we show that PKD2 activity mediates the effects of MEK/ERK pathway on Snail expression, establishing a joint function of ERK/PKD2/Snail cascade in PC cell invasion regulation. These results led us to address the clinical relevance of the correlation between PKD2 and ERK activities with Snail abundance in samples from PC patients at different stages, analysing its impact on tumour prognosis and patients´ survival. Importantly, this is the first study defining a direct correlation between active PKD2 and Snail levels, further linked to ERK activity. We also evidence that PKD2 activity is associated with important poor prognostic factors. Thus, PC patients with the expression pattern: active PKD2high/active ERKhigh/Snailhigh exhibit increased invasiveness and metastasis, and decreased survival. Our findings provide new insights for understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in PC progression, pinpointing the combination of active PKD2 and Snail levels, with the additional measurement of active ERK, as a confident biomarker to predict clinical outcome of patients with advanced PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darío Cilleros-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Val Toledo-Lobo
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; IRYCIS, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Desirée Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Baquero
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier C Angulo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Chiloeches
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Iglesias
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain; CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neuro-degenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Lasa
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
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Guo X, Sun M, Yang P, Meng X, Liu R. Role of mast cells activation in the tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy of cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176103. [PMID: 37852570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The mast cell is an important cellular component that plays a crucial role in the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, numerous studies have indicated that mast cells related to tumors play a dual role in regulating cancers, with conflicting results seemingly determined by the degranulation medium. As such, mast cells are an ignored but very promising potential target for cancer immunotherapy based on their immunomodulatory function. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the roles and mechanisms of mast cells in diverse cancer types. Firstly, we evaluated the infiltration density and location of mast cells on tumor progression. Secondly, mast cells are activated by the TME and subsequently release a range of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, chemokines, and lipid products that modulate their pro-or anti-tumor functions. Thirdly, activated mast cells engage in intercellular communication with other immune or stromal cells to modulate the immune status or promote tumor development. Finally, we deliberated on the clinical significance of targeting mast cells as a therapeutic approach to restrict tumor initiation and progression. Overall, our review aims to provide insights for future research on the role of mast cells in tumors and their potential as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingchen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Pan W, Xiang L, Liang X, Du W, Zhao J, Zhang S, Zhou X, Geng L, Gong S, Xu W. Vitronectin Destroyed Intestinal Epithelial Cell Differentiation through Activation of PDE4-Mediated Ferroptosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:6623329. [PMID: 37501933 PMCID: PMC10371469 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6623329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Vitronectin (VTN) has been reported to trigger cell pyroptosis to aggravate inflammation in our previous study. However, the function of VTN in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains to be addressed. Methods Real-time PCR and western blotting were performed to analyze VTN-regulated intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) differentiation through ferroptosis, and immunofluorescence (IF), luciferase, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to identify whether VTN-modulated ferroptosis is dependent on phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element-binding protein (CREB) cascade pathway. In vivo experiment in mice and a pilot study in patients with IBD were used to confirm inhibition of PDE4-alleviated IECs ferroptosis, leading to cell differentiation during mucosal healing. Results Herein, we found that caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2-mediated IECs differentiation was impaired in response to VTN, which was attributed to enhanced ferroptosis characterized by decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and solute carrier family 7 member 11 expression. Inhibition of ferroptosis in IECs rescued the inhibitory effect of VTN on cell differentiation. Further analysis showed that VTN triggered phosphorylation of PDE4, leading to inhibit PKA/CREB activation and CREB nuclear translocation, which further reduced GPX4 transactivation. Endogenous PKA interacted with CREB, and this interaction was destroyed in response to VTN stimulation. What is more, overexpression of CREB in CaCO2 cells overcame the promotion of VTN on ferroptosis. Most importantly, inhibition of PDE4 by roflumilast or dipyridamole could alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice and in a pilot clinical study confirmed by IF. Conclusions These findings demonstrated that highly expressed VTN disrupted IECs differentiation through PDE4-mediated ferroptosis in IBD, suggesting targeting PDE4 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Xinhua Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Junhong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
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Stark MC, Joubert AM, Visagie MH. Molecular Farming of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10045. [PMID: 37373192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a class of immunotherapy agents capable of alleviating the immunosuppressive effects exerted by tumorigenic cells. The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint is one of the most ubiquitous checkpoints utilized by tumorigenic cells for immune evasion by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the proliferation and cytokine production of T lymphocytes. Currently, the most frequently used ICIs targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) pembrolizumab and nivolumab that bind to PD-1 on T lymphocytes and inhibit interaction with PD-L1 on tumorigenic cells. However, pembrolizumab and nivolumab are costly, and thus their accessibility is limited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, it is essential to develop novel biomanufacturing platforms capable of reducing the cost of these two therapies. Molecular farming is one such platform utilizing plants for mAb production, and it has been demonstrated to be a rapid, low-cost, and scalable platform that can be potentially implemented in LMICs to diminish the exorbitant prices, ultimately leading to a significant reduction in cancer-related mortalities within these countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Stark
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Anna M Joubert
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Michelle H Visagie
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
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Sulsenti R, Jachetti E. Frenemies in the Microenvironment: Harnessing Mast Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1692. [PMID: 37376140 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor development, progression, and resistance to therapies are influenced by the interactions between tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment, comprising fibroblasts, immune cells, and extracellular matrix proteins. In this context, mast cells (MCs) have recently emerged as important players. Yet, their role is still controversial, as MCs can exert pro- or anti-tumor functions in different tumor types depending on their location within or around the tumor mass and their interaction with other components of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we describe the main aspects of MC biology and the different contribution of MCs in promoting or inhibiting cancer growth. We then discuss possible therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting MCs for cancer immunotherapy, which include: (1) targeting c-Kit signaling; (2) stabilizing MC degranulation; (3) triggering activating/inhibiting receptors; (4) modulating MC recruitment; (5) harnessing MC mediators; (6) adoptive transferring of MCs. Such strategies should aim to either restrain or sustain MC activity according to specific contexts. Further investigation would allow us to better dissect the multifaceted roles of MCs in cancer and tailor novel approaches for an "MC-guided" personalized medicine to be used in combination with conventional anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Sulsenti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Jachetti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Kim HS, Park SC, Kim HJ, Lee DY. Inhibition of DAMP actions in the tumoral microenvironment using lactoferrin-glycyrrhizin conjugate for glioblastoma therapy. Biomater Res 2023; 27:52. [PMID: 37210579 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00391-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) released from the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the tumor progression. HMGB1 serves as a damaged-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that induces tumor angiogenesis and its development. Glycyrrhizin (GL) is an effective intracellular antagonist of tumor released HMGB1, but its pharmacokinetics (PK) and delivery to tumor site is deficient. To address this shortcoming, we developed lactoferrin-glycyrrhizin (Lf-GL) conjugate. METHODS Biomolecular interaction between Lf-GL and HMGB1 was evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) binding affinity assay. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and development by Lf-GL attenuating HMGB1 action in the tumor microenvironment was comprehensively evaluated through in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Pharmacokinetic study and anti-tumor effects of Lf-GL were investigated in orthotopic glioblastoma mice model. RESULTS Lf-GL interacts with lactoferrin receptor (LfR) expressed on BBB and GBM, therefore, efficiently inhibits HMGB1 in both the cytoplasmic and extracellular regions of tumors. Regarding the tumor microenvironment, Lf-GL inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth by blocking HMGB1 released from necrotic tumors and preventing recruitment of vascular endothelial cells. In addition, Lf-GL improved the PK properties of GL approximately tenfold in the GBM mouse model and reduced tumor growth by 32%. Concurrently, various biomarkers for tumor were radically diminished. CONCLUSION Collectively, our study demonstrates a close association between HMGB1 and tumor progression, suggesting Lf-GL as a potential strategy for coping with DAMP-related tumor microenvironment. HMGB1 is a tumor-promoting DAMP in the tumor microenvironment. The high binding capability of Lf-GL to HMGB1 inhibits tumor progression cascade such as tumor angiogenesis, development, and metastasis. Lf-GL targets GBM through interaction with LfR and allows to arrest HMGB1 released from the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, Lf-GL can be a GBM treatment by modulating HMGB1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Shik Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, and Elixir Pharmatech Inc, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Chan Park
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, and Elixir Pharmatech Inc, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jin Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, and Elixir Pharmatech Inc, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, and Elixir Pharmatech Inc, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) & Institute For Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Elixir Pharmatech Inc., Seoul, 07463, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Potential role for protein kinase D inhibitors in prostate cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:341-349. [PMID: 36843036 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PrKD), a novel serine-threonine kinase, belongs to a family of calcium calmodulin kinases that consists of three isoforms: PrKD1, PrKD2, and PrKD3. The PrKD isoforms play a major role in pathologic processes such as cardiac hypertrophy and cancer progression. The charter member of the family, PrKD1, is the most extensively studied isoform. PrKD play a dual role as both a proto-oncogene and a tumor suppressor depending on the cellular context. The duplicity of PrKD can be highlighted in advanced prostate cancer (PCa) where expression of PrKD1 is suppressed whereas the expressions of PrKD2 and PrKD3 are upregulated to aid in cancer progression. As understanding of the PrKD signaling pathways has been better elucidated, interest has been garnered in the development of PrKD inhibitors. The broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor staurosporine acts as a potent PrKD inhibitor and is the most well-known; however, several other novel and more specific PrKD inhibitors have been developed over the last two decades. While there is tremendous potential for PrKD inhibitors to be used in a clinical setting, none has progressed beyond preclinical trials due to a variety of challenges. In this review, we focus on PrKD signaling in PCa and the potential role of PrKD inhibitors therein, and explore the possible clinical outcomes based on known function and expression of PrKD isoforms at different stages of PCa.
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12
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Messex JK, Liou GY. Impact of Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment of Prostate Cancer Metastasis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:333. [PMID: 36836690 PMCID: PMC9967893 DOI: 10.3390/life13020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in senior American men. Currently, the five-year survival rate after the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer is close to 100%. However, it is also the second leading cause of cancer death in senior men due to the dissemination of prostate cancer cells outside of the prostate causing growth in other organs, known as metastatic prostate cancer. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in the development, progression and metastasis of prostate cancer. One of the major components of the TME contains various types of immune cells, often recruited by cancer cells to the cancer formation areas. The interactions among prostate cancer cells and the infiltrating immune cells affect the outcome of prostate cancer. Here, we summarize the mechanisms various infiltrating immune cells use to regulate prostate cancer metastasis and possibly lead to the development of treatment strategies. Furthermore, the information here may also give rise to preventative strategies that focus on targeting the TME of prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin K. Messex
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Geou-Yarh Liou
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
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13
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Varga A, Nguyen MT, Pénzes K, Bátai B, Gyulavári P, Gurbi B, Murányi J, Csermely P, Csala M, Vántus T, Sőti C. Protein Kinase D3 (PKD3) Requires Hsp90 for Stability and Promotion of Prostate Cancer Cell Migration. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020212. [PMID: 36672148 PMCID: PMC9857065 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer metastasis is a significant cause of mortality in men. PKD3 facilitates tumor growth and metastasis, however, its regulation is largely unclear. The Hsp90 chaperone stabilizes an array of signaling client proteins, thus is an enabler of the malignant phenotype. Here, using different prostate cancer cell lines, we report that Hsp90 ensures PKD3 conformational stability and function to promote cancer cell migration. We found that pharmacological inhibition of either PKDs or Hsp90 dose-dependently abrogated the migration of DU145 and PC3 metastatic prostate cancer cells. Hsp90 inhibition by ganetespib caused a dose-dependent depletion of PKD2, PKD3, and Akt, which are all involved in metastasis formation. Proximity ligation assay and immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated a physical interaction between Hsp90 and PKD3. Inhibition of the chaperone-client interaction induced misfolding and proteasomal degradation of PKD3. PKD3 siRNA combined with ganetespib treatment demonstrated a specific involvement of PKD3 in DU145 and PC3 cell migration, which was entirely dependent on Hsp90. Finally, ectopic expression of PKD3 enhanced migration of non-metastatic LNCaP cells in an Hsp90-dependent manner. Altogether, our findings identify PKD3 as an Hsp90 client and uncover a potential mechanism of Hsp90 in prostate cancer metastasis. The molecular interaction revealed here may regulate other biological and pathological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Varga
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Minh Tu Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga Pénzes
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Bátai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Gyulavári
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- IQVIA Hungary, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bianka Gurbi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Murányi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Csermely
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Csala
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Vántus
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Sőti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (C.S.)
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14
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Shi S, Ye L, Yu X, Jin K, Wu W. Focus on mast cells in the tumor microenvironment: Current knowledge and future directions. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188845. [PMID: 36476563 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are crucial cells participating in both innate and adaptive immune processes that play important roles in protecting human health and in the pathophysiology of various diseases, such as allergies, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. In the context of tumors, MCs are a non-negligible population of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In most tumor types, MCs accumulate in both the tumor tissue and the surrounding tissue. MCs interact with multiple components of the TME, affecting TME remodeling and the tumor cell fate. However, controversy persists regarding whether MCs contribute to tumor progression or trigger an anti-tumor immune response. This review focuses on the context of the TME to explore the specific properties and functions of MCs and discusses the crosstalk that occurs between MCs and other components of the TME, which affect tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and tumor immunity through different mechanisms. We also anticipate the potential role of MCs in cancer immunotherapy, which might expand upon the success achieved with existing cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saimeng Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Longyun Ye
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Kaizhou Jin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Weiding Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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15
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Li G, Fan M, Zheng Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Luo W, Zhao W, Lai X, Chen H, Zeng F, Deng F. Osteoblastic protein kinase D1 contributes to the prostate cancer cells dormancy via GAS6-circadian clock signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119296. [PMID: 35595103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Disseminated prostate cancer (PCa) is known to have a strong propensity for bone marrow. These disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can survive in bone marrow for years without obvious proliferation, while maintaining the ability to develop into metastatic lesions. However, how DTCs kept dormant and recur is still uncertain. Here, we focus on the role of osteoblastic protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in PCa (PC-3 and DU145) dormancy using co-culture experiments. Using flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunofluorescence, we observed that in co-cultures osteoblasts could induce a dormant state in PCa cells, which is manifested by a fewer cell divisions, a decrease Ki-67-positive populations and a lower ERK/p38 ratio. In contrast, silencing of PKD1 gene in osteoblasts impedes co-cultured prostate cancer cell's dormancy ability. Mechanismly, protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in osteoblasts induces PCa dormancy via activating CREB1, which promoting the expression and secretion of growth arrest specific 6 (GAS6). Furthermore, GAS6-induced dormancy signaling significantly increased the expression of core circadian clock molecules in PCa cells, and a negative correlation of circadian clock proteins (BMAL1, CLOCK and DEC2) with recurrence-free survival is observed in metastatic prostate cancer patients. Interestingly, the expression of cell cycle factors (p21, p27, CDK1 and PCNA) which regulated by circadian clock also upregulated in response to GAS6 stimulation. Taken together, we provide evidence that osteoblastic PKD1/CREB1/GAS6 signaling regulates cellular dormancy of PCa cells, and highlights the importance of circadian clock in PCa cells dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihuan Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mingming Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zenan Zheng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, China
| | - Yihe Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhishuai Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenyang Luo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wanlu Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoju Lai
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fangyin Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, China.
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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16
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Zhou Q, Yang C, Mou Z, Wu S, Dai X, Chen X, Ou Y, Zhang L, Sha J, Jiang H. Identification and validation of a poor clinical outcome subtype of primary prostate cancer with Midkine abundance. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3698-3709. [PMID: 36018546 PMCID: PMC9633304 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies identified Midkine (MDK) as playing a key role in immune regulation. In this study, we aimed to discover the clinical significance and translational relevance in prostate cancer (PCa). We retrospectively analyzed 759 PCa patients who underwent radical prostatectomy from Huashan Hospital, Fudan University (training cohort, n = 369) and Chinese Prostate Cancer Consortium (validation cohort, n = 390). A total of 325 PCa patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (external cohort) were analyzed for exploration. Immune landscape and antitumor immunity were assessed through immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Patient‐derived explant culture system was applied for evaluating the targeting potential of MDK. We found that intratumoral MDK expression correlated with PCa progression, which indicated an unfavorable biochemical recurrence (BCR)‐free survival for postoperative PCa patients. Addition of MDK expression to the postoperative risk assessment tool CAPRA‐S could improve its prognostic value. Tumors with MDK abundance characterized the tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells with less cytotoxicity production and increased immune checkpoint expression, which were accompanied by enriched immunosuppressive contexture. Moreover, MDK inhibition could reactivate CD8+ T cell antitumor immunity. MDK mRNA expression negatively correlated with androgen receptor activity signature and positively associated with radiotherapy‐related signature. In conclusion, intratumoral MDK expression could serve as an independent prognosticator for BCR in postoperative PCa patients. MDK expression impaired the antitumor function of CD8+ T cells through orchestrating an immunoevasive microenvironment, which could be reversed by MDK inhibition. Moreover, tumors with MDK enrichment possessed potential sensitivity to postoperative radiotherapy while resistance to adjuvant hormonal therapy of PCa. MDK could be considered as a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zezhong Mou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqi Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Dai
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinan Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxi Ou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Sha
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Spano D, Colanzi A. Golgi Complex: A Signaling Hub in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:1990. [PMID: 35805075 PMCID: PMC9265605 DOI: 10.3390/cells11131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi Complex is the central hub in the endomembrane system and serves not only as a biosynthetic and processing center but also as a trafficking and sorting station for glycoproteins and lipids. In addition, it is an active signaling hub involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes, including cell polarity, motility, growth, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, DNA repair and stress responses. As such, the dysregulation of the Golgi Complex-centered signaling cascades contributes to the onset of several pathological conditions, including cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the signaling pathways regulated by the Golgi Complex and implicated in promoting cancer hallmarks and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Spano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Colanzi
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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18
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Nascente EDP, Amorim RL, Fonseca-Alves CE, de Moura VMBD. Comparative Pathobiology of Canine and Human Prostate Cancer: State of the Art and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2727. [PMID: 35681707 PMCID: PMC9179314 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
First described in 1817, prostate cancer is considered a complex neoplastic entity, and one of the main causes of death in men in the western world. In dogs, prostatic carcinoma (PC) exhibits undifferentiated morphology with different phenotypes, is hormonally independent of aggressive character, and has high rates of metastasis to different organs. Although in humans, the risk factors for tumor development are known, in dogs, this scenario is still unclear, especially regarding castration. Therefore, with the advent of molecular biology, studies were and are carried out with the aim of identifying the main molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of canine PC, aiming to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted treatment. However, there are extensive gaps to be filled, especially when considering the dog as experimental model for the study of this neoplasm in humans. Thus, due to the complexity of the subject, the objective of this review is to present the main pathobiological aspects of canine PC from a comparative point of view to the same neoplasm in the human species, addressing the historical context and current understanding in the scientific field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo de Paula Nascente
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74001-970, Brazil;
| | - Renée Laufer Amorim
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil;
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil;
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19
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Unveiling OASIS family as a key player in hypoxia-ischemia cases induced by cocaine using generative adversarial networks. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6734. [PMID: 35469040 PMCID: PMC9038918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10772-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated cocaine use poses many serious health risks to users. One of the risks is hypoxia and ischemia (HI). To restore the biological system against HI, complex biological mechanisms operate at the gene level. Despite the complexity of biological mechanisms, there are common denominator genes that play pivotal roles in various defense systems. Among these genes, the cAMP response element-binding (Creb) protein contributes not only to various aspects of drug-seeking behavior and drug reward, but also to protective mechanisms. However, it is still unclear which Creb members are key players in the protection of cocaine-induced HI conditions. Herein, using one of the state-of-the-art deep learning methods, the generative adversarial network, we revealed that the OASIS family, one of the Creb family, is a key player in various defense mechanisms such as angiogenesis and unfolded protein response against the HI state by unveiling hidden mRNA expression profiles. Furthermore, we identified mysterious kinases in the OASIS family and are able to explain why the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus are vulnerable to HI at the genetic level.
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20
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Jianfeng W, Yutao W, Jianbin B. TACR2 is associated with the immune microenvironment and inhibits migration and proliferation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in prostate cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:415. [PMID: 34364377 PMCID: PMC8349497 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tachykinin receptor 2 (TACR2) is encoded by the tachykinin receptor correlation gene. Recent microarray analysis for prostate cancer suggests that TACR2 expression is associated with clinical phenotype and disease-free survival among patients with prostate cancer. Results TACR2 protein levels were lower in prostate cancer tissues than in adjacent normal prostate tissue. TACR2 expression significantly correlated with clinical stage, Gleason scores, and survival outcomes. TACR2 expression positively correlated with mast cells and negatively correlated with M2 macrophages. Overexpression of TACR2 promoted the migration and proliferation of prostate cancer cells by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. Conclusions The TACR2-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is critical in prostate cancer. TACR2 may affect tumor cells’ occurrence and development by changing the content of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that TACR2 may be a candidate molecular biomarker for prostate cancer therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02126-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jianfeng
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yutao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi Jianbin
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Messex JK, Liou GY. Targeting BTK Signaling in the Microenvironment of Solid Tumors as a Feasible Cancer Therapy Option. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092198. [PMID: 34063667 PMCID: PMC8124209 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Protein tyrosine kinase BTK is essential for B cell maturation and proliferation. Dysregulation of BTK signaling in B cells leads to B cell lymphoma. In addition to B cells, BTK is also expressed in other types of immune cells including MDSC, dendritic cells, mast cells and macrophages, all of which comprise the tumor microenvironment in solid cancers. Although BTK inhibitors have been FDA-approved as the front-line treatment for B cell malignancy CLL/SLL, studies have been reluctant to report on BTKs role within the tumor microenvironment during solid cancer development limiting the possibility of using these BTK inhibitors as an adjuvant treatment option for solid cancers. Here, we review BTK signaling within the cells found in the tumor microenvironment as well as summarizing clinical trials using BTK inhibitors which target the tumor microenvironment in an attempt to combat solid tumors. Abstract The cell environment plays a pivotal role in determining cellular outcome, as well as cancer initiation, progression, and dissemination. Within this environment, in addition to the structural components, such as the extracellular matrix, there are various types of cells surrounding the tumor cells. Communication among these cells and the tumor cells via signaling pathways is important for tumor growth. Originally discovered in patients with immunodeficiency X-linked gammaglobulinemia, the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) signaling pathway, known for its role in B cell maturation, is critical to cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and evasion of cancer eliminating cells. Given that BTK inhibitors have been FDA approved for chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma and that the majority of BTK studies have been focused on B cells, the use of BTK inhibitors as a future treatment strategy of solid tumors has yet to be evaluated. In this review, we summarize studies analyzing BTK signaling within the cells found in the tumor microenvironment, as well as clinical trial where BTK inhibitors are currently being used to target the tumor microenvironment as a way to combat solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin K. Messex
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA;
| | - Geou-Yarh Liou
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA;
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(404)-880-6981; Fax: +1-(404)-880-6756
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22
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Zhang X, Connelly J, Chao Y, Wang QJ. Multifaceted Functions of Protein Kinase D in Pathological Processes and Human Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030483. [PMID: 33807058 PMCID: PMC8005150 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PKD) is a family of serine/threonine protein kinases operating in the signaling network of the second messenger diacylglycerol. The three family members, PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3, are activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli and transduce cell signals affecting many aspects of basic cell functions including secretion, migration, proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and immune response. Dysregulation of PKD in expression and activity has been detected in many human diseases. Further loss- or gain-of-function studies at cellular levels and in animal models provide strong support for crucial roles of PKD in many pathological conditions, including cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiac diseases, central nervous system disorders, inflammatory diseases, and immune dysregulation. Complexity in enzymatic regulation and function is evident as PKD isoforms may act differently in different biological systems and disease models, and understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences and their biological significance in vivo is essential for the development of safer and more effective PKD-targeted therapies. In this review, to provide a global understanding of PKD function, we present an overview of the PKD family in several major human diseases with more focus on cancer-associated biological processes.
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23
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Mast Cells Positive for c-Kit Receptor and Tryptase Correlate with Angiogenesis in Cancerous and Adjacent Normal Pancreatic Tissue. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020444. [PMID: 33669751 PMCID: PMC7923170 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mast cells (MCs) contain proangiogenic factors, in particular tryptase, associated with increased angiogenesis in several tumours. With special reference to pancreatic cancer, few data have been published on the role of MCs in angiogenesis in both pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue (PDAT) and adjacent normal tissue (ANT). In this study, density of mast cells positive for c-Kit receptor (MCDP-c-KitR), density of mast cells positive for tryptase (MCDPT), area of mast cells positive for tryptase (MCAPT), and angiogenesis in terms of microvascular density (MVD) and endothelial area (EA) were evaluated in a total of 45 PDAT patients with stage T2–3N0–1M0. Results: For each analysed tissue parameter, the mean ± standard deviation was evaluated in both PDAT and ANT and differences were evaluated by Student’s t-test (p ranged from 0.001 to 0.005). Each analysed tissue parameter was then correlated to each other one by Pearson t-test analysis (p ranged from 0.01 to 0.03). No other correlation among MCDP-c-KitR, MCDPT, MCAPT, MVD, EA and the main clinical–pathological characteristics was found. Conclusions: Our results suggest that tissue parameters increased from ANT to PDAT and that mast cells are strongly associated with angiogenesis in PDAT. On this basis, the inhibition of MCs through tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as masitinib, or inhibition of tryptase by gabexate mesylate may become potential novel antiangiogenetic approaches in pancreatic cancer therapy.
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24
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells promote lung cancer metastasis by CCL11 to activate ERK and AKT signaling and induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor cells. Oncogene 2021; 40:1476-1489. [PMID: 33452453 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) suppress antitumor immune activities and facilitate cancer progression. Although the concept of immunosuppressive MDSCs is well established, the mechanism that MDSCs regulate non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression through the paracrine signals is still lacking. Here, we reported that the infiltration of MDSCs within NSCLC tissues was associated with the progression of cancer status, and was positively correlated with the Patient-derived xenograft model establishment, and poor patient prognosis. Intratumoral MDSCs directly promoted NSCLC metastasis and highly expressed chemokines that promote NSCLC cells invasion, including CCL11. CCL11 was capable of activating the AKT and ERK signaling pathways to promote NSCLC metastasis through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Moreover, high expression of CCL11 was associated with a poor prognosis in lung cancer as well as other types of cancer. Our findings underscore that MDSCs produce CCL11 to promote NSCLC metastasis via activation of ERK and AKT signaling and induction of EMT, suggesting that the MDSCs-CCL11-ERK/AKT-EMT axis contains potential targets for NSCLC metastasis treatment.
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25
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Molecular MR Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Biomedicines 2020; 9:biomedicines9010001. [PMID: 33375045 PMCID: PMC7822017 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments regarding molecular imaging markers for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of prostate cancer (PCa). Currently, the clinical standard includes MR imaging using unspecific gadolinium-based contrast agents. Specific molecular probes for the diagnosis of PCa could improve the molecular characterization of the tumor in a non-invasive examination. Furthermore, molecular probes could enable targeted therapies to suppress tumor growth or reduce the tumor size.
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26
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Moradi Tabriz H, Obohat M, Vahedifard F, Eftekharjavadi A. Survey of Mast Cell Density in Transitional Cell Carcinoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 16:119-127. [PMID: 33936222 PMCID: PMC8085279 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.123562.2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the world's seventh most common tumor and forms more than 90% of urinary bladder tumors. Invasive tumors are associated with poor prognosis, even with surgical treatment and chemotherapy. Some studies have found that an increase in the number of mast cells in TCC is related to the tumor grade and its aggressiveness. This study investigated the relationship between mast cell density (MCD) and features of TCC (tumor stage, grade, prognosis, and recurrence). Methods: Fifty-one cases with TCC were selected, and MCD was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Giemsa staining. Mortality rate and tumor recurrence were recorded. Results: The MCD mean was higher in high-grade tumors than in low-grade tumors (in IHC method: 9.127 vs 5.296; in Giemsa method: 5.512 vs 2.608). Also, the MCD mean in dead patients was higher than in survived patients (in IHC method: 11.390 vs 6.211; in Giemsa method: 7.460 vs 3.35). Patients with tumor recurrence showed a higher MCD mean than those without recurrence (in IHC method: 9.395 vs 5.475; in Giemsa method: 5.715 vs 2.931). Conclusion: Using mast cell tryptase and Giemsa, MCD may be associated with a positive correlation with tumor grade in TCC. Correlations between MCD, recurrence, prognosis, and tumor stage are probably caused by the effect of tumor grade (all with P<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedieh Moradi Tabriz
- Department of Pathology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Obohat
- Department of Pathology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzan Vahedifard
- Department of Neurology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Eftekharjavadi
- Department of Pathology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Guo W, Zhang Z, Li G, Lai X, Gu R, Xu W, Chen H, Xing Z, Chen L, Qian J, Xu S, Zeng F, Deng F. Pyruvate Kinase M2 Promotes Prostate Cancer Metastasis Through Regulating ERK1/2-COX-2 Signaling. Front Oncol 2020; 10:544288. [PMID: 33117682 PMCID: PMC7550821 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.544288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key enzyme of glycolysis, which is highly expressed in many tumor cells, and has emerged as an important player in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the functional roles of PKM2 in tumor metastasis remain elusive. Here we showed that PKM2 promoted prostate cancer metastasis via extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK)-cyclooxygenase (COX-2) signaling. Based on public databases, we found that PKM2 expression was upregulated in prostate cancer and positively associated with tumor metastasis. Further analysis showed that PKM2 promoted prostate cancer cell migration/invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through upregulation of COX-2. Mechanistically, PKM2 interacted with ERK1/2 and regulated its phosphorylation, leading to phosphorylation of transcription factor c-Jun, downstream of ERK1/2, to activate COX-2 transcription by IP and ChIP assay, while inhibition of COX-2 significantly reversed the promotion effect of PKM2 on tumor metastasis in vivo. Taken together, our results suggest that a novel of PKM2-ERK1/2-c-Jun-COX-2 axis is a potential target in controlling prostate cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhishuai Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihuan Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoju Lai
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruonan Gu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabi Qian
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangyin Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Liu M, Xu W, Su M, Fan P. REC8 suppresses tumor angiogenesis by inhibition of NF-κB-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor expression in gastric cancer cells. Biol Res 2020; 53:41. [PMID: 32958054 PMCID: PMC7507279 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor angiogenesis is an essential event for tumor growth and metastasis. It has been showed that REC8, a component of the meiotic cohesion complex, played a vital role in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in gastric cancer. However, the role of REC8 in gastric cancer angiogenesis remains to be identified. Results Inhibition of REC8 expression in gastric cancer cells contributed to tumor angiogenesis in the gastric cancer microenvironment. The clinical analysis demonstrated that the loss of REC8 in gastric cancer with enrichment of MVD. Depletion of REC8 expression in gastric cancer cells significantly increased tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which is attributed to enhancement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion caused by REC8 slicing. While addition of neutralizing antibody targeted VEGF into supernatant drastically reversed the effect of REC8 loss in gastric cancer cells on tube formation. Mechanistic analyses indicated that ablation of REC8 promotes nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 activity and its downstream gene VEGF expression, leading to tube formation. Conclusions These results demonstrated a novel REC8 function that suppressed tumor angiogenesis and progression by attenuation of VEGF in gastric cancer microenvironment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40659-020-00307-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Mingmin Su
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, CF103AT, UK
| | - Pingsheng Fan
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, 230031, Anhui, China. .,Department of Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P.R. China.
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29
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Liu J, Meng H, Nie S, Sun Y, Jiang P, Li S, Yang J, Sun R, Cheng W. Identification of a prognostic signature of epithelial ovarian cancer based on tumor immune microenvironment exploration. Genomics 2020; 112:4827-4841. [PMID: 32890701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to develop an immune-related genes (IRGs) prognostic signature to stratify the epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. We identified 332 up- and 154 down-regulated EOC-specific IRGs. As a result, candidate IRGs were idendified to construct prognostic models respectivy for overall survial and progression-free survival. The risk score was validated as a risk factor for prognosis and was used to built a combined nomogram. According to the IRG-related prognostic model, EOC patients were divided into high- and low- risk group and were further explored their association with tumor immune microenvironment (TME). CIBERSORT algorithm showed higher macrophages M1 cell, T cells follicular helper cell and plasma cells infiltrating levels in the low-risk group. In addition, the low-risk group was found with higher immunophenoscore and distinct mutation signatures compared with the high-risk group. These findings may shed light on the development of novel immune biomarkers and target therapy of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huangyang Meng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sipei Nie
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pinping Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyue Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjun Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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30
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31
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Li L, Hua L, Fan H, He Y, Xu W, Zhang L, Yang J, Deng F, Zeng F. Interplay of PKD3 with SREBP1 Promotes Cell Growth via Upregulating Lipogenesis in Prostate Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2019; 10:6395-6404. [PMID: 31772672 PMCID: PMC6856730 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PKD) has been implicated in cancer cell survival, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. However, it is still unknown whether PKD regulates cell proliferation through lipid metabolism in cancer cells. Here we report a novel function of PKD3, a member of PKD family, in regulating of prostate cancer cell proliferation by modulation of SREBP1-mediated de novo lipogenesis. We show that silencing of PKD3 significantly reduces lipid content and expression of the lipogenic genes encoding FASN and ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY). Moreover, endogenous PKD3 interacts with sterol regulatory element binding protein 1(SREBP1) in DU145 cells. Interestingly, PKD3 silencing decreases not only the level of matured-SREBP1 (68KD) but also the binding of SREBP1 to the promoter of fasn gene. In addition, overexpression of SREBP1 reverses the suppression of cell growth caused by PKD3 depletion. Finally, immune-histochemical staining indicate that PKD3 expression is positively correlated with expression of FASN and SREBP1 in prostate cancers. Taken together, these data suggest that targeting PKD3-mediated de novo lipogenesis may be a potential therapeutic approach to block prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Hua
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huihui Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Foshan women and children hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangyin Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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32
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Patel GK, Chugh N, Tripathi M. Neuroendocrine Differentiation of Prostate Cancer-An Intriguing Example of Tumor Evolution at Play. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1405. [PMID: 31547070 PMCID: PMC6826557 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) has assumed a new perspective in light of the recent advances in research. Although classical NEPC is rarely seen in the clinic, focal neuroendocrine trans-differentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma occurs in about 30% of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) cases, and represents a therapeutic challenge. Even though our knowledge of the mechanisms that mediate neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) is still evolving, the role of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as a key driver of this phenomenon is increasingly becoming evident. In this review, we discuss the molecular, cellular, and therapeutic mediators of NED, and emphasize the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in orchestrating the phenotype. Understanding the role of the TME in mediating NED could provide us with valuable insights into the plasticity associated with the phenotype, and reveal potential therapeutic targets against this aggressive form of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girijesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Natasha Chugh
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Manisha Tripathi
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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33
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Youssef I, Ricort JM. Deciphering the Role of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1) in Cellular Proliferation. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1961-1974. [PMID: 31311827 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) is a serine/threonine kinase that belongs to the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase family, and is involved in multiple mechanisms implicated in tumor progression such as cell motility, invasion, proliferation, protein transport, and apoptosis. While it is expressed in most tissues in the normal state, PKD1 expression may increase or decrease during tumorigenesis, and its role in proliferation is context-dependent and poorly understood. In this review, we present and discuss the current landscape of studies investigating the role of PKD1 in the proliferation of both cancerous and normal cells. Indeed, as a potential therapeutic target, deciphering whether PKD1 exerts a pro- or antiproliferative effect, and under what conditions, is of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilige Youssef
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS UMR_8113, Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, Cachan, France.,École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan, France
| | - Jean-Marc Ricort
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS UMR_8113, Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, Cachan, France. .,École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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Potential Role of HMGCS2 in Tumor Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer and Its Potential Use as a Diagnostic Marker. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 2019:8348967. [PMID: 31355161 PMCID: PMC6634068 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8348967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HMGCS2 is the rate-limiting enzyme of ketogenesis, which is vital for tumor initiation or metastasis. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between HMGCS2 and tumor angiogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study consisted of 100 cases with colorectal cancer and healthy control, the expression of HMGCS2 and the microvessel density (MVD) (marker: CD31) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and tube formation, and the centration of β-hydroxybutyrate in serum was assessed by biochemical analysis. RESULTS The results showed that HMGCS2 expression is significantly reduced in colorectal cancer compared with healthy control, which is inversely correlated with MVD in colorectal cancer by IHC analysis. What is more, knockdown HMGCS2 expression in HT-29 cells significantly contributed endothelial cell tube formation. CONCLUSION These findings implying HMGCS2 may have a negative regulation of tumor angiogenesis and provide an approach to inhibit tumor angiogenesis.
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35
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Mast Cells and Natural Killer Cells-A Potentially Critical Interaction. Viruses 2019; 11:v11060514. [PMID: 31167464 PMCID: PMC6631774 DOI: 10.3390/v11060514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play critical roles in host defense against infectious agents or neoplastic cells. NK cells provide a rapid innate immune response including the killing of target cells without the need for priming. However, activated NK cells can show improved effector functions. Mast cells are also critical for early host defense against a variety of pathogens and are predominately located at mucosal surfaces and close to blood vessels. Our group has recently shown that virus-infected mast cells selectively recruit NK cells and positively modulate their functions through mechanisms dependent on soluble mediators, such as interferons. Here, we review the possible consequences of this interaction in both host defense and pathologies involving NK cell and mast cell activation.
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