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Hu G, Che P, Deng L, Liu L, Liao J, Liu Q. MiR-378a-5p exerts a radiosensitizing effect on CRC through LRP8/β-catenin axis. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2308165. [PMID: 38389136 PMCID: PMC10896128 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2308165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiRNAs are closely related to tumor radiosensitivity. MiR-378a-5p level is down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, this study intends to explore the role of miR-378a-5p in CRC, especially radiosensitivity. METHODS The expression of miR-378a-5p was analyzed in CRC samples. CRC cell lines were treated with different doses of X-rays. Bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expressions and binding relationship of miR-378a-5p and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8). MiR-378a-5p inhibitor or/and siLRP8 were transfected into CRC cells with or without irradiation. Subsequently, clonogenic assay, flow cytometry and in vivo experiments including tumorigenesis assay, immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR and Western blot were performed to clarify the role of miR-378a-5p/LRP8 axis in the radiosensitivity of CRC. RESULTS The down-regulated expression of miR-378a-5p in CRC is related to histological differentiation and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. After irradiation, the survival fraction of CRC cells was decreased, while the apoptotic rate and the level of miR-378a-5p were increased. Restrained miR-378a-5p repressed apoptosis and apoptosis-related protein expressions, yet promoted the proliferation and the radioresistance of cells by regulating β-catenin in CRC cells. LRP8 was highly expressed in CRC, and targeted by miR-378a-5p. SiLRP8 improved radiosensitivity and reversed the effect of miR-378a-5p down-regulation on CRC cells. Overexpressed miR-378a-5p and irradiation enhanced the level of miR-378a-5p, yet suppressed the expressions of Ki67 and LRP8 as well as tumorigenesis. CONCLUSION MiR-378a-5p may exert a radiosensitizing effect on CRC through the LRP8/β-catenin axis, which may be a new therapeutic target for CRC radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Pengbiao Che
- Department of Ultrasound, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Jia Liao
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
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Chu X, Tian W, Ning J, Xiao G, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Zhai Z, Tanzhu G, Yang J, Zhou R. Cancer stem cells: advances in knowledge and implications for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:170. [PMID: 38965243 PMCID: PMC11224386 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01851-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of cells in tumors that are characterized by self-renewal and continuous proliferation, lead to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and maintain tumor heterogeneity. Cancer continues to be a significant global disease burden. In the past, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were the main cancer treatments. The technology of cancer treatments continues to develop and advance, and the emergence of targeted therapy, and immunotherapy provides more options for patients to a certain extent. However, the limitations of efficacy and treatment resistance are still inevitable. Our review begins with a brief introduction of the historical discoveries, original hypotheses, and pathways that regulate CSCs, such as WNT/β-Catenin, hedgehog, Notch, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, TGF-β, PI3K/AKT, PPAR pathway, and their crosstalk. We focus on the role of CSCs in various therapeutic outcomes and resistance, including how the treatments affect the content of CSCs and the alteration of related molecules, CSCs-mediated therapeutic resistance, and the clinical value of targeting CSCs in patients with refractory, progressed or advanced tumors. In summary, CSCs affect therapeutic efficacy, and the treatment method of targeting CSCs is still difficult to determine. Clarifying regulatory mechanisms and targeting biomarkers of CSCs is currently the mainstream idea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjing Chu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wentao Tian
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jiaoyang Ning
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yunqi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhuofan Zhai
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Guilong Tanzhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Rongrong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China.
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Tang J, Li J, Lian J, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Zhong G, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Bai X, Fang M, Wu L, Shen H, Wu J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhang H. CDK2-activated TRIM32 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation promotes radioresistance in triple-negative breast cancer. J Adv Res 2024; 61:239-251. [PMID: 37734566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite radiotherapy being one of the major treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), new molecular targets for its treatment are still required due to radioresistance. CDK2 plays a critical role in TNBC. However, the mechanism by which CDK2 promotes TNBC radioresistance remains to be clearly elucidated. OBJECTIVES We aimed to elucidate the relationship between CDK2 and TRIM32 and the regulation mechanism in TNBC. METHODS We performed immunohistochemical staining to detect nuclear TRIM32, CDK2 and STAT3 on TNBC tissues. Western blot assays and PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA level changes. CRISPR/Cas9 used to knock out CDK2. shRNA-knockdown and transfection assays also used to knock out target genes. GST pull-down analysis, immunoprecipitation (IP) assay and in vitro isomerization analysis also used. Tumorigenesis studies also used to verify the results in vitro. RESULTS Herein, tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32) is revealed as a substrate of CDK2. Radiotherapy promotes the binding of CDK2 and TRIM32, thus leading to increased CDK2-dependent phosphorylation of TRIM32 at serines 328 and 339. This causes the recruitment of PIN1, involved in cis-trans isomerization of TRIM32, resulting in importin α3 binding to TRIM32 and contributing to its nuclear translocation. Nuclear TRIM32 inhibits TC45-dephosphorylated STAT3, Leading to increased transcription of STAT3 and radioresistance in TNBC. These results were validated by clinical prognosis confirmed by the correlative expressions of the critical components of the CDK2/TRIM32/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that regulating the CDK2/TRIM32/STAT3 pathway is a promising strategy for reducing radioresistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
| | - Jing Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jiayan Lian
- Department of Pathology, The 7th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 510275, Guandong, PR China
| | - Yumei Huang
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Shangtang Road 158, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Guansheng Zhong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, PR China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhitao Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xin Bai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Min Fang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Luming Wu
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Haofei Shen
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jingyuan Wu
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, PR China.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China.
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Skrzeszewski M, Maciejewska M, Kobza D, Gawrylak A, Kieda C, Waś H. Risk factors of using late-autophagy inhibitors: Aspects to consider when combined with anticancer therapies. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116277. [PMID: 38740222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cancer resistance to therapy is still an unsolved scientific and clinical problem. In 2022, the hallmarks of cancer have been expanded to include four new features, including cellular senescence. Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) is a stressor-based response to conventional treatment methods, e.g. chemo- and radiotherapy, but also to non-conventional targeted therapies. Since TIS reinforces resistance in cancers, new strategies for sensitizing cancer cells to therapy are being adopted. These include macroautophagy as a potential target for inhibition due to its potential cytoprotective role in many cancers. The mechanism of late-stage autophagy inhibitors is based on blockage of autophagolysosome formation or an increase in lysosomal pH, resulting in disrupted cargo degradation. Such inhibitors are relevant candidates for increasing anticancer therapy effectiveness. In particular, 4-aminoquoline derivatives: chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine (CQ/HCQ) have been tested in multiple clinical trials in combination with senescence-inducing anti-cancer drugs. In this review, we summarize the properties of selected late-autophagy inhibitors and their role in the regulation of autophagy and senescent cell phenotype in vitro and in vivo models of cancer as well as treatment response in clinical trials on oncological patients. Additionally, we point out that, although these compounds increase the effectiveness of treatment in some cases, their practical usage might be hindered due to systemic toxicity, hypoxic environment, dose- ant time-dependent inhibitory effects, as well as a possible contribution to escaping from TIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Skrzeszewski
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Poland; Doctoral School of Translational Medicine, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Poland
| | - Monika Maciejewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Poland
| | - Dagmara Kobza
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Poland; School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Aleksandra Gawrylak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Poland; Department of Immunology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Poland; Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR CNRS 4301, Orléans, France; Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Halina Waś
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Poland.
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Xie W, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li Q, Tao L, Zhang R. ISG15 promotes tumor progression via IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in ccRCC. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:140. [PMID: 38951255 PMCID: PMC11217101 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Although renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a prevalent type of cancer, the most common pathological subtype, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), still has poorly understood molecular mechanisms of progression. Moreover, interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is associated with various types of cancer; however, its biological role in ccRCC remains unclear.This study aimed to explore the role of ISG15 in ccRCC progression.ISG15 expression was upregulated in ccRCC and associated with poor prognosis. RNA sequence analysis and subsequent experiments indicated that ISG15 modulated IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling to promote ccRCC proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, our animal experiments confirmed that sustained ISG15 knockdown reduced tumor growth rate in nude mice and promoted cell apoptosis. ISG15 modulates the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, making it a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road. 74, Jiangbei, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road. 74, Jiangbei, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhechuan Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road. 74, Jiangbei, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinke Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road. 74, Yuzhong, Chongqing, China
| | - Lesha Tao
- Department of Urology, Chongqing People's Hospital, Xingguang Road.118, Chongqing, China
| | - Ronggui Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road. 74, Jiangbei, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Urology, Chongqing People's Hospital, Xingguang Road.118, Chongqing, China.
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Liu X, Zhang H, Fan Y, Cai D, Lei R, Wang Q, Li Y, Shen L, Gu Y, Zhang Q, Qi Z, Wang Z. SNORA28 Promotes Proliferation and Radioresistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells through the STAT3 Pathway by Increasing H3K9 Acetylation in the LIFR Promoter. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2405332. [PMID: 38924373 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is essential for treating colorectal cancer (CRC), especially in advanced rectal cancer. However, the low radiosensitivity of CRC cells greatly limits radiotherapy efficacy. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNA that primarily direct post-transcriptional modifications of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and other cellular RNAs. While snoRNAs are involved in tumor progression and chemoresistance, their association with radiosensitivity remains largely unknown. Herein, SNORA28 is shown highly expressed in CRC and is positively associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, SNORA28 overexpression enhances the growth and radioresistance of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SNORA28 acts as a molecular decoy that recruits bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), which increases the level of H3K9 acetylation at the LIFR promoter region. This stimulates LIFR transcription, which in turn triggers the JAK1/STAT3 pathway, enhancing the proliferation and radioresistance of CRC cells. Overall, these results highlight the ability of snoRNAs to regulate radiosensitivity in tumor cells and affect histone acetylation modification in the promoter region of target genes, thus broadening the current knowledge of snoRNA biological functions and the mechanism underlying target gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Dan Cai
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Ridan Lei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Liping Shen
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yongqing Gu
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qingtong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Zhenhua Qi
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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Sipos F, Műzes G. Colonic Tuft Cells: The Less-Recognized Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6209. [PMID: 38892399 PMCID: PMC11172904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuft cells are more than guardian chemosensory elements of the digestive tract. They produce a variety of immunological effector molecules in response to stimulation; moreover, they are essential for defense against protozoa and nematodes. Beyond the description of their characteristics, this review aims to elucidate the potential pathogenic and therapeutic roles of colonic tuft cells in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, focusing on their primarily immunomodulatory action. Regarding inflammatory bowel disease, tuft cells are implicated in both maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier and in tissue repair and regeneration processes. In addition to maintaining intestinal homeostasis, they display complex immune-regulatory functions. During the development of colorectal cancer, tuft cells can promote the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, alter the gastrointestinal microenvironment, and modulate both the anti-tumor immune response and the tumor microenvironment. A wide variety of their biological functions can be targeted for anti-inflammatory or anti-tumor therapies; however, the adverse side effects of immunomodulatory actions must be strictly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Sipos
- Immunology Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Műzes
- Immunology Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
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Xu Q, La T, Ye K, Wang L, Wang S, Hu Y, Teng L, Yan L, Li J, Zhang Z, Shao Z, Zhang YY, Zhao XH, Feng YC, Jin L, Baker M, Thorne RF, Zhang XD, Shao F, Cao H. KMT2A and chronic inflammation as potential drivers of sporadic parathyroid adenoma. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1734. [PMID: 38888967 PMCID: PMC11185127 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporadic parathyroid adenoma (PA) is the most common cause of hyperparathyroidism, yet the mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. METHODS Surgically removed PA samples, along with normal parathyroid gland (PG) tissues that were incidentally dissected during total thyroidectomy, were analysed using single-cell RNA-sequencing with the 10× Genomics Chromium Droplet platform and Cell Ranger software. Gene set variation analysis was conducted to characterise hallmark pathway gene signatures, and single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering were utilised to analyse transcription factor regulons. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to validate cellular components of PA tissues. siRNA knockdown and gene overexpression, alongside quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and cell proliferation assays, were conducted for functional investigations. RESULTS There was a pervasive increase in gene transcription in PA cells (PACs) compared with PG cells. This is associated with high expression of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A). High KMT2A levels potentially contribute to promoting PAC proliferation through upregulation of the proto-oncogene CCND2, which is mediated by the transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3). PA tissues are heavily infiltrated with myeloid cells, while fibroblasts, endothelial cells and macrophages in PA tissues are commonly enriched with proinflammatory gene signatures relative to their counterparts in PG tissues. CONCLUSIONS We revealed the previously underappreciated involvement of the KMT2A‒STAT3/GATA3‒CCND2 axis and chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of PA. These findings underscore the therapeutic promise of KMT2A inhibition and anti-inflammatory strategies, highlighting the need for future investigations to translate these molecular insights into practical applications. HIGHLIGHTS Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals a transcriptome catalogue comparing sporadic parathyroid adenomas (PAs) with normal parathyroid glands. PA cells show a pervasive increase in gene expression linked to KMT2A upregulation. KMT2A-mediated STAT3 and GATA3 upregulation is key to promoting PA cell proliferation via cyclin D2. PAs exhibit a proinflammatory microenvironment, suggesting a potential role of chronic inflammation in PA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology of Zhengzhou University People's HospitalZhengzhou University People's Hospital ,Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Ting La
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & BiotherapyThe Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Kaihong Ye
- Translational Research InstituteHenan Provincial and Zhengzhou City Key Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Cancer MetabolismHenan International Join Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Metabolism in CancerZhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's HospitalAcademy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Li Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of NephrologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Yifeng Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology of Zhengzhou University People's HospitalZhengzhou University People's Hospital ,Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Liu Teng
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology of Zhengzhou University People's HospitalZhengzhou University People's Hospital ,Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology of Zhengzhou University People's HospitalZhengzhou University People's Hospital ,Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Jinming Li
- Translational Research InstituteHenan Provincial and Zhengzhou City Key Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Cancer MetabolismHenan International Join Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Metabolism in CancerZhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's HospitalAcademy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid SurgeryHenan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhou University People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Zehua Shao
- Children's Heart CenterHenan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhou University People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Yuan Yuan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Xiao Hong Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Yu Chen Feng
- School of Medicine and Public HealthThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Lei Jin
- Translational Research InstituteHenan Provincial and Zhengzhou City Key Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Cancer MetabolismHenan International Join Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Metabolism in CancerZhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's HospitalAcademy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- School of Medicine and Public HealthThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Mark Baker
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Rick F. Thorne
- Translational Research InstituteHenan Provincial and Zhengzhou City Key Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Cancer MetabolismHenan International Join Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Metabolism in CancerZhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's HospitalAcademy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- Translational Research InstituteHenan Provincial and Zhengzhou City Key Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Cancer MetabolismHenan International Join Laboratory of Non‐Coding RNA and Metabolism in CancerZhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's HospitalAcademy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Feng‐Min Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology of Zhengzhou University People's HospitalZhengzhou University People's Hospital ,Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Huixia Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology of Zhengzhou University People's HospitalZhengzhou University People's Hospital ,Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
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9
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Pang SG, Zhang X, Li ZX, He LF, Chen F, Liu ML, Huang YZ, Mo JM, Luo KL, Xiao JJ, Zhu F. TOPK Inhibition Enhances the Sensitivity of Colorectal Cancer Cells to Radiotherapy by Reducing the DNA Damage Response. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:545-553. [PMID: 38900386 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal expression of T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) was reported to be closely related to the resistance of prostate cancer to radiotherapy and to targeted drug resistance in lung cancer. However, the role of TOPK inhibition in enhancing radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the radiosensitization of TOPK knockdown in CRC cells. METHODS The expression of TOPK was detected in CRC tissues by immunohistochemistry, and the effect of TOPK knockdown was detected in CRC cells by Western blotting. CCK-8 and clonogenic assays were used to detect the growth and clonogenic ability of CRC cells after TOPK knockdown combined with radiotherapy in CRC cells. Furthermore, proteomic analysis showed that the phosphorylation of TOPK downstream proteins changed after radiotherapy. DNA damage was detected by the comet assay. Changes in the DNA damage response signaling pathway were analyzed by Western blotting, and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS The expression of TOPK was significantly greater in CRC tissues at grades 2-4 than in those at grade 1. After irradiation, CRC cells with genetically silenced TOPK had shorter comet tails and reduced expression levels of DNA damage response-associated proteins, including phospho-cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (p-CDK1), phospho-ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (p-ATM), poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), and meiotic recombination 11 homolog 1 (MRE11). CONCLUSIONS TOPK was overexpressed in patients with moderately to poorly differentiated CRC. Moreover, TOPK knockdown significantly enhanced the radiosensitivity of CRC cells by reducing the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Gui Pang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Zhao-Xin Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Li-Fei He
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Ming-Long Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Ying-Ze Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Jian-Mei Mo
- Cancer Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Kong-Lan Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Juan-Juan Xiao
- Cancer Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China.
- Translational Medical Center, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
| | - Feng Zhu
- Translational Medical Center, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China.
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10
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Sánchez-Ramírez D, Mendoza-Rodríguez MG, Alemán OR, Candanedo-González FA, Rodríguez-Sosa M, Montesinos-Montesinos JJ, Salcedo M, Brito-Toledo I, Vaca-Paniagua F, Terrazas LI. Impact of STAT-signaling pathway on cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer and its role in immunosuppression. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1705-1724. [PMID: 38764833 PMCID: PMC11099434 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most commonly diagnosed and deadliest types of cancer worldwide. CRC displays a desmoplastic reaction (DR) that has been inversely associated with poor prognosis; less DR is associated with a better prognosis. This reaction generates excessive connective tissue, in which cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are critical cells that form a part of the tumor microenvironment. CAFs are directly involved in tumorigenesis through different mechanisms. However, their role in immunosuppression in CRC is not well understood, and the precise role of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) in mediating CAF activity in CRC remains unclear. Among the myriad chemical and biological factors that affect CAFs, different cytokines mediate their function by activating STAT signaling pathways. Thus, the harmful effects of CAFs in favoring tumor growth and invasion may be modulated using STAT inhibitors. Here, we analyze the impact of different STATs on CAF activity and their immunoregulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Sánchez-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mónica G Mendoza-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Omar R Alemán
- Department of Biology, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Fernando A Candanedo-González
- Department of Pathology, National Medical Center Century XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa
- Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Juan José Montesinos-Montesinos
- Laboratorio de Células Troncales Mesenquimales, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Salcedo
- Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina y Oncologia Genomica, Instituto Mexciano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 07300, Mexico
| | - Ismael Brito-Toledo
- Servicio de Colon y Recto, Hospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Luis I Terrazas
- Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
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11
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Ma Q, Li X, Wang H, Xu S, Que Y, He P, Yang R, Wang Q, Hu Y. HOXB5 promotes the progression and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30445. [PMID: 38737261 PMCID: PMC11088325 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the involvement of the homeobox gene B5 (HOXB5) in the progression and metastasis of osteosarcoma. Methods The expression of HOXB5 in human osteosarcoma tissues and its correlation with clinical indicators were investigated using bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical labelling. Human osteosarcoma cells (HOS, MG63, U2OS, and Saos-2) and normal human osteoblasts (hFOB1.19) were cultivated. The expression of HOXB5 in these cells was detected using western blotting (WB) and RT‒PCR. Two cell lines exhibiting elevated HOXB5 expression were chosen and divided into three groups: the blank group (mock), control group (control) and transfection group (shHOXB5). The transfection group was infected with lentivirus expressing shRNAs targeting HOXB5. The transfection efficiency was detected by WB. Cell proliferation suppression was measured by CCK-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays; the percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry; and cell migration and invasion were detected via the Transwell chamber test. WB was utilized to determine the protein expression of genes linked to metastasis (MMP2, MMP9), apoptosis (Bax, Bcl-2), and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway (JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3, p-STAT3). Results In osteosarcoma tissues, HOXB5 expression was elevated and strongly correlated with distant metastasis. Silencing HOXB5 reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells; prevented the progression and metastasis of tumours in tumour-bearing nude mice; and reduced the activation of key proteins in the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. Conclusion Through the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway, HOXB5 plays a crucial role in the malignant progression of osteosarcoma and is a promising target for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Lu 'an Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, 237008, Anhui, China
| | - Huming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Shenglin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yukang Que
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Peng He
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lu 'an Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, 237008, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
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12
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Xiong H, Zhang W, Xie M, Chen R, Chen H, Lin Q. Long non-coding RNA JPX promotes endometrial carcinoma progression via janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1340050. [PMID: 38784043 PMCID: PMC11112342 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1340050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although LncRNA JPX has been linked to a number of malignancies, it is yet unknown how it relates to endometrial carcinoma (EC). Investigating the expression, functional activities, and underlying molecular processes of lncRNA JPX in EC was the goal of this work. Methods RT-qPCR was used to examine the differences in lncRNA/microRNA (miRNA, miR)/mRNA expression between normal cervical and EC tissues or cells. Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, and transwell were used to evaluate the association between lncRNA JPX/miR-140-3p/phosphoinositide-3-kinase catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA) in Ishikawa and JEC cell lines. The impact of JPX on the downstream janus kinase (JAK)2/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 signaling pathway was investigated using Western blot analysis. Results When comparing EC tissues to nearby normal tissues, JPX expression is markedly increased in EC tissues, with greater expression in advanced-stage EC. Furthermore, compared to normal epithelial cells, EC cell lines have higher levels of JPX expression. In Ishikawa and JEC endometrial cancer cell lines, we used siRNA-mediated suppression of JPX to find lower cell viability, increased apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and reduced migration and invasion. We next verified that miR-140-3p binds to downstream target cells to impede the transcription and translation of PIK3CA, which in turn prevents the growth of Ishikawa and JEC cells. JPX functions as a ceRNA to adsorb miR-140-3p. This procedure required controlling JAK2/STAT3, a downstream signal. Conclusion JPX enhances the development of Ishikawa and JEC cells and activates downstream JAK2/STAT3 signal transduction via the miR-140-3p/PIK3CA axis, offering a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhen Xiong
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyu Xie
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruichao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiongyan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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13
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Ye W, Lu X, Qiao Y, Ou WB. Activity and resistance to KRAS G12C inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189108. [PMID: 38723697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are associated with a high mortality rate. Mutations in the V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS) proto-oncogene GTPase (KRAS) are frequently observed in these cancers. Owing to its structural attributes, KRAS has traditionally been regarded as an "undruggable" target. However, recent advances have identified a novel mutational regulatory site, KRASG12C switch II, leading to the development of two KRASG12C inhibitors (adagrasib and sotorasib) that are FDA-approved. This groundbreaking discovery has revolutionized our understanding of the KRAS locus and offers treatment options for patients with NSCLC harboring KRAS mutations. Due to the presence of alternative resistance pathways, the use of KRASG12C inhibitors as a standalone treatment for patients with CRC is not considered optimal. However, the combination of KRASG12C inhibitors with other targeted drugs has demonstrated greater efficacy in CRC patients harboring KRAS mutations. Furthermore, NSCLC and CRC patients harboring KRASG12C mutations inevitably develop primary or acquired resistance to drug therapy. By gaining a comprehensive understanding of resistance mechanisms, such as secondary mutations of KRAS, mutations of downstream intermediates, co-mutations with KRAS, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activation, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions (EMTs), and tumor remodeling, the implementation of KRASG12C inhibitor-based combination therapy holds promise as a viable solution. Furthermore, the emergence of protein hydrolysis-targeted chimeras and molecular glue technologies has been facilitated by collaborative efforts in structural science and pharmacology. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the recent advancements in various aspects related to the KRAS gene, including the KRAS signaling pathway, tumor immunity, and immune microenvironment crosstalk, as well as the latest developments in KRASG12C inhibitors and mechanisms of resistance. In addition, this study discusses the strategies used to address drug resistance in light of the crosstalk between these factors. In the coming years, there will likely be advancements in the development of more efficacious pharmaceuticals and targeted therapeutic approaches for treating NSCLC and CRC. Consequently, individuals with KRAS-mutant NSCLC may experience a prolonged response duration and improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Qiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Bin Ou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Vaziri-Amjad S, Rahgosha R, Taherkhani A. Potential JAK2 Inhibitors from Selected Natural Compounds: A Promising Approach for Complementary Therapy in Cancer Patients. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2024; 2024:1114928. [PMID: 38706884 PMCID: PMC11068457 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1114928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Janus-activated kinase 2 (JAK2) plays a pivotal role in numerous essential biological processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in human cells. Prior studies have indicated that inhibiting JAK2 could be a promising strategy to mitigate cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in tumor cells. Objectives This study aimed to estimate the binding affinity of 79 herbal compounds, comprising 46 flavonoids, 21 anthraquinones, and 12 cinnamic acids, to the ATP-binding cleft of JAK2 to identify potential herbal inhibitors of JAK2. Methods The binding affinities between ligands and JAK2 were calculated utilizing AutoDock 4.0 software in conjunction with the Cygwin environment. Cross-validation was conducted using the Schrödinger tool. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to evaluate the stability of docked poses for the most significant JAK2 inhibitors. Furthermore, the Discovery Studio Visualizer tool was utilized to elucidate interactions between the top-ranked JAK2 inhibitors and residues within the JAK2 ATP-binding site. Results Twelve flavonoids, two anthraquinones, and three cinnamic acids demonstrated substantial binding affinities to the protein kinase domain of the receptor, with a criterion of ΔGbinding < -10 kcal/mol. Among the studied flavonoids, anthraquinones, and cinnamic acid derivatives, orientin, chlorogenic acid, and pulmatin emerged as the most potent JAK2 inhibitors, exhibiting ΔGbinding scores of -14.49, -11.87, and -10.76 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, the docked poses of orientin, pulmatin, and chlorogenic acid remained stable throughout 60 ns computer simulations. The average root mean square deviation values calculated for JAK2 when complexed with orientin, chlorogenic acid, and pulmatin were 2.04 Å, 2.06 Å, and 1.95 Å, respectively. Conclusion This study underscores the robust inhibitory potential of orientin, pulmatin, and chlorogenic acid against JAK2. The findings hold promise for the development of novel and effective drugs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Vaziri-Amjad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reza Rahgosha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Williams D, Hargrove-Wiley E, Bindeman W, Valent D, Miranda AX, Beckstead J, Fingleton B. Type II Interleukin-4 Receptor Activation in Basal Breast Cancer Cells Promotes Tumor Progression via Metabolic and Epigenetic Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4647. [PMID: 38731867 PMCID: PMC11083536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL4) is a Th2 cytokine that can signal through two different receptors, one of which-the type II receptor-is overexpressed by various cancer cells. Previously, we have shown that type II IL4 receptor signaling increases proliferation and metastasis in mouse models of breast cancer, as well as increasing glucose and glutamine metabolism. Here, we expand on those findings to determine mechanistically how IL4 signaling links glucose metabolism and histone acetylation to drive proliferation in the context of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We used a combination of cellular, biochemical, and genomics approaches to interrogate TNBC cell lines, which represent a cancer type where high expression of the type II IL4 receptor is linked to reduced survival. Our results indicate that type II IL4 receptor activation leads to increased glucose uptake, Akt and ACLY activation, and histone acetylation in TNBC cell lines. Inhibition of glucose uptake through the deletion of Glut1 ablates IL4-induced proliferation. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of histone acetyltransferase P300 attenuates IL4-mediated gene expression and proliferation in vitro. Our work elucidates a role for type II IL4 receptor signaling in promoting TNBC progression, and highlights type II IL4 signaling, as well as histone acetylation, as possible targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demond Williams
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Ebony Hargrove-Wiley
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Wendy Bindeman
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Daniel Valent
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Adam X. Miranda
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Jacob Beckstead
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Barbara Fingleton
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
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16
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Long L, Fei X, Chen L, Yao L, Lei X. Potential therapeutic targets of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1381251. [PMID: 38699644 PMCID: PMC11063389 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1381251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses a significant clinical challenge due to its propensity for metastasis and poor prognosis. TNBC evades the body's immune system recognition and attack through various mechanisms, including the Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. This pathway, characterized by heightened activity in numerous solid tumors, exhibits pronounced activation in specific TNBC subtypes. Consequently, targeting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway emerges as a promising and precise therapeutic strategy for TNBC. The signal transduction cascade of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway predominantly involves receptor tyrosine kinases, the tyrosine kinase JAK2, and the transcription factor STAT3. Ongoing preclinical studies and clinical research are actively investigating this pathway as a potential therapeutic target for TNBC treatment. This article comprehensively reviews preclinical and clinical investigations into TNBC treatment by targeting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway using small molecule compounds. The review explores the role of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in TNBC therapeutics, evaluating the benefits and limitations of active inhibitors and proteolysis-targeting chimeras in TNBC treatment. The aim is to facilitate the development of novel small-molecule compounds that target TNBC effectively. Ultimately, this work seeks to contribute to enhancing therapeutic efficacy for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiangyu Fei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liucui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liang Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Hospital of Hengyang, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Tian J, Wen M, Gao P, Feng M, Wei G. RUVBL1 ubiquitination by DTL promotes RUVBL1/2-β-catenin-mediated transcriptional regulation of NHEJ pathway and enhances radiation resistance in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:259. [PMID: 38609375 PMCID: PMC11015013 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy effectiveness in breast cancer is limited by radioresistance. Nevertheless, the mechanisms behind radioresistance are not yet fully understood. RUVBL1 and RUVBL2, referred to as RUVBL1/2, are crucial AAA+ ATPases that act as co-chaperones and are connected to cancer. Our research revealed that RUVBL1, also known as pontin/TIP49, is excessively expressed in MMTV-PyMT mouse models undergoing radiotherapy, which is considered a murine spontaneous breast-tumor model. Our findings suggest that RUVBL1 enhances DNA damage repair and radioresistance in breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we discovered that DTL, also known as CDT2 or DCAF2, which is a substrate adapter protein of CRL4, promotes the ubiquitination of RUVBL1 and facilitates its binding to RUVBL2 and transcription cofactor β-catenin. This interaction, in turn, attenuates its binding to acetyltransferase Tat-interacting protein 60 (TIP60), a comodulator of nuclear receptors. Subsequently, ubiquitinated RUVBL1 promotes the transcriptional regulation of RUVBL1/2-β-catenin on genes associated with the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair pathway. This process also attenuates TIP60-mediated H4K16 acetylation and the homologous recombination (HR) repair process. Expanding upon the prior study's discoveries, we exhibited that the ubiquitination of RUVBL1 by DTL advances the interosculation of RUVBL1/2-β-catenin. And, it then regulates the transcription of NHEJ repair pathway protein. Resulting in an elevated resistance of breast cancer cells to radiation therapy. From the aforementioned, it is evident that targeting DTL-RUVBL1/2-β-catenin provides a potential radiosensitization approach when treating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tian
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Mingxin Wen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Maoxiao Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Guangwei Wei
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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18
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Transcriptional regulation of cancer stem cell: regulatory factors elucidation and cancer treatment strategies. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:99. [PMID: 38561775 PMCID: PMC10986082 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) were first discovered in the 1990s, revealing the mysteries of cancer origin, migration, recurrence and drug-resistance from a new perspective. The expression of pluripotent genes and complex signal regulatory networks are significant features of CSC, also act as core factors to affect the characteristics of CSC. Transcription is a necessary link to regulate the phenotype and potential of CSC, involving chromatin environment, nucleosome occupancy, histone modification, transcription factor (TF) availability and cis-regulatory elements, which suffer from ambient pressure. Especially, the expression and activity of pluripotent TFs are deeply affected by both internal and external factors, which is the foundation of CSC transcriptional regulation in the current research framework. Growing evidence indicates that regulating epigenetic modifications to alter cancer stemness is effective, and some special promoters and enhancers can serve as targets to influence the properties of CSC. Clarifying the factors that regulate CSC transcription will assist us directly target key stem genes and TFs, or hinder CSC transcription through environmental and other related factors, in order to achieve the goal of inhibiting CSC and tumors. This paper comprehensively reviews the traditional aspects of transcriptional regulation, and explores the progress and insights of the impact on CSC transcription and status through tumor microenvironment (TME), hypoxia, metabolism and new meaningful regulatory factors in conjunction with the latest research. Finally, we present opinions on omnidirectional targeting CSCs transcription to eliminate CSCs and address tumor resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyue Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Jia E, Shi X, Xue J. CCND2 is a prognostic biomarker and correlates with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:1241-1251. [PMID: 38617521 PMCID: PMC11009805 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background CCND2 expression influences the growth and proliferation of cancer cells and plays a crucial role in immune response of tumor. However, few studies focused on the correlation between CCND2 and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in terms of prognosis and tumor immune infiltration. Methods Original LUAD case data were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Using R software, we analyzed differently expressed CCND2 between LUAD and adjacent normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between CCND2 expression and the overall survival of LUAD patients, and Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the independently prognostic risk factors for LUAD. Using TIMER (Tumor Immune Estimation Resource) and CIBERSORTx (Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of known RNA Transcripts) databases, the connection between CCND2 expression and LUAD immune infiltration was investigated. Results The level of CCND2 was significantly lower in LUAD than in adjacent normal tissues [adjusted P<0.05 and log2 fold change (FC) =-1.33]. LUAD patients who expressed lower CCND2 had a shorter overall survival (P=0.046) and CCND2 was an independently prognostic risk factor for LUAD [hazard ratio (HR): 0.77, P=0.049]. In LUAD patients, CCND2 expression was positively associated with the levels of B cells (r=0.159, P=4.00e-04), CD8+ T cells (r=0.287, P=7.88e-11), CD4+ T cells (r=0.301, P=8.14e-12), macrophages (r=0.128, P=4.57e-03), neutrophils (r=0.373, P=1.07e-17), and myeloid dendritic cells (r=0.284, P=1.43e-10). The levels of B cells and macrophages had significantly association with the overall survival of LUAD patients. CIBERSORTx showed that the proportions of naive B cells, resting dendritic cells, and macrophages M1 were higher in the low CCND2 expression group (P<0.05); whereas macrophages M1, activated natural killer (NK) cells, and resting CD4+ memory cells were lower (P<0.05). Conclusions CCND2 can be exploited as a novel prognostic biomarker involved in immune infiltration of LUAD, hence providing new preventative and therapeutic options for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erna Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianquan Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinru Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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20
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Wang Q, Zhang R, He Y, Mao G, Kong Z. Taraxasterol enhanced bladder cancer cells radiosensitivity via inhibiting the COX-2/PGE2/JAK2/STAT3/MMP pathway. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:791-801. [PMID: 38442139 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2324475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy with bladder preservation is highly acceptable among patients bearing bladder cancer (BCa), but the occurrence of secondary tolerance (ARR) during treatment is one of the important reasons for the failure of clinical radiotherapy. COX-2 has been frequently reported to be highly expressed and associated with radio-resistance in various cancers. In this study, the feasibility of Taraxasterol (Tara) as a radiosensitizer was investigated, and the target effect of Tara on COX-2 and its underlying mechanism were explored. METHODS AND MATERIALS The toxicity of Tara toward BCa cells was detected with the MTT method and cells in response to IR or Tara + IR were compared by clone formation assay. Next, a small RNA interference system (siRNA) was employed to decrease endogenous COX-2 expression in BCa cells, and the stem cell-like features and motion abilities of BCa cells under different treatments were investigated using microsphere formation and transwell chamber assay, respectively. Meanwhile, the expression of a series of inflammation-related molecules and stem cell characteristic molecules was determined by qRT-PCR, western blot and ELISA method. In vivo studies, BCa cells were subcutaneously injected into the right flank of each male mouse. Those mice were then grouped and exposed to different treatment: Tara, IR, IR + Tara and untreated control. The volumes of each tumor were measured every two days and target proteins were detected with immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. RESULTS The results show that COX-2 decline, due to COX-2 knocking-down or Tara treatment, could greatly enhance BCa cells' radiosensitivity and significantly decrease their migration, invasion and microsphere formation abilities, companied with the reduce of JAK2, phos-STAT3, MMP2 and MMP9 expression. However, Tara could not further reduce the expression of an above molecule of cells in COX-2-deficient BCa cells. Correspondingly, Tara treatment could not further enhance those siCOX-2 BCa cells response to IR. CONCLUSIONS Our data support that Tara can improve the radiosensitivity of BCa cells by targeting COX-2/PGE2. The mechanism may involve regulating STAT3 phosphorylation, DNA damage response protein activation, and expression of MMP2/MMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxin Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhang
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun He
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangmin Mao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaolu Kong
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Zhai H, Zheng T, Fan L. Unveiling the STAT3-ACC1 axis: a key driver of lipid metabolism and tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:2340-2353. [PMID: 38495496 PMCID: PMC10937262 DOI: 10.7150/jca.93890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Lung cancer is a prevalent global malignancy, and investigating the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells has significant therapeutic implications. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism driving the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a specific emphasis on the STAT3-ACC1-FAS axis involved in fatty acid synthesis. Methods: The levels of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) were determined in mouse NSCLC specimens and cell lines using Western blot and qPCR methods. Various assays such as CCK-8, colony formation, EDU, wound-healing, and transwell migration were employed to assess cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, a nude mouse xenograft model was utilized for in vivo tumor growth analysis. The interaction between STAT3 and ACC1 was examined through chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assays. Results: The study observed upregulation of STAT3 and ACC1 in NSCLC tissues. Notably, the suppression of STAT3 and ACC1 inhibited the in vitro progression and lipid synthesis of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, STAT3 enhanced lipid synthesis by upregulating ACC1 expression. Mechanistic assays revealed that this process occurred through direct activation of ACC1 transcription by STAT3. STAT3 played a vital role in regulating lipid metabolism and supporting NSCLC progression. Conclusion: The findings of this study underscore the significance of the STAT3-ACC1-FAS axis in NSCLC. The activation of ACC1 through STAT3-mediated transcription serves as a crucial mechanism for stimulating the progression of NSCLC tumors and promoting lipid synthesis. Consequently, targeting the STAT3-ACC1 axis may present a promising avenue for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Osorio D, Capasso A, Eckhardt SG, Giri U, Somma A, Pitts TM, Lieu CH, Messersmith WA, Bagby SM, Singh H, Das J, Sahni N, Yi SS, Kuijjer ML. Population-level comparisons of gene regulatory networks modeled on high-throughput single-cell transcriptomics data. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 4:237-250. [PMID: 38438786 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-024-00597-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell technologies enable high-resolution studies of phenotype-defining molecular mechanisms. However, data sparsity and cellular heterogeneity make modeling biological variability across single-cell samples difficult. Here we present SCORPION, a tool that uses a message-passing algorithm to reconstruct comparable gene regulatory networks from single-cell/nuclei RNA-sequencing data that are suitable for population-level comparisons by leveraging the same baseline priors. Using synthetic data, we found that SCORPION outperformed 12 existing gene regulatory network reconstruction techniques. Using supervised experiments, we show that SCORPION can accurately identify differences in regulatory networks between wild-type and transcription factor-perturbed cells. We demonstrate SCORPION's scalability to population-level analyses using a single-cell RNA-sequencing atlas containing 200,436 cells from colorectal cancer and adjacent healthy tissues. The differences between tumor regions detected by SCORPION are consistent across multiple cohorts as well as with our understanding of disease progression, and elucidate phenotypic regulators that may impact patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Osorio
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Anna Capasso
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - S Gail Eckhardt
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Uma Giri
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Alexander Somma
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Todd M Pitts
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher H Lieu
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wells A Messersmith
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stacey M Bagby
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Harinder Singh
- Department of Immunology, Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg, PA, USA
| | - Jishnu Das
- Department of Immunology, Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg, PA, USA
| | - Nidhi Sahni
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Stephen Yi
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Programs (ILSGP), College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences (ICES), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Marieke L Kuijjer
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Sarfraz M, Abida, Eltaib L, Asdaq SMB, Guetat A, Alzahrani AK, Alanazi SS, Aaghaz S, Singla N, Imran M. Overcoming chemoresistance and radio resistance in prostate cancer: The emergent role of non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155179. [PMID: 38320439 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be a major health concern worldwide, with its resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy presenting major hurdles in successful treatment. While patients with localized prostate cancer generally have a good survival rate, those with metastatic prostate cancer often face a grim prognosis, even with aggressive treatments using various methods. The high mortality rate in severe cases is largely due to the lack of treatment options that can offer lasting results, especially considering the significant genetic diversity found in tumors at the genomic level. This comprehensive review examines the intricate molecular mechanisms governing resistance in PCa, emphasising the pivotal contributions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). We delve into the diverse roles of microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and other non-coding elements as critical regulators of key cellular processes involved in CR & RR. The review emphasizes the diagnostic potential of ncRNAs as predictive biomarkers for treatment response, offering insights into patient stratification and personalized therapeutic approaches. Additionally, we explore the therapeutic implications of targeting ncRNAs to overcome CR & RR, highlighting innovative strategies to restore treatment sensitivity. By synthesizing current knowledge, this review not only provides a comprehension of the chemical basis of resistance in PCa but also identifies gaps in knowledge, paving the way for future research directions. Ultimately, this exploration of ncRNA perspectives offers a roadmap for advancing precision medicine in PCa, potentially transforming therapeutic paradigms and improving outcomes for patients facing the challenges of treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, Al Ain 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Eltaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Arbi Guetat
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar 73213, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Khuzaim Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Medical Applied Science, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shams Aaghaz
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, India
| | - Neelam Singla
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia.
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24
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Zhou S, Abdihamid O, Tan F, Zhou H, Liu H, Li Z, Xiao S, Li B. KIT mutations and expression: current knowledge and new insights for overcoming IM resistance in GIST. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:153. [PMID: 38414063 PMCID: PMC10898159 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common sarcoma located in gastrointestinal tract and derived from the interstitial cell of Cajal (ICC) lineage. Both ICC and GIST cells highly rely on KIT signal pathway. Clinically, about 80-90% of treatment-naive GIST patients harbor primary KIT mutations, and special KIT-targeted TKI, imatinib (IM) showing dramatic efficacy but resistance invariably occur, 90% of them was due to the second resistance mutations emerging within the KIT gene. Although there are multiple variants of KIT mutant which did not show complete uniform biologic characteristics, most of them have high KIT expression level. Notably, the high expression level of KIT gene is not correlated to its gene amplification. Recently, accumulating evidences strongly indicated that the gene coding, epigenetic regulation, and pre- or post- protein translation of KIT mutants in GIST were quite different from that of wild type (WT) KIT. In this review, we elucidate the biologic mechanism of KIT variants and update the underlying mechanism of the expression of KIT gene, which are exclusively regulated in GIST, providing a promising yet evidence-based therapeutic landscape and possible target for the conquer of IM resistance. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishan Zhou
- Division of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, Xiangya road 87
| | - Omar Abdihamid
- Garissa Cancer Center, Garissa County Referral Hospital, Kismayu road, Garissa town, P.O BOX, 29-70100, Kenya
| | - Fengbo Tan
- Division of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China, Hunan, Changsha
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Division of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Heli Liu
- Division of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China, Hunan, Changsha
| | - Zhi Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine of Xiangya Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, 410008
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 410008, MA, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Division of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, Xiangya road 87#.
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Huang J, Li H, Yang Z, Liu R, Li Y, Hu Y, Zhao S, Gao X, Yang X, Wei J. SALL4 promotes cancer stem-like cell phenotype and radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinomas via methyltransferase-like 3-mediated m6A modification. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:139. [PMID: 38355684 PMCID: PMC10866932 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Radioresistance imposes a great challenge in reducing tumor recurrence and improving the clinical prognosis of individuals having oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OSCC harbors a subpopulation of CD44(+) cells that exhibit cancer stem-like cell (CSC) characteristics are involved in malignant tumor phenotype and radioresistance. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms in CD44( + )-OSCC remain unclear. The current investigation demonstrated that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is highly expressed in CD44(+) cells and promotes CSCs phenotype. Using RNA-sequencing analysis, we further showed that Spalt-like transcription factor 4 (SALL4) is involved in the maintenance of CSCs properties. Furthermore, the overexpression of SALL4 in CD44( + )-OSCC cells caused radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, silencing SALL4 sensitized OSCC cells to radiation therapy (RT). Mechanistically, we illustrated that SALL4 is a direct downstream transcriptional regulation target of METTL3, the transcription activation of SALL4 promotes the nuclear transport of β-catenin and the expression of downstream target genes after radiation therapy, there by activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, effectively enhancing the CSCs phenotype and causing radioresistance. Herein, this study indicates that the METTL3/SALL4 axis promotes the CSCs phenotype and resistance to radiation in OSCC via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and provides a potential therapeutic target to eliminate radioresistant OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yating Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xinjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jianhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Sinha S, Hembram KC, Chatterjee S. Targeting signaling pathways in cancer stem cells: A potential approach for developing novel anti-cancer therapeutics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 385:157-209. [PMID: 38663959 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as prime players in the intricate landscape of cancer development, progression, and resistance to traditional treatments. These unique cellular subpopulations own the remarkable capability of self-renewal and differentiation, giving rise to the diverse cellular makeup of tumors and fostering their recurrence following conventional therapies. In the quest for developing more effective cancer therapeutics, the focus has now shifted toward targeting the signaling pathways that govern CSCs behavior. This chapter underscores the significance of these signaling pathways in CSC biology and their potential as pivotal targets for the development of novel chemotherapy approaches. We delve into several key signaling pathways essential for maintaining the defining characteristics of CSCs, including the Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, JAK-STAT, NF-κB pathways, among others, shedding light on their potential crosstalk. Furthermore, we highlight the latest advancements in CSC-targeted therapies, spanning from promising preclinical models to ongoing clinical trials. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate molecular aspects of CSC signaling pathways and their manipulation holds the prospective to revolutionize cancer treatment paradigms. This, in turn, could lead to more efficacious and personalized therapies with the ultimate goal of eradicating CSCs and enhancing overall patient outcomes. The exploration of CSC signaling pathways represents a key step towards a brighter future in the battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Sinha
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Subhajit Chatterjee
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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Guo YW, Zhu L, Duan YT, Hu YQ, Li LB, Fan WJ, Song FH, Cai YF, Liu YY, Zheng GW, Ge MH. Ruxolitinib induces apoptosis and pyroptosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer via the transcriptional inhibition of DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:125. [PMID: 38336839 PMCID: PMC10858168 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) has a 100% disease-specific mortality rate. The JAK1/2-STAT3 pathway presents a promising target for treating hematologic and solid tumors. However, it is unknown whether the JAK1/2-STAT3 pathway is activated in ATC, and the anti-cancer effects and the mechanism of action of its inhibitor, ruxolitinib (Ruxo, a clinical JAK1/2 inhibitor), remain elusive. Our data indicated that the JAK1/2-STAT3 signaling pathway is significantly upregulated in ATC tumor tissues than in normal thyroid and papillary thyroid cancer tissues. Apoptosis and GSDME-pyroptosis were observed in ATC cells following the in vitro and in vivo administration of Ruxo. Mechanistically, Ruxo suppresses the phosphorylation of STAT3, resulting in the repression of DRP1 transactivation and causing mitochondrial fission deficiency. This deficiency is essential for activating caspase 9/3-dependent apoptosis and GSDME-mediated pyroptosis within ATC cells. In conclusion, our findings indicate DRP1 is directly regulated and transactivated by STAT3; this exhibits a novel and crucial aspect of JAK1/2-STAT3 on the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. In ATC, the transcriptional inhibition of DRP1 by Ruxo hampered mitochondrial division and triggered apoptosis and GSDME-pyroptosis through caspase 9/3-dependent mechanisms. These results provide compelling evidence for the potential therapeutic effectiveness of Ruxo in treating ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Guo
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Fifth Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui City, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Yan-Ting Duan
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Qun Hu
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Le-Bao Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Wei-Jiao Fan
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Fa-Huan Song
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye-Feng Cai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun-Ye Liu
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Guo-Wan Zheng
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ming-Hua Ge
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Xi C, Gong Z, Ye H, Cao L, Yu J. Inhibition of ubiquitin specific peptidase 8 is effective against 5-fluorouracil resistance in colon cancer via suppressing EGFR and EGFR-mediated signaling pathways. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:251-261. [PMID: 37222451 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of a sensitizing strategy to overcome 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapeutic resistance is needed in colon cancer. Recent studies highlight the oncogenic role of ubiquitin specific peptidase 8 (USP8) in many cancers. In line with these efforts, this work investigated the therapeutic potential of targeting USP8 in colon cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine USP8 expression level in colon cancer tissues and their adjacent normal tissues. Gain-of-function analysis via plasmid overexpression and loss-of-function analysis via siRNA knockdown were applied on cellular assays. The combinatory effects of USP8 inhibitor and cisplatin were determined using a colon xenograft mouse model. Immunoblotting was performed to investigate the molecular mechanism of USP8 inhibition in colon cancer cells. RESULTS Compared to normal counterparts, we showed that USP8 protein level was significantly higher in colon cancer tissues and cells. In addition, USP8 expression was not affected by prolonged exposure of colon cancer cells to 5-FU. USP8 was important for colon cancer cell growth and survival but not migration as assessed by loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches. Pharmacological inhibition of USP8 using USP8 inhibitor is active against both sensitive and 5-FU-resistant colon cancer cells. Of note, USP8 inhibitor significantly inhibited colon cancer formation and growth, and augmented in vivo efficacy of 5-FU without causing toxicity in mice. Mechanistic studies showed that USP8 inhibitor acted on colon cancer cells through suppressing EGFR and EGFR-mediated signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our work is the first to reveal the essential role of USP8 in colon cancer via EGFR oncogenic signalling pathways. Our findings provide a proof-of-concept that USP8 inhibitors are promising candidates to overcome 5-FU resistance in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlei Xi
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhilin Gong
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Longlei Cao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
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Liang J, Liao L, Xie L, Tang W, Yu X, Lu Y, Chen H, Xu J, Sun L, Wu H, Cui C, Tan Y. PITPNC1 Suppress CD8 + T cell immune function and promote radioresistance in rectal cancer by modulating FASN/CD155. J Transl Med 2024; 22:117. [PMID: 38291470 PMCID: PMC10826121 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radioresistance is a primary factor contributing to the failure of rectal cancer treatment. Immune suppression plays a significant role in the development of radioresistance. We have investigated the potential role of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein cytoplasmic 1 (PITPNC1) in regulating immune suppression associated with radioresistance. METHODS To elucidate the mechanisms by which PITPNC1 influences radioresistance, we established HT29, SW480, and MC38 radioresistant cell lines. The relationship between radioresistance and changes in the proportion of immune cells was verified through subcutaneous tumor models and flow cytometry. Changes in the expression levels of PITPNC1, FASN, and CD155 were determined using immunohistochemistry and western blotting techniques. The interplay between these proteins was investigated using immunofluorescence co-localization and immunoprecipitation assays. Additionally, siRNA and lentivirus-mediated gene knockdown or overexpression, as well as co-culture of tumor cells with PBMCs or CD8+ T cells and establishment of stable transgenic cell lines in vivo, were employed to validate the impact of the PITPNC1/FASN/CD155 pathway on CD8+ T cell immune function. RESULTS Under irradiation, the apoptosis rate and expression of apoptosis-related proteins in radioresistant colorectal cancer cell lines were significantly decreased, while the cell proliferation rate increased. In radioresistant tumor-bearing mice, the proportion of CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ production within immune cells decreased. Immunohistochemical analysis of human and animal tissue specimens resistant to radiotherapy showed a significant increase in the expression levels of PITPNC1, FASN, and CD155. Gene knockdown and rescue experiments demonstrated that PITPNC1 can regulate the expression of CD155 on the surface of tumor cells through FASN. In addition, co-culture experiments and in vivo tumor-bearing experiments have shown that silencing PITPNC1 can inhibit FASN/CD155, enhance CD8+ T cell immune function, promote colorectal cancer cell death, and ultimately reduce radioresistance in tumor-bearing models. CONCLUSIONS PITPNC1 regulates the expression of CD155 through FASN, inhibits CD8+ T cell immune function, and promotes radioresistance in rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxian Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - WenWen Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghao Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanli Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanmei Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yujing Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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30
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Luo X, Ye Z, Xu C, Chen H, Dai S, Chen W, Bao G. Corosolic acid enhances oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and senescence in pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:176. [PMID: 38252208 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09105-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a fatal human malignancy with a poor prognosis. Corosolic acid (CRA) is a triterpenoid, has been reported to have inhibitory effects on tumor growth. However, the role of CRA on PC has not been explored. Here, we aimed to uncover the molecular mechanisms of CRA in PC progression. METHODS Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, cell apoptosis and senescence were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), LDH, flow cytometry and senescence associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) assay. Levels of relevant proteins and oxidative stress (OS) markers were evaluated by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A xenograft tumor model was established to explore the in vivo effects of CRA on PC. RESULTS We found that CRA inhibited PC cell viability and promoted LDH release in a dose-dependent manner, but had no significant effect on human normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cells HPDE6C7. CRA increased OS-induced cell apoptosis and senescence in HAPC and SW1990 cells. And CRA decreased the levels of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and elevated the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and senescence-associated proteins P21 and P53. Besides, CRA decreased tumor growth in xenograft models. Furthermore, CRA inactivated the Janus kinase-2 (JAK2)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in HAPC and SW1990 cells. Functional experiments demonstrated that activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway by the JAK2 activator coumermycin A1 (C-A1) or the STAT3 activator colivelin (col) reduced the contribution effect of OS, apoptosis and senescence by CRA. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings indicated that CRA exerted anti-cancer effects in PC by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhengchen Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chenglei Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shupeng Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Guoqing Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
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31
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Zhao Q, Zong H, Zhu P, Su C, Tang W, Chen Z, Jin S. Crosstalk between colorectal CSCs and immune cells in tumorigenesis, and strategies for targeting colorectal CSCs. Exp Hematol Oncol 2024; 13:6. [PMID: 38254219 PMCID: PMC10802076 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy in the treatment of colorectal cancer, and relapse after tumor immunotherapy has attracted increasing attention. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of tumor cells with self-renewal and differentiation capacities, are resistant to traditional therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Recently, CSCs have been proven to be the cells driving tumor relapse after immunotherapy. However, the mutual interactions between CSCs and cancer niche immune cells are largely uncharacterized. In this review, we focus on colorectal CSCs, CSC-immune cell interactions and CSC-based immunotherapy. Colorectal CSCs are characterized by robust expression of surface markers such as CD44, CD133 and Lgr5; hyperactivation of stemness-related signaling pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo/Yap1, Jak/Stat and Notch pathways; and disordered epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNA action. Moreover, colorectal CSCs express abnormal levels of immune-related genes such as MHC and immune checkpoint molecules and mutually interact with cancer niche cells in multiple tumorigenesis-related processes, including tumor initiation, maintenance, metastasis and drug resistance. To date, many therapies targeting CSCs have been evaluated, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody‒drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, tumor vaccines adoptive cell therapy, and small molecule inhibitors. With the development of CSC-/niche-targeting technology, as well as the integration of multidisciplinary studies, novel therapies that eliminate CSCs and reverse their immunosuppressive microenvironment are expected to be developed for the treatment of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hong Zong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Pingping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wenxue Tang
- The Research and Application Center of Precision Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2 Jing‑ba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Shuiling Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Vural-Ozdeniz M, Calisir K, Acar R, Yavuz A, Ozgur MM, Dalgıc E, Konu O. CAP-RNAseq: an integrated pipeline for functional annotation and prioritization of co-expression clusters. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbad536. [PMID: 38279653 PMCID: PMC10818169 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cluster analysis is one of the most widely used exploratory methods for visualization and grouping of gene expression patterns across multiple samples or treatment groups. Although several existing online tools can annotate clusters with functional terms, there is no all-in-one webserver to effectively prioritize genes/clusters using gene essentiality as well as congruency of mRNA-protein expression. Hence, we developed CAP-RNAseq that makes possible (1) upload and clustering of bulk RNA-seq data followed by identification, annotation and network visualization of all or selected clusters; and (2) prioritization using DepMap gene essentiality and/or dependency scores as well as the degree of correlation between mRNA and protein levels of genes within an expression cluster. In addition, CAP-RNAseq has an integrated primer design tool for the prioritized genes. Herein, we showed using comparisons with the existing tools and multiple case studies that CAP-RNAseq can uniquely aid in the discovery of co-expression clusters enriched with essential genes and prioritization of novel biomarker genes that exhibit high correlations between their mRNA and protein expression levels. CAP-RNAseq is applicable to RNA-seq data from different contexts including cancer and available at http://konulabapps.bilkent.edu.tr:3838/CAPRNAseq/ and the docker image is downloadable from https://hub.docker.com/r/konulab/caprnaseq.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kubra Calisir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Rana Acar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Aysenur Yavuz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa M Ozgur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ertugrul Dalgıc
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Türkiye
| | - Ozlen Konu
- Department of Neuroscience, Bilkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Albadari N, Xie Y, Li W. Deciphering treatment resistance in metastatic colorectal cancer: roles of drug transports, EGFR mutations, and HGF/c-MET signaling. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1340401. [PMID: 38269272 PMCID: PMC10806212 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1340401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2023, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. At the time of the initial visit, 20% of patients diagnosed with CRC have metastatic CRC (mCRC), and another 25% who present with localized disease will later develop metastases. Despite the improvement in response rates with various modulation strategies such as chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, the prognosis of mCRC is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of 14%, and the primary reason for treatment failure is believed to be the development of resistance to therapies. Herein, we provide an overview of the main mechanisms of resistance in mCRC and specifically highlight the role of drug transports, EGFR, and HGF/c-MET signaling pathway in mediating mCRC resistance, as well as discuss recent therapeutic approaches to reverse resistance caused by drug transports and resistance to anti-EGFR blockade caused by mutations in EGFR and alteration in HGF/c-MET signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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34
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Zheng Z, Wang X, Zheng Y, Wu H. Enhanced expression of miR-204 attenuates LPS stimulated inflammatory injury through inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via targeting CCND2. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111334. [PMID: 38061119 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
One of the most common bacterial diseases of the reproductive system in dairy cows is endometritis, which will cause huge economic loss. Here, we investigate the mechanisms of miR-204 on LPS-stimulated endometritis in vitro and in vivo. Experiments displayed that the expression of miR-204 was lower in bovine uterine tissue samples or bovine endometrial epithelial cell line (BEND) that stimulated by LPS. Compared with the negative group, miR-204 treatment significantly suppressed the production of proinflammatory factors and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. Additionally, the result of the dual luciferase assay showed that miR-204 targeted cyclin D2. More importantly, up-regulation of miR-204 alleviated LPS induced uterine injury was confirmed in vivo studies. Molecular experiments indicated that the expression level of tight junctional proteins Claudin3 and cadherin1 were both enchanced by miR-204 treatment. Accordingly, miR-204 may serve as a new measure to prevent and treat endometritis caused by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Zheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, PR China
| | - Yonghui Zheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Haichong Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China.
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35
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Dai Y, Shi S, Liu H, Zhou H, Ding W, Liu C, Jin L, Xie W, Kong H, Zhang Q. Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRO represses lung adenocarcinoma progression by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and restraining tumor metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:11. [PMID: 38182570 PMCID: PMC10770368 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06375-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that protein activities regulated by receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are crucial for a variety of cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and immunological response. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO), an RPTP, has been revealed as a putative suppressor in the development of particular tumors. However, the function and the underlying mechanisms of PTPRO in regulating of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are not well understood. In this view, the present work investigated the role of PTPRO in LUAD. Analysis of 90 pairs of clinical LUAD specimens revealed significantly lower PTPRO levels in LUAD compared with adjacent non-tumor tissue, as well as a negative correlation of PTPRO expression with tumor size and TNM stage. Survival analyses demonstrated that PTPRO level can help stratify the prognosis of LUAD patients. Furthermore, PTPRO overexpression was found to suppress the progression of LUAD both in vitro and in vivo by inducing cell death via mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, downregulating protein expression of molecules (Bcl-2, Bax, caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 3/9, cleaved-PARP and Bid) essential in cell survival. Additionally, PTPRO decreased LUAD migration and invasion by regulating proteins involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Snail). Moreover, PTPRO was shown to restrain JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. Expression of PTPRO was negatively correlated with p-JAK2, p-STAT3, Bcl-2, and Snail levels in LUAD tumor samples. Furthermore, the anti-tumor effect of PTPRO in LUAD was significant but compromised in STAT3-deficient cells. These data support the remarkable suppressive role of PTPRO in LUAD, which may represent a viable therapeutic target for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongda Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenqiu Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenyang Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linling Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhong X, Peng Y, Zhang X, Peng L, Ma K, Huang Y, Yang X. m6A-modified circ_0124554 promotes colorectal cancer progression and radioresistance through the miR-1184/LASP1 pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154950. [PMID: 38091882 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are believed to regulate the progression of various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role and mechanism of circ_0124554 in regulating the sensitivity of CRC to radiation remain unknown. METHODS The RNA levels of circ_0124554, LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1), and methyltransferase 3, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase complex catalytic subunit (METTL3) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression was checked by western blot. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were investigated by 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, flow cytometry analysis, and transwell assay, respectively. The sensitivity of CRC cells to radiation was analyzed by cell colony formation assay. Xenograft mouse model assay was conducted to disclose the role of circ_0001023 in the sensitivity of tumors to radiation in vivo. The binding relationships among circ_0124554, miR-1184 and LASP1 were confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. m6A RNA immunoprecipitation assay was performed to identify the association of METTL3 with circ_0124554. RESULTS Circ_0124554 expression was upregulated in CRC tissues and cells in comparison with normal colorectal tissues and cells. Circ_0124554 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis and radiosensitivity of CRC cells. Moreover, circ_0124554 depletion inhibited tumor formation and improved radiosensitivity in vivo. MiR-1184 was identified as a target miRNA of circ_0124554 and targeted LASP1. Additionally, LASP1 overexpression rescued circ_0124554 knockdown-mediated effects in CRC cells. METTL3 mediated m6A methylation of circ_0124554. Further, circ_0124554 overexpression attenuated METTL3 depletion-induced effects in CRC cells. CONCLUSION m6A-modified circ_0124554 promoted CRC progression and radioresistance by inducing LASP1 expression through interaction with miR-1184.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhong
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ningxiang, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong Peng
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ningxiang, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ximei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ningxiang, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Luogen Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kaiwen Ma
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ningxiang, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ningxiang, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xianghui Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
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Zhan Y, Wang W, Wang H, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Ning Y, Zheng H, Luo J, Yang Y, Zang H, Zhou M, Fan S. G3BP1 Interact with JAK2 mRNA to Promote the Malignant Progression of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma via Activating JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:94-112. [PMID: 38164170 PMCID: PMC10750281 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Ras-GTPase-activating protein (GAP)-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) is an RNA-binding protein implicated in various malignancies. However, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains elusive. This study elucidates the potential regulation mechanisms of G3BP1 and its significance in NPC advancement. Through knockdown and overexpression approaches, we validate G3BP1's oncogenic role by promoting proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, G3BP1 emerges as a key regulator of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, augmenting JAK2 expression via mRNA binding. Notably, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a green tea-derived antioxidant, counteracts G3BP1-mediated pathway activation. Clinical analysis reveals heightened G3BP1, JAK2, and p-STAT3 as powerful prognostic markers, with G3BP1's expression standing as an independent indicator of poorer outcomes for NPC patients. In conclusion, the study unveils the oncogenic prowess of G3BP1, its orchestration of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, and its pivotal role in NPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhan
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Ning
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjing Zang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Shen J, Chen C, Chen Z, Gong P, Lee LS, Schmeusser BN, Zhuang Q, Sun Y, Xue D, He X. CCL5 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:1845-1858. [PMID: 38196701 PMCID: PMC10772649 DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system. There is an urgent need for further studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of bladder cancer (BC) progression. It has been observed that C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) are expressed abnormally and activated in solid tumors and hematological malignancies, which is gaining increasing attention. However, the underlying mechanism of CCL5 in BC remains unclear. Methods The expression levels of CCL5 were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot. Proliferation analysis of cells was carried out using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). The assessment of the migration was conducted using a wound-healing assay. A Matrigel-coated transwell chamber was used to test cell invasiveness. A subcutaneous transplantation tumor model and tail vein injection pulmonary metastasis tumor model were used to evaluate the proliferation and metastasis of BC cell in vivo. Results This study showed that CCL5 promotes proliferative, migratory, and tumor-growing BC cells in vitro and tumor metastasizing BC cells in vivo. Moreover, we found that the tumor-promotive role of CCL5 is dependent on activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Conclusions CCL5 may play an oncogenic role in BC and may also serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Pengfeng Gong
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lui Shiong Lee
- Department of Urology, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Qianfeng Zhuang
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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Zhang S, Yang R, Ouyang Y, Shen Y, Hu L, Xu C. Cancer stem cells: a target for overcoming therapeutic resistance and relapse. Cancer Biol Med 2023; 20:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0333. [PMID: 38164743 PMCID: PMC10845928 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subset of cells in cancers that are thought to initiate tumorous transformation and promote metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to treatment. Growing evidence has revealed the existence of CSCs in various types of cancers and suggested that CSCs differentiate into diverse lineage cells that contribute to tumor progression. We may be able to overcome the limitations of cancer treatment with a comprehensive understanding of the biological features and mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance in CSCs. This review provides an overview of the properties, biomarkers, and mechanisms of resistance shown by CSCs. Recent findings on metabolic features, especially fatty acid metabolism and ferroptosis in CSCs, are highlighted, along with promising targeting strategies. Targeting CSCs is a potential treatment plan to conquer cancer and prevent resistance and relapse in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Chengdu Wenjiang District People’s Hospital, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yujie Ouyang
- Acupuncture and Massage College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Oncology & Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Lanlin Hu
- Department of Oncology & Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Center, Chongqing 400039, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Oncology & Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Center, Chongqing 400039, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
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Peng Y, Wu X, Zhang Y, Yin Y, Chen X, Zheng D, Wang J. An Overview of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment After Radical Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:2305-2321. [PMID: 38143910 PMCID: PMC10743783 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s413996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system, radical resection of early stage primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mainly includes liver transplantation, surgical resection, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which yield 5-year survival rates of about 70-79%, 41.3-69.5%, and 40-70%, respectively. The tumor-free 5-year rate for HCC patients undergoing radical resection only reach up to 13.7 months, so the prevention of recurrence after radical resection of HCC is very important for the prognosis of patients. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) takes the approach of multitarget and overall-regulation to treat tumors, it can also independently present the "component-target-pathway" related to a particular disease, and its systematic and holistic characteristics can provide a personalized therapy based on symptoms of the patient by treating the patient as a whole. TCM as postoperative adjuvant therapy after radical resection of HCC in Barcelona Clinic liver cancer A or B stages, and the numerous clinical trials confirmed that the efficacy of TCM in the field of HCC has a significant effect, not only improving the prognosis and quality of life but also enhancing patient survival rate. However, with the characteristics of multi-target, multi-component, and multi-pathway, the specific mechanism of Chinese medicine in the treatment of diseases is still unclear. Because of the positive pharmacological activities of TCM in combating anti-tumors, the mechanism studies of TCM have demonstrated beneficial effects on the regulation of immune function, chronic inflammation, the proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer cells, autophagy, and cell signaling pathways related to liver cancer. Therefore, this article reviews the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in reducing the recurrence rate of HCC after radical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Peng
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Hepatobiliary Department, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Wu
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Hepatobiliary Department, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Hepatobiliary Department, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Yin
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Hepatobiliary Department, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianglin Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding Zheng
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Hepatobiliary Department, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Hepatobiliary Department, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Zhao H, Han R, Wang Z, Xian J, Bai X. Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells and Targeted Agents. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2763. [PMID: 38140103 PMCID: PMC10748092 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery, cancer stem cells have become a hot topic in cancer therapy research. These cells possess stem cell-like self-renewal and differentiation capacities and are important factors that dominate cancer metastasis, therapy-resistance and recurrence. Worse, their inherent characteristics make them difficult to eliminate. Colorectal cancer is the third-most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Targeting colorectal cancer stem cells (CR-CSCs) can inhibit colorectal cancer metastasis, enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce recurrence. Here, we introduced the origin, biomarker proteins, identification, cultivation and research techniques of CR-CSCs, and we summarized the signaling pathways that regulate the stemness of CR-CSCs, such as Wnt, JAK/STAT3, Notch and Hh signaling pathway. In addition to these, we also reviewed recent anti-CR-CSC drugs targeting signaling pathways, biomarkers and other regulators. These will help researchers gain insight into the current agents targeting to CR-CSCs, explore new cancer drugs and propose potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobin Zhao
- Department of General Practice, People’s Hospital of Longhua, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen 518109, China; (H.Z.); (J.X.)
- Endocrinology Department, People’s Hospital of Longhua, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Ruining Han
- Obstetric Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China;
| | - Zhankun Wang
- Emergency Department, People’s Hospital of Longhua, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen 518109, China;
| | - Junfang Xian
- Department of General Practice, People’s Hospital of Longhua, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen 518109, China; (H.Z.); (J.X.)
| | - Xiaosu Bai
- Endocrinology Department, People’s Hospital of Longhua, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen 518109, China
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Zhang Z, Peng Y, Peng X, Xiao D, Shi Y, Tao Y. Effects of radiation therapy on tumor microenvironment: an updated review. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2802-2811. [PMID: 37442768 PMCID: PMC10686612 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cancer is a major threat to human health and causes death worldwide. Research on the role of radiotherapy (RT) in the treatment of cancer is progressing; however, RT not only causes fatal DNA damage to tumor cells, but also affects the interactions between tumor cells and different components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including immune cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, extracellular matrix, and some soluble products. Some cancer cells can survive radiation and have shown strong resistance to radiation through interaction with the TME. Currently, the complex relationships between the tumor cells and cellular components that play major roles in various TMEs are poorly understood. This review explores the relationship between RT and cell-cell communication in the TME from the perspective of immunity and hypoxia and aims to identify new RT biomarkers and treatment methods in lung cancer to improve the current status of unstable RT effect and provide a theoretical basis for further lung cancer RT sensitization research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yuanhao Peng
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Desheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ying Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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Deng H, Gong X, Ji G, Li C, Cheng S. KIF2C promotes clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression via activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 72:101938. [PMID: 37863123 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors that can be highly aggressive. Despite advances in the exploration of its underlying molecular biology, the clinical outcome for advanced ccRCC is still unsatisfied. Recently, more attention was paid to the functions of Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C) in cancer progression, while the specific function of KIF2C in ccRCC has not been sufficiently elucidated. The present study aims to investigate the role of KIF2C in the progression of ccRCC and reveal potential mechanisms. METHODS Expression of KIF2C in ccRCC tissues and adjacent normal tissue was compared and the association of KIF2C expression level with tumor grade, stage, and metastasis were analyzed using online web tool. Kaplan-Meier survival was performed to detect the association of KIF2C expression and patient' prognosis. Stably cell lines with KIF2C knockdown or overexpression were constructed by lentivirus infection. CCK-8, colony formation, scratch healing, and transwell invasion assays were carried out to explore the effect of KIF2C knockdown or overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC cells. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to reveal signaling pathways associated with KIF2C expression. The effect of KIF2C on JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were explored by western blot assay. RESULTS KIF2C expression was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues and was higher with the increase of tumor grade, stage, and metastasis. Higher expression of KIF2C was correlated with worse overall survival and diseases free survival in ccRCC patients. Silence of KIF2C inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in ccRCC cells. Conversely, overexpression of KIF2C had the opposite effect. GSEA results showed that JAK/STAT signaling pathway was markedly enriched in KIF2Chigh group. Pearson' correlation revealed that KIF2C expression was significantly associated with genes in JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Western blot results showed that KIF2C knockdown decreased protein expression of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3, and KIF2C overexpression increased the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. AG490, a JAK2/STAT3 signaling inhibitor, could partly impair the tumor-promoting effects of KIF2C in ccRCC. CONCLUSION KIF2C expression was significantly upregulated in ccRCC and correlated with tumor grade, stage, metastasis, and patients' prognosis. KIF2C promoted ccRCC progression via activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, and KIF2C might be a novel target in ccRCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Deng
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Gong
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
| | - Guanghai Ji
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China.
| | - Shaoping Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China.
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Tian C, Peng Z, Chang L, Deng X, Jiang S, Han J, Ye C, Yan Y, Luo Z. Suppresses of LIM kinase 2 promotes radiosensitivity in radioresistant non-small cell lung cancer cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22090. [PMID: 38027636 PMCID: PMC10661531 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation resistance has always been one of the main obstacles to tumor radiotherapy. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying radiotherapy resistance is a focus of research. In this study, we induced two radiation-resistant cell lines to mimic the radiation resistance of NSCLC and investigated the mechanisms of radiotherapy resistance. Cell radiosensitivity was analyzed by single-cell gel electrophoresis, colony formation and tumor sphere formation assays. A wound healing assay was used to analyze cell migration. Western blotting and siRNA were used to identify the potential mechanism. In animal model experiments, xenograft tumors were used to verify the difference between radiotherapy-resistant and nonresistant NSCLC models after radiotherapy. Our results showed that NSCLC radiation-resistant cells exhibited more radioresistance and migratory abilities under low-dose irradiation. The expression of LIMK2 and p-CFL1 were upregulated in NSCLC radiation-resistant cells. Knockdown of LIMK2 significantly enhanced the radiosensitivity of NSCLC-resistant cells. In vivo, low-dose radiotherapy suppressed tumor growth, induced apoptosis and upregulated the expression of LIMK2 in xenograft tumors. However, radiotherapy had little effect on the NSCLC radiation resistance model. In conclusion, NSCLC radiation-resistant cells exhibit more radioresistance and migratory ability under low-dose irradiation. Strikingly, knockdown of LIMK2 enhanced the radiosensitivity of NSCLC-resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tian
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Urology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Xinzhou Deng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jiahui Han
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University Union Training Base, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Can Ye
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yutao Yan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhiguo Luo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Feng Q, Chen J, Huang J, Li X, Liu X, Xiao C, Zheng X, Chen X, Li J, Gu Z, Luo K, Xiao K, Li W. A redox-responsive nanosystem to suppress chemoresistant lung cancer through targeting STAT3. J Control Release 2023; 363:349-360. [PMID: 37748583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been demonstrated to be involved in tumor initiation and relapse, and the presence of CSCs in the tumor tissue often leads to therapeutic failure. BBI608 has been identified to eliminate CSCs by inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In this study, we confirm that BBI608 can efficiently suppress the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and specifically kill the stemness-high population in chemoresistant NSCLC cells. To improve its bioavailability and tumor accumulation, BBI608 is successfully encapsulated into redox-responsive PEGylated branched N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA)-deoxy cholic acid (DA) polymeric nanoparticles (BBI608-SS-NPs). The BBI608-SS-NPs can release the drug in response to high concentrations of intracellular glutathione, and exhibit cytotoxicity against lung cancer cells and CSCs comparable to the free drug BBI608. Furthermore, the BBI608-SS-NPs preferentially accumulate in tumor sites, resulting in a superior anti-tumor efficacy in both cisplatin-resistant cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of NSCLC. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that BBI608-SS-NPs not only directly inhibit the downstream genes of the STAT3 pathway, but also indirectly inhibit the Wnt pathway. Overall, this stimuli-responsive polymeric nanoformulation of BBI608 shows great potential in the treatment of chemoresistant NSCLC by targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyi Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinxing Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunxiu Xiao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Frontier Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuanming Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jue Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Frontier Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Frontier Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Frontier Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Frontier Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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46
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Zeng Z, Fu M, Hu Y, Wei Y, Wei X, Luo M. Regulation and signaling pathways in cancer stem cells: implications for targeted therapy for cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:172. [PMID: 37853437 PMCID: PMC10583419 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), initially identified in leukemia in 1994, constitute a distinct subset of tumor cells characterized by surface markers such as CD133, CD44, and ALDH. Their behavior is regulated through a complex interplay of networks, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, epigenetic, tumor microenvironment (TME), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors. Numerous signaling pathways were found to be involved in the regulatory network of CSCs. The maintenance of CSC characteristics plays a pivotal role in driving CSC-associated tumor metastasis and conferring resistance to therapy. Consequently, CSCs have emerged as promising targets in cancer treatment. To date, researchers have developed several anticancer agents tailored to specifically target CSCs, with some of these treatment strategies currently undergoing preclinical or clinical trials. In this review, we outline the origin and biological characteristics of CSCs, explore the regulatory networks governing CSCs, discuss the signaling pathways implicated in these networks, and investigate the influential factors contributing to therapy resistance in CSCs. Finally, we offer insights into preclinical and clinical agents designed to eliminate CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Minyang Fu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Min Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.
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47
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Lu Q. Bioresponsive and multifunctional cyclodextrin-based non-viral nanocomplexes in cancer therapy: Building foundations for gene and drug delivery, immunotherapy and bioimaging. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116507. [PMID: 37364628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The interest towards application of nanomaterials in field of cancer therapy is that the drawbacks of conventional therapies including chemoresistance, radio-resistance and lack of specific targeting of tumor cells can be solved by nanotechnology. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are amphiphilic cyclic oligosaccharides that can be present in three forms of α-, β- and γ-CDs, and they can be synthesized from natural sources. The application of CDs in cancer shows an increasing trend due to benefits of these nanocomplexes in improving solubility and bioavailability of current bioactives and therapeutics for cancer. CDs are widely utilized in delivery of drugs and genes in cancer therapy, and by targeted delivery of these therapeutics into target site, they improve anti-proliferative and anti-cancer potential. The blood circulation time and tumor site accumulation of therapeutics can be improved using CD-based nanostructures. More importantly, the stimuli-responsive types of CDs including pH-, redox- and light-sensitive types can accelerate release of bioactive compound at tumor site. Interestingly, the CDs are able to mediate photothermal and photodynamic impact in impairing tumorigenesis in cancer, enhancing cell death and improving response to chemotherapy. In improving the targeting ability of CDs, their surface functionalization with ligands has been conducted. Moreover, CDs can be modified with green products such as chitosan and fucoidan, and they can be embedded in green-based nanostructures to suppress tumorigenesis. The internalization of CDs into tumor cells can occur through endocytosis and this can be clethrin-, caveolae- or receptor-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, CDs are promising candidates in bioimaging, cancer cell and organelle imaging as well as isolating tumor cells. The main benefits of using CDs in cancer therapy including sustained and low release of drugs and genes, targeted delivery, bioresponsive release of cargo, ease of surface functionalization and complexation with other nanostructures. The application of CDs in overcoming drug resistance requires more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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Hashemi M, Abbaszadeh S, Rashidi M, Amini N, Talebi Anaraki K, Motahhary M, Khalilipouya E, Harif Nashtifani A, Shafiei S, Ramezani Farani M, Nabavi N, Salimimoghadam S, Aref AR, Raesi R, Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Zha W. STAT3 as a newly emerging target in colorectal cancer therapy: Tumorigenesis, therapy response, and pharmacological/nanoplatform strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116458. [PMID: 37348629 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most aggressive tumor globally, and it can be categorized into two forms: colitis-mediated CRC and sporadic CRC. The therapeutic approaches for CRC encompass surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, even with the implementation of these techniques, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic CRC remains at a mere 12-14%. In the realm of CRC treatment, gene therapy has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach. Among the crucial molecular pathways that govern tumorigenesis, STAT3 plays a significant role. This pathway is subject to regulation by cytokines and growth factors. Once translocated into the nucleus, STAT3 influences the expression levels of factors associated with cell proliferation and metastasis. Literature suggests that the upregulation of STAT3 expression is observed as CRC cells progress towards metastatic stages. Consequently, elevated STAT3 levels serve as a significant determinant of poor prognosis and can be utilized as a diagnostic factor for cancer patients. The biological and malignant characteristics of CRC cells contribute to low survival rates in patients, as the upregulation of STAT3 prevents apoptosis and promotes pro-survival autophagy, thereby accelerating tumorigenesis. Furthermore, STAT3 plays a role in facilitating the proliferation of CRC cells through the stimulation of glycolysis and promoting metastasis via the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Notably, an intriguing observation is that the upregulation of STAT3 can mediate resistance to 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and other anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, the radio-sensitivity of CRC diminishes with increased STAT3 expression. Compounds such as curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, and other anti-tumor agents exhibit the ability to suppress STAT3 and its associated pathways, thereby impeding tumorigenesis in CRC. Furthermore, it is worth noting that nanostructures have demonstrated anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic properties in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Abbaszadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nafisesadat Amini
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Ensi Khalilipouya
- Department of Radiology, Mahdiyeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sasan Shafiei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine Group, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Wenliang Zha
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
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Yang M, Niu X, Yang X, Sun Y, Su W, Zhang J, Wu Q, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Ji H. Identification and validation of hub genes in CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1469-1478. [PMID: 36847415 PMCID: PMC10666729 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231151987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), as a significant heterogeneity category of DLBCL, is reflected in both the molecular biological and genetic levels, which in turn induces ever-changing clinical manifestations, and what mediates tumor survival mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to predict the potential hub genes in CD5+ DLBCL. A total of 622 patients with DLBCL diagnosed between 2005 and 2019 were included. High expression of CD5 was correlated with IPI, LDH, and Ann Arbor stage, patients with CD5-DLBCL have longer overall survival. We identified 976 DEGs between CD5-negative and positive DLBCL patients in the GEO database and performed GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. After intersecting the genes obtained through the Cytohubba and MCODE, further external verification was performed in the TCGA database. Three hub genes were screened: VSTM2B, GRIA3, and CCND2, of which CCND2 were mainly involved in cell cycle regulation and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Analysis of clinical samples showed that the expression of CCND2 was found to be correlated with CD5 (p = 0.001), and patients with overexpression of CCND2 in CD5+ DLBCL had poor prognosis (p = 0.0455). Cox risk regression analysis showed that, for DLBCL, CD5, and CCND2 double positive was an independent poor prognostic factor (HR: 2.545; 95% CI: 1.072-6.043; p = 0.034). These findings demonstrate that CD5 and CCND2 double-positive tumors should be stratified into specific subgroups of DLBCL with poor prognosis. CD5 may regulate CCND2 through JAK-STAT signaling pathways, mediating tumor survival. This study provides independent adverse prognostic factors for risk assessment and treatment strategies for newly diagnosed DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xingjian Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yutian Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenjia Su
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianjiang Wu
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongfei Ji
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
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50
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Jiang Y, Ma C, Hu Y, Yang Y, Ma C, Wu C, Liu L, Wen S, Moynagh PN, Wang B, Yang S. ECSIT Is a Critical Factor for Controlling Intestinal Homeostasis and Tumorigenesis through Regulating the Translation of YAP Protein. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205180. [PMID: 37409430 PMCID: PMC10477885 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is the fastest renewing tissue in mammals and its regenerative process must be tightly controlled to minimize the risk of dysfunction and tumorigenesis. The orderly expression and activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) are the key steps in driving intestinal regeneration and crucial for intestinal homeostasis. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling this process remain largely unknown. Here, it is discovered that evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways (ECSIT), a multi-functional protein, is enriched along the crypt-villus axis. Intestinal cell-specific ablation of ECSIT results in the dysregulation of intestinal differentiation unexpectedly accompanied with enhanced YAP protein dependent on translation, thus transforming intestinal cells to early proliferative stem "-like" cells and augmenting intestinal tumorigenesis. Loss of ECSIT leads to metabolic reprogramming in favor of amino acid-based metabolism, which results in demethylation of genes encoding the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F pathway and their increased expression that further promotes YAP translation initiation culminating in intestinal homeostasis imbalance and tumorigenesis. It is also shown that the expression of ECSIT is positively correlated with the survival of patients with colorectal cancer. Together, these results demonstrate the important role of ECSIT in regulating YAP protein translation to control intestinal homeostasis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Jiang
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Chunmei Ma
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Yingchao Hu
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Yongbing Yang
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Chanyuan Ma
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Shuang Wen
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Paul N. Moynagh
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health ResearchDepartment of BiologyNational University of Ireland MaynoothMaynoothW23 F2H6Ireland
- Wellcome‐Wolfson Institute for Experimental MedicineQueen's University BelfastBelfastBT7 1NNUK
| | - Bingwei Wang
- Department of PharmacologyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine138 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring HealthJiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineGusu SchoolThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
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