1
|
Krisanits BA, Schuster R, Randise J, Nogueira LM, Lane JT, Panguluri GA, Li H, Helke K, Cuitiño MC, Koivisto C, Spruill L, Ostrowski MC, Anderson SM, Turner DP, Findlay VJ. Pubertal exposure to dietary advanced glycation end products disrupts ductal morphogenesis and induces atypical hyperplasia in the mammary gland. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:118. [PMID: 37803429 PMCID: PMC10559657 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are reactive metabolites intrinsically linked with modern dietary patterns. Processed foods, and those high in sugar, protein and fat, often contain high levels of AGEs. Increased AGE levels are associated with increased breast cancer risk, however their significance has been largely overlooked due to a lack of direct cause-and-effect relationship. METHODS To address this knowledge gap, FVB/n mice were fed regular, low AGE, and high AGE diets from 3 weeks of age and mammary glands harvested during puberty (7 weeks) or adulthood (12 weeks and 7 months) to determine the effects upon mammary gland development. At endpoint mammary glands were harvested and assessed histologically (n ≥ 4). Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to assess cellular proliferation and stromal fibroblast and macrophage recruitment. The Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare continuous outcomes among groups. Mammary epithelial cell migration and invasion in response to AGE-mediated fibroblast activation was determined in two-compartment co-culture models. In vitro experiments were performed in triplicate. The nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare differences between groups. RESULTS Histological analysis revealed the high AGE diet delayed ductal elongation, increased primary branching, as well as increased terminal end bud number and size. The high AGE diet also led to increased recruitment and proliferation of stromal cells to abnormal structures that persisted into adulthood. Atypical hyperplasia was observed in the high AGE fed mice. Ex vivo fibroblasts from mice fed dietary-AGEs retain an activated phenotype and promoted epithelial migration and invasion of non-transformed immortalized and tumor-derived mammary epithelial cells. Mechanistically, we found that the receptor for AGE (RAGE) is required for AGE-mediated increases in epithelial cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS We observed a disruption in mammary gland development when mice were fed a diet high in AGEs. Further, both epithelial and stromal cell populations were impacted by the high AGE diet in the mammary gland. Educational, interventional, and pharmacological strategies to reduce AGEs associated with diet may be viewed as novel disease preventive and/or therapeutic initiatives during puberty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A Krisanits
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Reid Schuster
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jaime Randise
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lourdes M Nogueira
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jackson T Lane
- Department of Surgery and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Gowtami A Panguluri
- Department of Surgery and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kristi Helke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maria C Cuitiño
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- College of Health Sciences, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christopher Koivisto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Laura Spruill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Steven M Anderson
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David P Turner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Department of Surgery and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Victoria J Findlay
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Department of Surgery and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu M, Li H, Chen D, Wu H, Wen W, Xu H, Frank J, Chen G, Luo J. Adolescent- and adult-initiated alcohol exposure in mice differentially promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of breast cancer. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 47:251-262. [PMID: 36462938 PMCID: PMC10906809 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol exposure increases the risk of breast cancer. Alcohol consumption by adolescents is a serious social and public health issue. This study investigated the impact of adolescent alcohol consumption on mammary tumorigenesis and progression and compared it to that of adult alcohol exposure in animal models. METHODS Female adolescent (5 weeks) and adult (8 weeks) MMTV-Wnt1 mice were exposed to alcohol either chronically or acutely. For chronic alcohol exposure, animals were fed a liquid diet containing 6.7% ethanol for 23 weeks. For acute exposure, animals were treated with ethanol (2.5 g/kg, 25% w/v) via intraperitoneal (IP) injection for 15 days. RESULTS In control animals, the tumor latency was 18.5 to 22 weeks. Both chronic and acute alcohol exposure in adolescent mice significantly shortened the tumor latency to 9.5 and 8.4 weeks, respectively. However, adult-initiated alcohol exposure had little effect on the tumor latency. Both adolescent- and adult-initiated alcohol exposure significantly increased lung metastasis. Adolescent-initiated alcohol exposure but not adult-initiated alcohol exposure increased the breast cancer stem cell population. Adolescent-initiated alcohol exposure significantly altered the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells, ductal growth, and the formation of terminal end buds in the mammary glands. Adolescent-initiated alcohol exposure but not adult-initiated alcohol exposure increased estradiol levels in the blood. Acute adolescent alcohol exposure also significantly increased blood progesterone levels. Furthermore, adolescent-initiated alcohol exposure activated PAK1 and p38γ MAPK, critical regulators of mammary tumorigenesis and aggressiveness, respectively, while adult-initiated alcohol exposure activated only p38γ MAPK. In addition, both adolescent and adult alcohol exposure significantly decreased the levels of a prognostic marker miR200b. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent-initiated alcohol exposure enhanced both tumorigenesis and aggressiveness of mammary tumors, while adult-initiated alcohol exposure mainly promoted tumor metastasis. Thus, adolescent mice were more sensitive than adult mice in response to alcohol-induced tumor promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Danlei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Huaxun Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jacqueline Frank
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng Y, Luo L, Lambertz IU, Conti CJ, Fuchs-Young R. Early Dietary Exposures Epigenetically Program Mammary Cancer Susceptibility through Igf1-Mediated Expansion of the Mammary Stem Cell Compartment. Cells 2022; 11:2558. [PMID: 36010633 PMCID: PMC9406400 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a critical environmental factor affecting breast cancer risk, and recent evidence shows that dietary exposures during early development can affect lifetime mammary cancer susceptibility. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we used our established crossover feeding mouse model, where exposure to a high-fat and high-sugar (HFHS) diet during defined developmental windows determines mammary tumor incidence and latency in carcinogen-treated mice. Mammary tumor incidence is significantly increased in mice receiving a HFHS post-weaning diet (high-tumor mice, HT) compared to those receiving a HFHS diet during gestation (low-tumor mice, LT). The current study revealed that the mammary stem cell (MaSC) population was significantly increased in mammary glands from HT compared to LT mice. Igf1 expression was increased in mammary stromal cells from HT mice, where it promoted MaSC self-renewal. The increased Igf1 expression was induced by DNA hypomethylation of the Igf1 Pr1 promoter, mediated by a decrease in Dnmt3b levels. Mammary tissues from HT mice also had reduced levels of Igfbp5, leading to increased bioavailability of tissue Igf1. This study provides novel insights into how early dietary exposures program mammary cancer risk, demonstrating that effective dietary intervention can reduce mammary cancer incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanning Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Linjie Luo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Isabel U. Lambertz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Claudio J. Conti
- Department of Bioengineering, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Group (TERMeG), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28903 Madrid, Spain
| | - Robin Fuchs-Young
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hamilton AM, Olsson LT, Midkiff BR, Morozova E, Su Y, Haslam SZ, Vandenberg LN, Schneider SS, Santucci-Pereira J, Jerry DJ, Troester MA, Schwartz RC. Toward a digital analysis of environmental impacts on rodent mammary gland density during critical developmental windows. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 111:184-193. [PMID: 35690277 PMCID: PMC9670255 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
While mammographic breast density is associated with breast cancer risk in humans, there is no comparable surrogate risk measure in mouse and rat mammary glands following various environmental exposures. In the current study, mammary glands from mice and rats subjected to reproductive factors and exposures to environmental chemicals that have been shown to influence mammary gland development and/or susceptibility to mammary tumors were evaluated for histologic density by manual and automated digital methods. Digital histological density detected changes due to hormonal stimuli/reproductive factors (parity), dietary fat, and exposure to environmental chemicals, such as benzophenone-3 and a combination of perfluorooctanoic acid and zeranol. Thus, digital analysis of mammary gland density offers a high throughput method that can provide a highly reproducible means of comparing a measure of histological density across independent experiments, experimental systems, and laboratories. This methodology holds promise for the detection of environmental impacts on mammary gland structure in mice and rats that may be comparable to human breast density, thus potentially allowing comparisons between rodent models and human breast cancer studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina M Hamilton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linnea T Olsson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bentley R Midkiff
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elena Morozova
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yanrong Su
- The Irma H. Russo MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sandra Z Haslam
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sallie S Schneider
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Julia Santucci-Pereira
- The Irma H. Russo MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Joseph Jerry
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA, USA; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Melissa A Troester
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Richard C Schwartz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ortega MT, McGrath JA, Carlson L, Flores Poccia V, Larson G, Douglas C, Sun BZ, Zhao S, Beery B, Vesper HW, Duke L, Botelho JC, Filie AC, Shaw ND. Longitudinal Investigation of Pubertal Milestones and Hormones as a Function of Body Fat in Girls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:1668-1683. [PMID: 33630047 PMCID: PMC8118584 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that overweight/obese girls (OW/OB) undergo thelarche and menarche earlier than normal weight girls (NW). There have been no longitudinal studies to specifically investigate how body weight/fat affects both clinical and biochemical pubertal markers in girls. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of total body fat on reproductive hormones and on the maturation of estrogen-sensitive tissues during puberty in girls. METHODS Ninety girls (36 OW/OB, 54 NW), aged 8.2 to 14.7 years, completed 2.8 ± 1.7 study visits over 4 years. Visits included dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to calculate total body fat (TBF), Tanner staging, breast ultrasound for morphological staging (BMORPH; A-E), pelvic ultrasound, hormone tests, and assessment of menarchal status. The effect of TBF on pubertal markers was determined using a mixed, multistate, or Cox proportional hazards model, controlling for baseline BMORPH. RESULTS NW were older than OW/OB (11.3 vs 10.2 years, P < .01) at baseline and had more advanced BMORPH (P < .01). Luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and ovarian and uterine volumes increased with time with no effect of TBF. There was a time × TBF interaction for follicle-stimulating hormone, inhibin B, estrone, total and free testosterone, and androstenedione: Levels were initially similar, but after 1 year, levels increased in girls with higher TBF, plateaued in girls with midrange TBF, and decreased in girls with lower TBF. Girls with higher TBF progressed through BMORPH stage D more slowly but achieved menarche earlier than girls with lower TBF. CONCLUSION In late puberty, girls with higher TBF demonstrate differences in standard hormonal and clinical markers of puberty. Investigation of the underlying causes and clinical consequences of these differences in girls with higher TBF deserves further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madison T Ortega
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - John A McGrath
- Social & Scientific Systems Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren Carlson
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vanessa Flores Poccia
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gary Larson
- Social & Scientific Systems Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Bob Z Sun
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Breana Beery
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hubert W Vesper
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lumi Duke
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Julianne C Botelho
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Armando C Filie
- Cytopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Natalie D Shaw
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Correspondence: Natalie D. Shaw, MD, MMSc, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr, MD D3-02, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
COX-2 promotes mammary adipose tissue inflammation, local estrogen biosynthesis, and carcinogenesis in high-sugar/fat diet treated mice. Cancer Lett 2021; 502:44-57. [PMID: 33429006 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for breast cancer, especially in post-menopausal women. In the breast tissue of obese women, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-dependent prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production has been correlated with inflammation and local estrogen biosynthesis via aromatase. Using a mouse model of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene/medroxyprogesterone-acetate (DMBA/MPA)-induced carcinogenesis, we demonstrated that an obesogenic diet promotes mammary tissue inflammation and local estrogen production, and accelerates mammary tumor formation in a COX-2-dependent manner. High-sugar/fat (HSF) diet augmented the levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators MCP-1, IL-6, COX-2, and PGE2 in mammary tissue, and this was accompanied by crown-like structures of breast (CLS-B) formation and aromatase/estrogen upregulation. Treatment with a COX-2 selective inhibitor, etoricoxib, decreased PGE2, IL-6, MCP-1, and CLS-B formation as well as reduced aromatase protein and estrogen levels in the mammary tissue of mice fed a HSF diet. Etoricoxib-treated mice showed increased latency and decreased incidence of mammary tumors, which resulted in prolonged animal survival when compared to HSF diet alone. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis also seemed to account for the prolonged survival of COX-2 inhibitor-treated animals. In conclusion, obesogenic diet-induced COX-2 is sufficient to trigger inflammation, local estrogen biosynthesis, and mammary tumorigenesis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kariagina A, Morozova E, Hoshyar R, Aupperlee MD, Borin MA, Haslam SZ, Schwartz RC. Benzophenone-3 promotion of mammary tumorigenesis is diet-dependent. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4465-4478. [PMID: 33400736 PMCID: PMC7721615 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzophenone-3 is a putative endocrine disrupting chemical and common ingredient in sunscreens. The potential of endocrine disrupting chemicals to act as agonists or antagonists in critical hormonally regulated processes, such as mammary gland development and mammary tumorigenesis, demands evaluation of its potential in promoting breast cancer. This study identifies the effects of BP-3 on mammary tumorigenesis with high-fat diet during puberty versus adulthood in Trp53-null transplant BALB/c mice. Benzophenone-3 exposure yielded levels in urine similar to humans subjected to heavy topical sunscreen exposure. Benzophenone-3 was protective for epithelial tumorigenesis in mice fed lifelong low-fat diet, while promotional for epithelial tumorigenesis in mice fed adult high-fat diet. Benzophenone-3 increased tumor cell proliferation, decreased tumor cell apoptosis, and increased tumor vascularity dependent on specific dietary regimen and tumor histopathology. Even in instances of an ostensibly protective effect, other parameters suggest greater risk. Although benzophenone-3 seemed protective on low-fat diet, spindle cell tumors arising in these mice showed increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis. This points to a need for further studies of benzophenone-3 in both animal models and humans as a potential breast cancer risk factor, as well as a more general need to evaluate endocrine disrupting chemicals in varying dietary contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Kariagina
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Elena Morozova
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Reyhane Hoshyar
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mark D. Aupperlee
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Borin
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sandra Z. Haslam
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Richard C. Schwartz
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Every year, over 2 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer. Although considerable progress was made within the last years in cancer prevention, diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer is still responsible for over 600,000 of deaths per year. Over the years, numerous mouse models have been developed to understand breast cancer etiology and progression. Among those, mammary carcinomas induced by carcinogen, such as 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), has been widely used. Generally, 30-70% of mice exposed to 4-6 weekly doses of 1mg of DMBA during the peripubertal period (4-10 weeks of age) will develop mammary tumors within 150-200 days after the first exposure, that sometime metastasize to the lungs. As a result, DMBA-induced tumorigenesis is thought to be an accurate and relevant model to study breast cancer as it closely mimics this multistep process. This chapter presents the typical protocol used in mice to induce mammary gland tumors using DMBA. The influence of the number of doses and the total burden of DMBA given, as well as of the age and strain of the mice on mammary gland incident and on tumor onset are discussed. The current knowledge regarding mechanisms involved in DMBA-induced tumorigenesis is also presented.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kulathunga N, Kohno S, Linn P, Nishimoto Y, Horike SI, Zaraiskii MI, Kumar S, Muranaka H, Takahashi C. Peripubertal high-fat diet promotes c-Myc stabilization in mammary gland epithelium. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2336-2348. [PMID: 32437590 PMCID: PMC7385354 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fat consumption during accelerated stages of mammary gland development, such as peripubertal maturation or pregnancy, is known to increase the risk for breast cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we examined the gene expression profile of mouse mammary epithelial cells (MMECs) on exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) or control diet (CD). Trp53-/- female mice were fed with the experimental diets for 5 weeks during the peripubertal period (3-8 weeks of age). The treatment showed no significant difference in body weight between the HFD-fed mice and CD-fed mice. However, gene set enrichment analysis predicted a significant enrichment of c-Myc target genes in animals fed HFD. Furthermore, we detected enhanced activity and stabilization of c-Myc protein in MMECs exposed to a HFD. This was accompanied by augmented c-Myc phosphorylation at S62 with a concomitant increase in ERK phosphorylation. Moreover, MMECs derived from HFD-fed Trp53-/- mouse showed increased colony- and sphere-forming potential that was dependent on c-Myc. Further, oleic acid, a major fatty acid constituent of the HFD, and TAK-875, an agonist to G protein-coupled receptor 40 (a receptor for oleic acid), enhanced c-Myc stabilization and MMEC proliferation. Overall, our data indicate that HFD influences MMECs by stabilizing an oncoprotein, pointing to a novel mechanism underlying dietary fat-mediated mammary carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilakshi Kulathunga
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Susumu Kohno
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Paing Linn
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuuki Nishimoto
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Horike
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mikhail I Zaraiskii
- Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hayato Muranaka
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Burkholder A, Akrobetu D, Pandiri AR, Ton K, Kim S, Labow BI, Nuzzi LC, Firriolo JM, Schneider SS, Fenton SE, Shaw ND. Investigation of the adolescent female breast transcriptome and the impact of obesity. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:44. [PMID: 32393308 PMCID: PMC7216667 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early life environmental exposures affect breast development and breast cancer risk in adulthood. The breast is particularly vulnerable during puberty when mammary epithelial cells proliferate exponentially. In overweight/obese (OB) women, inflammation increases breast aromatase expression and estrogen synthesis and promotes estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. In contrast, recent epidemiological studies suggest that obesity during childhood decreases future breast cancer risk. Studies on environmental exposures and breast cancer risk have thus far been limited to animal models. Here, we present the first interrogation of the human adolescent breast at the molecular level and investigate how obesity affects the immature breast. Methods We performed RNA-seq in 62 breast tissue samples from adolescent girls/young women (ADOL; mean age 17.8 years) who underwent reduction mammoplasty. Thirty-one subjects were non-overweight/obese (NOB; mean BMI 23.4 kg/m2) and 31 were overweight/obese (OB; BMI 32.1 kg/m2). We also compared our data to published mammary transcriptome datasets from women (mean age 39 years) and young adult mice, rats, and macaques. Results The ADOL breast transcriptome showed limited (30%) overlap with other species, but 88% overlap with adult women for the 500 most highly expressed genes in each dataset; only 43 genes were shared by all groups. In ADOL, there were 120 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in OB compared with NOB samples (padj < 0.05). Based on these DEG, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) identified the cytokines CSF1 and IL-10 and the chemokine receptor CCR2 as among the most highly activated upstream regulators, suggesting increased inflammation in the OB breast. Classical ER targets (e.g., PR, AREG) were not differentially expressed, yet IPA identified the ER and PR and growth factors/receptors (VEGF, HGF, HER3) and kinases (AKT1) involved in hormone-independent ER activation as activated upstream regulators in OB breast tissue. Conclusions These studies represent the first investigation of the human breast transcriptome during late puberty/young adulthood and demonstrate that obesity is associated with a transcriptional signature of inflammation which may augment estrogen action in the immature breast microenvironment. We anticipate that these studies will prompt more comprehensive cellular and molecular investigations of obesity and its effect on the breast during this critical developmental window.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Burkholder
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dennis Akrobetu
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, MD A2-03, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Arun R Pandiri
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, Division of National Toxicology Program (DNTP), NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kiki Ton
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, Division of National Toxicology Program (DNTP), NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sue Kim
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, MD A2-03, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Brian I Labow
- Adolescent Breast Clinic, the Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura C Nuzzi
- Adolescent Breast Clinic, the Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph M Firriolo
- Adolescent Breast Clinic, the Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sallie S Schneider
- Biospecimen Resource and Molecular Analysis Facility, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Suzanne E Fenton
- National Toxicology Program Laboratory, DNTP, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Natalie D Shaw
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, MD A2-03, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Krisanits B, Randise JF, Burton CE, Findlay VJ, Turner DP. Pubertal mammary development as a "susceptibility window" for breast cancer disparity. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 146:57-82. [PMID: 32241392 PMCID: PMC10084741 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Factors such as socioeconomic status, age at menarche and childbearing patterns are components that have been shown to influence mammary gland development and establish breast cancer disparity. Pubertal mammary gland development is selected as the focus of this review, as it is identified as a "window of susceptibility" for breast cancer risk and disparity. Here we recognize non-Hispanic White, African American, and Asian American women as the focus of breast cancer disparity, in conjunction with diets associated with changes in breast cancer risk. Diets consisting of high fat, N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, N-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as obesity and the Western diet have shown to lead to changes in pubertal mammary gland development in mammalian models, therefore increasing the risk of breast cancer and breast cancer disparity. While limited intervention strategies are offered to adolescents to mitigate development changes and breast cancer risk, the prominent solution to closing the disparity among the selected population is to foster lifestyle changes that avoid the deleterious effects of unhealthy diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Krisanits
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Jaime F Randise
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Clare E Burton
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Victoria J Findlay
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - David P Turner
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hue-Beauvais C, Laubier J, Brun N, Houtia I, Jaffrezic F, Bevilacqua C, Le Provost F, Charlier M. Puberty is a critical window for the impact of diet on mammary gland development in the rabbit. Dev Dyn 2019; 248:948-960. [PMID: 31348557 PMCID: PMC6790954 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nutritional changes can affect future lactation efficiency. In a rabbit model, an obesogenic diet initiated before puberty and pursued throughout pregnancy enhances mammary differentiation, but when started during the neonatal period can cause abnormal mammary development in early pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of an unbalanced diet administered during the pubertal period only. Results Consuming an obesogenic diet at puberty did not affect either metabolic parameters or certain maternal reproductive parameters at the onset of adulthood. In contrast, at Day 8 of pregnancy, epithelial tissue showed a lower proliferation rate in obesogenic‐diet fed rabbits than in control‐diet fed rabbits. Wap and Cx26 genes, mammary epithelial cell differentiation markers, were upregulated although Wap protein level remained unchanged. However, the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and in alveolar formation was not modified. Conclusion Taken together, our results demonstrate that the consumption for 5 weeks of an obesogenic diet during the pubertal period initiates mammary structure modifications and affects mammary epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. Our findings highlight the potentially important role played by unbalanced nutrition during critical early‐life windows in terms of regulating mammary epithelial cell differentiation and subsequent function in adulthood. Our results demonstrate that the consumption for five weeks of an obesogenic diet during the pubertal period initiates mammary structure modifications and affects mammary epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. Our findings highlight the potentially important role played by unbalanced nutrition during critical early‐life windows in terms of regulating mammary epithelial cell differentiation and subsequent function in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Hue-Beauvais
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Johann Laubier
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nicolas Brun
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Inès Houtia
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florence Jaffrezic
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Claudia Bevilacqua
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Madia Charlier
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Csiszar A, Balasubramanian P, Tarantini S, Yabluchanskiy A, Zhang XA, Springo Z, Benbrook D, Sonntag WE, Ungvari Z. Chemically induced carcinogenesis in rodent models of aging: assessing organismal resilience to genotoxic stressors in geroscience research. GeroScience 2019; 41:209-227. [PMID: 31037472 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is significant overlap between the cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and pathways contributing to carcinogenesis, including the role of genome maintenance pathways. In the field of geroscience analysis of novel genetic mouse models with either a shortened, or an extended, lifespan provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the synergistic roles of longevity assurance pathways in cancer resistance and regulation of lifespan and to develop novel targets for interventions that both delay aging and prevent carcinogenesis. There is a growing need for robust assays to assess the susceptibility of cancer in these models. The present review focuses on a well-characterized method frequently used in cancer research, which can be adapted to study resilience to genotoxic stress and susceptibility to genotoxic stress-induced carcinogenesis in geroscience research namely, chemical carcinogenesis induced by treatment with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Recent progress in understanding how longer-living mice may achieve resistance to chemical carcinogenesis and how these pathways are modulated by anti-aging interventions is reviewed. Strain-specific differences in sensitivity to DMBA-induced carcinogenesis are also explored and contrasted with mouse lifespan. The clinical relevance of inhibition of DMBA-induced carcinogenesis for the pathogenesis of mammary adenocarcinomas in older human subjects is discussed. Finally, the potential role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the regulation of pathways responsible for cellular resilience to DMBA-induced mutagenesis is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Csiszar
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Xin A Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zsolt Springo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Doris Benbrook
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - William E Sonntag
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA. .,Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. .,Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. .,Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. .,Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Escrich R, Costa I, Moreno M, Cubedo M, Vela E, Escrich E, Moral R. A high-corn-oil diet strongly stimulates mammary carcinogenesis, while a high-extra-virgin-olive-oil diet has a weak effect, through changes in metabolism, immune system function and proliferation/apoptosis pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 64:218-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
15
|
Sundaram S, Yan L. Time-restricted feeding mitigates high-fat diet-enhanced mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice. Nutr Res 2018; 59:72-79. [PMID: 30442235 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Erratic eating behavior disrupts the daily feeding and fasting pattern and leads to metabolic dysfunction and chronic diseases including cancer. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that time-restricted feeding of a high-fat diet (HFD) to the dark phase does not enhance mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice. Female mice were assigned to 3 groups and fed the standard AIN93G diet or an HFD with or without dark phase restricted feeding (12 hours). The duration of restricted feeding was 8 weeks. The HFD group had 24% more body fat mass than the AIN93G group; the body fat mass of the restricted group remained similar to that of the AIN93G group. Energy intake of the restricted group was similar to that of the HFD and AIN93G groups. The median mammary tumor latency was 5.8, 7.0, and 6.4 weeks for the AIN93G, HFD, and restricted groups, respectively. Mammary tumor progression was 241% higher in the HFD group than that in the AIN93G group; there was no significant difference in tumor progression between the restricted and AIN93G groups. Plasma concentrations of leptin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, angiopoietin-2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and hepatocyte growth factor were significantly higher in the HFD group than those in the control group; these measurements were similar between the restricted and control groups. In conclusion, feeding restricted to the dark phase mitigates the HFD-enhanced mammary tumorigenesis; this may be related to the lower body adiposity and associated inflammatory and angiogenic signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sundaram
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
| | - L Yan
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu Y, Aupperlee MD, Zhao Y, Tan YS, Kirk EL, Sun X, Troester MA, Schwartz RC, Haslam SZ. Pubertal and adult windows of susceptibility to a high animal fat diet in Trp53-null mammary tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83409-83423. [PMID: 27825136 PMCID: PMC5347778 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Premenopausal breast cancer is associated with increased animal fat consumption among normal weight, but not overweight women (Farvid et al., 2014). Our previous findings in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice similarly showed promotion of carcinogen-induced mammary tumorigenesis by a diet high in saturated animal fat (HFD). This effect was specific to pubertal versus adult HFD. This study identifies the effects of HFD during puberty versus adulthood in Trp53-null transplant BALB/c mice and investigates its mechanism of enhancing tumorigenesis. Either pubertal or adult HFD is sufficient to increase incidence of Trp53-null mammary tumors. Puberty-restricted HFD exposure promoted tumor cell proliferation, increased angiogenesis, and increased recruitment of total and M2 macrophages in epithelial tumors. Adult-restricted exposure to HFD similarly increased proliferation, angiogenesis, recruitment of total and M2 macrophages, and additionally reduced apoptosis. Adult HFD also increased incidence of spindle cell carcinomas resembling claudin-low breast cancer, and thus adult HFD in the Trp53-null transplantation system may be a useful model for human claudin low breast cancer. Importantly, these results on Trp53-null and our prior studies on DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis demonstrate a pubertal window of susceptibility to the promotional effects of HFD, indicating the potential of early life dietary intervention to reduce breast cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Zhu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program and Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mark D Aupperlee
- Department of Physiology and Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ying Siow Tan
- Department of Physiology and Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Erin L Kirk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xuezheng Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Melissa A Troester
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Richard C Schwartz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sandra Z Haslam
- Department of Physiology and Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Obesity enhances carcinogen 7, 12-Dimethylbenz [a] anthracene -induced tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:156-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
18
|
Zhu Y, Aupperlee MD, Haslam SZ, Schwartz RC. Pubertally Initiated High-Fat Diet Promotes Mammary Tumorigenesis in Obesity-Prone FVB Mice Similarly to Obesity-Resistant BALB/c Mice. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:928-935. [PMID: 29024822 PMCID: PMC5704096 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Premenopausal breast cancer is associated with increased animal fat consumption among normal-weight but not overweight women. Our previous findings in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice showed that a diet high in saturated animal fat (HFD) promotes mammary tumorigenesis in both DMBA carcinogenesis and Trp53-null transplant models. Having made these observations in BALB/c mice, which have very modest HFD weight gain, we determined the effects of HFD in FVB mice, which gain significant weight on HFD. Three-week-old FVB mice fed a low-fat diet or HFD were subjected to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced carcinogenesis. Like BALB/c mice, HFD promoted mammary tumorigenesis. Development of tumors largely occurred prior to mice becoming obese, indicating the role of animal-derived HFD rather than resulting obesity in tumor promotion. Also similar to BALB/c mice, early-occurring adenosquamous mammary tumors were abundant among HFD-fed FVB mice. Tumors from HFD mice also had increased intra-tumor M2 macrophages. Prior to tumor development, HFD accelerated normal mammary gland development and increased mammary M2 macrophages, similarly to BALB/c mice. The promotional effects of puberty-initiated HFD on carcinogen-induced mammary cancer are thus largely weight gain-independent. Like BALB/c mice, HFD promoted adenosquamous tumors, suggesting a role for early age HFD in promoting this subtype of triple negative mammary cancer. M2 macrophage recruitment was common to both mouse strains. We speculate that a similar effect of HFD on immune function may contribute to epidemiological findings of increased breast cancer risk in young, premenopausal, normal-weight women who consume a diet high in saturated animal fat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Zhu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Mark D Aupperlee
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Sandra Z Haslam
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
| | - Richard C Schwartz
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Qin Y, Sundaram S, Essaid L, Chen X, Miller SM, Yan F, Darr DB, Galanko JA, Montgomery SA, Major MB, Johnson GL, Troester MA, Makowski L. Weight loss reduces basal-like breast cancer through kinome reprogramming. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:26. [PMID: 27042159 PMCID: PMC4818517 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with an aggressive subtype of breast cancer called basal-like breast cancer (BBC). BBC has no targeted therapies, making the need for mechanistic insight urgent. Reducing adiposity in adulthood can lower incidence of BBC in humans. Thus, this study investigated whether a dietary intervention to reduce adiposity prior to tumor onset would reverse HFD-induced BBC. METHODS Adult C3(1)-Tag mice were fed a low or high fat diet (LFD, HFD), and an obese group initially exposed to HFD was then switched to LFD to induce weight loss. A subset of mice was sacrificed prior to average tumor latency to examine unaffected mammary gland. Latency, tumor burden and progression was evaluated for effect of diet exposure. Physiologic, histology and proteomic analysis was undertaken to determine mechanisms regulating obesity and weight loss in BBC risk. Statistical analysis included Kaplan-Meier and log rank analysis to investigate latency. Student's t tests or ANOVA compared variables. RESULTS Mice that lost weight displayed significantly delayed latency compared to mice fed HFD, with latency matching those on LFD. Plasma leptin concentrations significantly increased with adiposity, were reduced to control levels with weight loss, and negatively correlated with tumor latency. HFD increased atypical ductal hyperplasia and ductal carcinoma in situ in mammary gland isolated prior to mean latency-a phenomenon that was lost in mice induced to lose weight. Importantly, kinome analysis revealed that weight loss reversed HFD-upregulated activity of PKC-α, PKD1, PKA, and MEK3 and increased AMPKα activity in unaffected mammary glands isolated prior to tumor latency. CONCLUSIONS Weight loss prior to tumor onset protected against the effects of HFD on latency and pre-neoplastic lesions including atypical ductal hyperplasia and DCIS. Using innovative kinomics, multiple kinases upstream of MAPK/P38α were demonstrated to be activated by HFD-induced weight gain and reversed with weight loss, providing novel targets in obesity-associated BBC. Thus, the HFD-exposed microenvironment that promoted early tumor onset was reprogrammed by weight loss and the restoration of a lean phenotype. Our work contributes to an understanding of underlying mechanisms associated with tumor and normal mammary changes that occur with weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Qin
- />CB 7461, Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2203 McGavran Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461 USA
| | - Sneha Sundaram
- />CB 7461, Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2203 McGavran Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461 USA
| | - Luma Essaid
- />CB 7461, Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2203 McGavran Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461 USA
| | - Xin Chen
- />Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Samantha M. Miller
- />Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Feng Yan
- />Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - David B. Darr
- />Mouse Phase I Unit, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Joseph A. Galanko
- />Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Stephanie A. Montgomery
- />Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Michael B. Major
- />Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Gary L. Johnson
- />Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- />Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Melissa A. Troester
- />Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- />Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Liza Makowski
- />CB 7461, Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2203 McGavran Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461 USA
- />Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| |
Collapse
|