1
|
Mariapun S, Ho WK, Eriksson M, Tai MC, Mohd Taib NA, Yip CH, Rahmat K, Li J, Hartman M, Hall P, Easton DF, Lindstrom S, Teo SH. Evaluation of SNPs associated with mammographic density in European women with mammographic density in Asian women from South-East Asia. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 201:237-245. [PMID: 37338730 PMCID: PMC10865780 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06984-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mammographic density (MD), after accounting for age and body mass index (BMI), is a strong heritable risk factor for breast cancer. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 64 SNPs in 55 independent loci associated with MD in women of European ancestry. Their associations with MD in Asian women, however, are largely unknown. METHOD Using linear regression adjusting for age, BMI, and ancestry-informative principal components, we evaluated the associations of previously reported MD-associated SNPs with MD in a multi-ethnic cohort of Asian ancestry. Area and volumetric mammographic densities were determined using STRATUS (N = 2450) and Volpara™ (N = 2257). We also assessed the associations of these SNPs with breast cancer risk in an Asian population of 14,570 cases and 80,870 controls. RESULTS Of the 61 SNPs available in our data, 21 were associated with MD at a nominal threshold of P value < 0.05, all in consistent directions with those reported in European ancestry populations. Of the remaining 40 variants with a P-value of association > 0.05, 29 variants showed consistent directions of association as those previously reported. We found that nine of the 21 MD-associated SNPs in this study were also associated with breast cancer risk in Asian women (P < 0.05), seven of which showed a direction of associations that was consistent with that reported for MD. CONCLUSION Our study confirms the associations of 21 SNPs (19/55 or 34.5% out of all known MD loci identified in women of European ancestry) with area and/or volumetric densities in Asian women, and further supports the evidence of a shared genetic basis through common genetic variants for MD and breast cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivaani Mariapun
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Weang Kee Ho
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mei Chee Tai
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aishah Mohd Taib
- Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Har Yip
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Kartini Rahmat
- Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Biomedical Imaging Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya Research Imaging Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jingmei Li
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara Lindstrom
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen S, Tamimi RM, Colditz GA, Jiang S. Association and Prediction Utilizing Craniocaudal and Mediolateral Oblique View Digital Mammography and Long-Term Breast Cancer Risk. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2023; 16:531-537. [PMID: 37428020 PMCID: PMC10472097 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-22-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Mammographic percentage of volumetric density is an important risk factor for breast cancer. Epidemiology studies historically used film images often limited to craniocaudal (CC) views to estimate area-based breast density. More recent studies using digital mammography images typically use the averaged density between craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) view mammography for 5- and 10-year risk prediction. The performance in using either and both mammogram views has not been well-investigated. We use 3,804 full-field digital mammograms from the Joanne Knight Breast Health Cohort (294 incident cases and 657 controls), to quantity the association between volumetric percentage of density extracted from either and both mammography views and to assess the 5 and 10-year breast cancer risk prediction performance. Our results show that the association between percent volumetric density from CC, MLO, and the average between the two, retain essentially the same association with breast cancer risk. The 5- and 10-year risk prediction also shows similar prediction accuracy. Thus, one view is sufficient to assess association and predict future risk of breast cancer over a 5 or 10-year interval. PREVENTION RELEVANCE Expanding use of digital mammography and repeated screening provides opportunities for risk assessment. To use these images for risk estimates and guide risk management in real time requires efficient processing. Evaluating the contribution of different views to prediction performance can guide future applications for risk management in routine care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Chen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rulla M. Tamimi
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Graham A. Colditz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Shu Jiang
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Habel LA, Alexeeff SE, Achacoso N, Arasu VA, Gastounioti A, Gerstley L, Klein RJ, Liang RY, Lipson JA, Mankowski W, Margolies LR, Rothstein JH, Rubin DL, Shen L, Sistig A, Song X, Villaseñor MA, Westley M, Whittemore AS, Yaffe MJ, Wang P, Kontos D, Sieh W. Examination of fully automated mammographic density measures using LIBRA and breast cancer risk in a cohort of 21,000 non-Hispanic white women. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:92. [PMID: 37544983 PMCID: PMC10405373 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast density is strongly associated with breast cancer risk. Fully automated quantitative density assessment methods have recently been developed that could facilitate large-scale studies, although data on associations with long-term breast cancer risk are limited. We examined LIBRA assessments and breast cancer risk and compared results to prior assessments using Cumulus, an established computer-assisted method requiring manual thresholding. METHODS We conducted a cohort study among 21,150 non-Hispanic white female participants of the Research Program in Genes, Environment and Health of Kaiser Permanente Northern California who were 40-74 years at enrollment, followed for up to 10 years, and had archived processed screening mammograms acquired on Hologic or General Electric full-field digital mammography (FFDM) machines and prior Cumulus density assessments available for analysis. Dense area (DA), non-dense area (NDA), and percent density (PD) were assessed using LIBRA software. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for breast cancer associated with DA, NDA and PD modeled continuously in standard deviation (SD) increments, adjusting for age, mammogram year, body mass index, parity, first-degree family history of breast cancer, and menopausal hormone use. We also examined differences by machine type and breast view. RESULTS The adjusted HRs for breast cancer associated with each SD increment of DA, NDA and PD were 1.36 (95% confidence interval, 1.18-1.57), 0.85 (0.77-0.93) and 1.44 (1.26-1.66) for LIBRA and 1.44 (1.33-1.55), 0.81 (0.74-0.89) and 1.54 (1.34-1.77) for Cumulus, respectively. LIBRA results were generally similar by machine type and breast view, although associations were strongest for Hologic machines and mediolateral oblique views. Results were also similar during the first 2 years, 2-5 years and 5-10 years after the baseline mammogram. CONCLUSION Associations with breast cancer risk were generally similar for LIBRA and Cumulus density measures and were sustained for up to 10 years. These findings support the suitability of fully automated LIBRA assessments on processed FFDM images for large-scale research on breast density and cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, CA, Oakland, USA.
| | - Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, CA, Oakland, USA
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, CA, Oakland, USA
| | - Vignesh A Arasu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, CA, Oakland, USA
- Department of Radiology, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Aimilia Gastounioti
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lawrence Gerstley
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, CA, Oakland, USA
| | - Robert J Klein
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rhea Y Liang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jafi A Lipson
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Walter Mankowski
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laurie R Margolies
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adriana Sistig
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Mark Westley
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, CA, Oakland, USA
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Martin J Yaffe
- Sunnybrook Research Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Despina Kontos
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Burnside ES, Warren LM, Myles J, Wilkinson LS, Wallis MG, Patel M, Smith RA, Young KC, Massat NJ, Duffy SW. Quantitative breast density analysis to predict interval and node-positive cancers in pursuit of improved screening protocols: a case-control study. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:884-892. [PMID: 34168297 PMCID: PMC8438060 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01466-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates whether quantitative breast density (BD) serves as an imaging biomarker for more intensive breast cancer screening by predicting interval, and node-positive cancers. METHODS This case-control study of 1204 women aged 47-73 includes 599 cancer cases (302 screen-detected, 297 interval; 239 node-positive, 360 node-negative) and 605 controls. Automated BD software calculated fibroglandular volume (FGV), volumetric breast density (VBD) and density grade (DG). A radiologist assessed BD using a visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 100. Logistic regression and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) determined whether BD could predict mode of detection (screen-detected or interval); node-negative cancers; node-positive cancers, and all cancers vs. controls. RESULTS FGV, VBD, VAS, and DG all discriminated interval cancers (all p < 0.01) from controls. Only FGV-quartile discriminated screen-detected cancers (p < 0.01). Based on AUC, FGV discriminated all cancer types better than VBD or VAS. FGV showed a significantly greater discrimination of interval cancers, AUC = 0.65, than of screen-detected cancers, AUC = 0.61 (p < 0.01) as did VBD (0.63 and 0.53, respectively, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION FGV, VBD, VAS and DG discriminate interval cancers from controls, reflecting some masking risk. Only FGV discriminates screen-detected cancers perhaps adding a unique component of breast cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Burnside
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, E3/311 Clinical Science Center, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Lucy M Warren
- National Co-ordinating Centre for the Physics of Mammography (NCCPM), Medical Physics Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK
| | - Jonathan Myles
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Queen Mary University of London, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Matthew G Wallis
- Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mishal Patel
- Scientific Computing, Medical Physics Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Kenneth C Young
- National Co-ordinating Centre for the Physics of Mammography (NCCPM), Medical Physics Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK
| | - Nathalie J Massat
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Queen Mary University of London, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, London, UK
| | - Stephen W Duffy
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Queen Mary University of London, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li WM, Sun QW, Fan XF, Zhang JC, Xu T, Shen QQ, Jia L. Mammography breast density: an effective supplemental modality for the precise grading of ultrasound BI-RADS 4 categories. Gland Surg 2021; 10:2010-2018. [PMID: 34268085 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background High breast density is significantly associated with an increased risk of breast diseases. Presently, suspected breast masses assessed as Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) grade 4 provide a wide range of positive predictive values. Moreover, subcategories (4a, 4b, and 4c) are still under consideration as the diagnostic criteria are neither comprehensive nor objective. However, whether mammography breast density (MBD) has any impact on the accurate grading of BI-RADS 4 assessed by ultrasound (US) remains unknown. Methods A total of 1,086 women with 1,293 breast masses were included and assessed as BI-RADS 3-5 by US. The subcategories of MBD (from the ACR-a to the ACR-d group) were assessed by mammography according to the criteria of the American College of Radiology (ACR). The clinicopathological characteristics of these patients were reviewed retrospectively. The malignancy rates of breast masses among different subgroups assessed by BI-RADS were re-estimated with MBD. Results Almost all BI-RADS 3 masses were classified as benign and nearly all BI-RADS 5 masses were identified as malignant. Significant inverse associations between MBD and malignancy rates were detected between the BI-RADS 4a and BI-RADS 4b groups. Moreover, malignancy rates decreased significantly from ACR-a to ACR-d for BI-RADS 4a and 4b breast lesions (P<0.001). However, this trend was not observed in BI-RADS 4c breast lesions. Conclusions MBD could serve as a crucial factor for the accurate grading of BI-RADS 4 lesions assessed by US. We strongly recommend the adoption of the MBD as a possible supplemental screening modality for US. Furthermore, it is equally beneficial for accurate risk assessment and screening recommendations based on MBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiu-Wei Sun
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Fan
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun-Chao Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Clinical and Research, Shenzhen Mindray Biomedical Electronics Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi-Qi Shen
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sieh W, Rothstein JH, Klein RJ, Alexeeff SE, Sakoda LC, Jorgenson E, McBride RB, Graff RE, McGuire V, Achacoso N, Acton L, Liang RY, Lipson JA, Rubin DL, Yaffe MJ, Easton DF, Schaefer C, Risch N, Whittemore AS, Habel LA. Identification of 31 loci for mammographic density phenotypes and their associations with breast cancer risk. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5116. [PMID: 33037222 PMCID: PMC7547012 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammographic density (MD) phenotypes are strongly associated with breast cancer risk and highly heritable. In this GWAS meta-analysis of 24,192 women, we identify 31 MD loci at P < 5 × 10-8, tripling the number known to 46. Seventeen identified MD loci also are associated with breast cancer risk in an independent meta-analysis (P < 0.05). Mendelian randomization analyses show that genetic estimates of dense area (DA), nondense area (NDA), and percent density (PD) are all significantly associated with breast cancer risk (P < 0.05). Pathway analyses reveal distinct biological processes involving DA, NDA and PD loci. These findings provide additional insights into the genetic basis of MD phenotypes and their associations with breast cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiva Sieh
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Klein
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Russell B McBride
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca E Graff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Luana Acton
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Rhea Y Liang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jafi A Lipson
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Martin J Yaffe
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine Schaefer
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Neil Risch
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheasley D, Devereux L, Hughes S, Nickson C, Procopio P, Lee G, Li N, Pridmore V, Elder K, Bruce Mann G, Kader T, Rowley SM, Fox SB, Byrne D, Saunders H, Fujihara KM, Lim B, Gorringe KL, Campbell IG. The TP53 mutation rate differs in breast cancers that arise in women with high or low mammographic density. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:34. [PMID: 32802943 PMCID: PMC7414106 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-00176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammographic density (MD) influences breast cancer risk, but how this is mediated is unknown. Molecular differences between breast cancers arising in the context of the lowest and highest quintiles of mammographic density may identify the mechanism through which MD drives breast cancer development. Women diagnosed with invasive or in situ breast cancer where MD measurement was also available (n = 842) were identified from the Lifepool cohort of >54,000 women participating in population-based mammographic screening. This group included 142 carcinomas in the lowest quintile of MD and 119 carcinomas in the highest quintile. Clinico-pathological and family history information were recorded. Tumor DNA was collected where available (n = 56) and sequenced for breast cancer predisposition and driver gene mutations, including copy number alterations. Compared to carcinomas from low-MD breasts, those from high-MD breasts were significantly associated with a younger age at diagnosis and features associated with poor prognosis. Low- and high-MD carcinomas matched for grade, histological subtype, and hormone receptor status were compared for somatic genetic features. Low-MD carcinomas had a significantly increased frequency of TP53 mutations, higher homologous recombination deficiency, higher fraction of the genome altered, and more copy number gains on chromosome 1q and losses on 17p. While high-MD carcinomas showed enrichment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the stroma. The data demonstrate that when tumors were matched for confounding clinico-pathological features, a proportion in the lowest quintile of MD appear biologically distinct, reflective of microenvironment differences between the lowest and highest quintiles of MD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dane Cheasley
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Lisa Devereux
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Lifepool, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Siobhan Hughes
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Carolyn Nickson
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Pietro Procopio
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Grant Lee
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Na Li
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | | | - Kenneth Elder
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- The Royal Melbourne and Royal Women’s Hospitals, Parkville, VIC Australia
- The Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - G. Bruce Mann
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- The Royal Melbourne and Royal Women’s Hospitals, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - Tanjina Kader
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Simone M. Rowley
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Stephen B. Fox
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - David Byrne
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Hugo Saunders
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Kenji M. Fujihara
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Belle Lim
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kylie L. Gorringe
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Cancer Genetics and Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Ian G. Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
McBride RB, Fei K, Rothstein JH, Alexeeff SE, Song X, Sakoda LC, McGuire V, Achacoso N, Acton L, Liang RY, Lipson JA, Yaffe MJ, Rubin DL, Whittemore AS, Habel LA, Sieh W. Alcohol and Tobacco Use in Relation to Mammographic Density in 23,456 Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1039-1048. [PMID: 32066618 PMCID: PMC7196522 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percent density (PD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer that is potentially modifiable by lifestyle factors. PD is a composite of the dense (DA) and nondense (NDA) areas of a mammogram, representing predominantly fibroglandular or fatty tissues, respectively. Alcohol and tobacco use have been associated with increased breast cancer risk. However, their effects on mammographic density (MD) phenotypes are poorly understood. METHODS We examined associations of alcohol and tobacco use with PD, DA, and NDA in a population-based cohort of 23,456 women screened using full-field digital mammography machines manufactured by Hologic or General Electric. MD was measured using Cumulus. Machine-specific effects were estimated using linear regression, and combined using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Alcohol use was positively associated with PD (P trend = 0.01), unassociated with DA (P trend = 0.23), and inversely associated with NDA (P trend = 0.02) adjusting for age, body mass index, reproductive factors, physical activity, and family history of breast cancer. In contrast, tobacco use was inversely associated with PD (P trend = 0.0008), unassociated with DA (P trend = 0.93), and positively associated with NDA (P trend<0.0001). These trends were stronger in normal and overweight women than in obese women. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that associations of alcohol and tobacco use with PD result more from their associations with NDA than DA. IMPACT PD and NDA may mediate the association of alcohol drinking, but not tobacco smoking, with increased breast cancer risk. Further studies are needed to elucidate the modifiable lifestyle factors that influence breast tissue composition, and the important role of the fatty tissues on breast health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell B McBride
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kezhen Fei
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Luana Acton
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Rhea Y Liang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jafi A Lipson
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Martin J Yaffe
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ma Z, Parris AB, Howard EW, Davis M, Cao X, Woods C, Yang X. In Utero Exposure to Bisphenol a Promotes Mammary Tumor Risk in MMTV-Erbb2 Transgenic Mice Through the Induction of ER-erbB2 Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093095. [PMID: 32353937 PMCID: PMC7247154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most common environmental endocrine disrupting chemical. Studies suggest a link between perinatal BPA exposure and increased breast cancer risk, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of in utero BPA exposure on mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-erbB2 transgenic mice. Pregnant mice were subcutaneously injected with BPA (0, 50, 500 ng/kg and 250 µg/kg BW) daily between gestational days 11–19. Female offspring were examined for mammary tumorigenesis, puberty onset, mammary morphogenesis, and signaling in ER and erbB2 pathways. In utero exposure to low dose BPA (500 ng/kg) induced mammary tumorigenesis, earlier puberty onset, increased terminal end buds, and prolonged estrus phase, which was accompanied by proliferative mammary morphogenesis. CD24/49f-based FACS analysis showed that in utero exposure to 500 ng/kg BPA induced expansion of luminal and basal/myoepithelial cell subpopulations at PND 35. Molecular analysis of mammary tissues at PND 70 showed that in utero exposure to low doses of BPA induced upregulation of ERα, p-ERα, cyclin D1, and c-myc, concurrent activation of erbB2, EGFR, erbB-3, Erk1/2, and Akt, and upregulation of growth factors/ligands. Our results demonstrate that in utero exposure to low dose BPA promotes mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-erbB2 mice through induction of ER-erbB2 crosstalk and mammary epithelial reprogramming, which advance our understanding of the mechanism associated with in utero exposure to BPA-induced breast cancer risk. The studies also support using MMTV-erbB2 mouse model for relevant studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Ma
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (Z.M.); (A.B.P.); (E.W.H.); (X.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Amanda B. Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (Z.M.); (A.B.P.); (E.W.H.); (X.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Erin W. Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (Z.M.); (A.B.P.); (E.W.H.); (X.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Meghan Davis
- Biotechnology, Rowan-Cabarrus Community College, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA;
| | - Xia Cao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (Z.M.); (A.B.P.); (E.W.H.); (X.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Courtney Woods
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (Z.M.); (A.B.P.); (E.W.H.); (X.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (Z.M.); (A.B.P.); (E.W.H.); (X.C.); (C.W.)
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-704-250-5726
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alexeeff SE, Odo NU, McBride R, McGuire V, Achacoso N, Rothstein JH, Lipson JA, Liang RY, Acton L, Yaffe MJ, Whittemore AS, Rubin DL, Sieh W, Habel LA. Reproductive Factors and Mammographic Density: Associations Among 24,840 Women and Comparison of Studies Using Digitized Film-Screen Mammography and Full-Field Digital Mammography. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1144-1154. [PMID: 30865217 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast density is a modifiable factor that is strongly associated with breast cancer risk. We sought to understand the influence of newer technologies of full-field digital mammography (FFDM) on breast density research and to determine whether results are comparable across studies using FFDM and previous studies using traditional film-screen mammography. We studied 24,840 screening-age (40-74 years) non-Hispanic white women who were participants in the Research Program on Genes, Environment and Health of Kaiser Permanente Northern California and underwent screening mammography with either Hologic (Hologic, Inc., Marlborough, Massachusetts) or General Electric (General Electric Company, Boston, Massachusetts) FFDM machines between 2003 and 2013. We estimated the associations of parity, age at first birth, age at menarche, and menopausal status with percent density and dense area as measured by a single radiological technologist using Cumulus software (Canto Software, Inc., San Francisco, California). We found that associations between reproductive factors and mammographic density measured using processed FFDM images were generally similar in magnitude and direction to those from prior studies using film mammography. Estimated associations for both types of FFDM machines were in the same direction. There was some evidence of heterogeneity in the magnitude of the effect sizes by machine type, which we accounted for using random-effects meta-analysis when combining results. Our findings demonstrate the robustness of quantitative mammographic density measurements across FFDM and film mammography platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | | | - Russell McBride
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jafi A Lipson
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Rhea Y Liang
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Luana Acton
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Martin J Yaffe
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma Z, Parris AB, Howard EW, Shi Y, Yang S, Jiang Y, Kong L, Yang X. Caloric restriction inhibits mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-ErbB2 transgenic mice through the suppression of ER and ErbB2 pathways and inhibition of epithelial cell stemness in premalignant mammary tissues. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:1264-1273. [PMID: 30107476 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric intake influences the onset of many diseases, including cancer. In particular, caloric restriction (CR) has been reported to suppress mammary tumorigenesis in various models. However, the underlying cancer preventive mechanisms have not been fully explored. To this end, we aimed to characterize the anticancer mechanisms of CR using MMTV-ErbB2 transgenic mice, a well-established spontaneous ErbB2-overexpressing mammary tumor model, by focusing on cellular and molecular changes in premalignant tissues. In MMTV-ErbB2 mice with 30% CR beginning at 8 weeks of age, mammary tumor development was dramatically inhibited, as exhibited by reduced tumor incidence and increased tumor latency. Morphogenic mammary gland analyses in 15- and 20-week-old mice indicated that CR significantly decreased mammary epithelial cell (MEC) density and proliferative index. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we analyzed the effects of CR on mammary stem/progenitor cells. Results from fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses showed that CR modified mammary tissue hierarchy dynamics, as evidenced by decreased luminal cells (CD24highCD49flow), putative mammary reconstituting unit subpopulation (CD24highCD49fhigh) and luminal progenitor cells (CD61highCD49fhigh). Mammosphere and colony-forming cell assays demonstrated that CR significantly inhibited mammary stem cell self-renewal and progenitor cell numbers. Molecular analyses indicated that CR concurrently inhibited estrogen receptor (ER) and ErbB2 signaling. These molecular changes were accompanied by decreased mRNA levels of ER-targeted genes and epidermal growth factor receptor/ErbB2 family members and ligands, suggesting ER-ErbB2 signaling cross-talk. Collectively, our data demonstrate that CR significantly impacts ER and ErbB2 signaling, which induces profound changes in MEC reprogramming, and mammary stem/progenitor cell inhibition is a critical mechanism of CR-mediated breast cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Ma
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Erin W Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Pathology, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shihe Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Yunbo Jiang
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lingfei Kong
- Department of Pathology, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Knight JA, Blackmore KM, Fan J, Malone KE, John EM, Lynch CF, Vachon CM, Bernstein L, Brooks JD, Reiner AS, Liang X, Woods M, Bernstein JL. The association of mammographic density with risk of contralateral breast cancer and change in density with treatment in the WECARE study. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:23. [PMID: 29566728 PMCID: PMC5863854 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mammographic density (MD) is an established predictor of risk of a first breast cancer, but the relationship of MD to contralateral breast cancer (CBC) risk is not clear, including the roles of age, mammogram timing, and change with treatment. Multivariable prediction models for CBC risk are needed and MD could contribute to these. Methods We conducted a case-control study of MD and CBC risk in phase II of the WECARE study where cases had a CBC diagnosed ≥ 2 years after first diagnosis at age <55 years and controls had unilateral breast cancer (UBC) with similar follow-up time. We retrieved film mammograms of the unaffected breast from two time points, prior to/at the time of the first diagnosis (253 CBC cases, 269 UBC controls) and ≥ 6 months up to 48 months following the first diagnosis (333 CBC cases, 377 UBC controls). Mammograms were digitized and percent MD (%MD) was measured using the thresholding program Cumulus. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association between %MD and CBC, adjusted for age, treatment, and other factors related to CBC, were estimated using logistic regression. Linear regression was used to estimate the association between treatment modality and change in %MD in 467 women with mammograms at both time points. Results For %MD assessed following diagnosis, there was a statistically significant trend of increasing CBC with increasing %MD (p = 0.03). Lower density (<25%) was associated with reduced risk of CBC compared to 25 to < 50% density (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.49, 0.98). Similar, but weaker, associations were noted for %MD measurements prior to/at diagnosis. The relationship appeared strongest in women aged < 45 years and non-existent in women aged 50 to 54 years. A decrease of ≥ 10% in %MD between first and second mammogram was associated marginally with reduced risk of CBC (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.40, 1.01) compared to change of <10%. Both tamoxifen and chemotherapy were associated with statistically significant 3% decreases in %MD (p < 0.01). Conclusions Post-diagnosis measures of %MD may be useful to include in CBC risk prediction models with consideration of age at diagnosis. Chemotherapy is associated with reductions in %MD, similar to tamoxifen. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-0948-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Knight
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street Box 18, Toronto, ON, M6P 2G3, Canada. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | | | - Jing Fan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street Box 18, Toronto, ON, M6P 2G3, Canada
| | | | - Esther M John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA.,Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Leslie Bernstein
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer D Brooks
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne S Reiner
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meghan Woods
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
McLean KE, Stone J. Role of breast density measurement in screening for breast cancer. Climacteric 2018; 21:214-220. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1424816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. E. McLean
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J. Stone
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao Q, Parris AB, Howard EW, Zhao M, Ma Z, Guo Z, Xing Y, Yang X. FGFR inhibitor, AZD4547, impedes the stemness of mammary epithelial cells in the premalignant tissues of MMTV-ErbB2 transgenic mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11306. [PMID: 28900173 PMCID: PMC5595825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulates signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. Currently, the anti-tumor properties of FGFR inhibitors are being tested in preclinical and clinical studies. Nevertheless, reports on FGFR inhibitor-mediated breast cancer prevention are sparse. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer benefits of AZD4547, an FGFR1-3 inhibitor, in ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer models. AZD4547 (1-5 µM) demonstrated potent anti-proliferative effects, inhibition of stemness, and suppression of FGFR/RTK signaling in ErbB2-overexpressing human breast cancer cells. To study the in vivo effects of AZD4547 on mammary development, mammary epithelial cell (MEC) populations, and oncogenic signaling, MMTV-ErbB2 transgenic mice were administered AZD4547 (2-6 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks during the 'risk window' for mammary tumor development. AZD4547 significantly inhibited ductal branching and MEC proliferation in vivo, which corroborated the in vitro anti-proliferative properties. AZD4547 also depleted CD24/CD49f-sorted MEC populations, as well as the CD61highCD49fhigh tumor-initiating cell-enriched population. Importantly, AZD4547 impaired stem cell-like characteristics in primary MECs and spontaneous tumor cells. Moreover, AZD4547 downregulated RTK, mTOR, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in premalignant mammary tissues. Collectively, our data provide critical preclinical evidence for AZD4547 as a potential breast cancer preventative and therapeutic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erin W Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ming Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,College of Medicine, Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Guo
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ying Xing
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA. .,College of Medicine, Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alexeeff SE, Odo NU, Lipson JA, Achacoso N, Rothstein JH, Yaffe MJ, Liang RY, Acton L, McGuire V, Whittemore AS, Rubin DL, Sieh W, Habel LA. Age at Menarche and Late Adolescent Adiposity Associated with Mammographic Density on Processed Digital Mammograms in 24,840 Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:1450-1458. [PMID: 28698185 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High mammographic density is strongly associated with increased breast cancer risk. Some, but not all, risk factors for breast cancer are also associated with higher mammographic density.Methods: The study cohort (N = 24,840) was drawn from the Research Program in Genes, Environment and Health of Kaiser Permanente Northern California and included non-Hispanic white females ages 40 to 74 years with a full-field digital mammogram (FFDM). Percent density (PD) and dense area (DA) were measured by a radiological technologist using Cumulus. The association of age at menarche and late adolescent body mass index (BMI) with PD and DA were modeled using linear regression adjusted for confounders.Results: Age at menarche and late adolescent BMI were negatively correlated. Age at menarche was positively associated with PD (P value for trend <0.0001) and DA (P value for trend <0.0001) in fully adjusted models. Compared with the reference category of ages 12 to 13 years at menarche, menarche at age >16 years was associated with an increase in PD of 1.47% (95% CI, 0.69-2.25) and an increase in DA of 1.59 cm2 (95% CI, 0.48-2.70). Late adolescent BMI was inversely associated with PD (P < 0.0001) and DA (P < 0.0001) in fully adjusted models.Conclusions: Age at menarche and late adolescent BMI are both associated with Cumulus measures of mammographic density on processed FFDM images.Impact: Age at menarche and late adolescent BMI may act through different pathways. The long-term effects of age at menarche on cancer risk may be mediated through factors besides mammographic density. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(9); 1450-8. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.
| | - Nnaemeka U Odo
- Data Mining & Analytics, Encounter Information Operations, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.,Optum360, United Health Group, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Jafi A Lipson
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Rhea Y Liang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Luana Acton
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Division of Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Division of Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.,Department of Health Research and Policy, Division of Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Parris AB, Zhao Q, Howard EW, Zhao M, Ma Z, Yang X. Buformin inhibits the stemness of erbB-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells and premalignant mammary tissues of MMTV-erbB-2 transgenic mice. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2017; 36:28. [PMID: 28193239 PMCID: PMC5307817 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin, an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of Type II diabetes, has emerged as a promising anti-cancer agent. Other biguanide analogs, including buformin and phenformin, are suggested to have similar properties. Although buformin was shown to reduce mammary tumor burden in carcinogen models, the anti-cancer effects of buformin on different breast cancer subtypes and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of buformin on erbB-2-overexpressing breast cancer with in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS MTT, cell cycle, clonogenic/CFC, ALDEFLUOR, tumorsphere, and Western blot analyses were used to determine the effects of buformin on cell growth, stem cell populations, stem cell-like properties, and signaling pathways in SKBR3 and BT474 erbB-2-overexpressing breast cancer cell lines. A syngeneic tumor cell transplantation model inoculating MMTV-erbB-2 mice with 78617 mouse mammary tumor cells was used to study the effects of buformin (1.2 g buformin/kg chow) on tumor growth in vivo. MMTV-erbB-2 mice were also fed buformin for 10 weeks, followed by analysis of premalignant mammary tissues for changes in morphological development, mammary epithelial cell (MEC) populations, and signaling pathways. RESULTS Buformin significantly inhibited SKBR3 and BT474 cell growth, and in vivo activity was demonstrated by considerable growth inhibition of syngeneic tumors derived from MMTV-erbB-2 mice. In particular, buformin suppressed stem cell populations and self-renewal in vitro, which was associated with inhibited receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and mTOR signaling. Consistent with in vitro data, buformin suppressed mammary morphogenesis and reduced cell proliferation in MMTV-erbB-2 mice. Importantly, buformin decreased MEC populations enriched with mammary reconstitution units (MRUs) and tumor-initiating cells (TICs) from MMTV-erbB-2 mice, as supported by impaired clonogenic and mammosphere formation in primary MECs. We further demonstrated that buformin-mediated in vivo inhibition of MEC stemness is associated with suppressed activation of mTOR, RTK, ER, and β-catenin signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results provide evidence for buformin as an effective anti-cancer drug that selectively targets TICs, and present a novel prevention and/or treatment strategy for patients who are genetically predisposed to erbB-2-overexpressing breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B. Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, NRI 4301, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081 USA
| | - Qingxia Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, NRI 4301, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081 USA
| | - Erin W. Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, NRI 4301, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081 USA
| | - Ming Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, NRI 4301, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081 USA
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, NRI 4301, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081 USA
- College of Medicine, Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, NRI 4301, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081 USA
- College of Medicine, Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ma Z, Parris AB, Xiao Z, Howard EW, Kosanke SD, Feng X, Yang X. Short-term early exposure to lapatinib confers lifelong protection from mammary tumor development in MMTV-erbB-2 transgenic mice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:6. [PMID: 28061785 PMCID: PMC5217213 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although chemopreventative agents targeting the estrogen/estrogen receptor (ER) pathway have been effective for ER+ breast cancers, prevention of hormone receptor-negative breast cancers, such as Her2/erbB-2+ breast cancers, remains a significant issue. Previous studies have demonstrated that administration of EGFR/erbB-2-targeting lapatinib to MMTV-erbB-2 transgenic mice inhibited mammary tumor development. The prevention, however, was achieved by prolonged high dose exposure. The tolerance to high dose/long-term drug administration may hinder its potential in clinical settings. Therefore, we aimed to test a novel, short-term chemopreventative strategy using lapatinib during the premalignant risk window in MMTV-erbB-2 mice. METHODS We initially treated cultured cells with lapatinib to explore the anti-proliferative effects of lapatinib in vitro. We used a syngeneic tumor graft model to begin exploring the in vivo anti-tumorigenic effects of lapatinib in MMTV-erbB-2 mice. Then, we tested the efficacy of brief exposure to lapatinib (100 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks), beginning at 16 weeks of age, in the prevention of mammary tumor development in MMTV-erbB-2 mice. RESULTS In the syngeneic tumor transplant model, we determined that lapatinib significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that short-term lapatinib exposure resulted in life-long protective effects, as supported by increased tumor latency in lapatinib-treated mice compared to the control mice. We further established that delayed tumor development in the treated mice was preceded by decreased BrdU nuclear incorporation and inhibited mammary morphogenesis. Molecular analysis indicated that lapatinib inhibited phosphorylation and expression of EGFR, erbB-3, erbB-2, Akt1, and Erk1/2 in premalignant mammary tissues. Also, lapatinib drastically inhibited the phosphorylation and expression of ERα and the transcription of ER target genes in premalignant mammary tissues. We also determined that lapatinib suppressed the stemness of breast cancer cell lines, as evidenced by decreased tumorsphere formation and ALDH+ cell populations. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data demonstrate that brief treatment with EGFR/erbB-2-targeting agents before the onset of tumors may provide lifelong protection from mammary tumors, through the concurrent inhibition of erbB-2 and ER signaling pathways and consequential reprogramming. Our findings support further clinical testing to explore the benefit of shorter lapatinib exposure in the prevention of erbB-2-mediated carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Ma
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, Room 4301, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, Room 4301, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Zhengzheng Xiao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, Room 4301, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Erin W Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, Room 4301, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Stanley D Kosanke
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Xiaoshan Feng
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 500 Laureate Way, Room 4301, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA. .,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jeffers AM, Sieh W, Lipson JA, Rothstein JH, McGuire V, Whittemore AS, Rubin DL. Breast Cancer Risk and Mammographic Density Assessed with Semiautomated and Fully Automated Methods and BI-RADS. Radiology 2016; 282:348-355. [PMID: 27598536 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2016152062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To compare three metrics of breast density on full-field digital mammographic (FFDM) images as predictors of future breast cancer risk. Materials and Methods This institutional review board-approved study included 125 women with invasive breast cancer and 274 age- and race-matched control subjects who underwent screening FFDM during 2004-2013 and provided informed consent. The percentage of density and dense area were assessed semiautomatically with software (Cumulus 4.0; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada), and volumetric percentage of density and dense volume were assessed automatically with software (Volpara; Volpara Solutions, Wellington, New Zealand). Clinical Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classifications of breast density were extracted from mammography reports. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by using conditional logistic regression stratified according to age and race and adjusted for body mass index, parity, and menopausal status, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was computed. Results The adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs for each standard deviation increment of the percentage of density, dense area, volumetric percentage of density, and dense volume were 1.61 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.19), 1.49 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.92), 1.54 (95% CI: 1.12, 2.10), and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.80), respectively. Odds ratios for women with extremely dense breasts compared with those with scattered areas of fibroglandular density were 2.06 (95% CI: 0.85, 4.97) and 2.05 (95% CI: 0.90, 4.64) for BI-RADS and Volpara density classifications, respectively. Clinical BI-RADS was more accurate (AUC, 0.68; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.74) than Volpara (AUC, 0.64; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.70) and continuous measures of percentage of density (AUC, 0.66; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.72), dense area (AUC, 0.66; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.72), volumetric percentage of density (AUC, 0.64; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.70), and density volume (AUC, 0.65; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.71), although the AUC differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion Mammographic density on FFDM images was positively associated with breast cancer risk by using the computer assisted methods and BI-RADS. BI-RADS classification was as accurate as computer-assisted methods for discrimination of patients from control subjects. © RSNA, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abra M Jeffers
- From the Departments of Management Science and Engineering (A.M.J.) and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; and Departments of Health Research and Policy (W.S., J.H.R., V.M., A.S.W.) and Radiology (J.A.L., D.L.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Rd, Office P285, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Weiva Sieh
- From the Departments of Management Science and Engineering (A.M.J.) and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; and Departments of Health Research and Policy (W.S., J.H.R., V.M., A.S.W.) and Radiology (J.A.L., D.L.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Rd, Office P285, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jafi A Lipson
- From the Departments of Management Science and Engineering (A.M.J.) and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; and Departments of Health Research and Policy (W.S., J.H.R., V.M., A.S.W.) and Radiology (J.A.L., D.L.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Rd, Office P285, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- From the Departments of Management Science and Engineering (A.M.J.) and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; and Departments of Health Research and Policy (W.S., J.H.R., V.M., A.S.W.) and Radiology (J.A.L., D.L.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Rd, Office P285, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Valerie McGuire
- From the Departments of Management Science and Engineering (A.M.J.) and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; and Departments of Health Research and Policy (W.S., J.H.R., V.M., A.S.W.) and Radiology (J.A.L., D.L.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Rd, Office P285, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- From the Departments of Management Science and Engineering (A.M.J.) and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; and Departments of Health Research and Policy (W.S., J.H.R., V.M., A.S.W.) and Radiology (J.A.L., D.L.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Rd, Office P285, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- From the Departments of Management Science and Engineering (A.M.J.) and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; and Departments of Health Research and Policy (W.S., J.H.R., V.M., A.S.W.) and Radiology (J.A.L., D.L.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Rd, Office P285, Stanford, CA 94305
| |
Collapse
|