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Goswami S, Adhikary S, Bhattacharya S, Agarwal R, Ganguly A, Nanda S, Rajak P. The alarming link between environmental microplastics and health hazards with special emphasis on cancer. Life Sci 2024:122937. [PMID: 39103046 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic contamination is a burgeoning environmental issue that poses serious threats to animal and human health. Microplastics enter the human body through nasal, dermal, and oral routes to contaminate multiple organs. Studies have advocated the existence of microplastics in human breast milk, sputum, faeces, and blood. Microplastics can find their ways to the sub-cellular moiety via active and passive approaches. At cellular level, microplastics follow clathrin and caveolae-dependent pathways to invade the sub-cellular environment. These environmental contaminants modulate the epigenetic control of gene expression, status of inflammatory mediators, redox homeostasis, cell-cycle proteins, and mimic the endocrine mediators like estrogen and androgen to fuel carcinogenesis. Furthermore, epidemiological studies have suggested potential links between the exposure to microplastics and the onset of chronic diseases. Microplastics trigger uncontrolled cell proliferation and ensuing tissue growth leading to various cancers affecting the lungs, blood, breasts, prostate, and ovaries. Additionally, such contamination can potentially affect sub-cellular signaling and injure multiple organs. In essence, numerous reports have claimed microplastic-induced toxicity and tumorigenesis in human and model animals. Nonetheless, the underlying molecular mechanism is still elusive and warrants further investigations. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of microplastics, covering their sources, chemistry, human exposure routes, toxicity, and carcinogenic potential at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Goswami
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Satadal Adhikary
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, A.B.N. Seal College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Ruchika Agarwal
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhratanu Ganguly
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayantani Nanda
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Prem Rajak
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Mojica E, Kültz D. A Strategy to Characterize the Global Landscape of Histone Post-Translational Modifications Within Tissues of Nonmodel Organisms. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:2780-2794. [PMID: 37624673 PMCID: PMC11301685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are epigenetic marks that play a critical role in the expression and maintenance of DNA, but they remain largely uninvestigated in nonmodel organisms due to technical challenges. To begin alleviating this issue, we developed a workflow for histone PTM analysis in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), being a widespread and environmentally hardy fish, using mass spectrometry methods. By incorporating multiple protein digestion methods into the preparation of each sample, we reliably quantified 214 biologically relevant histone PTMs. All of these histone PTMs, collectively referred to as the global histone PTM landscape, were characterized in the gills, kidney, and testes of this fish. By comparing the global histone PTM landscape between the three tissues, we found that 91.59% of histone PTMs were tissue-dependent. The workflow and tools for histone PTM analysis described in this study are now publicly available and enable comprehensive investigation into the influence of environmental stress on histone PTMs in nonmodel organisms. Given the functionality and flexibility of histone PTMs, we anticipate that the study of histone PTMs in ecologically relevant contexts will provide ground-breaking insights into comparative physiology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth
A. Mojica
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of California - Davis, One Shields Avenue, Meyer Hall, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dietmar Kültz
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of California - Davis, One Shields Avenue, Meyer Hall, Davis, California 95616, United States
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3
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Liang W, Xu F, Li L, Peng C, Sun H, Qiu J, Sun J. Epigenetic control of skeletal muscle atrophy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:99. [PMID: 38978023 PMCID: PMC11229277 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscular atrophy is a complex disease involving a large number of gene expression regulatory networks and various biological processes. Despite extensive research on this topic, its underlying mechanisms remain elusive, and effective therapeutic approaches are yet to be established. Recent studies have shown that epigenetics play an important role in regulating skeletal muscle atrophy, influencing the expression of numerous genes associated with this condition through the addition or removal of certain chemical modifications at the molecular level. This review article comprehensively summarizes the different types of modifications to DNA, histones, RNA, and their known regulators. We also discuss how epigenetic modifications change during the process of skeletal muscle atrophy, the molecular mechanisms by which epigenetic regulatory proteins control skeletal muscle atrophy, and assess their translational potential. The role of epigenetics on muscle stem cells is also highlighted. In addition, we propose that alternative splicing interacts with epigenetic mechanisms to regulate skeletal muscle mass, offering a novel perspective that enhances our understanding of epigenetic inheritance's role and the regulatory network governing skeletal muscle atrophy. Collectively, advancements in the understanding of epigenetic mechanisms provide invaluable insights into the study of skeletal muscle atrophy. Moreover, this knowledge paves the way for identifying new avenues for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies and pharmaceutical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 26001, China
- Department of Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People's Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Li Li
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chunlei Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 26001, China
| | - Jiaying Qiu
- Department of Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Junjie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 26001, China.
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Smies CW, Bellfy L, Wright DS, Bennetts SG, Urban MW, Brunswick CA, Shu G, Kwapis JL. Pharmacological HDAC3 inhibition alters memory updating in young and old male mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1429880. [PMID: 38989157 PMCID: PMC11234845 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1429880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term memories are not stored in a stable state but must be flexible and dynamic to maintain relevance in response to new information. Existing memories are thought to be updated through the process of reconsolidation, in which memory retrieval initiates destabilization and updating to incorporate new information. Memory updating is impaired in old age, yet little is known about the mechanisms that go awry. One potential mechanism is the repressive histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), which is a powerful negative regulator of memory formation that contributes to age-related impairments in memory formation. Here, we tested whether HDAC3 also contributes to age-related impairments in memory updating using the Objects in Updated Locations (OUL) paradigm. We show that blocking HDAC3 immediately after updating with the pharmacological inhibitor RGFP966 ameliorated age-related impairments in memory updating in 18-m.o. male mice. Surprisingly, we found that post-update HDAC3 inhibition in young (3-m.o.) male mice had no effect on memory updating but instead impaired memory for the original information, suggesting that the original and updated information may compete for expression at test and HDAC3 helps regulate which information is expressed. To test this idea, we next assessed whether HDAC3 inhibition would improve memory updating in young male mice given a weak, subthreshold update. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that HDAC3 blockade strengthened the subthreshold update without impairing memory for the original information, enabling balanced expression of the original and updated information. Together, this research suggests that HDAC3 may contribute to age-related impairments in memory updating and may regulate the strength of a memory update in young mice, shifting the balance between the original and updated information at test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad W. Smies
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Lauren Bellfy
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Destiny S. Wright
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Sofia G. Bennetts
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Mark W. Urban
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Chad A. Brunswick
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Guanhua Shu
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Janine L. Kwapis
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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Lisek M, Tomczak J, Swiatek J, Kaluza A, Boczek T. Histone Deacetylases in Retinoblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6910. [PMID: 39000021 PMCID: PMC11241206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma, a pediatric ocular malignancy, presents significant challenges in comprehending its molecular underpinnings and targeted therapeutic approaches. The dysregulated activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs) has been associated with retinoblastoma pathogenesis, influencing critical cellular processes like cell cycle regulation or retinal ganglion cell apoptosis. Through their deacetylase activity, HDACs exert control over key tumor suppressors and oncogenes, influencing the delicate equilibrium between proliferation and cell death. Furthermore, the interplay between HDACs and the retinoblastoma protein pathway, a pivotal aspect of retinoblastoma etiology, reveals a complex network of interactions influencing the tumor microenvironment. The examination of HDAC inhibitors, encompassing both established and novel compounds, offers insights into potential approaches to restore acetylation balance and impede retinoblastoma progression. Moreover, the identification of specific HDAC isoforms exhibiting varying expression in retinoblastoma provides avenues for personalized therapeutic strategies, allowing for interventions tailored to individual patient profiles. This review focuses on the intricate interrelationship between HDACs and retinoblastoma, shedding light on epigenetic mechanisms that control tumor development and progression. The exploration of HDAC-targeted therapies underscores the potential for innovative treatment modalities in the pursuit of more efficacious and personalized management strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Lisek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (J.T.); (J.S.); (A.K.)
| | | | | | | | - Tomasz Boczek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (J.T.); (J.S.); (A.K.)
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6
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Smies CW, Bellfy L, Wright DS, Bennetts SS, Urban MW, Brunswick CA, Shu G, Kwapis JL. Pharmacological HDAC3 inhibition alters memory updating in young and old mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.08.593015. [PMID: 38766057 PMCID: PMC11100699 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.08.593015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Long-term memories are not stored in a stable state but must be flexible and dynamic to maintain relevance in response to new information. Existing memories are thought to be updated through the process of reconsolidation, in which memory retrieval initiates destabilization and updating to incorporate new information. Memory updating is impaired in old age, yet little is known about the mechanisms that go awry. One potential mechanism is the repressive histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), which is a powerful negative regulator of memory formation that contributes to age-related impairments in memory formation. Here, we tested whether HDAC3 also contributes to age-related impairments in memory updating using the Objects in Updated Locations (OUL) paradigm. We show that blocking HDAC3 immediately after updating with the pharmacological inhibitor RGFP966 ameliorated age-related impairments in memory updating in 18-m.o. mice. Surprisingly, we found that post-update HDAC3 inhibition in young (3-m.o.) mice had no effect on memory updating but instead impaired memory for the original information, suggesting that the original and updated information may compete for expression at test and HDAC3 helps regulate which information is expressed. To test this idea, we next assessed whether HDAC3 inhibition would improve memory updating in young mice given a weak, subthreshold update. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that HDAC3 blockade strengthened the subthreshold update without impairing memory for the original information, enabling balanced expression of the original and updated information. Together, this research suggests that HDAC3 may contribute to age-related impairments in memory updating and may regulate the strength of a memory update in young mice, shifting the balance between the original and updated information at test.
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7
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Strachowska M, Robaszkiewicz A. Characteristics of anticancer activity of CBP/p300 inhibitors - Features of their classes, intracellular targets and future perspectives of their application in cancer treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108636. [PMID: 38521246 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Due to the contribution of highly homologous acetyltransferases CBP and p300 to transcription elevation of oncogenes and other cancer promoting factors, these enzymes emerge as possible epigenetic targets of anticancer therapy. Extensive efforts in search for small molecule inhibitors led to development of compounds targeting histone acetyltransferase catalytic domain or chromatin-interacting bromodomain of CBP/p300, as well as dual BET and CBP/p300 inhibitors. The promising anticancer efficacy in in vitro and mice models led CCS1477 and NEO2734 to clinical trials. However, none of the described inhibitors is perfectly specific to CBP/p300 since they share similarity of a key functional domains with other enzymes, which are critically associated with cancer progression and their antagonists demonstrate remarkable clinical efficacy in cancer therapy. Therefore, we revise the possible and clinically relevant off-targets of CBP/p300 inhibitors that can be blocked simultaneously with CBP/p300 thereby improving the anticancer potential of CBP/p300 inhibitors and pharmacokinetic predicting data such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Strachowska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; University of Lodz, Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Banacha 12 /16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute of Fundamental and Basic Research, 600 5(th) Street South, Saint Petersburg FL33701, United States of America.
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Ocaña-Paredes B, Rivera-Orellana S, Ramírez-Sánchez D, Montalvo-Guerrero J, Freire MP, Espinoza-Ferrao S, Altamirano-Colina A, Echeverría-Espinoza P, Ramos-Medina MJ, Echeverría-Garcés G, Granda-Moncayo D, Jácome-Alvarado A, Andrade MG, López-Cortés A. The pharmacoepigenetic paradigm in cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1381168. [PMID: 38720770 PMCID: PMC11076712 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1381168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, characterized by changes in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence, play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer by significantly influencing gene activity and cellular function. This insight has led to the development of a novel class of therapeutic agents, known as epigenetic drugs. These drugs, including histone deacetylase inhibitors, histone acetyltransferase inhibitors, histone methyltransferase inhibitors, and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, aim to modulate gene expression to curb cancer growth by uniquely altering the epigenetic landscape of cancer cells. Ongoing research and clinical trials are rigorously evaluating the efficacy of these drugs, particularly their ability to improve therapeutic outcomes when used in combination with other treatments. Such combination therapies may more effectively target cancer and potentially overcome the challenge of drug resistance, a significant hurdle in cancer therapy. Additionally, the importance of nutrition, inflammation control, and circadian rhythm regulation in modulating drug responses has been increasingly recognized, highlighting their role as critical modifiers of the epigenetic landscape and thereby influencing the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions and patient outcomes. Epigenetic drugs represent a paradigm shift in cancer treatment, offering targeted therapies that promise a more precise approach to treating a wide spectrum of tumors, potentially with fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy. This progress marks a step towards more personalized and precise interventions, leveraging the unique epigenetic profiles of individual tumors to optimize treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Ocaña-Paredes
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - David Ramírez-Sánchez
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - María Paula Freire
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - María José Ramos-Medina
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Echeverría-Garcés
- Centro de Referencia Nacional de Genómica, Secuenciación y Bioinformática, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública “Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez”, Quito, Ecuador
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Andrea Jácome-Alvarado
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - María Gabriela Andrade
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrés López-Cortés
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
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Soliman SHA, Iwanaszko M, Zheng B, Gold S, Howard BC, Das M, Chakrabarty RP, Chandel NS, Shilatifard A. Transcriptional elongation control of hypoxic response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321502121. [PMID: 38564636 PMCID: PMC11009653 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321502121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The release of paused RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) from promoter-proximal regions is tightly controlled to ensure proper regulation of gene expression. The elongation factor PTEF-b is known to release paused RNAPII via phosphorylation of the RNAPII C-terminal domain by its cyclin-dependent kinase component, CDK9. However, the signal and stress-specific roles of the various RNAPII-associated macromolecular complexes containing PTEF-b/CDK9 are not yet clear. Here, we identify and characterize the CDK9 complex required for transcriptional response to hypoxia. Contrary to previous reports, our data indicate that a CDK9 complex containing BRD4 but not AFF1/4 is essential for this hypoxic stress response. We demonstrate that BRD4 bromodomains (BET) are dispensable for the release of paused RNAPII at hypoxia-activated genes and that BET inhibition by JQ1 is insufficient to impair hypoxic gene response. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the C-terminal region of BRD4 is required for Polymerase-Associated Factor-1 Complex (PAF1C) recruitment to establish an elongation-competent RNAPII complex at hypoxia-responsive genes. PAF1C disruption using a small-molecule inhibitor (iPAF1C) impairs hypoxia-induced, BRD4-mediated RNAPII release. Together, our results provide insight into potentially targetable mechanisms that control the hypoxia-responsive transcriptional elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Hassan AbdelAziz Soliman
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Marta Iwanaszko
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Bin Zheng
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Sarah Gold
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Benjamin Charles Howard
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Madhurima Das
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Ram Prosad Chakrabarty
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Ali Shilatifard
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
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Potaczek DP, Bazan-Socha S, Wypasek E, Wygrecka M, Garn H. Recent Developments in the Role of Histone Acetylation in Asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:641-651. [PMID: 38522416 DOI: 10.1159/000536460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications are known to mediate both beneficial and unfavorable effects of environmental exposures on the development and clinical course of asthma. On the molecular level, epigenetic mechanisms participate in multiple aspects of the emerging and ongoing asthma pathology. SUMMARY Studies performed in the last several years expand our knowledge on the role of histone acetylation, a classical epigenetic mark, in the regulation of (patho)physiological processes of diverse cells playing a central role in asthma, including those belonging to the immune system (e.g., CD4+ T cells, macrophages) and lung structure (e.g., airway epithelial cells, pulmonary fibroblasts). Those studies demonstrate a number of specific histone acetylation-associated mechanisms and pathways underlying pathological processes characteristic for asthma, as well as report their modification modalities. KEY MESSAGES Dietary modulation of histone acetylation levels in the immune system might protect against the development of asthma and other allergies. Interfering with the enzymes controlling the histone acetylation status of structural lung and (local) immune cells might provide future therapeutic options for asthmatics. Despite some methodological obstacles, analysis of the histone acetylation levels might improve asthma diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Potaczek
- Translational Inflammation Research Division and Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Marburg, Germany
- Center for Infection and Genomics of the Lung (CIGL), Member of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- Bioscientia MVZ Labor Mittelhessen GmbH, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stanisława Bazan-Socha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Wypasek
- Krakow Center for Medical Research and Technology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wygrecka
- Center for Infection and Genomics of the Lung (CIGL), Member of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Lung Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- CSL Behring Innovation GmbH, Marburg, Germany
| | - Holger Garn
- Translational Inflammation Research Division and Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Marburg, Germany
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11
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Dash SR, Das C, Das B, Jena AB, Paul S, Sinha S, Tripathy J, Kundu CN. Near infrared-responsive quinacrine-gold hybrid nanoparticles deregulate HSP-70/P300-mediated H3K14 acetylation in ER/PR+ breast cancer stem cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:581-596. [PMID: 38293827 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine if quinacrine-gold hybrid nanoparticles (QAuNPs) + near-infrared (NIR) deregulate HSP-70/P300 complex-mediated H3K14 acetylation in estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR+) breast cancer stem cells (CSCs). Materials & methods: Various cells and mouse-based systems were used as models. Results: QAuNP + NIR treatment reduced the nuclear translocation of HSP-70, affected the histone acetyltransferase activity of P300 and specifically decreased H3K14 acetylation in ER/PR+ breast CSCs. Finally, HSP-70 knockdown showed a reduction in P300 histone acetyltransferase activity, decreased H3K14 acetylation and inhibited activation of the TGF-β gene. Conclusion: This study revealed that QAuNP + NIR irradiation inhibits oncogenic activation of the TGF-β gene by decreasing H3K14 acetylation mediated through the HSP-70/P300 nuclear complex in ER/PR+ breast CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somya Ranjan Dash
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Chinmay Das
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Biswajit Das
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Atala Bihari Jena
- National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Subarno Paul
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Saptarshi Sinha
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Jasaswini Tripathy
- School of Applied Sciences (Chemistry), Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
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12
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Wang N, Su X, Sams D, Prabhakar NR, Nanduri J. P300/CBP Regulates HIF-1-Dependent Sympathetic Activation and Hypertension by Intermittent Hypoxia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:110-118. [PMID: 37874694 PMCID: PMC10848695 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0481oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a widespread breathing disorder, leads to intermittent hypoxia (IH). Patients with OSA and IH-treated rodents exhibit heightened sympathetic nerve activity and hypertension. Previous studies reported transcriptional activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Nox) by HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) contribute to autonomic dysfunction in IH-treated rodents. Lysine acetylation, regulated by KATs (lysine acetyltransferases) and KDACs (lysine deacetylases), activates gene transcription and plays an important role in several physiological and pathological processes. This study tested the hypothesis that acetylation of HIF-1α by p300/CBP (CREB-binding protein) (KAT) activates Nox transcription, leading to sympathetic activation and hypertension. Experiments were performed on pheochromocytoma-12 cells and rats treated with IH. IH increased KAT activity, p300/CBP protein, HIF-1α lysine acetylation, HIF-1 transcription, and HIF-1 binding to the Nox4 gene promoter in pheochromocytoma-12 cells, and these responses were blocked by CTK7A, a selective p300/CBP inhibitor. Plasma norepinephrine (index of sympathetic activation) and blood pressures were elevated in IH-treated rats. These responses were associated with elevated p300/CBP protein, HIF-1α stabilization, transcriptional activation of Nox2 and Nox4 genes, and reactive oxygen species, and all these responses were absent in CTK7A-treated IH rats. These findings suggest lysine acetylation of HIF-1α by p300/CBP is an important contributor to sympathetic excitation and hypertension by IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xiaoyu Su
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David Sams
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nanduri R Prabhakar
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jayasri Nanduri
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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13
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Neja S, Dashwood WM, Dashwood RH, Rajendran P. Histone Acyl Code in Precision Oncology: Mechanistic Insights from Dietary and Metabolic Factors. Nutrients 2024; 16:396. [PMID: 38337680 PMCID: PMC10857208 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer etiology involves complex interactions between genetic and non-genetic factors, with epigenetic mechanisms serving as key regulators at multiple stages of pathogenesis. Poor dietary habits contribute to cancer predisposition by impacting DNA methylation patterns, non-coding RNA expression, and histone epigenetic landscapes. Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), including acyl marks, act as a molecular code and play a crucial role in translating changes in cellular metabolism into enduring patterns of gene expression. As cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support rapid growth and proliferation, nuanced roles have emerged for dietary- and metabolism-derived histone acylation changes in cancer progression. Specific types and mechanisms of histone acylation, beyond the standard acetylation marks, shed light on how dietary metabolites reshape the gut microbiome, influencing the dynamics of histone acyl repertoires. Given the reversible nature of histone PTMs, the corresponding acyl readers, writers, and erasers are discussed in this review in the context of cancer prevention and treatment. The evolving 'acyl code' provides for improved biomarker assessment and clinical validation in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Neja
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.N.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Wan Mohaiza Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.N.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Roderick H. Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.N.); (W.M.D.)
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Praveen Rajendran
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.N.); (W.M.D.)
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Antibody & Biopharmaceuticals Core, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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14
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Verdikt R, Thienpont B. Epigenetic remodelling under hypoxia. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:1-10. [PMID: 38029868 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is intrinsic to tumours and contributes to malignancy and metastasis while hindering the efficiency of existing treatments. Epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in the regulation of hypoxic cancer cell programs, both in the initial phases of sensing the decrease in oxygen levels and during adaptation to chronic lack of oxygen. During the latter, the epigenetic regulation of tumour biology intersects with hypoxia-sensitive transcription factors in a complex network of gene regulation that also involves metabolic reprogramming. Here, we review the current literature on the epigenetic control of gene programs in hypoxic cancer cells. We highlight common themes and features of such epigenetic remodelling and discuss their relevance for the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Verdikt
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernard Thienpont
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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15
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Xu J, Li C, Kang X. The epigenetic regulatory effect of histone acetylation and deacetylation on skeletal muscle metabolism-a review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1267456. [PMID: 38148899 PMCID: PMC10749939 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1267456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles, the largest organ responsible for energy metabolism in most mammals, play a vital role in maintaining the body's homeostasis. Epigenetic modification, specifically histone acetylation, serves as a crucial regulatory mechanism influencing the physiological processes and metabolic patterns within skeletal muscle metabolism. The intricate process of histone acetylation modification involves coordinated control of histone acetyltransferase and deacetylase levels, dynamically modulating histone acetylation levels, and precisely regulating the expression of genes associated with skeletal muscle metabolism. Consequently, this comprehensive review aims to elucidate the epigenetic regulatory impact of histone acetylation modification on skeletal muscle metabolism, providing invaluable insights into the intricate molecular mechanisms governing epigenetic modifications in skeletal muscle metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaolong Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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16
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Ahuja P, Yadav R, Goyal S, Yadav C, Ranga S, Kadian L. Targeting epigenetic deregulations for the management of esophageal carcinoma: recent advances and emerging approaches. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2437-2465. [PMID: 37338772 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Ranking from seventh in incidence to sixth in mortality, esophageal carcinoma is considered a severe malignancy of food pipe. Later-stage diagnosis, drug resistance, and a high mortality rate contribute to its lethality. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma are the two main histological subtypes of esophageal carcinoma, with squamous cell carcinoma alone accounting for more than eighty percent of its cases. While genetic anomalies are well known in esophageal cancer, accountability of epigenetic deregulations is also being explored for the recent two decades. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and functional non-coding RNAs are the crucial epigenetic players involved in the modulation of different malignancies, including esophageal carcinoma. Targeting these epigenetic aberrations will provide new insights into the development of biomarker tools for risk stratification, early diagnosis, and effective therapeutic intervention. This review discusses different epigenetic alterations, emphasizing the most significant developments in esophageal cancer epigenetics and their potential implication for the detection, prognosis, and treatment of esophageal carcinoma. Further, the preclinical and clinical status of various epigenetic drugs has also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Ahuja
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India.
| | - Sandeep Goyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D, Sharma University of Health Sciences, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Chetna Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Shalu Ranga
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, (Haryana), Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Lokesh Kadian
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
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17
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Jang S, Kim US, Lee S, Kim E, Jung HS, Shin SJ, Kang S, Chang I, Kim S. Biological Function and Potential Applications of Garcinol in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Endod 2023; 49:1652-1659. [PMID: 37657731 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The regeneration of pulp tissue is crucial for true regenerative endodontic treatment, which requires a reduction in osteogenic differentiation. Garcinol, a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, is a natural regulator that is known to suppress the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. In this study, the inhibitory effect of garcinol on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) was evaluated using three-dimensional culture under in vitro and in vivo conditions. METHODS hDPSCs were obtained from caries-free third molars and cultured with 10 μM garcinol for 7 days in an ultra-low attachment plate. The cell stemness and expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes were analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and single-cell analysis. A transplantation experiment was performed in mice to investigate whether garcinol-treated hDPSCs showed restrained osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS hDPSCs cultured in the U-shaped ultra-low attachment plate showed the highest expression of stemness-related genes. Garcinol-treated hDPSCs demonstrated downregulation of osteogenic differentiation, with lower expression of bone sialoprotein, which is related to bone formation, and higher expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein, which is related to dentin formation. However, the garcinol-treated hDPSCs did not show any alterations in their stemness. Consistent results were observed in the transplantation experiment in mice. CONCLUSIONS Garcinol reduced the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs, which can contribute to true regenerative endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmi Jang
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Uk-Seong Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sukjoon Lee
- Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Euiseong Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Jung Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumi Kang
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Insoon Chang
- Section of Endodontics, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Science, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sunil Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.
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18
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Wallace L, Obeng EA. Noncoding rules of survival: epigenetic regulation of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1273046. [PMID: 38028538 PMCID: PMC10644717 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1273046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is an essential process for organismal development and homeostasis. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is critical for stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in normal hematopoiesis. Increasing evidence shows that disrupting the balance between self-renewal and cell fate decisions can give rise to hematological diseases such as bone marrow failure and leukemia. Consequently, next-generation sequencing studies have identified various aberrations in histone modifications, DNA methylation, RNA splicing, and RNA modifications in hematologic diseases. Favorable outcomes after targeting epigenetic regulators during disease states have further emphasized their importance in hematological malignancy. However, these targeted therapies are only effective in some patients, suggesting that further research is needed to decipher the complexity of epigenetic regulation during hematopoiesis. In this review, an update on the impact of the epigenome on normal hematopoiesis, disease initiation and progression, and current therapeutic advancements will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esther A. Obeng
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
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19
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Szczepanek J, Tretyn A. MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Histone-Modifying Enzymes in Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1590. [PMID: 38002272 PMCID: PMC10669115 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, significant advances in molecular research have provided a deeper understanding of the intricate regulatory mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs, short non-coding RNA sequences, exert substantial influence on gene expression by repressing translation or inducing mRNA degradation. In the context of cancer, miRNA dysregulation is prevalent and closely associated with various stages of carcinogenesis, including initiation, progression, and metastasis. One crucial aspect of the cancer phenotype is the activity of histone-modifying enzymes that govern chromatin accessibility for transcription factors, thus impacting gene expression. Recent studies have revealed that miRNAs play a significant role in modulating these histone-modifying enzymes, leading to significant implications for genes related to proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells. This article provides an overview of current research on the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate the activity of histone-modifying enzymes in the context of cancer. Both direct and indirect mechanisms through which miRNAs influence enzyme expression are discussed. Additionally, potential therapeutic implications arising from miRNA manipulation to selectively impact histone-modifying enzyme activity are presented. The insights from this analysis hold significant therapeutic promise, suggesting the utility of miRNAs as tools for the precise regulation of chromatin-related processes and gene expression. A contemporary focus on molecular regulatory mechanisms opens therapeutic pathways that can effectively influence the control of tumor cell growth and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczepanek
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tretyn
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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20
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Miziak P, Baran M, Błaszczak E, Przybyszewska-Podstawka A, Kałafut J, Smok-Kalwat J, Dmoszyńska-Graniczka M, Kiełbus M, Stepulak A. Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4689. [PMID: 37835383 PMCID: PMC10572081 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER) signaling is a critical regulator of cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in breast cancer (BC) and other hormone-sensitive cancers. In this review, we explore the mechanism of ER-dependent downstream signaling in BC and the role of estrogens as growth factors necessary for cancer invasion and dissemination. The significance of the clinical implications of ER signaling in BC, including the potential of endocrine therapies that target estrogens' synthesis and ER-dependent signal transmission, such as aromatase inhibitors or selective estrogen receptor modulators, is discussed. As a consequence, the challenges associated with the resistance to these therapies resulting from acquired ER mutations and potential strategies to overcome them are the critical point for the new treatment strategies' development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Miziak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (E.B.); (A.P.-P.); (J.K.); (M.D.-G.)
| | - Marzena Baran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (E.B.); (A.P.-P.); (J.K.); (M.D.-G.)
| | - Ewa Błaszczak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (E.B.); (A.P.-P.); (J.K.); (M.D.-G.)
| | - Alicja Przybyszewska-Podstawka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (E.B.); (A.P.-P.); (J.K.); (M.D.-G.)
| | - Joanna Kałafut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (E.B.); (A.P.-P.); (J.K.); (M.D.-G.)
| | - Jolanta Smok-Kalwat
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 3 Artwinskiego Street, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Dmoszyńska-Graniczka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (E.B.); (A.P.-P.); (J.K.); (M.D.-G.)
| | - Michał Kiełbus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (E.B.); (A.P.-P.); (J.K.); (M.D.-G.)
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (E.B.); (A.P.-P.); (J.K.); (M.D.-G.)
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21
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Abdelaziz N, Therachiyil L, Sadida HQ, Ali AM, Khan OS, Singh M, Khan AQ, Akil ASAS, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Epigenetic inhibitors and their role in cancer therapy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 380:211-251. [PMID: 37657859 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications to DNA are crucial for normal cellular and biological functioning. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling are the most common epigenetic mechanisms. These changes are heritable but still reversible. The aberrant epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-mediated gene regulation, play an essential role in developing various human diseases, including cancer. Recent studies show that synthetic and dietary epigenetic inhibitors attenuate the abnormal epigenetic modifications in cancer cells and therefore have strong potential for cancer treatment. In this chapter, we have highlighted various types of epigenetic modifications, their mechanism, and as drug targets for epigenetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Abdelaziz
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Omar S Khan
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), BRAIRCH All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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22
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Lu Y, Yang Y, Zhu G, Zeng H, Fan Y, Guo F, Xu D, Wang B, Chen D, Ge G. Emerging Pharmacotherapeutic Strategies to Overcome Undruggable Proteins in Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3360-3382. [PMID: 37496997 PMCID: PMC10367563 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies in cancer treatment can improve in vivo efficacy and reduce adverse effects by altering the tissue exposure of specific biomolecules. However, there are still large number of target proteins in cancer are still undruggable, owing to the following factors including (1) lack of ligand-binding pockets, (2) function based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs), (3) the highly specific conserved active sites among protein family members, and (4) the variability of tertiary docking structures. The current status of undruggable targets proteins such as KRAS, TP53, C-MYC, PTP, are carefully introduced in this review. Some novel techniques and drug designing strategies have been applicated for overcoming these undruggable proteins, and the most classic and well-known technology is proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs). In this review, the novel drug development strategies including targeting protein degradation, targeting PPI, targeting intrinsically disordered regions, as well as targeting protein-DNA binding are described, and we also discuss the potential of these strategies for overcoming the undruggable targets. Besides, intelligence-assisted technologies like Alpha-Fold help us a lot to predict the protein structure, which is beneficial for drug development. The discovery of new targets and the development of drugs targeting them, especially those undruggable targets, remain a huge challenge. New drug development strategies, better extraction processes that do not disrupt protein-protein interactions, and more precise artificial intelligence technologies may provide significant assistance in overcoming these undruggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lu
- Dalian Medical University, 116044 Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuewen Yang
- Dalian Medical University, 116044 Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guanghao Zhu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai City, China
| | - Hairong Zeng
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai City, China
| | - Yiming Fan
- Dalian Harmony Medical Testing Laboratory Co., Ltd, 116620 Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fujia Guo
- Dalian Medical University, 116044 Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dongshu Xu
- Dalian Medical University, 116044 Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Boya Wang
- Dalian Medical University, 116044 Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Dalian Medical University, 116044 Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai City, China
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23
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Hu K, Ding Y, Zhu H, Jing X, He W, Yu H, Wang X. Glutamate dehydrogenase1 supports HIF-1α stability to promote colorectal tumorigenesis under hypoxia. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112675. [PMID: 37092319 PMCID: PMC10267683 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells surviving hypoxic stress acquire the ability to drive cancer progression. To explore the contribution of dehydrogenases to the low oxygen concentration response, we used siRNAs targeting 163 dehydrogenase-coding genes and discovered that glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GDH1) plays a critical role in regulating colorectal cancer (CRC) cell survival under hypoxia. We observed that GDH1 deficiency had an inhibitory effect on CRC occurrence and impaired hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) stability even under hypoxia. Mechanistically, hypoxia triggered p300 recruitment to GDH1, promoting its acetylation at K503 and K527. GDH1 acetylation at K527 induced the formation of a GDH1 complex with EGLN1/HIF-1α; in contrast, GDH1 acetylation at K503 reinforced its affinity for α-ketoglutarate (αKG), and glutamate production. In line with this view, αKG is a product of GDH1 under normoxia, but hypoxia stimulation reversed GDH1 enzyme activity and αKG consumption by the EGLN1/HIF-1α complex, increasing HIF-1α stability and promoting CRC progression. Clinically, hypoxia-modulated GDH1 AcK503/527 can be used as a biomarker of CRC progression and is a potential target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhua Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease ResearchThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yufeng Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Precise Genome Engineering CenterGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hongwen Zhu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoqian Jing
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Weiling He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hua Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Precise Genome Engineering CenterGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiongjun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Precise Genome Engineering CenterGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Mehmood SA, Sahu KK, Sengupta S, Partap S, Karpoormath R, Kumar B, Kumar D. Recent advancement of HDAC inhibitors against breast cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:201. [PMID: 37294406 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the great potential impact of HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) in suppressing TNBC, even though clinical trials including a single HDACis demonstrated unsatisfactory outcomes against TNBC. New compounds created to achieve isoform selectivity and/or a polypharmacological HDAC strategy have also produced interesting results. The current study discusses the HDACis pharmacophoric models and the structural alterations that produced drugs with strong inhibitory effects on TNBC progression. With more than 2 million new cases reported in 2018, breast cancer-the most common cancer among women worldwide-poses a significant financial burden on an already deteriorating public health system. Due to a lack of therapies being developed for triple-negative breast cancers and the development of resistance to the current treatment options, it is imperative to plan novel therapeutics in order to bring new medications to the pipeline. Additionally, HDACs deacetylate a large number of nonhistone cellular substrates that control a variety of biological processes, such as the beginning and development of cancer. The significance of HDACs in cancer and the therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitor. Furthermore, we also reported molecular docking study with four HDAC inhibitors and performed molecular dynamic stimulation of the best dock score compound. Among the four ligands belinostat compound showed best binding affinity with histone deacetylase protein which was -8.7 kJ/mol. It also formed five conventional hydrogen bond with Gly 841, His 669, His 670, pro 809, and His 709 amino acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Abdulla Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Humdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Kantrol Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sounok Sengupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sangh Partap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Brajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, TATA College, Kolhan University, Chaibasa, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Bassal MA. The Interplay between Dysregulated Metabolism and Epigenetics in Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:944. [PMID: 37371524 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism (or energetics) and epigenetics are tightly coupled cellular processes. It is arguable that of all the described cancer hallmarks, dysregulated cellular energetics and epigenetics are the most tightly coregulated. Cellular metabolic states regulate and drive epigenetic changes while also being capable of influencing, if not driving, epigenetic reprogramming. Conversely, epigenetic changes can drive altered and compensatory metabolic states. Cancer cells meticulously modify and control each of these two linked cellular processes in order to maintain their tumorigenic potential and capacity. This review aims to explore the interplay between these two processes and discuss how each affects the other, driving and enhancing tumorigenic states in certain contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Adel Bassal
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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26
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El-Sayed SAES, El-Alfy ES, Sayed-Ahmed MZ, Mohanta UK, Alqahtani SS, Alam N, Ahmad S, Ali MS, Igarashi I, Rizk MA. Evaluating the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on the multiplication of several Babesia species and Theileria equi on in vitro cultures, and Babesia microti in mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1192999. [PMID: 37324476 PMCID: PMC10267976 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1192999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Histone post-translational modification is one of the most studied factors influencing epigenetic regulation of protozoan parasite gene expression, which is mediated by histone deacetylases (KDACs) and acetyltransferases (KATs). Objective and methods: The present study investigated the role of resveratrol (RVT) as an activator of histone deacetylases in the control of various pathogenic Babesia sp. and Theileria equi in vitro, as well as B. microti infected mice in vivo using fluorescence assay. Its role in mitigating the side effects associated with the widely used antibabesial drugs diminazene aceturate (DA) and azithromycin (AZM) has also been investigated. Results: The in vitro growth of B. bovis, B. bigemina, B. divergens, B. caballi and Theileria equi (T. equi) was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) by RVT treatments. The estimated IC50 values revealed that RVT has the greatest inhibitory effects on B. bovis growth in vitro, with an IC50 value of 29.51 ± 2.46 µM. Reverse transcription PCR assay showed that such inhibitory activity might be attributed to resveratrol's stimulatory effect on B. bovis KDAC3 (BbKADC3) as well as its inhibitory effect on BbKATS. RVT causes a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels in heart tissue of B. microti- infected mice, thereby indicating that RVT may play a part in reducing the cardiotoxic effects of AZM. Resveratrol showed an additive effect with imidocarb dipropionate in vivo. Treatment of B. microti-infected mice with a combined 5 mg/kg RVT and 8.5 mg/kg ID resulted in an 81.55% inhibition at day 10 postinoculation (peak of parasitemia). Conclusion: Our data show that RVT is a promising antibabesial pharmacological candidate with therapeutic activities that could overcome the side effects of the currently used anti-Babesia medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed El-Alfy
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uday Kumar Mohanta
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawazish Alam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ikuo Igarashi
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mohamed Abdo Rizk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Singh VK, Kainat KM, Sharma PK. Crosstalk between epigenetics and tumor promoting androgen signaling in prostate cancer. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 122:253-282. [PMID: 36863797 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the major health burdens among all cancer types in men globally. Early diagnosis and efficacious treatment options are highly warranted as far as the incidence of PCa is concerned. Androgen-dependent transcriptional activation of androgen receptor (AR) is central to the prostate tumorigenesis and therefore hormonal ablation therapy remains the first line of treatment for PCa in the clinics. However, the molecular signaling engaged in AR-dependent PCa initiation and progression is infrequent and diverse. Moreover, apart from the genomic changes, non-genomic changes such as epigenetic modifications have also been suggested as critical regulator of PCa development. Among the non-genomic mechanisms, various epigenetic changes such as histones modifications, chromatin methylation and noncoding RNAs regulations etc. play decisive role in the prostate tumorigenesis. Given that epigenetic modifications are reversible using pharmacological modifiers, various promising therapeutic approaches have been designed for the better management of PCa. In this chapter, we discuss the epigenetic control of tumor promoting AR signaling that underlies the mechanism of prostate tumorigenesis and progression. In addition, we have discussed the approaches and opportunities to develop novel epigenetic modifications based therapeutic strategies for targeting PCa including castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipendra Kumar Singh
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Lab, Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K M Kainat
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Lab, Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Sharma
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Lab, Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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28
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Ramakrishnan J, Magudeeswaran S, Suresh S, Poomani K. Investigation of intermolecular interactions and binding mechanism of PU139 and PU141 molecules with p300 HAT enzyme via molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1351-1365. [PMID: 34974819 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The p300 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) enzyme acetylates the lysine residue of histone promotes the transcription reaction. The abnormal function of p300 HAT enzyme causes various diseases such as Cancer, Asthma, Alzheimer, Diabetics, and AIDS. In the recent years, several studies have been conducted to design potential drug to inhibit this enzyme. Recently, an in vitro study has been performed on the synthetic molecules PU139 and PU141 to inhibit the p300 HAT enzyme. The present study aims to understand the binding affinity, intermolecular interactions, conformational stability and binding energy of PU139 and PU141 molecules in the active site of p300 HAT enzyme from the in silico studies. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out for both ligands with the p300 HAT enzyme. The molecular docking and MD simulations reveals that both molecules forms expected interactions with the catalytic site key residues of p300 enzyme. The MD simulation shows the maximum RMSD value for the PU141 is 2.3 Å, whereas for PU139 is 3.3 Å; these low RMSD values indicate that both molecules are highly stable in the active site of p300. The calculated binding free energy of PU141 (-20.62 kcal/mol) is higher than the molecule PU139 (-17.67 kcal/mol). Among the results, PU141 shows the high binding affinity with p300 while comparing with PU139. The results of this in-silico study coupled with the findings reported in the in vitro study confirm that PU141 may be suitable for clinical study.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaganathan Ramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - Sivanandam Magudeeswaran
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - Suganya Suresh
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - Kumaradhas Poomani
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
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29
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Ramatchandirin B, Pearah A, He L. Regulation of Liver Glucose and Lipid Metabolism by Transcriptional Factors and Coactivators. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020515. [PMID: 36836874 PMCID: PMC9962321 DOI: 10.3390/life13020515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide is on the rise and NAFLD is becoming the most common cause of chronic liver disease. In the USA, NAFLD affects over 30% of the population, with similar occurrence rates reported from Europe and Asia. This is due to the global increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) because patients with obesity and T2DM commonly have NAFLD, and patients with NAFLD are often obese and have T2DM with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia as well as hypertriglyceridemia. Excessive accumulation of triglycerides is a hallmark of NAFLD and NAFLD is now recognized as the liver disease component of metabolic syndrome. Liver glucose and lipid metabolisms are intertwined and carbon flux can be used to generate glucose or lipids; therefore, in this review we discuss the important transcription factors and coactivators that regulate glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexia Pearah
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-410-502-5765; Fax: +1-410-502-5779
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30
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Ma Z, Zuo Y, Wang W. Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits renal cell carcinoma cell migration, invasion, colony formation, and tube formation and enhances apoptosis through promoting the DNA demethylation and histone acetylation. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:76-86. [PMID: 36264186 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored the effect and mechanism of Rg3 on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) progression. METHODS RCC cells were treated with different concentrations of Rg3, 5-Aza-dc (a methyltransferase inhibitor) or TSA (a deacetylase inhibitor). Rg3-induced cytotoxicity, migration, invasion, colony formation, tube formation and apoptosis of RCC cells were evaluated by CCK-8, wound healing, Transwell, colony formation, tube formation and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Methylation and expressions of p53, p21 and p16, and expressions of methylation-related genes and histone deacetylases and histone acetylation-related genes (H3 (acetyl K14), H3 (acetyl K9), H4 (acetyl K12), H4 (acetyl K5) and H4 (acetyl K16)) were analysed by qRT-PCR and western blot. KEY FINDINGS Rg3 dose-dependently decreased the viability, inhibited migration, invasion, colony formation and tube formation, and enhanced apoptosis of RCC cells. Rg3 enhanced the demethylation levels and expressions of p53, p21 and p16 as well as the expressions of histone acetylation-related genes, but repressed the expressions of methylation-related genes and histone deacetylases. Rg3 had the same effect as 5-Aza-dc and TSA did on the above-mentioned cellular changes. CONCLUSION Rg3 restrains RCC cell migration, invasion, colony formation and tube formation, yet enhances apoptosis through promoting demethylation of p53, p21 and p16, and histone acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Ma
- Urinary Surgery Department, Shijiazhuang Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Zuo
- Urinary Surgery Department, Shijiazhuang Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Urinary Surgery Department, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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31
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Barbero G, de Sousa Serro MG, Perez Lujan C, Vitullo AD, González CR, González B. Transcriptome profiling of histone writers/erasers enzymes across spermatogenesis, mature sperm and pre-cleavage embryo: Implications in paternal epigenome transitions and inheritance mechanisms. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1086573. [PMID: 36776561 PMCID: PMC9911891 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1086573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence points out that sperm carry epigenetic instructions to embryo in the form of retained histones marks and RNA cargo that can transmit metabolic and behavioral traits to offspring. However, the mechanisms behind epigenetic inheritance of paternal environment are still poorly understood. Here, we curated male germ cells RNA-seq data and analyzed the expression profile of all known histone lysine writers and erasers enzymes across spermatogenesis, unraveling the developmental windows at which they are upregulated, and the specific activity related to canonical and non-canonical histone marks deposition and removal. We also characterized the epigenetic enzymes signature in the mature sperm RNA cargo, showing most of them positive translation at pre-cleavage zygote, suggesting that paternally-derived enzymes mRNA cooperate with maternal factors to embryo chromatin assembly. Our study shows several histone modifying enzymes not described yet in spermatogenesis and even more, important mechanistic aspects behind transgenerational epigenetics. Epigenetic enzymes not only can respond to environmental stressors, but could function as vectors of epigenetic information and participate in chromatin organization during maternal-to-zygote transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Barbero
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano G. de Sousa Serro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Camila Perez Lujan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alfredo D. Vitullo
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Candela R. González
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Betina González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,*Correspondence: Betina González,
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32
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Wu Y, Wang R, Liu R, Ba Y, Huang H. The Roles of Histone Modifications in Metal-Induced Neurological Disorders. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:31-40. [PMID: 35129806 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing research is illuminating the intricate roles of metal ions in neural development as well as neurological disorders, which may stem from misregulation or dysfunction of epigenetic modifiers. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), aluminum (Al), and arsenic were chosen for critical review because they have become serious public health concerns due to globalization and industrialization. In this review, we will introduce various modes of action of metals and consider the role of two posttranslational modifications: histone acetylation and methylation and how each of them affects gene expression. We then summarize the findings from previous studies on the neurological outcomes and histone alterations in response to the metals on each of the previously described histone modifications mechanisms. Understanding metal-induced histone modifications changes could provide better insight on the mechanism through which neurotoxicity occurs, to propose and validate these modifications as possible biomarkers for early identification of neurological damage, and can help model targeted therapies for the diseases of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ruike Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Rundong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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33
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Targeting emerging cancer hallmarks by transition metal complexes: Epigenetic reprogramming and epitherapies. Part II. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kumar A, Emdad L, Fisher PB, Das SK. Targeting epigenetic regulation for cancer therapy using small molecule inhibitors. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 158:73-161. [PMID: 36990539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells display pervasive changes in DNA methylation, disrupted patterns of histone posttranslational modification, chromatin composition or organization and regulatory element activities that alter normal programs of gene expression. It is becoming increasingly clear that disturbances in the epigenome are hallmarks of cancer, which are targetable and represent attractive starting points for drug creation. Remarkable progress has been made in the past decades in discovering and developing epigenetic-based small molecule inhibitors. Recently, epigenetic-targeted agents in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors have been identified and these agents are either in current clinical trials or approved for treatment. However, epigenetic drug applications face many challenges, including low selectivity, poor bioavailability, instability and acquired drug resistance. New multidisciplinary approaches are being designed to overcome these limitations, e.g., applications of machine learning, drug repurposing, high throughput virtual screening technologies, to identify selective compounds with improved stability and better bioavailability. We provide an overview of the key proteins that mediate epigenetic regulation that encompass histone and DNA modifications and discuss effector proteins that affect the organization of chromatin structure and function as well as presently available inhibitors as potential drugs. Current anticancer small-molecule inhibitors targeting epigenetic modified enzymes that have been approved by therapeutic regulatory authorities across the world are highlighted. Many of these are in different stages of clinical evaluation. We also assess emerging strategies for combinatorial approaches of epigenetic drugs with immunotherapy, standard chemotherapy or other classes of agents and advances in the design of novel epigenetic therapies.
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Yamauchi Y, Duncan HF. Characterization of the Expression and Role of Histone Acetylation and Deacetylation in Dental Pulp Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2588:279-293. [PMID: 36418694 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2780-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Histone acetylation and deacetylation of DNA-associated proteins have been shown to alter the architecture of chromatin, affecting gene expression and controlling a wide range of biological events. These events are balanced by two sets of cellular enzymes, histone-deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyl-transferases (HATs). Pharmacological inhibition of histone-deacetylases (HDACs) using HDAC-inhibitors (HDACis) has been shown to promote dental pulp cell reparative processes with therapeutic implications in various fields including regenerative dentistry. To date, pan-HDACi have generally been used rather than isoform-specific HDACi targeting, despite the fact that HDAC-specific inhibitors have been developed to target HDACs in several tissues. To identify potential therapeutic targets in the tooth, the expression and distribution of HDAC-isoforms need to be analyzed. This chapter focuses on techniques to analyze expression, location, and distribution of individual HDAC-isoforms under mineralizing conditions using both histology and cell biology, along with a description of basic techniques for culturing and mineralization of rodent dental pulp cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Yamauchi
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Henry F Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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36
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McCornack C, Woodiwiss T, Hardi A, Yano H, Kim AH. The function of histone methylation and acetylation regulators in GBM pathophysiology. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1144184. [PMID: 37205197 PMCID: PMC10185819 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1144184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain malignancy and is characterized by a high degree of intra and intertumor cellular heterogeneity, a starkly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and nearly universal recurrence. The application of various genomic approaches has allowed us to understand the core molecular signatures, transcriptional states, and DNA methylation patterns that define GBM. Histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) have been shown to influence oncogenesis in a variety of malignancies, including other forms of glioma, yet comparatively less effort has been placed on understanding the transcriptional impact and regulation of histone PTMs in the context of GBM. In this review we discuss work that investigates the role of histone acetylating and methylating enzymes in GBM pathogenesis, as well as the effects of targeted inhibition of these enzymes. We then synthesize broader genomic and epigenomic approaches to understand the influence of histone PTMs on chromatin architecture and transcription within GBM and finally, explore the limitations of current research in this field before proposing future directions for this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin McCornack
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Timothy Woodiwiss
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, IA, United States
| | - Angela Hardi
- Bernard Becker Medical Library, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Hiroko Yano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- The Brain Tumor Center, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Albert H. Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- The Brain Tumor Center, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Albert H. Kim,
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Donnarumma F, Tucci V, Ambrosino C, Altucci L, Carafa V. NAA60 (HAT4): the newly discovered bi-functional Golgi member of the acetyltransferase family. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:182. [PMID: 36539894 PMCID: PMC9769039 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin structural organization, gene expression and proteostasis are intricately regulated in a wide range of biological processes, both physiological and pathological. Protein acetylation, a major post-translational modification, is tightly involved in interconnected biological networks, modulating the activation of gene transcription and protein action in cells. A very large number of studies describe the pivotal role of the so-called acetylome (accounting for more than 80% of the human proteome) in orchestrating different pathways in response to stimuli and triggering severe diseases, including cancer. NAA60/NatF (N-terminal acetyltransferase F), also named HAT4 (histone acetyltransferase type B protein 4), is a newly discovered acetyltransferase in humans modifying N-termini of transmembrane proteins starting with M-K/M-A/M-V/M-M residues and is also thought to modify lysine residues of histone H4. Because of its enzymatic features and unusual cell localization on the Golgi membrane, NAA60 is an intriguing acetyltransferase that warrants biochemical and clinical investigation. Although it is still poorly studied, this review summarizes current findings concerning the structural hallmarks and biological role of this novel targetable epigenetic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Donnarumma
- grid.428067.f0000 0004 4674 1402Biogem, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Valeria Tucci
- grid.428067.f0000 0004 4674 1402Biogem, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy ,grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Vico De Crecchio7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- grid.428067.f0000 0004 4674 1402Biogem, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy ,grid.47422.370000 0001 0724 3038Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- grid.428067.f0000 0004 4674 1402Biogem, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy ,grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Vico De Crecchio7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carafa
- grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Vico De Crecchio7, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Baltacı NG, Toraman E, Akyüz M, Kalın ŞN, Budak H. Tip60/Kat5 may be a novel candidate histone acetyltransferase for the regulation of liver iron localization via acetylation. Biometals 2022; 35:1187-1197. [PMID: 35986817 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepcidin (HAMP), an iron regulatory hormone synthesized by liver hepatocytes, works together with ferritin (FTH) and ferroportin (FPN) in regulating the storage, transport, and utilization of iron in the cell. Epigenetic mechanisms, especially acetylation, also play an important role in the regulation of iron metabolism. However, a target protein has not been mentioned yet. With this preliminary study, we investigated the effect of histone acetyltransferase TIP60 on the expression of HAMP, FTH, and FPN. In addition, how the depletion of Tip60, which regulates the circadian system, affects the daily expression of Hamp was examined at six Zeitgeber time (ZT) points. For this purpose, liver-specific Tip60 knockout mice (mutant) were produced with tamoxifen-inducible Cre/lox recombination and an iron overload model in mice was generated. While HAMP and FTH expressions decreased, FPN expression increased in the mutant group. Interestingly, there was no change in the iron content. A significant increase was observed in the expressions of HAMP, FTH, and FPN and total liver iron content in the liver tissue of the iron overload group. Since intracellular iron concentration is involved in regulating the circadian clock, temporal expression of Hamp was investigated in control and mutant groups at six ZT points. In the control group, Hamp accumulated in a circadian manner with maximal and minimal levels reaching around ZT16 and ZT8, respectively. In the mutant group, there was a significant reduction in Hamp expression in the light phase ZT0 and ZT4 and in the dark phase ZT16. These data are the first findings demonstrating a possible relationship between Tip60 and iron metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdan Gönül Baltacı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Emine Toraman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Mesut Akyüz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Şeyda Nur Kalın
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Harun Budak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye.
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Cao-Lei L, Saumier D, Fortin J, Brunet A. A narrative review of the epigenetics of post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder treatment. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:857087. [PMID: 36419982 PMCID: PMC9676221 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.857087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic research in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is essential, given that environmental stressors and fear play such a crucial role in its development. As such, it may provide a framework for understanding individual differences in the prevalence of the disorder and in treatment response. This paper reviews the epigenetic markers associated with PTSD and its treatment, including candidate genes and epigenome-wide studies. Because the etiopathogenesis of PTSD rests heavily on learning and memory, we also draw upon animal neuroepigenetic research on the acquisition, update and erasure of fear memory, focusing on the mechanisms associated with memory reconsolidation. Reconsolidation blockade (or impairment) treatment in PTSD has been studied in clinical trials and, from a neurological perspective, may hold promise for identifying epigenetic markers of successful therapy. We conclude this paper by discussing several key considerations and challenges in epigenetic research on PTSD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao-Lei
- Research Center of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CIUSSS-ODIM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Saumier
- Research Center of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CIUSSS-ODIM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Justine Fortin
- Research Center of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CIUSSS-ODIM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Brunet
- Research Center of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CIUSSS-ODIM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Park J, Lee K, Kim K, Yi SJ. The role of histone modifications: from neurodevelopment to neurodiseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:217. [PMID: 35794091 PMCID: PMC9259618 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and microRNA expression, play critical roles in cell differentiation and organ development through spatial and temporal gene regulation. Neurogenesis is a sophisticated and complex process by which neural stem cells differentiate into specialized brain cell types at specific times and regions of the brain. A growing body of evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone modifications, allow the fine-tuning and coordination of spatiotemporal gene expressions during neurogenesis. Aberrant histone modifications contribute to the development of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Herein, recent progress in understanding histone modifications in regulating embryonic and adult neurogenesis is comprehensively reviewed. The histone modifications implicated in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases are also covered, and future directions in this area are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyubin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghwan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Ju Yi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Sukocheva OA, Lukina E, Friedemann M, Menschikowski M, Hagelgans A, Aliev G. The crucial role of epigenetic regulation in breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance: Current findings and future perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 82:35-59. [PMID: 33301860 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) cell de-sensitization to Tamoxifen (TAM) or other selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulators (SERM) is a complex process associated with BC heterogeneity and the transformation of ER signalling. The most influential resistance-related mechanisms include modifications in ER expression and gene regulation patterns. During TAM/SERM treatment, epigenetic mechanisms can effectively silence ER expression and facilitate the development of endocrine resistance. ER status is efficiently regulated by specific epigenetic tools including hypermethylation of CpG islands within ER promoters, increased histone deacetylase activity in the ER promoter, and/or translational repression by miRNAs. Over-methylation of the ER α gene (ESR1) promoter by DNA methyltransferases was associated with poor prognosis and indicated the development of resistance. Moreover, BC progression and spreading were marked by transformed chromatin remodelling, post-translational histone modifications, and expression of specific miRNAs and/or long non-coding RNAs. Therefore, targeted inhibition of histone acetyltransferases (e.g. MYST3), deacetylases (e.g. HDAC1), and/or demethylases (e.g. lysine-specific demethylase LSD1) was shown to recover and increase BC sensitivity to anti-estrogens. Indicated as a powerful molecular instrument, the administration of epigenetic drugs can regain ER expression along with the activation of tumour suppressor genes, which can in turn prevent selection of resistant cells and cancer stem cell survival. This review examines recent advances in the epigenetic regulation of endocrine drug resistance and evaluates novel anti-resistance strategies. Underlying molecular mechanisms of epigenetic regulation will be discussed, emphasising the utilization of epigenetic enzymes and their inhibitors to re-program irresponsive BCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sukocheva
- Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
| | - Elena Lukina
- Discipline of Biology, College of Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Markus Friedemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital `Carl Gustav Carus`, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Mario Menschikowski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital `Carl Gustav Carus`, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Albert Hagelgans
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital `Carl Gustav Carus`, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russia; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia; Federal State Budgetary Institution «Research Institute of Human Morphology», 3, Tsyurupy Str., Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation; GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Nicu AT, Medar C, Chifiriuc MC, Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G, Burlibasa L. Epigenetics and Testicular Cancer: Bridging the Gap Between Fundamental Biology and Patient Care. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:861995. [PMID: 35465311 PMCID: PMC9023878 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.861995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular cancer is the most common solid tumor affecting young males. Most testicular cancers are testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), which are divided into seminomas (SGCTs) and non-seminomatous testicular germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). During their development, primordial germ cells (PGCs) undergo epigenetic modifications and any disturbances in their pattern might lead to cancer development. The present study provides a comprehensive review of the epigenetic mechanisms–DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, bivalent marks, non-coding RNA–associated with TGCT susceptibility, initiation, progression and response to chemotherapy. Another important purpose of this review is to highlight the recent investigations regarding the identification and development of epigenetic biomarkers as powerful tools for the diagnostic, prognostic and especially for epigenetic-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Teodora Nicu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cosmin Medar
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Clinical Hospital “Prof. dr Theodor Burghele”, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Liliana Burlibasa
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Wawruszak A, Luszczki J, Czerwonka A, Okon E, Stepulak A. Assessment of Pharmacological Interactions between SIRT2 Inhibitor AGK2 and Paclitaxel in Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071211. [PMID: 35406775 PMCID: PMC8998062 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast carcinoma (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer in women in the world. Although the advances in the treatment of BC patients are significant, numerous side effects, severe toxicity towards normal cells as well as the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomenon restrict the effectiveness of the therapies used. Therefore, new active compounds which decrease the MDR, extend disease-free survival, thereby ameliorating the effectiveness of the current treatment regimens, are greatly needed. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs), including sirtuin inhibitors (SIRTi), are the epigenetic antitumor agents which induce a cytotoxic effect in different types of cancer cells, including BC cells. Currently, combined forms of therapy with two or even more chemotherapeutics are promising antineoplastic tools to obtain a better response to therapy and limit adverse effects. Thus, on the one hand, much more effective chemotherapeutics, e.g., sirtuin inhibitors (SIRTi), are in demand; on the other hand, combinations of accepted cytostatics are trialed. Thus, the aim of our research was to examine the combination effects of a renowned cytotoxic drug paclitaxel (PAX) and SIRT2 inhibitor AGK2 on the proliferation and viability of the T47D, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, BT-549 and HCC1937 BC cells. Moreover, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction were explored. The type of pharmacological interactions between AGK2 and PAX in different molecular subtypes of BC cells was assessed using the advanced isobolographic method. Our findings demonstrated that the tested active agents singly inhibited viability and proliferation of BC cells as well as induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the cell-dependent context. Additionally, AGK2 increased the antitumor effect of PAX in most BC cell lines. We observed that, depending on the BC cell lines, the combinations of tested drugs showed synergistic, additive or antagonistic pharmacological interaction. In conclusion, our studies demonstrated that the consolidated therapy with the use of AGK2 and PAX can be considered as a potential therapeutic regimen in the personalized cure of BC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wawruszak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.C.); (E.O.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jarogniew Luszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Arkadiusz Czerwonka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.C.); (E.O.); (A.S.)
| | - Estera Okon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.C.); (E.O.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.C.); (E.O.); (A.S.)
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Yu J, Tang R, Ding K. Epigenetic Modifications in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:3155-3166. [PMID: 35342304 PMCID: PMC8942200 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s356877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a rare chronic autoimmune disease, which mainly manifests as immune disorders, vascular damage, and progressive fibrosis. The etiology of SSc is complex and involves multiple factors. Both genetic and environmental factors are involved in its pathogenesis. As one of the molecular mechanisms of environmental factors, epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of systemic sclerosis, which involves DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA regulation. This review summarizes research advances in epigenetics, including exosomes, lncRNA, and mentions possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfan Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ke Ding, Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Varela RB, Cararo JH, Tye SJ, Carvalho AF, Valvassori SS, Fries GR, Quevedo J. Contributions of epigenetic inheritance to the predisposition of major psychiatric disorders: theoretical framework, evidence, and implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 135:104579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Dai E, Zhu Z, Wahed S, Qu Z, Storkus WJ, Guo ZS. Epigenetic modulation of antitumor immunity for improved cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:171. [PMID: 34930302 PMCID: PMC8691037 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms play vital roles not only in cancer initiation and progression, but also in the activation, differentiation and effector function(s) of immune cells. In this review, we summarize current literature related to epigenomic dynamics in immune cells impacting immune cell fate and functionality, and the immunogenicity of cancer cells. Some important immune-associated genes, such as granzyme B, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12, FoxP3 and STING, are regulated via epigenetic mechanisms in immune or/and cancer cells, as are immune checkpoint molecules (PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, LAG-3, TIGIT) expressed by immune cells and tumor-associated stromal cells. Thus, therapeutic strategies implementing epigenetic modulating drugs are expected to significantly impact the tumor microenvironment (TME) by promoting transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming in local immune cell populations, resulting in inhibition of immunosuppressive cells (MDSCs and Treg) and the activation of anti-tumor T effector cells, professional antigen presenting cells (APC), as well as cancer cells which can serve as non-professional APC. In the latter instance, epigenetic modulating agents may coordinately promote tumor immunogenicity by inducing de novo expression of transcriptionally repressed tumor-associated antigens, increasing expression of neoantigens and MHC processing/presentation machinery, and activating tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD provides a rich source of immunogens for anti-tumor T cell cross-priming and sensitizing cancer cells to interventional immunotherapy. In this way, epigenetic modulators may be envisioned as effective components in combination immunotherapy approaches capable of mediating superior therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyong Dai
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhi Zhu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shudipto Wahed
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Qu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Walter J Storkus
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Departments of Dermatology, Immunology, Pathology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zong Sheng Guo
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Rodriguez FD. Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms to Treat Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD). Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:3252-3272. [PMID: 33535943 PMCID: PMC8778698 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210203142539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of abusive alcohol consumption on human health is remarkable. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 3.3 million people die annually because of harmful alcohol consumption (the figure represents around 5.9% of global deaths). Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic disease where individuals exhibit compulsive alcohol drinking and present negative emotional states when they do not drink. In the most severe manifestations of AUD, the individuals lose control over intake despite a decided will to stop drinking. Given the multiple faces and the specific forms of this disease, the term AUD often appears in the plural (AUDs). Since only a few approved pharmacological treatments are available to treat AUD and they do not apply to all individuals or AUD forms, the search for compounds that may help to eliminate the burden of the disease and complement other therapeutical approaches is necessary. METHODS This work reviews recent research focused on the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathophysiology of AUD. Excessive drinking leads to chronic and compulsive consumption that eventually damages the organism. The central nervous system is a key target and is the focus of this study. The search for the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms behind the intricated dysregulation induced by ethanol will aid researchers in establishing new therapy approaches. CONCLUSION Recent findings in the field of epigenetics are essential and offer new windows for observation and research. The study of small molecules that inhibit key epienzymes involved in nucleosome architecture dynamics is necessary in order to prove their action and specificity in the laboratory and to test their effectivity and safety in clinical trials with selected patients bearing defined alterations caused by ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. David Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Salamanca and Group GIR BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Lu J, Liang Y, Meng H, Zhang A, Zhao J, Zhang C. Metabolic Controls on Epigenetic Reprogramming in Regulatory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:728783. [PMID: 34421930 PMCID: PMC8374078 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.728783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3+)-expressing regulatory T (Treg) cells are a unique CD4+T cell subset that suppresses excessive immune responses. The epigenetic plasticity and metabolic traits of Treg cells are crucial for the acquisition of their phenotypic and functional characteristics. Therefore, alterations to the epigenetics and metabolism affect Treg cell development and function. Recent evidence reveals that altering the metabolic pathways and generation of metabolites can regulate the epigenetics of Treg cells. Specifically, some intermediates of cell metabolism can directly act as substrates or cofactors of epigenetic-modifying enzymes. Here, we describe the metabolic and epigenetic features during Treg cell development, and discuss how metabolites can contribute to epigenetic alterations of Treg cells, which affects Treg cell activation, differentiation, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ailing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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The GCN5: its biological functions and therapeutic potentials. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:231-257. [PMID: 33443284 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
General control non-depressible 5 (GCN5) or lysine acetyltransferase 2A (KAT2A) is one of the most highly studied histone acetyltransferases. It acts as both histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and lysine acetyltransferase (KAT). As an HAT it plays a pivotal role in the epigenetic landscape and chromatin modification. Besides, GCN5 regulates a wide range of biological events such as gene regulation, cellular proliferation, metabolism and inflammation. Imbalance in the GCN5 activity has been reported in many disorders such as cancer, metabolic disorders, autoimmune disorders and neurological disorders. Therefore, unravelling the role of GCN5 in different diseases progression is a prerequisite for both understanding and developing novel therapeutic agents of these diseases. In this review, we have discussed the structural features, the biological function of GCN5 and the mechanical link with the diseases associated with its imbalance. Moreover, the present GCN5 modulators and their limitations will be presented in a medicinal chemistry perspective.
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50
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Demyanenko S, Sharifulina S. The Role of Post-Translational Acetylation and Deacetylation of Signaling Proteins and Transcription Factors after Cerebral Ischemia: Facts and Hypotheses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157947. [PMID: 34360712 PMCID: PMC8348732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) regulate transcription and the most important functions of cells by acetylating/deacetylating histones and non-histone proteins. These proteins are involved in cell survival and death, replication, DNA repair, the cell cycle, and cell responses to stress and aging. HDAC/HAT balance in cells affects gene expression and cell signaling. There are very few studies on the effects of stroke on non-histone protein acetylation/deacetylation in brain cells. HDAC inhibitors have been shown to be effective in protecting the brain from ischemic damage. However, the role of different HDAC isoforms in the survival and death of brain cells after stroke is still controversial. HAT/HDAC activity depends on the acetylation site and the acetylation/deacetylation of the main proteins (c-Myc, E2F1, p53, ERK1/2, Akt) considered in this review, that are involved in the regulation of cell fate decisions. Our review aims to analyze the possible role of the acetylation/deacetylation of transcription factors and signaling proteins involved in the regulation of survival and death in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Demyanenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, pr. Stachki 194/1, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Svetlana Sharifulina
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, pr. Stachki 194/1, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
- Neuroscience Center HiLife, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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