1
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Bandyopadhyay S, Duffy MP, Ahn KJ, Sussman JH, Pang M, Smith D, Duncan G, Zhang I, Huang J, Lin Y, Xiong B, Imtiaz T, Chen CH, Thadi A, Chen C, Xu J, Reichart M, Martinez Z, Diorio C, Chen C, Pillai V, Snaith O, Oldridge D, Bhattacharyya S, Maillard I, Carroll M, Nelson C, Qin L, Tan K. Mapping the cellular biogeography of human bone marrow niches using single-cell transcriptomics and proteomic imaging. Cell 2024; 187:3120-3140.e29. [PMID: 38714197 PMCID: PMC11162340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-hematopoietic cells are essential contributors to hematopoiesis. However, heterogeneity and spatial organization of these cells in human bone marrow remain largely uncharacterized. We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to profile 29,325 non-hematopoietic cells and discovered nine transcriptionally distinct subtypes. We simultaneously profiled 53,417 hematopoietic cells and predicted their interactions with non-hematopoietic subsets. We employed co-detection by indexing (CODEX) to spatially profile over 1.2 million cells. We integrated scRNA-seq and CODEX data to link predicted cellular signaling with spatial proximity. Our analysis revealed a hyperoxygenated arterio-endosteal neighborhood for early myelopoiesis, and an adipocytic localization for early hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). We used our CODEX atlas to annotate new images and uncovered mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) expansion and spatial neighborhoods co-enriched for leukemic blasts and MSCs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient samples. This spatially resolved, multiomic atlas of human bone marrow provides a reference for investigation of cellular interactions that drive hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shovik Bandyopadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P Duffy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kyung Jin Ahn
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan H Sussman
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Minxing Pang
- Applied Mathematics & Computational Science Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Smith
- Center for Single Cell Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Duncan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Iris Zhang
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yulieh Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Barbara Xiong
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tamjid Imtiaz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anusha Thadi
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Changya Chen
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason Xu
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Melissa Reichart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary Martinez
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Caroline Diorio
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vinodh Pillai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Oraine Snaith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Derek Oldridge
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Siddharth Bhattacharyya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ivan Maillard
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martin Carroll
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charles Nelson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Kai Tan
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Single Cell Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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2
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Chen S, Liang B, Xu J. Unveiling heterogeneity in MSCs: exploring marker-based strategies for defining MSC subpopulations. J Transl Med 2024; 22:459. [PMID: 38750573 PMCID: PMC11094970 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous cell population distributed throughout various tissues, demonstrating remarkable adaptability to microenvironmental cues and holding immense promise for disease treatment. However, the inherent diversity within MSCs often leads to variability in therapeutic outcomes, posing challenges for clinical applications. To address this heterogeneity, purification of MSC subpopulations through marker-based isolation has emerged as a promising approach to ensure consistent therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discussed the reported markers of MSCs, encompassing those developed through candidate marker strategies and high-throughput approaches, with the aim of explore viable strategies for addressing the heterogeneity of MSCs and illuminate prospective research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Liang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Fuqiang Avenue 1001, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Miteva M, Mihaylova Z, Mitev V, Aleksiev E, Stanimirov P, Praskova M, Dimitrova VS, Vasileva A, Calenic B, Constantinescu I, Perlea P, Ishkitiev N. A Review of Stem Cell Attributes Derived from the Oral Cavity. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00093-5. [PMID: 38582718 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity stem cells (OCSCs) have been the focus of intense scientific efforts due to their accessibility and stem cell properties. The present work aims to compare the different characteristics of 6 types of dental stem cells derived from the oral cavity: dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC), stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC). Using immunofluorescence and real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques, we analysed the cells for stem cell, differentiation, adhesion, and extracellular matrix markers; the ability to proliferate in vitro; and multilineage differentiation potential. Markers such as vimentin, CD44, alkaline phosphatase, CD146, CD271, CD49f, Oct 3/4, Sox 9, FGF7, nestin, and BMP4 showed significant differences in expression levels, highlighting the heterogeneity and unique characteristics of each cell type. At the same time, we confirmed that all cell types successfully differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, or adipose lineages, with different readiness. In conclusion, our study reveals the distinct properties and potential applications of various dental-derived stem cells. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of OCSCs and their significance in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Miteva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zornitsa Mihaylova
- Department of Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vanyo Mitev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evgeniy Aleksiev
- Department of Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Pavel Stanimirov
- Department of Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Praskova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Violeta S Dimitrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia Vasileva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bogdan Calenic
- Centre for Immunogenetics and Virology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, University of Medicine and Farmacy "Carol Davila," Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ileana Constantinescu
- Centre for Immunogenetics and Virology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, University of Medicine and Farmacy "Carol Davila," Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paula Perlea
- Department of Endodontics, UMF Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Nikolay Ishkitiev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
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4
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Gancheva MR, Kremer K, Breen J, Arthur A, Hamilton-Bruce A, Thomas P, Gronthos S, Koblar S. Effect of Octamer-Binding Transcription Factor 4 Overexpression on the Neural Induction of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:797-815. [PMID: 38316679 PMCID: PMC10984899 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10678-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is a potential alternative strategy for brain repair, with neural stem cells (NSC) presenting as the most promising candidates. Obtaining sufficient quantities of NSC for clinical applications is challenging, therefore alternative cell types, such as neural crest-derived dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), may be considered. Human DPSC possess neurogenic potential, exerting positive effects in the damaged brain through paracrine effects. However, a method for conversion of DPSC into NSC has yet to be developed. Here, overexpression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in combination with neural inductive conditions was used to reprogram human DPSC along the neural lineage. The reprogrammed DPSC demonstrated a neuronal-like phenotype, with increased expression levels of neural markers, limited capacity for sphere formation, and enhanced neuronal but not glial differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis further highlighted the expression of genes associated with neural and neuronal functions. In vivo analysis using a developmental avian model showed that implanted DPSC survived in the developing central nervous system and respond to endogenous signals, displaying neuronal phenotypes. Therefore, OCT4 enhances the neural potential of DPSC, which exhibited characteristics aligning with neuronal progenitors. This method can be used to standardise DPSC neural induction and provide an alternative source of neural cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Gancheva
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
| | - Karlea Kremer
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - James Breen
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Agnes Arthur
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Anne Hamilton-Bruce
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- Stroke Research Programme, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, 5011, Australia
| | - Paul Thomas
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Simon Koblar
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
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5
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Bandyopadhyay S, Duffy M, Ahn KJ, Pang M, Smith D, Duncan G, Sussman J, Zhang I, Huang J, Lin Y, Xiong B, Imtiaz T, Chen CH, Thadi A, Chen C, Xu J, Reichart M, Pillai V, Snaith O, Oldridge D, Bhattacharyya S, Maillard I, Carroll M, Nelson C, Qin L, Tan K. Mapping the Cellular Biogeography of Human Bone Marrow Niches Using Single-Cell Transcriptomics and Proteomic Imaging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.14.585083. [PMID: 38559168 PMCID: PMC10979999 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.14.585083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The bone marrow is the organ responsible for blood production. Diverse non-hematopoietic cells contribute essentially to hematopoiesis. However, these cells and their spatial organization remain largely uncharacterized as they have been technically challenging to study in humans. Here, we used fresh femoral head samples and performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) to profile 29,325 enriched non-hematopoietic bone marrow cells and discover nine transcriptionally distinct subtypes. We next employed CO-detection by inDEXing (CODEX) multiplexed imaging of 18 individuals, including both healthy and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples, to spatially profile over one million single cells with a novel 53-antibody panel. We discovered a relatively hyperoxygenated arterio-endosteal niche for early myelopoiesis, and an adipocytic, but not endosteal or perivascular, niche for early hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. We used our atlas to predict cell type labels in new bone marrow images and used these predictions to uncover mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) expansion and leukemic blast/MSC-enriched spatial neighborhoods in AML patient samples. Our work represents the first comprehensive, spatially-resolved multiomic atlas of human bone marrow and will serve as a reference for future investigation of cellular interactions that drive hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shovik Bandyopadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael Duffy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kyung Jin Ahn
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Minxing Pang
- Applied Mathematics & Computational Science Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David Smith
- Center for Single Cell Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gwendolyn Duncan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jonathan Sussman
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Iris Zhang
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jeffrey Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yulieh Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Barbara Xiong
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tamjid Imtiaz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anusha Thadi
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Changya Chen
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jason Xu
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Melissa Reichart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Vinodh Pillai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Oraine Snaith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Derek Oldridge
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Siddharth Bhattacharyya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ivan Maillard
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Martin Carroll
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Charles Nelson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kai Tan
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Single Cell Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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6
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Tran ANT, Kim HY, Oh SY, Kim HS. CD49f and CD146: A Possible Crosstalk Modulates Adipogenic Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 13:55. [PMID: 38201259 PMCID: PMC10778538 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of appropriate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) selection methods has given the challenges for standardized harvesting, processing, and phenotyping procedures of MSCs. Genetic engineering coupled with high-throughput proteomic studies of MSC surface markers arises as a promising strategy to identify stem cell-specific markers. However, the technical limitations are the key factors making it less suitable to provide an appropriate starting material for the screening platform. A more accurate, easily accessible approach is required to solve the issues. METHODS This study established a high-throughput screening strategy with forward versus side scatter gating to identify the adipogenesis-associated markers of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) and tonsil-derived MSCs (TMSCs). We classified the MSC-derived adipogenic differentiated cells into two clusters: lipid-rich cells as side scatter (SSC)-high population and lipid-poor cells as SSC-low population. By screening the expression of 242 cell surface proteins, we identified the surface markers which exclusively found in lipid-rich subpopulation as the specific markers for BMSCs and TMSCs. RESULTS High-throughput screening of the expression of 242 cell surface proteins indicated that CD49f and CD146 were specific for BMSCs and TMSCs. Subsequent immunostaining confirmed the consistent specific expression of CD49f and CD146 and in BMSCs and TMSCs. Enrichment of MSCs by CD49f and CD146 surface markers demonstrated that the simultaneous expression of CD49f and CD146 is required for adipogenesis and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. Furthermore, the fate decision of MSCs from different sources is regulated by distinct responses of cells to differentiation stimulations despite sharing a common CD49f+CD146+ immunophenotype. CONCLUSIONS We established an accurate, robust, transgene-free method for screening adipogenesis associated cell surface proteins. This provided a valuable tool to investigate MSC-specific markers. Additionally, we showed a possible crosstalk between CD49f and CD146 modulates the adipogenesis of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Nguyen-Thuy Tran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (A.N.-T.T.); (H.Y.K.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Yeong Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (A.N.-T.T.); (H.Y.K.)
| | - Se-Young Oh
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea;
| | - Han Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (A.N.-T.T.); (H.Y.K.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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7
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Kurenkova AD, Presniakova VS, Mosina ZA, Kibirskiy PD, Romanova IA, Tugaeva GK, Kosheleva NV, Vinogradov KS, Kostjuk SV, Kotova SL, Rochev YA, Medvedeva EV, Timashev PS. Resveratrol's Impact on the Chondrogenic Reagents' Effects in Cell Sheet Cultures of Wharton's Jelly-Derived MSCs. Cells 2023; 12:2845. [PMID: 38132166 PMCID: PMC10741663 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) are of great interest in tissue engineering. We obtained hWJ-MSCs from four patients, and then we stimulated their chondrogenic phenotype formation in vitro by adding resveratrol (during cell expansion) and a canonical Wnt pathway activator, LiCl, as well as a Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor, Y27632 (during differentiation). The effects of the added reagents on the formation of hWJ-MSC sheets destined to repair osteochondral injuries were investigated. Three-dimensional hWJ-MSC sheets grown on P(NIPAM-co-NtBA)-based matrices were characterized in vitro and in vivo. The combination of resveratrol and LiCl showed effects on hWJ-MSC sheets similar to those of the basal chondrogenic medium. Adding Y27632 decreased both the proportion of hypertrophied cells and the expression of the hyaline cartilage markers. In vitro, DMSO was observed to impede the effects of the chondrogenic factors. The mouse knee defect model experiment revealed that hWJ-MSC sheets grown with the addition of resveratrol and Y27632 were well integrated with the surrounding tissues; however, after 3 months, the restored tissue was identical to that of the naturally healed cartilage injury. Thus, the combination of chondrogenic supplements may not always have additive effects on the progress of cell culture and could be neutralized by the microenvironment after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia D. Kurenkova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Viktoria S. Presniakova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Zlata A. Mosina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel D. Kibirskiy
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Irina A. Romanova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Gilyana K. Tugaeva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nastasia V. Kosheleva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
- FSBSI “Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology”, Baltiyskaya St. 8, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Kirill S. Vinogradov
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sergei V. Kostjuk
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Belarussian State University, 14 Leningradskaya St., 220006 Minsk, Belarus
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya St., 220006 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Svetlana L. Kotova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yury A. Rochev
- Center for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY Galway, Ireland
| | - Ekaterina V. Medvedeva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Peter S. Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
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8
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Sharma NS, Choudhary B. Good Cop, Bad Cop: Profiling the Immune Landscape in Multiple Myeloma. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1629. [PMID: 38002311 PMCID: PMC10669790 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a dyscrasia of plasma cells (PCs) characterized by abnormal immunoglobulin (Ig) production. The disease remains incurable due to a multitude of mutations and structural abnormalities in MM cells, coupled with a favorable microenvironment and immune suppression that eventually contribute to the development of drug resistance. The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is composed of a cellular component comprising stromal cells, endothelial cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and immune cells, and a non-cellular component made of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the liquid milieu, which contains cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines. The bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are involved in the adhesion of MM cells, promote the growth, proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance of MM cells, and are also crucial in angiogenesis and the formation of lytic bone lesions. Classical immunophenotyping in combination with advanced immune profiling using single-cell sequencing technologies has enabled immune cell-specific gene expression analysis in MM to further elucidate the roles of specific immune cell fractions from peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) in myelomagenesis and progression, immune evasion and exhaustion mechanisms, and development of drug resistance and relapse. The review describes the role of BMME components in MM development and ongoing clinical trials using immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyati Seshagiri Sharma
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Electronic City, Bengaluru 560100, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Bibha Choudhary
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Electronic City, Bengaluru 560100, India
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9
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Smolinska A, Bzinkowska A, Rybkowska P, Chodkowska M, Sarnowska A. Promising Markers in the Context of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Subpopulations with Unique Properties. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:1842958. [PMID: 37771549 PMCID: PMC10533301 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1842958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity of the mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) population poses a challenge to researchers and clinicians, especially those observed at the population level. What is more, the lack of precise evidences regarding MSCs developmental origin even further complicate this issue. As the available evidences indicate several possible pathways of MSCs formation, this diverse origin may be reflected in the unique subsets of cells found within the MSCs population. Such populations differ in specialization degree, proliferation, and immunomodulatory properties or exhibit other additional properties such as increased angiogenesis capacity. In this review article, we attempted to identify such outstanding populations according to the specific surface antigens or intracellular markers. Described groups were characterized depending on their specialization and potential therapeutic application. The reports presented here cover a wide variety of properties found in the recent literature, which is quite scarce for many candidates mentioned in this article. Even though the collected information would allow for better targeting of specific subpopulations in regenerative medicine to increase the effectiveness of MSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Smolinska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bzinkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Rybkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chodkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Epah J, Spohn G, Preiß K, Müller MM, Dörr J, Bauer R, Daqiq-Mirdad S, Schwäble J, Bernas SN, Schmidt AH, Seifried E, Schäfer R. Small volume bone marrow aspirates with high progenitor cell concentrations maximize cell therapy dose manufacture and substantially reduce donor hemoglobin loss. BMC Med 2023; 21:360. [PMID: 37726769 PMCID: PMC10510270 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow (BM) transplantation is a life-saving therapy for hematological diseases, and the BM harbors also highly useful (progenitor) cell types for novel cell therapies manufacture. Yet, the BM collection technique is not standardized. METHODS Benchmarking our collection efficiency to BM collections worldwide (N = 1248), we noted a great variability of total nucleated cell (TNC) yields in BM products (HPC-M) with superior performance of our center, where we have implemented a small volume aspirate policy. Thus, we next prospectively aimed to assess the impact of BM collection technique on HPC-M quality. For each BM collection (N = 20 donors), small volume (3 mL) and large volume (10 mL) BM aspirates were sampled at 3 time points and analyzed for cell composition. RESULTS Compared to large volume aspirates, small volume aspirates concentrated more TNCs, immune cells, platelets, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), and endothelial progenitors. Inversely, the hemoglobin concentration was higher in large volume aspirates indicating more hemoglobin loss. Manufacturing and dosing scenarios showed that small volume aspirates save up to 42% BM volume and 44% hemoglobin for HPC-M donors. Moreover, MSC production efficiency can be increased by more than 150%. CONCLUSIONS We propose to consider small volume BM aspiration as standard technique for BM collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Epah
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Gabriele Spohn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Kathrin Preiß
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Markus M Müller
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Johanna Dörr
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Rainer Bauer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Shabnam Daqiq-Mirdad
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Joachim Schwäble
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Erhard Seifried
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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11
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Park MN. The Therapeutic Potential of a Strategy to Prevent Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cell Reprogramming in Older Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12037. [PMID: 37569414 PMCID: PMC10418941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common and incurable leukemia subtype. Despite extensive research into the disease's intricate molecular mechanisms, effective treatments or expanded diagnostic or prognostic markers for AML have not yet been identified. The morphological, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, biomolecular, and clinical characteristics of AML patients are extensive and complex. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) consist of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and cancer cells transformed by a complex, finely-tuned interaction that causes the complexity of AML. Microenvironmental regulation of LSCs dormancy and the diagnostic and therapeutic implications for identifying and targeting LSCs due to their significance in the pathogenesis of AML are discussed in this review. It is essential to perceive the relationship between the niche for LSCs and HSCs, which together cause the progression of AML. Notably, methylation is a well-known epigenetic change that is significant in AML, and our data also reveal that microRNAs are a unique factor for LSCs. Multiple-targeted approaches to reduce the risk of epigenetic factors, such as the administration of natural compounds for the elimination of local LSCs, may prevent potentially fatal relapses. Furthermore, the survival analysis of overlapping genes revealed that specific targets had significant effects on the survival and prognosis of patients. We predict that the multiple-targeted effects of herbal products on epigenetic modification are governed by different mechanisms in AML and could prevent potentially fatal relapses. Thus, these strategies can facilitate the incorporation of herbal medicine and natural compounds into the advanced drug discovery and development processes achievable with Network Pharmacology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kahrizi MS, Mousavi E, Khosravi A, Rahnama S, Salehi A, Nasrabadi N, Ebrahimzadeh F, Jamali S. Recent advances in pre-conditioned mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs) therapy in organ failure; a comprehensive review of preclinical studies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:155. [PMID: 37287066 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)-based therapy brings the reassuring capability to regenerative medicine through their self-renewal and multilineage potency. Also, they secret a diversity of mediators, which are complicated in moderation of deregulated immune responses, and yielding angiogenesis in vivo. Nonetheless, MSCs may lose biological performance after procurement and prolonged expansion in vitro. Also, following transplantation and migration to target tissue, they encounter a harsh milieu accompanied by death signals because of the lack of proper tensegrity structure between the cells and matrix. Accordingly, pre-conditioning of MSCs is strongly suggested to upgrade their performances in vivo, leading to more favored transplantation efficacy in regenerative medicine. Indeed, MSCs ex vivo pre-conditioning by hypoxia, inflammatory stimulus, or other factors/conditions may stimulate their survival, proliferation, migration, exosome secretion, and pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory characteristics in vivo. In this review, we deliver an overview of the pre-conditioning methods that are considered a strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in organ failures, in particular, renal, heart, lung, and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elnaz Mousavi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Armin Khosravi
- Department of Periodontics, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sara Rahnama
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Salehi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Navid Nasrabadi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Samira Jamali
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Rikitake K, Kunimatsu R, Yoshimi Y, Nakajima K, Hiraki T, Aisyah Rizky Putranti N, Tsuka Y, Abe T, Ando K, Hayashi Y, Nikawa H, Tanimoto K. Effect of CD146 + SHED on bone regeneration in a mouse calvaria defect model. Oral Dis 2023; 29:725-734. [PMID: 34510661 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) have bone regeneration ability and potential therapeutic applications. CD146, a cell adhesion protein expressed by vascular endothelial cells, is involved in osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells. The effect of CD146 on SHED-mediated bone regeneration in vivo remains unknown. We aimed to establish efficient conditions for SHED transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS SHED were isolated from the pulp of an extracted deciduous tooth and cultured; CD146-positive (CD146+ ) and CD146-negative (CD146- ) populations were sorted. Heterogeneous populations of SHED and CD146+ and CD146- cells were transplanted into bone defects generated in the skulls of immunodeficient mice. Micro-computed tomography was performed immediately and 4 and 8 weeks later. Histological and immunohistochemical assessments were performed 8 weeks later. RESULTS Bone regeneration was observed upon transplantation with CD146+ and heterogeneous populations of SHED, with significantly higher bone regeneration observed with CD146+ cells. Bone regeneration was higher in the CD146- group than in the control group, but significantly lower than that in the other transplant groups at 4 and 8 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical assessments revealed that CD146+ cells promoted bone regeneration and angiogenesis. CONCLUSION Transplantation of CD146+ SHED into bone defects may be useful for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Rikitake
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryo Kunimatsu
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimi
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kengo Nakajima
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hiraki
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nurul Aisyah Rizky Putranti
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Tsuka
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takaharu Abe
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Ando
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoko Hayashi
- Analysis Center of Life Science, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nikawa
- Department of Oral Biology and Engineering, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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14
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Kunimatsu R, Rikitake K, Yoshimi Y, Putranti NAR, Hayashi Y, Tanimoto K. Bone Differentiation Ability of CD146-Positive Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044048. [PMID: 36835460 PMCID: PMC9964331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative therapy for tissues by mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) transplantation has received much attention. The cluster of differentiation (CD)146 marker, a surface-antigen of stem cells, is crucial for angiogenic and osseous differentiation abilities. Bone regeneration is accelerated by the transplantation of CD146-positive deciduous dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells contained in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) into a living donor. However, the role of CD146 in SHED remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the effects of CD146 on cell proliferative and substrate metabolic abilities in a population of SHED. SHED was isolated from deciduous teeth, and flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of MSCs markers. Cell sorting was performed to recover the CD146-positive cell population (CD146+) and CD146-negative cell population (CD146-). CD146 + SHED without cell sorting and CD146-SHED were examined and compared among three groups. To investigate the effect of CD146 on cell proliferation ability, an analysis of cell proliferation ability was performed using BrdU assay and MTS assay. The bone differentiation ability was evaluated using an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) stain after inducing bone differentiation, and the quality of ALP protein expressed was examined. We also performed Alizarin red staining and evaluated the calcified deposits. The gene expression of ALP, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), and osteocalcin (OCN) was analyzed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. There was no significant difference in cell proliferation among the three groups. The expression of ALP stain, Alizarin red stain, ALP, BMP-2, and OCN was the highest in the CD146+ group. CD146 + SHED had higher osteogenic differentiation potential compared with SHED and CD146-SHED. CD146 contained in SHED may be a valuable population of cells for bone regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kunimatsu
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5686; Fax: +81-82-257-5687
| | - Kodai Rikitake
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimi
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Nurul Aisyah Rizky Putranti
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoko Hayashi
- Analysis Center of Life Science, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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15
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Matthews EZ, Lanham S, White K, Kyriazi ME, Alexaki K, El-Sagheer AH, Brown T, Kanaras AG, J West J, MacArthur BD, Stumpf PS, Oreffo ROC. Single-cell RNA-sequence analysis of human bone marrow reveals new targets for isolation of skeletal stem cells using spherical nucleic acids. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231169375. [PMID: 37216034 PMCID: PMC10192814 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231169375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a wealth of data indicating human bone marrow contains skeletal stem cells (SSC) with the capacity for osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. However, current methods to isolate SSCs are restricted by the lack of a defined marker, limiting understanding of SSC fate, immunophenotype, function and clinical application. The current study applied single-cell RNA-sequencing to profile human adult bone marrow populations from 11 donors and identified novel targets for SSC enrichment. Spherical nucleic acids were used to detect these mRNA targets in SSCs. This methodology was able to rapidly isolate potential SSCs found at a frequency of <1 in 1,000,000 in human bone marrow, with the capacity for tri-lineage differentiation in vitro and ectopic bone formation in vivo. The current studies detail the development of a platform to advance SSC enrichment from human bone marrow, offering an invaluable resource for further SSC characterisation, with significant therapeutic impact therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elloise Z Matthews
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Stuart Lanham
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kate White
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Maria-Eleni Kyriazi
- College of Engineering and Technology,
American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Konstantina Alexaki
- Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of
Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chemistry Branch, Department of Science
and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez,
Egypt
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonios G Kanaras
- Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of
Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University
of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jonathan J West
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of
Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ben D MacArthur
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University
of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Mathematical Sciences, University of
Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Patrick S Stumpf
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Joint Research Center for Computational
Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Richard OC Oreffo
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University
of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- College of Biomedical Engineering,
China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Burns JS, Kassem M. Identifying Biomarkers for Osteogenic Potency Assay Development. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1420:39-58. [PMID: 37258783 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30040-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
There has been extensive exploration of how cells may serve as advanced therapy medicinal products to treat skeletal pathologies. Osteoblast progenitors responsible for production of extracellular matrix that is subsequently mineralized during bone formation have been characterised as a rare bone marrow subpopulation of cell culture plastic adherent cells. Conveniently, they proliferate to form single-cell derived colonies of fibroblastoid cells, termed colony forming unit fibroblasts that can subsequently differentiate to aggregates resembling small areas of cartilage or bone. However, donor heterogeneity and loss of osteogenic differentiation capacity during extended cell culture have made the discovery of reliable potency assay biomarkers difficult. Nonetheless, functional osteoblast models derived from telomerised human bone marrow stromal cells have allowed extensive comparative analysis of gene expression, microRNA, morphological phenotypes and secreted proteins. This chapter highlights numerous insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning osteogenic differentiation of multipotent stromal cells and bone formation, discussing aspects involved in the choice of useful biomarkers for functional attributes that can be quantitively measured in osteogenic potency assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge S Burns
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- University Hospital of Odense, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Stem Cell Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Feng J, Wang Y, Li B, Yu X, Lei L, Wu J, Zhang X, Chen Q, Zhou Y, Gou J, Li H, Tan Z, Dai Z, Li X, Guan F. Loss of bisecting GlcNAcylation on MCAM of bone marrow stoma determined pro-tumoral niche in MDS/AML. Leukemia 2023; 37:113-121. [PMID: 36335262 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01748-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) stroma plays key roles in supporting hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) growth. Glycosylation contributes to the interactions between HSC and surrounding microenvironment. We observed that bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) structures, in BM stromal cells were significantly lower for MDS/AML patients than for healthy subjects. Malignant clonal cells delivered exosomal miR-188-5p to recipient stromal cells, where it suppressed bisecting GlcNAc by targeting MGAT3 gene. Proteomic analysis revealed reduced GlcNAc structures and enhanced expression of MCAM, a marker of BM niche. We characterized MCAM as a bisecting GlcNAc-bearing target protein, and identified Asn 56 as bisecting GlcNAc modification site on MCAM. MCAM on stromal cell surface with reduced bisecting GlcNAc bound strongly to CD13 on myeloid cells, activated responding ERK signaling, and thereby promoted myeloid cell growth. Our findings, taken together, suggest a novel mechanism whereby MDS/AML clonal cells generate a self-permissive niche by modifying glycosylation level of stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Feng
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingxin Li
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinwen Yu
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinpeng Wu
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Yue Zhou
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junjie Gou
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongjiao Li
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zengqi Tan
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute of Hematology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Feng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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18
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Du J, Guo W, Häckel S, Hoppe S, Garcia JP, Alini M, Tryfonidou MA, Creemers LB, Grad S, Li Z. The function of CD146 in human annulus fibrosus cells and mechanism of the regulation by TGF-β. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1661-1671. [PMID: 34662464 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mouse outer annulus fibrosus (AF) was previously shown to contain CD146+ AF cells, while in vitro culture and exposure to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) further increased the expression of CD146. However, neither the specific function of CD146 nor the underlying mechanism of TGF-β upregulation of CD146+ AF cells have been elucidated yet. In the current study, CD146 expression and its role in cultured human AF cells was investigated studying the cells' capacity for matrix contraction and gene expression of functional AF markers. In addition, TGF-β pathways were blocked by several pathway inhibitors and short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting SMAD and non-SMAD pathways to investigate their involvement in TGF-β-induced CD146 upregulation. Results showed that knockdown of CD146 led to reduction in AF cell-mediated collagen gel contraction, downregulation of versican and smooth muscle protein 22α (SM22α), and upregulation of scleraxis. TGF-β-induced CD146 upregulation was significantly blocked by inhibition of TGF-β receptor ALK5, and partially inhibited by shRNA against SMAD2 and SMAD4 and by an Protein Kinase B (AKT) inhibitor. Interestingly, the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) pathway induced CD146 upregulation. In conclusion, CD146 was shown to be crucial to maintain the cell contractility of human AF cells in vitro. Furthermore, TGF-β upregulated CD146 via ALK5 signaling cascade, partially through SMAD2, SMAD4, and AKT pathway, whereas, ERK was shown to be a potential negative modulator. Our findings suggest that CD146 can potentially be used as a functional marker in AF repair strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Du
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wei Guo
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.,Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sonja Häckel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sven Hoppe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - João P Garcia
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Laura B Creemers
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Zhen Li
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
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19
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Zhang L, Sun Y, Zhang XX, Liu YB, Sun HY, Wu CT, Xiao FJ, Wang LS. Comparison of CD146 +/- mesenchymal stem cells in improving premature ovarian failure. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:267. [PMID: 35729643 PMCID: PMC9209844 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02916-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous group of subpopulations with differentially expressed surface markers. CD146 + MSCs correlate with high therapeutic and secretory potency. However, their therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms in premature ovarian failure (POF) have not been explored. METHODS The umbilical cord (UC)-derived CD146 +/- MSCs were sorted using magnetic beads. The proliferation of MSCs was assayed by dye670 staining and flow cytometry. A mouse POF model was established by injection of cyclophosphamide and busulfan, followed by treatment with CD146 +/- MSCs. The therapeutic effect of CD146 +/- MSCs was evaluated based on body weight, hormone levels, follicle count and reproductive ability. Differential gene expression was identified by mRNA sequencing and validated by RT-PCR. The lymphocyte percentage was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS CD146 +/- MSCs had similar morphology and surface marker expression. However, CD146 + MSCs exhibited a significantly stronger proliferation ability. Gene profiles revealed that CD146 + MSCs had a lower levels of immunoregulatory factor expression. CD146 + MSCs exhibited a stronger ability to inhibit T cell proliferation. CD146 +/- MSCs treatment markedly restored FSH and E2 hormone secretion level, reduced follicular atresia, and increased sinus follicle numbers in a mouse POF model. The recovery function of CD146 + MSCs in a reproductive assay was slightly improved than that of CD146 - MSCs. Ovary mRNA sequencing data indicated that UC-MSCs therapy improved ovarian endocrine locally, which was through PPAR and cholesterol metabolism pathways. The percentages of CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes were significantly reduced in the POF group compared to the control group. CD146 + MSCs treatment significantly reversed the changes in lymphocyte percentages. Meanwhile, CD146 - MSCs could not improve the decrease in CD4/8 ratio induced by chemotherapy. CONCLUSION UC-MSCs therapy improved premature ovarian failure significantly. CD146 +/- MSCs both had similar therapeutic effects in repairing reproductive ability. CD146 + MSCs had advantages in modulating immunology and cell proliferation characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research Center, The Affiliate Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research Center, The Affiliate Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xu Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research Center, The Affiliate Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Bin Liu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yan Sun
- Yanda Medical Research Institute, Hebei Yanda Hospital, Sanhe, 065201, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Tse Wu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng-Jun Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research Center, The Affiliate Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Skroblyn T, Joedicke JJ, Pfau M, Krüger K, Bourquin JP, Izraeli S, Eckert C, Höpken UE. CXCR4 mediates leukemic cell migration and survival in the testicular microenvironment. J Pathol 2022; 258:12-25. [PMID: 35522562 DOI: 10.1002/path.5924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The testis is the second most frequent extramedullary site of relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The mechanism for B-cell (B) ALL cell migration towards and survival within the testis remains elusive. Here, we identified CXCL12-CXCR4 as the leading signaling axis for B-ALL cell migration and survival in the testicular leukemic niche. We combined analysis of primary human ALL with a novel patient-derived xenograft (PDX)-ALL mouse model with testicular involvement. Prerequisites for leukemic cell infiltration in the testis were pre-pubertal age of the recipient mice, high surface expression of CXCR4 on PDX-ALL cells, and CXCL12 secretion from the testicular stroma. Analysis of primary pediatric patient samples revealed that CXCR4 was the only chemokine receptor being robustly expressed on B-ALL cells both at the time of diagnosis and relapse. In affected patient testes, leukemic cells localized within the interstitial space in close proximity to testicular macrophages. Mouse macrophages isolated from affected testes, in the PDX model, revealed a macrophage polarization towards a M2-like phenotype in the presence of ALL cells. Therapeutically, blockade of CXCR4-mediated functions using an anti-CXCR4 antibody treatment completely abolished testicular infiltration of PDX-ALL cells and strongly impaired the overall development of leukemia. Collectively, we identified a pre-pubertal condition together with high CXCR4 expression as factors affecting the leukemia permissive testicular microenvironment. We propose CXCR4 as a promising target for therapeutic prevention of testicular relapses in childhood B-ALL. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Skroblyn
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, Department of Microenvironmental Regulation in Autoimmunity and Cancer, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-University Medicine, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jara J Joedicke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, Department of Translational Tumorimmunology, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Madlen Pfau
- Charité-University Medicine, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Krüger
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, Department of Microenvironmental Regulation in Autoimmunity and Cancer, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean P Bourquin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shai Izraeli
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tiqva, and Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Cornelia Eckert
- Charité-University Medicine, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, and German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta E Höpken
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, Department of Microenvironmental Regulation in Autoimmunity and Cancer, 13125, Berlin, Germany
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21
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Watt SM. The long and winding road: homeostatic and disordered haematopoietic microenvironmental niches: a narrative review. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2022; 3:31-54. [PMID: 35837343 PMCID: PMC9255786 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic microenvironmental niches have been described as the 'gatekeepers' for the blood and immune systems. These niches change during ontogeny, with the bone marrow becoming the predominant site of haematopoiesis in post-natal life under steady state conditions. To determine the structure and function of different haematopoietic microenvironmental niches, it is essential to clearly define specific haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell subsets during ontogeny and to understand their temporal appearance and anatomical positioning. A variety of haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic cells contribute to haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell niches. The latter is reported to include endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), skeletal stem cells and/or C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12-abundant-reticular cell populations, which form crucial components of these microenvironments under homeostatic conditions. Dysregulation or deterioration of such cells contributes to significant clinical disorders and diseases worldwide and is associated with the ageing process. A critical appraisal of these issues and of the roles of MSC/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12-abundant-reticular cells and the more recently identified skeletal stem cell subsets in bone marrow haematopoietic niche function under homeostatic conditions and during ageing will form the basis of this research review. In the context of haematopoiesis, clinical translation will deal with lessons learned from the vast experience garnered from the development and use of MSC therapies to treat graft versus host disease in the context of allogeneic haematopoietic transplants, the recent application of these MSC therapies to treating emerging and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, and, given that skeletal stem cell ageing is one proposed driver for haematopoietic ageing, the potential contributions of these stem cells to haematopoiesis in healthy bone marrow and the benefits and challenges of using this knowledge for rejuvenating the age-compromised bone marrow haematopoietic niches and restoring haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia,Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia,Corresponding author: Suzanne M. Watt., or
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22
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Cell Surface Proteins for Enrichment and In Vitro Characterization of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Myogenic Progenitors. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:2735414. [PMID: 35251185 PMCID: PMC8894063 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2735414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human myogenic progenitors can be derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) for use in modeling natural and pathological myogenesis, as well as treating muscle diseases. Transgene-free methods of deriving myogenic progenitors from different PSC lines often produce mixed populations that are heterogeneous in myogenic differentiation potential, yet detailed and accurate characterization of human PSC-derived myogenic progenitors remains elusive in the field. The isolation and purification of human PSC-derived myogenic progenitors is thus an important methodological consideration when we investigate the properties and behaviors of these cells in culture. We previously reported a transgene-free, serum-free floating sphere culture method for the derivation of myogenic progenitors from human PSCs. In this study, we first performed comprehensive cell surface protein profiling of the sphere culture cells through the screening of 255 antibodies. Next, we used magnetic activated cell sorting and enriched the cells according to the expression of specific surface markers. The ability of muscle differentiation in the resulting cells was characterized by immunofluorescent labeling and quantification of positively stained cells. Our results revealed that myotube-forming cells resided in the differentiated cultures of CD29+, CD56+, CD271+, and CD15– fractions, while thick and multinucleated myotubes were identified in the differentiated cultures from CD9+ and CD146+ fractions. We found that PAX7 localization to the nucleus correlates with myotube-forming ability in these sorted populations. We also demonstrated that cells in unsorted, CD271+, and CD15– fractions responded differently to cryopreservation and prolonged culture expansion. Lastly, we showed that CD271 expression is essential for terminal differentiation of human PSC-derived myogenic progenitors. Taken together, these cell surface proteins are not only useful markers to identify unique cellular populations in human PSC-derived myogenic progenitors but also functionally important molecules that can provide valuable insight into human myogenesis.
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23
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Zhang J, Chen M, Liao J, Chang C, Liu Y, Padhiar AA, Zhou Y, Zhou G. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Hold Lower Heterogeneity and Great Promise in Biological Research and Clinical Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:716907. [PMID: 34660579 PMCID: PMC8514743 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.716907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) isolated from different tissue sources exhibit multiple biological effects and have shown promising therapeutic effects in a broad range of diseases. In order to fulfill their clinical applications in context of precision medicine, however, more detailed molecular characterization of diverse subgroups and standardized scalable production of certain functional subgroups would be highly desired. Thus far, the generation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MSC (iMSC) seems to provide the unique opportunity to solve most obstacles that currently exist to prevent the broad application of MSC as an advanced medicinal product. The features of iMSC include their single cell clone origins, and defined and controllable cultural conditions for their derivation and proliferation. Still, comprehensive research of the molecular and functional heterogeneity of iMSC, just like MSC from any other tissue types, would be required. Furthered on previous efforts on iMSC differentiation and expansion platform and transcriptomic studies, advantages of single cell multi-omics analysis and other up-to-dated technologies would be taken in order to elucidate the molecular origin and regulation of heterogeneity and to obtain iMSC subgroups homogeneous enough for particular clinical conditions. In this perspective, the current obstacles in MSC applications, the advantages of iMSC over MSC and their implications for biological research and clinical applications will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genomic Stability and Disease Prevention, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Regenerative Technologies for Orthopedic Diseases, Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingzhuang Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genomic Stability and Disease Prevention, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Regenerative Technologies for Orthopedic Diseases, Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | - Yuqing Liu
- Cheerland Danlun Biopharma Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Yan Zhou
- Lungene Biotech Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangqian Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genomic Stability and Disease Prevention, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Regenerative Technologies for Orthopedic Diseases, Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Senotherapeutics Ltd., Hangzhou, China.,Central Laboratory, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen and The Third Affiliated Hospital (Provisional) of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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24
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Venkataiah VS, Yahata Y, Kitagawa A, Inagaki M, Kakiuchi Y, Nakano M, Suzuki S, Handa K, Saito M. Clinical Applications of Cell-Scaffold Constructs for Bone Regeneration Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:2687. [PMID: 34685667 PMCID: PMC8534498 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a process of combining live osteoblast progenitors with a biocompatible scaffold to produce a biological substitute that can integrate into host bone tissue and recover its function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most researched post-natal stem cells because they have self-renewal properties and a multi-differentiation capacity that can give rise to various cell lineages, including osteoblasts. BTE technology utilizes a combination of MSCs and biodegradable scaffold material, which provides a suitable environment for functional bone recovery and has been developed as a therapeutic approach to bone regeneration. Although prior clinical trials of BTE approaches have shown promising results, the regeneration of large bone defects is still an unmet medical need in patients that have suffered a significant loss of bone function. In this present review, we discuss the osteogenic potential of MSCs in bone tissue engineering and propose the use of immature osteoblasts, which can differentiate into osteoblasts upon transplantation, as an alternative cell source for regeneration in large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Suresh Venkataiah
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Yoshio Yahata
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Akira Kitagawa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (M.S.)
- OsteRenatos Ltd., Sendai Capital Tower 2F, 4-10-3 Central, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-0021, Japan
| | - Masahiko Inagaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Nagoya 463-8560, Japan;
| | - Yusuke Kakiuchi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Masato Nakano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Shigeto Suzuki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Keisuke Handa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (M.S.)
- Department of Oral Science, Division of Oral Biochemistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
| | - Masahiro Saito
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (M.S.)
- OsteRenatos Ltd., Sendai Capital Tower 2F, 4-10-3 Central, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-0021, Japan
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25
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Piñeiro-Ramil M, Sanjurjo-Rodríguez C, Rodríguez-Fernández S, Castro-Viñuelas R, Hermida-Gómez T, Blanco-García FJ, Fuentes-Boquete I, Díaz-Prado S. Generation of Mesenchymal Cell Lines Derived from Aged Donors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10667. [PMID: 34639008 PMCID: PMC8508916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the capacity for self-renewal and multi-differentiation, and for this reason they are considered a potential cellular source in regenerative medicine of cartilage and bone. However, research on this field is impaired by the predisposition of primary MSCs to senescence during culture expansion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to generate and characterize immortalized MSC (iMSC) lines from aged donors. Methods: Primary MSCs were immortalized by transduction of simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LT) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Proliferation, senescence, phenotype and multi-differentiation potential of the resulting iMSC lines were analyzed. Results: MSCs proliferate faster than primary MSCs, overcome senescence and are phenotypically similar to primary MSCs. Nevertheless, their multi-differentiation potential is unbalanced towards the osteogenic lineage. There are no clear differences between osteoarthritis (OA) and non-OA iMSCs in terms of proliferation, senescence, phenotype or differentiation potential. Conclusions: Primary MSCs obtained from elderly patients can be immortalized by transduction of SV40LT and hTERT. The high osteogenic potential of iMSCs converts them into an excellent cellular source to take part in in vitro models to study bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Piñeiro-Ramil
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (C.S.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (R.C.-V.); (I.F.-B.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.H.-G.); (F.J.B.-G.)
| | - Clara Sanjurjo-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (C.S.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (R.C.-V.); (I.F.-B.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.H.-G.); (F.J.B.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodríguez-Fernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (C.S.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (R.C.-V.); (I.F.-B.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.H.-G.); (F.J.B.-G.)
| | - Rocío Castro-Viñuelas
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (C.S.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (R.C.-V.); (I.F.-B.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.H.-G.); (F.J.B.-G.)
| | - Tamara Hermida-Gómez
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.H.-G.); (F.J.B.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (UDC-CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Blanco-García
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.H.-G.); (F.J.B.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (UDC-CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Isaac Fuentes-Boquete
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (C.S.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (R.C.-V.); (I.F.-B.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.H.-G.); (F.J.B.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Díaz-Prado
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (M.P.-R.); (C.S.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (R.C.-V.); (I.F.-B.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (T.H.-G.); (F.J.B.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Liu J, Wei X, Hu J, Tan X, Kang X, Gao L, Li N, Shi X, Yuan M, Hu W, Liu M. Different concentrations of C5a affect human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells differentiation. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:470. [PMID: 34560867 PMCID: PMC8464103 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the process of deep decay, when decay approaches the pulp, an immune response is triggered inside the pulp, which activates the complement cascade. The effect of complement component 5a (C5a) on the differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) is related to dentin reparation. The aim of the present study was to stimulate DPSCs with different concentrations of C5a and evaluate the differentiation of odontoblasts using dentin sialoprotein (DSP). Methods DPSCs were divided into the following six groups: (i) Control; (ii) DPSCs treated with 50 ng/ml C5a; (iii) DPSCs treated with 100 ng/ml C5a; (iv) DPSCs treated with 200 ng/ml C5a; (v) DPSCs treated with 300 ng/ml C5a; and (vi) DPSCs treated with 400 ng/ml C5a. Flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation potential were used to identify DPSCs. Mineralization induction, Real-time PCR and Western blot were conducted to evaluate the differentiation of odontoblast in the 6 groups. Result DPSCs can express mesenchymal stem cell markers, including CD105, CD90, CD73 and, a less common marker, mesenchymal stromal cell antigen-1. In addition, DPSCs can differentiate into adipocytes, neurocytes, chondrocytes and odontoblasts. All six groups formed mineralized nodules after 28 days of culture. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting indicated that the high concentration C5a groups expressed higher DSP levels and promoted DPSC differentiation, whereas the low concentration C5a groups displayed an inhibitory effect. Conclusion In this study, the increasing concentration of C5a, which accompanies the immune process in the dental pulp, has demonstrated an enhancing effect on odontoblast differentiation at higher C5a concentrations in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlong Hu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Tan
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocui Kang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengtong Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Ministry of Education, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Boller LA, Shiels SM, Florian DC, Peck SH, Schoenecker JG, Duvall C, Wenke JC, Guelcher SA. Effects of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite concentration and skeletal site on bone and cartilage formation in rats. Acta Biomater 2021; 130:485-496. [PMID: 34129957 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most fractures heal by a combination of endochondral and intramembranous ossification dependent upon strain and vascularity at the fracture site. Many biomaterials-based bone regeneration strategies rely on the use of calcium phosphates such as nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHA) to create bone-like scaffolds. In this study, nHA was dispersed in reactive polymers to form composite scaffolds that were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Matrix assays, immunofluorescent staining, and Western blots demonstrated that nHA influenced mineralization and subsequent osteogenesis in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Furthermore, nHA dispersed in polymeric composites promoted osteogenesis by a similar mechanism as particulated nHA. Scaffolds were implanted into a 2-mm defect in the femoral diaphysis or metaphysis of Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate new bone formation at 4 and 8 weeks. Two formulations were tested: a poly(thioketal urethane) scaffold without nHA (PTKUR) and a PTKUR scaffold augmented with 22 wt% nHA (22nHA). The scaffolds supported new bone formation in both anatomic sites. In the metaphysis, augmentation of scaffolds with nHA promoted an intramembranous healing response. Within the diaphysis, nHA inhibited endochondral ossification. Immunohistochemistry was performed on cryo-sections of the bone/scaffold interface in which CD146, CD31, Endomucin, CD68, and Myeloperoxidase were evaluated. No significant differences in the infiltrating cell populations were observed. These findings suggest that nHA dispersed in polymeric composites induces osteogenic differentiation of adherent endogenous cells, which has skeletal site-specific effects on fracture healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the mechanism by which synthetic scaffolds promote new bone formation in preclinical models is crucial for bone regeneration applications in the clinic where complex fracture cases are seen. In this study, we found that dispersion of nHA in polymeric scaffolds promoted in vitro osteogenesis in a dose-dependent manner through activation of the PiT1 receptor and subsequent downstream Erk1/2 signaling. While augmentation of polymeric scaffolds with nHA enhanced intramembranous ossification in metaphyseal defects, it inhibited endochondral ossification in diaphyseal defects. Thus, our findings provide new insights into designing synthetic bone grafts that complement the skeletal site-specific fracture healing response.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Bioactive Factors, and Scaffolds in Bone Repair: From Research Perspectives to Clinical Practice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081925. [PMID: 34440694 PMCID: PMC8392210 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies are promising tools for bone tissue regeneration. However, tracking cells and maintaining them in the site of injury is difficult. A potential solution is to seed the cells onto a biocompatible scaffold. Construct development in bone tissue engineering is a complex step-by-step process with many variables to be optimized, such as stem cell source, osteogenic molecular factors, scaffold design, and an appropriate in vivo animal model. In this review, an MSC-based tissue engineering approach for bone repair is reported. Firstly, MSC role in bone formation and regeneration is detailed. Secondly, MSC-based bone tissue biomaterial design is analyzed from a research perspective. Finally, examples of animal preclinical and human clinical trials involving MSCs and scaffolds in bone repair are presented.
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29
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Scioli MG, Storti G, Bielli A, Sanchez M, Scimeca M, Gimble JM, Cervelli V, Orlandi A. CD146 expression regulates osteochondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:589-602. [PMID: 34287857 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to develop innovative approaches to repair tissue defects. The use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in tissue regeneration was extensively investigated for osteochondrogenesis. Among the ASC population, ASCs expressing the CD146 were demonstrated to be multipotent and considered as perivascular stem cells, although the functional role of CD146 expression in these cells remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the influence of CD146 expression on osteochondrogenic differentiation of ASCs. Our results showed that, in two-dimensional culture systems, sorted CD146+ ASCs proliferated less and displayed higher adipogenic and chondrogenic potential than CD146- ASCs. The latter demonstrated a higher osteogenic capacity. Besides this, CD146+ ASCs in three-dimensional Matrigel/endothelial growth medium (EGM) cultures showed the highest angiogenic capability. When cultured in three-dimensional collagen scaffolds, CD146+ ASCs showed a spontaneous chondrogenic differentiation, further enhanced by the EGM medium's addition. Finally, CD146- ASCs seeded on hexafluoroisopropanol silk scaffolds displayed a greater spontaneous osteogenetic capacity. Altogether, these findings demonstrated a functional and relevant influence of CD146 expression in ASC properties and osteochondrogenic commitment. Exploiting the combination of specific differentiation properties of ASC subpopulations and appropriate culture systems could represent a promising strategy to improve the efficacy of new regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Storti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bielli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Sanchez
- Major Equipments and Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Valerio Cervelli
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Tirana, Albania
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Cartilage from human-induced pluripotent stem cells: comparison with neo-cartilage from chondrocytes and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:309-320. [PMID: 34241697 PMCID: PMC8557148 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage has little intrinsic capacity for repair, so transplantation of exogenous cartilage cells is considered a realistic option for cartilage regeneration. We explored whether human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could represent such unlimited cell sources for neo-cartilage comparable to human primary articular chondrocytes (hPACs) or human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs). For this, chondroprogenitor cells (hiCPCs) and hiPSC-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hiMSCs) were generated from two independent hiPSC lines and characterized by morphology, flow cytometry, and differentiation potential. Chondrogenesis was compared to hBMSCs and hPACs by histology, immunohistochemistry, and RT-qPCR, while similarities were estimated based on Pearson correlations using a panel of 20 relevant genes. Our data show successful differentiations of hiPSC into hiMSCs and hiCPCs. Characteristic hBMSC markers were shared between hBMSCs and hiMSCs, with the exception of CD146 and CD45. However, neo-cartilage generated from hiMSCs showed low resemblances when compared to hBMSCs (53%) and hPACs (39%) characterized by lower collagen type 2 and higher collagen type 1 expression. Contrarily, hiCPC neo-cartilage generated neo-cartilage more similar to hPACs (65%), with stronger expression of matrix deposition markers. Our study shows that taking a stepwise approach to generate neo-cartilage from hiPSCs via chondroprogenitor cells results in strong similarities to neo-cartilage of hPACs within 3 weeks following chondrogenesis, making them a potential candidate for regenerative therapies. Contrarily, neo-cartilage deposited by hiMSCs seems more prone to hypertrophic characteristics compared to hPACs. We therefore compared chondrocytes derived from hiMSCs and hiCPCs with hPACs and hBMSCs to outline similarities and differences between their neo-cartilage and establish their potential suitability for regenerative medicine and disease modelling.
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31
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Wilson AJ, Rand E, Webster AJ, Genever PG. Characterisation of mesenchymal stromal cells in clinical trial reports: analysis of published descriptors. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:360. [PMID: 34158116 PMCID: PMC8220718 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells are the most widely used cell therapy to date. They are heterogeneous, with variations in growth potential, differentiation capacity and protein expression profile depending on tissue source and production process. Nomenclature and defining characteristics have been debated for almost 20 years, yet the generic term 'MSC' is used to cover a wide range of cellular phenotypes. Against a documented lack of definition of cellular populations used in clinical trials, our study evaluated the extent of characterisation of the cellular population or study drug. METHODS A literature search of clinical trials involving mesenchymal stem/stromal cells was refined to 84 papers upon application of pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data were extracted covering background trial information including location, phase, indication, tissue source and details of clinical cell population characterisation (expression of surface markers, viability, differentiation assays and potency/functionality assays). Descriptive statistics were applied, and tests of association between groups were explored using Fisher's exact test for count data with simulated p value. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies (33.3%) include no characterisation data. Forty-five (53.6%) reported average values per marker for all cell lots used in the trial, and 11 (13.1%) studies included individual values per cell lot. Viability was reported in 57% of studies. Differentiation was discussed: osteogenesis (29% of papers), adipogenesis (27%), and chondrogenesis (20%) and other functional assays arose in 7 papers (8%). The extent of characterisation was not related to the clinical phase of development. Assessment of functionality was very limited and did not always relate to the likely mechanism of action. CONCLUSIONS The extent of characterisation was poor and variable. Our findings concur with those in other fields including bone marrow aspirate and platelet-rich plasma therapy. We discuss the potential implications of these findings for the use of mesenchymal stem or stromal cells in regenerative medicine, and the importance of characterisation for transparency and comparability of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Wilson
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Emma Rand
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Andrew J Webster
- Science and Technology Studies Unit, Department of Sociology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Paul G Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Key Markers and Epigenetic Modifications of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:5521715. [PMID: 34046069 PMCID: PMC8128613 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5521715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel research hotspot in tissue regeneration, dental-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are famous for their accessibility, multipotent differentiation ability, and high proliferation. However, cellular heterogeneity is a major obstacle to the clinical application of dental-derived MSCs. Here, we reviewed the heterogeneity of dental-derived MSCs firstly and then discussed the key markers and epigenetic modifications related to the proliferation, differentiation, immunomodulation, and aging of dental-derived MSCs. These messages help to control the composition and function of dental-derived MSCs and thus accelerate the translation of cell therapy into clinical practice.
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33
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Kowal JM, Möller S, Ali D, Figeac F, Barington T, Schmal H, Kassem M. Identification of a clinical signature predictive of differentiation fate of human bone marrow stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:265. [PMID: 33941262 PMCID: PMC8091554 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) is a promising therapy for bone regeneration due to their ability to differentiate into bone forming osteoblastic cells. However, transplanted hBMSCs exhibit variable capacity for bone formation resulting in inconsistent clinical outcome. The aim of the study was to identify a set of donor- and cell-related characteristics that detect hBMSCs with optimal osteoblastic differentiation capacity. METHODS We collected hBMSCs from 58 patients undergoing surgery for bone fracture. Clinical profile of the donors and in vitro characteristics of cultured hBMSCs were included in uni- and multivariable analysis to determine their predictive value for osteoblastic versus adipocytic differentiation capacity assessed by quantification of mineralized matrix and mature adipocyte formation, respectively. RESULTS We identified a signature that explained > 50% of variation in osteoblastic differentiation outcome which included the following positive predictors: donor sex (male), absence of osteoporosis diagnosis, intake of vitamin D supplements, higher fraction of CD146+, and alkaline phosphate (ALP+) cells. With the exception of vitamin D and ALP+ cells, these variables were also negative predictors of adipocytic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Using a combination of clinical and cellular criteria, it is possible to predict differentiation outcome of hBMSCs. This signature may be helpful in selecting donor cells in clinical trials of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Magdalena Kowal
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. .,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Sören Möller
- OPEN - Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dalia Ali
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Florence Figeac
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Torben Barington
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Expression of CD146 and Regenerative Cytokines by Human Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells upon Expansion in Different GMP-Compliant Media. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6662201. [PMID: 33868409 PMCID: PMC8035028 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6662201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been successfully employed in clinical applications. In most studies, autologous MSCs from the bone marrow (bmMSCs) were used, and others employed autologous adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs). Recently, clinical feasibility studies provided evidence that MSCs from human term placenta (pMSCs) can be used for homologous therapy facilitating access to regenerative cells in emergency situations, when autologous cells are not available or not suitable. We therefore investigated the expression of MSC stemness marker CD146 and the expression of neuro- and myoregenerative cytokines by human pMSCs after expansion in three different media compliant with good manufacturing protocols (GMP) in comparison to pMSCs expanded in a commercial MSC expansion media. To replace xenobiotic serum in the GMP-compliant media employed in this study, either human serum, human serum plus platelet lysate (PLL), or human plasma plus PLL was used. We report that enrichment of media with PLL accelerates pMSC proliferation but reduces the expression of the stemness marker CD146 significantly, while PLL deprivation enhanced the CD146 expression. In contrast, the reduced expression of CD146 by PLL deprivation was not observed on bmMSCs. The expression of the cytokines investigated was not modulated significantly by PLL. We conclude that accelerated expansion of pMSCs in GMP-compliant media enriched by PLL reduces the expression of stemness marker CD146, but does not influence the expression of neuro- and myoregenerative cytokines.
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35
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Diar-Bakirly S, El-Bialy T. Human gingival fibroblasts: Isolation, characterization, and evaluation of CD146 expression. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2518-2526. [PMID: 33911963 PMCID: PMC8071911 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingival fibroblasts (GFs) that exhibit adult stem cell-like characteristics are known as gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Specific mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers have not been identified to distinguish GMSCs from GFs. Recently, the cell surface molecule known as cluster of differentiation (CD) 146 has been identified as a potential MSC surface marker. In the present study, we investigated the differentiation potential of GMSCs based on CD146 expression. GFs were isolated by two techniques: tissue explants or enzymatic digestion. GFs were cultured and expanded then magnetically sorted according to CD146 expression. CD146low and CD146high cells were collected, expanded, and then tested for stem cell markers by flow cytometry as well as osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential. The differentiation of these cells was analyzed after 21 days using histology, immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) to DNA ratio (GAG/DNA) assays. Positive histological staining indicated osteogenic differentiation of all groups regardless of the isolation techniques utilized. However, none of the groups demonstrated chondrogenic differentiation, confirmed by the lack of collagen type II in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of GF aggregates. Our data suggest that identification of gingival stem cells based solely on CD146 is not sufficient to properly carry out translational research using gingival fibroblasts for novel therapeutic methods of treating oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Diar-Bakirly
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry - University of Alberta, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 7-020D Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, Canada
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Bajetto A, Thellung S, Dellacasagrande I, Pagano A, Barbieri F, Florio T. Cross talk between mesenchymal and glioblastoma stem cells: Communication beyond controversies. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:1310-1330. [PMID: 32543030 PMCID: PMC7581451 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from bone marrow or other adult tissues (adipose tissue, dental pulp, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord). In vitro, MSCs grow as adherent cells, display fibroblast-like morphology, and self-renew, undergoing specific mesodermal differentiation. High heterogeneity of MSCs from different origin, and differences in preparation techniques, make difficult to uniform their functional properties for therapeutic purposes. Immunomodulatory, migratory, and differentiation ability, fueled clinical MSC application in regenerative medicine, whereas beneficial effects are currently mainly ascribed to their secretome and extracellular vesicles. MSC translational potential in cancer therapy exploits putative anti-tumor activity and inherent tropism toward tumor sites to deliver cytotoxic drugs. However, controversial results emerged evaluating either the therapeutic potential or homing efficiency of MSCs, as both antitumor and protumor effects were reported. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor and its development and aggressive nature is sustained by cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the identification of effective therapeutic is required. MSC dualistic action, tumor-promoting or tumor-targeting, is dependent on secreted factors and extracellular vesicles driving a complex cross talk between MSCs and GBM CSCs. Tumor-tropic ability of MSCs, besides providing an alternative therapeutic approach, could represent a tool to understand the biology of GBM CSCs and related paracrine mechanisms, underpinning MSC-GBM interactions. In this review, recent findings on the complex nature of MSCs will be highlighted, focusing on their elusive impact on GBM progression and aggressiveness by direct cell-cell interaction and via secretome, also facing the perspectives and challenges in treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Bajetto
- Dipartimento di Medicina InternaUniversità di GenovaGenovaItaly
| | | | | | - Aldo Pagano
- Dipartimento di Medicina SperimentaleUniversità di GenovaGenovaItaly
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenovaItaly
| | | | - Tullio Florio
- Dipartimento di Medicina InternaUniversità di GenovaGenovaItaly
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenovaItaly
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Vessel Wall-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Share Similar Differentiation Potential and Immunomodulatory Properties with Bone Marrow-Derived Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8847038. [PMID: 33144864 PMCID: PMC7596426 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8847038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study is aimed at investigating the phenotype, differentiation potential, immunomodulatory properties, and responsiveness of saphenous vein vessel wall-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (SV-MSCs) to various TLR ligands and proinflammatory cytokines, as well as comparing their features to those of their bone marrow-derived counterparts (BM-MSCs). Methods SV-MSCs were isolated by enzymatic digestion of the saphenous vein vessel wall. Phenotype analysis was carried out by flow cytometry and microscopy, whereas adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic differentiation potentials were tested in in vitro assays. For comparative analysis, the expression of different stemness, proliferation, and differentiation-related genes was determined by Affymetrix gene array. To compare the immunomodulatory properties of SV-MSCs and BM-MSCs, mixed lymphocyte reaction was applied. To investigate their responses to various activating stimuli, MSCs were treated with TLR ligands (LPS, PolyI:C) or proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IFNγ), and the expression of various early innate immune response-related genes was assessed by qPCR, while secretion of selected cytokines and chemokines was measured by ELISA. Results The isolated SV-MSCs were able to differentiate into bone, fat, and cartilage cells/direction in vitro. SV-MSCs expressed the most important MSC markers (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105) and shared almost identical phenotypic characteristics with BM-MSCs. Their gene expression pattern and activation pathways were close to those of BM-MSCs. SV-MSCs showed better immunosuppressive activity inhibiting phytohemagglutinin-induced T lymphocyte proliferation in vitro than BM-MSCs. Cellular responses to treatments mimicking inflammatory conditions were comparable in the bone marrow- and saphenous vein-derived MSCs. Namely, similar to BM-MSCs, SV-MSCs secreted increased amount of IL-6 and IL-8 after 12- or 24-hour treatment with LPS, PolyI:C, TNFα, or IL-1β, compared to untreated controls. Interestingly, a different CXCL-10/IP-10 secretion pattern could be observed under inflammatory conditions in the two types of MSCs. Conclusion Based on our results, cells isolated from saphenous vein vessel wall fulfilled the ISCT's (International Society for Cellular Therapy) criteria for multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, and no significant differences in the phenotype, gene expression pattern, and responsiveness to inflammatory stimuli could be observed between BM-MSCs and SV-MSCs, while the latter cells have more potent immunosuppressive activity in vitro. Further functional assays have to be performed to reveal whether SV-MSCs could be useful for certain regenerative therapeutic applications or tissue engineering purposes.
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Morsing M, Kim J, Villadsen R, Goldhammer N, Jafari A, Kassem M, Petersen OW, Rønnov-Jessen L. Fibroblasts direct differentiation of human breast epithelial progenitors. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:102. [PMID: 32993755 PMCID: PMC7526135 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer arises within specific regions in the human breast referred to as the terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). These are relatively dynamic structures characterized by sex hormone driven cyclic epithelial turnover. TDLUs consist of unique parenchymal entities embedded within a fibroblast-rich lobular stroma. Here, we established and characterized a new human breast lobular fibroblast cell line against its interlobular counterpart with a view to assessing the role of region-specific stromal cues in the control of TDLU dynamics. METHODS Primary lobular and interlobular fibroblasts were transduced to express human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Differentiation of the established cell lines along lobular and interlobular pathways was determined by immunocytochemical staining and genome-wide RNA sequencing. Their functional properties were further characterized by analysis of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation repertoire in culture and in vivo. The cells' physiological relevance for parenchymal differentiation was examined in heterotypic co-culture with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-purified normal breast primary luminal or myoepithelial progenitors. The co-cultures were immunostained for quantitative assessment of epithelial branching morphogenesis, polarization, growth, and luminal epithelial maturation. In extension, myoepithelial progenitors were tested for luminal differentiation capacity in culture and in mouse xenografts. To unravel the significance of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-mediated crosstalk in TDLU-like morphogenesis and differentiation, fibroblasts were incubated with the TGF-β signaling inhibitor, SB431542, prior to heterotypic co-culture with luminal cells. RESULTS hTERT immortalized fibroblast cell lines retained critical phenotypic traits in culture and linked to primary fibroblasts. Cell culture assays and transplantation to mice showed that the origin of fibroblasts determines TDLU-like and ductal-like differentiation of epithelial progenitors. Whereas lobular fibroblasts supported a high level of branching morphogenesis by luminal cells, interlobular fibroblasts supported ductal-like myoepithelial characteristics. TDLU-like morphogenesis, at least in part, relied on intact TGF-β signaling. CONCLUSIONS The significance of the most prominent cell type in normal breast stroma, the fibroblast, in directing epithelial differentiation is largely unknown. Through establishment of lobular and interlobular fibroblast cell lines, we here demonstrate that epithelial progenitors are submitted to stromal cues for site-specific differentiation. Our findings lend credence to considering stromal subtleties of crucial importance in the development of normal breast and, in turn, breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Morsing
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Present Address: Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René Villadsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadine Goldhammer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ole William Petersen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Rønnov-Jessen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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de Barros SC, Suterwala BT, He C, Ge S, Chick B, Blumberg GK, Kim K, Klein S, Zhu Y, Wang X, Casero D, Crooks GM. Pleiotropic Roles of VEGF in the Microenvironment of the Developing Thymus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:2423-2436. [PMID: 32989093 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal life marks the apogee of murine thymic growth. Over the first few days after birth, growth slows and the murine thymus switches from fetal to adult morphology and function; little is known about the cues driving this dramatic transition. In this study, we show for the first time (to our knowledge) the critical role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on thymic morphogenesis beyond its well-known role in angiogenesis. During a brief window a few days after birth, VEGF inhibition induced rapid and profound remodeling of the endothelial, mesenchymal and epithelial thymic stromal compartments, mimicking changes seen during early adult maturation. Rapid transcriptional changes were seen in each compartment after VEGF inhibition, including genes involved in migration, chemotaxis, and cell adhesion as well as induction of a proinflammatory and proadipogenic signature in endothelium, pericytes, and mesenchyme. Thymocyte numbers fell subsequent to the stromal changes. Expression patterns and functional blockade of the receptors VEGFR2 and NRP1 demonstrated that VEGF mediates its pleiotropic effects through distinct receptors on each microenvironmental compartment of the developing mouse thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C de Barros
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Batul T Suterwala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Chongbin He
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Shundi Ge
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Brent Chick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Garrett K Blumberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Kenneth Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Sam Klein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Yuhua Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - David Casero
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Gay M Crooks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095; .,Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095; and.,Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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Walter SG, Randau TM, Hilgers C, Haddouti EM, Masson W, Gravius S, Burger C, Wirtz DC, Schildberg FA. Molecular and Functional Phenotypes of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Depend on Harvesting Techniques. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124382. [PMID: 32575596 PMCID: PMC7352273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) harvested in different tissues from the same donor exhibit different phenotypes. Each phenotype is not only characterized by a certain pattern of cell surface markers, but also different cellular functionalities. Only recently were different harvesting and processing techniques found to contribute to this phenomenon as well. This study was therefore set up to investigate proteomic and functional properties of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSC). These were taken from the same tissue and donor site but harvested either as aspirate or bone chip cultures. Both MSC populations were profiled for MSC markers defined by the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT), MSC markers currently under discussion and markers of particular interest. While classic ISCT MSC markers did not show any significant difference between aspirate and outgrowth hBM-MSCs, our additional characterization panel revealed distinct patterns of differentially expressed markers. Furthermore, hBM-MSCs from aspirate cultures demonstrated a significantly higher osteogenic differentiation potential than outgrowth MSCs, which could be confirmed using a transcriptional approach. Our comparison of MSC phenotypes obtained by different harvesting techniques suggests the need of future standardized harvesting, processing and phenotyping procedures in order to gain better comparability in the MSC field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian G. Walter
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
- Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas M. Randau
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Cäcilia Hilgers
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
| | - El-Mustapha Haddouti
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Werner Masson
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Sascha Gravius
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim of University Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christof Burger
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Dieter C. Wirtz
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Frank A. Schildberg
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.G.W.); (T.M.R.); (C.H.); (E.-M.H.); (W.M.); (S.G.); (C.B.); (D.C.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Vodyanoy V, Pustovyy O, Globa L, Kulesza RJ, Sorokulova I. Hemmule: A Novel Structure with the Properties of the Stem Cell Niche. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020539. [PMID: 31947705 PMCID: PMC7013657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are nurtured and regulated by a specialized microenvironment known as stem cell niche. While the functions of the niches are well defined, their structure and location remain unclear. We have identified, in rat bone marrow, the seat of hematopoietic stem cells—extensively vascularized node-like compartments that fit the requirements for stem cell niche and that we called hemmules. Hemmules are round or oval structures of about one millimeter in diameter that are surrounded by a fine capsule, have afferent and efferent vessels, are filled with the extracellular matrix and mesenchymal, hematopoietic, endothelial stem cells, and contain cells of the megakaryocyte family, which are known for homeostatic quiescence and contribution to the bone marrow environment. We propose that hemmules are the long sought hematopoietic stem cell niches and that they are prototypical of stem cell niches in other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Vodyanoy
- Department Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (O.P.); (L.G.); (I.S.)
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-334-826-9894
| | - Oleg Pustovyy
- Department Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (O.P.); (L.G.); (I.S.)
| | - Ludmila Globa
- Department Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (O.P.); (L.G.); (I.S.)
| | - Randy J. Kulesza
- Department of Anatomy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA 16509, USA;
| | - Iryna Sorokulova
- Department Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (O.P.); (L.G.); (I.S.)
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Lee D, Kim DW, Cho JY. Role of growth factors in hematopoietic stem cell niche. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 36:131-144. [PMID: 31897822 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) produce new blood cells everyday throughout life, which is maintained by the self-renewal and differentiation ability of HSCs. This is not controlled by the HSCs alone, but rather by the complex and exquisite microenvironment surrounding the HSCs, which is called the bone marrow niche and consists of various bone marrow cells, growth factors, and cytokines. It is essential to understand the characteristic role of the stem cell niche and the growth factors in the niche formation. In this review, we describe the role of the bone marrow niche and factors for niche homeostasis, and also summarize the latest research related to stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea.
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Piñeiro-Ramil M, Sanjurjo-Rodríguez C, Castro-Viñuelas R, Rodríguez-Fernández S, Fuentes-Boquete I, Blanco F, Díaz-Prado S. Usefulness of Mesenchymal Cell Lines for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Research. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6286. [PMID: 31847077 PMCID: PMC6940884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The unavailability of sufficient numbers of human primary cells is a major roadblock for in vitro repair of bone and/or cartilage, and for performing disease modelling experiments. Immortalized mesenchymal stromal cells (iMSCs) may be employed as a research tool for avoiding these problems. The purpose of this review was to revise the available literature on the characteristics of the iMSC lines, paying special attention to the maintenance of the phenotype of the primary cells from which they were derived, and whether they are effectively useful for in vitro disease modeling and cell therapy purposes. This review was performed by searching on Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases from 1 January 2015 to 30 September 2019. The keywords used were ALL = (mesenchymal AND ("cell line" OR immortal*) AND (cartilage OR chondrogenesis OR bone OR osteogenesis) AND human). Only original research studies in which a human iMSC line was employed for osteogenesis or chondrogenesis experiments were included. After describing the success of the immortalization protocol, we focused on the iMSCs maintenance of the parental phenotype and multipotency. According to the literature revised, it seems that the maintenance of these characteristics is not guaranteed by immortalization, and that careful selection and validation of clones with particular characteristics is necessary for taking advantage of the full potential of iMSC to be employed in bone and cartilage-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Piñeiro-Ramil
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - C. Sanjurjo-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - R. Castro-Viñuelas
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - S. Rodríguez-Fernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - I.M. Fuentes-Boquete
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - F.J. Blanco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - S.M. Díaz-Prado
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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Kowal JM, Schmal H, Halekoh U, Hjelmborg JB, Kassem M. Single-cell high-content imaging parameters predict functional phenotype of cultured human bone marrow stromal stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 9:189-202. [PMID: 31758755 PMCID: PMC6988772 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultured human bone marrow stromal (mesenchymal) stem cells (hBM-MSCs) are heterogenous cell populations exhibiting variable biological properties. Quantitative high-content imaging technology allows identification of morphological markers at a single cell resolution that are determinant for cellular functions. We determined the morphological characteristics of cultured primary hBM-MSCs and examined their predictive value for hBM-MSC functionality. BM-MSCs were isolated from 56 donors and characterized for their proliferative and differentiation potential. We correlated these data with cellular and nuclear morphological features determined by Operetta; a high-content imaging system. Cell area, cell geometry, and nucleus geometry of cultured hBM-MSCs exhibited significant correlation with expression of hBM-MSC membrane markers: ALP, CD146, and CD271. Proliferation capacity correlated negatively with cell and nucleus area and positively with cytoskeleton texture features. In addition, in vitro differentiation to osteoblasts as well as in vivo heterotopic bone formation was associated with decreased ratio of nucleus width to length. Multivariable analysis applying a stability selection procedure identified nuclear geometry and texture as predictors for hBM-MSCs differentiation potential to osteoblasts or adipocytes. Our data demonstrate that by employing a limited number of cell morphological characteristics, it is possible to predict the functional phenotype of cultured hBM-MSCs and thus can be used as a screening test for "quality" of hBM-MSCs prior their use in clinical protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna M Kowal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Halekoh
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jacob B Hjelmborg
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Stem Cell Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
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45
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Li X, Guo W, Zha K, Jing X, Wang M, Zhang Y, Hao C, Gao S, Chen M, Yuan Z, Wang Z, Zhang X, Shen S, Li H, Zhang B, Xian H, Zhang Y, Sui X, Qin L, Peng J, Liu S, Lu S, Guo Q. Enrichment of CD146 + Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Combination with Articular Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Scaffold Promotes Cartilage Regeneration. Theranostics 2019; 9:5105-5121. [PMID: 31410204 PMCID: PMC6691381 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) influences the cell therapy outcome and the application in tissue engineering. Also, the application of subpopulations of MSCs in cartilage regeneration remains poorly characterized. CD146+ MSCs are identified as the natural ancestors of MSCs and the expression of CD146 are indicative of greater pluripotency and self-renewal potential. Here, we sorted a CD146+ subpopulation from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) for cartilage regeneration. Methods: CD146+ ADSCs were sorted using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). Cell surface markers, viability, apoptosis and proliferation were evaluated in vitro. The molecular signatures were analyzed by mRNA and protein expression profiling. By intra-articular injections of cells in a rat osteochondral defect model, we assessed the role of the specific subpopulation in cartilage microenvironment. Finally, CD146+ ADSCs were combined with articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ACECM) scaffold for long term (3, 6 months) cartilage repair. Results: The enriched CD146+ ADSCs showed a high expression of stem cell and pericyte markers, good viability, and immune characteristics to avoid allogeneic rejection. Gene and protein expression profiles revealed that the CD146+ ADSCs had different cellular functions especially in regulation inflammation. In a rat model, CD146+ ADSCs showed a better inflammation-modulating property in the early stage of intra-articular injections. Importantly, CD146+ ADSCs exhibited good biocompatibility with the ACECM scaffold and the CD146+ cell-scaffold composites produced less subcutaneous inflammation. The combination of CD146+ ADSCs with ACECM scaffold can promote better cartilage regeneration in the long term. Conclusion: Our data elucidated the function of the CD146+ ADSC subpopulation, established their role in promoting cartilage repair, and highlighted the significance of cell subpopulations as a novel therapeutic for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kangkang Zha
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaoguang Jing
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Chunxiang Hao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Center for Biomedical Material and Tissue Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingxue Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhenyong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shi Shen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Haojiang Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hai Xian
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shibi Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries,PLA; 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
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Wangler S, Menzel U, Li Z, Ma J, Hoppe S, Benneker LM, Alini M, Grad S, Peroglio M. CD146/MCAM distinguishes stem cell subpopulations with distinct migration and regenerative potential in degenerative intervertebral discs. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1094-1105. [PMID: 31002939 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) subpopulation migrating towards a degenerated intervertebral disc (IVD) and to assess its regenerative potential. DESIGN Based on initial screening for migration towards C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), the migration potential of CD146+ and CD146- mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was evaluated in vitro and in a degenerated organ culture model (degeneration by high-frequency loading in a bioreactor). Discogenic differentiation potential of CD146+ and CD146- MSCs was investigated by in vitro pellet culture assay with supplementation of growth and differentiation factor-6 (GDF6). Furthermore, trypsin degenerated IVDs were treated by either homing or injection of CD146+ or CD146- MSCs and glycosaminoglycan synthesis was evaluated by Sulphur 35 incorporation after 35 days of culture. RESULTS Surface expression of CD146 led to a higher number of migrated MSCs both in vitro and in organ culture. CD146+ and CD146- pellets responded with a similar up-regulation of anabolic markers. A higher production of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG)/DNA was observed for CD146+ pellets, while in organ cultures, sGAG synthesis rate was higher for IVDs treated with CD146- MSCs by either homing or injection. CONCLUSIONS The CD146+ MSC subpopulation held greater migration potential towards degenerative IVDs, while the CD146- cells induced a stronger regenerative response in the resident IVD cells. These findings were independent of the application route (injection vs migration). From a translational point of view, our data suggests that CD146+ MSCs may be suitable for re-population, while CD146- MSCs may represent the primary choice for stimulation of endogenous IVD cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wangler
- AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - U Menzel
- AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland.
| | - Z Li
- AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland.
| | - J Ma
- AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland.
| | - S Hoppe
- Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | - M Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland.
| | - S Grad
- AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland.
| | - M Peroglio
- AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland.
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47
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Kozlowska U, Krawczenko A, Futoma K, Jurek T, Rorat M, Patrzalek D, Klimczak A. Similarities and differences between mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells derived from various human tissues. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:347-374. [PMID: 31293717 PMCID: PMC6600850 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i6.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) constitute a promising tool in regenerative medicine and can be isolated from different human tissues. However, their biological properties are still not fully characterized. Whereas MSCs from different tissue exhibit many common characteristics, their biological activity and some markers are different and depend on their tissue of origin. Understanding the factors that underlie MSC biology should constitute important points for consideration for researchers interested in clinical MSC application.
AIM To characterize the biological activity of MSCs during longterm culture isolated from: bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue (AT-MSCs), skeletal muscles (SM-MSCs), and skin (SK-MSCs).
METHODS MSCs were isolated from the tissues, cultured for 10 passages, and assessed for: phenotype with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, multipotency with differentiation capacity for osteo-, chondro-, and adipogenesis, stemness markers with qPCR for mRNA for Sox2 and Oct4, and genetic stability for p53 and c-Myc; 27 bioactive factors were screened using the multiplex ELISA array, and spontaneous fusion involving a co-culture of SM-MSCs with BM-MSCs or AT-MSCs stained with PKH26 (red) or PKH67 (green) was performed.
RESULTS All MSCs showed the basic MSC phenotype; however, their expression decreased during the follow-up period, as confirmed by fluorescence intensity. The examined MSCs express CD146 marker associated with proangiogenic properties; however their expression decreased in AT-MSCs and SM-MSCs, but was maintained in BM-MSCs. In contrast, in SK-MSCs CD146 expression increased in late passages. All MSCs, except BM-MSCs, expressed PW1, a marker associated with differentiation capacity and apoptosis. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs expressed stemness markers Sox2 and Oct4 in long-term culture. All MSCs showed a stable p53 and c-Myc expression. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs maintained their differentiation capacity during the follow-up period. In contrast, SK-MSCs and SM-MSCs had a limited ability to differentiate into adipocytes. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs revealed similarities in phenotype maintenance, capacity for multilineage differentiation, and secretion of bioactive factors. Because AT-MSCs fused with SM-MSCs as effectively as BM-MSCs, AT-MSCs may constitute an alternative source for BM-MSCs.
CONCLUSION Long-term culture affects the biological activity of MSCs obtained from various tissues. The source of MSCs and number of passages are important considerations in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kozlowska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krawczenko
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Futoma
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jurek
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-345, Poland
| | - Marta Rorat
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-345, Poland
| | - Dariusz Patrzalek
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-367, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Klimczak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland
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48
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Oldershaw R, Owens WA, Sutherland R, Linney M, Liddle R, Magana L, Lash GE, Gill JH, Richardson G, Meeson A. Human Cardiac-Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Like Cells, a Novel Cell Population with Therapeutic Potential. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:593-607. [PMID: 30803370 PMCID: PMC6486668 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac stem/progenitors are being used in the clinic to treat patients with a range of cardiac pathologies. However, improvements in heart function following treatment have been reported to be variable, with some showing no response. This discrepancy in response remains unresolved. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been highlighted as a regenerative tool as these cells display both immunomodulatory and proregenerative activities. The purpose of this study was to derive a cardiac MSC population to provide an alternative/support to current therapies. We derived human cardiac-mesenchymal stem cell-like cells (CMSCLC), so named as they share some MSC characteristics. However, CMSCLC lack the MSC trilineage differentiation capacity, being capable of only rare adipogenic differentiation and demonstrating low/no osteogenic or chondrogenic potential, a phenotype that may have advantages following transplantation. Furthermore, CMSCLC expressed low levels of p16, high levels of MHCI, and low levels of MHCII. A lack of senescent cells would also be advantageous for cells to be used therapeutically, as would the ability to modulate the immune response. Crucially, CMSCLC display a transcriptional profile that includes genes associated with cardioprotective/cardiobeneficial effects. CMSCLC are also secretory and multipotent, giving rise to cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. Our findings support CMSCLC as a novel cell population suitable for use for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Oldershaw
- 1 Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W Andrew Owens
- 2 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Sutherland
- 2 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Linney
- 2 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Liddle
- 2 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lissette Magana
- 2 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Gendie E Lash
- 4 Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jason H Gill
- 5 The Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northern Institute for Cancer Research (NICR), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Richardson
- 2 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Annette Meeson
- 2 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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49
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Merryweather-Clarke AT, Cook D, Lara BJ, Hua P, Repapi E, Ashley N, Lim SY, Watt SM. Does osteogenic potential of clonal human bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells correlate with their vascular supportive ability? Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:351. [PMID: 30567594 PMCID: PMC6300038 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBM MSCs) have multiple functions, critical for skeletal formation and function. Their functional heterogeneity, however, represents a major challenge for their isolation and in developing potency and release assays to predict their functionality prior to transplantation. Additionally, potency, biomarker profiles and defining mechanisms of action in a particular clinical setting are increasing requirements of Regulatory Agencies for release of hBM MSCs as Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products for cellular therapies. Since the healing of bone fractures depends on the coupling of new blood vessel formation with osteogenesis, we hypothesised that a correlation between the osteogenic and vascular supportive potential of individual hBM MSC-derived CFU-F (colony forming unit-fibroblastoid) clones might exist. METHODS We tested this by assessing the lineage (i.e. adipogenic (A), osteogenic (O) and/or chondrogenic (C)) potential of individual hBM MSC-derived CFU-F clones and determining if their osteogenic (O) potential correlated with their vascular supportive profile in vitro using lineage differentiation assays, endothelial-hBM MSC vascular co-culture assays and transcriptomic (RNAseq) analyses. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that the majority of CFU-F (95%) possessed tri-lineage, bi-lineage or uni-lineage osteogenic capacity, with 64% of the CFU-F exhibiting tri-lineage AOC potential. We found a correlation between the osteogenic and vascular tubule supportive activity of CFU-F clones, with the strength of this association being donor dependent. RNAseq of individual clones defined gene fingerprints relevant to this correlation. CONCLUSIONS This study identified a donor-dependent correlation between osteogenic and vascular supportive potential of hBM MSCs and important gene signatures that support these functions that are relevant to their bone regenerative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison T. Merryweather-Clarke
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - David Cook
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Barbara Joo Lara
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Peng Hua
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Emmanouela Repapi
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Neil Ashley
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Shiang Y. Lim
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 Australia
- O’Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 Australia
| | - Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
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50
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Comparative effect of platelet-rich plasma, platelet-poor plasma, and fetal bovine serum on the proliferative response of periodontal ligament cell subpopulations. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:2455-2463. [PMID: 30311062 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2637-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cell-based therapies involve the need to expand cell cultures ex vivo for their subsequent implantation in an autologous manner. An important limitation regarding this technology is the use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) that has critical safety limitations. Platelet-derived fractions represent an autologous source of growth factors that may be used for the expansion of these cell cultures. Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells comprise a heterogeneous cell population that may not necessarily respond in a uniform manner to proliferative stimuli. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of two platelet-derived fractions, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and FBS on the proliferative response of different subpopulations of PDL cell cultures. MATERIALS AND METHODS PDL cells were characterized and then exposed to PRP, PPP, or FBS during 2, 5, or 14 days to analyze cell proliferation and clonogenic capability. Cell proliferation was evaluated through immunofluorescence for Ki67 and by tracing carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dye in combination with mesenchymal stem cell markers using flow cytometry. RESULTS Both PRP and PPP stimulated PDL cell proliferation and their clonogenic ability. We found a significant increase of CD73- and CD90-positive cells after PRP or PPP treatment, compared to FBS. Otherwise, no differences were found regarding the response of CD146-or CD105-positive cells when stimulated with PRP, PPP, or FBS. CONCLUSION PRP and PPP can stimulate the proliferation and clonogenicity of PDL cell populations including cells positive for CD90 and CD73 markers. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings may have implications for future therapies aiming to stimulate periodontal regeneration using autologous growth factors.
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