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Gunasekaran M, Littel HR, Wells NM, Turner J, Campos G, Venigalla S, Estrella EA, Ghosh PS, Daugherty AL, Stafki SA, Kunkel LM, Foley AR, Donkervoort S, Bönnemann CG, Toledo-Bravo de Laguna L, Nascimento A, Benito DND, Draper I, Bruels CC, Pacak CA, Kang PB. Effects of HMGCR deficiency on skeletal muscle development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.06.591934. [PMID: 38903061 PMCID: PMC11188090 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.06.591934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in HMGCR were recently linked to a limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) phenotype. The protein product HMG CoA reductase (HMGCR) catalyzes a key component of the cholesterol synthesis pathway. The two other muscle diseases associated with HMGCR, statin-associated myopathy (SAM) and autoimmune anti-HMGCR myopathy, are not inherited in a Mendelian pattern. The mechanism linking pathogenic variants in HMGCR with skeletal muscle dysfunction is unclear. We knocked down Hmgcr in mouse skeletal myoblasts, knocked down hmgcr in Drosophila, and expressed three pathogenic HMGCR variants (c.1327C>T, p.Arg443Trp; c.1522_1524delTCT, p.Ser508del; and c.1621G>A, p.Ala541Thr) in Hmgcr knockdown mouse myoblasts. Hmgcr deficiency was associated with decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, and impaired myotube fusion. Transcriptome sequencing of Hmgcr knockdown versus control myoblasts revealed differential expression involving mitochondrial function, with corresponding differences in cellular oxygen consumption rates. Both ubiquitous and muscle-specific knockdown of hmgcr in Drosophila led to lethality. Overexpression of reference HMGCR cDNA rescued myotube fusion in knockdown cells, whereas overexpression of the pathogenic variants of HMGCR cDNA did not. These results suggest that the three HMGCR-related muscle diseases share disease mechanisms related to skeletal muscle development.
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Dowling P, Trollet C, Negroni E, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. How Can Proteomics Help to Elucidate the Pathophysiological Crosstalk in Muscular Dystrophy and Associated Multi-System Dysfunction? Proteomes 2024; 12:4. [PMID: 38250815 PMCID: PMC10801633 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This perspective article is concerned with the question of how proteomics, which is a core technique of systems biology that is deeply embedded in the multi-omics field of modern bioresearch, can help us better understand the molecular pathogenesis of complex diseases. As an illustrative example of a monogenetic disorder that primarily affects the neuromuscular system but is characterized by a plethora of multi-system pathophysiological alterations, the muscle-wasting disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy was examined. Recent achievements in the field of dystrophinopathy research are described with special reference to the proteome-wide complexity of neuromuscular changes and body-wide alterations/adaptations. Based on a description of the current applications of top-down versus bottom-up proteomic approaches and their technical challenges, future systems biological approaches are outlined. The envisaged holistic and integromic bioanalysis would encompass the integration of diverse omics-type studies including inter- and intra-proteomics as the core disciplines for systematic protein evaluations, with sophisticated biomolecular analyses, including physiology, molecular biology, biochemistry and histochemistry. Integrated proteomic findings promise to be instrumental in improving our detailed knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms and multi-system dysfunction, widening the available biomarker signature of dystrophinopathy for improved diagnostic/prognostic procedures, and advancing the identification of novel therapeutic targets to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland;
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Capucine Trollet
- Center for Research in Myology U974, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Myology Institute, 75013 Paris, France; (C.T.); (E.N.)
| | - Elisa Negroni
- Center for Research in Myology U974, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Myology Institute, 75013 Paris, France; (C.T.); (E.N.)
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, D53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland;
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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3
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Krishna S, Quindry JC, Valentine RJ, Selsby JT. The Interaction of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Insulin Resistance. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2024; 52:31-38. [PMID: 38126403 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by deficiency of functional dystrophin protein, is a fatal, progressive muscle disease that frequently includes metabolic dysregulation. Herein, we explore the physiologic consequences of dystrophin deficiency within the context of obesity and insulin resistance. We hypothesized that dystrophin deficiency increases the frequency of insulin resistance, and insulin resistance potentiates muscle pathology caused by dystrophin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathy Krishna
- Departments of Animal Science and Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - John C Quindry
- School of Integrative Physiology and Athletic Training, University of Montana, Missoula, MT
| | - Rudy J Valentine
- Departments of Animal Science and Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - Joshua T Selsby
- Departments of Animal Science and Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
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Krishna S, Echevarria KG, Reed CH, Eo H, Wintzinger M, Quattrocelli M, Valentine RJ, Selsby JT. A fat- and sucrose-enriched diet causes metabolic alterations in mdx mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R692-R711. [PMID: 37811713 PMCID: PMC11178302 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00246.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a progressive muscle disease caused by the absence of functional dystrophin protein, is associated with multiple cellular, physiological, and metabolic dysfunctions. As an added complication to the primary insult, obesity/insulin resistance (O/IR) is frequently reported in patients with DMD; however, how IR impacts disease severity is unknown. We hypothesized a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) would induce O/IR, exacerbate disease severity, and cause metabolic alterations in dystrophic mice. To test this hypothesis, we treated 7-wk-old mdx (disease model) and C57 mice with a control diet (CD) or an HFHSD for 15 wk. The HFHSD induced insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and hyperglycemia in C57 and mdx mice. Of note, mdx mice on CD were also insulin resistant. In addition, visceral adipose tissue weights were increased with HFHSD in C57 and mdx mice though differed by genotype. Serum creatine kinase activity and histopathological analyses using Masson's trichrome staining in the diaphragm indicated muscle damage was driven by dystrophin deficiency but was not augmented by diet. In addition, markers of inflammatory signaling, mitochondrial abundance, and autophagy were impacted by disease but not diet. Despite this, in addition to disease signatures in CD-fed mice, metabolomic and lipidomic analyses demonstrated a HFHSD caused some common changes in C57 and mdx mice and some unique signatures of O/IR within the context of dystrophin deficiency. In total, these data revealed that in mdx mice, 15 wk of HFHSD did not overtly exacerbate muscle injury but further impaired the metabolic status of dystrophic muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathy Krishna
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | | | - Carter H Reed
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | - Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | - Michelle Wintzinger
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Rudy J Valentine
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | - Joshua T Selsby
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States
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5
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Norris AM, Appu AB, Johnson CD, Zhou LY, McKellar DW, Renault MA, Hammers D, Cosgrove BD, Kopinke D. Hedgehog signaling via its ligand DHH acts as cell fate determinant during skeletal muscle regeneration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3766. [PMID: 37355632 PMCID: PMC10290686 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39506-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful muscle regeneration relies on the interplay of multiple cell populations. However, the signals required for this coordinated intercellular crosstalk remain largely unknown. Here, we describe how the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway controls the fate of fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), the cellular origin of intramuscular fat (IMAT) and fibrotic scar tissue. Using conditional mutagenesis and pharmacological Hh modulators in vivo and in vitro, we identify DHH as the key ligand that acts as a potent adipogenic brake by preventing the adipogenic differentiation of FAPs. Hh signaling also impacts muscle regeneration, albeit indirectly through induction of myogenic factors in FAPs. Our results also indicate that ectopic and sustained Hh activation forces FAPs to adopt a fibrogenic fate resulting in widespread fibrosis. In this work, we reveal crucial post-developmental functions of Hh signaling in balancing tissue regeneration and fatty fibrosis. Moreover, they provide the exciting possibility that mis-regulation of the Hh pathway with age and disease could be a major driver of pathological IMAT formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra M Norris
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ambili Bai Appu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Connor D Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lylybell Y Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David W McKellar
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Marie-Ange Renault
- Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - David Hammers
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin D Cosgrove
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Bukas C, Galter I, da Silva-Buttkus P, Fuchs H, Maier H, Gailus-Durner V, Müller CL, Hrabě de Angelis M, Piraud M, Spielmann N. Echo2Pheno: a deep-learning application to uncover echocardiographic phenotypes in conscious mice. Mamm Genome 2023; 34:200-215. [PMID: 37221250 PMCID: PMC10290584 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-023-09996-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Echocardiography, a rapid and cost-effective imaging technique, assesses cardiac function and structure. Despite its popularity in cardiovascular medicine and clinical research, image-derived phenotypic measurements are manually performed, requiring expert knowledge and training. Notwithstanding great progress in deep-learning applications in small animal echocardiography, the focus has so far only been on images of anesthetized rodents. We present here a new algorithm specifically designed for echocardiograms acquired in conscious mice called Echo2Pheno, an automatic statistical learning workflow for analyzing and interpreting high-throughput non-anesthetized transthoracic murine echocardiographic images in the presence of genetic knockouts. Echo2Pheno comprises a neural network module for echocardiographic image analysis and phenotypic measurements, including a statistical hypothesis-testing framework for assessing phenotypic differences between populations. Using 2159 images of 16 different knockout mouse strains of the German Mouse Clinic, Echo2Pheno accurately confirms known cardiovascular genotype-phenotype relationships (e.g., Dystrophin) and discovers novel genes (e.g., CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 6-like, Cnot6l, and synaptotagmin-like protein 4, Sytl4), which cause altered cardiovascular phenotypes, as verified by H&E-stained histological images. Echo2Pheno provides an important step toward automatic end-to-end learning for linking echocardiographic readouts to cardiovascular phenotypes of interest in conscious mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bukas
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Isabella Galter
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia da Silva-Buttkus
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Holger Maier
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian L Müller
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Statistics, LMU München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute, New York, USA
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Marie Piraud
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Spielmann
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
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7
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Sun Z, Wang X, White Z, Dormuth C, Morales F, Bernatchez P. Dyslipidemia in Muscular Dystrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Neuromuscul Dis 2023:JND230064. [PMID: 37182897 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-230064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are characterized by chronic muscle wasting but also poorly understood metabolic co-morbidities. We have recently shown that Duchenne MD (DMD) patients, dogs and asymptomatic carriers are affected by a new form of dyslipidemia that may exacerbate muscle damage. OBJECTIVE We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis for evidence that other types of MDs are associated with dyslipidemia compared to healthy controls. METHODS Search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for reports that compare plasma/serum lipids from MD patients and controls, and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies quantifying total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and triglycerides was performed. RESULTS Out of 749 studies, 17 met our inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. 14 of the 17 studies (82% ) included investigated myotonic dystrophy (DM); other studies were on pseudohypertrophic MD (PMD) or DMD. As a whole, MD individuals had significantly higher levels of circulating total cholesterol (Hedges' g with 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 [0.03 - 1.56]; p = 0.04) and triglycerides (Hedges' g with 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.28[0.63 - 3.92]; p = 0.01) compared to controls. Meta-regression analysis showed the percentage of male gender was significantly associated with the difference in total cholesterol (beta = 0.05; 95% CI, - 0.02 to 0.11; p = 0.043) and high-density lipoprotein (beta = - 9.38; 95% CI, - 16.26 to - 2.50; p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS MD is associated with significantly higher circulating levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides. However, caution on the interpretation of these findings is warranted and future longitudinal research is required to better understand this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeren Sun
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Xindi Wang
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zoe White
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Colin Dormuth
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Fernando Morales
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud (INISA), Universidad de Costa Rica, SanJosé, Costa Rica
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
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Gambardella J, Fiordelisi A, Cerasuolo FA, Buonaiuto A, Avvisato R, Viti A, Sommella E, Merciai F, Salviati E, Campiglia P, D’Argenio V, Parisi S, Bianco A, Spinelli L, Di Vaia E, Cuocolo A, Pisani A, Riccio E, Di Risi T, Ciccarelli M, Santulli G, Sorriento D, Iaccarino G. Experimental evidence and clinical implications of Warburg effect in the skeletal muscle of Fabry disease. iScience 2023; 26:106074. [PMID: 36879801 PMCID: PMC9984560 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SM) pain and fatigue are common in Fabry disease (FD). Here, we undertook the investigation of the energetic mechanisms related to FD-SM phenotype. A reduced tolerance to aerobic activity and lactate accumulation occurred in FD-mice and patients. Accordingly, in murine FD-SM we detected an increase in fast/glycolytic fibers, mirrored by glycolysis upregulation. In FD-patients, we confirmed a high glycolytic rate and the underutilization of lipids as fuel. In the quest for a tentative mechanism, we found HIF-1 upregulated in FD-mice and patients. This finding goes with miR-17 upregulation that is responsible for metabolic remodeling and HIF-1 accumulation. Accordingly, miR-17 antagomir inhibited HIF-1 accumulation, reverting the metabolic-remodeling in FD-cells. Our findings unveil a Warburg effect in FD, an anaerobic-glycolytic switch under normoxia induced by miR-17-mediated HIF-1 upregulation. Exercise-intolerance, blood-lactate increase, and the underlying miR-17/HIF-1 pathway may become useful therapeutic targets and diagnostic/monitoring tools in FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Fiordelisi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonietta Buonaiuto
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Avvisato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Viti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Valeria D’Argenio
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- CEINGE- Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Parisi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianco
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Letizia Spinelli
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Di Vaia
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Cuocolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Riccio
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Le H, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Cholesterol: An Important Determinant of Muscle Atrophy in Astronauts. JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE 2023; 6:67-79. [PMID: 37006714 PMCID: PMC10062007 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Since cholesterol is not routinely measured in astronauts before and after their return from space, there is no data on the role of blood cholesterol level in muscle atrophy and microgravity. Since the first moon landing, aerospace medicine became outdated and has not pushed boundaries like its rocket engineering counterpart. Since the 2019 astronaut twin study, there has yet to be another scientific breakthrough for aerospace medicine. Microgravity-induced muscle atrophy is the most known consequence of spaceflight. Yet, so far, there is no therapeutic solution to prevent it or any real efforts in understanding it on a cellular or molecular level. The most obvious reason to this unprecedented level of research is due to the small cohort of astronauts. With the establishment of private space industries and exponential recruitment of astronauts, there is more reason to push forward spaceflight-related health guidelines and ensure the safety of the brave humans who risk their lives for the progression of mankind. Spaceflight is considered the most challenging job and the failure to prevent injury or harm should be considered reckless negligence by the institutions that actively prevented sophistication of aerospace medicine. In this critical review, role of cholesterol is analyzed across the NASA-established parameters of microgravity-induced muscle atrophy with a focus on potential therapeutic targets for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoangvi Le
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
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10
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Donen G, Milad N, Bernatchez P. Humanization of the mdx Mouse Phenotype for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Modeling: A Metabolic Perspective. J Neuromuscul Dis 2023; 10:1003-1012. [PMID: 37574742 PMCID: PMC10657711 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-230126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe form of muscular dystrophy (MD) that is characterized by early muscle wasting and lethal cardiorespiratory failure. While the mdx mouse is the most common model of DMD, it fails to replicate the severe loss of muscle mass and other complications observed in patients, in part due to the multiple rescue pathways found in mice. This led to several attempts at improving DMD animal models by interfering with these rescue pathways through double transgenic approaches, resulting in more severe phenotypes with mixed relevance to the human pathology. As a growing body of literature depicts DMD as a multi-system metabolic disease, improvements in mdx-based modeling of DMD may be achieved by modulating whole-body metabolism instead of muscle homeostasis. This review provides an overview of the established dual-transgenic approaches that exacerbate the mild mdx phenotype by primarily interfering with muscle homeostasis and highlights how advances in DMD modeling coincide with inducing whole-body metabolic changes. We focus on the DBA2/J strain-based D2.mdx mouse with heightened transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling and the dyslipidemic mdx/apolipoprotein E (mdx/ApoE) knock-out (KO) mouse, and summarize how these novel models emulate the metabolic changes observed in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Correspondence to: Dr. Pascal Bernatchez, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences mall, room 217, Vancouver BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada. Tel.: +1 604 806 8346 /Ext.66060; E-mail:
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11
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Dubuisson N, Versele R, Planchon C, Selvais CM, Noel L, Abou-Samra M, Davis-López de Carrizosa MA. Histological Methods to Assess Skeletal Muscle Degeneration and Regeneration in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16080. [PMID: 36555721 PMCID: PMC9786356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disease caused by the loss of function of the protein dystrophin. This protein contributes to the stabilisation of striated cells during contraction, as it anchors the cytoskeleton with components of the extracellular matrix through the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC). Moreover, absence of the functional protein affects the expression and function of proteins within the DAPC, leading to molecular events responsible for myofibre damage, muscle weakening, disability and, eventually, premature death. Presently, there is no cure for DMD, but different treatments help manage some of the symptoms. Advances in genetic and exon-skipping therapies are the most promising intervention, the safety and efficiency of which are tested in animal models. In addition to in vivo functional tests, ex vivo molecular evaluation aids assess to what extent the therapy has contributed to the regenerative process. In this regard, the later advances in microscopy and image acquisition systems and the current expansion of antibodies for immunohistological evaluation together with the development of different spectrum fluorescent dyes have made histology a crucial tool. Nevertheless, the complexity of the molecular events that take place in dystrophic muscles, together with the rise of a multitude of markers for each of the phases of the process, makes the histological assessment a challenging task. Therefore, here, we summarise and explain the rationale behind different histological techniques used in the literature to assess degeneration and regeneration in the field of dystrophinopathies, focusing especially on those related to DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dubuisson
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Center, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (CUSL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Romain Versele
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chloé Planchon
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille M. Selvais
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Noel
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Abou-Samra
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - María A. Davis-López de Carrizosa
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
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12
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White Z, Sun Z, Sauge E, Cox D, Donen G, Pechkovsky D, Straub V, Francis GA, Bernatchez P. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B causes HDL-C abnormalities in patients and statin-resistant muscle wasting in dysferlin-deficient mice. Skelet Muscle 2022; 12:25. [PMID: 36447272 PMCID: PMC9706908 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-022-00308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (MD) type 2B (LGMD2B) and Duchenne MD (DMD) are caused by mutations to the Dysferlin and Dystrophin genes, respectively. We have recently demonstrated in typically mild dysferlin- and dystrophin-deficient mouse models that increased plasma cholesterol levels severely exacerbate muscle wasting, and that DMD patients display primary dyslipidemia characterized by elevated plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. Herein, we investigate lipoprotein abnormalities in LGMD2B and if statin therapy protects dysferlin-deficient mice (Dysf) from muscle damage. Herein, lipoproteins and liver enzymes from LGMD2B patients and dysferlin-null (Dysf) mice were analyzed. Simvastatin, which exhibits anti-muscle wasting effects in mouse models of DMD and corrects aberrant expression of key markers of lipid metabolism and endogenous cholesterol synthesis, was tested in Dysf mice. Muscle damage and fibrosis were assessed by immunohistochemistry and cholesterol signalling pathways via Western blot. LGMD2B patients show reduced serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to healthy controls and exhibit a greater prevalence of abnormal total cholesterol (CHOL)/HDL-C ratios despite an absence of liver dysfunction. While Dysf mice presented with reduced CHOL and associated HDL-C and LDL-C-associated fractions, simvastatin treatment did not prevent muscle wasting in quadriceps and triceps muscle groups or correct aberrant low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) protein expression. LGMD2B patients present with reduced serum concentrations of HDL-C, a major metabolic comorbidity, and as a result, statin therapy is unlikely to prevent muscle wasting in this population. We propose that like DMD, LGMD2B should be considered as a new type of genetic dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe White
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), 217-2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada ,grid.416553.00000 0000 8589 2327UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zeren Sun
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), 217-2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada ,grid.416553.00000 0000 8589 2327UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Elodie Sauge
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), 217-2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada ,grid.416553.00000 0000 8589 2327UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dan Cox
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Graham Donen
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), 217-2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada ,grid.416553.00000 0000 8589 2327UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dmitri Pechkovsky
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), 217-2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada ,grid.416553.00000 0000 8589 2327UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Volker Straub
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gordon A. Francis
- grid.416553.00000 0000 8589 2327UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), 217-2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada ,grid.416553.00000 0000 8589 2327UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
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13
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Donen GS, White Z, Sauge E, Ritso M, Theret M, Boyd J, Devlin AM, Rossi FMV, Bernatchez P. Thermoneutral Housing and a Western Diet Combination Exacerbates Dysferlin-Deficient Muscular Dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2022; 66:513-522. [PMID: 35859452 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Most mouse models of muscular dystrophy (MD) show mild phenotypes, which limits the translatability of experimental therapies to patients. A growing body of evidence suggests that MD is accompanied by metabolic abnormalities that could potentially exacerbate the primary muscle wasting process. Since thermoneutral (TN) housing of mice (~30°C) has been shown to affect many metabolic parameters, particularly when combined with a Western diet (WD), our aim was to determine whether the combination of TN and WD exacerbates muscle wasting in dysferlin-deficient BLAJ mice, a common model of limb-girdle MD type 2b (LGMD2b). METHODS Two-month-old wild-type (WT) and BLAJ mice were housed at TN or room temperature (RT) and fed a WD or regular chow for 9 months. Ambulatory function, muscle histology, and protein immunoblots of skeletal muscle were assessed. RESULTS BLAJ mice at RT and fed a chow diet showed normal ambulation function similar to WT mice, whereas 90 % of BLAJ mice under WD and TN combination showed ambulatory dysfunction (P<0.001), and an up to 4.1-fold increase in quadriceps and gastrocnemius fat infiltration. Western blotting revealed decreased autophagy marker microtubules-associated protein 1 light chain 3-B (LC3BII/LC3BI) ratio and up-regulation of AKT and ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) phosphorylation, suggesting inefficient cellular debris and protein clearance in TN BLAJ mice fed a WD. Male and female BLAJ mice under TN and WD combination showed heterogenous fibro-fatty infiltrate composition. DISCUSSION TN and WD combination exacerbates rodent LGMD2b without affecting WT mice. This improves rodent modeling of human MD and helps elucidate how metabolic abnormalities may play a causal role in muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham S Donen
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zoe White
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Elodie Sauge
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Morten Ritso
- The Biomedical Research Centre, UBC, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marine Theret
- The Biomedical Research Centre, UBC, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, Canada
| | - John Boyd
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Angela M Devlin
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- The Biomedical Research Centre, UBC, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
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14
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Johnson CD, Zhou LY, Kopinke D. A Guide to Examining Intramuscular Fat Formation and its Cellular Origin in Skeletal Muscle. JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS : JOVE 2022:10.3791/63996. [PMID: 35695517 PMCID: PMC9741761 DOI: 10.3791/63996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are mesenchymal stromal cells that play a crucial role during skeletal muscle homeostasis and regeneration. FAPs build and maintain the extracellular matrix that acts as a molecular myofiber scaffold. In addition, FAPs are indispensable for myofiber regeneration as they secrete a multitude of beneficial factors sensed by the muscle stem cells (MuSCs). In diseased states, however, FAPs are the cellular origin of intramuscular fat and fibrotic scar tissue. This fatty fibrosis is a hallmark of sarcopenia and neuromuscular diseases, such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. One significant barrier in determining why and how FAPs differentiate into intramuscular fat is effective preservation and subsequent visualization of adipocytes, especially in frozen tissue sections. Conventional methods of skeletal muscle tissue processing, such as snap-freezing, do not properly preserve the morphology of individual adipocytes, thereby preventing accurate visualization and quantification. To overcome this hurdle, a rigorous protocol was developed that preserves adipocyte morphology in skeletal muscle sections allowing visualization, imaging, and quantification of intramuscular fat. The protocol also outlines how to process a portion of muscle tissue for RT-qPCR, enabling users to confirm observed changes in fat formation by viewing differences in the expression of adipogenic genes. Additionally, it can be adapted to visualize adipocytes by whole-mount immunofluorescence of muscle samples. Finally, this protocol outlines how to perform genetic lineage tracing of Pdgfrα-expressing FAPs to study the adipogenic conversion of FAPs. This protocol consistently yields high-resolution and morphologically accurate immunofluorescent images of adipocytes, along with confirmation by RT-qPCR, allowing for robust, rigorous, and reproducible visualization and quantification of intramuscular fat. Together, the analysis pipeline described here is the first step to improving our understanding of how FAPs differentiate into intramuscular fat, and provides a framework to validate novel interventions to prevent fat formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor D. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine
| | - Lylybell Y. Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine
| | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine,Myology Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine
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15
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Zhao H, Ji Q, Wu Z, Wang S, Ren J, Yan K, Wang Z, Hu J, Chu Q, Hu H, Cai Y, Wang Q, Huang D, Ji Z, Li J, Belmonte JCI, Song M, Zhang W, Qu J, Liu GH. Destabilizing heterochromatin by APOE mediates senescence. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:303-316. [PMID: 35368774 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00186-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a component of lipoprotein particles that function in the homeostasis of cholesterol and other lipids. Although APOE is genetically associated with human longevity and Alzheimer's disease, its mechanistic role in aging is largely unknown. Here, we used human genetic, stress-induced and physiological cellular aging models to explore APOE-driven processes in stem cell homeostasis and aging. We report that in aged human mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), APOE accumulation is a driver for cellular senescence. By contrast, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion of APOE endows human MPCs with resistance to cellular senescence. Mechanistically, we discovered that APOE functions as a destabilizer for heterochromatin. Specifically, increased APOE leads to the degradation of nuclear lamina proteins and a heterochromatin-associated protein KRAB-associated protein 1 via the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, thereby disrupting heterochromatin and causing senescence. Altogether, our findings uncover a role of APOE as an epigenetic mediator of senescence and provide potential targets to ameliorate aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qianzhao Ji
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zeming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Si Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chongqing Renji Hospital, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Ren
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
| | - Kaowen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianli Hu
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yusheng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
| | - Daoyuan Huang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhejun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Moshi Song
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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16
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Podkalicka P, Mucha O, Kaziród K, Szade K, Stępniewski J, Ivanishchuk L, Hirao H, Pośpiech E, Józkowicz A, Kupiec-Weglinski JW, Dulak J, Łoboda A. miR-378 affects metabolic disturbances in the mdx model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3945. [PMID: 35273230 PMCID: PMC8913680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07868-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) primarily affects muscle tissues, the alterations to systemic metabolism manifested in DMD patients contribute to the severe phenotype of this fatal disorder. We propose that microRNA-378a (miR-378) alters carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in dystrophic mdx mice. In our study, we utilized double knockout animals which lacked both dystrophin and miR-378 (mdx/miR-378-/-). RNA sequencing of the liver identified 561 and 194 differentially expressed genes that distinguished mdx versus wild-type (WT) and mdx/miR-378-/- versus mdx counterparts, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis predicted, among others, carbohydrate metabolism disorder in dystrophic mice, as functionally proven by impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The lack of miR-378 in mdx animals mitigated those effects with a faster glucose clearance in a glucose tolerance test (GTT) and normalization of liver glycogen levels. The absence of miR-378 also restored the expression of genes regulating lipid homeostasis, such as Acly, Fasn, Gpam, Pnpla3, and Scd1. In conclusion, we report for the first time that miR-378 loss results in increased systemic metabolism of mdx mice. Together with our previous finding, demonstrating alleviation of the muscle-related symptoms of DMD, we propose that the inhibition of miR-378 may represent a new strategy to attenuate the multifaceted symptoms of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Podkalicka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Mucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kaziród
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szade
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Stępniewski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Liudmyla Ivanishchuk
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Hirofumi Hirao
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ewelina Pośpiech
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy W Kupiec-Weglinski
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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17
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White Z, Theret M, Milad N, Tung LW, Chen WWH, Sirois MG, Rossi F, Bernatchez P. Cholesterol absorption blocker ezetimibe prevents muscle wasting in severe dysferlin-deficient and mdx mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:544-560. [PMID: 34927367 PMCID: PMC8818667 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscular dystrophy (MD) causes muscle wasting and is often lethal in patients due to a lack of proven therapies. In contrast, mouse models of MD are notoriously mild. We have previously shown severe human-like muscle pathology in mdx [Duchenne MD (DMD)] and dysferlin-deficient limb-girdle MD type 2B (LGMD2B) mice by inactivating the gene encoding for apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a lipid transporter synthesized by the liver, brain and adipocytes to regulate lipid and fat metabolism. Having recently established that human DMD is a novel type of primary genetic dyslipidaemia with elevated cholesterol, we sought to determine whether cholesterol could exacerbate the muscle wasting process observed in severe rodent MD. METHODS Severe mdx and dysferlin knock-out mice lacking ApoE were treated with ezetimibe (15 mg/kg/day), a clinically approved drug exhibiting few pleiotropic effects. In separate studies, dietary cholesterol was raised (from 0.2% to 2% cholesterol) in combination with experimental micro-injury and direct cholesterol injection assays. Muscles were assessed histologically for changes in collagen and adipocyte infiltration and both transcriptomic and cellular changes by RNA-seq and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. RESULTS Treatment of severe DMD and LGMD2B mice with ezetimibe completely prevented clinical signs of ambulatory dysfunction (0% incidence vs. 33% for vehicle treatment; P < 0.05). Histological analyses revealed that ezetimibe-reduced fibro-fatty infiltration up to 84% and 63% in severely affected triceps (P ≤ 0.0001) and gastrocnemius (P ≤ 0.003) muscles, resulting in a respective 1.9-fold and 2.2-fold retention of healthy myofibre area (P ≤ 0.0001). Additionally, raising dietary cholesterol and thus concentrations of plasma low-density lipoprotein-associated cholesterol (by 250%; P < 0.0001) reduced overall survivability (by 100%; P < 0.001) and worsened muscle damage in the LGMD2B triceps by 767% (P < 0.03). Micro-pin-induced mechanical injury in LGMD2B mice fed a high cholesterol diet exacerbated muscle damage by 425% (P < 0.03) and increased macrophage recruitment (by 98%; P = 0.03) compared with those injured on a chow diet. Parallel RNA-seq analyses revealed that injury in cholesterol-fed mice also modulated the expression of 3671 transcripts (1953 up-regulated), with fibrogenic, inflammatory and programmed cell death-associated pathways among the most enriched. Mice lacking dysferlin also displayed heightened muscle necrosis (by 123%; P < 0.0001) following a direct intramuscular injection of cholesterol compared with control mice. CONCLUSIONS Cholesterol exacerbates rodent MD. Specific inhibition of cholesterol absorption with ezetimibe may safely attenuate human MD severity and delay death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe White
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marine Theret
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nadia Milad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lin Wei Tung
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William Wei-Han Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin G Sirois
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fabio Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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18
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Sun Z, Xu D, Zhao L, Li X, Li S, Huang X, Li C, Sun L, Liu B, Jiang Z, Zhang L. A new therapeutic effect of fenofibrate in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: The promotion of myostatin degradation. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1237-1250. [PMID: 34553378 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a degenerative muscle disease with no effective drug treatment. This study investigated the positive effects of fenofibrate on dystrophic muscles. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Myostatin expression in serum and muscle tissue of DMD patients and mdx mice were tested. Primary myoblasts isolated from mdx mice were challenged with an inflammatory stimulus and treated with fenofibrate. In animal experiments, 6-week-old male mdx mice were treated with fenofibrate (100 mg/kg) administered orally once per day for 6 weeks. Tests of muscle function plus histology and biochemical analyses of serum were conducted to evaluate the effects of fenofibrate. The expressions of myostatin, MuRF1, and atrogin-1 in skeletal muscle were evaluated by Western blotting and real-time PCR. Total and oxidative myosin heavy chain (MHC) were assessed via immunofluorescence. KEY RESULTS Increased expression of myostatin protein was found in dystrophic muscle of DMD patients and mdx mice. Fenofibrate enhanced myofibre differentiation by downregulating the expression of myostatin protein but not mRNA in primary myoblasts of mdx mice. Fenofibrate significantly improved muscle function while ameliorating muscle damage in mdx mice. These benefits are accompanied by an anti-inflammatory effect. Fenofibrate treatment returned myofibre function by inhibiting the expressions of myostatin, MuRF1, and atrogin-1 protein in the gastrocnemius muscle and diaphragm, while leaving the mRNA level of myostatin unaffected. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Fenofibrate substantially slows muscle dystrophy by promoting the degradation of myostatin protein, which may indicate a new therapeutic focus for DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeren Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengqiu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xihua Li
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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White Z, Milad N, Sellers SL, Bernatchez P. Effect of Dysferlin Deficiency on Atherosclerosis and Plasma Lipoprotein Composition Under Normal and Hyperlipidemic Conditions. Front Physiol 2021; 12:675322. [PMID: 34366880 PMCID: PMC8339577 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.675322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysferlinopathies are a group of muscle disorders caused by mutations to dysferlin, a transmembrane protein involved in membrane patching events following physical damage to skeletal myofibers. We documented dysferlin expression in vascular tissues including non-muscle endothelial cells, suggesting that blood vessels may have an endogenous repair system that helps promote vascular homeostasis. To test this hypothesis, we generated dysferlin-null mice lacking apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a common model of atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia and endothelial injury when stressed with a high fat, and cholesterol-rich diet. Despite high dysferlin expression in mouse and human atheromatous plaques, loss of dysferlin did not affect atherosclerotic burden as measured in the aortic root, arch, thoracic, and abdominal aortic regions. Interestingly, we observed that dysferlin-null mice exhibit lower plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than their WT controls at all measured stages of the disease process. Western blotting revealed abundant dysferlin expression in protein extracts from mouse livers, the main regulator of plasma lipoprotein levels. Despite abnormal lipoprotein levels, Dysf/ApoE double knockout mice responded to cholesterol absorption blockade with lower total cholesterol and blunted atherosclerosis. Our study suggests that dysferlin does not protect against atherosclerosis or participate in cholesterol absorption blockade but regulates basal plasma lipoprotein composition. Dysferlinopathic patients may be dyslipidemic without greater atherosclerotic burden while remaining responsive to cholesterol absorption blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe White
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nadia Milad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephanie L Sellers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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20
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Plasma lipidomic analysis shows a disease progression signature in mdx mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12993. [PMID: 34155298 PMCID: PMC8217252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare genetic disorder affecting paediatric patients. The disease course is characterized by loss of muscle mass, which is rapidly substituted by fibrotic and adipose tissue. Clinical and preclinical models have clarified the processes leading to muscle damage and myofiber degeneration. Analysis of the fat component is however emerging as more evidence shows how muscle fat fraction is associated with patient performance and prognosis. In this article we aimed to study whether alterations exist in the composition of lipids in plasma samples obtained from mouse models. Analysis of plasma samples was performed in 4 mouse models of DMD and wild-type mice by LC–MS. Longitudinal samplings of individual mice covering an observational period of 7 months were obtained to cover the different phases of the disease. We report clear elevation of glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids families in dystrophic mice compared to healthy mice. Triacylglycerols were the strongest contributors to the signatures in mice. Annotation of individual lipids confirmed the elevation of lipids belonging to these families as strongest discriminants between healthy and dystrophic mice. A few sphingolipids (such as ganglioside GM2, sphingomyelin and ceramide), sterol lipids (such as cholesteryl oleate and cholesteryl arachidonate) and a fatty acyl (stearic acid) were also found to be affected in dystrophic mice. Analysis of serum and plasma samples show how several lipids are affected in dystrophic mice affected by muscular dystrophy. This study sets the basis to further investigations to understand how the lipid signature relates to the disease biology and muscle performance.
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21
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Waisman A, Norris AM, Elías Costa M, Kopinke D. Automatic and unbiased segmentation and quantification of myofibers in skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11793. [PMID: 34083673 PMCID: PMC8175575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91191-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has the remarkable ability to regenerate. However, with age and disease muscle strength and function decline. Myofiber size, which is affected by injury and disease, is a critical measurement to assess muscle health. Here, we test and apply Cellpose, a recently developed deep learning algorithm, to automatically segment myofibers within murine skeletal muscle. We first show that tissue fixation is necessary to preserve cellular structures such as primary cilia, small cellular antennae, and adipocyte lipid droplets. However, fixation generates heterogeneous myofiber labeling, which impedes intensity-based segmentation. We demonstrate that Cellpose efficiently delineates thousands of individual myofibers outlined by a variety of markers, even within fixed tissue with highly uneven myofiber staining. We created a novel ImageJ plugin (LabelsToRois) that allows processing of multiple Cellpose segmentation images in batch. The plugin also contains a semi-automatic erosion function to correct for the area bias introduced by the different stainings, thereby identifying myofibers as accurately as human experts. We successfully applied our segmentation pipeline to uncover myofiber regeneration differences between two different muscle injury models, cardiotoxin and glycerol. Thus, Cellpose combined with LabelsToRois allows for fast, unbiased, and reproducible myofiber quantification for a variety of staining and fixation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Waisman
- CONICET - Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia (FLENI), Laboratorio de Investigación Aplicada a Neurociencias (LIAN), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Alessandra Marie Norris
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA.,Myology Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA. .,Myology Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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22
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Amor F, Vu Hong A, Corre G, Sanson M, Suel L, Blaie S, Servais L, Voit T, Richard I, Israeli D. Cholesterol metabolism is a potential therapeutic target in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:677-693. [PMID: 34037326 PMCID: PMC8200436 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal muscle disease detected in approximately 1:5000 male births. DMD is caused by mutations in the DMD gene, encoding a critical protein that links the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix in skeletal and cardiac muscles. The primary consequence of the disrupted link between the extracellular matrix and the myofibre actin cytoskeleton is thought to involve sarcolemma destabilization, perturbation of Ca2+ homeostasis, activation of proteases, mitochondrial damage, and tissue degeneration. A recently emphasized secondary aspect of the dystrophic process is a progressive metabolic change of the dystrophic tissue; however, the mechanism and nature of the metabolic dysregulation are yet poorly understood. In this study, we characterized a molecular mechanism of metabolic perturbation in DMD. METHODS We sequenced plasma miRNA in a DMD cohort, comprising 54 DMD patients treated or not by glucocorticoid, compared with 27 healthy controls, in three groups of the ages of 4-8, 8-12, and 12-20 years. We developed an original approach for the biological interpretation of miRNA dysregulation and produced a novel hypothesis concerning metabolic perturbation in DMD. We used the mdx mouse model for DMD for the investigation of this hypothesis. RESULTS We identified 96 dysregulated miRNAs (adjusted P-value <0.1), of which 74 were up-regulated and 22 were down-regulated in DMD. We confirmed the dysregulation in DMD of Dystro-miRs, Cardio-miRs, and a large number of the DLK1-DIO3 miRNAs. We also identified numerous dysregulated miRNAs yet unreported in DMD. Bioinformatics analysis of both target and host genes for dysregulated miRNAs predicted that lipid metabolism might be a critical metabolic perturbation in DMD. Investigation of skeletal muscles of the mdx mouse uncovered dysregulation of transcription factors of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism (SREBP-1 and SREBP-2), perturbation of the mevalonate pathway, and the accumulation of cholesterol in the dystrophic muscles. Elevated cholesterol level was also found in muscle biopsies of DMD patients. Treatment of mdx mice with Simvastatin, a cholesterol-reducing agent, normalized these perturbations and partially restored the dystrophic parameters. CONCLUSIONS This investigation supports that cholesterol metabolism and the mevalonate pathway are potential therapeutic targets in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Amor
- GénéthonEvryFrance
- Université Paris‐Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951EvryFrance
| | - Ai Vu Hong
- GénéthonEvryFrance
- Université Paris‐Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951EvryFrance
| | - Guillaume Corre
- GénéthonEvryFrance
- Université Paris‐Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951EvryFrance
| | - Mathilde Sanson
- GénéthonEvryFrance
- Université Paris‐Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951EvryFrance
| | - Laurence Suel
- GénéthonEvryFrance
- Université Paris‐Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951EvryFrance
| | | | - Laurent Servais
- MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Center, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, UK & Division of Child Neurology, Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires, Department of PaediatricsUniversity Hospital of Liège & University of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Thomas Voit
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre and Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Isabelle Richard
- GénéthonEvryFrance
- Université Paris‐Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951EvryFrance
| | - David Israeli
- GénéthonEvryFrance
- Université Paris‐Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951EvryFrance
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23
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Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated risk factors among adult residents of Shenmu City, China. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250573. [PMID: 33961634 PMCID: PMC8104371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dyslipidemia is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. By collecting the blood lipid profiles among adult residents of Shenmu City in Shaanxi Province, China, we aim to assess and elucidate the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia in this city. Method Stratified multistage sampling was used to survey 4,598 permanent adult residents in five areas of Shenmu (2 communities in the county seat, 2 in the southern area and 2 in the northern area) from September 2019 to December 2019. Questionnaire surveys and physical examinations were conducted. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.0. Results The average level of total cholesterol (TC) is 4.47mmol/L, that of triglyceride (TG) 1.32mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 1.27mmol/L, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) 1.44g/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 2.7mmol/L and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) 0.97g/L. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (HTC), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and high low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) is 22.4%, 33.3%, 14.5%, and 5.81%, respectively, and the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia is 48.27%. Furthermore, blood lipid levels and prevalence of dyslipidemia vary by region, age, gender, occupation and educational level. Nine risk factors of dyslipidemia were identified, which are living in county seat or northern industrial area, increasing age, male, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, smoking, hypertension, abnormal glucose metabolism (pre-diabetes or diabetes) and hyperuricemia. Conclusion The blood lipid levels and dyslipidemia prevalence of adults in Shenmu City are higher comparing to national averages of China. Combining risk factors of dyslipidemia, early detection and public health interventions are necessary in high-risk population for associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention.
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24
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Xu D, Li S, Wang L, Jiang J, Zhao L, Huang X, Sun Z, Li C, Sun L, Li X, Jiang Z, Zhang L. TAK1 inhibition improves myoblast differentiation and alleviates fibrosis in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:192-208. [PMID: 33236534 PMCID: PMC7890152 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) plays a key role in regulating fibroblast and myoblast proliferation and differentiation. However, the TAK1 changes associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are poorly understood, and it remains unclear how TAK1 regulation could be exploited to aid the treatment of this disease. METHODS Muscle biopsies were obtained from control donors or DMD patients for diagnosis (n = 6 per group, male, 2-3 years, respectively). Protein expression of phosphorylated TAK1 was measured by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. In vivo overexpression of TAK1 was performed in skeletal muscle to assess whether TAK1 is sufficient to induce or aggravate atrophy and fibrosis. To explore whether TAK1 inhibition protects against muscle damage, mdx (loss of dystrophin) mice were treated with adeno-associated virus (AAV)-short hairpin TAK1 (shTAK1) or NG25 (a TAK1 inhibitor). Serum analysis, skeletal muscle performance and histology, muscle contractile function, and gene and protein expression were performed. RESULTS We found that TAK1 was activated in the dystrophic muscles of DMD patients (n = 6, +72.2%, P < 0.001), resulting in fibrosis ( +65.9% for fibronectin expression, P < 0.001) and loss of muscle fibres (-32.5%, P < 0.01). Moreover, TAK1 was activated by interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α, and transforming growth factor-β1 (P < 0.01). Overexpression of TAK1 by AAV vectors further aggravated fibrosis (n = 8, +39.6% for hydroxyproline content, P < 0.01) and exacerbated muscle wasting (-31.6%, P < 0.01) in mdx mice; however, these effects were reversed in mdx mice by treatment with AAV-short hairpin TAK1 (shTAK1) or NG25 (a TAK1 inhibitor). The molecular mechanism underlying these effects may be related to the prevention of TAK1-mediated transdifferentiation of myoblasts into fibroblasts, thereby reducing fibrosis and increasing myoblast differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that TAK1 activation exacerbated fibrosis and muscle degeneration and that TAK1 inhibition can improve whole-body muscle quality and the function of dystrophic skeletal muscle. Thus, TAK1 inhibition may constitute a novel therapy for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengqiu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeren Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xihua Li
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Ralbovsky NM, Dey P, Galfano A, Dey BK, Lednev IK. Diagnosis of a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in blood serum of mdx mice using Raman hyperspectroscopy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11734. [PMID: 32678134 PMCID: PMC7366916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common and severe form of muscular dystrophy and affects boys in infancy or early childhood. Current methods for diagnosing DMD are often laborious, expensive, invasive, and typically diagnose the disease late in its progression. In an effort to improve the accuracy and ease of diagnosis, this study focused on developing a novel method for diagnosing DMD which combines Raman hyperspectroscopic analysis of blood serum with advanced statistical analysis. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was applied to the spectral dataset acquired from blood serum of a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (mdx) and control mice. Cross-validation showed 95.2% sensitivity and 94.6% specificity for identifying diseased spectra. These results were verified via external validation, which achieved 100% successful classification accuracy at the donor level. This proof-of-concept study presents Raman hyperspectroscopic analysis of blood serum as an easy, fast, non-expensive, and minimally invasive detection method for distinguishing control and mdx model mice, with a strong potential for clinical diagnosis of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Ralbovsky
- Department of Chemistry, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.,The RNA Institute, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Paromita Dey
- The RNA Institute, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Andrew Galfano
- Department of Chemistry, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Bijan K Dey
- The RNA Institute, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
| | - Igor K Lednev
- Department of Chemistry, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA. .,The RNA Institute, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, University At Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
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26
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White Z, Hakim CH, Theret M, Yang NN, Rossi F, Cox D, Francis GA, Straub V, Selby K, Panagiotopoulos C, Duan D, Bernatchez P. High prevalence of plasma lipid abnormalities in human and canine Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies depicts a new type of primary genetic dyslipidemia. J Clin Lipidol 2020; 14:459-469.e0. [PMID: 32593511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2020.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are allelic X-linked recessive muscle diseases caused by mutations in the DMD gene, with DMD being the more severe form. We have recently shown that increased plasma low-density lipoprotein-associated cholesterol causes severe muscle wasting in the mdx mouse, a mild DMD model, which suggested that plasma lipids may play a critical role in DMD. We have also observed that loss of dystrophin in mice causes unexpected elevations in plasma lipoprotein levels. OBJECTIVE The objectives of the study were to determine whether patients with DMD and BMD also present with clinically relevant plasma lipoprotein abnormalities and to mitigate the presence of confounders (medications and lifestyle) by analyzing the plasma from patients with DMD/BMD and unmedicated dogs with DMD, the most relevant model of DMD. METHODS Levels of low-density lipoprotein-associated cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were analyzed in patients with DMD and BMD and female carriers. Samples from unmedicated, ambulatory dogs with DMD, unaffected carriers, and normal controls were also analyzed. RESULTS We report that 97% and 64% of all pediatric patients with DMD (33 of 36) and BMD (6 of 11) are dyslipidemic, along with an unusually high incidence in adult patients with BMD. All dogs with DMD showed plasma lipid abnormalities that progressively worsened with age. Most strikingly, unaffected carrier dogs also showed plasma lipid abnormalities similar to affected dogs with DMD. Dyslipidemia is likely not secondary to liver damage as unaffected carriers showed no plasma aminotransferase elevation. CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of plasma lipid abnormalities in dystrophin-deficient plasma may depict a new type of genetic dyslipidemia. Abnormal lipid levels in dystrophinopathic samples in the absence of muscle damage suggest a primary state of dyslipidemia. Whether dyslipidemia plays a causal role in patients with DMD warrants further investigation, which could lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe White
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Heart & Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chady H Hakim
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD
| | | | - N Nora Yang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD
| | - Fabio Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, UBC, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dan Cox
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gordon A Francis
- Centre for Heart & Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Volker Straub
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kathryn Selby
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia (UBC), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Constadina Panagiotopoulos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia (UBC), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dongsheng Duan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia (UBC), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Heart & Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
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27
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Kravtsova VV, Bouzinova EV, Chibalin AV, Matchkov VV, Krivoi II. Isoform-specific Na,K-ATPase and membrane cholesterol remodeling in motor endplates in distinct mouse models of myodystrophy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C1030-C1041. [PMID: 32293933 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00453.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Na,K-ATPase is a membrane transporter that is critically important for skeletal muscle function. Mdx and Bla/J mice are the experimental models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and dysferlinopathy that are known to differ in the molecular mechanism of the pathology. This study examines the function of α1- and α2-Na,K-ATPase isozymes in respiratory diaphragm and postural soleus muscles from mdx and Bla/J mice compared with control С57Bl/6 mice. In diaphragm muscles, the motor endplate structure was severely disturbed (manifested by defragmentation) in mdx mice only. The endplate membrane of both Bla/J and mdx mice was depolarized due to specific loss of the α2-Na,K-ATPase electrogenic activity and its decreased membrane abundance. Total FXYD1 subunit (modulates Na,K-ATPase activity) abundance was decreased in both mouse models. However, the α2-Na,K-ATPase protein content as well as mRNA expression were specifically and significantly reduced only in mdx mice. The endplate membrane cholesterol redistribution was most pronounced in mdx mice. Soleus muscles from Bla/J and mdx mice demonstrated reduction of the α2-Na,K-ATPase membrane abundance and mRNA expression similar to the diaphragm muscles. In contrast to diaphragm, the α2-Na,K-ATPase protein content was altered in both Bla/J and mdx mice; membrane cholesterol re-distribution was not observed. Thus, the α2-Na,K-ATPase is altered in both Bla/J and mdx mouse models of chronic muscle pathology. However, despite some similarities, the α2-Na,K-ATPase and cholesterol abnormalities are more pronounced in mdx mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta V Kravtsova
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Igor I Krivoi
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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28
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Reggio A, Rosina M, Krahmer N, Palma A, Petrilli LL, Maiolatesi G, Massacci G, Salvatori I, Valle C, Testa S, Gargioli C, Fuoco C, Castagnoli L, Cesareni G, Sacco F. Metabolic reprogramming of fibro/adipogenic progenitors facilitates muscle regeneration. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/3/e202000646. [PMID: 32019766 PMCID: PMC7003708 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet ameliorates muscle dystrophic phenotype by promoting the FAP-dependent myogenesis of satellite cells. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the absence of the dystrophin protein causes a variety of poorly understood secondary effects. Notably, muscle fibers of dystrophic individuals are characterized by mitochondrial dysfunctions, as revealed by a reduced ATP production rate and by defective oxidative phosphorylation. Here, we show that in a mouse model of DMD (mdx), fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are characterized by a dysfunctional mitochondrial metabolism which correlates with increased adipogenic potential. Using high-sensitivity mass spectrometry–based proteomics, we report that a short-term high-fat diet (HFD) reprograms dystrophic FAP metabolism in vivo. By combining our proteomic dataset with a literature-derived signaling network, we revealed that HFD modulates the β-catenin–follistatin axis. These changes are accompanied by significant amelioration of the histological phenotype in dystrophic mice. Transplantation of purified FAPs from HFD-fed mice into the muscles of dystrophic recipients demonstrates that modulation of FAP metabolism can be functional to ameliorate the dystrophic phenotype. Our study supports metabolic reprogramming of muscle interstitial progenitor cells as a novel approach to alleviate some of the adverse outcomes of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Reggio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Rosina
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Department Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alessandro Palma
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Giorgia Massacci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Illari Salvatori
- Fondazione Santa Lucia Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Valle
- Fondazione Santa Lucia Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.,Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Testa
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Fuoco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Castagnoli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Cesareni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy .,Fondazione Santa Lucia Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sacco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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29
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Wood CL, Suchacki KJ, van 't Hof R, Cawthorn WP, Dillon S, Straub V, Wong SC, Ahmed SF, Farquharson C. A comparison of the bone and growth phenotype of mdx, mdx:Cmah-/- and mdx:Utrn +/- murine models with the C57BL/10 wild-type mouse. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:dmm.040659. [PMID: 31754018 PMCID: PMC6994935 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscular dystrophy X-linked (mdx) mouse is commonly used as a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Its phenotype is, however, mild, and other mouse models have been explored. The mdx:Cmah−/− mouse carries a human-like mutation in the Cmah gene and has a severe muscle phenotype, but its growth and bone development are unknown. In this study, we compared male mdx, mdx:Utrn+/−, mdx:Cmah−/− and wild-type (WT) mice at 3, 5 and 7 weeks of age to determine the suitability of the mdx:Cmah−/− mouse as a model for assessing growth and skeletal development in DMD. The mdx:Cmah−/− mice were lighter than WT mice at 3 weeks, but heavier at 7 weeks, and showed an increased growth rate at 5 weeks. Cortical bone fraction as assessed by micro-computed tomography was greater in both mdx and mdx:Cmah−/− mice versus WT mice at 7 weeks. Tissue mineral density was also higher in mdx:Cmah−/− mice at 3 and 7 weeks. Gene profiling of mdx:Cmah−/− bone identified increased expression of Igf1, Igf1r and Vegfa. Both the mdx and mdx:Cmah−/− mice showed an increased proportion of regulated bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) but a reduction in constitutive BMAT. The mdx:Cmah−/− mice show evidence of catch-up growth and more rapid bone development. This pattern does not mimic the typical DMD growth trajectory and therefore the utility of the mdx:Cmah−/− mouse for studying growth and skeletal development in DMD is limited. Further studies of this model may, however, shed light on the phenomenon of catch-up growth. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: Unlike boys with DMD, the mdx:Cmah−/− mouse shows increased weight gain and more rapid bone development; therefore, its utility for studying growth and skeletal development in DMD is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Wood
- Division of Developmental Biology, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK .,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Karla J Suchacki
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Rob van 't Hof
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Will P Cawthorn
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Scott Dillon
- Division of Developmental Biology, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Volker Straub
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Sze Choong Wong
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Syed F Ahmed
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Colin Farquharson
- Division of Developmental Biology, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
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30
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Esposito G, Carsana A. Metabolic Alterations in Cardiomyocytes of Patients with Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122151. [PMID: 31817415 PMCID: PMC6947625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD/BMD) result in progressive weakness of skeletal and cardiac muscles due to the deficiency of functional dystrophin. Respiratory failure is a leading cause of mortality in DMD patients; however, improved management of the respiratory symptoms have increased patients' life expectancy, thereby also increasing the clinical relevance of heart disease. In fact, the prevalence of cardiomyopathy, which significantly contributes to mortality in DMD patients, increases with age and disease progression, so that over 95% of adult patients has cardiomyopathy signs. We here review the current literature featuring the metabolic alterations observed in the dystrophic heart of the mdx mouse, i.e., the best-studied animal model of the disease, and discuss their pathophysiological role in the DMD heart. It is well assessed that dystrophin deficiency is associated with pathological alterations of lipid metabolism, intracellular calcium levels, neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase localization, and NO and reactive oxygen species production. These metabolic stressors contribute to impair the function of the cardiac mitochondrial bulk, which has a relevant pathophysiological role in the development of cardiomyopathy. In fact, mitochondrial dysfunction becomes more severe as the dystrophic process progresses, thereby indicating it may be both the cause and the consequence of the dystrophic process in the DMD heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Carsana
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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31
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Rodriguez A, Trigatti BL, Mineo C, Knaack D, Wilkins JT, Sahoo D, Asztalos BF, Mora S, Cuchel M, Pownall HJ, Rosales C, Bernatchez P, Ribeiro Martins da Silva A, Getz GS, Barber JL, Shearer GC, Zivkovic AM, Tietge UJF, Sacks FM, Connelly MA, Oda MN, Davidson WS, Sorci-Thomas MG, Vaisar T, Ruotolo G, Vickers KC, Martel C. Proceedings of the Ninth HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Workshop: Focus on Cardiovascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:2457-2467. [PMID: 31597448 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The HDL (high-density lipoprotein) Workshop was established in 2009 as a forum for candid discussions among academic basic scientists, clinical investigators, and industry researchers about the role of HDL in cardiovascular disease. This ninth HDL Workshop was held on May 16 to 17, 2019 in Boston, MA, and included outstanding oral presentations from established and emerging investigators. The Workshop featured 5 sessions with topics that tackled the role of HDL in the vasculature, its structural complexity, its role in health and disease states, and its interaction with the intestinal microbiome. The highlight of the program was awarding the Jack Oram Award to the distinguished professor emeritus G.S. Getz from the University of Chicago. The tenth HDL Workshop will be held on May 2020 in Chicago and will continue the focus on intellectually stimulating presentations by established and emerging investigators on novel roles of HDL in cardiovascular and noncardiovascular health and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Rodriguez
- From the Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington (A.R.)
| | - Bernardo L Trigatti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada (B.L.T.)
| | - Chieko Mineo
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (C.M.)
| | - Darcy Knaack
- Department of Biochemistry (D.K., D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - John T Wilkins
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (J.T.W.)
| | - Daisy Sahoo
- Department of Biochemistry (D.K., D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.,Division of Endocrinology (D.S., M.G.S.-T.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Bela F Asztalos
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, Boston, MA (B.F.A.)
| | - Samia Mora
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Divisions of Preventive and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.M.)
| | - Marina Cuchel
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (M.C.)
| | - Henry J Pownall
- Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX (H.J.P., C.R.)
| | - Corina Rosales
- Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX (H.J.P., C.R.)
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Heart and Lung Innovation Centre, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (P.B.)
| | | | - Godfrey S Getz
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, IL (G.S.G.)
| | - Jacob L Barber
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia (J.L.B.)
| | - Gregory C Shearer
- Department Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park (G.C.S.)
| | | | - Uwe J F Tietge
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (U.J.F.T.).,Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (U.J.F.T.)
| | - Frank M Sacks
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (F.M.S.)
| | - Margery A Connelly
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (LabCorp), Morrisville, NC (M.A.C.)
| | | | - W Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (W.S.D.)
| | - Mary G Sorci-Thomas
- Division of Endocrinology (D.S., M.G.S.-T.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Tomas Vaisar
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (T.V.)
| | | | - Kasey C Vickers
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (K.C.V.)
| | - Catherine Martel
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada (C.M.)
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32
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White Z, Milad N, Tehrani AY, Chen WWH, Donen G, Sellers SL, Bernatchez P. Angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan exacerbates muscle damage and exhibits weak blood pressure-lowering activity in a dysferlin-null model of Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220903. [PMID: 31404091 PMCID: PMC6690544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no cure or beneficial management option for Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy (MD) type 2B (LGMD2B). Losartan, a blood pressure (BP) lowering angiotensin II (AngII) receptor type 1 (ATR1) blocker (ARB) with unique anti-transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) properties, can protect muscles in various types of MD such as Duchenne MD, suggesting a potential benefit for LGMD2B patients. Herein, we show in a mild, dysferlin-null mouse model of LGMD2B that losartan increased quadriceps muscle fibrosis (142%; P<0.0001). In a severe, atherogenic diet-fed model of LGMD2B recently described by our group, losartan further exacerbated dysferlin-null mouse muscle wasting in quadriceps and triceps brachii, two muscles typically affected by LGMD2B, by 40% and 51%, respectively (P<0.05). Lower TGF-β signalling was not observed with losartan, therefore plasma levels of atherogenic lipids known to aggravate LGMD2B severity were investigated. We report that losartan increased both plasma triglycerides and cholesterol concentrations in dysferlin-null mice. Other protective properties of losartan, such as increased nitric oxide release and BP lowering, were also reduced in the absence of dysferlin expression. Our data suggest that LGMD2B patients may show some resistance to the primary BP-lowering effects of losartan along with accelerated muscle wasting and dyslipidemia. Hence, we urge caution on the use of ARBs in this population as their ATR1 pathway may be dysfunctional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe White
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation & St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
- * E-mail: (ZW); (PB)
| | - Nadia Milad
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation & St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Arash Y. Tehrani
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation & St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - William Wei-Han Chen
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation & St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Graham Donen
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation & St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stephanie L. Sellers
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation & St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- University of British Columbia (UBC) Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation & St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
- * E-mail: (ZW); (PB)
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33
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Lee-McMullen B, Chrzanowski SM, Vohra R, Forbes S, Vandenborne K, Edison AS, Walter GA. Age-dependent changes in metabolite profile and lipid saturation in dystrophic mice. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4075. [PMID: 30848538 PMCID: PMC6777843 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked genetic disorder. In DMD, the absence of the dystrophin protein causes decreased sarcolemmal integrity resulting in progressive replacement of muscle with fibrofatty tissue. The effects of lacking dystrophin on muscle and systemic metabolism are still unclear. Therefore, to determine the impact of the absence of dystrophin on metabolism, we investigated the metabolic and lipid profile at two different, well-defined stages of muscle damage and stabilization in mdx mice. We measured NMR-detectable metabolite and lipid profiles in the serum and muscles of mdx mice at 6 and 24 weeks of age. Metabolites were determined in muscle in vivo using 1 H MRI/MRS, in isolated muscles using 1 H-HR-MAS NMR, and in serum using high resolution 1 H/13 C NMR. Dystrophic mice were found to have a unique lipid saturation profile compared with control mice, revealing an age-related metabolic change. In the 6-week-old mdx mice, serum lipids were increased and the degree of lipid saturation changed between 6 and 24 weeks. The serum taurine-creatine ratio increased over the life span of mdx, but not in control mice. Furthermore, the saturation index of lipids increased in the serum but decreased in the tissue over time. Finally, we demonstrated associations between MRI-T2 , a strong indicator of inflammation/edema, with tissue and serum lipid profiles. These results indicate the complex temporal changes of metabolites in the tissue and serum during repetitive bouts of muscle damage and regeneration that occur in dystrophic muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Lee-McMullen
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Ravneet Vohra
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sean Forbes
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Krista Vandenborne
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Arthur S. Edison
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Current address: Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Glenn A. Walter
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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34
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Cholesterol and the Safety Factor for Neuromuscular Transmission. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051046. [PMID: 30823359 PMCID: PMC6429197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A present review is devoted to the analysis of literature data and results of own research. Skeletal muscle neuromuscular junction is specialized to trigger the striated muscle fiber contraction in response to motor neuron activity. The safety factor at the neuromuscular junction strongly depends on a variety of pre- and postsynaptic factors. The review focuses on the crucial role of membrane cholesterol to maintain a high efficiency of neuromuscular transmission. Cholesterol metabolism in the neuromuscular junction, its role in the synaptic vesicle cycle and neurotransmitter release, endplate electrogenesis, as well as contribution of cholesterol to the synaptogenesis, synaptic integrity, and motor disorders are discussed.
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35
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Integrative effects of dystrophin loss on metabolic function of the mdx mouse. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13624. [PMID: 30206270 PMCID: PMC6134145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a disease marked by the development of skeletal muscle weakness and wasting. DMD results from mutations in the gene for the cytoskeletal protein dystrophin. The loss of dystrophin expression is not limited to muscle weakness but has multiple systemic consequences. Managing the nutritional requirements is an important aspect of the clinical care of DMD patients and is complicated by the poor understanding of the role of dystrophin, and dystrophic processes, in regulating metabolism. Here, we show that mdx mice, a genetic model of DMD, have significantly reduced fat mass relative to wild type C57BL/10. The alteration in body composition is independent of the presence of skeletal muscle disease, as it is still present in mice with transgenic expression of a fully-functional dystrophin in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, mdx mice do not increase their fat mass or body weight when housed under thermoneutral conditions, in marked contrast to C57BL/10 mice. We also demonstrated that mdx mice have significantly reduced fat metabolism and altered glucose uptake. These significant metabolic changes in dystrophic mice implicate dystrophin as an important regulator of metabolism. Understanding the metabolic functions of dystrophin is important for managing the nutritional needs of DMD patients.
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36
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Sellers SL, Milad N, White Z, Pascoe C, Chan R, Payne GW, Seow C, Rossi F, Seidman MA, Bernatchez P. Increased nonHDL cholesterol levels cause muscle wasting and ambulatory dysfunction in the mouse model of LGMD2B. J Lipid Res 2017; 59:261-272. [PMID: 29175948 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m079459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive limb and girdle muscle atrophy leading to loss of ambulation is a hallmark of dysferlinopathies, which include limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B and Miyoshi myopathy. However, animal models fail to fully reproduce the disease severity observed in humans, with dysferlin-null (Dysf-/-) mice exhibiting minor muscle damage and weakness without dramatic ambulatory dysfunction. As we have previously reported significant Dysf expression in blood vessels, we investigated the role of vascular function in development of muscle pathology by generating a Dysf-deficient mouse model with vascular disease. This was achieved by crossing Dysf-/- mice with ApoE-/- mice, which have high levels of nonHDL-associated cholesterol. Double-knockout Dysf-/-ApoE-/- mice exhibited severe ambulatory dysfunction by 11 months of age. In limb-girdle muscles, histology confirmed dramatic muscle wasting, fibrofatty replacement, and myofiber damage in Dysf-/-ApoE-/- mice without affecting the ratio of centrally nucleated myofibers. Although there were no major changes in ex vivo diaphragm and soleus muscle function, histological analyses revealed these muscles to be untouched by damage and remodelling. In all, these data suggest that cholesterol may be deleterious to dysferlinopathic muscle and lead to ambulatory dysfunction. Moreover, differences in plasma lipid handling between mice and humans could be a key factor affecting dysferlinopathy severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Sellers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics and UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nadia Milad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics and UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zoe White
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics and UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chris Pascoe
- St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rayleigh Chan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics and UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Geoffrey W Payne
- Providence Health Care, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, Canada
| | - Chun Seow
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics and UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Fabio Rossi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael A Seidman
- St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Prince George, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics and UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada .,St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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