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Lopez Baltazar JM, Gu W, Bocková M, Yu Q. Immunoassays for Extracellular Vesicle Detection via Transmembrane Proteins Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3594-3603. [PMID: 38912608 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are preeminent carriers of biomarkers and have become the subject of intense biomedical research for medical diagnostics using biosensors. To create effective EV-based immunoassays, it is imperative to develop surface chemistry approaches with optimal EV detection targeting transmembrane protein biomarkers that are not affected by cell-to-cell variability. Here, we developed a series of immunoassays for the detection of EVs derived from mouse monocyte cells using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors. We chemically immobilized antibodies onto mixed self-assembled monolayers of oligo ethylene glycol (OEG) alkanethiolates with carboxylic and hydroxylic terminal groups. The effects of antibody clonality (monoclonal vs polyclonal) and antibody surface coverage in targeting EVs via CD81 tetraspanins were investigated. We determined binding kinetic parameters, establishing trends from steric hindrance effects and epitope recognition properties of antibodies. Our results indicate that a 40% surface coverage of polyclonal antibodies covalently linked onto a mixed SAM with 10% of terminated -COOH groups yields a promising approach for EV detection with a linear range of 1.9 × 108-1.9 × 109 EVs/mL and a limit of detection of 5.9 × 106 EVs/mL. This optimal immunoassay exhibits a 1.92 nM equilibrium dissociation constant for bound EVs, suggesting a high binding affinity when CD81 is targeted. Our study provides important insights into surface chemistry development for EV detection targeted via transmembrane protein biomarkers using antibodies, which has promising applications for disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus M Lopez Baltazar
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Wenchao Gu
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Markéta Bocková
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, AS CR Chaberská57, Prague 182 51, Czech Republic
| | - Qiuming Yu
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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2
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Zhang H, Song Q, Shang K, Li Y, Jiang L, Yang L. Tspan protein family: focusing on the occurrence, progression, and treatment of cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:187. [PMID: 38649381 PMCID: PMC11035590 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Tetraspanins (Tspan) protein family, also known as the tetraspanin family, contains 33 family members that interact with other protein molecules such as integrins, adhesion molecules, and T cell receptors by forming dimers or heterodimers. The Tspan protein family regulates cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion, migration, apoptosis, autophagy, tissue differentiation, and immune response. More and more studies have shown that Tspan proteins are involved in tumorigenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, thrombosis, tumor stem cell, and exosome signaling. Some drugs and microRNAs can inhibit Tspan proteins, thus providing new strategies for tumor therapy. An in-depth understanding of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of the Tspan protein family, which can promote or inhibit tumor development, will provide new strategies for targeted interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huhu Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qinghang Song
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Kaiwen Shang
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liangqian Jiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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3
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Bailly C, Bedart C, Vergoten G. A molecular docking exploration of the large extracellular loop of tetraspanin CD81 with small molecules. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:24. [PMID: 38584777 PMCID: PMC10997574 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00203-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanin CD81 is a transmembrane protein used as a co-receptor by different viruses and implicated in some cancer and inflammatory diseases. The design of therapeutic small molecules targeting CD81 lags behind monoclonal antibodies and peptides but different synthetic and natural products binding to CD81 have been identified. We have investigated the interaction between synthetic compounds and CD81, considering both the cholesterol-bound full-length receptor and a truncated protein corresponding to the large extracellular loop (LEL) of the tetraspanin. They represent the closed and open conformations of the protein, respectively. Stable complexes were characterized with bi-aryl compounds (notably the quinolinone-benzothiazole 6) and atypical molecules bearing a 1-amino-boraadamantane scaffold well adapted to interact with CD81 (5a-d). In each case, the mode of binding to CD81 was analyzed, the binding sites identified and the molecular contacts determined. The narrow intra-LEL binding site of CD81 can accommodate the elongated bi-aryl 6 but not a series of isosteric compounds with a bis(bicyclic) scaffold. The bora-adamantane derivatives appeared to bind well to CD81, but essentially to the external surface of the protein loop. The binding selectivity of the compounds was assessed comparing binding to the LEL of tetraspanins CD81, CD9 and Tspan15. A net preference for CD81 over CD9 was evidenced, but the LEL of Tspan15 also provided a suitable binding site for the compounds, notably for the bora-adamantane derivatives. This work provides an aid to the identification and design of tetraspanin-binding small molecules, underlining the distinct behavior of the open and closed conformation of the protein for drug binding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-024-00203-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, 59290 Lille, Wasquehal, France
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, CANTHER, Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Corentin Bedart
- University of Lille, Inserm, U1286, INFINITE, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL)Faculté de Pharmacie, 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, 59,000 Lille, France
| | - Gérard Vergoten
- University of Lille, Inserm, U1286, INFINITE, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL)Faculté de Pharmacie, 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, 59,000 Lille, France
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4
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Yang J, Zhang Z, Lam JSW, Fan H, Fu NY. Molecular Regulation and Oncogenic Functions of TSPAN8. Cells 2024; 13:193. [PMID: 38275818 PMCID: PMC10814125 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins, a superfamily of small integral membrane proteins, are characterized by four transmembrane domains and conserved protein motifs that are configured into a unique molecular topology and structure in the plasma membrane. They act as key organizers of the plasma membrane, orchestrating the formation of specialized microdomains called "tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs)" or "tetraspanin nanodomains" that are essential for mediating diverse biological processes. TSPAN8 is one of the earliest identified tetraspanin members. It is known to interact with a wide range of molecular partners in different cellular contexts and regulate diverse molecular and cellular events at the plasma membrane, including cell adhesion, migration, invasion, signal transduction, and exosome biogenesis. The functions of cell-surface TSPAN8 are governed by ER targeting, modifications at the Golgi apparatus and dynamic trafficking. Intriguingly, limited evidence shows that TSPAN8 can translocate to the nucleus to act as a transcriptional regulator. The transcription of TSPAN8 is tightly regulated and restricted to defined cell lineages, where it can serve as a molecular marker of stem/progenitor cells in certain normal tissues as well as tumors. Importantly, the oncogenic roles of TSPAN8 in tumor development and cancer metastasis have gained prominence in recent decades. Here, we comprehensively review the current knowledge on the molecular characteristics and regulatory mechanisms defining TSPAN8 functions, and discuss the potential and significance of TSPAN8 as a biomarker and therapeutic target across various epithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Yang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Joanne Shi Woon Lam
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Nai Yang Fu
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
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5
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Suwatthanarak T, Thanormjit K, Suwatthanarak T, Acharayothin O, Methasate A, Chinswangwatanakul V, Tanjak P. Spatial Transcriptomic Profiling of Tetraspanins in Stage 4 Colon Cancer from Primary Tumor and Liver Metastasis. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:126. [PMID: 38255741 PMCID: PMC10817616 DOI: 10.3390/life14010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stage 4 colon cancer (CC) presents a significant global health challenge due to its poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Tetraspanins, the transmembrane proteins involved in crucial cancer processes, have recently gained attention as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. However, their spatial expression and potential roles in stage 4 CC tissues remain unknown. Using the GeoMx digital spatial profiler, we profiled all 33 human tetraspanin genes in 48 areas within stage 4 CC tissues, segmented into immune, fibroblast, and tumor compartments. Our results unveiled diverse gene expression patterns across different primary tumor sub-regions. CD53 exhibited distinct overexpression in the immune compartment, hinting at a potential role in immune modulation. TSPAN9 was specifically overexpressed in the fibroblast compartment, suggesting involvement in tumor invasion and metastasis. CD9, CD151, TSPAN1, TSPAN3, TSPAN8, and TSPAN13 displayed specific overexpression in the tumor compartment, indicating potential roles in tumor growth. Furthermore, our differential analysis revealed significant spatial changes in tetraspanin expression between patient-matched stage 4 primary CC and metastatic liver tissues. These findings provide spatially resolved insights into the expression and potential roles of tetraspanins in stage 4 CC progression, proposing their utility as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Understanding this landscape is beneficial for tailoring therapeutic strategies to specific sub-tumor regions in the context of stage 4 CC and liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanawat Suwatthanarak
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (K.T.); (V.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (O.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Kullanist Thanormjit
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (K.T.); (V.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (O.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Tharathorn Suwatthanarak
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (O.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Onchira Acharayothin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (O.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Asada Methasate
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (O.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Vitoon Chinswangwatanakul
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (K.T.); (V.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (O.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Pariyada Tanjak
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (K.T.); (V.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (T.S.); (O.A.); (A.M.)
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6
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Nelson H, Qu S, Franklin JL, Liu Q, Pua HH, Vickers KC, Weaver AM, Coffey RJ, Patton JG. Extracellular RNA in oncogenesis, metastasis and drug resistance. RNA Biol 2024; 21:17-31. [PMID: 39107918 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2385607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles (EVPs) are now recognized as a novel form of cell-cell communication. All cells release a wide array of heterogeneous EVPs with distinct protein, lipid, and RNA content, dependent on the pathophysiological state of the donor cell. The overall cargo content in EVPs is not equivalent to cellular levels, implying a regulated pathway for selection and export. In cancer, release and uptake of EVPs within the tumour microenvironment can influence growth, proliferation, invasiveness, and immune evasion. Secreted EVPs can also have distant, systemic effects that can promote metastasis. Here, we review current knowledge of EVP biogenesis and cargo selection with a focus on the role that extracellular RNA plays in oncogenesis and metastasis. Almost all subtypes of RNA have been identified in EVPs, with miRNAs being the best characterized. We review the roles of specific miRNAs that have been detected in EVPs and that play a role in oncogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sherman Qu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Franklin
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Heather H Pua
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kasey C Vickers
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alissa M Weaver
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James G Patton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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7
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Bronson R, Lyu J, Xiong J. Transcriptome analysis reveals molecular signature and cell-type difference of Homo sapiens endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 13:jkad243. [PMID: 37857450 PMCID: PMC10700110 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), a specific form of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, drives a growing number of human (Homo sapiens) pathological conditions. This emerging knowledge opens a path to discovering novel therapeutic targets for many EndoMT-associated disorders. Here, we constructed an atlas of the endothelial-cell transcriptome and demonstrated EndoMT-induced global changes in transcriptional gene expression. Our gene ontology analyses showed that EndoMT could be a specific checkpoint for leukocyte chemotaxis, adhesion, and transendothelial migration. We also identified distinct gene expression signatures underlying EndoMT across arterial, venous, and microvascular endothelial cells. We performed protein-protein interaction network analyses, identifying a class of highly connected hub genes in endothelial cells from different vascular beds. Moreover, we found that the short-chain fatty acid acetate strongly inhibits the transcriptional program of EndoMT in endothelial cells from different vascular beds across tissues. Our results reveal the molecular signature and cell-type difference of EndoMT across distinct tissue- and vascular-bed-specific endothelial cells, providing a powerful discovery tool and resource value. These results suggest that therapeutically manipulating the endothelial transcriptome could treat an increasing number of EndoMT-associated pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Bronson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St.Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St.Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Junfang Lyu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St.Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St.Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Jianhua Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St.Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St.Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
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Zhang X, Yao L, Meng Y, Li B, Yang Y, Gao F. Migrasome: a new functional extracellular vesicle. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:381. [PMID: 37852963 PMCID: PMC10584828 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01673-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Migrasome is a novel cellular organelle produced during cell migration, and its biogenesis depends on the migration process. It is generated in a variety of cells such as immune cells, metastatic tumor cells, other special functional cells like podocytes and cells in developing organisms. It plays important roles in various fields especially in the information exchange between cells. The discovery of migrasome, as an important supplement to the extracellular vesicle system, provides new mechanisms and targets for comprehending various biological or pathological processes. In this article, we will review the discovery, structure, distribution, detection, biogenesis, and removal of migrasomes and mainly focus on summarizing its biological functions in cell-to-cell communication, homeostatic maintenance, embryonic development and multiple diseases. This review also creates prospects for the possible research directions and clinical applications of migrasomes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xide Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liuhuan Yao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Naval Medical University, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 1, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bailong Li
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Yanyong Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Fu Gao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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Agnello L, d’Argenio A, Caliendo A, Nilo R, Zannetti A, Fedele M, Camorani S, Cerchia L. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 Overexpression Mediates Chemoresistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1809. [PMID: 37443843 PMCID: PMC10340747 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is among the most aggressive breast cancer subtypes. Despite being initially responsive to chemotherapy, patients develop drug-resistant and metastatic tumors. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is a secreted protein with a tumor suppressor function due to its anti-proteolytic activity. Nevertheless, evidence indicates that TIMP-1 binds to the CD63 receptor and activates noncanonical oncogenic signaling in several cancers, but its role in mediating TNBC chemoresistance is still largely unexplored. Here, we show that mesenchymal-like TNBC cells express TIMP-1, whose levels are further increased in cells generated to be resistant to cisplatin (Cis-Pt-R) and doxorubicin (Dox-R). Moreover, public dataset analyses indicate that high TIMP-1 levels are associated with a worse prognosis in TNBC subjected to chemotherapy. Knock-down of TIMP-1 in both Cis-Pt-R and Dox-R cells reverses their resistance by inhibiting AKT activation. Consistently, TNBC cells exposed to recombinant TIMP-1 or TIMP-1-enriched media from chemoresistant cells, acquire resistance to both cisplatin and doxorubicin. Importantly, released TIMP-1 reassociates with plasma membrane by binding to CD63 and, in the absence of CD63 expression, TIMP-1-mediated chemoresistance is blocked. Thus, our results identify TIMP-1 as a new biomarker of TNBC chemoresistance and lay the groundwork for evaluating whether blockade of TIMP-1 signal is a viable treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Agnello
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (A.d.); (A.C.); (R.N.); (M.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Annachiara d’Argenio
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (A.d.); (A.C.); (R.N.); (M.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessandra Caliendo
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (A.d.); (A.C.); (R.N.); (M.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Roberto Nilo
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (A.d.); (A.C.); (R.N.); (M.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Antonella Zannetti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy;
| | - Monica Fedele
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (A.d.); (A.C.); (R.N.); (M.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Camorani
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (A.d.); (A.C.); (R.N.); (M.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Laura Cerchia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (A.d.); (A.C.); (R.N.); (M.F.); (S.C.)
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