1
|
Hock ES, Blank L, Fairbrother H, Clowes M, Cuevas DC, Booth A, Clair A, Goyder E. Exploring the impact of housing insecurity on the health and wellbeing of children and young people in the United Kingdom: a qualitative systematic review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2453. [PMID: 39251944 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19735-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Housing insecurity can be understood as experiencing or being at risk of multiple house moves that are not through choice and related to poverty. Many aspects of housing have all been shown to impact children/young people's health and wellbeing. However, the pathways linking housing and childhood health and wellbeing are complex and poorly understood. METHODS We undertook a systematic review synthesising qualitative data on the perspectives of children/young people and those close to them, from the United Kingdom (UK). We searched databases, reference lists, and UK grey literature. We extracted and tabulated key data from the included papers, and appraised study quality. We used best fit framework synthesis combined with thematic synthesis, and generated diagrams to illustrate hypothesised causal pathways. RESULTS We included 59 studies and identified four populations: those experiencing housing insecurity in general (40 papers); associated with domestic violence (nine papers); associated with migration status (13 papers); and due to demolition-related forced relocation (two papers). Housing insecurity took many forms and resulted from several interrelated situations, including eviction or a forced move, temporary accommodation, exposure to problematic behaviour, overcrowded/poor-condition/unsuitable property, and making multiple moves. Impacts included school-related, psychological, financial and family wellbeing impacts, daily long-distance travel, and poor living conditions, all of which could further exacerbate housing insecurity. People perceived that these experiences led to mental and physical health problems, tiredness and delayed development. The impact of housing insecurity was lessened by friendship and support, staying at the same school, having hope for the future, and parenting practices. The negative impacts of housing insecurity on child/adolescent health and wellbeing may be compounded by specific life circumstances, such as escaping domestic violence, migration status, or demolition-related relocation. CONCLUSION Housing insecurity has a profound impact on children and young people. Policies should focus on reducing housing insecurity among families, particularly in relation to reducing eviction; improving, and reducing the need for, temporary accommodation; minimum requirements for property condition; and support to reduce multiple and long-distance moves. Those working with children/young people and families experiencing housing insecurity should prioritise giving them optimal choice and control over situations that affect them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma S Hock
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Lindsay Blank
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah Fairbrother
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mark Clowes
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Andrew Booth
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Amy Clair
- Australian Centre for Housing Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Goyder
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
MacDonald H, Comer C, Foster M, Labelle PR, Marsalis S, Nyhan K, Premji Z, Rogers M, Splenda R, Stansfield C, Young S. Searching for studies: A guide to information retrieval for Campbell systematic reviews. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2024; 20:e1433. [PMID: 39258215 PMCID: PMC11386270 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
This guide outlines general issues in searching for studies; describes the main sources of potential studies; and discusses how to plan the search process, design, and carry out search strategies, manage references found during the search process and document and report the search process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cozette Comer
- University Libraries, Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia USA
| | - Margaret Foster
- Medical Sciences Library Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | | | - Scott Marsalis
- University Libraries, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Kate Nyhan
- Cushing/Whitney Medical Library Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Zahra Premji
- Advanced Research Services University of Victoria Libraries Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Morwenna Rogers
- NIHR ARC South West Peninsula (PenARC) University of Exeter Medical School Exeter UK
| | - Ryan Splenda
- Carnegie Mellon University Libraries Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Claire Stansfield
- EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London London UK
| | - Sarah Young
- Carnegie Mellon University Libraries Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Spanos S, Leask E, Patel R, Datyner M, Loh E, Braithwaite J. Healthcare leaders navigating complexity: a scoping review of key trends in future roles and competencies. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:720. [PMID: 38961343 PMCID: PMC11223336 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05689-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As healthcare systems rapidly become more complex, healthcare leaders are navigating expanding role scopes and increasingly varied tasks to ensure the provision of high-quality patient care. Despite a range of leadership theories, models, and training curricula to guide leadership development, the roles and competencies required by leaders in the context of emerging healthcare challenges (e.g., disruptive technologies, ageing populations, and burnt-out workforces) have not been sufficiently well conceptualized. This scoping review aimed to examine these roles and competencies through a deep dive into the contemporary academic and targeted gray literature on future trends in healthcare leadership roles and competencies. METHODS Three electronic databases (Business Source Premier, Medline, and Embase) were searched from January 2018 to February 2023 for peer-reviewed literature on key future trends in leadership roles and competencies. Websites of reputable healthcare- and leadership-focused organizations were also searched. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to explore both the range and depth of literature and the key concepts underlying leadership roles and competencies. RESULTS From an initial 348 articles identified in the literature and screened for relevance, 39 articles were included in data synthesis. Future leadership roles and competencies were related to four key themes: innovation and adaptation (e.g., flexibility and vision setting), collaboration and communication (e.g., relationship and trust building), self-development and self-awareness (e.g., experiential learning and self-examination), and consumer and community focus (e.g., public health messaging). In each of these areas, a broad range of strategies and approaches contributed to effective leadership under conditions of growing complexity, and a diverse array of contexts and situations for which these roles and competencies are applicable. CONCLUSIONS This research highlights the inherent interdependence of leadership requirements and health system complexity. Rather than as sets of roles and competencies, effective healthcare leadership might be better conceptualized as a set of broad goals to pursue that include fostering collaboration amongst stakeholders, building cultures of capacity, and continuously innovating for improved quality of care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Spanos
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Rd, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Elle Leask
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Rd, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Romika Patel
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Rd, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Michael Datyner
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Rd, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Erwin Loh
- Royal Australasian College of Medical Administrators, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Rd, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Farokhi AS, Harmanny KS, Schulp CJE. Aligning agri-environmental-climate public good supply and desire in a sustainable Dutch agricultural sector. AMBIO 2024; 53:916-932. [PMID: 38366297 PMCID: PMC11058152 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-024-01983-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
European agricultural policies increasingly incorporate mechanisms for delivery of public goods. Sustainable public good delivery requires alignment between societal demand and landscape supply. However, the variation of demands or desires regarding future public good delivery among society is hardly known. We inventoried the desires for public goods across Dutch society, and projections of agricultural supply. A multi-method approach was used to find agreement levels between desired and expected change in good delivery. Most stakeholders expressed a desire for biodiversity and climate regulation from agriculture, whilst desire for natural heritage and recreation was less common. The utility of a public good to a stakeholder appears to influence its desire. Scenarios for agriculture focus on extensification, sustainable intensification, regionalization, or meadow bird conservation. Regionalized scenarios showed the highest agreement between public good supply and desire. Maximizing alignment between desire and supply thus requires a challenging transition towards region-specific agricultural sustainability strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atoesa S Farokhi
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Environmental Geography Group, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1111, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kina S Harmanny
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Environmental Geography Group, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1111, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina J E Schulp
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Environmental Geography Group, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1111, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Briscoe S, Rogers M. An alternative screening approach for Google Search identifies an accurate and manageable number of results for a systematic review (case study). Health Info Libr J 2024; 41:149-155. [PMID: 34734655 DOI: 10.1111/hir.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A challenge when using Google Search to identify studies for a systematic review is managing the high number of results, which can number in the hundreds of thousands or even more. Studies and guidance on web searching suggest limiting the screening process, e.g. to the first 100 results. OBJECTIVES Our objective in this case study is to demonstrate an alternative approach to screening the results retrieved by Google Search which is based on our experience that the viewable number of results is often far fewer than the estimated number calculated by the search engine. METHODS We screened the results of three searches of Google Search using our approach, which involves increasing the number of results displayed per page from 10 to the maximum of 100. We then calculated the viewable number of results and compared this with the estimated number. RESULTS The mean of the estimated number of results for the three searches was 569,454,000. The mean of the viewable number results was 463 (0.00008% of the mean of the estimated number of results). CONCLUSION Our findings challenge the commonly reported view that the number of results retrieved when using Google Search is too high to screen in full.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Briscoe
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Morwenna Rogers
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Briscoe S, Abbott R, Melendez-Torres GJ. Expert searchers identified time, team, technology and tension as challenges when carrying out supplementary searches for systematic reviews: A thematic network analysis. Health Info Libr J 2024; 41:182-194. [PMID: 36535895 DOI: 10.1111/hir.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic reviews require detailed planning of complex processes which can present logistical challenges. Understanding these logistical challenges can help with planning and execution of tasks OBJECTIVES: To describe the perspectives of expert searchers on the main logistical challenges when carrying out supplementary searches for systematic reviews, in particular, forward citation searching and web searching. METHODS Qualitative interviews were undertaken with 15 experts on searching for studies for systematic reviews (e.g. information specialists) working in health and social care research settings. Interviews were undertaken by video-call between September 2020 and June 2021. Data analysis used thematic network analysis. RESULTS We identified three logistical challenges of using forward citation searching and web searching which were organised under the global theme of 'tension': time, team and technology. Several subthemes were identified which supported the organising themes, including allocating time, justifying time and keeping to time; reviewer expectations and contact with review teams; and access to resources and reference management. CONCLUSION Forward citation searching and web searching are logistically challenging search methods for a systematic review. An understanding of these challenges should encourage expert searchers and review teams to maintain open channels of communication, which should also facilitate improved working relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Briscoe
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Rebecca Abbott
- NIHR ARC South West Peninsula, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - G J Melendez-Torres
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
O'Connor K, Golder S, Weissenbacher D, Klein AZ, Magge A, Gonzalez-Hernandez G. Methods and Annotated Data Sets Used to Predict the Gender and Age of Twitter Users: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e47923. [PMID: 38488839 PMCID: PMC10980991 DOI: 10.2196/47923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient health data collected from a variety of nontraditional resources, commonly referred to as real-world data, can be a key information source for health and social science research. Social media platforms, such as Twitter (Twitter, Inc), offer vast amounts of real-world data. An important aspect of incorporating social media data in scientific research is identifying the demographic characteristics of the users who posted those data. Age and gender are considered key demographics for assessing the representativeness of the sample and enable researchers to study subgroups and disparities effectively. However, deciphering the age and gender of social media users poses challenges. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to summarize the existing literature on the prediction of the age and gender of Twitter users and provide an overview of the methods used. METHODS We searched 15 electronic databases and carried out reference checking to identify relevant studies that met our inclusion criteria: studies that predicted the age or gender of Twitter users using computational methods. The screening process was performed independently by 2 researchers to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the included studies. RESULTS Of the initial 684 studies retrieved, 74 (10.8%) studies met our inclusion criteria. Among these 74 studies, 42 (57%) focused on predicting gender, 8 (11%) focused on predicting age, and 24 (32%) predicted a combination of both age and gender. Gender prediction was predominantly approached as a binary classification task, with the reported performance of the methods ranging from 0.58 to 0.96 F1-score or 0.51 to 0.97 accuracy. Age prediction approaches varied in terms of classification groups, with a higher range of reported performance, ranging from 0.31 to 0.94 F1-score or 0.43 to 0.86 accuracy. The heterogeneous nature of the studies and the reporting of dissimilar performance metrics made it challenging to quantitatively synthesize results and draw definitive conclusions. CONCLUSIONS Our review found that although automated methods for predicting the age and gender of Twitter users have evolved to incorporate techniques such as deep neural networks, a significant proportion of the attempts rely on traditional machine learning methods, suggesting that there is potential to improve the performance of these tasks by using more advanced methods. Gender prediction has generally achieved a higher reported performance than age prediction. However, the lack of standardized reporting of performance metrics or standard annotated corpora to evaluate the methods used hinders any meaningful comparison of the approaches. Potential biases stemming from the collection and labeling of data used in the studies was identified as a problem, emphasizing the need for careful consideration and mitigation of biases in future studies. This scoping review provides valuable insights into the methods used for predicting the age and gender of Twitter users, along with the challenges and considerations associated with these methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen O'Connor
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Su Golder
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Davy Weissenbacher
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ari Z Klein
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Arjun Magge
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tulliani N, Mills C, Collison L, Peel N, Fahey PP, Liu K. PROTOCOL: The effectiveness of sensory interventions targeted at improving occupational outcomes, quality of life, well-being and behavioural and psychological symptoms for older adults living with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2023; 19:e1322. [PMID: 37131459 PMCID: PMC10084746 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: The primary objective is to systematically review the available evidence of the effects of sensory interventions on quality of life, well-being, occupational participation, and behavioural and psychological symptoms of older adults living with dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Tulliani
- School of Health SciencesWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
| | - Caroline Mills
- School of Health SciencesWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
- Translation Health Research InstituteWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
| | - Lily Collison
- School of Health SciencesWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
| | - Nicole Peel
- School of Health SciencesWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
- Translation Health Research InstituteWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
| | - Paul P. Fahey
- School of Health SciencesWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
- Translation Health Research InstituteWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
| | - Karen Liu
- School of Health SciencesWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
- Translation Health Research InstituteWestern Sydney UniversityCampbelltownAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rommerskirch-Manietta M, Manietta C, Purwins D, Roes M. Counseling regarding the care of people with dementia with a focus on §7a SGB XI in Germany: a "gray-shaded" scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:358. [PMID: 37046266 PMCID: PMC10091840 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Care counseling is an important psychosocial intervention for people with care needs and their relatives and can contribute to maintaining and/or improving a patient's quality of life and reducing the burden of caregivers. This is especially the case for people with dementia and their relatives, in which the methods of care counseling need to be different than those for individuals with non-dementia related care needs. Furthermore, the counseling content needs to be adjusted to the specific form and stage of dementia. In Germany, every person who receives support per the German Social Law Book XI (SBG XI) can take advantage of care counseling according to §7a SGB XI. To date, there is no systematic overview of counseling services for people with dementia and their relatives related to this specific provision in Germany. METHODS We conducted a gray-shaded scoping review with a focus on the evaluation of care counseling according to §7a SGB XI for people with dementia and their relatives. For this purpose, we applied five search strategies. We researched (1) national electronic databases, (2) Google, (3) targeted websites, (4) experts, and (5) academic electronic databases. Additionally, for the included gray literature, we conducted backward citation tracking via reference lists and forward citation tracking via Google Scholar for scientific articles. Screening of the identified potentially relevant records was performed independently by two reviewers. RESULTS We identified 985 records and included 6 studies in our review. We divided the identified studies into three themes: understanding conceptual dimensions, digitalization of counseling, and understanding the perspective of those being counseled. No studies investigated the perspective and experience of people with dementia and their relatives regarding the counseling service according to §7a SGB XI. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that further research is needed, especially regarding the experience of people with dementia and their relatives who participated in counseling according to §7a SGB XI. It seems essential to understand the perspective of people with dementia and their relatives to improve and tailor counseling services in Germany. REGISTRATION The review protocol was prospectively published (BMJ Open 12:e059771, 2022).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mike Rommerskirch-Manietta
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany.
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing Science, Witten, Germany.
| | - Christina Manietta
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing Science, Witten, Germany
| | - Daniel Purwins
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing Science, Witten, Germany
| | - Martina Roes
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing Science, Witten, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Intelligent Process Automation and Business Continuity: Areas for Future Research. INFORMATION 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/info14020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Robotic process automation and intelligent process automation have gained a foothold in the automation of business processes, using blocks of software (bots). These agents interact with systems through interfaces, replacing human intervention with the aim of improving efficiency, reducing costs and mitigating risks by ensuring and enforcing compliance measures. However, there are aspects of the incorporation of this new reality within the business continuity lifecycle that are still unclear, and which need to be evaluated. This study provides a multivocal literature review of robotic process automation and intelligent process automation correlated with business continuity, to identify the level of awareness of these two emerging forms of automation within the business continuity management lifecycle. Based on the reviewed literature, the study develops a discussion of the main research areas for investigation, identifying what is attracting the attention of practitioners and researchers and which areas they highlight as promising for future research. Numerous sources from relevant backgrounds reveal an interest in these interrelated topics but there as yet is little or no information available on the direct connection between them.
Collapse
|
11
|
The uses of Patient Reported Experience Measures in health systems: A systematic narrative review. Health Policy 2023; 128:1-10. [PMID: 35934546 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many governments have programmes collecting and reporting patient experience data, captured through Patient Reported Experience Measures (PREMs). Our study aims to capture and describe all the ways in which PREM data are used within healthcare systems, and explore the impacts of using PREMs at one level (e.g. national health system strategy) on other levels (e.g. providers). METHODS We conducted a narrative review, underpinned by a systematic search of the literature. RESULTS 1,711 unique entries were identified through the search process. After abstract screening, 142 articles were reviewed in full, resulting in 28 for final inclusion. A majority of papers describe uses of PREMs at the micro level, focussed on improving quality of front-line care. Meso-level uses were in quality-based financing or for performance improvement. Few macro-level uses were identified. We found limited evidence of the impact of meso‑ and macro- efforts to stimulate action to improve patient experience at the micro-level. CONCLUSIONS PREM data are used as performance information at all levels in health systems. The use of PREM data at macro- and meso‑ levels may have an effect in stimulating action at the micro-level, but there is a lack of systematic evidence, or evaluation of these micro-level actions. Longitudinal studies would help better understand how to improve patient experience, and interfaces between PREM scores and the wider associated positive outcomes.
Collapse
|
12
|
Bahar RC, O’Shea AW, Li ES, Swallow MA, Allocco AA, Spak JM, Hafler JP. The pipeline starts in medical school: characterizing clinician-educator training programs for U.S. medical students. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2022; 27:2096841. [PMID: 35796419 PMCID: PMC9272942 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2022.2096841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past forty years, clinician-educators have become indispensable to academic medicine. Numerous clinician-educator-training programs exist within graduate medical education (GME) as clinician-educator tracks (CETs). However, there is a call for the clinician-educator pipeline to begin earlier. This work aims to identify and characterize clinician-educator track-like programs (CETLs) available in undergraduate medical education (UME). We developed an algorithm of 20 individual keyword queries to search the website of each U.S. allopathic medical school for CETLs. We performed the web search between March to April 2021 and repeated the search between July and September 2021. The search identified CETLs for 79 (51%) of the 155 U.S. allopathic medical schools. The identified CETLs commonly address the clinician-educator competency of educational theory (86%, 68/79), are formally organized as concentrations or analogous structures (52%, 41/79), and span all four years of medical school (37%, 29/79). The prevalence of CETLs varies with geography and medical school ranking. We provide an overview of the current state of CETLs as assessed from institutional websites. To create a future with a sustainable output of skilled clinician-educators, UME must continue to increase the number and quality of CETLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Bahar
- School of Medicine, Yale University,New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Aidan W. O’Shea
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Eric S. Li
- School of Medicine, Yale University,New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Judy M. Spak
- Yale School of Medicine, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Janet P. Hafler
- Yale School of Medicine, Teaching and Learning Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nielsen TL, Kruse NB, Haahr A, Hjelle EG, Bragstad LK, Palmar‐Santos A, Navarta‐Sánchez MV, Pedraz‐Marcos A, Pires SB, Roberts HC, Portillo MC. Exploring health and social services in Denmark, Norway, Spain and the United Kingdom for the development of Parkinson's care pathways. A document analysis. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e3507-e3518. [PMID: 35975602 PMCID: PMC10087449 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
People with Parkinson's disease (PD) may find it difficult to identify and access the wide number of services they need and are entitled to along their complex PD journey. As part of the project OPTIM-PARK - Optimisation of community resources and systems of support to enhance the process of living with Parkinson's Disease, document analysis was developed to create overviews of existing resources and systems of support in Denmark, Norway, Spain and the United Kingdom. Documents on community resources, policies, guidelines and professional recommendations were the main sources of information. They were sought systematically at official websites of the public sector (national and regional levels) and websites of non-governmental organisations and scientific societies; searches were performed in October 2020 and updated in September 2021. A higher-level cross-national content analysis integrated all the country-specific information. Data- and concept-driven coding frames were developed; trial coding and peer review strengthened face validity and reliability. The analysis led to overviews of: (1) Key aims at patient and societal levels. (2) Key elements in form of professional approaches. (3) Community resources. (4) Legally anchored services. In general, clear descriptions of how to implement care pathways and tools to facilitate delivery were missing in the included documents, and pathways and guidelines did not include referral to general social support, social security support or labour and employment support. The results shed light on the complex support systems and resources and can inspire the planning of more comprehensive care pathways for people with PD and other long-term conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tove Lise Nielsen
- Research Centre for Health and Welfare Technology, Programme for RehabilitationVIA University CollegeAarhusDenmark
- Department of Occupational Therapy in AarhusVIA University CollegeAarhusDenmark
| | - Naja Benigna Kruse
- Research Centre for Health and Welfare Technology, Programme for RehabilitationVIA University CollegeAarhusDenmark
- Department of Occupational Therapy in AarhusVIA University CollegeAarhusDenmark
| | - Anita Haahr
- Research Centre for Health and Welfare Technology, Programme for RehabilitationVIA University CollegeAarhusDenmark
- Department of Public Health, Nursing and HealthcareAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Ellen Gabrielsen Hjelle
- Department of Nursing Science and Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM)University of Oslo, NorwayOsloNorway
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and OrthoticsOslo Metropolitan UniversityOsloNorway
| | - Line Kildal Bragstad
- Department of Nursing Science and Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM)University of Oslo, NorwayOsloNorway
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and OrthoticsOslo Metropolitan UniversityOsloNorway
| | - Ana Palmar‐Santos
- Departamento de EnfermeríaUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de MedicinaMadridSpain
| | | | - Azucena Pedraz‐Marcos
- Departamento de EnfermeríaUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de MedicinaMadridSpain
| | - Sandra Bartolomeu Pires
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, School of Health SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Helen C. Roberts
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Mari Carmen Portillo
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, School of Health SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cooper C, Booth A, Husk K, Lovell R, Frost J, Schauberger U, Britten N, Garside R. A Tailored Approach: A model for literature searching in complex systematic reviews. J Inf Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/01655515221114452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work identified that nine leading guidance documents for seven different types of systematic review advocated the same process of literature searching. We defined and illustrated this process and we named it ‘the Conventional Approach’. The Conventional Approach appears to meet the needs of researchers undertaking literature searches for systematic reviews of clinical interventions. In this article, we report a new and alternate process model of literature searching called ‘A Tailored Approach’. A Tailored Approach is indicated as a search process for complex reviews which do not focus on the evaluation of clinical interventions. The aims of this article are to (1) explain the rationale for, and the theories behind, the design of A Tailored Approach; (2) report the current conceptual illustration of A Tailored Approach and to describe a user’s interaction with the process model; and (3) situate the elements novel to A Tailored Approach (when compared with the Conventional Approach) in the relevant literature. A Tailored Approach suggests investing time at the start of a review, to develop the information needs from the research objectives, and to tailor the search approach to studies or data. Tailored Approaches should be led by the information specialist (librarian) but developed by the research team. The aim is not necessarily to focus on comprehensive retrieval. Further research is indicated to evaluate the use of supplementary search methods, methods of team-working to define search approaches, and to evaluate the use of conceptual models of information retrieval for testing and evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Cooper
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Manietta C, Rommerskirch-Manietta M, Purwins D, Roes M. Consulting concepts and structures for people with dementia in Germany: a protocol for a 'grey-shaded' scoping review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059771. [PMID: 35396314 PMCID: PMC8995961 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Literature reviews represent an important type of study for the various professions in healthcare. The consideration and inclusion of grey literature is gaining importance in all types of reviews. However, searching for grey literature is challenging for different reasons and the search is often insufficiently transparently reported in reviews. The aim of this protocol is to describe our planned methodical approach for a scoping review with a specific focus on grey literature related to the topic of consulting according to §7a of the German Social Law, Book XI (SGB XI) for people with dementia and their relatives in Germany. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will use the following search strategies: (1) search in the German electronic databases, for example, Livivo and GeroLit (via GBV), (2) google search engines, (3) targeted websites, for example, Alzheimer's association and (4) contact experts, for example, stakeholders of private care insurance companies who provide consulting according to §7a SGB XI. Additionally, we will conduct a search in the academic electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed) and CINAHL (via EBSCO). For included grey literature, we will conduct a backward citation tracking via reference lists. For included scientific articles, we will conduct a backward (via reference lists) and forward (via Google scholar) citation tracking. Each strategy will be conducted by one reviewer. Screening of the identified potentially relevant records will be conducted in Covidence by two reviewers independently. Results will be charted in a table and illustrated descriptively. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION There are no ethical concerns with conducting a scoping review. We will discuss our results regarding consulting according to §7a SGB XI for people with dementia and their relatives with a variety of stakeholders in Germany. We will disseminate the thematic results and the methodological reflection of our search approach in the form of articles in peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed journals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Manietta
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Mike Rommerskirch-Manietta
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Daniel Purwins
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Martina Roes
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McCluskey J, Gallagher AL, Murphy CA. Reflective practice across speech and language therapy and education: a protocol for an integrative review. HRB Open Res 2022; 4:29. [PMID: 34853822 PMCID: PMC8591512 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13234.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective co-practice is considered a linchpin of inclusive education. Speech and language therapists (SLT), in collaboration with teachers, are amongst the professionals who have a role in ensuring inclusion for students. The challenges of collaboration are well documented, with communication considered a potential antidote. Proposals for how collaborative communication can take place often align with models of reflection. Uncertainty around a shared language for reflection within and across the professions of teaching and SLT may pose a barrier to it occurring. Reflection has long been documented as a strategy used by effective clinicians to improve practice. Hence, teachers and SLTs reflecting together could be considered 'a port of entry' for effective collaborative practice. This study aims to synthesise literature and knowledge on the phenomenon of reflective practice across the professions to facilitate collaboration for inclusive education. The method of qualitative evidence synthesis will be an integrative review. A systematic search will be conducted to extract empirical studies, reviews and theoretical papers on the topic of reflection across both professions. An adapted version of the PRISMA reporting guidelines will be used in the development, design and reporting of this review. Four databases will be searched: CINAHL, SCOPUS, Education Source and ERIC. A web-based search will also be conducted to retrieve relevant policy documents. Included literature will be appraised using the M-MAT and an adapted checklist from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Deductive content analysis will endeavour to determine if a shared language exists about reflection, across the professions of teaching and speech and language therapy. Establishing a shared language represents a first step towards the development of a framework for collaborative reflection between teachers and SLTs. This is turn serves to inform future research, policy and practice regarding how speech and language therapist can work collaboratively with teachers in schools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica McCluskey
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland,
| | - Aoife L. Gallagher
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland,Health Implementation Science and Technology Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Carol-Anne Murphy
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland,Health Implementation Science and Technology Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pawlak N, Jayaraman S. Response to Letter to the Editor: Commentary on "Academic Global Surgery Curricula: Current Status and a Call for a More Equitable Approach". J Surg Res 2022; 272:192. [PMID: 35027229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Pawlak
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Sudha Jayaraman
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
McCluskey J, Gallagher AL, Murphy CA. Reflective practice across speech and language therapy and education: a protocol for an integrative review. HRB Open Res 2021; 4:29. [PMID: 34853822 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13234.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective co-practice is considered a linchpin of inclusive education. Speech and language therapists (SLT), in collaboration with teachers, are amongst the professionals who have a role in ensuring inclusion for students. The challenges of collaboration are well documented, with communication considered a potential antidote. Proposals for how collaborative communication can take place often align with models of reflection. Uncertainty around a shared language for reflection within and across the professions of teaching and SLT may pose a barrier to it occurring. Reflection has long been documented as a strategy used by effective clinicians to improve practice. Hence, teachers and SLTs reflecting together could be considered 'a port of entry' for effective collaborative practice. This study aims to synthesise literature and knowledge on the phenomenon of reflective practice across the professions to facilitate collaboration for inclusive education. The method of qualitative evidence synthesis will be an integrative review. A systematic search will be conducted to extract empirical studies, reviews and theoretical papers on the topic of reflection across both professions. An adapted version of the PRISMA reporting guidelines will be used in the development, design and reporting of this review. Four databases will be searched: CINAHL, SCOPUS, Education Source and ERIC. A web-based search will also be conducted to retrieve relevant policy documents. Included literature will be appraised using the M-MAT and an adapted checklist from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Deductive content analysis will endeavour to determine if a shared language exists about reflection, across the professions of teaching and speech and language therapy. Establishing a shared language represents a first step towards the development of a framework for collaborative reflection between teachers and SLTs. This is turn serves to inform future research, policy and practice regarding how speech and language therapist can work collaboratively with teachers in schools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica McCluskey
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Aoife L Gallagher
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.,Health Implementation Science and Technology Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Carol-Anne Murphy
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.,Health Implementation Science and Technology Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Grundy EA, Slattery P, Saeri AK, Watkins K, Houlden T, Farr N, Askin H, Lee J, Mintoft-Jones A, Cyna S, Dziegielewski A, Gelber R, Rowe A, Mathur MB, Timmons S, Zhao K, Wilks M, Peacock JR, Harris J, Rosenfeld DL, Bryant C, Moss D, Zorker M. Interventions that Influence Animal-Product Consumption: A Meta-Review. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
|
20
|
Heath A, Levay P, Tuvey D. Literature searching methods or guidance and their application to public health topics: A narrative review. Health Info Libr J 2021; 39:6-21. [PMID: 34850535 PMCID: PMC9300102 DOI: 10.1111/hir.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Information specialists conducting searches for systematic reviews need to consider key questions around which and how many sources to search. This is particularly important for public health topics where evidence may be found in diverse sources. Objectives The objective of this review is to give an overview of recent studies on information retrieval guidance and methods that could be applied to public health evidence and used to guide future searches. Methods A literature search was performed in core databases and supplemented by browsing health information journals and citation searching. Results were sifted and reviewed. Results Seventy‐two papers were found and grouped into themes covering sources and search techniques. Public health topics were poorly covered in this literature. Discussion Many researchers follow the recommendations to search multiple databases. The review topic influences decisions about sources. Additional sources covering grey literature eliminate bias but are time‐consuming and difficult to search systematically. Public health searching is complex, often requiring searches in multidisciplinary sources and using additional methods. Conclusions Search planning is advisable to enable decisions about which and how many sources to search. This could improve with more work on modelling search scenarios, particularly in public health topics, to examine where publications were found and guide future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Heath
- Information Services, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), London, UK
| | - Paul Levay
- Information Services, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Manchester, UK
| | - Daniel Tuvey
- Information Services, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mącznik AK, Mehta P, Kaur M. Can We Go Online for Sports Injury Prevention? A Systematic Review of English-Language Websites with Exercise-Based Sports Injury Risk Reduction Programmes. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2021; 7:80. [PMID: 34716826 PMCID: PMC8557234 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Preventing sports injuries is at the forefront of sports medicine. Although effective preventive strategies in scientific literature exist, their implementation is lagging behind. The Internet could support the translation of knowledge from the literature to end-users, but the quality of the online resources would have to be assured. This online-based systematic review is to assess availability, readability, quality, and content of the websites presenting exercise-based sports injury risk reduction (prevention) programmes. Moreover, the quality of reporting and contents of the exercise programmes were assessed. Methods Google, Yahoo, and Bing were searched on 2 September 2018. We used ‘sports injury prevention program*’ and ‘sports injury prevention warm-up’ as search phrases. The owners/authors of the included websites were asked for further recommendations on online resources. Search updates were run in DuckDuckGo on 15 May 2020 and 22 August 2021. Eligible websites were active, in English, and contained instructions for the exercise/s aiming at sports injury prevention. Two reviewers independently screened the links and previews and performed an in-depth appraisal of included websites. The website quality was assessed using JAMA framework criteria and Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode) certification. The readability of websites was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease score. The reporting appraisal of exercise programmes was done using the modified Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT). Results Among 480 websites screened, 16 were eligible with an additional four recommended and nine found in search updates (29 in total). None of the websites was certified by HONcode. The overall quality of websites was low 2.1 ± 1.0/4, but overall readability was high 67 ± 17/100. The average quality of reporting of exercise programmes was low 5.79 ± 3.1/12. Websites with community input had the lowest readability, but the highest quality, and vice versa websites run by businesses had the highest readability, but the lowest quality. Eight websites presented programmes tested for effectiveness. Conclusions Overall, the quality of the websites was low, but their readability was high. Improvements required are relatively easy to implement (i.e. including the date when the website was updated, applying for HONcode certification) and extremely important (e.g. providing resources on which the website’s content is based). There are some sports injury risk reduction programmes reported with high quality and effectiveness-tested available online for team sports, but none for individual sports. Trial Registration This review has been registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42019107104).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Katarzyna Mącznik
- Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Poonam Mehta
- Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Monnelly K, Marshall J, Cruice M. Intensive Comprehensive Aphasia Programmes: a systematic scoping review and analysis using the TIDieR checklist for reporting interventions. Disabil Rehabil 2021; 44:6471-6496. [PMID: 34445900 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1964626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aphasia is an acquired language disorder that typically occurs as a result of a stroke. People with aphasia experience communication difficulties and risk secondary impacts, for example, affecting social and work life and mental health. Intensive Comprehensive Aphasia Programmes (ICAPs) aims to address the multiple consequences of aphasia using intensive intervention and a wide range of therapy approaches. Although basic parameters of ICAP intervention have been defined, a fuller characterisation is needed. This systematic scoping review aimed to determine what constitutes an ICAP. METHODS Peer-reviewed and Grey databases were searched for articles on ICAPs using Joanna Brigg's Institute methodology. Data was extracted following the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist for reporting interventions and synthesised using a narrative synthesis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS 17 ICAPs were reported in 20 peer-reviewed literature sources (9 ICAPs supplemented by Grey literature sources). There were high degrees of variation in dose, professionals involved, and no qualitative data from participants. Of note, ICAP intervention was highly tailored to individual participants on the same ICAP, and intervention content varied between ICAPs. ICAPs appear to be rationalised as intensive impairment-based programmes with other components added for comprehensiveness. Stronger rationale and a logic model are required to justify the core components of ICAPs. The input of stakeholders into designing future ICAP interventions is recommended.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe ICAP model is in its infancy when it comes to mainstream clinical application as only the intensity component of the ICAP has clear theoretical underpinning as reported in the peer-reviewed literature.There have been clinical uptakes of the ICAP model which is likely to continue and is valid in the context of an under-researched area of aphasia therapy and on a background of a less than perfect relationship between evidence base and practice.Aspects of the ICAP model are valid for clinicians to implement, for example, intensive evidence-based aphasia therapy in combination with therapy which addresses some of the broader implications of aphasia, for example, social isolation.Clinicians can use the ICAP model to review their existing service provision and explore whether their service provides aphasia therapy that addresses the multiple aspects of aphasia (i.e., ensuring the focus is not only on impairment-based therapy).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Monnelly
- Division of Language and Communication Science, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jane Marshall
- Division of Language and Communication Science, University of London, London, UK
| | - Madeline Cruice
- Division of Language and Communication Science, University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Booi L, Wheatley A, Brunskill G, Banerjee S, Manthorpe J, Robinson L, Bamford C. Outcomes valued by people living with dementia and their care partners: protocol for a qualitative systematic review and synthesis. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050909. [PMID: 34413109 PMCID: PMC8378359 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing numbers of interventions are being developed to support people and families living with dementia, but the extent to which they address the areas of most importance to the intended recipients is unclear. This qualitative review will synthesise outcomes identified as important from the perspectives of people living with dementia and their care partners, both for themselves and each other. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The review will employ thematic synthesis methodology. Studies from 1990 or later will be eligible if they include qualitative data on the views of people living with dementia or their care partners on valued outcomes or the lived experience of dementia. Databases to be searched include MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycInfo and Social Sciences Premium Collection, in addition to systematically gathered grey literature. Rayyan QCRI software will be used to manage the screening processes, and NVivo software will be used to manage data extraction and analysis. The review will also critically evaluate the extent to which international recommendations address the areas of importance to people living with dementia and their families. The findings will be of relevance to researchers, policy makers and providers and commissioners of dementia services. The protocol is written in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION As the methodology of this study consists of collecting data from publicly available articles, it does not require ethical approval. We will share the results through conference presentations and an open-access publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Our mixed stakeholder involvement group will advise on dissemination to non-academic audiences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020219274.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Booi
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alison Wheatley
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Greta Brunskill
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sube Banerjee
- Office of Vice Chancellor, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Jill Manthorpe
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, The Policy Institute at King's, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Claire Bamford
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Voss M, Swart O, Abel L, Mahtani K. Capacity-building partnerships for surgical post-graduate training in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review of the literature with exploratory thematic synthesis. Health Policy Plan 2021; 35:1385-1412. [PMID: 33159525 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czaa075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, international surgical programmes have moved away from vertical service delivery and towards collaborative, capacity-building partnerships. The aim of this review was to provide a map of the current literature on international surgical training partnerships together with an exploration of factors influencing their implementation. Three bibliographic databases were searched for peer-reviewed reports of surgical training partnerships between organizations in high- and low or middle-income countries to July 2018. Reports were sorted in an iterative fashion into groups of similar programmes, and data were extracted to record the intervention strategies, context, financing, reported results and themes around implementation. Eighty-six reports were grouped into five types of programme: full residency training, bi-institutional twinning partnerships, diagonal/sub-specialist programmes, focused interventions or courses and programmes using remote support. Few articles were written from the perspective of the low-middle income partner. Full residency programmes and some diagonal/sub-specialist programmes report numbers trained while twinning partnerships and focused interventions tend to focus on process, partners' reactions to the programme and learning metrics. Two thematic networks emerged from the thematic synthesis. The first made explicit the mechanisms by which partnerships are expected to contribute to improved access to surgical care and a second identified the importance of in-country leadership in determining programme results. Training partnerships are assumed to improve access to surgical care by a number of routes. A candidate programme theory is proposed together with some more focused theories that could inform future research. Supporting the development of the surgical leadership in low- and middle-income countries is key.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Voss
- Harris Manchester College, Savile Road Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TZ, UK
| | - Oostewalt Swart
- Department of Surgery, Worcester Hospital, Murray Street, Worcester 6840, South Africa
| | - Lucy Abel
- Nuffield Department of Primary Healthcare Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Kamal Mahtani
- Nuffield Department of Primary Healthcare Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Afshan G, Khan RI, Ahmed A, Siddiqui AS, Rehman A, Raza SA, Kerai R, Mustafa K. Post-operative pain management modalities employed in clinical trials for adult patients in LMIC; a systematic review. BMC Anesthesiol 2021; 21:160. [PMID: 34034672 PMCID: PMC8152022 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-021-01375-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unrelieved postoperative pain afflicts millions each year in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Despite substantial advances in the study of pain, this area remains neglected. Current systematic review was designed to ascertain the types of clinical trials conducted in LMIC on postoperative pain management modalities over the last decade. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed in June 2019 on PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Plus, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant trials on the management of postoperative pain in LMIC. Out of 1450 RCTs, 108 studies were reviewed for quality evidence using structured form of critical appraisal skill program. Total of 51 clinical trials were included after applying inclusion/exclusion criteria. RESULTS Results are charted according to the type of surgery. Eleven trials on laparoscopic cholecystectomy used multimodal analgesia including some form of regional analgesia. Different analgesic modalities were studied in 4 trials on thoracotomy, but none used multimodal approach. In 11 trials on laparotomy, multimodal analgesia was employed along with the studied modalities. In 2 trials on hysterectomy, preemptive pregabalin or gabapentin were used for reduction in rescue analgesia. In 13 trials on breast surgical procedures and 10 on orthopaedic surgery, multimodal analgesia was used with some form of regional analgesia. CONCLUSION We found that over the past 10 years, clinical trials for postoperative pain modalities have evolved in LMIC according to the current postoperative pain management guidelines i.e. multi-modal approach with some form of regional analgesia. The current review shows that clinical trials were conducted using multimodal analgesia including but not limited to some form of regional analgesia for postoperative pain in LMIC however this research snapshot (of only three countries) may not exactly reflect the clinical practices in all 47 countries. Post Operative Pain Management Modalities Employed in Clinical Trials for Adult Patients in LMIC; A Systematic Review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gauhar Afshan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
| | - Robyna Irshad Khan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Aliya Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sarfraz Siddiqui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rehman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Amir Raza
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rozina Kerai
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Khawaja Mustafa
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Burish MJ, Ahmed ZA, Rosen NL, Halker Singh RB. Grand rounds education in neurology, with a focus on headache medicine. Headache 2021; 61:1077-1085. [PMID: 33990947 DOI: 10.1111/head.14116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify the proportion of headache-related grand rounds in academic neurology programs and to compare this with adult neurology residency director views on the need for an increase in headache-related grand rounds. BACKGROUND Although headache are among the most prevalent and most burdensome neurologic conditions, headache medicine is often considered underrepresented in neurology departments. Additionally, prior studies have shown that many neurology residency directors feel that training programs do not include an adequate amount of exposure to headache clinics or headache-related didactics. One important aspect of didactic education in neurology departments is adult neurology grand rounds. Previous publications have evaluated neither the proportion of headache-related grand rounds in academic neurology departments nor the residency program directors' views on appropriate amount of headache-related grand rounds. Our study has attempted to quantify this information to elucidate opportunities to improve practice educational gaps. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed adult neurology residency directors (from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education [ACGME] listing of academic adult neurology residency programs) between October 2018 and September 2019. In addition, we used two methods to obtain the proportion of headache-related grand rounds in neurology: (1) emailing residency directors a questionnaire asking for a list of prior grand rounds topics and (2) an online search for each academic neurology program. RESULTS First, for our grand rounds analysis, headache medicine consisted of 3.7% of the lectures in 2017-2018 and 6.3% of the lectures in 2018-2019 (average of each institution; 17 institutions and 411 total lectures in 2017-2018, 21 institutions and 463 total lectures in 2018-2019). The most common number of lectures on headache medicine for each grand rounds series was zero (for 7 of 17 grand rounds series in 2017-2018 and 7 of 21 in 2018-2019), followed closely by one lecture (for 6 of 17 grand rounds series in 2017-2018 and 6 of 21 in 2018-2019). Second, for our survey, the response rate was 19.3% (29/150). No residency director thought their institution had too many grand rounds dedicated to headache medicine, and 62.1% (18/29) thought they had an adequate amount of headache grand rounds. Within the survey responders, 75.9% (22/29) of adult neurology residency programs have a board-certified headache specialist at their institution. CONCLUSIONS Although most adult neurology residency directors believe that headache is adequately represented in adult neurology grand rounds, headache medicine makes up 4%-6% of all neurology grand rounds. Compared with other neurology subspecialties and the other core ACGME milestones, headache makes up the fewest grand rounds lectures that were assessed in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Burish
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zubair A Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Noah L Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Zucker School of Medicine at Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rethlefsen ML, Kirtley S, Waffenschmidt S, Ayala AP, Moher D, Page MJ, Koffel JB. PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA statement for reporting literature searches in systematic reviews . J Med Libr Assoc 2021; 109:174-200. [PMID: 34285662 PMCID: PMC8270366 DOI: 10.5195/jmla.2021.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature searches underlie the foundations of systematic reviews and related review types. Yet, the literature searching component of systematic reviews and related review types is often poorly reported. Guidance for literature search reporting has been diverse and, in many cases, does not offer enough detail to authors who need more specific information about reporting search methods and information sources in a clear, reproducible way. This document presents the PRISMA-S (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension) checklist, and explanation and elaboration. METHODS The checklist was developed using a three-stage Delphi survey process, followed by a consensus conference and public review process. RESULTS The final checklist includes sixteen reporting items, each of which is detailed with exemplar reporting and rationale. CONCLUSIONS The intent of PRISMA-S is to complement the PRISMA Statement and its extensions by providing a checklist that could be used by interdisciplinary authors, editors, and peer reviewers to verify that each component of a search is completely reported and, therefore, reproducible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Rethlefsen
- , Executive Director and Professor, Health Sciences Library & Informatics Center, University of New Mexico
| | - Shona Kirtley
- , Senior Research Information Specialist, UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine (CSM), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Siw Waffenschmidt
- , Head of the Information Management Unit, Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana Patricia Ayala
- , Research Services Librarian, Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Moher
- , Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, Centre for Practice Changing Research Building, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew J. Page
- , Research Fellow, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan B. Koffel
- , Emerging Technology and Innovation Strategist, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - PRISMA-S Group
- , Executive Director and Professor, Health Sciences Library & Informatics Center, University of New Mexico
- , Senior Research Information Specialist, UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine (CSM), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
- , Head of the Information Management Unit, Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care, Cologne, Germany
- , Research Services Librarian, Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- , Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, Centre for Practice Changing Research Building, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- , Research Fellow, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- , Emerging Technology and Innovation Strategist, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cooper C, Lorenc T, Schauberger U. What you see depends on where you sit: The effect of geographical location on web-searching for systematic reviews: A case study. Res Synth Methods 2021; 12:557-570. [PMID: 33713573 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is limited guidance on how to web-search in systematic reviews and concern relates to the reproducibility of searches using search engines such as Google. The aim of this paper is to address one potential source of variation in Google searches: does the geographical location of a researcher affect Google search returns? Using a virtual private network, we ran the same web-search for the medical technology Dasatinib in 12 different countries. Two researchers independently extracted the search returns by country organised by page rank. We compared: C1. any difference in the items returned by Google searches between countries and C2. any difference in the page rank of items returned between countries. Searches were undertaken on Monday September 28th 2020. From 12 countries, 43 items were identified. For C1: 19 items were common to all 12 countries. Twenty-four items were missed by searches in some countries. This means that there were differences in search returns between countries. For C2: a randomised trial reported by Raddich et al was the first search return for all countries. All other items, common to all countries, varied in their page-rank. We find that geographic location would appear to influence Google search returns based on the findings of this case study. The findings suggest that recording the location of the researcher undertaking web-searching may now be an important factor to report alongside detail on steps taken to minimise personalisation of web-searches covered by recent guidance. This finding also has implications for stopping-rules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Cooper
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Theo Lorenc
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rethlefsen ML, Kirtley S, Waffenschmidt S, Ayala AP, Moher D, Page MJ, Koffel JB. PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews. Syst Rev 2021; 10:39. [PMID: 33499930 PMCID: PMC7839230 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 852] [Impact Index Per Article: 284.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature searches underlie the foundations of systematic reviews and related review types. Yet, the literature searching component of systematic reviews and related review types is often poorly reported. Guidance for literature search reporting has been diverse, and, in many cases, does not offer enough detail to authors who need more specific information about reporting search methods and information sources in a clear, reproducible way. This document presents the PRISMA-S (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension) checklist, and explanation and elaboration. METHODS The checklist was developed using a 3-stage Delphi survey process, followed by a consensus conference and public review process. RESULTS The final checklist includes 16 reporting items, each of which is detailed with exemplar reporting and rationale. CONCLUSIONS The intent of PRISMA-S is to complement the PRISMA Statement and its extensions by providing a checklist that could be used by interdisciplinary authors, editors, and peer reviewers to verify that each component of a search is completely reported and therefore reproducible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Rethlefsen
- Health Science Center Libraries, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Shona Kirtley
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine (CSM), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Siw Waffenschmidt
- Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana Patricia Ayala
- Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, Centre for Practice Changing Research Building, 501 Smyth Road, PO BOX 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6 Canada
| | - Matthew J. Page
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kirkham JJ, Penfold NC, Murphy F, Boutron I, Ioannidis JP, Polka J, Moher D. Systematic examination of preprint platforms for use in the medical and biomedical sciences setting. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e041849. [PMID: 33376175 PMCID: PMC7778769 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this review is to identify all preprint platforms with biomedical and medical scope and to compare and contrast the key characteristics and policies of these platforms. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Preprint platforms that were launched up to 25 June 2019 and have a biomedical and medical scope according to MEDLINE's journal selection criteria were identified using existing lists, web-based searches and the expertise of both academic and non-academic publication scientists. A data extraction form was developed, pilot tested and used to collect data from each preprint platform's webpage(s). RESULTS A total of 44 preprint platforms were identified as having biomedical and medical scope, 17 (39%) were hosted by the Open Science Framework preprint infrastructure, 6 (14%) were provided by F1000 Research (the Open Research Central infrastructure) and 21 (48%) were other independent preprint platforms. Preprint platforms were either owned by non-profit academic groups, scientific societies or funding organisations (n=28; 64%), owned/partly owned by for-profit publishers or companies (n=14; 32%) or owned by individuals/small communities (n=2; 5%). Twenty-four (55%) preprint platforms accepted content from all scientific fields although some of these had restrictions relating to funding source, geographical region or an affiliated journal's remit. Thirty-three (75%) preprint platforms provided details about article screening (basic checks) and 14 (32%) of these actively involved researchers with context expertise in the screening process. Almost all preprint platforms allow submission to any peer-reviewed journal following publication, have a preservation plan for read access and most have a policy regarding reasons for retraction and the sustainability of the service. CONCLUSION A large number of preprint platforms exist for use in biomedical and medical sciences, all of which offer researchers an opportunity to rapidly disseminate their research findings onto an open-access public server, subject to scope and eligibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J Kirkham
- Centre for Biostatistics, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Isabelle Boutron
- Université de Paris, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Inserm, Paris, France
| | - John P Ioannidis
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS) and Departments of Medicine, of Epidemiology and Population Health, of Biomedical Data Science, and of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Coleman S, Wright JM, Nixon J, Schoonhoven L, Twiddy M, Greenhalgh J. Searching for Programme theories for a realist evaluation: a case study comparing an academic database search and a simple Google search. BMC Med Res Methodol 2020; 20:217. [PMID: 32847521 PMCID: PMC7450563 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-020-01084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Realist methodologies are increasingly being used to evaluate complex interventions in health and social care. Programme theory (ideas and assumptions of how a particular intervention works) development is the first step in a realist evaluation or a realist synthesis, with literature reviews providing important evidence to support this. Deciding how to search for programme theories is challenging and there is limited guidance available. Using an example of identifying programme theories for a realist evaluation of Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Instruments in clinical practice, the authors explore and compare several different approaches to literature searching and highlight important methodological considerations for those embarking on a programme theory review. METHODS We compared the performance of an academic database search with a simple Google search and developed an optimised search strategy for the identification primary references (i.e. documents providing the clearest examples of programme theories) associated with the use of Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Instruments (PU-RAIs). We identified the number of primary references and the total number of references retrieved per source. We then calculated the number needed to read (NNR) expressed as the total number of titles and abstracts screened to identify one relevant reference from each source. RESULTS The academic database search (comprising CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, HMIC, Medline) identified 2 /10 primary references with a NNR of 1395.The Google search identified 7/10 primary references with a NNR of 10.1. The combined NNR was 286.3. The optimised search combining Google and CINAHL identified 10/10 primary references with a NNR of 40.2. CONCLUSION The striking difference between the efficiency of the review's academic database and Google searches in finding relevant references prompted an in-depth comparison of the two types of search. The findings indicate the importance of including grey literature sources such as Google in this particular programme theory search, while acknowledging the need for transparency of methods. Further research is needed to facilitate improved guidance for programme theory searches to enhance practice in the realist field and to save researcher time and therefore resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Coleman
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Judy M. Wright
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Jane Nixon
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Lisette Schoonhoven
- University Medical Center Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht. Internal mail Str. 6.131 PO Box 85500, 3508 Utrecht, GA Netherlands
| | - Maureen Twiddy
- Mixed Methods Research. Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX UK
| | - Joanne Greenhalgh
- Department of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Briscoe S, Nunns M, Shaw L. How do Cochrane authors conduct web searching to identify studies? Findings from a cross‐sectional sample of Cochrane Reviews. Health Info Libr J 2020; 37:293-318. [DOI: 10.1111/hir.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Briscoe
- Exeter PRP Evidence Review Facility Institute of Health Research University of Exeter Medical School University of Exeter Exeter UK
| | - Michael Nunns
- Exeter PRP Evidence Review Facility Institute of Health Research University of Exeter Medical School University of Exeter Exeter UK
| | - Liz Shaw
- Exeter PRP Evidence Review Facility Institute of Health Research University of Exeter Medical School University of Exeter Exeter UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Harriss L, Parrack C, Jordan Z. Building safety in humanitarian programmes that support post-disaster shelter self-recovery: an evidence review. DISASTERS 2020; 44:307-335. [PMID: 31343759 PMCID: PMC7154719 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The humanitarian sector is increasingly aware of the role that good quality evidence plays in the underpinning of effective and accountable practice. This review addresses the need for reliable evidence by evaluating current knowledge about the intersection of two key outcome targets of post-disaster shelter response: supporting shelter self-recovery and building back safer. Evidence about post-disaster shelter programmes that aim to improve hazard resistance while supporting shelter self-recovery has been systematically analysed and evaluated. Technical support, especially training in safer construction techniques, was found to be a central programme feature, but the impact of this and other programme attributes on building safety was largely not ascertainable. Programme reports and studies lack sufficient detail, especially on the hazard resistance of repaired houses. Accounts of shelter programmes need to include more reliable reporting of key activities and assessment of outcomes, in order to contribute to the growing evidence base in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Harriss
- Visiting Researcher, Centre for Development and Emergency Practice, School of ArchitectureOxford Brookes UniversityUnited Kingdom
| | - Charles Parrack
- Senior Lecturer, Centre for Development and Emergency Practice, School of ArchitectureOxford Brookes UniversityUnited Kingdom
| | - Zoe Jordan
- Research Assistant, Centre for Development and Emergency Practice, School of ArchitectureOxford Brookes UniversityUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Morris ME, Ellis TD, Jazayeri D, Heng H, Thomson A, Balasundaram AP, Slade SC. Boxing for Parkinson's Disease: Has Implementation Accelerated Beyond Current Evidence? Front Neurol 2019; 10:1222. [PMID: 31866923 PMCID: PMC6904341 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise and physical activity are argued to promote neural plasticity in Parkinson's disease (PD), with potential to slow disease progression. Boxing for PD is rapidly growing in popularity. Objectives: (i) To evaluate evidence on benefits and risks of boxing exercises for people living with PD and (ii) to appraise websites for evidence of global implementation of this intervention. Data Sources: We searched AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, EMCARE, Health and Medical Collection via ProQuest, MEDLINE, and PEDro electronic databases for the research literature. Websites were also searched for evidence of successful implementation of boxing for PD. Study Selection: Published research and websites were considered if they reported data on adults with PD and boxing as an intervention. Data Extraction: For the literature review, two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics and intervention content. Risk of bias was assessed with the PEDro scale and Joanna Briggs Checklist. We conducted a quality appraisal of websites using the QUality Evaluation Scoring Tool (QUEST). Data Synthesis: Two studies, with a total of 37 participants, met the review eligibility criteria for the literature review. Risk of bias was low in these trials. Balance confidence, mobility, and quality of life were reported to improve with community-based boxing training programs delivered in 24-36 sessions over 12 weeks. PD medications were not always documented and some elements of the boxing interventions were incompletely reported against the CERT (Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template). Nine websites advocating boxing programs for PD were also evaluated. The QUEST analysis showed low-level quality, and little scientific evidence verifying findings, despite positive reports. Limitations: In the published literature, findings were limited due to the small number of included studies and participants. Websites were numerous yet often lacked verifiable data. Conclusions: Despite the recent growth in the popularity of boxing for PD and some positive findings, there is limited evidence of efficacy. Risks and disease-specific modifications have not been reported. Safety guidelines and health professional training are key considerations for implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meg E. Morris
- La Trobe Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine Research, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Healthscope North Eastern Centre, Ivanhoe, VIC, Australia
| | - Terry D. Ellis
- Center for Neurorehabilitation, Boston University College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Sargent College, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dana Jazayeri
- La Trobe Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine Research, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Healthscope North Eastern Centre, Ivanhoe, VIC, Australia
| | - Hazel Heng
- La Trobe Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine Research, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrea Thomson
- La Trobe Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine Research, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Arun Prasad Balasundaram
- La Trobe Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine Research, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan C. Slade
- La Trobe Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine Research, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Healthscope North Eastern Centre, Ivanhoe, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sutton A, Clowes M, Preston L, Booth A. Meeting the review family: exploring review types and associated information retrieval requirements. Health Info Libr J 2019; 36:202-222. [DOI: 10.1111/hir.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Sutton
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Mark Clowes
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Louise Preston
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Andrew Booth
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sim SY, Jit M, Constenla D, Peters DH, Hutubessy RCW. A Scoping Review of Investment Cases for Vaccines and Immunization Programs. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2019; 22:942-952. [PMID: 31426936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many investment cases have recently been published intending to show the value of new health investments, but without consistent methodological approaches. OBJECTIVES To conduct a scoping review of existing investment cases (using vaccines and immunization programs as an example), identify common characteristics that define these investment cases, and examine their role within the broader context of the vaccine development and introduction. METHODS A systematic search was conducted from January 1980 to November 2017 to identify investment cases in the area of vaccines and immunization programs from gray literature and electronic bibliographic databases. Investment case outcomes, objectives, key variables, target audiences, and funding sources were extracted and analyzed according to their reporting frequency. RESULTS We found 24 investment cases, and most of them aim to provide information for decisions (12 cases) or advocate for a specific agenda (9 cases). Outcomes presented fell into 4 broad categories-burden of disease, cost of investment, impact of investment, and other considerations for implementation. Number of deaths averted (70%), incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (67%), and reduction in health and socioeconomic inequalities (54%) were the most frequently reported outcome measures for impact of investment. Health system capacity (79%) and vaccine financing landscape (75%) were the most common considerations for implementation. A sizable proportion (41.4%) of investment cases did not reveal their funding sources. CONCLUSIONS This review describes information that is critical to decision making about resource mobilization and allocation concerning vaccines. Global efforts to harmonize investment cases more broadly will increase transparency and comparability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Yoon Sim
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Jit
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Dagna Constenla
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David H Peters
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raymond C W Hutubessy
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Buckner S, Darlington N, Woodward M, Buswell M, Mathie E, Arthur A, Lafortune L, Killett A, Mayrhofer A, Thurman J, Goodman C. Dementia Friendly Communities in England: A scoping study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 34:1235-1243. [PMID: 30993756 PMCID: PMC6766876 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the characteristics of Dementia Friendly Communities (DFCs) across England in order to inform a national evaluation of their impact on the lives of those affected by dementia. METHODS DFCs in England were identified through online searches and Alzheimer's Society records. A subsample (n = 100) were purposively selected for in-depth study based on online searches and, where necessary, follow-up telephone calls. Data collection and analysis were guided by a pilot evaluation tool for DFCs that addressed how DFCs are organised and resourced and how their impact is assessed. The evidence was predominantly qualitative, in addition to some descriptive quantitative information. RESULTS Of 284 DFCs identified, 251 were defined by geographical location, while 33 were communities of interest. Among 100 sampled DFCs, 89 had been set up or started activities following policy endorsement of DFCs in 2012. In the resourcing of DFCs, statutory agencies and charities played an important role. Among DFC activities, awareness raising was cited most commonly. There was some evidence of involvement of people living with dementia in organisational and operational aspects of DFCs. Approaches to evaluation varied, with little evidence of findings having effected change. CONCLUSIONS DFCs are characterised by variation in type, resourcing, and activities. England has policy endorsement and a recognition system for DFCs. These can be important catalysts for initiation and growth. A systematic approach to evaluation is lacking. This would enable DFCs to be consistent in how they demonstrate progress and how they enable people living with dementia to live well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Buckner
- Cambridge Institute of Public HealthUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Nicole Darlington
- Centre for Research in Public Health and Community CareUniversity of Hertfordshire, College LaneHatfieldUK
| | | | - Marina Buswell
- Centre for Research in Public Health and Community CareUniversity of Hertfordshire, College LaneHatfieldUK
| | - Elspeth Mathie
- Centre for Research in Public Health and Community CareUniversity of Hertfordshire, College LaneHatfieldUK
| | - Antony Arthur
- Norwich Research ParkUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Louise Lafortune
- Cambridge Institute of Public HealthUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Anne Killett
- Norwich Research ParkUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Andrea Mayrhofer
- Centre for Research in Public Health and Community CareUniversity of Hertfordshire, College LaneHatfieldUK
| | - John Thurman
- Norwich Research ParkUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Claire Goodman
- Centre for Research in Public Health and Community CareUniversity of Hertfordshire, College LaneHatfieldUK,Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East of England, Douglas HouseCambridgeUK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Curkovic M. The Implications of Using Internet Search Engines in Structured Scientific Reviews. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS 2019; 25:645-646. [PMID: 29353363 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-017-0013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Curkovic
- University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, Bolnicka cesta 32, Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ferreira-Rodríguez N, Defeo O, Macho G, Pardo I. A social-ecological system framework to assess biological invasions: Corbicula fluminea in Galicia (NW Iberian Peninsula). Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1846-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
40
|
Mahmoodi N, Bekker HL, King NV, Hughes J, Jones GL. Are publicly available internet resources enabling women to make informed fertility preservation decisions before starting cancer treatment: an environmental scan? BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2018; 18:104. [PMID: 30453942 PMCID: PMC6245564 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-018-0698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To identify publicly available internet resources and assess their likelihood to support women making informed decisions about, and between, fertility preservation procedures before starting their cancer treatment. Methods A survey of publically available internet resources utilising an environmental scan method. Inclusion criteria were applied to hits from searches of three data sources (November 2015; repeated June 2017): Google (Chrome) for patient resources; repositories for clinical guidelines and projects; distribution email lists to contact patient decision aid experts. The Data Extraction Sheet applied to eligible resources elicited: resource characteristics; informed and shared decision making components; engagement health services. Results Four thousand eight hundred fifty one records were identified; 24 patient resources and 0 clinical guidelines met scan inclusion criteria. Most resources aimed to inform women with cancer about fertility preservation procedures and infertility treatment options, but not decision making between options. There was a lack of consistency about how health conditions, decision problems and treatment options were described, and resources were difficult to understand. Conclusions Unless developed as part of a patient decision aid project, resources did not include components to support proactively women’s fertility preservation decisions. Current guidelines help people deliver information relevant to treatment options within a single disease pathway; we identified five additional components for patient decision aid checklists to support more effectively people’s treatment decision making across health pathways, linking current with future health problems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12911-018-0698-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Mahmoodi
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK.
| | - H L Bekker
- Institute of Health Sciences - School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - N V King
- Institute of Health Sciences - School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J Hughes
- School of Health & Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - G L Jones
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ćurković M, Košec A. Bubble effect: including internet search engines in systematic reviews introduces selection bias and impedes scientific reproducibility. BMC Med Res Methodol 2018; 18:130. [PMID: 30424741 PMCID: PMC6234590 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-018-0599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using internet search engines (such as Google search) in systematic literature reviews is increasingly becoming a ubiquitous part of search methodology. In order to integrate the vast quantity of available knowledge, literature mostly focuses on systematic reviews, considered to be principal sources of scientific evidence at all practical levels. Any possible individual methodological flaws present in these systematic reviews have the potential to become systemic. MAIN TEXT This particular bias, that could be referred to as (re)search bubble effect, is introduced because of inherent, personalized nature of internet search engines that tailors results according to derived user preferences based on unreproducible criteria. In other words, internet search engines adjust their user's beliefs and attitudes, leading to the creation of a personalized (re)search bubble, including entries that have not been subjected to rigorous peer review process. The internet search engine algorithms are in a state of constant flux, producing differing results at any given moment, even if the query remains identical. There are many more subtle ways of introducing unwanted variations and synonyms of search queries that are used autonomously, detached from user insight and intent. Even the most well-known and respected systematic literature reviews do not seem immune to the negative implications of the search bubble effect, affecting reproducibility. CONCLUSION Although immensely useful and justified by the need for encompassing the entirety of knowledge, the practice of including internet search engines in systematic literature reviews is fundamentally irreconcilable with recent emphasis on scientific reproducibility and rigor, having a profound impact on the discussion of the limits of scientific epistemology. Scientific research that is not reproducible, may still be called science, but represents one that should be avoided. Our recommendation is to use internet search engines as an additional literature source, primarily in order to validate initial search strategies centered on bibliographic databases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Ćurković
- University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče, Bolnička cesta 32, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andro Košec
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Center Sestre milosrdnice, Vinogradska cesta 29, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wu Y, Brettle A, Zhou C, Ou J, Wang Y, Wang S. Do educational interventions aimed at nurses to support the implementation of evidence-based practice improve patient outcomes? A systematic review. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2018; 70:109-114. [PMID: 30179782 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous articles have sought to identify the impact of educational interventions for improving evidence-based practice (EBP) amongst nurses, most of these focus on skills and knowledge acquired. No systematic review has explored whether this educational input translates into improved patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES To review the evidence on (1) The change in patient outcomes following educational interventions to support practising nurses in implementing EBP. (2) The instruments or methods used to determine whether EBP education improves patient outcomes. METHODS A systematic review following PRISMA guidance was conducted. Literature was comprehensive searched including 6 databases, journal handsearching, citation tracking, and grey literature websites. Studies were included if they reported an EBP educational intervention aimed at practising nurses and contained objective or self-reported measures of patient related outcomes. The quality of the included studies was assessed using a modified Health Care Practice R&D Unit (HCPRDU) tool. Because of the poor homogeneity of the included studies, the data were analysed by narrative synthesis. RESULTS Of the 4284 articles identified, 18 were included: 12 pre-post studies, three qualitative studies, and three mixed-methods study designs. The level of quality was modest in the studies. The results of the EBP educational interventions on patient outcomes were assessed using three methods: individual projects to implement an evidence-based approach, qualitative approaches, and a questionnaire survey. The majority of the articles concluded there was a positive change in patient outcomes following an educational intervention to improve EBP; a wide range of context specific outcomes were described. CONCLUSION Educational interventions for clinical nurses to support the implementation of EBP show promise in improving patient outcomes. However, the direct impact of EBP interventions on clinical outcomes is difficult to measure. Further testing and development is needed to improve the quality of studies and evaluation instruments in order to confirm the current findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Alison Brettle
- School of Health & Society, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Chunlan Zhou
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Jiexia Ou
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bianchi F, Dorsel C, Garnett E, Aveyard P, Jebb SA. Interventions targeting conscious determinants of human behaviour to reduce the demand for meat: a systematic review with qualitative comparative analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:102. [PMID: 30340498 PMCID: PMC6194670 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing meat consumption can help prevent non-communicable diseases and protect the environment. Interventions targeting conscious determinants of human behaviour are generally acceptable approaches to promote dietary change, but little is known about their effectiveness to reduce the demand for meat. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions targeting conscious determinants of human behaviour to reduce the demand for meat. METHODS We searched six electronic databases on the 31st of August 2017 with a predefined algorithm, screened publicly accessible resources, contacted authors, and conducted forward and backward reference searches. Eligible studies employed experimental designs to evaluate interventions targeting conscious determinants of human behaviour to reduce the consumption, purchase, or selection of meat in comparison to a control condition, a baseline period, or relative to other eligible interventions. We synthesised results narratively and conducted an exploratory crisp-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis to identify combinations of intervention characteristics associated with significant reductions in the demand for meat. RESULTS We included 24 papers reporting on 59 interventions and 25,477 observations. Self-monitoring interventions and individual lifestyle counselling led to, or were associated with reduced meat consumption. Providing information about the health or environmental consequences of eating meat was associated with reduced intentions to consume and select meat in virtual environments, but there was no evidence to suggest this approach influenced actual behaviour. Education about the animal welfare consequences of eating meat was associated with reduced intentions to consume meat, while interventions implicitly highlighting animal suffering were not. Education on multiple consequences of eating meat led to mixed results. Tailored education was not found to reduce actual or intended meat consumption, though few studies assessed this approach. CONCLUSION Some interventions targeting conscious determinants of human behaviour have the potential to reduce the demand for meat. In particular, self-monitoring interventions and individual lifestyle counselling can help to reduce meat consumption. There was evidence of effectiveness of some educational messages in reducing intended consumption and selection of meat in virtual environments. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION CRD42017076720 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Bianchi
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
| | - Claudia Dorsel
- Department of Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Emma Garnett
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ UK
| | - Paul Aveyard
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
| | - Susan A Jebb
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bianchi F, Garnett E, Dorsel C, Aveyard P, Jebb SA. Restructuring physical micro-environments to reduce the demand for meat: a systematic review and qualitative comparative analysis. Lancet Planet Health 2018; 2:e384-e397. [PMID: 30177007 PMCID: PMC6120131 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing meat consumption could help to protect the natural environment and promote population health. Interventions restructuring physical micro-environments might help to change habitual behaviour. We synthesised the scientific evidence pertaining to whether, and which, interventions restructuring physical micro-environments effectively reduce the demand for meat. METHODS We did a systematic review of quantitative studies evaluating the effectiveness of interventions restructuring physical micro-environments to reduce the demand for meat. We identified relevant records by searching six electronic databases (CAB Abstracts, Embase, PsycINFO, Science Citation Index, MEDLINE, and Dissertations & Theses) on Aug 31, 2017, contacting experts, screening publicly accessible online resources, and searching references. We included studies that evaluated the effectiveness of interventions restructuring physical micro-environments to reduce the demand for meat, defined as the actual or intended consumption, purchase, or selection of meat in real or virtual environments. We extracted data pertaining to the study samples, the interventions, and meat demand at the follow-up closest to intervention completion and at the longest follow-up, with the former representing our primary outcome. We synthesised data narratively and did a qualitative comparative analysis to identify configurations of intervention characteristics associated with, and those not found to be associated with, significant reductions in meat demand. Our Systematic Review is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017081532. RESULTS Of 10 733 titles and abstracts screened for eligibility, we assessed 60 full papers and included 14 papers reporting on 18 studies with 22 intervention conditions. Three interventions reducing the portion size of meat servings reduced meat consumption in randomised trials. Three interventions providing meat alternatives with supporting educational material were associated with reduced meat demand in pre-post design studies. Three of four interventions altering the sensory properties (eg, visual presentation) of meat or meat alternatives at point of purchase reduced meat demand in randomised trials. Four interventions repositioning meat products to be less prominent at point of purchase were associated with lower meat demand, but only two such interventions reached statistical significance in a randomised trial and a multiple treatment reversal design. Only one of five interventions manipulating the description of meat or meat alternatives at point of purchase was associated with lower meat demand in a multiple treatment reversal design. Evidence from randomised trials evaluating a pricing intervention or interventions restructuring several aspects of micro-environments was too scarce or inconsistent to be conclusive. The results from our qualitative comparative analysis supported the findings of this narrative synthesis. INTERPRETATION Some interventions restructuring physical micro-environments could help to promote lower demand for meat. Interventions reducing portion sizes of meat servings, providing meat alternatives, or changing the sensory properties of meat and meat alternatives at point of purchase offered the most promise in the context of experimental studies. FUNDING None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Bianchi
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford, UK.
| | - Emma Garnett
- University of Cambridge, Department of Zoology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Dorsel
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Department of Psychology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paul Aveyard
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan A Jebb
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bhatti Y, Taylor A, Harris M, Wadge H, Escobar E, Prime M, Patel H, Carter AW, Parston G, Darzi AW, Udayakumar K. Global Lessons In Frugal Innovation To Improve Health Care Delivery In The United States. Health Aff (Millwood) 2018; 36:1912-1919. [PMID: 29137503 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In a 2015 global study of low-cost or frugal innovations, we identified five leading innovations that scaled successfully in their original contexts and that may provide insights for scaling such innovations in the United States. We describe common themes among these diverse innovations, critical factors for their translation to the United States to improve the efficiency and quality of health care, and lessons for the implementation and scaling of other innovations. We highlight promising trends in the United States that support adapting these innovations, including growing interest in moving care out of health care facilities and into community and home settings; the growth of alternative payment models and incentives to experiment with new approaches to population health and care delivery; and the increasing use of diverse health professionals, such as community health workers and advanced practice providers. Our findings should inspire policy makers and health care professionals and inform them about the potential for globally sourced frugal innovations to benefit US health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Bhatti
- Yasser Bhatti is a research fellow in frugal innovation, Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, in the United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Taylor
- Andrea Taylor is senior research manager at Innovations in Healthcare and the Global Health Innovation Center, Duke University, in Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew Harris
- Matthew Harris ( ) is a clinical senior lecturer at the Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London
| | - Hester Wadge
- Hester Wadge is an honorary policy fellow at the Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London
| | - Erin Escobar
- Erin Escobar is a research manager at Innovations in Healthcare and the Global Health Innovation Center, Duke University
| | - Matt Prime
- Matt Prime is a clinical research fellow at the Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London
| | - Hannah Patel
- Hannah Patel is insight manager at Q Improvement Lab, Health Foundation, in London
| | - Alexander W Carter
- Alexander W. Carter is a health economist at the Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London
| | - Greg Parston
- Greg Parston is an executive adviser at the Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London
| | - Ara W Darzi
- Ara W. Darzi is executive chair of the World Innovation Summit for Health, Qatar Foundation, and director of the Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London
| | - Krishna Udayakumar
- Krishna Udayakumar is executive director of Innovations in Healthcare, Duke University, director of the Duke Global Health Innovation Center, and an associate professor of global health and medicine at Duke University
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Mueller M, D'Addario M, Egger M, Cevallos M, Dekkers O, Mugglin C, Scott P. Methods to systematically review and meta-analyse observational studies: a systematic scoping review of recommendations. BMC Med Res Methodol 2018; 18:44. [PMID: 29783954 PMCID: PMC5963098 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-018-0495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies are frequently performed, but no widely accepted guidance is available at present. We performed a systematic scoping review of published methodological recommendations on how to systematically review and meta-analyse observational studies. Methods We searched online databases and websites and contacted experts in the field to locate potentially eligible articles. We included articles that provided any type of recommendation on how to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. We extracted and summarised recommendations on pre-defined key items: protocol development, research question, search strategy, study eligibility, data extraction, dealing with different study designs, risk of bias assessment, publication bias, heterogeneity, statistical analysis. We summarised recommendations by key item, identifying areas of agreement and disagreement as well as areas where recommendations were missing or scarce. Results The searches identified 2461 articles of which 93 were eligible. Many recommendations for reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies were transferred from guidance developed for reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs. Although there was substantial agreement in some methodological areas there was also considerable disagreement on how evidence synthesis of observational studies should be conducted. Conflicting recommendations were seen on topics such as the inclusion of different study designs in systematic reviews and meta-analyses, the use of quality scales to assess the risk of bias, and the choice of model (e.g. fixed vs. random effects) for meta-analysis. Conclusion There is a need for sound methodological guidance on how to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies, which critically considers areas in which there are conflicting recommendations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12874-018-0495-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mueller
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maddalena D'Addario
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Egger
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Myriam Cevallos
- CTU Bern, Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Olaf Dekkers
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Catrina Mugglin
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pippa Scott
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cooper C, Lovell R, Husk K, Booth A, Garside R. Supplementary search methods were more effective and offered better value than bibliographic database searching: A case study from public health and environmental enhancement. Res Synth Methods 2017; 9:195-223. [DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Cooper
- PenTAG; University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus; Exeter EX1 2LU UK
| | - Rebecca Lovell
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health; University of Exeter Medical School, Truro Campus; Truro TR1 3HD UK
| | - Kerryn Husk
- NIHR CLAHRC South West Peninsula (PenCLAHRC); Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry; N10, ITTC Building, Plymouth Science Park Plymouth PL6 8BX UK
| | - Andrew Booth
- HEDS, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR); University of Sheffield; Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - Ruth Garside
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health; University of Exeter Medical School, Truro Campus; Truro TR1 3HD UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cooper C, Booth A, Britten N, Garside R. A comparison of results of empirical studies of supplementary search techniques and recommendations in review methodology handbooks: a methodological review. Syst Rev 2017; 6:234. [PMID: 29179733 PMCID: PMC5704629 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose and contribution of supplementary search methods in systematic reviews is increasingly acknowledged. Numerous studies have demonstrated their potential in identifying studies or study data that would have been missed by bibliographic database searching alone. What is less certain is how supplementary search methods actually work, how they are applied, and the consequent advantages, disadvantages and resource implications of each search method. The aim of this study is to compare current practice in using supplementary search methods with methodological guidance. METHODS Four methodological handbooks in informing systematic review practice in the UK were read and audited to establish current methodological guidance. Studies evaluating the use of supplementary search methods were identified by searching five bibliographic databases. Studies were included if they (1) reported practical application of a supplementary search method (descriptive) or (2) examined the utility of a supplementary search method (analytical) or (3) identified/explored factors that impact on the utility of a supplementary method, when applied in practice. RESULTS Thirty-five studies were included in this review in addition to the four methodological handbooks. Studies were published between 1989 and 2016, and dates of publication of the handbooks ranged from 1994 to 2014. Five supplementary search methods were reviewed: contacting study authors, citation chasing, handsearching, searching trial registers and web searching. CONCLUSIONS There is reasonable consistency between recommended best practice (handbooks) and current practice (methodological studies) as it relates to the application of supplementary search methods. The methodological studies provide useful information on the effectiveness of the supplementary search methods, often seeking to evaluate aspects of the method to improve effectiveness or efficiency. In this way, the studies advance the understanding of the supplementary search methods. Further research is required, however, so that a rational choice can be made about which supplementary search strategies should be used, and when.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Cooper
- PenTAG, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, England.
| | - Andrew Booth
- HEDS, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England
| | - Nicky Britten
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, England
| | - Ruth Garside
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, England
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Briscoe S. A review of the reporting of web searching to identify studies for Cochrane systematic reviews. Res Synth Methods 2017; 9:89-99. [PMID: 29065246 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The literature searches that are used to identify studies for inclusion in a systematic review should be comprehensively reported. This ensures that the literature searches are transparent and reproducible, which is important for assessing the strengths and weaknesses of a systematic review and re-running the literature searches when conducting an update review. Web searching using search engines and the websites of topically relevant organisations is sometimes used as a supplementary literature search method. Previous research has shown that the reporting of web searching in systematic reviews often lacks important details and is thus not transparent or reproducible. Useful details to report about web searching include the name of the search engine or website, the URL, the date searched, the search strategy, and the number of results. This study reviews the reporting of web searching to identify studies for Cochrane systematic reviews published in the 6-month period August 2016 to January 2017 (n = 423). Of these reviews, 61 reviews reported using web searching using a search engine or website as a literature search method. In the majority of reviews, the reporting of web searching was found to lack essential detail for ensuring transparency and reproducibility, such as the search terms. Recommendations are made on how to improve the reporting of web searching in Cochrane systematic reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Briscoe
- Exeter HS&DR Evidence Synthesis Centre, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hanneke R, Young SK. Information sources for obesity prevention policy research: a review of systematic reviews. Syst Rev 2017; 6:156. [PMID: 28789703 PMCID: PMC5549286 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic identification of evidence in health policy can be time-consuming and challenging. This study examines three questions pertaining to systematic reviews on obesity prevention policy, in order to identify the most efficient search methods: (1) What percentage of the primary studies selected for inclusion in the reviews originated in scholarly as opposed to gray literature? (2) How much of the primary scholarly literature in this topic area is indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE? (3) Which databases index the greatest number of primary studies not indexed in PubMed, and are these databases searched consistently across systematic reviews? METHODS We identified systematic reviews on obesity prevention policy and explored their search methods and citations. We determined the percentage of scholarly vs. gray literature cited, the most frequently cited journals, and whether each primary study was indexed in PubMed. We searched 21 databases for all primary study articles not indexed in PubMed to determine which database(s) indexed the highest number of these relevant articles. RESULTS In total, 21 systematic reviews were identified. Ten of the 21 systematic reviews reported searching gray literature, and 12 reviews ultimately included gray literature in their analyses. Scholarly articles accounted for 577 of the 649 total primary study papers. Of these, 495 (76%) were indexed in PubMed. Google Scholar retrieved the highest number of the remaining 82 non-PubMed scholarly articles, followed by Scopus and EconLit. The Journal of the American Dietetic Association was the most-cited journal. CONCLUSIONS Researchers can maximize search efficiency by searching a small yet targeted selection of both scholarly and gray literature resources. A highly sensitive search of PubMed and those databases that index the greatest number of relevant articles not indexed in PubMed, namely multidisciplinary and economics databases, could save considerable time and effort. When combined with a gray literature search and additional search methods, including cited reference searching and consulting with experts, this approach could help maintain broad retrieval of relevant studies while improving search efficiency. Findings also have implications for designing specialized databases for public health research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Hanneke
- Library of the Health Sciences-Chicago, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1750 W. Polk St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Sabrina K Young
- Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 W. Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,The Cancer Education and Cancer Development Program, Institute for Health Research and Policy, 1747 W. Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA
| |
Collapse
|