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Wang S, Tang G, Liu S, Tu Y, Ji R, Tang R, Hua T, Zhu J. Comparison of the value of adipose tissues in abdomen and lumbar vertebra for predicting disease activity in Crohn's disease: A preliminary study based on CSE-MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 112:1-9. [PMID: 38844268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the value of adipose tissues in abdomen and lumbar vertebra for predicting Crohn's disease (CD) activity based on chemical shift encoded magnetic resonance imaging (CSE-MRI). METHODS 84 CD patients were divided into remission, mild, and moderate-severely groups based on CD activity index (CDAI). Differences in different adipose parameters [subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), mesenteric fat index (MFI), and bone marrow fat fraction (BMFF)] and blood inflammatory indicators among three groups, as well as the correlation of above parameters and CDAI were analyzed. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the parameters selected by multivariate logistic regression analysis for predicting active CD were calculated. RESULTS There were no significant differences in VAT and MFI among three groups (both P > 0.05). The cross-sectional areas of SAT in moderate-severe group were significantly lower than those in remission group (P = 0.014). BMFF values of remission group were significantly higher than those in the mild and moderate-severe groups (both P < 0.001). BMFF was negatively correlated with CDAI (r = -0.595, P < 0.001). SAT exhibited no significant correlation with CDAI. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and BMFF were the independent predictors of CDAI. Both combined had a higher diagnostic efficacy for active CD with an AUC of 0.895. CONCLUSIONS BMFF is the best marker for predicting CD activity in fat parameters of abdomen and lumbar vertebra based on CSE-MRI. The model based on BMFF and ESR has a high efficiency in predicting active CD. TRIAL REGISTRATION No. 22 K164 (Registered 18-07-2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyu Tang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuaishuai Liu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Tu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Hua
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingqi Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Xu J, Li P, Li Z, Liu S, Guo H, Lesser CF, Ke J, Zhao W, Mou X. Gut bacterial type III secretion systems aggravate colitis in mice and serve as biomarkers of Crohn's disease. EBioMedicine 2024; 107:105296. [PMID: 39216231 PMCID: PMC11402190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenteric adipose tissue (mAT) hyperplasia, known as creeping fat, is a pathologic characteristic of Crohn's disease (CD). In our previously reported cohort, we observed that Achromobacter pulmonis was the most abundant and prevalent bacteria cultivated from creeping fat. METHODS A whole genomic sequencing and identification of T3SS orthologs of mAT-derived A. pulmonis were used. A functional type III secretion system (T3SS) mediated the pathogenic potential of A. pulmonis in vitro and in mouse colitis model. Furthermore, a T3SS Finder pipeline was introduced to evaluate gut bacterial T3SS orthologs in the feces of CD patients, ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer patients. FINDINGS Here, we reveal that mAT-derived A. pulmonis possesses a functional T3SS, aggravates colitis in mice via T3SS, and exhibits T3SS-dependent cytotoxicity via a caspase-independent mechanism in macrophages and epithelial cells, which demonstrated the pathogenic potential of the T3SS-harboring A. pulmonis. Metagenomic analyses demonstrate an increased abundance of Achromobacter in the fecal of Crohn's disease patients compared to healthy controls. A comprehensive comparison of total microbial vT3SS abundance in various intestine diseases demonstrated that the specific enrichment of vT3SS genes was shown in fecal samples of CD, neither ulcerative colitis nor colorectal cancer patients, and ten T3SS gene-based biomarkers for CD were discovered and validated in a newly recruited CD cohort. Furthermore, treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), an intervention that improves CD patient symptomatology, was found associated with a significant reduction in the prevalence of T3SS genes in fecal samples. INTERPRETATION These findings highlight the pathogenic significance of T3SSs in the context of CD and identify specific T3SS genes that could potentially function as biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring the clinical status of CD patients. FUNDING This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0907800), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M744089), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32000096), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Programs (KQTD20200820145822023, RCIC20231211085944057, and ZDSYS20220606100803007), National Key Clinical Discipline, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases (2020B1111170004), Qingfeng Scientific Research Fund of the China Crohn's & Colitis Foundation (CCCF) (CCCF-QF-2022B71-1), and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Clinical Research 1010 Program 1010CG(2023)-08. These funding provided well support for this research work, which involved data collection, analysis, interpretation, patient recruitment and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Peijie Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhenye Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Huating Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Cammie F Lesser
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jia Ke
- Department of General Surgery (Intestinal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China.
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
| | - Xiangyu Mou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China.
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3
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Li Y, Wang W, Liu Y, Li S, Wang J, Hou L. Diminished Immune Response and Elevated Abundance in Gut Microbe Dubosiella in Mouse Models of Chronic Colitis with GBP5 Deficiency. Biomolecules 2024; 14:873. [PMID: 39062588 PMCID: PMC11274912 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) is an emerging immune component that has been increasingly recognized for its involvement in autoimmune diseases, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a complex disease involving inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we explored the functional significance of GBP5 using Gbp5 knockout mice and wildtype mice exposed to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to generate chronic colitis model. We found that Gbp5 deficiency protected mice from DSS-induced chronic colitis. Transcriptome analysis of colon tissues showed reduced immune responses in Gbp5 knockout mice compared to those in corresponding wildtype mice. We further observed that after repeated DSS exposure, the gut microbiota was altered, both in wildtype mice and Gbp5 knockout mice; however, the gut microbiome health index was higher in the Gbp5 knockout mice. Notably, a probiotic murine commensal bacterium, Dubosiella, was predominantly enriched in these knockout mice. Our findings suggest that GBP5 plays an important role in promoting inflammation and dysbiosis in the intestine, the prevention of which might therefore be worth exploring in regards to IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Li
- Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514031, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Biomedical Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, The Six Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Biomedical Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, The Six Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Senru Li
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jingyu Wang
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Linlin Hou
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
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Massier L, Musat N, Stumvoll M, Tremaroli V, Chakaroun R, Kovacs P. Tissue-resident bacteria in metabolic diseases: emerging evidence and challenges. Nat Metab 2024; 6:1209-1224. [PMID: 38898236 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Although the impact of the gut microbiome on health and disease is well established, there is controversy regarding the presence of microorganisms such as bacteria and their products in organs and tissues. However, recent contamination-aware findings of tissue-resident microbial signatures provide accumulating evidence in support of bacterial translocation in cardiometabolic disease. The latter provides a distinct paradigm for the link between microbial colonizers of mucosal surfaces and host metabolism. In this Perspective, we re-evaluate the concept of tissue-resident bacteria including their role in metabolic low-grade tissue and systemic inflammation. We examine the limitations and challenges associated with studying low bacterial biomass samples and propose experimental and analytical strategies to overcome these issues. Our Perspective aims to encourage further investigation of the mechanisms linking tissue-resident bacteria to host metabolism and their potentially actionable health implications for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Massier
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niculina Musat
- Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Århus, Denmark
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
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Duan M, Coffey JC, Li Y. Mesenteric-based surgery for Crohn's disease: evidence and perspectives. Surgery 2024; 176:51-59. [PMID: 38594102 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative anastomotic recurrence of Crohn's disease is challenging and can lead to symptom recurrence and further surgery. The mesenteric pole of the intestine is the initial site of macroscopic anastomotic recurrence, and the mesentery may play an important role in recurrence after surgical resection. Therefore, "mesenteric-based surgery" has gained increasing attention by clinicians. However, the role of mesentery in the postoperative recurrence remains controversial. This review will examine mesenteric changes in Crohn's disease, proposed roles for mesentery in disease progression, and the potential for mesenteric-based surgery in the surgical management of Crohn disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Duan
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, China
| | - J Calvin Coffey
- Department of Surgery, University of Limerick Hospital Group, and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Yi Li
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, China
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Huang Q, Liu JW, Dong HB, Wei ZJ, Liu JZ, Ren YT, Jiang X, Jiang B. Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocytes promote intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by mediating enteric pyroptosis. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:300-309. [PMID: 38057185 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has been linked to the severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) prognosis, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. It has been reported that pyroptosis worsens SAP. The present study aimed to verify whether mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT, a component of VAT) can cause secondary intestinal injury through the pyroptotic pathway. METHODS Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into six different groups. Twelve rats were randomly divided into the SAP and control groups. We monitored the changes of MAT and B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT of SAP rats. Twelve SAP rats were injected with MAT B lymphocytes or phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The remaining twelve SAP rats were first injected with MAT B lymphocytes, and then with MCC950 (NLRP3 inhibitor) or PBS. We collected blood and tissue samples from pancreas, gut and MAT for analysis. RESULTS Compared to the control rats, the SAP group showed inflammation in MAT, including higher expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), lower expression of IL-10, and histological changes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT but not T lymphocytes and macrophages. The SAP rats also exhibited intestinal injury, characterized by lower expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin, higher levels of lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase, and pathological changes. The expression of NLRP3 and n-GSDMD, which are responsible for pyroptosis, was increased in the intestine of SAP rats. The injection of MAT B lymphocytes into SAP rats exacerbated the inflammation in MAT. The upregulation of pyroptosis reduced tight junction in the intestine, which contributed to the SAP progression, including higher inflammatory indicators and worse histological changes. The administration of MCC950 to SAP + MAT B rats downregulated pyroptosis, which subsequently improved the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammatory response of SAP. CONCLUSIONS In SAP, MAT B lymphocytes aggravated local inflammation, and promoted the injury to the intestine through the enteric pyroptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jia-Wen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Hai-Bin Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Zheng-Jie Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jin-Zhe Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yu-Tang Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
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Dave M, Dev A, Somoza RA, Zhao N, Viswanath S, Mina PR, Chirra P, Obmann VC, Mahabeleshwar GH, Menghini P, Durbin-Johnson B, Nolta J, Soto C, Osme A, Khuat LT, Murphy WJ, Caplan AI, Cominelli F. MSCs mediate long-term efficacy in a Crohn's disease model by sustained anti-inflammatory macrophage programming via efferocytosis. NPJ Regen Med 2024; 9:6. [PMID: 38245543 PMCID: PMC10799947 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-024-00347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are novel therapeutics for the treatment of Crohn's disease. However, their mechanism of action is unclear, especially in disease-relevant chronic models of inflammation. Thus, we used SAMP-1/YitFc (SAMP), a chronic and spontaneous murine model of small intestinal inflammation, to study the therapeutic effects and mechanism of action of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hMSC). hMSC dose-dependently inhibited naïve T lymphocyte proliferation via prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion and reprogrammed macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We found that the hMSCs promoted mucosal healing and immunologic response early after administration in SAMP when live hMSCs are present (until day 9) and resulted in a complete response characterized by mucosal, histological, immunologic, and radiological healing by day 28 when no live hMSCs are present. hMSCs mediate their effect via modulation of T cells and macrophages in the mesentery and mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN). Sc-RNAseq confirmed the anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages and identified macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic hMSCs as a mechanism that explains their long-term efficacy. Taken together, our findings show that hMSCs result in healing and tissue regeneration in a chronic model of small intestinal inflammation and despite being short-lived, exert long-term effects via sustained anti-inflammatory programming of macrophages via efferocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maneesh Dave
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - Atul Dev
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Rodrigo A Somoza
- Skeletal Research Center, Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Satish Viswanath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pooja Rani Mina
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Prathyush Chirra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Verena Carola Obmann
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ganapati H Mahabeleshwar
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paola Menghini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Blythe Durbin-Johnson
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jan Nolta
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Division of Malignant Hematology/Cell and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
| | - Christopher Soto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Abdullah Osme
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lam T Khuat
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Division of Malignant Hematology/Cell and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Arnold I Caplan
- Skeletal Research Center, Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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He Z, Xie H, Xu H, Wu J, Zeng W, He Q, Jobin C, Jin S, Lan P. Chemotherapy-induced microbiota exacerbates the toxicity of chemotherapy through the suppression of interleukin-10 from macrophages. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2319511. [PMID: 38400752 PMCID: PMC10896127 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2319511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been shown to influence the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy, thereby affecting treatment outcomes. Understanding the mechanism by which microbiota affects chemotherapeutic toxicity would have a profound impact on cancer management. In this study, we report that fecal microbiota transplantation from oxaliplatin-exposed mice promotes toxicity in recipient mice. Splenic RNA sequencing and macrophage depletion experiment showed that the microbiota-induced toxicity of oxaliplatin in mice was dependent on macrophages. Furthermore, oxaliplatin-mediated toxicity was exacerbated in Il10-/- mice, but not attenuated in Rag1-/- mice. Adoptive transfer of macrophage into Il10-/- mice confirmed the role of macrophage-derived IL-10 in the improvement of oxaliplatin-induced toxicity. Depletion of fecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium was associated with the exacerbation of oxaliplatin-mediated toxicity, whereas supplementation with these probiotics alleviated chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Importantly, IL-10 administration and probiotics supplementation did not attenuate the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapy. Clinically, patients with colorectal cancer exposed to oxaliplatin exhibited downregulation of peripheral CD45+IL-10+ cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that microbiota-mediated IL-10 production influences tolerance to chemotherapy, and thus represents a potential clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyu Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoyang Xu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanyi Zeng
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilang He
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Florida, Florida, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sanqing Jin
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Hwang N, Kang D, Shin SJ, Yoon BK, Chun J, Kim JW, Fang S. Creeping fat exhibits distinct Inflammation-specific adipogenic preadipocytes in Crohn's disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1198905. [PMID: 38111581 PMCID: PMC10725931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Creeping fat (CrF) is an extraintestinal manifestation observed in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). It is characterized by the accumulation of mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) that wraps around the intestinal wall. Although the role of CrF in CD is still debated, multiple studies have highlighted a correlation between CrF and inflammation, as well as fibrostenosais of the intestine, which contributes to the worsening of CD symptoms. However, the mechanism underlying the potential role of CrF in the development of Crohn's fibrosis remains an enigma. This study aimed to analyze CrF comprehensively using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. The data was compared with transcriptomic data from adipose tissue in other disease conditions, such as ulcerative colitis, lymphedema, and obesity. Our analysis classified two lineages of preadipocyte (PAC) clusters responsible for adipogenesis and fibrosis in CrF. Committed PACs in CrF showed increased cytokine expression in response to bacterial stimuli, potentially worsening inflammation in patients with CD. We also observed an increase in fibrotic activity in PAC clusters in CrF. Co-analyzing the data from patients with lymphedema, we found that pro-fibrotic PACs featured upregulated pentraxin-3 expression, suggesting a potential target for the treatment of fibrosis in CrF. Furthermore, PACs in CrF exhibited a distinct increase in cell-to-cell communication via cytokines related to inflammation and fibrosis, such as CCL, LIGHT, PDGF, MIF, and SEMA3. Interestingly, these interactions also increased in PACs of the lymphedema, whereas the increased MIF signal of PACs was found to be a distinct characteristic of CrF. In immune cell clusters in CrF, we observed high immune activity of pro-inflammatory macrophages, antigen-presenting macrophages, B cells, and IgG+ plasma cells. Finally, we have demonstrated elevated IgG+ plasma cell infiltration and increased pentraxin-3 protein levels in the fibrotic regions of CrF in CD patients when compared to MAT from both UC patients and healthy individuals. These findings provide new insights into the transcriptomic features related to the inflammation of cells in CrF and suggest potential targets for attenuating fibrosis in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahee Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoo Kang
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Shin
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-woo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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10
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Deng ZC, Yang JC, Huang YX, Zhao L, Zheng J, Xu QB, Guan L, Sun LH. Translocation of gut microbes to epididymal white adipose tissue drives lipid metabolism disorder under heat stress. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2877-2895. [PMID: 37480471 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress induces multi-organ damage and serious physiological dysfunction in mammals, and gut bacteria may translocate to extra-intestinal tissues under heat stress pathology. However, whether gut bacteria translocate to the key metabolic organs and impair function as a result of heat stress remains unknown. Using a heat stress-induced mouse model, heat stress inhibited epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) expansion and induced lipid metabolic disorder but did not damage other organs, such as the heart, liver, spleen, or muscle. Microbial profiling analysis revealed that heat stress shifted the bacterial community in the cecum and eWAT but not in the inguinal white adipose tissue, blood, heart, liver, spleen, or muscle. Notably, gut-vascular barrier function was impaired, and the levels of some bacteria, particularly Lactobacillus, were higher in the eWAT, as confirmed by catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH) staining when mice were under heat stress. Moreover, integrated multi-omics analysis showed that the eWAT microbiota was associated with host lipid metabolism, and the expression of genes involved in the lipid metabolism in eWAT was upregulated under heat stress. A follow-up microbial supplementation study after introducing Lactobacillus plantarum to heat-stressed mice revealed that the probiotic ameliorated heat stress-induced loss of eWAT and dyslipidemia and reduced gut bacterial translocation to the eWAT by improving gut barrier function. Overall, our findings suggest that gut bacteria, particularly Lactobacillus spp., play a crucial role in heat stress-induced lipid metabolism disorder and that there is therapeutic potential for using probiotics, such as Lactobacillus plantarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Chao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinshui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qing-Biao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Leluo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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11
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Zheng T, Hao H, Liu Q, Li J, Yao Y, Liu Y, Zhang T, Zhang Z, Yi H. Effect of Extracelluar Vesicles Derived from Akkermansia muciniphila on Intestinal Barrier in Colitis Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4722. [PMID: 38004116 PMCID: PMC10674789 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent disease. It has been observed that the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing, which consequently raises the risk of developing colon cancer. Recently, the regulation of the intestinal barrier by probiotics has become an effective treatment for colitis. Akkermansia muciniphila-derived extracellular vesicles (Akk EVs) are nano-vesicles that contain multiple bioactive macromolecules with the potential to modulate the intestinal barrier. In this study, we used ultrafiltration in conjunction with high-speed centrifugation to extract Akk EVs. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell model was established to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of Akk EVs. It was found that Akk EVs were able to be absorbed by RAW264.7 cells and significantly reduce the expression of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-1β (p < 0.05). We explored the preventative effects on colitis and the regulating effects on the intestinal barrier using a mouse colitis model caused by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The findings demonstrated that Akk EVs effectively prevented colitis symptoms and reduced colonic tissue injury. Additionally, Akk EVs significantly enhanced the effectiveness of the intestinal barrier by elevating the expression of MUC2 (0.53 ± 0.07), improving mucus integrity, and reducing intestinal permeability (p < 0.05). Moreover, Akk EVs increased the proportion of the beneficial bacteria Firmicutes (33.01 ± 0.09%) and downregulated the proportion of the harmful bacteria Proteobacteria (0.32 ± 0.27%). These findings suggest that Akk EVs possess the ability to regulate immune responses, protect intestinal barriers, and modulate the gut microbiota. The research presents a potential intervention approach for Akk EVs to prevent colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Haining Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Jiankun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Yukun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Yisuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Tai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
| | - Huaxi Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
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12
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Tsounis EP, Aggeletopoulou I, Mouzaki A, Triantos C. Creeping Fat in the Pathogenesis of Crohn's Disease: An Orchestrator or a Silent Bystander? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1826-1836. [PMID: 37260352 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although the phenomenon of hypertrophied adipose tissue surrounding inflamed bowel segments in Crohn's disease has been described since 1932, the mechanisms mediating the creeping fat formation and its role in the pathogenesis of the disease have not been fully unraveled. Recent advances demonstrating the multiple actions of adipose tissue beyond energy storage have brought creeping fat to the forefront of scientific research. In Crohn's disease, dysbiosis and transmural injury compromise the integrity of the intestinal barrier, resulting in an excessive influx of intraluminal microbiota and xenobiotics. The gut and peri-intestinal fat are in close anatomic relationship, implying a direct reciprocal immunologic relationship, whereas adipocytes are equipped with an arsenal of innate immunity sensors that respond to invading stimuli. As a result, adipocytes and their progenitor cells undergo profound immunophenotypic changes, leading to adipose tissue remodeling and eventual formation of creeping fat. Indeed, creeping fat is an immunologically active organ that synthesizes various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, profibrotic mediators, and adipokines that serve as paracrine/autocrine signals and regulate immune responses. Therefore, creeping fat appears to be involved in inflammatory signaling, which explains why it has been associated with a higher severity or complicated phenotype of Crohn's disease. Interestingly, there is growing evidence for an alternative immunomodulatory function of creeping fat as a second barrier that prevents an abnormal systemic inflammatory response at the expense of an increasingly proliferating profibrotic environment. Further studies are needed to clarify how this modified adipose tissue exerts its antithetic effect during the course of Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymios P Tsounis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Ioanna Aggeletopoulou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Athanasia Mouzaki
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
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13
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Dai C, Chen X, Qian S, Fan Y, Li L, Yuan J. Dysbiosis of intestinal homeostasis contribute to Whitmania pigra edema disease. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:1940-1956. [PMID: 37410351 PMCID: PMC10527190 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Whitmania pigra is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. However, W. pigra is being threatened by an edema disease with unknown causes (WPE). In this study, a comprehensive exploration of virome, microbiome, and metabolome aberrations in the intestine of W. pigra was performed to address the aetiology of WPE. Virome analysis indicated that eukaryotic viruses did not contribute to WPE, whereas an expansion of Caudovirales was observed in WPE. Compared to the control, the microbial richness and diversity in diseased W. pigra decreased remarkably. Nine genera, including Aeromonas, Anaerotruncus, Vibrio, Proteocatella, Acinetobacter, and Brachyspira were overrepresented in WPE, whereas eleven genera, including Bifidobacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacillus and AF12, were enriched in healthy individuals. Furthermore, certain metabolites, especially amino acids, short-chain fatty acids, and bile acids, were found to be linked to intestinal microbiota alterations in WPE. An integration of the microbiome and metabolome in WPE found that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota or metabolites caused WPE. Notably, W. pigra accepted intestinal microbiota transplantation from WPE donors developed WPE clinical signs eventually, and the dysbiotic intestinal microbiota can be recharacterized in this recipient W. pigra. Strikingly, pathological features of metanephridium and uraemic toxin enrichment in the gut indicated a putative interconnection between the gut and metanephridium in WPE, which represents the prototype of the gut-kidney axis in mammals. These finding exemplify the conservation of "microecological Koch's postulates" from annelids to insects and other vertebrates, which provides a direction of prevention and treatment for WPE and opens a new insight into the pathogenesis of aquatic animal diseases from an ecological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijiao Dai
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Aquatic Animal Diseases Para‐reference laboratory (HZAU)WuhanChina
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Aquatic Animal Diseases Para‐reference laboratory (HZAU)WuhanChina
| | - Shiyu Qian
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and PreventionWuhanChina
| | - Yihui Fan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and PreventionWuhanChina
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Aquatic Animal Diseases Para‐reference laboratory (HZAU)WuhanChina
- Hubei Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and PreventionWuhanChina
| | - Junfa Yuan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Aquatic Animal Diseases Para‐reference laboratory (HZAU)WuhanChina
- Hubei Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and PreventionWuhanChina
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14
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Vorobyev A, Ludwig RJ. Forschung für die Praxis: Ernährung und Mikrobiom bei Autoimmunkrankheiten. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023; 21:958-963. [PMID: 37700405 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15101_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie Häufigkeit von Autoimmunerkrankungen in Industrieländern hat während der letzten Jahrzehnte ständig zugenommen. Diese Erkrankungen führen zu erhöhter Sterblichkeit sowie anhaltender Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität der Patienten und bedeuten eine große medizinische Belastung. Die Behandlung von Autoimmunkrankheiten beruht häufig auf unspezifischer Immunsuppression, was das Risiko von Infektionskrankheiten und Krebsmanifestationen erhöht. Die Pathogenese von Autoimmunerkrankungen ist komplex und umfasst nicht nur genetische Faktoren, sondern auch Umwelteinflüsse, die als Grund für die Zunahme von Autoimmunerkrankungen angesehen werden. Zahlreiche Umweltfaktoren wie Infektionen, Rauchen, Medikamente oder Ernährung können das Auftreten von Autoimmunität entweder fördern oder verhindern. Die Mechanismen der Beeinflussung durch Umwelteinflüsse sind jedoch komplex und derzeit noch nicht eindeutig geklärt. Die Entschlüsselung dieser Wechselwirkungen könnte unser Verständnis der Autoimmunität verbessern und neue Behandlungsmöglichkeiten für die Patienten eröffnen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Vorobyev
- Abteilung für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
- Lübecker Institut für experimentelle Dermatologie, Lübeck
| | - Ralf J Ludwig
- Abteilung für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
- Lübecker Institut für experimentelle Dermatologie, Lübeck
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15
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Vorobyev A, Ludwig RJ. Research in practice: Diet and microbiome in autoimmune diseases. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023; 21:958-962. [PMID: 37235511 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of autoimmune diseases in industrialized countries is constantly increasing over past decades. These diseases lead to increased mortality and persistent reduction in quality of life of the patients, posing a severe medical burden. Treatment of autoimmune diseases is often based on unspecific immune suppression, increasing the risk of infectious diseases as well as cancer manifestation. Pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions is complex and includes not only genetic factors, but also environmental influence, which is considered to be the reason for the rise of incidence of autoimmune diseases. Environmental factors comprise numerous elements, such as infections, smoking, medication, diet etc., which can either promote or prevent the onset of autoimmunity. However, the mechanisms of environmental influence are complex and for this moment not clearly understood. Deciphering of these interactions could enhance our comprehension of autoimmunity and provide some novel treatment options for the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Vorobyev
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ralf J Ludwig
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Lübeck, Germany
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16
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Xu J, Molin G, Davidson S, Roth B, Sjöberg K, Håkansson Å. CRP in Outpatients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Linked to the Blood Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10899. [PMID: 37446076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The circulation is a closed system that has been assumed to be free from bacteria, but evidence for the existence of a low-density blood microbiota is accumulating. The present study aimed to map the blood microbiota of outpatients with Crohn's disease (CD) or with ulcerative colitis (UC) by 16S metagenomics. A diverse microbiota was observed in the blood samples. Regardless of the type of disease, the alpha diversity of the microbiota was positively associated with C-reactive protein (CRP). The blood microbiota had a surprisingly high proportion of Proteobacteria in comparison with human oral and colonic microbiotas. There was no clear difference in the overall pattern of the microbiota between CD and UC. A non-template control (NTC) was included in the whole process to control for the potential contamination from the environment and reagents. Certain bacterial taxa were concomitantly detected in both blood samples and NTC. However, Acinetobacter, Lactobacillus, Thermicanus and Paracoccus were found in blood from both CD and UC patients but not in NTC, indicating the existence of a specific blood-borne microbiota in the patients. Achromobacter dominated in all blood samples, but a minor amount was also found in NTC. Micrococcaceae was significantly enriched in CD, but it was also detected in high abundance in NTC. Whether the composition of the blood microbiota could be a marker of a particular phenotype in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or whether the blood microbiota could be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes deserves further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Molin
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sanna Davidson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bodil Roth
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Åsa Håkansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
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17
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Dave M, Dev A, Somoza RA, Zhao N, Viswanath S, Mina PR, Chirra P, Obmann VC, Mahabeleshwar GH, Menghini P, Johnson BD, Nolta J, Soto C, Osme A, Khuat LT, Murphy W, Caplan AI, Cominelli F. Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate inflammation in an experimental model of Crohn's disease via the mesentery. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.22.541829. [PMID: 37292753 PMCID: PMC10245893 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.22.541829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are novel therapeutics for treatment of Crohn's disease. However, their mechanism of action is unclear, especially in disease-relevant chronic models of inflammation. Thus, we used SAMP-1/YitFc, a chronic and spontaneous murine model of small intestinal inflammation, to study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hMSC). Design hMSC immunosuppressive potential was evaluated through in vitro mixed lymphocyte reaction, ELISA, macrophage co-culture, and RT-qPCR. Therapeutic efficacy and mechanism in SAMP were studied by stereomicroscopy, histopathology, MRI radiomics, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, small animal imaging, and single-cell RNA sequencing (Sc-RNAseq). Results hMSC dose-dependently inhibited naïve T lymphocyte proliferation in MLR via PGE 2 secretion and reprogrammed macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. hMSC promoted mucosal healing and immunologic response early after administration in SAMP model of chronic small intestinal inflammation when live hMSCs are present (until day 9) and resulted in complete response characterized by mucosal, histological, immunologic, and radiological healing by day 28 when no live hMSCs are present. hMSC mediate their effect via modulation of T cells and macrophages in the mesentery and mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN). Sc-RNAseq confirmed the anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages and identified macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic hMSCs as a mechanism of action that explains their long-term efficacy. Conclusion hMSCs result in healing and tissue regeneration in a chronic model of small intestinal inflammation. Despite being short-lived, exert long-term effects via macrophage reprogramming to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Data Transparency Statement Single-cell RNA transcriptome datasets are deposited in an online open access repository 'Figshare' (DOI: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21453936.v1 ).
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18
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Mu C, Zhao Q, Zhao Q, Yang L, Pang X, Liu T, Li X, Wang B, Fung SY, Cao H. Multi-omics in Crohn's disease: New insights from inside. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:3054-3072. [PMID: 37273853 PMCID: PMC10238466 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with complex clinical manifestations such as chronic diarrhea, weight loss and hematochezia. Despite the increasing incidence worldwide, cure of CD remains extremely difficult. The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology with integrated-omics analyses in recent years has provided a new means for exploring the pathogenesis, mining the biomarkers and designing targeted personalized therapeutics of CD. Host genomics and epigenomics unveil heredity-related mechanisms of susceptible individuals, while microbiome and metabolomics map host-microbe interactions in CD patients. Proteomics shows great potential in searching for promising biomarkers. Nonetheless, single omics technology cannot holistically connect the mechanisms with heterogeneity of pathological behavior in CD. The rise of multi-omics analysis integrates genetic/epigenetic profiles with protein/microbial metabolite functionality, providing new hope for comprehensive and in-depth exploration of CD. Herein, we emphasized the different omics features and applications of CD and discussed the current research and limitations of multi-omics in CD. This review will update and deepen our understanding of CD from integration of broad omics spectra and will provide new evidence for targeted individualized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianjing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijiao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqi Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan-Yu Fung
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
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19
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Kahlam A, Khrais A, Khalessi A, Ahlawat S. Trends and Complication Rates in Ulcerative Colitis Patients With and Without Helicobacter pylori Infections. Cureus 2023; 15:e37345. [PMID: 37182047 PMCID: PMC10169286 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown an inverse relationship between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Helicobacter pylori infections (HPI). Though these two conditions have opposite geographic distributions, there may also be a physiological explanation for the decreased incidence of H. pylori infections in patients with UC. The purpose of this study is to analyze trends and complication rates of ulcerative colitis patients with and without HPI. Materials and methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was queried for patients with a primary diagnosis of UC, stratified by the presence of H. pylori infection. Patient demographics, length of stay, total hospital charges, and mortality were compared by H. pylori status. Additionally, complication rates were also compared between the two groups. Chi-squared and independent t-tests were used to compare outcomes and demographics, and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze primary and secondary outcomes. Results Patients with UC and HPI had a lower mortality rate (8.22 vs. 3.48, P<0.05, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.33) and lower hospital charges ($65,652 vs. $47,557, p<0.05, AOR 1) with similar length of stay. Patients with UC and HPI also had lower rates of intestinal perforation (2.16% vs. 1.12%, p=0.05, AOR 0.408) and intrabdominal abscess formation (0.89% vs. 0.12%, AOR 0.165, p=0.072), though this difference was not significant. From 2001 to 2013, the incidence of UC has increased while the incidence of HPI has decreased. Conclusions The lower hospital charges and mortality rate as well as decreased rates of intestinal perforation and abscess formation suggest that there may be a physiologic role that HPI plays in modulating UC. Further studies into the interaction of these two conditions would be beneficial in clarifying their relationship and may help guide treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Kahlam
- Internal Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Ayham Khrais
- Internal Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Ali Khalessi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Sushil Ahlawat
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, USA
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20
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Gong J, Yu J, Yin S, Ke J, Wu J, Liu C, Luo Z, Cheng WM, Xie Y, Chen Y, He Z, Lan P. Mesenteric Adipose Tissue-Derived Klebsiella variicola Disrupts Intestinal Barrier and Promotes Colitis by Type VI Secretion System. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205272. [PMID: 36802200 PMCID: PMC10131791 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) in Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with transmural inflammation. Extended mesenteric excision can reduce surgical recurrence and improve long-term outcomes, indicating that MAT plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CD. Bacterial translocation has been reported to occur in the MAT of patients with CD (CD-MAT), but the mechanisms by which translocated bacteria lead to intestinal colitis remain unclear. Here it is shown that members of Enterobacteriaceae are highly enriched in CD-MAT compared with non-CD controls. Viable Klebsiella variicola in Enterobacteriaceae is isolated exclusively in CD-MAT and can induce a pro-inflammatory response in vitro and exacerbates colitis both in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model and IL-10-/- spontaneous colitis mice model. Mechanistically, active type VI secretion system (T6SS) is identified in the genome of K. variicola, which can impair the intestinal barrier by inhibiting the zonula occludens (ZO-1) expression. Dysfunction of T6SS by CRISPR interference system alleviates the inhibitory effect of K. variicola on ZO-1 expression and attenuated colitis in mice. Overall, these findings demonstrate that a novel colitis-promoting bacteria exist in the mesenteric adipose tissue of CD, opening a new therapeutic avenue for colitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Gong
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Institute of GastroenterologyGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Shengmei Yin
- School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275P. R. China
| | - Jia Ke
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Institute of GastroenterologyGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Zhanhao Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Institute of GastroenterologyGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Wai Ming Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Institute of GastroenterologyGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Yaozu Xie
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Yuan Chen
- School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275P. R. China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
- Guangdong Institute of GastroenterologyGuangzhouGuangdong510655P. R. China
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21
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Munson E, Carroll KC. Update on Accepted Novel Bacterial Isolates Derived from Human Clinical Specimens and Taxonomic Revisions Published in 2020 and 2021. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0028222. [PMID: 36533910 PMCID: PMC9879126 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00282-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of factors, including microbiome analyses and the increased utilization of whole-genome sequencing in the clinical microbiology laboratory, has contributed to the explosion of novel prokaryotic species discovery, as well as bacterial taxonomy revision. This review attempts to summarize such changes relative to human clinical specimens that occurred in 2020 and 2021, per primary publication in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology or acceptance on Validation Lists published by the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. Of particular significance among valid and effectively published taxa within the past 2 years were novel Corynebacterium spp., coagulase-positive staphylococci, Pandoraea spp., and members of family Yersiniaceae. Noteworthy taxonomic revisions include those within the Bacillus and Lactobacillus genera, family Staphylococcaceae (including unifications of subspecies designations to species level taxa), Elizabethkingia spp., and former members of Clostridium spp. and Bacteroides spp. Revisions within the Brucella genus have the potential to cause deleterious effects unless the relevance of such changes is properly communicated by microbiologists to stakeholders in clinical practice, infection prevention, and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Munson
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Karen C. Carroll
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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22
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Shtossel O, Isakov H, Turjeman S, Koren O, Louzoun Y. Ordering taxa in image convolution networks improves microbiome-based machine learning accuracy. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2224474. [PMID: 37345233 PMCID: PMC10288916 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2224474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome is associated with a large number of disease etiologies. As such, it is a natural candidate for machine-learning-based biomarker development for multiple diseases and conditions. The microbiome is often analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing or shotgun metagenomics. However, several properties of microbial sequence-based studies hinder machine learning (ML), including non-uniform representation, a small number of samples compared with the dimension of each sample, and sparsity of the data, with the majority of taxa present in a small subset of samples. We show here using a graph representation that the cladogram structure is as informative as the taxa frequency. We then suggest a novel method to combine information from different taxa and improve data representation for ML using microbial taxonomy. iMic (image microbiome) translates the microbiome to images through an iterative ordering scheme, and applies convolutional neural networks to the resulting image. We show that iMic has a higher precision in static microbiome gene sequence-based ML than state-of-the-art methods. iMic also facilitates the interpretation of the classifiers through an explainable artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to iMic to detect taxa relevant to each condition. iMic is then extended to dynamic microbiome samples by translating them to movies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrit Shtossel
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Haim Isakov
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sondra Turjeman
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Omry Koren
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Yoram Louzoun
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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23
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Xiong S, Tan J, Wang Y, He J, Hu F, Wu X, Liu Z, Lin S, Li X, Chen Z, Mao R. Fibrosis in fat: From other diseases to Crohn’s disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935275. [PMID: 36091035 PMCID: PMC9453038 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Creeping fat is a specific feature of Crohn’s disease (CD) and is characterized by mesenteric fat wrapping around the intestine. It highly correlates with intestinal transmural inflammation, muscular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and stricture formation. However, the pathogenesis of creeping fat remains unclear. Molecular crosstalk exists between mesenteric fat and the intestine. Indeed, creeping fat contains different types of cells, including adipocytes and immune cells. These cell types can produce various cytokines, fatty acids, and growth factors, which affect the mesenteric fat function and modulate intestinal inflammation and immunity. Moreover, adipocyte progenitors can produce extracellular matrix to adapt to fat expansion. Previous studies have shown that fat fibrosis is an important feature of adipose tissue malfunction and exists in other diseases, including metabolic disorders, cancer, atrial fibrillation, and osteoarthritis. Furthermore, histological sections of CD showed fibrosis in the creeping fat. However, the role of fibrosis in the mesenteric fat of CD is not well understood. In this review, we summarized the possible mechanisms of fat fibrosis and its impact on other diseases. More specifically, we illustrated the role of various cells (adipocyte progenitors, macrophages, mast cells, and group 1 innate lymphoid cells) and molecules (including hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, platelet-derived growth factor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma) in the pathogenesis of fat fibrosis in other diseases to understand the role of creeping fat fibrosis in CD pathogenesis. Future research will provide key information to decipher the role of fat fibrosis in creeping fat formation and intestinal damage, thereby helping us identify novel targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinshen He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zishan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sinan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuehua Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ren Mao, ; Zhihui Chen,
| | - Ren Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huidong People’s Hospital, Huizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ren Mao, ; Zhihui Chen,
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24
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Wymore Brand M, Proctor AL, Hostetter JM, Zhou N, Friedberg I, Jergens AE, Phillips GJ, Wannemuehler MJ. Vertical transmission of attaching and invasive E. coli from the dam to neonatal mice predisposes to more severe colitis following exposure to a colitic insult later in life. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266005. [PMID: 35381031 PMCID: PMC8982877 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal microbiota begins to be acquired at birth and continually matures through early adolescence. Despite the relevance for gut health, few studies have evaluated the impact of pathobiont colonization of neonates on the severity of colitis later in life. LF82 is an adherent invasive E. coli strain associated with ileal Crohn’s disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice following E. coli LF82 colonization. Gnotobiotic mice harboring the altered Schaedler flora (ASF) were used as the model. While E. coli LF82 is neither adherent nor invasive, it was been demonstrated that adult ASF mice colonized with E. coli LF82 develop more severe DSS-induced colitis compared to control ASF mice treated with DSS. Therefore, we hypothesized that E. coli LF82 colonization of neonatal ASF mice would reduce the severity of DSS-induced inflammation compared to adult ASF mice colonized with E. coli LF82. To test this hypothesis, adult ASF mice were colonized with E. coli LF82 and bred to produce offspring (LF82N) that were vertically colonized with LF82. LF82N and adult-colonized (LF82A) mice were given 2.0% DSS in drinking water for seven days to trigger colitis. More severe inflammatory lesions were observed in the LF82N + DSS mice when compared to LF82A + DSS mice, and were characterized as transmural in most of the LF82N + DSS mice. Colitis was accompanied by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, IL-17) and specific mRNA transcripts within the colonic mucosa. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, LF82 colonization did not induce significant changes in the ASF community; however, minimal changes in spatial redistribution by fluorescent in situ hybridization were observed. These results suggest that the age at which mice were colonized with E. coli LF82 pathobiont differentially impacted severity of subsequent colitic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Wymore Brand
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Alexandra L. Proctor
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Jesse M. Hostetter
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Naihui Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Iddo Friedberg
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Albert E. Jergens
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Gregory J. Phillips
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Wannemuehler
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Islam MR, Arthur S, Haynes J, Butts MR, Nepal N, Sundaram U. The Role of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Obesity-Associated Chronic Gastrointestinal Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 14:624. [PMID: 35276983 PMCID: PMC8838694 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that has become a new focus of attention due to its association with numerous human diseases. Research over the last few decades has shown that the gut microbiota plays a considerable role in regulating intestinal homeostasis, and disruption to the microbial community has been linked to chronic disease conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), and obesity. Obesity has become a global pandemic, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide mostly in Western countries due to a sedentary lifestyle and consumption of high-fat/high-sugar diets. Obesity-mediated gut microbiota alterations have been associated with the development of IBD and IBD-induced CRC. This review highlights how obesity-associated dysbiosis can lead to the pathogenesis of IBD and CRC with a special focus on mechanisms of altered absorption of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Uma Sundaram
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (M.R.I.); (S.A.); (J.H.); (M.R.B.); (N.N.)
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26
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Jensen SK, Pærregaard SI, Brandum EP, Jørgensen AS, Hjortø GM, Jensen BAH. OUP accepted manuscript. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2022; 10:goac008. [PMID: 35291443 PMCID: PMC8915887 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal survival depends on a well-balanced immune system and maintenance of host–microbe mutualism. The fine-tuned relationship between the gut microbiota and host immunity is constantly challenged by opportunistic bacteria testing the integrity of gastrointestinal (GI) barrier defenses. Barrier dysfunction reduces immunological tolerance towards otherwise innocuous microbes; it is a process that may instigate chronic inflammation. Paradoxically, sustained inflammation further diminishes barrier function, enabling bacterial translocation to extra-intestinal tissues. Once translocated, these bacteria stimulate systemic inflammation, thereby compromising organ function. While genetic risk alleles associate with barrier dysfunction, environmental stressors are key triggers of GI inflammation and associated breakdown in immune tolerance towards resident gut microbes. As dietary components dictate substrate availability, they also orchestrate microbiota composition and function, including migratory and pro-inflammatory potential, thus holding the capacity to fuel both GI and extra-intestinal inflammation. Additionally, Western diet consumption may weaken barrier defenses via curbed Paneth cell function and diminished host-defense peptide secretion. This review focuses on intervenable niches of host–microbe interactions and mucosal immunity with the ambition to provide a framework of plausible strategies to improve barrier function and regain tolerance in the inflamed mucosa via nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sune K Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simone I Pærregaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma P Brandum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Astrid S Jørgensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gertrud M Hjortø
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin A H Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Corresponding author. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Build. 22.5.39, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark. Tel: +45-35330188;
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