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Sumida K, Mozhui K, Liang X, Mallisetty Y, Han Z, Kovesdy CP. Association of DNA methylation signatures with premature ageing and cardiovascular death in patients with end-stage kidney disease: a pilot epigenome-wide association study. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2214394. [PMID: 37207321 PMCID: PMC10202091 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2214394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) display features of premature aging. There is strong evidence that changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) contribute to age-related pathologies; however, little is known about their association with premature aging and cardiovascular mortality in patients with ESKD. We assayed genome-wide DNAm in a pilot case-control study of 60 hemodialysis patients with (n=30, cases) and without (n=30, controls) a fatal cardiovascular event. DNAm was profiled on the Illumina EPIC BeadChip. Four established DNAm clocks (i.e., Horvath-, Hannum-, Pheno-, and GrimAge) were used to estimate epigenetic age (DNAmAge). Epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) was derived as the residuals of regressing DNAmAge on chronological age (chroAge), and its association with cardiovascular death was examined using multivariable conditional logistic regression. An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) was performed to identify differentially methylated CpGs associated with cardiovascular death. All clocks performed well at predicting chroAge (correlation between DNAmAges and chroAge of r=0.76-0.89), with GrimAge showing the largest deviation from chroAge (a mean of +21.3 years). There was no significant association of EAAs with cardiovascular death. In the EWAS, a CpG (cg22305782) in the FBXL19 gene had the strongest association with cardiovascular death with significantly lower DNAm in cases vs. controls (PFDR=2.0x10-6). FBXL19 is involved in cell apoptosis, inflammation, and adipogenesis. Overall, we observed more accelerated aging in patients with ESKD, although there was no significant association of EAAs with cardiovascular death. EWAS suggests a potential novel DNAm biomarker for premature cardiovascular mortality in ESKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sumida
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yamini Mallisetty
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Zhongji Han
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Csaba P Kovesdy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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D'Souza A, Brazauskas R, Teng BQ, Yun G, Uttley H, Dong J, Dwinell MB, Pasquini MC, Giralt S, Landau H, Stadtmauer E, Krishnan A, Janz S. DNA methylation in circulating leukocytes is a novel biomarker in multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 2023; 58:334-336. [PMID: 36460820 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-022-01887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita D'Souza
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Ruta Brazauskas
- Division of Biostatistics, Insitute of Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Bi Qing Teng
- Division of Biostatistics, Insitute of Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Grant Yun
- MCW Medical School, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Hannah Uttley
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jing Dong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael B Dwinell
- Center for Immunology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Marcelo C Pasquini
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sergio Giralt
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather Landau
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward Stadtmauer
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amrita Krishnan
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Siegfried Janz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Gim JA. Integrative Approaches of DNA Methylation Patterns According to Age, Sex and Longitudinal Changes. Curr Genomics 2023; 23:385-399. [PMID: 37920553 PMCID: PMC10173416 DOI: 10.2174/1389202924666221207100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In humans, age-related DNA methylation has been studied in blood, tissues, buccal swabs, and fibroblasts, and changes in DNA methylation patterns according to age and sex have been detected. To date, approximately 137,000 samples have been analyzed from 14,000 studies, and the information has been uploaded to the NCBI GEO database. Methods A correlation between age and methylation level and longitudinal changes in methylation levels was revealed in both sexes. Here, 20 public datasets derived from whole blood were analyzed using the Illumina BeadChip. Batch effects with respect to the time differences were correlated. The overall change in the pattern was provided as the inverse of the coefficient of variation (COV). Results Of the 20 datasets, nine were from a longitudinal study. All data had age and sex as common variables. Comprehensive details of age-, sex-, and longitudinal change-based DNA methylation levels in the whole blood sample were elucidated in this study. ELOVL2 and FHL2 showed the maximum correlation between age and DNA methylation. The methylation patterns of genes related to mental health differed according to age. Age-correlated genes have been associated with malformations (anteverted nostril, craniofacial abnormalities, and depressed nasal bridge) and drug addiction (drug habituation and smoking). Conclusion Based on 20 public DNA methylation datasets, methylation levels according to age and longitudinal changes by sex were identified and visualized using an integrated approach. The results highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying the association of sex and biological age with changes in DNA methylation, and the importance of optimal genomic information management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-An Gim
- Medical Science Research Center, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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Joustra V, Li Yim AYF, Hageman I, Levin E, Adams A, Satsangi J, de Jonge WJ, Henneman P, D'Haens G. Long-term Temporal Stability of Peripheral Blood DNA Methylation Profiles in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:869-885. [PMID: 36581079 PMCID: PMC9972576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS There is great current interest in the potential application of DNA methylation alterations in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) as biomarkers of susceptibility, progression, and treatment response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the intra-individual stability of PBL methylation in IBD has not been characterized. Here, we studied the long-term stability of all probes located on the Illumina HumanMethylation EPIC BeadChip array. METHODS We followed a cohort of 46 adult patients with IBD (36 Crohn's disease [CD], 10 ulcerative colitis [UC]; median age, 44 years; interquartile range [IQR] 27-56 years; 50% female) that received standard care follow-up at the Amsterdam University Medical Centers. Paired PBL samples were collected at 2 time points with a median of 7 years (range, 2-9 years) in between. Differential methylation and intra-class correlation (ICC) analyses were used to identify time-associated differences and temporally stable CpGs, respectively. RESULTS Around 60% of all EPIC array loci presented poor intra-individual stability (ICC <0.50); 78.114 (≈9%) showed good (ICC, 0.75-0.89), and 41.274 (≈5%) showed excellent (ICC ≥0.90) stability, between both measured time points. Focusing on previously identified consistently differentially methylated positions indicated that 22 CD-, 11 UC-, and 24 IBD-associated loci demonstrated high stability (ICC ≥0.75) over time; of these, we observed a marked stability of CpG loci associated to the HLA genes. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide insight into the long-term stability of the PBL DNA methylome within an IBD context, facilitating the selection of biologically relevant and robust IBD-associated epigenetic biomarkers with increased potential for independent validation. These data also have potential implications in understanding disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Joustra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew Y F Li Yim
- Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ishtu Hageman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evgeni Levin
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Horaizon BV, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Alex Adams
- Oxford University- Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust- John Radcliffe Hospital, Translational Gastroenterology Unit- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Satsangi
- Oxford University- Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust- John Radcliffe Hospital, Translational Gastroenterology Unit- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wouter J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Henneman
- Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Geert D'Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Hypomethylation of RPTOR in peripheral blood is associated with very early-stage lung cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 537:173-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Scattone NV, Epiphanio TMF, Caddrobi KG, Ferrão JSP, Hernandez-Blazquez FJ, Loureiro APDM, Massoco CDO, Dagli MLZ. Quantification of Global DNA Methylation in Canine Melanotic and Amelanotic Oral Mucosal Melanomas and Peripheral Blood Leukocytes From the Same Patients With OMM: First Study. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:680181. [PMID: 34504885 PMCID: PMC8421724 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.680181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucosal melanomas (OMMs) are aggressive and resistant cancers of high importance in veterinary oncology. Amelanotic OMM produces comparatively less melanin and is considered to be more aggressive than melanotic OMM. Global DNA methylation profiles with hypomethylated or hypermethylated patterns have both been associated with aggressive neoplasms; however, global DNA hypomethylation seems to correlate to higher aggressiveness. Accordingly, global DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes has been investigated to understand the role of systemic or environmental factors in cancer development. This study aimed to quantify global DNA methylation in canine melanotic and amelanotic OMM samples and in the peripheral blood leukocytes of the same dogs. Tumor tissue samples were collected from 38 dogs, of which 19 were melanotic and 19 were amelanotic OMM. These were submitted to immunohistochemistry (IHC) with anti-5-methylcytosine (5mC) and anti-Ki67 primary antibodies. Ki67- and 5mC-positive nuclei were manually scored with the help of an image analysis system. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 18 among the 38 OMM-bearing dogs and from 7 additional healthy control dogs. Peripheral blood leukocytes were isolated from the 25 dogs, and DNA was extracted and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for global DNA methylation. The pattern of global DNA methylation in both canine melanotic and amelanotic OMM indicated higher percentages of weakly or negatively stained nuclei in most of the OMM cells, presuming predominant global DNA hypomethylation. In addition, Ki67 counts in amelanotic OMM were significantly higher than those in melanotic OMM (p < 0.001). Global DNA methylation different immunostaining patterns (strong, weak or negative) correlated with Ki67 scores. Global DNA methylation in circulating leukocytes did not differ between the 9 melanotic and 9 amelanotic OMM or between the 18 OMM-bearing dogs and the 7 healthy dogs. This study provides new information on canine melanotic and amelanotic OMM based on global DNA methylation and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayra Villar Scattone
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Oncology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Moreno Ferrarias Epiphanio
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Oncology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ana Paula de Melo Loureiro
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina de Oliveira Massoco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Oncology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Modhukur V, Sharma S, Mondal M, Lawarde A, Kask K, Sharma R, Salumets A. Machine Learning Approaches to Classify Primary and Metastatic Cancers Using Tissue of Origin-Based DNA Methylation Profiles. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3768. [PMID: 34359669 PMCID: PMC8345047 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cancers account for up to 90% of cancer-related deaths. The clear differentiation of metastatic cancers from primary cancers is crucial for cancer type identification and developing targeted treatment for each cancer type. DNA methylation patterns are suggested to be an intriguing target for cancer prediction and are also considered to be an important mediator for the transition to metastatic cancer. In the present study, we used 24 cancer types and 9303 methylome samples downloaded from publicly available data repositories, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). We constructed machine learning classifiers to discriminate metastatic, primary, and non-cancerous methylome samples. We applied support vector machines (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and random forest (RF) machine learning models to classify the cancer types based on their tissue of origin. RF outperformed the other classifiers, with an average accuracy of 99%. Moreover, we applied local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) to explain important methylation biomarkers to classify cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayachitra Modhukur
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (V.M.); (M.M.); (A.L.); (K.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Shakshi Sharma
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, 51009 Tartu, Estonia; (S.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Mainak Mondal
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (V.M.); (M.M.); (A.L.); (K.K.)
| | - Ankita Lawarde
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (V.M.); (M.M.); (A.L.); (K.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Keiu Kask
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (V.M.); (M.M.); (A.L.); (K.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, 51009 Tartu, Estonia; (S.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (V.M.); (M.M.); (A.L.); (K.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
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Michaud DS, Ruan M, Koestler DC, Pei D, Marsit CJ, De Vivo I, Kelsey KT. Epigenome-Wide Association Study Using Prediagnostic Bloods Identifies New Genomic Regions Associated With Pancreatic Cancer Risk. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2020; 4:pkaa041. [PMID: 33134824 PMCID: PMC7583152 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkaa041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenome-wide association studies using peripheral blood have identified specific sites of DNA methylation associated with risk of various cancers and may hold promise to identify novel biomarkers of risk; however, few studies have been performed for pancreatic cancer and none using a prospective study design. METHODS Using a nested case-control study design, incident pancreatic cancer cases and matched controls were identified from participants who provided blood at baseline in 3 prospective cohort studies. DNA methylation levels were measured in DNA extracted from leukocytes using the Illumina MethylationEPIC array. Average follow-up period for this analysis was 13 years. RESULTS Several new genomic regions were identified as being differentially methylated in cases and controls; the 5 strongest associations were observed for CpGs located in genes TMEM204/IFT140, MFSD6L, FAM134B/RETREG1, KCNQ1D, and C6orf227. For some CpGs located in chromosome 16p13.3 (near genes TMEM204 and IFT140), associations were stronger with shorter time to diagnosis (eg, odds ratio [OR] = 5.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.52 to 23.12, for top vs bottom quartile, for <5 years between blood draw and cancer diagnosis), but associations remained statistically significantly higher even when cases were diagnosed over 10 years after blood collection. Statistically significant differences in DNA methylation levels were also observed in the gastric secretion pathway using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis. CONCLUSIONS Changes in DNA methylation in peripheral blood may mark alterations in metabolic or immune pathways that play a role in pancreatic cancer. Identifying new biological pathways in carcinogenesis of pancreatic cancer using epigenome-wide association studies approach could provide new opportunities for improving treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique S Michaud
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Correspondence: Dominique S. Michaud, ScD, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA (e-mail: )
| | - Mengyuan Ruan
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Dong Pei
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Fulop T, Larbi A, Hirokawa K, Cohen AA, Witkowski JM. Immunosenescence is both functional/adaptive and dysfunctional/maladaptive. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:521-536. [PMID: 32930852 PMCID: PMC7490574 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the immune system with aging are considered to underlie many age-related diseases. However, many elderly individuals remain healthy until even a very advanced age. There is also an increase in numbers of centenarians and their apparent fitness. We should therefore change our unilaterally detrimental consideration of age-related immune changes. Recent data taking into consideration the immunobiography concept may allow for meaningful distinctions among various aging trajectories. This implies that the aging immune system has a homeodynamic characteristic balanced between adaptive and maladaptive aspects. The survival and health of an individual depends from the equilibrium of this balance. In this article, we highlight which parts of the aging of the immune system may be considered adaptive in contrast to those that may be maladaptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fulop
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada.
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - A Larbi
- Biology of Aging Program and Immunomonitoring Platform, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Biopolis, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - K Hirokawa
- Institute of Health and Life Science, Tokyo and Nito-memory Nakanosogo Hospital, Department of Pathology, Tokyo Med. Dent. University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A A Cohen
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - J M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Magno Guimarães D, deLucas da Silva Almeida F, Moraes Castilho R, Eduardo Nor J, Daumas Nunes F. DNA methyltransferase expression is associated with cell proliferation in salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:1053-1060. [PMID: 32740989 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study investigated the correlation between the expression of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B and the proliferation of mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MECs) using the molecular markers Ki-67 and cyclin D1. This study also demonstrates the effects of 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5AC) on the MEC tumor cell lines in relation to DNMT1 and DNMT3A expression, and cell-cycle arrest. MATERIALS AND METHODS The immunohistochemistry of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, Ki-67, and cyclin D1 was analyzed in 40 samples of MEC and 15 samples of healthy minor salivary glands. The effects of 5AC on DNMT1 and DNMT3B expression in MEC cell lines were analyzed by Western blot, and the effects of 5AC on the cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS The expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3B was more intense in MECs than in healthy salivary glands. A strong correlation was found between the expression of the DNMTs and the proliferation markers. This correlation was validated In Vitro, where treatment with 5AC reduced the expression of the DNMTs and the percentage of cells at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. CONCLUSION The expression of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B is correlated significantly with the expression of Ki-67 and cyclin D1. The treatment with 5AC reduces DNMT expression and decreases the percentage of cells at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, while increasing the cells at the G0/G1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Magno Guimarães
- Dental School, University Center of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.,Department of Surgery and Oral Pathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jaques Eduardo Nor
- Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fabio Daumas Nunes
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wu J, Cang S, Liu C, Ochiai W, Chiao JW. Development of human prostate cancer stem cells involves epigenomic alteration and PI3K/AKT pathway activation. Exp Hematol Oncol 2020; 9:12. [PMID: 32537260 PMCID: PMC7288500 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-020-00168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human prostate cancer spheres endowed with stem cell properties have been obtained from androgen-dependent cell line LNCaP after exposure to an epigenomic modulator phenethyl isothiocynate (PEITC). Sphere cells can self-renew and grow with androgen, and also without androgen. Little is known about the signaling pathway and mechanism in the development of the stem cells in the spheres. Methods Expression of phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway members and histone acetylation were quantified in the tumor spheres and LNCaP cells by western immunoblotting. Results The level of phosphorylated AKT was significantly increased in the sphere stem cells than the LNCaP cells at an average of 7.4 folds (range 5.8–10.7 folds), whereas the P27 level was elevated 5.4 folds (range 4.8–6.3 folds) (P < 0.05). The acetylation level on histone H3 lysine 9 was decreased. Conclusions PEITC appears to regulate the epigenome through histone acetylation and activate the PI3K/AKT pathway in the LNCaP cells. This mechanism may be responsible in part for the development of the prostate cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province China
| | - Shundong Cang
- Department of Oncology, The Henan Province Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province China
| | | | - Whitman Ochiai
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA
| | - Jen Wei Chiao
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA
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