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Sjekloća L, Buratti E. tRNA Arg binds in vitro TDP-43 RNA recognition motifs and ligand of Ate1 protein LIAT1. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2024; 2024:10.17912/micropub.biology.001224. [PMID: 39081859 PMCID: PMC11287377 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is important for RNA metabolism in all animals and its malfunctions are linked to neurodegenerative and myodegenerative diseases in humans. Arginyl transferase Ate1 transfers an arginyl group from arginylated tRNA Arg to proteolytic fragments of the C-terminal region of TDP-43, prompting their degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome system, thus contributing to TDP-43 proteostasis. To gain more insight into the molecular basis of TDP-43 arginylation, we tested if tRNA Arg could bind in vitro to a panel of recombinant multidomain constructs of human TDP-43 or to the arginylation cofactor protein LIAT1. We observed that in vitro- transcribed human tRNA Arg directly interacts with the RNA recognition motifs of TDP-43 and that their binding is stabilized by dimerization, which is promoted by the amino-terminal domain and the nuclear localization signal sequence of TDP-43. Moreover, the same human TDP-43 constructs that bind tRNA Arg bind native fungal tRNA Phe , suggesting that TDP-43 can bind different populations of tRNAs. Interestingly, human tRNA Arg is also able to bind recombinant mouse LIAT1 suggesting, for the first time, that LIAT1 is an RNA-binding protein. Our findings open a new perspective on the intricate crosstalk between protein and tRNA metabolism, which may eventually contribute to the understanding of the role of TDP-43 proteostasis in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Sjekloća
- Molecular Pathology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Padriciano 99, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Emanuele Buratti
- Molecular Pathology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Padriciano 99, Trieste 34149, Italy
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2
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López-Carbonero JI, García-Toledo I, Fernández-Hernández L, Bascuñana P, Gil-Moreno MJ, Matías-Guiu JA, Corrochano S. In vivo diagnosis of TDP-43 proteinopathies: in search of biomarkers of clinical use. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:29. [PMID: 38831349 PMCID: PMC11149336 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00419-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
TDP-43 proteinopathies are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders that share the presence of aberrant, misfolded and mislocalized deposits of the protein TDP-43, as in the case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and some, but not all, pathological variants of frontotemporal dementia. In recent years, many other diseases have been reported to have primary or secondary TDP-43 proteinopathy, such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease or the recently described limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, highlighting the need for new and accurate methods for the early detection of TDP-43 proteinopathy to help on the stratification of patients with overlapping clinical diagnosis. Currently, TDP-43 proteinopathy remains a post-mortem pathologic diagnosis. Although the main aim is to determine the pathologic TDP-43 proteinopathy in the central nervous system (CNS), the ubiquitous expression of TDP-43 in biofluids and cells outside the CNS facilitates the use of other accessible target tissues that might reflect the potential TDP-43 alterations in the brain. In this review, we describe the main developments in the early detection of TDP-43 proteinopathies, and their potential implications on diagnosis and future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan I López-Carbonero
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene García-Toledo
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández-Hernández
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Gil-Moreno
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi A Matías-Guiu
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Corrochano
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Zibold J, Lessard LER, Picard F, da Silva LG, Zadorozhna Y, Streichenberger N, Belotti E, Osseni A, Emerit A, Errazuriz-Cerda E, Michel-Calemard L, Menassa R, Coudert L, Wiessner M, Stucka R, Klopstock T, Simonetti F, Hutten S, Nonaka T, Hasegawa M, Strom TM, Bernard E, Ollagnon E, Urtizberea A, Dormann D, Petiot P, Schaeffer L, Senderek J, Leblanc P. The new missense G376V-TDP-43 variant induces late-onset distal myopathy but not amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2024; 147:1768-1783. [PMID: 38079474 PMCID: PMC11068115 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
TAR DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43)-positive inclusions in neurons are a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases including familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS) caused by pathogenic TARDBP variants as well as more common non-Mendelian sporadic ALS (sALS). Here we report a G376V-TDP-43 missense variant in the C-terminal prion-like domain of the protein in two French families affected by an autosomal dominant myopathy but not fulfilling diagnostic criteria for ALS. Patients from both families presented with progressive weakness and atrophy of distal muscles, starting in their fifth to seventh decade. Muscle biopsies revealed a degenerative myopathy characterized by accumulation of rimmed (autophagic) vacuoles, disruption of sarcomere integrity and severe myofibrillar disorganization. The G376V variant altered a highly conserved amino acid residue and was absent in databases on human genome variation. Variant pathogenicity was supported by in silico analyses and functional studies. The G376V mutant increased the formation of cytoplasmic TDP-43 condensates in cell culture models, promoted assembly into high molecular weight oligomers and aggregates in vitro, and altered morphology of TDP-43 condensates arising from phase separation. Moreover, the variant led to the formation of cytoplasmic TDP-43 condensates in patient-derived myoblasts and induced abnormal mRNA splicing in patient muscle tissue. The identification of individuals with TDP-43-related myopathy, but not ALS, implies that TARDBP missense variants may have more pleiotropic effects than previously anticipated and support a primary role for TDP-43 in skeletal muscle pathophysiology. We propose to include TARDBP screening in the genetic work-up of patients with late-onset distal myopathy. Further research is warranted to examine the precise pathogenic mechanisms of TARDBP variants causing either a neurodegenerative or myopathic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zibold
- Friedrich-Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Lola E R Lessard
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- Service d’Electroneuromyographie et de pathologies neuromusculaires, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Flavien Picard
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Lara Gruijs da Silva
- Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), LMU BioCenter, Department Biology II Neurobiology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Center for Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Yelyzaveta Zadorozhna
- Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- International PhD Programme (IPP) of the Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nathalie Streichenberger
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- Département d’Anatomo-Pathologie, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Edwige Belotti
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Alexis Osseni
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Andréa Emerit
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Laurence Michel-Calemard
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- Service Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de biologie et pathologie Est, Hospices civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Rita Menassa
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- Service Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de biologie et pathologie Est, Hospices civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Laurent Coudert
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Manuela Wiessner
- Friedrich-Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Stucka
- Friedrich-Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Friedrich-Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich Site, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Francesca Simonetti
- Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), LMU BioCenter, Department Biology II Neurobiology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich Site, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Saskia Hutten
- Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Takashi Nonaka
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Emilien Bernard
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- Service d’Electroneuromyographie et de pathologies neuromusculaires, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Elisabeth Ollagnon
- Service de Génétique, Neurogénétique et Médecine Prédictive, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - Andoni Urtizberea
- Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire, Hôpital Marin—APHP, 64701 Hendaye, France
| | - Dorothee Dormann
- Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Laurent Schaeffer
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich-Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Pascal Leblanc
- Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Institut NeuroMyoGène-PGNM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
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Văcăraş V, Vulturar R, Chiş A, Damian L. Inclusion body myositis, viral infections, and TDP-43: a narrative review. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:91. [PMID: 38693436 PMCID: PMC11062973 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitous RNA-processing molecule TDP-43 is involved in neuromuscular diseases such as inclusion body myositis, a late-onset acquired inflammatory myopathy. TDP-43 solubility and function are disrupted in certain viral infections. Certain viruses, high viremia, co-infections, reactivation of latent viruses, and post-acute expansion of cytotoxic T cells may all contribute to inclusion body myositis, mainly in an age-shaped immune landscape. The virally induced senescent, interferon gamma-producing cytotoxic CD8+ T cells with increased inflammatory, and cytotoxic features are involved in the occurrence of inclusion body myositis in most such cases, in a genetically predisposed host. We discuss the putative mechanisms linking inclusion body myositis, TDP-43, and viral infections untangling the links between viruses, interferon, and neuromuscular degeneration could shed a light on the pathogenesis of the inclusion body myositis and other TDP-43-related neuromuscular diseases, with possible therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalie Văcăraş
- Department of Neurosciences, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 43, Victor Babeş St, 400012, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Neurology Department of Cluj, County Emergency Hospital, 3-5, Clinicilor St, 400347, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romana Vulturar
- Department of Molecular Sciences, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 6, Pasteur St, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, University Babeş-Bolyai, 30, Fântânele St, 400294, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Association for Innovation in Rare Inflammatory, Metabolic, Genetic Diseases INNOROG, 30E, Făgetului St, 400497, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adina Chiş
- Department of Molecular Sciences, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 6, Pasteur St, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, University Babeş-Bolyai, 30, Fântânele St, 400294, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Association for Innovation in Rare Inflammatory, Metabolic, Genetic Diseases INNOROG, 30E, Făgetului St, 400497, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Laura Damian
- Association for Innovation in Rare Inflammatory, Metabolic, Genetic Diseases INNOROG, 30E, Făgetului St, 400497, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre for Rare Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases, Emergency, Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 2-4, Clinicilor St, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- CMI Reumatologie Dr. Damian, 6-8, Petru Maior St, 400002, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Zhang QJ, Lin J, Wang YL, Chen L, Ding Y, Zheng FZ, Song HH, Lv AW, Li YY, Guo QF, Lin MT, Hu W, Xu LQ, Zhao WL, Fang L, Cui MC, Fu ZF, Chen WJ, Zhang J, Wang ZQ, Wang N, Fu Y. Detection of pTDP-43 via routine muscle biopsy: A promising diagnostic biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Pathol 2024:e13261. [PMID: 38602336 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease, pathologically characterized by TDP-43 aggregates. Recent evidence has been indicated that phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) is present not only in motor neurons but also in muscle tissues. However, it is unclear whether testing pTDP-43 aggregation in muscle tissue would assist in the diagnosis of ALS. We propose three key questions: (i) Is aggregation of pTDP-43 detectable in routine biopsied muscles? (ii) Can detection of pTDP-43 aggregation discriminate between ALS and non-ALS patients? (iii) Can pTDP-43 aggregation be observed in the early stages of ALS? We conducted a diagnostic study comprising 2 groups: an ALS group in which 18 cases underwent muscle biopsy screened from a registered ALS cohort consisting of 802 patients and a non-ALS control group, in which we randomly selected 54 muscle samples from a biospecimen bank of 684 patients. Among the 18 ALS patients, 3 patients carried pathological GGGGCC repeats in the C9ORF72 gene, 2 patients carried SOD1 mutations, and 7 patients were at an early stage with only one body region clinically affected. The pTDP-43 accumulation could be detected in routine biopsied muscles, including biceps brachii, deltoid, tibialis anterior, and quadriceps. Abnormal aggregation of pTDP-43 was present in 94.4% of ALS patients (17/18) compared to 29.6% of non-ALS controls (16/54; p < 0.001). The pTDP-43 aggregates were mainly close to the sarcolemma. Using a semi-quantified pTDP-43 aggregates score, we applied a cut-off value of 3 as a diagnostic biomarker, resulting in a sensitivity of 94.4% and a specificity of 83.3%. Moreover, we observed that accumulation of pTDP-43 occurred in muscle tissues prior to clinical symptoms and electromyographic lesions. Our study provides proof-of-concept for the detection of pTDP-43 accumulation via routine muscle biopsy which may serve as a novel biomarker for diagnosis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - You-Liang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fu-Ze Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huan-Huan Song
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ao-Wei Lv
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Fu Guo
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Min-Ting Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liu-Qing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Long Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Chao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Fu
- Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wan-Jin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Human Brain Bank for Health and Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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6
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Xu L, Wang Y, Wang W, Zhang R, Zhao D, Yun Y, Liu F, Zhao Y, Yan C, Lin P. Novel TFG mutation causes autosomal-dominant spastic paraplegia and defects in autophagy. J Med Genet 2024; 61:325-331. [PMID: 37890998 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the tropomyosin receptor kinase fused (TFG) gene are associated with various neurological disorders, including autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), autosomal dominant hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) and autosomal dominant type of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2. METHODS Whole genome sequencing and whole-exome sequencing were used, followed by Sanger sequencing for validation. Haplotype analysis was performed to confirm the inheritance mode of the novel TFG mutation in a large Chinese family with HSP. Additionally, another family diagnosed with HMSN-P and carrying the reported TFG mutation was studied. Clinical data and muscle pathology comparisons were drawn between patients with HSP and patients with HMSN-P. Furthermore, functional studies using skin fibroblasts derived from patients with HSP and patients with HMSN-P were conducted to investigate the pathomechanisms of TFG mutations. RESULTS A novel heterozygous TFG variant (NM_006070.6: c.125G>A (p.R42Q)) was identified and caused pure HSP. We further confirmed that the well-documented recessively inherited spastic paraplegia, caused by homozygous TFG mutations, exists in a dominantly inherited form. Although the clinical features and muscle pathology between patients with HSP and patients with HMSN-P were distinct, skin fibroblasts derived from both patient groups exhibited reduced levels of autophagy-related proteins and the presence of TFG-positive puncta. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that autophagy impairment may serve as a common pathomechanism among different clinical phenotypes caused by TFG mutations. Consequently, targeting autophagy may facilitate the development of a uniform treatment for TFG-related neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yan Yun
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Pengfei Lin
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Duranti E, Villa C. Muscle Involvement in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Understanding the Pathogenesis and Advancing Therapeutics. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1582. [PMID: 38002264 PMCID: PMC10669302 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal condition characterized by the selective loss of motor neurons in the motor cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord. Muscle involvement, muscle atrophy, and subsequent paralysis are among the main features of this disease, which is defined as a neuromuscular disorder. ALS is a persistently progressive disease, and as motor neurons continue to degenerate, individuals with ALS experience a gradual decline in their ability to perform daily activities. Ultimately, muscle function loss may result in paralysis, presenting significant challenges in mobility, communication, and self-care. While the majority of ALS research has traditionally focused on pathogenic pathways in the central nervous system, there has been a great interest in muscle research. These studies were carried out on patients and animal models in order to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved and to develop therapies aimed at improving muscle function. This review summarizes the features of ALS and discusses the role of muscle, as well as examines recent studies in the development of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Villa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy;
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8
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Tsuboguchi S, Nakamura Y, Ishihara T, Kato T, Sato T, Koyama A, Mori H, Koike Y, Onodera O, Ueno M. TDP-43 differentially propagates to induce antero- and retrograde degeneration in the corticospinal circuits in mouse focal ALS models. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:611-629. [PMID: 37555859 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by TDP-43 inclusions in the cortical and spinal motor neurons. It remains unknown whether and how pathogenic TDP-43 spreads across neural connections to progress degenerative processes in the cortico-spinal motor circuitry. Here we established novel mouse ALS models that initially induced mutant TDP-43 inclusions in specific neuronal or cell types in the motor circuits, and investigated whether TDP-43 and relevant pathological processes spread across neuronal or cellular connections. We first developed ALS models that primarily induced TDP-43 inclusions in the corticospinal neurons, spinal motor neurons, or forelimb skeletal muscle, by using adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing mutant TDP-43. We found that TDP-43 induced in the corticospinal neurons was transported along the axons anterogradely and transferred to the oligodendrocytes along the corticospinal tract (CST), coinciding with mild axon degeneration. In contrast, TDP-43 introduced in the spinal motor neurons did not spread retrogradely to the cortical or spinal neurons; however, it induced an extreme loss of spinal motor neurons and subsequent degeneration of neighboring spinal neurons, suggesting a degenerative propagation in a retrograde manner in the spinal cord. The intraspinal degeneration further led to severe muscle atrophy. Finally, TDP-43 induced in the skeletal muscle did not propagate pathological events to spinal neurons retrogradely. Our data revealed that mutant TDP-43 spread across neuro-glial connections anterogradely in the corticospinal pathway, whereas it exhibited different retrograde degenerative properties in the spinal circuits. This suggests that pathogenic TDP-43 may induce distinct antero- and retrograde mechanisms of degeneration in the motor system in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Tsuboguchi
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ishihara
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kato
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tokiharu Sato
- Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihide Koyama
- Division of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideki Mori
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yuka Koike
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Osamu Onodera
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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9
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Potel KN, Cornelius VA, Yacoub A, Chokr A, Donaghy CL, Kelaini S, Eleftheriadou M, Margariti A. Effects of non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins on mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1165302. [PMID: 37719978 PMCID: PMC10502732 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1165302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular complications are the main cause of diabetes mellitus-associated morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction underly injury to the vascular endothelium and myocardium, resulting in diabetic angiopathy and cardiomyopathy. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to play an important role in cardiomyopathic disruptions of key cellular functions, including energy metabolism and oxidative balance. Both non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins are implicated in diabetic cardiomyopathy, however, their impact on mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of this disease is largely unknown. Elucidating the effects of non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins on mitochondrial pathways in diabetic cardiomyopathy would allow further insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic vascular complications and could facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies. Stem cell-based models can facilitate the study of non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins and their unique characteristics make them a promising tool to improve our understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction and vascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koray N. Potel
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria A. Cornelius
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Yacoub
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Chokr
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Clare L. Donaghy
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia Kelaini
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalini Eleftheriadou
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Andriana Margariti
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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10
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Nag S, Schneider JA. Limbic-predominant age-related TDP43 encephalopathy (LATE) neuropathological change in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:525-541. [PMID: 37563264 PMCID: PMC10964248 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) is a focus of research in late-onset dementias. TDP43 pathology in the brain was initially identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and later in Alzheimer disease (AD), other neurodegenerative diseases and ageing. Limbic-predominant age-related TDP43 encephalopathy (LATE), recognized as a clinical entity in 2019, is characterized by amnestic dementia resembling AD dementia and occurring most commonly in adults over 80 years of age. Neuropathological findings in LATE, referred to as LATE neuropathological change (LATE-NC), consist of neuronal and glial cytoplasmic TDP43 localized predominantly in limbic areas with or without coexisting hippocampal sclerosis and/or AD neuropathological change and without frontotemporal lobar degeneration or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathology. LATE-NC is frequently associated with one or more coexisting pathologies, mainly AD neuropathological change. The focus of this Review is the pathology, genetic risk factors and nature of the cognitive impairments and dementia in pure LATE-NC and in LATE-NC associated with coexisting pathologies. As the clinical and cognitive profile of LATE is currently not easily distinguishable from AD dementia, it is important to develop biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of this condition in the clinic. The pathogenesis of LATE-NC should be a focus of future research to form the basis for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukriti Nag
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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11
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Brunette S, Sharma A, Bell R, Puente L, Megeney LA. Caspase 3 exhibits a yeast metacaspase proteostasis function that protects mitochondria from toxic TDP43 aggregates. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2023; 10:157-169. [PMID: 37545643 PMCID: PMC10399456 DOI: 10.15698/mic2023.08.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Caspase 3 activation is a hallmark of cell death and there is a strong correlation between elevated protease activity and evolving pathology in neurodegenerative disease, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). At the cellular level, ALS is characterized by protein aggregates and inclusions, comprising the RNA binding protein TDP-43, which are hypothesized to trigger pathogenic activation of caspase 3. However, a growing body of evidence indicates this protease is essential for ensuring cell viability during growth, differentiation and adaptation to stress. Here, we explored whether caspase 3 acts to disperse toxic protein aggregates, a proteostasis activity first ascribed to the distantly related yeast metacaspase ScMCA1. We demonstrate that human caspase 3 can functionally substitute for the ScMCA1 and limit protein aggregation in yeast, including TDP-43 inclusions. Proteomic analysis revealed that disrupting caspase 3 in the same yeast substitution model resulted in detrimental TDP-43/mitochondrial protein associations. Similarly, suppression of caspase 3, in either murine or human skeletal muscle cells, led to accumulation of TDP-43 aggregates and impaired mitochondrial function. These results suggest that caspase 3 is not inherently pathogenic, but may act as a compensatory proteostasis factor, to limit TDP-43 protein inclusions and protect organelle function in aggregation related degenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Brunette
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Anupam Sharma
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan Bell
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lawrence Puente
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lynn A Megeney
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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12
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Inácio JM, Cristo F, Pinheiro M, Vasques-Nóvoa F, Saraiva F, Nunes MM, Rosas G, Reis A, Coimbra R, Oliveira JL, Moura G, Leite-Moreira A, Belo JA. Myocardial RNA Sequencing Reveals New Potential Therapeutic Targets in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2131. [PMID: 37626628 PMCID: PMC10452106 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a global health challenge, with limited therapies proven to enhance patient outcomes. This makes the elucidation of disease mechanisms and the identification of novel potential therapeutic targets a priority. Here, we performed RNA sequencing on ventricular myocardial biopsies from patients with HFpEF, prospecting to discover distinctive transcriptomic signatures. A total of 306 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEG) and 152 differentially expressed microRNAs (DEM) were identified and enriched in several biological processes involved in HF. Moreover, by integrating mRNA and microRNA expression data, we identified five potentially novel miRNA-mRNA relationships in HFpEF: the upregulated hsa-miR-25-3p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, and has-miR4429, targeting HAPLN1; and NPPB mRNA, targeted by hsa-miR-26a-5p and miR-140-3p. Exploring the predicted miRNA-mRNA interactions experimentally, we demonstrated that overexpression of the distinct miRNAs leads to the downregulation of their target genes. Interestingly, we also observed that microRNA signatures display a higher discriminative power to distinguish HFpEF sub-groups over mRNA signatures. Our results offer new mechanistic clues, which can potentially translate into new HFpEF therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Inácio
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.M.I.); (F.C.); (M.M.N.); (G.R.)
| | - Fernando Cristo
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.M.I.); (F.C.); (M.M.N.); (G.R.)
| | - Miguel Pinheiro
- Genome Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute for Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.P.); (A.R.); (R.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 1169-056 Porto, Portugal; (F.V.-N.); (F.S.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - Francisca Saraiva
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 1169-056 Porto, Portugal; (F.V.-N.); (F.S.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - Mafalda M. Nunes
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.M.I.); (F.C.); (M.M.N.); (G.R.)
| | - Graça Rosas
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.M.I.); (F.C.); (M.M.N.); (G.R.)
| | - Andreia Reis
- Genome Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute for Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.P.); (A.R.); (R.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Rita Coimbra
- Genome Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute for Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.P.); (A.R.); (R.C.); (G.M.)
| | - José Luís Oliveira
- Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Gabriela Moura
- Genome Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute for Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.P.); (A.R.); (R.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 1169-056 Porto, Portugal; (F.V.-N.); (F.S.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - José António Belo
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.M.I.); (F.C.); (M.M.N.); (G.R.)
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13
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Arnold FJ, Nguyen AD, Bedlack RS, Bennett CL, La Spada AR. Intercellular transmission of pathogenic proteins in ALS: Exploring the pathogenic wave. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106218. [PMID: 37394036 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), disease symptoms and pathology typically spread in a predictable spatiotemporal pattern beginning at a focal site of onset and progressing along defined neuroanatomical tracts. Like other neurodegenerative diseases, ALS is characterized by the presence of protein aggregates in postmortem patient tissue. Cytoplasmic, ubiquitin-positive aggregates of TDP-43 are observed in approximately 97% of sporadic and familial ALS patients, while SOD1 inclusions are likely specific to cases of SOD1-ALS. Additionally, the most common subtype of familial ALS, caused by a hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the first intron of the C9orf72 gene (C9-ALS), is further characterized by the presence of aggregated dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). As we will describe, cell-to-cell propagation of these pathological proteins tightly correlates with the contiguous spread of disease. While TDP-43 and SOD1 are capable of seeding protein misfolding and aggregation in a prion-like manner, C9orf72 DPRs appear to induce (and transmit) a 'disease state' more generally. Multiple mechanisms of intercellular transport have been described for all of these proteins, including anterograde and retrograde axonal transport, extracellular vesicle secretion, and macropinocytosis. In addition to neuron-to-neuron transmission, transmission of pathological proteins occurs between neurons and glia. Given that the spread of ALS disease pathology corresponds with the spread of symptoms in patients, the various mechanisms by which ALS-associated protein aggregates propagate through the central nervous system should be closely examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Arnold
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - A D Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - R S Bedlack
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - C L Bennett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - A R La Spada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departments of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; UCI Center for Neurotherapeutics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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14
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Ionescu A, Altman T, Perlson E. Looking for answers far away from the soma-the (un)known axonal functions of TDP-43, and their contribution to early NMJ disruption in ALS. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:35. [PMID: 37259156 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00623-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon degeneration and Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) disruption are key pathologies in the fatal neurodegenerative disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Despite accumulating evidence that axons and NMJs are impacted at a very early stage of the disease, current knowledge about the mechanisms leading to their degeneration remains elusive. Cytoplasmic mislocalization and accumulation of the protein TDP-43 are considered key pathological hallmarks of ALS, as they occur in ~ 97% of ALS patients, both sporadic and familial. Recent studies have identified pathological accumulation of TDP-43 in intramuscular nerves of muscle biopsies collected from pre-diagnosed, early symptomatic ALS patients. These findings suggest a gain of function for TDP-43 in axons, which might facilitate early NMJ disruption. In this review, we dissect the process leading to axonal TDP-43 accumulation and phosphorylation, discuss the known and hypothesized roles TDP-43 plays in healthy axons, and review possible mechanisms that connect TDP-43 pathology to the axon and NMJ degeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Ionescu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Room 605, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Topaz Altman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Room 605, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Perlson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Room 605, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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15
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Is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis a prion-like disorder? A case report. Neurol Sci 2023:10.1007/s10072-023-06732-w. [PMID: 36884103 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06732-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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16
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Aishwarya R, Abdullah CS, Remex NS, Nitu S, Hartman B, King J, Bhuiyan MAN, Rom O, Miriyala S, Panchatcharam M, Orr AW, Kevil CG, Bhuiyan MS. Pathological Sequelae Associated with Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Histopathology in G93A*SOD1 Mice. MUSCLES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 2:51-74. [PMID: 38516553 PMCID: PMC10956373 DOI: 10.3390/muscles2010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex systemic disease that primarily involves motor neuron dysfunction and skeletal muscle atrophy. One commonly used mouse model to study ALS was generated by transgenic expression of a mutant form of human superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene harboring a single amino acid substitution of glycine to alanine at codon 93 (G93A*SOD1). Although mutant-SOD1 is ubiquitously expressed in G93A*SOD1 mice, a detailed analysis of the skeletal muscle expression pattern of the mutant protein and the resultant muscle pathology were never performed. Using different skeletal muscles isolated from G93A*SOD1 mice, we extensively characterized the pathological sequelae of histological, molecular, ultrastructural, and biochemical alterations. Muscle atrophy in G93A*SOD1 mice was associated with increased and differential expression of mutant-SOD1 across myofibers and increased MuRF1 protein level. In addition, high collagen deposition and myopathic changes sections accompanied the reduced muscle strength in the G93A*SOD1 mice. Furthermore, all the muscles in G93A*SOD1 mice showed altered protein levels associated with different signaling pathways, including inflammation, mitochondrial membrane transport, mitochondrial lipid uptake, and antioxidant enzymes. In addition, the mutant-SOD1 protein was found in the mitochondrial fraction in the muscles from G93A*SOD1 mice, which was accompanied by vacuolized and abnormal mitochondria, altered OXPHOS and PDH complex protein levels, and defects in mitochondrial respiration. Overall, we reported the pathological sequelae observed in the skeletal muscles of G93A*SOD1 mice resulting from the whole-body mutant-SOD1 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Aishwarya
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Chowdhury S. Abdullah
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Naznin Sultana Remex
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Sadia Nitu
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Brandon Hartman
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Judy King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | | | - Oren Rom
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Sumitra Miriyala
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Manikandan Panchatcharam
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - A. Wayne Orr
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Christopher G. Kevil
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
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17
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Donadio V, Sturchio A, Rizzo G, Abu Rumeileh S, Liguori R, Espay AJ. Pathology vs pathogenesis: Rationale and pitfalls in the clinicopathology model of neurodegeneration. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 192:35-55. [PMID: 36796947 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-85538-9.00001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
In neurodegenerative disorders, the term pathology is often implicitly referred to as pathogenesis. Pathology has been conceived as a window into the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. This clinicopathologic framework posits that what can be identified and quantified in postmortem brain tissue can explain both premortem clinical manifestations and the cause of death, a forensic approach to understanding neurodegeneration. As the century-old clinicopathology framework has yielded little correlation between pathology and clinical features or neuronal loss, the relationship between proteins and degeneration is ripe for revisitation. There are indeed two synchronous consequences of protein aggregation in neurodegeneration: the loss of the soluble/normal proteins on one; the accrual of the insoluble/abnormal fraction of these proteins on the other. The omission of the first part in the protein aggregation process is an artifact of the early autopsy studies: soluble, normal proteins have disappeared, with only the remaining insoluble fraction amenable to quantification. We here review the collective evidence from human data suggesting that protein aggregates, known collectively as pathology, are the consequence of many biological, toxic, and infectious exposures, but may not explain alone the cause or pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Donadio
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Sturchio
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuro Svenningsson, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Giovanni Rizzo
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Samir Abu Rumeileh
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto J Espay
- James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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18
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Lépine S, Castellanos-Montiel MJ, Durcan TM. TDP-43 dysregulation and neuromuscular junction disruption in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:56. [PMID: 36575535 PMCID: PMC9793560 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disease characterized by upper and lower motor neuron (MN) loss with a signature feature of cytoplasmic aggregates containing TDP-43, which are detected in nearly all patients. Mutations in the gene that encodes TDP-43 (TARBDP) are known to result in both familial and sporadic ALS. In ALS, disruption of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) constitutes a critical event in disease pathogenesis, leading to denervation atrophy, motor impairments and disability. Morphological defects and impaired synaptic transmission at NMJs have been reported in several TDP-43 animal models and in vitro, linking TDP-43 dysregulation to the loss of NMJ integrity in ALS. Through the lens of the dying-back and dying-forward hypotheses of ALS, this review discusses the roles of TDP-43 related to synaptic function, with a focus on the potential molecular mechanisms occurring within MNs, skeletal muscles and glial cells that may contribute to NMJ disruption in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lépine
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649The Neuro’s Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4 Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3605 De La Montagne, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1 Canada
| | - Maria José Castellanos-Montiel
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649The Neuro’s Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4 Canada
| | - Thomas Martin Durcan
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649The Neuro’s Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4 Canada
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19
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The Cellular and Molecular Signature of ALS in Muscle. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111868. [PMID: 36579600 PMCID: PMC9692882 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Although motor neuron death is the core event of ALS pathology, it is increasingly recognized that other tissues and cell types are affected in the disease, making potentially major contributions to the occurrence and progression of pathology. We review here the known cellular and molecular characteristics of muscle tissue affected by ALS. Evidence of toxicity in skeletal muscle tissue is considered, including metabolic dysfunctions, impaired proteostasis, and deficits in muscle regeneration and RNA metabolism. The role of muscle as a secretory organ, and effects on the skeletal muscle secretome are also covered, including the increase in secretion of toxic factors or decrease in essential factors that have consequences for neuronal function and survival.
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20
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Kurashige T, Morino H, Murao T, Izumi Y, Sugiura T, Kuraoka K, Kawakami H, Torii T, Maruyama H. TDP-43 Accumulation Within Intramuscular Nerve Bundles of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. JAMA Neurol 2022; 79:693-701. [PMID: 35604654 PMCID: PMC9127711 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Importance Degeneration of neuromuscular junctions and axons is considered an important aspect of the pathomechanism of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, a mechanism including the role of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in axons has not been pathologically clarified. Objective To identify and characterize the histopathology of peripheral axons in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. Design, Setting, and Participants This study comprised 2 parts: a postmortem case-control study and a retrospective population-based cohort study with a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. Patients in the cohort study were enrolled from January 1, 2004, to September 30, 2019. The postmortem study included patients with sporadic ALS (SALS) with TDP-43 pathology and control patients with non-ALS disease. The cohort study enrolled patients without a family history of ALS or other neuromuscular disease and those not diagnosed with a muscle disease at biopsy. Patients were excluded if their clinical records were not screened after biopsy, if they were diagnosed with a muscular disease, and if they were harboring known causative genes of ALS. Data were collected between September 2019 and June 2021 and analyzed in June 2021. Exposures Muscle biopsy or postmortem muscle tissue examination. Main Outcomes and Measures Clinical information and muscle pathological characteristics. Results A total of 10 patients with autopsy-confirmed SALS (mean [SD] age at death, 76.1 [8.5] years; 8 men [80%]) exhibited axonal phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43)-positive accumulations in intramuscular nerve bundles; the 12 control patients without ALS did not. Among the 114 patients in the cohort study (mean [SD] age, 62.3 [16.1] years; 76 men [67%]), 71 patients (62.3%) exhibited intramuscular nerve bundles; 43 (37.7%) did not. Among those who exhibited pTDP-43-positive intramuscular nerve bundles, 33 patients (22 men [66.7%]; mean [SD] age, 65.2 [15.6] years) were later diagnosed with ALS. The other 38 patients (26 men [68.4%]; mean [SD] age, 59.3 [18.0] years) showed no pTDP-43-positive bundles and did not develop ALS. Among those without evident nerve bundles (28 men [65.1%]; mean [SD] age, 61.3 [15.3] years), 3 were later diagnosed with ALS. Among patients with ALS in the biopsy cohort, 9 with pTDP-43-positive bundles showed only lower motor neuron symptoms at biopsy. Conclusions and Relevance Results of this dual case-control and retrospective cohort study suggest that axonal pTDP-43 accumulations may be characteristic for patients with ALS. As such findings precede clinical fulfillment of the Gold Coast criteria, TDP-43 in nerve bundles may be a novel diagnostic biomarker for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kurashige
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Japan
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morino
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomomi Murao
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Japan
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tomohito Sugiura
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kuraoka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Japan
| | - Hideshi Kawakami
- Department of Epidemiology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Torii
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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21
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Yu M, Zhao X, Wu W, Wang Q, Liu J, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Hong D, Wang Z, Deng J. Widespread Mislocalization of FUS Is Associated With Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Skeletal Muscle in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis With FUS Mutations. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2022; 81:172-181. [PMID: 35139534 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the fused in sarcoma (FUS) gene have been reported to be the most common genetic cause of early-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); cytoplasmic inclusions containing FUS protein are the predominant pathological feature. Recent studies indicated that mutant FUS impaired neuromuscular junctions and induced muscle intrinsic toxicity in cell and animal models. However, the role of FUS in muscle degeneration remains unclear. In this study, we investigated FUS protein distribution in skeletal muscle fibers in ALS-FUS. Our data show that cytoplasmic mislocalized FUS in the unaggregated form represented a remarkable pathological feature in affected muscle fibers in ALS-FUS. Additional studies found that cytoplasmic FUS colocalized with some mitochondria and was associated with mitochondrial swelling and disorganized cristae. RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses indicated downregulation of the key subunits of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes in the affected skeletal muscle in ALS-FUS patients. Further immunoblot analysis showed increased levels of FUS, but decreased levels of Cox I (subunit of complex IV) in ALS-FUS patients compared with age-matched controls. This is the first demonstration of the close association of cytoplasmic mislocalized FUS with mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle, implicating the presence of a cell-autonomous mechanism in muscle degeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xutong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Daojun Hong
- Department of Medical Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
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22
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Versluys L, Ervilha Pereira P, Schuermans N, De Paepe B, De Bleecker JL, Bogaert E, Dermaut B. Expanding the TDP-43 Proteinopathy Pathway From Neurons to Muscle: Physiological and Pathophysiological Functions. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:815765. [PMID: 35185458 PMCID: PMC8851062 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.815765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein 43, mostly referred to as TDP-43 (encoded by the TARDBP gene) is strongly linked to the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). From the identification of TDP-43 positive aggregates in the brains and spinal cords of ALS/FTD patients, to a genetic link between TARBDP mutations and the development of TDP-43 pathology in ALS, there is strong evidence indicating that TDP-43 plays a pivotal role in the process of neuronal degeneration. What this role is, however, remains to be determined with evidence ranging from gain of toxic properties through the formation of cytotoxic aggregates, to an inability to perform its normal functions due to nuclear depletion. To add to an already complex subject, recent studies highlight a role for TDP-43 in muscle physiology and disease. We here review the biophysical, biochemical, cellular and tissue-specific properties of TDP-43 in the context of neurodegeneration and have a look at the nascent stream of evidence that positions TDP-43 in a myogenic context. By integrating the neurogenic and myogenic pathological roles of TDP-43 we provide a more comprehensive and encompassing view of the role and mechanisms associated with TDP-43 across the various cell types of the motor system, all the way from brain to limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Versluys
- Department Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pedro Ervilha Pereira
- Department Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nika Schuermans
- Department Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Boel De Paepe
- Department of Neurology and Neuromuscular Reference Center, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Head and Skin, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan L. De Bleecker
- Department of Neurology and Neuromuscular Reference Center, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Head and Skin, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elke Bogaert
- Department Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Dermaut
- Department Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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23
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Riva N, Gentile F, Cerri F, Gallia F, Podini P, Dina G, Falzone YM, Fazio R, Lunetta C, Calvo A, Logroscino G, Lauria G, Corbo M, Iannaccone S, Chiò A, Lazzerini A, Nobile-Orazio E, Filippi M, Quattrini A. Phosphorylated TDP-43 aggregates in peripheral motor nerves of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2022; 145:276-284. [PMID: 35076694 PMCID: PMC8967102 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) aggregates in the cytoplasm of motor neurons and neuroglia in the brain are one of the pathological hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Although the axons exceed the total volume of motor neuron soma by several orders of magnitude, systematic studies investigating the presence and distribution of pTDP-43 aggregates within motor nerves are still lacking. The aim of this study is to define the TDP-43/pTDP-43 pathology in diagnostic motor nerve biopsies performed on a large cohort of patients presenting with a lower motor neuron syndrome and to assess whether this might be a discriminating tissue biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and non-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases. We retrospectively evaluated 102 lower motor neuron syndrome patients referred to our centre for a diagnostic motor nerve biopsy. Histopathological criteria of motor neuron disease and motor neuropathy were applied by two independent evaluators, who were blind to clinical data. TDP-43 and pTDP-43 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and results compared to final clinical diagnosis. We detected significant differences between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and non-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases in pTDP-43 expression in myelinated fibres: axonal accumulation was detected in 98.2% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis versus 30.4% of non-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis samples (P < 0.0001), while concomitant positive staining in Schwan cell cytoplasm was found in 70.2% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis versus 17.4% of patients who did not have amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (P < 0.001). Importantly, we were also able to detect pTDP-43 aggregates in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases displaying normal features at standard histopathological analysis. Our findings demonstrated that a specific pTDP-43 signature is present in the peripheral nervous system of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and could be exploited as a specific, accessible tissue biomarker. The detection of pTDP-43 aggregates within motor nerves of living patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, occurring before axonal degeneration, suggests that this is an early event that may contribute to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilo Riva
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit and Neurorehabilitation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cerri
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit and Neurorehabilitation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gallia
- Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Milan University, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Podini
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Dina
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Yuri Matteo Falzone
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit and Neurorehabilitation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Fazio
- Neurology Unit and Neurorehabilitation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Calvo
- Rita Levi Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Lauria
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease Center, IRCCS Foundation ‘Carlo Besta’ Neurological Institute, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical and Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, University of Milan, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa Cura Policlinico, 20144, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Iannaccone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- Rita Levi Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Lazzerini
- Hand Surgery Department, IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | - Eduardo Nobile-Orazio
- Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Milan University, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neurology Unit and Neurorehabilitation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
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24
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Verma S, Khurana S, Vats A, Sahu B, Ganguly NK, Chakraborti P, Gourie-Devi M, Taneja V. Neuromuscular Junction Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1502-1527. [PMID: 34997540 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02658-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurological disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons leading to skeletal muscle denervation. Earlier studies have shown that motor neuron degeneration begins in motor cortex and descends to the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in a dying forward fashion. However, accumulating evidences support that ALS is a distal axonopathy where early pathological changes occur at the NMJ, prior to onset of clinical symptoms and propagates towards the motor neuron cell body supporting "dying back" hypothesis. Despite several evidences, series of events triggering NMJ disassembly in ALS are still obscure. Neuromuscular junction is a specialized tripartite chemical synapse which involves a well-coordinated communication among the presynaptic motor neuron, postsynaptic skeletal muscle, and terminal Schwann cells. This review provides comprehensive insight into the role of NMJ in ALS pathogenesis. We have emphasized the molecular alterations in cellular components of NMJ leading to loss of effective neuromuscular transmission in ALS. Further, we provide a preview into research involved in exploring NMJ as potential target for designing effective therapies for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Verma
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, India
| | - Shiffali Khurana
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi, India.,Department of Biomedical Science, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Vats
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bandana Sahu
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Vibha Taneja
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi, India.
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25
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Tsitkanou S, Della Gatta PA, Abbott G, Wallace MA, Lindsay A, Gerlinger-Romero F, Walker AK, Foletta VC, Russell AP. miR-23a suppression accelerates functional decline in the rNLS8 mouse model of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 162:105559. [PMID: 34774794 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction may contribute to the progression and severity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In the present study, we characterized the skeletal muscle pathophysiology in an inducible transgenic mouse model (rNLS8) that develops a TAR-DNA binding protein (TDP-43) proteinopathy and ALS-like neuropathology and disease progression; representative of >90% of all familial and sporadic ALS cases. As we previously observed elevated levels of miR-23a in skeletal muscle of patients with familial and sporadic ALS, we also investigated the effect of miR-23a suppression on skeletal muscle pathophysiology and disease severity in rNLS8 mice. Five weeks after disease onset TDP-43 protein accumulation was observed in tibialis anterior (TA), quadriceps (QUAD) and diaphragm muscle lysates and associated with skeletal muscle atrophy. In the TA muscle TDP-43 was detected in muscle fibres that appeared atrophied and angular in appearance and that also contained β-amyloid aggregates. These fibres were also positive for neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), but not embryonic myosin heavy chain (eMHC), indicating TDP-43/ β-amyloid localization in denervated muscle fibres. There was an upregulation of genes associated with myogenesis and NMJ degeneration and a decrease in the MURF1 atrophy-related protein in skeletal muscle. Suppression of miR-23a impaired rotarod performance and grip strength and accelerated body weight loss during early stages of disease progression. This was associated with increased AchRα mRNA expression and decreased protein levels of PGC-1α. The TDP-43 proteinopathy-induced impairment of whole body and skeletal muscle functional performance is associated with muscle wasting and elevated myogenic and NMJ stress markers. Suppressing miR-23a in the rNLS8 mouse model of ALS contributes to an early acceleration of disease progression as measured by decline in motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Tsitkanou
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Paul A Della Gatta
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Marita A Wallace
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Angus Lindsay
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Frederico Gerlinger-Romero
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adam K Walker
- Neurodegeneration Pathobiology Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Victoria C Foletta
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Aaron P Russell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
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26
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Butti Z, Pan YE, Giacomotto J, Patten SA. Reduced C9orf72 function leads to defective synaptic vesicle release and neuromuscular dysfunction in zebrafish. Commun Biol 2021; 4:792. [PMID: 34172817 PMCID: PMC8233344 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) is a hexanucleotide repeat expansion within the C9orf72 gene. Reduced levels of C9orf72 mRNA and protein have been found in ALS/FTD patients, but the role of this protein in disease pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Here, we report the generation and characterization of a stable C9orf72 loss-of-function (LOF) model in the zebrafish. We show that reduced C9orf72 function leads to motor defects, muscle atrophy, motor neuron loss and mortality in early larval and adult stages. Analysis of the structure and function of the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) of the larvae, reveal a marked reduction in the number of presynaptic and postsynaptic structures and an impaired release of quantal synaptic vesicles at the NMJ. Strikingly, we demonstrate a downregulation of SV2a upon C9orf72-LOF and a reduced rate of synaptic vesicle cycling. Furthermore, we show a reduced number and size of Rab3a-postive synaptic puncta at NMJs. Altogether, these results reveal a key function for C9orf72 in the control of presynaptic vesicle trafficking and release at the zebrafish larval NMJ. Our study demonstrates an important role for C9orf72 in ALS/FTD pathogenesis, where it regulates synaptic vesicle release and neuromuscular functions. Butti et al. generate a C9orf72 loss-of-function model in zebrafish. They find that that C9orf72 is required for presynaptic vesicle trafficking and release at the zebrafish larval neuromuscular junctions. This study provides functional insights into the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and fronto-temporal dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Butti
- INRS- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jean Giacomotto
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shunmoogum A Patten
- INRS- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada. .,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
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27
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Huang Z, Ba Z, Huang N, Li Y, Luo Y. Aberrant TDP-43 phosphorylation: a key wind gap from TDP-43 to TDP-43 proteinopathy. IBRAIN 2021; 7:119-131. [PMID: 37786905 PMCID: PMC10528777 DOI: 10.1002/j.2769-2795.2021.tb00074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
TDP-43 proteinopathy is a kind of neurodegenerative diseases related to the TAR DNA-binding protein of 43-kDa molecular weight (TDP-43). The typical neurodegenerative diseases include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and so on. As the disease process cannot be blocked or slowed down, these patients have poor quality of life and poor prognosis, and bring a huge burden to the family and society. So far, the specific pathogenesis of TDP-43 proteinopathy is not clear, and there is no effective preventive measure and treatment program for this kind of disease. TDP-43 plays an important role in triggering or promoting the occurrence and progression of TDP-43 proteinopathy. The hyperphosphorylation of TDP-43 is undoubtedly an important factor in triggering or promoting the process of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Hyperphosphorylation of TDP-43 can inhibit the degradation of TDP-43, aggravate the aggregation of TDP-43 protein, increase the wrong localization of TDP-43 in cells, and enhance the cytotoxicity of TDP-43. More and more evidences show that the hyperphosphorylation of TDP-43 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Inhibition of TDP-43 hyperphosphorylation may be one of the important strategies for the treatment of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Therefore, this article reviews the role of TDP-43 phosphorylation in TDP-43 proteinopathy and the related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Qi Huang
- Department of NeurologyThird Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Zhi‐Sheng Ba
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Nan‐Qu Huang
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Li
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of NeurologyThird Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
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28
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Ainslie A, Huiting W, Barazzuol L, Bergink S. Genome instability and loss of protein homeostasis: converging paths to neurodegeneration? Open Biol 2021; 11:200296. [PMID: 33878947 PMCID: PMC8059563 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome instability and loss of protein homeostasis are hallmark events of age-related diseases that include neurodegeneration. Several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are characterized by protein aggregation, while an impaired DNA damage response (DDR) as in many genetic DNA repair disorders leads to pronounced neuropathological features. It remains unclear to what degree these cellular events interconnect with each other in the development of neurological diseases. This review highlights how the loss of protein homeostasis and genome instability influence one other. We will discuss studies that illustrate this connection. DNA damage contributes to many neurodegenerative diseases, as shown by an increased level of DNA damage in patients, possibly due to the effects of protein aggregates on chromatin, the sequestration of DNA repair proteins and novel putative DNA repair functions. Conversely, genome stability is also important for protein homeostasis. For example, gene copy number variations and the loss of key DDR components can lead to marked proteotoxic stress. An improved understanding of how protein homeostasis and genome stability are mechanistically connected is needed and promises to lead to the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ainslie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Huiting
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Bergink
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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29
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Huntington's disease: lessons from prion disorders. J Neurol 2021; 268:3493-3504. [PMID: 33625583 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Decades of research on the prion protein and its associated diseases have caused a paradigm shift in our understanding of infectious agents. More recent years have been marked by a surge of studies supporting the application of these findings to a broad array of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Here, we present evidence to suggest that Huntington's disease, a monogenic disorder of the central nervous system, shares features with prion disorders and that, it too, may be governed by similar mechanisms. We further posit that these similarities could suggest that, like other common neurodegenerative disorders, sporadic forms of Huntington's disease may exist.
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30
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Manzano R, Toivonen JM, Moreno-Martínez L, de la Torre M, Moreno-García L, López-Royo T, Molina N, Zaragoza P, Calvo AC, Osta R. What skeletal muscle has to say in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Implications for therapy. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 178:1279-1297. [PMID: 32986860 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult onset disorder characterized by progressive neuromuscular junction (NMJ) dismantling and degeneration of motor neurons leading to atrophy and paralysis of voluntary muscles responsible for motion and breathing. Except for a minority of patients harbouring genetic mutations, the origin of most ALS cases remains elusive. Peripheral tissues, and particularly skeletal muscle, have lately demonstrated an active contribution to disease pathology attracting a growing interest for these tissues as therapeutic targets in ALS. In this sense, molecular mechanisms essential for cell and tissue homeostasis have been shown to be deregulated in the disease. These include muscle metabolism and mitochondrial activity, RNA processing, tissue-resident stem cell function responsible for muscle regeneration, and proteostasis that regulates muscle mass in adulthood. This review aims to compile scientific evidence that demonstrates the role of skeletal muscle in ALS pathology and serves as reference for development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting this tissue to delay disease onset and progression. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Neurochemistry in Japan. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Manzano
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Janne Markus Toivonen
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno-Martínez
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miriam de la Torre
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Leticia Moreno-García
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Tresa López-Royo
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nora Molina
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain.,Geriatrics Service, Hospital Nuestra Señora de Gracia, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Zaragoza
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Cristina Calvo
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosario Osta
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
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31
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Agudelo A, St Amand V, Grissom L, Lafond D, Achilli T, Sahin A, Reenan R, Stilwell G. Age-dependent degeneration of an identified adult leg motor neuron in a Drosophila SOD1 model of ALS. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio049692. [PMID: 32994185 PMCID: PMC7595701 DOI: 10.1242/bio.049692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in humans. ALS is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron loss leading to paralysis and inevitable death in affected individuals. Using a gene replacement strategy to introduce disease mutations into the orthologous Drosophila sod1 (dsod1) gene, here, we characterize changes at the neuromuscular junction using longer-lived dsod1 mutant adults. Homozygous dsod1H71Y/H71Y or dsod1null/null flies display progressive walking defects with paralysis of the third metathoracic leg. In dissected legs, we assessed age-dependent changes in a single identified motor neuron (MN-I2) innervating the tibia levitator muscle. At adult eclosion, MN-I2 of dsod1H71Y/H71Y or sod1null/null flies is patterned similar to wild-type flies indicating no readily apparent developmental defects. Over the course of 10 days post-eclosion, MN-I2 shows an overall reduction in arborization with bouton swelling and loss of the post-synaptic marker discs-large (dlg) in mutant dsod1 adults. In addition, increases in polyubiquitinated proteins correlate with the timing and extent of MN-I2 changes. Because similar phenotypes are observed between flies homozygous for either dsod1H71Y or dsod1null alleles, we conclude these NMJ changes are mainly associated with sod loss-of-function. Together these studies characterize age-related morphological and molecular changes associated with axonal retraction in a Drosophila model of ALS that recapitulate an important aspect of the human disease.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Agudelo
- Department of Biology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mt. Pleasant Ave., Providence, RI, 02908 USA
| | - Victoria St Amand
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912 USA
| | - Lindsey Grissom
- Department of Biology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mt. Pleasant Ave., Providence, RI, 02908 USA
| | - Danielle Lafond
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912 USA
| | - Toni Achilli
- Department of Biology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mt. Pleasant Ave., Providence, RI, 02908 USA
| | - Asli Sahin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912 USA
| | - Robert Reenan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912 USA
| | - Geoff Stilwell
- Department of Biology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mt. Pleasant Ave., Providence, RI, 02908 USA
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32
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Fortier G, Butti Z, Patten SA. Modelling C9orf72-Related Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Zebrafish. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E440. [PMID: 33096681 PMCID: PMC7589578 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A hexanucleotide repeat expansion within the C9orf72 gene is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and its discovery has revolutionized our understanding of this devastating disease. Model systems are a valuable tool for studying ALS pathobiology and potential therapies. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has particularly become a useful model organism to study neurological diseases, including ALS, due to high genetic and physiological homology to mammals, and sensitivity to various genetic and pharmacological manipulations. In this review we summarize the zebrafish models that have been used to study the pathology of C9orf72-related ALS. We discuss their value in providing mechanistic insights and their potential use for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fortier
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé et Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (G.F.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zoé Butti
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé et Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (G.F.); (Z.B.)
| | - Shunmoogum A. Patten
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé et Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (G.F.); (Z.B.)
- Centre d’Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada
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33
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Suk TR, Rousseaux MWC. The role of TDP-43 mislocalization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mol Neurodegener 2020; 15:45. [PMID: 32799899 PMCID: PMC7429473 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-020-00397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery as a primary component in cytoplasmic aggregates in post-mortem tissue of patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), TAR DNA Binding Protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) has remained a central focus to understand the disease. TDP-43 links both familial and sporadic forms of ALS as mutations are causative for disease and cytoplasmic aggregates are a hallmark of nearly all cases, regardless of TDP-43 mutational status. Research has focused on the formation and consequences of cytosolic protein aggregates as drivers of ALS pathology through both gain- and loss-of-function mechanisms. Not only does aggregation sequester the normal function of TDP-43, but these aggregates also actively block normal cellular processes inevitably leading to cellular demise in a short time span. Although there may be some benefit to therapeutically targeting TDP-43 aggregation, this step may be too late in disease development to have substantial therapeutic benefit. However, TDP-43 pathology appears to be tightly linked with its mislocalization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, making it difficult to decouple the consequences of nuclear-to-cytoplasmic mislocalization from protein aggregation. Studies focusing on the effects of TDP-43 mislocalization have demonstrated both gain- and loss-of-function consequences including altered splicing regulation, over responsiveness to cellular stressors, increases in DNA damage, and transcriptome-wide changes. Additionally, mutations in TARDBP confer a baseline increase in cytoplasmic TDP-43 thus suggesting that small changes in the subcellular localization of TDP-43 could in fact drive early pathology. In this review, we bring forth the theme of protein mislocalization as a key mechanism underlying ALS, by highlighting the importance of maintaining subcellular proteostasis along with the gain- and loss-of-functional consequences when TDP-43 localization is dysregulated. Additional research, focusing on early events in TDP-43 pathogenesis (i.e. to the protein mislocalization stage) will provide insight into disease mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and novel biomarkers for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry R. Suk
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Maxime W. C. Rousseaux
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
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34
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Marini C, Cossu V, Bonifacino T, Bauckneht M, Torazza C, Bruno S, Castellani P, Ravera S, Milanese M, Venturi C, Carlone S, Piccioli P, Emionite L, Morbelli S, Orengo AM, Donegani MI, Miceli A, Raffa S, Marra S, Signori A, Cortese K, Grillo F, Fiocca R, Bonanno G, Sambuceti G. Mechanisms underlying the predictive power of high skeletal muscle uptake of FDG in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:76. [PMID: 32638178 PMCID: PMC7340686 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We recently reported that enhanced [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in skeletal muscles predicts disease aggressiveness in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The present experimental study aimed to assess whether this predictive potential reflects the link between FDG uptake and redox stress that has been previously reported in different tissues and disease models. Methods The study included 15 SOD1G93A mice (as experimental ALS model) and 15 wildtype mice (around 120 days old). Mice were submitted to micro-PET imaging. Enzymatic pathways and response to oxidative stress were evaluated in harvested quadriceps and hearts by biochemical, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence analysis. Colocalization between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the fluorescent FDG analog 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) was performed in fresh skeletal muscle sections. Finally, mitochondrial ultrastructure and bioenergetics were evaluated in harvested quadriceps and hearts. Results FDG retention was significantly higher in hindlimb skeletal muscles of symptomatic SOD1G93A mice with respect to control ones. This difference was not explained by any acceleration in glucose degradation through glycolysis or cytosolic pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Similarly, it was independent of inflammatory infiltration. Rather, the high FDG retention in SOD1G93A skeletal muscle was associated with an accelerated generation of reactive oxygen species. This redox stress selectively involved the ER and the local PPP triggered by hexose-6P-dehydrogenase. ER involvement was confirmed by the colocalization of the 2-NBDG with a vital ER tracker. The oxidative damage in transgenic skeletal muscle was associated with a severe impairment in the crosstalk between ER and mitochondria combined with alterations in mitochondrial ultrastructure and fusion/fission balance. The expected respiratory damage was confirmed by a deceleration in ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption rate. These same abnormalities were represented to a markedly lower degree in the myocardium, as a sample of non-voluntary striated muscle. Conclusion Skeletal muscle of SOD1G93A mice reproduces the increased FDG uptake observed in ALS patients. This finding reflects the selective activation of the ER-PPP in response to significant redox stress associated with alterations of mitochondrial ultrastructure, networking, and connection with the ER itself. This scenario is less severe in cardiomyocytes suggesting a relevant role for either communication with synaptic plaque or contraction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Marini
- CNR Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), Milano, Italy. .,Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Vanessa Cossu
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonifacino
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Bauckneht
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Carola Torazza
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Milanese
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Consuelo Venturi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Emionite
- Animal Facility, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Orengo
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Miceli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Raffa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Marra
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessio Signori
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Katia Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, Pathology Unit, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Fiocca
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, Pathology Unit, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Giambattista Bonanno
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.,Pharmacology and Toxicology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Gianmario Sambuceti
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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35
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Pham J, Keon M, Brennan S, Saksena N. Connecting RNA-Modifying Similarities of TDP-43, FUS, and SOD1 with MicroRNA Dysregulation Amidst A Renewed Network Perspective of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Proteinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103464. [PMID: 32422969 PMCID: PMC7278980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond traditional approaches in understanding amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple recent studies in RNA-binding proteins (RBPs)-including transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) and fused in sarcoma (FUS)-have instigated an interest in their function and prion-like properties. Given their prominence as hallmarks of a highly heterogeneous disease, this prompts a re-examination of the specific functional interrelationships between these proteins, especially as pathological SOD1-a non-RBP commonly associated with familial ALS (fALS)-exhibits similar properties to these RBPs including potential RNA-regulatory capabilities. Moreover, the cytoplasmic mislocalization, aggregation, and co-aggregation of TDP-43, FUS, and SOD1 can be identified as proteinopathies akin to other neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), eliciting strong ties to disrupted RNA splicing, transport, and stability. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have also been increasingly implicated in the disease, and are of greater significance as they are the master regulators of RNA metabolism in disease pathology. However, little is known about the role of these proteins and how they are regulated by miRNA, which would provide mechanistic insights into ALS pathogenesis. This review seeks to discuss current developments across TDP-43, FUS, and SOD1 to build a detailed snapshot of the network pathophysiology underlying ALS while aiming to highlight possible novel therapeutic targets to guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Pham
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia;
| | - Matt Keon
- Iggy Get Out, Neurodegenerative Disease Section, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; (M.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Samuel Brennan
- Iggy Get Out, Neurodegenerative Disease Section, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; (M.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Nitin Saksena
- Iggy Get Out, Neurodegenerative Disease Section, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; (M.K.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Gokuladhas S, Schierding W, Cameron-Smith D, Wake M, Scotter EL, O’Sullivan J. Shared Regulatory Pathways Reveal Novel Genetic Correlations Between Grip Strength and Neuromuscular Disorders. Front Genet 2020; 11:393. [PMID: 32391060 PMCID: PMC7194178 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle weakness is a common consequence of both aging (sarcopenia) and neuromuscular disorders (NMD). Whilst genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified genetic variants associated with grip strength (GS; measure of muscle strength/weakness) and NMDs, including multiple sclerosis (MS), myasthenia gravis (MG) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), it is not known whether there are common mechanisms between these phenotypes. To examine this, we have integrated GS and NMD associated genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms; SNPs) in a multimorbid analysis that leverages high-throughput chromatin interaction (Hi-C) data and expression quantitative trait loci data to identify target genes (i.e., SNP-mediated gene regulation). Biological pathways enriched by these genes were then identified using next-generation pathway enrichment analysis. Lastly, druggable genes were identified using drug gene interaction (DGI) database. We identified gene regulatory mechanisms associated with GS, MG, MS, and ALS. The SNPs associated with GS regulate a subset of genes that are also regulated by the SNPs of MS, MG, and ALS. Yet, we did not find any genes commonly regulated by all four phenotype associated SNPs. By contrast, we identified significant enrichment in three pathways (mTOR signaling, axon guidance, and alcoholism) that are commonly affected by the gene regulatory mechanisms associated with all four phenotypes. 13% of the genes we identified were known drug targets, and GS shares at least one druggable gene and pathway with each of the NMD phenotypes. We have identified significant biological overlaps between GS and NMD, demonstrating the potential for spatial genetic analysis to identify common mechanisms between potential multimorbid phenotypes. Collectively, our results form the foundation for a shift from a gene to a pathway-based approach to the rationale design of therapeutic interventions and treatments for NMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melissa Wake
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma L. Scotter
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin O’Sullivan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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