1
|
Marquez B, Lebensohn-Chialvo F, Al-Rousan T. Understanding family functioning in mothers and daughters with obesity. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2348894. [PMID: 38733143 PMCID: PMC11089922 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2348894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to understand family functioning surrounding weight in Mexican American women with obesity. METHODS Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with mothers and adult daughters (N = 116). RESULTS Thematic analysis identified five themes. 1) The communication process drives perception of supportive messages. Messages perceived as non-supportive consist of directives as interventions, confirmation of faults, and critical compliments whereas supportive consist of compliments, encouragement, empathetic listening, and disclosure. 2) Acculturation differences interfere with intergenerational alliance. Differences involve dissonance in communication, behavioural expectations, and weight-related practices. 3) Maladaptive conflict responses contribute to relational strain. These responses include avoidance, withdrawal, and defensiveness. 4) Role transformations alter the generational hierarchical relationship. Daughters serve as role models, caregivers, or collaborators. 5) Low communal coping heightens psychological distress. It does so by challenging family roles, increasing social isolation, and compromising social support. CONCLUSION Obesity interventions for Mexican American women may benefit from targeting relational skills to improve family functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Becky Marquez
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Tala Al-Rousan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tolonen I, Saarinen A, Sebert S, Hintsanen M. Do compassion and self-compassion moderate the relationship between childhood socioeconomic position and adulthood body composition? Psychol Health 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38270065 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2305133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the associations of compassion and self-compassion with body composition, and whether adulthood compassion and self-compassion moderate the relationship between childhood SEP and adulthood body composition. The participants came from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 Study (n = 789, 52.1% women), with a mean age of 34.0 years. Compassion and self-compassion were measured with the Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale and Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, respectively. Body composition was assessed using anthropometric and body fat measurements at a clinic. Childhood SEP included parental occupation, education, and employment. The results showed that high compassion was associated with three out of the five body composition measurements, namely lower waist circumference (B = -0.960, p = 0.039, 95% CI: -1.870; -0.498), body fat percentage (B = -0.693, p = 0.030, 95% CI: -1.317; -0.069), and fat mass index (B = -0.325, p = 0.023, 95% CI: -0.605; -0.044) (adjusted for sex, and childhood and adulthood SEP) but not with body mass index or waist-to-hip ratio. Self-compassion was not associated with body composition. Neither compassion nor self-compassion moderated the association between childhood SEP and adulthood body composition, as the interaction effects were not significant. Therefore, the dispositions did not protect against the negative effects of childhood SEP on adulthood body composition. High other-directed compassion may be, however, associated with healthier body composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iina Tolonen
- Division of Psychology, VISE, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aino Saarinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mirka Hintsanen
- Division of Psychology, VISE, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lichtwald A, Weiss C, Lange A, Ittermann T, Allenberg H, Grabe HJ, Heckmann M. Association between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and offspring's outcomes at 9 to 15 years of age. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:105-118. [PMID: 37689592 PMCID: PMC10770235 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal pre-pregnancy underweight, overweight and obesity might increase the risk for worse short- and long-term outcome in the offspring. There is a need for further study into the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the combined outcome of physical development, state of health and social behavior in children. QUESTION Is maternal pre-pregnancy BMI associated with the child outcome in terms of physical development, state of health and social behavior (school and leisure time behavior) at the age of 9 to 15 years? METHODS In the population-based birth cohort study Survey of Neonates in Pomerania (SNIP) children at the age 9-15 years and their families were re-examined by questionnaire-based follow-up. 5725 mother-child pairs were invited to SNiP-follow-up. This analysis is based on the recall fraction of 24.1% (n = 1379). Based on the maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (ppBMI), 4 groups were formed: underweight (ppBMI < 19 kg/m2, n = 117), normal weight (ppBMI 19-24.99 kg/m2, n = 913, reference), overweight (ppBMI 25-30 kg). /m2, n = 237) and obesity (ppBMI > 30 kg/m2, n = 109). RESULTS In the multiple regression model, the BMI-z-score for children of mothers in the underweight group was -0.50 lower, and 0.50/1.07 higher in the overweight/obese group (p < 0.001) compared to reference at median age of 12 years. No differences were found in children of underweight mothers with regard to social behavior (interaction with friends and family), school and sports performance (coded from "very good" to "poor"), other leisure activities (watching television, using mobile phones, gaming), and health (occurrence of illnesses) compared to children of normal weight mothers. In contrast, maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity were associated with lower school and sports performance, and higher screen time (smart phone, gaming, television) compared to children of normal weight mothers. CONCLUSION Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity but not underweight was negatively associated with school performance and leisure time behavior in the offspring at 9-15 years of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lichtwald
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Cathérine Weiss
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Anja Lange
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute of Community Medicine, Division of Health Care Epidemiology and Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Heike Allenberg
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Heckmann
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beauquesne A, Roué A, Loisel A, Hassler C, Moro MR, Lachal J, Lefèvre H. Mental health in adolescents with obesity: conflicting views among physicians, a qualitative study. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:483-491. [PMID: 37932489 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Mental health issues in adolescents with obesity are multifold, with no explicit screening recommendations. The aim of this research is to explore how this screening is performed by physicians and, thus, how it impacts adolescents' care pathways, offering insights into how to improve it through a qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Twenty physicians (non-psychiatrist physicians and child and adolescent psychiatrists) involved at various stages in the care pathway were interviewed with semi-structured questionnaires. The findings connect 2 meta-themes. Non-psychiatrist physicians perceive widespread but ill-defined suffering in adolescents with obesity. Non-psychiatrist physicians see screening for mental conditions as mandatory. Unlike child and adolescent psychiatrists, they are not experts in distinguishing psychosocial suffering from psychiatric disorders. Screening is clinical. Adolescents' demand to lose weight in a context of shaming and alexithymia limits their access to psychiatric care. Child and adolescent psychiatrists then redefine the medical response to polymorphous symptoms. Psychiatric diagnoses mainly involve anxiety and depression symptoms, seldom eating disorders. Conclusion: Physicians have overtly conflicting perspectives over the intensity of mental conditions. Non-psychiatrists, sensitive to perceived distress, seek to have it quickly appraised if they detect a significant suffering. Child and adolescent psychiatrists find appraisal complex to perform in the absence of means, interest, and/or experience. Improving screening requires training health professionals and using multidisciplinary assessment means. What is Known: • Mental health and eating disorders are contributing factors of obesity but their relationship remains complex between cause and consequence. • Mental health conditions and psychosocial suffering are the main complications among adolescents suffering from obesity with guilt, sadness, or stigma. What is New: • Non-psychiatric physicians express their need of a specialized diagnosis to define this suffering, but the lack of availability of psychiatrists and the necessity of time and of a multidisciplinary team lead to a delayed assessment. • For psychiatrists, this suffering is often not a psychiatric condition. Though requiring attention, this can lead to a misunderstanding between professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Beauquesne
- AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, 97 Boulevard de Port-Royal, Maison de Solenn, 75014, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - A Roué
- AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, 97 Boulevard de Port-Royal, Maison de Solenn, 75014, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - A Loisel
- AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, 97 Boulevard de Port-Royal, Maison de Solenn, 75014, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, 94800, Villejuif, France
- French Clinical Research Group in Adolescent Medicine and Health, Paris, France
| | - C Hassler
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, 94800, Villejuif, France
| | - M R Moro
- AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, 97 Boulevard de Port-Royal, Maison de Solenn, 75014, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, 94800, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Cité, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - J Lachal
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, 94800, Villejuif, France
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - H Lefèvre
- AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, 97 Boulevard de Port-Royal, Maison de Solenn, 75014, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, 94800, Villejuif, France
- French Clinical Research Group in Adolescent Medicine and Health, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mäki P, Levälahti E, Lehtinen-Jacks S, Laatikainen T. Overweight and Obesity in Finnish Children by Parents' Socioeconomic Position-A Registry-Based Study. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1605901. [PMID: 37719660 PMCID: PMC10502218 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To examine associations between parents' socioeconomic position (SEP) and child overweight and obesity, using registry data. Methods: Data (final n = 194,423) on children's height, weight and parents' SEP were drawn from the national Register of Primary Health Care Visits (Avohilmo) and Statistics Finland. Risk ratios for bernoulli-distributed overweight (RROW) and obesity (RROB) according to SEP were estimated using generalized linear models and using a log -link. Results: The risk for obesity was lower in boys from high-income families (RROB 0.76), for overweight and obesity was lower in boys (RROW 0.72, RROB 0.58) and girls (RROW 0.72, RROB 0.54) with highly educated fathers, in boys (RROW 0.79, RROB 0.58) and girls (RROW 0.78, RROB 0.56) with high-educated mothers and in boys (RROW 0.85, RROB 0.77) and girls (RROW 0.80, RROB 0.69) living in urban areas, as compared to low-income families, low-educated parents, and rural residence, respectively. Conclusion: The risk of overweight and obesity was increased in children with low SEP or rural residence. Administrative registers are a valid approach to monitor childhood obesity by parents' SEP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Päivi Mäki
- Health and Well-Being Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Levälahti
- Health and Well-Being Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Lehtinen-Jacks
- The Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Division of Public Health Sciences, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Health and Well-Being Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bašković M, Vucković L, Borić Krakar M, Rešić A, Benco Kordić N, Kljenak A. Influence of Obesity in Children with Supracondylar Humeral Fractures Requiring Surgical Treatment at a Tertiary Pediatric Trauma Center. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1783. [PMID: 37372901 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Almost everywhere in the world, childhood obesity is becoming a serious public health problem with negative effects on both children's health and society as a whole. The main objective of this study was to determine whether obesity has an effect on the severity of supracondylar humerus fracture in children, regardless of whether it is a low- or high-energy trauma. METHODS The electronic records of patients treated for the supracondylar fracture of the humerus in the ten-year period from 1 January 2013 to 1 January 2023 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS In the observed period, 618 children, including 365 (59.06%) boys and 253 (40.94%) girls, were hospitalized and treated surgically with the diagnosis of supracondylar fracture. The distributions according to the observed parameters were as follows: age (months) = 88.18 ± 32.64; height (cm) = 123.42 ± 16.83; weight (kg) = 27.18 ± 11.32; body mass index = 17.18 ± 3.06; body mass index-for-age percentile = 57.34 ± 32.11. Overall, 141 (22.82%) fractures were classified as Gartland II, while 477 (77.18%) were classified as Gartland III. A total of 66 (10.68%) fractures were flexion type, while 552 (89.32%) were extension type. The left elbow was affected in 401 (64.89%) children, while the right was affected in 217 (35.11%) children. The main mechanism of injury was a fall at ground level (33.33%). In relation to gender, a statistically significant difference was recorded in body mass index and percentile (p < 0.05). According to Gartland, the proportion of children below and above the 85th percentile in relation to the type of injury was statistically significant (p < 0.05). It was determined that the energy level does not significantly influence the injury's severity: p(GII) = 0.225; p(GIII) = 0.180. CONCLUSIONS In our study, we found that the proportion of overweight and obese children requiring surgical treatment was higher in Gartland type III injury, so there is no doubt that as a society we must prevent further increases in the prevalence of childhood obesity for this reason as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Bašković
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Ulica Vjekoslava Klaića 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Vucković
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Ulica Vjekoslava Klaića 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Applied Health Sciences, Mlinarska Cesta 38, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marta Borić Krakar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Ulica Vjekoslava Klaića 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Arnes Rešić
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Ulica Vjekoslava Klaića 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21 000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Benco Kordić
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Ulica Vjekoslava Klaića 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antun Kljenak
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Ulica Vjekoslava Klaića 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kempel MK, Winding TN, Böttcher M, Hansen SN, Andersen JH. Childhood socioeconomic position and cardiometabolic risk in young adulthood- the impact of mental health. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1136. [PMID: 37312084 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low socioeconomic position in childhood is associated with greater cardiometabolic disease risk later in life. The aim of the current study is to examine the mediating impact of mental health on the association between childhood socioeconomic position and cardiometabolic disease risk in young adulthood. METHODS We used a combination of national registers, longitudinal questionnaire-data and clinical measurements from a sub-sample (N = 259) of a Danish youth cohort. Childhood socioeconomic position was indicated by the educational level of the mother and the father at age 14. Mental health was measured by four different symptom scales at four age-points (age 15, 18, 21 and 28), and combined into one global score. Cardiometabolic disease risk was measured by nine biomarkers at age 28-30 and combined into one global score by sample-specific z-scores. We conducted analyses within the causal inference framework and evaluated the associations using nested counterfactuals. RESULTS We found an inverse association between childhood socioeconomic position and cardiometabolic disease risk in young adulthood. The proportion of the association which was mediated by mental health was 10 (95% CI: -4; 24) % and 12 (95% CI: -4; 28) % using educational level of the mother and the father as indicator, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Accumulated poorer mental health in childhood, youth and early adulthood partially explained the association between low childhood socioeconomic position and increased cardiometabolic disease risk in young adulthood. The results of the causal inference analyses rely on the underlying assumptions and correct depiction of the DAG. Since these are not all testable, we cannot exclude violations that potentially could bias the estimates. If the findings can be replicated, this would support a causal relationship and direct potentials for intervention. However, the findings point to a potential for intervention in young age in order to impede the translation of childhood social stratification into later cardiometabolic disease risk disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Klinkvort Kempel
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, University Research Clinic, Goedstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- , Gl. Landevej 61, Herning, 7400, Denmark.
| | - Trine Nøhr Winding
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, University Research Clinic, Goedstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Böttcher
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, University Research Clinic, Goedstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Johan Hviid Andersen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, University Research Clinic, Goedstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Do family characteristics contribute to a socioeconomic gradient in overweight in early childhood? - Single mediation analyses of data on preschool children of Germany. Prev Med Rep 2023; 33:102178. [PMID: 37008454 PMCID: PMC10060745 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Children's overweight is strongly associated with family socioeconomic position (SEP) and family characteristics (FC). There is limited research on the extent to which FC account for a socioeconomic gradient in childhood overweight. This study examined whether FC explain SEP differences in the prevalence of overweight. The study used baseline data of preschool-aged children from the German 'PReschool INtervention Study'. The sample (n = 872, 48% girls) was recruited at kindergartens in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Data included children's measured weight status and parents' reports on socioeconomic indicators (e.g., school education, vocational education, income) and FC. Variables represent main determinants of overweight (nutrition: sweets consumption in front of TV, soft drink consumption, regular breakfast, child sets table; physical activity: outdoor sports; parental role model). In single mediation analyses indirect effects of SEP on overweight were analysed (OR[95%CI]). Preschool girls and boys with low parental education had higher odds for overweight than children with high parental education. Among boys, low levels of parental education contributed to the odds of overweight via indirect effects by both factors 'sweets consumption in front of TV' (OR = 1.31[1.05-1.59]) and 'no sports' (OR = 1.14[1.01-1.38]). Among girls, FC measured did not explain SEP differences in overweight. Family nutrition and parental/family physical activity contribute to inequalities in overweight among preschool boys, but not girls. Research is needed to identify FC that explain inequalities in overweight for both.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zozaya N, Oliva-Moreno J, Vallejo-Torres L. Association between maternal and paternal employment and their children's weight status and unhealthy behaviours: does it matter who the working parent is? BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1331. [PMID: 35821024 PMCID: PMC9277834 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The growing number of employed women has been associated with an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children. We sought to determine whether childhood overweight/obesity in Spain is associated with labour participation of mothers and fathers, and whether the identity of the main caregiver has an influence on child’s weight and unhealthy behaviour. Methods We used microdata from the 2010 and 2014 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children surveys performed in Spain (n = 32,694). Logistic and linear multi-level regression models were applied to assess the association between parental employment and children’s self-reported weight status, accounting for school effects and controlling for socioeconomic factors. Separated binary models were also fitted for consumption of fruit, sweets, screen viewing and sedentarism. Results In most cases, the significant associations between children’s weight and their parents’ work status disappeared once the models were adjusted for family wealth and education. However, we found persistent associations for some groups. Girls under 13 years-old living in households where the mother was the only employed parent were more likely to be affected by obesity and to report a higher body mass index value. Children in this type of household were more likely to show unhealthy lifestyles related to diet and leisure time activities. Conclusions Parents’ socioeconomic characteristics had a protective effect on their children’s risk of obesity. Unhealthy behaviours were observed in households with a non-working father and a working mother, although the link with obesity was limited to girls. Our results suggest the need for a more equally shared burden of caregiving. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13735-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Néboa Zozaya
- Department of Quantitative Methods in Economics and Management, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Calle Saulo Torón, 4 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Las Palmas, Spain. .,Weber Economía Y Salud, Calle Moreto 17, 28014, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Oliva-Moreno
- Department of Economic Analysis and Finance, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Cobertizo de San Pedro Mártir, s/n, 45002, Toledo, Spain
| | - Laura Vallejo-Torres
- Department of Quantitative Methods in Economics and Management, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Calle Saulo Torón, 4 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Las Palmas, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Associations between family functioning during early to mid-childhood and weight status in childhood and adolescence: findings from a Quebec birth cohort. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:986-991. [PMID: 35075257 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-01041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired family functioning has been associated with obesity in children and adolescents, but few longitudinal studies exist. We examined whether family functioning from early to mid-childhood is associated with overweight and obesity in later childhood and adolescence. METHODS We examined data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD), a birth cohort (N = 2120), collected between 1998 and 2011. Parent-reported family functioning was assessed at 4 time points between ages 0.5 and 8 years using the McMaster Family Assessment Device with established cut-offs for impaired family functioning. Participants were classified as having experienced: 1) early-childhood impaired functioning, 2) mid-childhood impaired functioning, 3) both early and mid-childhood impaired functioning, or 4) always healthy family functioning. Overweight and obesity were determined at 10- and 13-years using WHO criteria. Covariate adjusted multinomial logistic regressions were fitted to the data to examine associations between longitudinal family functioning groups (using the always healthy functioning as reference category) and the likelihood of having overweight and obesity (vs normal weight) at ages 10 (n = 1251) and 13 years (n = 1226). RESULTS In the 10- and 13-year sub-samples, respectively 10.2% and 12.5% of participants had experienced both early and mid-childhood impaired family functioning. Participants in this group had an increased likelihood of having obesity (vs normal weight) at age 10 years [OR = 2.63 (95% CI: 1.36; 5.08)] and at age 13 years [OR = 1.94 (95% CI: 0.99; 3.80] compared to those in the always healthy functioning group. No associations were found for other family functioning categories or for overweight status. CONCLUSION Approximately one in ten children experienced impaired family functioning throughout early and mid-childhood. Findings suggest a link between impaired functioning across childhood and the development of obesity at 10 years of age and possibly at 13 years of age.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kempel MK, Winding TN, Böttcher M, Andersen JH. Subjective social status and cardiometabolic risk markers in young adults. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 137:105666. [PMID: 35038663 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low subjective social status (SSS), the perceived status in the social hierarchy, is associated with cardiometabolic risk in middle-aged and older adults. However, most studies are cross-sectional and very little is known about the association in adolescence and young adulthood. The aims of this study were; a) to prospectively investigate the association between SSS at ages 15 and 28 and cardiometabolic risk at age 28-30 and b) to examine if such an association was independent of smoking, physical activity and objective measures of social position. METHODS The study used questionnaire information at ages 15 and 28 from the West Jutland Cohort Study (N = 3681), health measurements from a sub-sample of the cohort (N = 264, age 28-30, 50% women) and information from population-based national registers. The independent variable was a measure of SSS evaluated by a 10-rung ladder scale and dichotomized at the 25th percentile of data from the cohort study population. The outcome measure was a composite score of cardiometabolic risk including measures of lipids, inflammation, blood pressure and glucose-metabolism. Co-variates included smoking, physical activity, childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position. Sex-stratified linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between SSS and cardiometabolic risk. RESULTS In both sexes, low SSS at age 28, but not at age 15, was significantly associated with increased cardiometabolic risk at age 28-30. Neither smoking, physical activity, childhood or adulthood objective socioeconomic position fully explained the associations. CONCLUSION In young adulthood, SSS was inversely related to cardiometabolic risk after accounting for smoking, physical activity and objective measures of socioeconomic position. These findings suggest that SSS could play a role in the social disparities in cardiometabolic risk in addition to traditional measures of socioeconomic position.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Klinkvort Kempel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Occupational Medicine - University Research Clinic, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Goedstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark.
| | - Trine Nøhr Winding
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Occupational Medicine - University Research Clinic, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Goedstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
| | - Morten Böttcher
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Cardiovascular Research Unit - University Research Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Goedstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
| | - Johan Hviid Andersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Occupational Medicine - University Research Clinic, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Goedstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Al-Hatimy F, Farooq A, Al Abiad M, Yerramsetti S, Al-Nesf MA, Manickam C, Al-Thani MH, Al-Khater AH, Samsam W, Mohamed-Ali V, Al-Maadheed M. A Retrospective Study of Non-Communicable Diseases amongst Blue-Collar Migrant Workers in Qatar. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042266. [PMID: 35206454 PMCID: PMC8872334 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: South Asian workers have a greater predisposition to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that is exacerbated by migration and length of residence in host countries. Aims: To examine the association between length of residence in Qatar with diagnosis of NCDs in male blue-collar workers. Methods: A retrospective investigation of the electronic health records (EHRs) of 119,581 clinical visits by 58,342 patients was conducted. Data included age, nationality and confirmed ICD-10 diagnosis. Based on duration of residence, the population was divided into groups: ≤6 months, 6–12 months, 1–≤2 years, 2–≤5 years, 5–≤6 years, >6 years. It was assumed that the group that had been resident in Qatar for ≤6 months represented diseases that had been acquired in their countries of origin. Results: South Asian (90%) patients presented with NCDs at a younger (mean ± SD age of 34.8 ± 9.0 years) age. Diabetes and hypertension were higher in those who had just arrived (<6 months’ group), compared to the other durations of residence groups. Conversely, acute respiratory infections, as well as dermatitis and eczema, all increased, perhaps a consequence of shared living/working facilities. Only patients with diabetes and hypertension visited the clinic multiple times, and the cost of medication for these NCDs was affordable, relative to earnings. Discussion/Conclusions: Blue-collar workers were predominantly South Asian, from lower socioeconomic classes, with early onset chronic NCDs. Notably, residence in Qatar gave them better access to affordable, significantly subsidized healthcare, leading to effective management of these chronic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Al-Hatimy
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City Road, Doha P. O. Box 27775, Qatar; (F.A.-H.); (A.F.); (C.M.); (W.S.); (V.M.-A.)
- Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Road, London NW3 2PF, UK;
| | - Abdulaziz Farooq
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City Road, Doha P. O. Box 27775, Qatar; (F.A.-H.); (A.F.); (C.M.); (W.S.); (V.M.-A.)
- Aspetar, Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Doha P. O. Box 29222, Qatar
| | - Mohamad Al Abiad
- Qatar Red Crescent Society, Doha P. O. Box 5449, Qatar; (M.A.A.); (S.Y.); (A.-H.A.-K.)
| | - Shilpi Yerramsetti
- Qatar Red Crescent Society, Doha P. O. Box 5449, Qatar; (M.A.A.); (S.Y.); (A.-H.A.-K.)
| | - Maryam Ali Al-Nesf
- Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Road, London NW3 2PF, UK;
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P. O. Box 3050, Qatar
| | - Chidambaram Manickam
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City Road, Doha P. O. Box 27775, Qatar; (F.A.-H.); (A.F.); (C.M.); (W.S.); (V.M.-A.)
| | | | - Al-Hareth Al-Khater
- Qatar Red Crescent Society, Doha P. O. Box 5449, Qatar; (M.A.A.); (S.Y.); (A.-H.A.-K.)
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P. O. Box 3050, Qatar
| | - Waseem Samsam
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City Road, Doha P. O. Box 27775, Qatar; (F.A.-H.); (A.F.); (C.M.); (W.S.); (V.M.-A.)
| | - Vidya Mohamed-Ali
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City Road, Doha P. O. Box 27775, Qatar; (F.A.-H.); (A.F.); (C.M.); (W.S.); (V.M.-A.)
- Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Road, London NW3 2PF, UK;
| | - Mohammed Al-Maadheed
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City Road, Doha P. O. Box 27775, Qatar; (F.A.-H.); (A.F.); (C.M.); (W.S.); (V.M.-A.)
- Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Road, London NW3 2PF, UK;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kempel MK, Winding TN, Lynggaard V, Brantlov S, Andersen JH, Böttcher M. Traditional and novel cardiometabolic risk markers across strata of body mass index in young adults. Obes Sci Pract 2021; 7:727-737. [PMID: 34877012 PMCID: PMC8633932 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic risk increases with increasing body mass index (BMI). The exact mechanism is poorly understood, and traditional risk assessment of young adults with obesity has shown to be ineffective. Greater knowledge about potential new effective biomarkers and the use of advanced cardiac imaging for risk assessment in young adults is, therefore, necessary. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore traditional and novel cardiometabolic risk markers across strata of BMI in young adults. METHODS Participants (N = 264, 50% women, age 28-30 years) were invited from an ongoing cohort study, based on BMI and sex. BMI-strata were: BMI <25, 25-30, >30 kg/m2, representing normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obesity (OB). Participants underwent cardiac computed tomography to detect coronary artery calcification, measures of body composition, blood pressure measurements, and a comprehensive panel of circulating cardiometabolic risk markers. RESULTS No significant coronary artery calcifications were detected in this study. Minor differences in median levels of traditional risk markers were detected across BMI-strata, for example, total cholesterol (men- NW: 4.7 (4.3-5.1) and OB: 4.8 (4.2-5.6) mmol/L, p = 0.58; women- NW: 4.3 (3.9-4.8) and OB: 4.7 (4.2-5.3) mmol/L, p = 0.016), whereas substantial differences were seen in markers of inflammation and glucose metabolism, for example, high sensitive CRP (men- NW: 0.6 (0.3-1.1) and OB: 2.8 (1.5-4.0) mg/L, p < 0.001; women- NW: 0.7 (0.3-1.7) and OB: 4.0 (2.2-7.8) mg/L, p < 0.001) and insulin (men- NW: 47.0 (35.0-59.0) and OB: 113.5 (72.0-151.0) pmol/L, p < 0.001; women- NW: 44.0 (35.0-60.0) and OB: 84.5 (60.0-126.0) pmol/L, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In young adults, obesity is associated with an early onset insulin resistance and inflammatory response prior to development of coronary artery calcification and deterioration of lipid profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Klinkvort Kempel
- Department of Occupational Medicine – University Research ClinicDanish Ramazzini CentreRegional Hospital West JutlandHerningDenmark
| | - Trine Nøhr Winding
- Department of Occupational Medicine – University Research ClinicDanish Ramazzini CentreRegional Hospital West JutlandHerningDenmark
| | - Vibeke Lynggaard
- Cardiovascular Research UnitDepartment of CardiologyGødstrup HospitalHerningDenmark
| | - Steven Brantlov
- Department of Procurement and Clinical EngineeringCentral Denmark RegionAarhusDenmark
| | - Johan Hviid Andersen
- Department of Occupational Medicine – University Research ClinicDanish Ramazzini CentreRegional Hospital West JutlandHerningDenmark
| | - Morten Böttcher
- Cardiovascular Research UnitDepartment of CardiologyGødstrup HospitalHerningDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Winding TN, Skouenborg LA, Mortensen VL, Andersen JH. Is bullying in adolescence associated with the development of depressive symptoms in adulthood?: A longitudinal cohort study. BMC Psychol 2020; 8:122. [PMID: 33213518 PMCID: PMC7678151 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-00491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Being bullied in adolescence is linked to mental health problems like anxiety, depressive- and somatic symptoms and can have negative consequences on both an individual and a societal level. However, evidence regarding the long-term mental health consequences of bullying in adolescence is limited. The aim of this study was to examine whether being bullied at age 15 or 18 was associated with experiencing depressive symptoms at age 28, and to examine whether being bullied at both ages 15 and 18 increased the risk of experiencing depressive symptoms at age 28. METHODS A prospective cohort study, which applied data from the West Jutland Cohort Study, was conducted. Bullying and depressive symptoms were measured on the basis of self-reported data from surveys in 2004, 2007 and 2017. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. A total of 1790 participants were included in the study, and analyzed by multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS The results showed associations between being bullied at age 15 or 18 and the reporting of depressive symptoms at age 28 when adjusted for potential confounders. An exposure-response relationship was seen in those who were bullied at both ages 15 and 18. This group had the highest risk of developing depressive symptoms at age 28. CONCLUSIONS Being bullied in adolescence was associated with developing depressive symptoms in adulthood and there was an exposure-response relationship between being bullied over time and the later reporting of depressive symptoms. The results highlight the need to provide more detailed information to schools and local communities about the negative consequences of bullying. Such increased awareness may help reduce the risk of young people developing depressive symptoms later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trine Nøhr Winding
- Department of Occupational Medicine-University Research Clinic, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Gl. Landevej 61, 7400, Herning, Denmark.
| | - Lisbeth Astrid Skouenborg
- Department of Occupational Medicine-University Research Clinic, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Gl. Landevej 61, 7400, Herning, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Lie Mortensen
- Department of Occupational Medicine-University Research Clinic, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Gl. Landevej 61, 7400, Herning, Denmark
| | - Johan Hviid Andersen
- Department of Occupational Medicine-University Research Clinic, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Gl. Landevej 61, 7400, Herning, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vinciguerra F, Tumminia A, Roppolo F, Romeo LC, La Spina N, Baratta R, Parrino C, Sciacca L, Vigneri R, Frittitta L. Impact of unhealthy childhood and unfavorable parents' characteristics on adiposity in schoolchildren. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3199. [PMID: 31257680 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is encouraged by low physical activity (PA), time spent using screens (screen time, ST), and by sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (SSBc). It is also influenced by unfavorable parents' characteristics, such as a high body mass index (BMI) and low education level (EL). Our aim was to evaluate the overall and specific influence of these factors on childhood adiposity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Anthropometric parameters including BMI z-score, waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WtHR), and fat mass were measured in a cohort of 1702 schoolchildren (6.0-14.5 years, mean 10.7 ± 1.8) and questionnaires concerning children's PA, ST, and SSBc, and parent's BMI and EL were administered to parents. RESULTS Overweight/obesity prevalence was higher (P < .0001) in males (57%) than in females (43%). Less physically active children (28.9%) had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and higher BMI z-score, WC, WtHR, and fat mass relative to more physically active children (P < .05). PA was negatively associated with the BMI z-score (r = 0.18, P < .0001) and fat mass percentage (r = 0.18, P < .0001). Children with more ST had higher WC and WtHR than non-ST viewers (P < .05) but not BMI. Moreover, SSBc did not influence the anthropometric parameters. At multivariate analysis, male gender, less PA, and parental risk factors (parent's overweight/obesity and low/medium EL) were independently associated with overweight and obesity among childhood with a progressively increasing odds ratio (1.65, 1.40, and 1.80, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Male gender, behavioral risk factors (particularly low PA), and parent's characteristics are important correlates of obesity in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Vinciguerra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Tumminia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Roppolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luana Catena Romeo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nadia La Spina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Parrino
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, I.R.C.C.S, Policlinico San Donato University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Sciacca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Frittitta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao C, Panizza C, Fox K, Boushey CJ, Byker Shanks C, Ahmed S, Chen S, Serrano EL, Zee J, Fialkowski MK, Banna J. Plate Waste in School Lunch: Barriers, Motivators, and Perspectives of SNAP-Eligible Early Adolescents in the US. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 51:967-975. [PMID: 31230949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.05.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine barriers, motivators, and perspectives regarding plate waste reduction of early adolescents. DESIGN Trained interviewers conducted audio-recorded individual interviews with adolescents. SETTING Elementary schools implementing the National School Lunch Program in Hawai'i, Montana, and Virginia. PARTICIPANTS Early adolescents (n = 47, aged 9-13 years) from families receiving or eligible to receive Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits were recruited to participate. PHENOMENON OF INTEREST Factors influencing plate waste among adolescents and potential plate waste reduction strategies. ANALYSIS Coders analyzed content and thematic data to identify code categories and themes. RESULTS Main barriers to reducing school lunch plate waste were unsupportive school policy, undesirable food quality, satiation, and social influences. Key motivators to reducing school lunch plate waste were supportive school policy, including allowing students to share food with peers and save food to eat later; and social influences. Participants found it acceptable to throw away disliked food and unacceptable to throw away wanted food; they perceived that their peers did not care whether food was thrown away; and they thought their parents disliked wasting food. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Results suggest that several factors might allow for minimization of school lunch plate waste in the National School Lunch Program, including improvements in food quality, food policy, and social influences. Under these important themes, strategies to employ may include improving food preparation and taste, allocating more time for students to finish lunch, allowing students to self-select food lunch items, and permitting them to share and save their leftover food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhao
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Chloe Panizza
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Kira Fox
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | | | - Carmen Byker Shanks
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT
| | - Selena Ahmed
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT
| | - Susan Chen
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Elena L Serrano
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Julia Zee
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Marie K Fialkowski
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Jinan Banna
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Salmela J, Mauramo E, Lallukka T, Rahkonen O, Kanerva N. Associations between Childhood Disadvantage and Adult Body Mass Index Trajectories: A Follow-Up Study among Midlife Finnish Municipal Employees. Obes Facts 2019; 12:564-574. [PMID: 31484183 PMCID: PMC6876612 DOI: 10.1159/000502237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood disadvantage is associated with a higher risk of adult obesity, but little is known about its associations with body mass index (BMI) trajectories during adulthood. This study aimed first to identify adulthood BMI trajectories, and second to investigate how childhood disadvantage is associated with trajectory group membership. METHODS Data from the Helsinki Health Study, a longitudinal cohort study of initially 40- to 60-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki in Finland, were used. The baseline survey was conducted in 2000-2002, and similar follow-up surveys in 2007, 2012, and 2017. Based on self-reported BMI, participants' (n =5,266; 83% women) BMI trajectories, including their retrospectively reported BMI at the age of 25 years, were examined. Data on childhood disadvantage, including parental education and 7 types of childhood adversity (their own serious illness; parental divorce, death, mental disorder, or alcohol problems; economic difficulties at home; and peer group bullying) before the age of 16 years, were obtained from the baseline survey. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify BMI trajectories, and multinomial logistic regression to analyze the odds for trajectory group membership for the disadvantage variables. RESULTS Four ascending BMI trajectories in women and men were found: persistent normal weight (trajectory 1; women 35% and men 25%), normal weight to overweight (trajectory 2; women 41% and men 48%), normal weight to class I obesity (trajectory 3; women 19% and men 23%) and overweight to class II obesity (trajectory 4; women 5% and men 4%). Compared to trajectory 1, women with multiple adversities and repetitive peer bullying in childhood had greater odds of belonging to trajectories 3 and 4, whereas men with parental alcohol problems had greater odds of belonging to trajectory 4. For women and men, a low level of parental education was associated with a higher-level BMI trajectory. CONCLUSIONS Low parental education for both genders, multiple adversities and repetitive peer bullying in childhood among women, and parental alcohol problems among men increased the odds of developing obesity during adulthood. Further studies are needed to clarify how gender differences modify the effects of childhood disadvantage on adult BMI trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jatta Salmela
- University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland,
| | - Elina Mauramo
- University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tea Lallukka
- University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ossi Rahkonen
- University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Noora Kanerva
- University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|