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Mbulu CO, Yang L, Wallen GR. Adolescent pregnancy persists in Nigeria: Does household heads' age matter? PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003212. [PMID: 38748678 PMCID: PMC11095715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
About 700,000 pregnant youths die each year in developing countries. To determine whether the persistent adolescent pregnancy in Nigeria between 2013 and 2018 was influenced by proximal factors, particularly household head age, we carried out a cross-sectional study on adolescent girls that participated in the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Age of first birth, residence type, age, and gender of household heads was collected using a 2018 standardized NDHS. Multiple logistic regression was performed to test for associations. We analyzed 8,448 adolescents who had experienced pregnancy during the study period. The results demonstrated that girls with male household heads aged 45 and older have lower odds of adolescent pregnancy (OR = 0.619; 95% CI = 0.447, 0.856; p = 0.004 compared to those with female household heads in the same age group. Girls with male household heads in three younger age groups have higher odds of adolescent pregnancy than those with female household heads in the corresponding age group (15-24: OR = 1.719, 95% CI = 1.042, 2.835, p = 0.034; 25-34: OR = 4.790, 95% CI = 1.986, 11.551, p < 0.001; 35-44: OR = 2.080, 95% CI = 1.302, 3.323, p = 0.002). Girls with household heads aged in the 15-24 and 25-34 groups had higher odds of adolescent pregnancy compared to those with household heads aged 45 and older. Higher odds of adolescent pregnancy in Nigeria were found among girls with household heads aged in the 15-24 and 25-34 groups compared to those with household heads aged 45 and older. Although girls with younger male household heads are at an increased risk nationally, those living in the rural areas with younger household heads are at an even higher risk for adolescent pregnancy. Therefore, levels of socioecological model must be considered in planning for effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Otado Mbulu
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, Bethesda, Maryland, United States America
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, Bethesda, Maryland, United States America
| | - Gwenyth R. Wallen
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, Bethesda, Maryland, United States America
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İşgüder ÇK, Arslan O, Gunkaya OS, Kanat-Pektas M, Tuğ N. Adolescent pregnancies in Turkey: a single center experience. Ann Saudi Med 2024; 44:11-17. [PMID: 38311869 PMCID: PMC10839457 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2024.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent pregnancies are more likely to be complicated with adverse perinatal outcomes. OBJECTIVE Assess the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adolescents who have delivered singleton newborns. DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTINGS A tertiary training and research hospital in Turkey. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a review of adolescents and adults who delivered singleton newborns at a tertiary health center between January 2018 and June 2022. Pregnant adolescents were aged <20 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. SAMPLE SIZE 2233 pregnant women (754 adolescents and 1479 adults). RESULTS Turkish nationality was significantly less prevalent in pregnant adolescents than pregnant adults (P=.001). Oligohydramnios, fetal growth restriction, perineal injury and postpartum intravenous iron treatment were significantly more prevalent in pregnant adolescents than pregnant adults (P<.05 for all). The neonates born to adolescent mothers had significantly lower birth weight and first minute Apgar score than the neonates born to adult mothers (P=.001 for both). Small for gestational age, need for intensive care and death were significantly more prevalent in neonates born to adolescent mothers than those born to adult mothers (P=.001 for all). Compared with pregnant adults, pregnant adolescents had a significantly higher risk of oligohydramnios (P=.001), preterm delivery (P=.024), intravenous iron treatment (P=.001), and small for gestational age (P=.001). CONCLUSION Due to the refugee population received by Turkey, it would be prudent to expect more frequent adolescent pregnancies. Adolescent pregnancies are more likely to be complicated with low birth weight, oligohydramnios, preterm delivery, postpartum iron treatment, lower Apgar scores, need for neonatal intensive care and neonatal death. LIMITATION Retrospective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Kunt İşgüder
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Arslan
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Samet Gunkaya
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Kanat-Pektas
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Ayfon, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Tuğ
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Matasariu DR, Dumitrascu I, Bujor IE, Cristofor AE, Boiculese LV, Mandici CE, Grigore M, Socolov D, Nechifor F, Ursache A. Mirroring Perinatal Outcomes in a Romanian Adolescent Cohort of Pregnant Women from 2015 to 2021. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2186. [PMID: 37443580 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the rates of adolescent pregnancies appear to have dropped according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the decrease in the age of the first menarche and better nutrition seems to contribute to the otherwise high rate of adolescent pregnancy worldwide, despite the efforts of different organizations to improve upon this trend. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study from January 2015 to December 2021 using our hospitals' database. We totaled 2.954 adolescent and 6.802 adult pregnancies. First, we compared younger adolescents' outcomes with those of older adolescents, as well as with adolescents aged between 18 and 19 years old; secondly, we compared adolescent pregnancies with adult ones. We detected higher percentages of cephalo-pelvic disproportion (43.2%), cervical dystocia (20.7%), and twin pregnancy (2.7%) in underage adolescents compared with 32%, 14.1%, and 1% in older underage adolescents, respectively, and 15.3%, 3.1%, and 0.6% in older ones. As teens became older, the likelihood of malpresentations and previous C-sections rose, whereas the likelihood of vaginal lacerations declined. When comparing adolescents with adult women, we found more cases that required episiotomy (48.1% compared with 34.6%), instrumental delivery (2.1% compared with 1%), and cervical laceration (10.7% compared with 8.4%) in the adolescent group, but the rates of malpresentation (11.4% compared with 13.5%), previous C-section (13.9% compared with 17.7%), and placenta and vasa praevia (4.5.6% compared with 14%) were higher in the adult women group. Adolescent pregnancy is prone to being associated with higher risks and complications and continues to represent a challenge for our medical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Roxana Matasariu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Dumitrascu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iuliana Elena Bujor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Elena Cristofor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lucian Vasile Boiculese
- Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Elena Mandici
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihaela Grigore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Demetra Socolov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florin Nechifor
- Department Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi University of Life Sciences (IULS), 700489 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Ursache
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
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Cresswell L, Faltyn M, Lawrence C, Tsai Z, Owais S, Savoy C, Lipman E, Van Lieshout RJ. Cognitive and Mental Health of Young Mothers' Offspring: A Meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2022; 150:189768. [PMID: 36281707 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-057561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The nature and magnitude of the cognitive and mental health risks among the offspring of young mothers is not fully understood. Our objective is to examine the risk of mental disorders in these offspring. METHODS Five databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) were searched from their inceptions until February 2022. Studies were eligible if they assessed offspring of young mothers (<21 years), contained a control group, and assessed any cognitive and/or mental health outcomes. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to generate standardized mean differences (SMDs) in infants (0-3 years), children (4-9), adolescents (10-19), and adults (20+). Methodological bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS 51 outcomes were meta-analyzed. Levels of cognitive and learning problems were higher among the infants (SMD = 0.30 [95% confidence interval 0.0-0.55]) and adolescents (SMD = 0.43 [0.24 to 0.62]) of young mothers. Adolescents had more symptoms of delinquency (SMD = 0.24 [0.12 to 0.36]). As adults, they are more often convicted of violent crimes (SMD = 0.36 [0.22 to 0.50]). Internalizing symptoms were higher in these offspring in childhood (SMD = 0.29 [0.14 to 0.45]) and adulthood (SMD = 0.35 [0.34 to 0.36]). This review uses unadjusted data and is thus unequipped to infer causality. Studies have high attrition and rely heavily on self-report. CONCLUSIONS Young mothers' offspring have more cognitive, externalizing, and internalizing problems across the lifespan than individuals born to mothers ≥21 years of age. They may benefit from early detection and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Cresswell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mateusz Faltyn
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claire Lawrence
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Graduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Calan Savoy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ellen Lipman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan J Van Lieshout
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Eyeberu A, Getachew T, Sertsu A, Sisay M, Baye Y, Debella A, Alemu A. Teenage pregnancy and its predictors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022; 16:47-60. [PMID: 36475034 PMCID: PMC9682880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Although teenage pregnancy has declined in the last decade, it remains a major public health issue in Africa. Maternal mortality is common among teenagers due to their increased risk of obstetric and medical complications. In Africa, there is a lack of robust and comprehensive data on the prevalence and predictors of teenage pregnancy. As a result, this systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to summarize evidence that will assist concerned entities in identifying existing gaps and proposing strategies to reduce teenage pregnancy in Africa. Methods The review is registered by the international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42021275013). This search included all published and unpublished observational studies written in English between August 23, 2016, and August 23, 2021. The articles were searched using databases (PubMed, CINHAL [EBSCO], EMBASE, POPLINE, Google Scholar, DOAJ, Web of Sciences, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS). Data synthesis and statistical analysis were conducted using STATA version 14 software. Forest plots were used to present the pooled prevalence and odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of meta-analysis using the random effect model. Results A total of 43,758 teenagers (aged 13-19) were included in 23 studies. In Africa, the overall pooled prevalence of teenage pregnancy was 30% (95% CI: 17-43). Western Africa had the highest prevalence of teenage pregnancy 33% (95% CI: 10-55). Age (18-19) (OR = 2.99 [95% CI = 1.124-7.927]), wealth index (OR = 1.84 [95% CI = 1.384-2.433]), and marital status (OR = 6.02 [95% CI = 2.348-15.43]) were predictors of teenage pregnancy in Africa. Conclusion In Africa, nearly one-third of teenagers become pregnant. Teenage pregnancy was predicted by age (18-19), wealth index, and marital status. Strengthening interventions aimed at increasing teenagers' economic independence, reducing child marriage, and increasing contraceptive use among married teenagers can help to prevent teenage pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addis Eyeberu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tamirat Getachew
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Sertsu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekonnen Sisay
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Baye
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Adera Debella
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Alemu
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Kakoo Brioso E, Carvalho AI, Caldeira T, Vaz A, Cunha M. Adolescent Pregnancy: A Case-Series Study of 112 Adolescent Mothers and Their Newborns. Cureus 2022; 14:e27987. [PMID: 36134057 PMCID: PMC9481217 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although declining, adolescent pregnancy remains an important health concern and is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. We aimed to characterize adolescent pregnancy in a level II hospital and the observed maternal, fetal, and perinatal complications. Methods We conducted a case-series study of five-years duration with adolescent mothers and their newborns. We collected sociodemographic, obstetric, and neonatal data through chart review and conducted a comparison analysis between newborns who needed hospitalization and those who did not. Results We identified 112 newborns with adolescent mothers. Most pregnancies were unplanned (89.3%) and the start of pregnancy surveillance was late. The most frequent complications were intrauterine growth restriction, oligohydramnios, and threatened preterm labor. Prematurity was found in 9.8% of the newborns and 0.9% had less than 32 weeks at the time of birth. Thirteen newborns (11.6%) needed hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit, with three (23%) needing invasive ventilation. The main diagnoses of admission were prematurity, social risk, low birth weight, feeding difficulties, and newborn respiratory distress syndrome. Hospitalization seemed associated with less frequent breastfeeding. Among the hospitalized newborns, there was a high rate of discharge at the care of a relative or an institution (30.8%). Surprisingly, surveillance during pregnancy did not seem to differ between newborns that needed hospitalization and those that did not. Discussion Adolescent pregnancy is associated with poor surveillance as well as obstetric and neonatal complications. Newborns of adolescent mothers have a high hospitalization rate, but further investigations are needed to fully understand the contributing factors. The creation of multidisciplinary teams is fundamental for reducing complications, and appropriate reproductive health programs should focus on reducing adolescent pregnancy through better access to education and contraception.
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Amoadu M, Hagan D, Ansah EW. Adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancies in Africa: a scoping review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:598. [PMID: 35896998 PMCID: PMC9327294 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04821-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent pregnancy is a public health issue with well-defined causes and health risks with social and economic implications. Aim of this review was to examine adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk factors associated with adolescent pregnancy in Africa. METHOD PubMed Central, Science Direct and JSTOR were the main databases for the literature review. Other online sources and experts were consulted for relevant studies. In all, 11,574 records were identified and 122 were considered as full-text studies for evaluation after thorough screening and removal of duplicates. Finally, 53 studies were included in this review for thematic synthesis. RESULTS The 53 studies sampled 263,580 pregnant women, including 46,202 adolescents (< 20 years) and 217,378 adults (> 20 years). Adolescent pregnancy was associated with higher risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Factors of poor pregnancy outcomes included low socioeconomic and educational status, poor utilization of antenatal care, risky lifestyles such as alcohol consumption, and unattractive health care factors. Maternal health care utilization was identified as an important factor to improve pregnancy outcomes among adolescents in Africa. CONCLUSION To prevent adolescent pregnancy, stakeholders need to help lower socioeconomic inequalities, poor utilization of antenatal care, alcohol consumption, and improve adolescents' health care and their educational status. Issues such as child marriage, abortion, poor health care infrastructure and non-adolescent friendly health facilities need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Amoadu
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - Doris Hagan
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Edward W Ansah
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Brizan JB, Amabebe E. Maternal Obesity as a Risk Factor for Caesarean Delivery in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12060906. [PMID: 35743937 PMCID: PMC9229092 DOI: 10.3390/life12060906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Maternal obesity is associated with several adverse reproductive outcomes. It is a growing public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa, a region with low resources and capacity to care for the large, affected population. Objectives: To assess the evidence of maternal obesity as a risk factor for caesarean delivery in women in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: A systematic review of relevant original articles using PubMed, MEDLINE, and CINAHL was performed. Google Scholar and the reference lists of relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses were also searched for other eligible studies. Observational studies assessing maternal body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 before or during gestation and caesarean delivery as birth outcome were included. Results: All 17 studies were published between 2009 and 2021 and included 227,675 (236−153,102) participants. The prevalence of maternal obesity ranged from 3.9 to 44%. All except two studies (88%) indicated an association of obesity and risk of caesarean delivery in pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Overweight/obese women had up to 4-fold increased risk of caesarean delivery compared to normal weight women. Three studies also reported a direct relationship between morbid obesity and prevalence of caesarean delivery in the sub-region. The risk of caesarean delivery appears to increase with increasing BMI e.g., >5 times in women with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 than in normal weight women. Conclusions: In sub-Saharan Africa, increased BMI in pregnancy is a risk factor for subsequent caesarean delivery. The risk of caesarean delivery appears to increase with increasing BMI. A robust meta-analysis and other patho-mechanistic studies can be conducted to confirm causal association. Culturally appropriate weight management and nutritional interventions should be implemented to reduce the incidence of obesity-induced caesarean delivery in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica B. Brizan
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK;
| | - Emmanuel Amabebe
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2SF, UK
- Correspondence:
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KÜKRER S, PEPEKAL KÜKRER A, ARLIER S, GENÇ S, KARAGÜN Ş. Evaluation of obstetric and neonatal outcomes and cesarean section rates of Syrian and Turkish adolescent pregnant women according to the Robson ten group classification system. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1084388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Our research has two purposes. To begin with, we sought to determine whether there were any differences in maternal and newborn outcomes between Syrian adolescent and adult pregnant women living in Turkey after the Syrian civil war and Turkish adolescent and adult pregnant women. Second, we wanted to examine and compare the rates of cesarean section (CS) and spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) in adolescent and adult pregnant women using the Robson ten group classification system (RTGCS).
Material and Method: Our study investigated data from a retrospective cross-sectional study of 1823 Turkish and Syrian pregnant women who gave birth between September 2020 and August 2021 in a tertiary reference hospital in Turkey's Mediterranean area. Our study enrolled 838 pregnant adolescent girls between the ages of 13 and 19 and 985 pregnant adult women between the ages of 20 and 47.
Results: The probability of adolescent pregnancy is 3.081 times greater among Syrian refugees than among Turkish natives (p
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadık KÜKRER
- University of Health Sciences Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Sefa ARLIER
- University of Health Sciences Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Simten GENÇ
- Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şebnem KARAGÜN
- Mersin University, Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Perinatology, Mersin, Turkey
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Kadhim Jasim S, Al-Momen H, Abdul Razzak Obaid A. Differences in perinatal outcomes in teenage mothers with their first and third pregnancies and predictors of adverse neonatal events: A cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2022; 19:1005-1014. [PMID: 34977458 PMCID: PMC8717083 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i11.9916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Repeated teenage pregnancy is a major burden on the healthcare system worldwide. Objective We aimed to compare teenagers with their first and third pregnancies and to evaluate the likelihood of neonatal complications. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on female teenagers (aged ≤ 19 yr) with singleton pregnancies. The subjects (n = 298) were screened over 12 months. Ninety-six women were excluded, based on the exclusion criteria. The remaining subjects (n = 202) were divided into two groups: teenagers with first pregnancy (n = 96) and teenagers with third pregnancy (n = 47). The subjects were observed throughout pregnancy and delivery. The final sample size of the first and third pregnancy groups was 96 and 47, respectively. Results There was a significant risk of preeclampsia in the first pregnancy group (p = 0.01). Low birth weight, five-min Apgar score < 7, and neonatal intensive care unit admission were the most significant neonatal outcomes in the first pregnancy group. In the third pregnancy group, significant predictors of neonatal complications included very young age in the first pregnancy ( ≤ 15 yr), an inter-pregnancy interval < 2 yr, current anemia, and history of obstetric and/or neonatal complications in previous pregnancies. Conclusion Based on the results, teenagers with their first pregnancy had comparable obstetric outcomes (except for preeclampsia) as teenagers with their third pregnancy, whereas neonatal complications occurred more frequently in the first pregnancy group. Overall, we can predict high-risk neonates in the third pregnancy, based on the abovementioned parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Kadhim Jasim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hayder Al-Momen
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Abdul Razzak Obaid
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Kassa GM, Arowojolu AO, Odukogbe ATA, Yalew AW. Adverse maternal outcomes of adolescent pregnancy in Northwest Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257485. [PMID: 34550977 PMCID: PMC8457495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent pregnancy is considered a major contributor to maternal and child morbidity and mortality, the greatest concern of developing countries and an important public health issue globally. Adolescents are responsible for eleven percent of births worldwide and they face several pregnancy and childbirth related complications. However, in low-income countries like Ethiopia, there are limited researches conducted to investigate outcomes of adolescent pregnancy. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the adverse maternal outcomes of adolescent pregnancy in Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted in 12 health facilities from seven districts in East Gojjam zone, Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 418 adolescents (15-19 years old) and 836 adult women (20-34 years old) who attended randomly selected health facilities in East Gojjam zone were included. Data were collected starting from admission to the maternity ward for labor and delivery, and postnatal depression was measured at six weeks' postpartum period using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used to account for the within subject correlation and assess the effect of different known factors that could influence the outcome of this study. RESULTS A lower percentage of adolescent (58.4%) than adult (71.2%) women had their first antenatal care booking before 16 weeks of gestation. After adjusting for different confounding factors, the adverse outcome that was significantly associated with adolescent pregnancy was postpartum depression (AOR: 2.29; 95% CI, 1.42, 3.7, p-value = 0.001). Assisted vaginal delivery (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI, 0.23, 0.86, p-value 0.016) and cesarean section (AOR: 0.43; 95% CI, 0.19, 0.97, p-value = 0.042) were significantly lower among adolescent women. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent pregnancy is associated with higher odds of postpartum depression, and lower odds to undergo cesarean section and assisted vaginal delivery than adult women. Perinatal care services should be more adolescent-friendly to ensure early diagnosis and treatment of postpartum depression. School and community-based awareness programs regarding use of contraception to prevent unwanted adolescent pregnancy, early antenatal care booking and adverse pregnancy outcomes of adolescent pregnancy and provision of psychosocial support are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Mullu Kassa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences Institutes, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Ayodele O. Arowojolu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Akin Tunde A. Odukogbe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Alemayehu Worku Yalew
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Topic: prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy among sexually active adolescent girls in Niger. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-019-01154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Maina BW, Juma K, Igonya EK, Osindo J, Wao H, Kabiru CW. Effectiveness of school-based interventions in delaying sexual debut among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e044398. [PMID: 34020975 PMCID: PMC8144038 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early sexual debut is associated with poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes across the life course. A majority of interventions aimed at delaying sexual debut among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have been implemented in schools with mixed findings on the effectiveness of such interventions. This systematic review will summarise and synthesise existing evidence on the effectiveness of school-based interventions in delaying sexual debut among adolescents aged 10-19 years. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will conduct a comprehensive database search of peer-reviewed studies published in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, HINARI and EBSCO (PsycINFO, Global Health, CINAHL) and in Cochrane library, National Institute of Health and Turning Research into Practice databases for ongoing studies yet to be published. All studies conducted in SSA between January 2009 and December 2020, regardless of the study design, will be included. Two authors will independently screen all retrieved records and relevant data on sexual debut extracted.Data will be pooled using the random effects model. Dichotomous outcomes will be reported as risk ratios and continuous data as mean difference at 95% CI. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the I² statistic. Findings will be presented in tables and charts, while providing a description of all included studies, themes and concepts drawn from literature. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, presentations at relevant conferences and other convening focusing on adolescent sexual and reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice W Maina
- Population Dynamics and Reproductive Health, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kenneth Juma
- Population Dynamics and Reproductive Health, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Emmy Kageha Igonya
- Population Dynamics and Reproductive Health, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jane Osindo
- Research Capacity Strengthening, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Hesborn Wao
- Research Capacity Strengthening, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Caroline W Kabiru
- Research Capacity Strengthening, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
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Mezmur H, Assefa N, Alemayehu T. An Increased Adverse Fetal Outcome Has Been Observed among Teen Pregnant Women in Rural Eastern Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. Glob Pediatr Health 2021; 8:2333794X21999154. [PMID: 33748345 PMCID: PMC7940719 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x21999154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: According to the World Health Organization, teenage pregnancies are high-risk due to increased risks of fetal and infant morbidity and mortality. This study compares adverse fetal outcomes between teen and adult pregnant women from rural Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among women visiting maternity units from surrounding rural areas. A total of 481 teenagers (13-19 years old) and 481 adults (20-34 years old) women with a singleton pregnancy were included in the study. Two hospitals and 3 health centers were selected in Eastern Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia. Comparative analysis was carried out using the log-binomial regression model to identify factors associated with adverse fetal outcomes in both categories. The results are reported in adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: High proportion of adverse fetal outcome was observed among teenage women than adult (34.9% vs 21%). Statistically significant difference (P < .05) in the proportion of low birth weight (21.1% vs 9.3%), preterm birth (18.7% vs 10.6%), APGAR score at 5th minute (9.3% vs 4%) were found in teenagers compared to adult women. Antenatal care attendance (APR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.86); eclampsia (APR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.26, 3.06); pre-eclampsia (APR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.67); and wealth index (rich) (APR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.94) were significantly associated with adverse fetal outcomes among the teenage women. Whereas intimate partner violence (APR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.26, 3.90); preeclampsia (APR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.61, 5.69); antepartum hemorrhage (APR = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.73, 4.46); and hyperemesis gravderm (APR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.79) were significantly associated with adverse fatal outcomes among the adult women. Conclusion: teenage pregnancy is associated with a high rate of adverse fetal outcomes. Early identification and treatment of problems during antenatal follow-up should be the mainstay to avert the massive adverse fetal effects.
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Ahinkorah BO, Hagan JE, Seidu AA, Hormenu T, Otoo JE, Budu E, Schack T. Linking Female Adolescents' Knowledge, Attitudes and Use of Contraceptives to Adolescent Pregnancy in Ghana: A Baseline Data for Developing Sexuality Education Programmes. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9030272. [PMID: 33802398 PMCID: PMC8001720 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9030272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nearly one out of ten Ghanaian female adolescents aged 15–19 has experienced childbearing in urban settlements compared to twice this number in the rural populations due to unintended pregnancies. This study assessed the linkages between knowledge, attitudes, and use of contraceptives and adolescent pregnancy in one of the highly affected Municipalities (i.e., Komenda-Edina-Eguafo Abrem [KEEA]) in Ghana. (2) Methods: Employing a facility-based sampling method, 378 female adolescents aged 15–19 were selected. Unadjusted odds ratio (uOR) and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) at 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-values were used for significant variables at p < 0.05. (3) Results: Pregnant adolescents were 2 times more likely to indicate that the procedure of procuring contraceptives is quite uncomfortable (aOR = 2.42, 95% CI = [1.29–4.55]; p = 0.006). Also, pregnant adolescents were 5 times more likely to have ever used traditional contraceptive methods than their non-pregnant counterparts (aOR = 5.02, 95% CI = [2.60–9.71]; p < 0.001). On the contrary, pregnant adolescents had lower odds of indicating that contraceptives are for only married people (aOR = 0.38, 95% CI = [0.20–0.70]; p = 0.002) and that it feels bad to receive contraceptive information from parents and relatives than non-pregnant adolescents (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI = [0.24–0.74]; p = 0.003). Pregnant adolescents were less likely to use modern contraceptives than their non-pregnant adolescents (aOR = 0.18, 95% CI = [0.11–0.31]; p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: The findings indicate that female adolescents’ use of traditional contraceptives is associated with the risk of pregnancy in KEEA Municipality within the Central Region of Ghana. However, adolescents who had the perception that contraceptives are for married people and those who used modern contraceptives were less likely to get pregnant. Government and non-governmental organizations in Ghana should implement educational policies and programmes aimed at educating sexually-active female adolescents on modern contraceptives and the need to use them to prevent pregnancies. The basis for such policies and programmes should be based on evidence that compared to traditional contraceptives, modern contraceptives are more effective. In addition, there is the need to provide accurate information regarding the use of contraceptives to adolescents that will help change their attitudes towards the use of contraceptives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - John Elvis Hagan
- Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, PMB TF0494, Cape Coast, Ghana;
- Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Sciences, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, PMB TF0494, Cape Coast, Ghana; (A.-A.S.); (E.B.)
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Thomas Hormenu
- Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, PMB TF0494, Cape Coast, Ghana;
| | - John Ekow Otoo
- Bono Regional Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, P. O. Box 145, Sunyani, Ghana;
| | - Eugene Budu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, PMB TF0494, Cape Coast, Ghana; (A.-A.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Thomas Schack
- Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Sciences, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany;
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Karaçam Z, Kizilca Çakaloz D, Demir R. The impact of adolescent pregnancy on maternal and infant health in Turkey: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021; 50:102093. [PMID: 33592347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the impact of adolescent pregnancy on maternal and infant health on the basis of studies conducted in Turkey. MATERIAL AND METHODS Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of cross-sectional and case-control. A systematic scan was performed in January 2020 based on the keywords "adolescent pregnancy or teenage pregnancy and Turkey" in the electronic databases PubMed, Clinical Key, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, National Thesis Center, DergiPark, Ulakbim, Turkish Medline and Turkish Clinics. Two of the authors carried out a scan independently of each other, making a selection of articles, performing data extraction and quality assessment procedures under the supervision of the senior researcher. RESULTS The results of a total of 38 studies, of which twenty-three were cross-sectional and 15 were case-control, were compiled for the meta-analysis (adolescents: 20,768; control: 59,481). The results of the meta-analysis showed that the more common effects of adolescent pregnancies were preterm birth (OR: 2.12, p < 0.001), early membrane rupture (OR: 1.49, p < 0.001), anemia (OR: 2.60, p < 0.001), low birthweight/intrauterine growth retardation (OR: 2.06, p < 0.001), and fetal distress (OR: 1.78, p = 0.003). On the other hand, it was observed in the meta-analysis that childbirth by cesarean section (OR: 0.70, p < 0.001), gestational diabetes (OR: 0.35, p < 0.001), placenta previa (OR: 0.52, p = 0.01), polyhydramnios (OR: 0.52, p = 0.04) and macrosomia (OR: 0.54, p < 0.001) were less common among adolescents compared to adults. CONCLUSION Our review revealed that adolescent pregnancy had an adverse impact on maternal and infant health in terms of preterm childbirth, early membrane rupture, anemia, low birthweight/intrauterine growth retardation, low Apgar scores and fetal distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekiye Karaçam
- Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Midwifery, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Damla Kizilca Çakaloz
- Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Midwifery, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Rukiye Demir
- Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Health Sciences Institute, Division of Midwifery, Aydın, Turkey.
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Tembo T, Koyuncu A, Zhuo H, Mwendafilumba M, Manasyan A. The association of maternal age with adverse neonatal outcomes in Lusaka, Zambia: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:684. [PMID: 33176718 PMCID: PMC7659156 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy among adolescents, whether intended or not, is a public health concern as it is generally considered high risk for both mothers and their newborns. In Zambia, where many women engage in early sexual behaviour or marry at a young age, 28.5% of girls aged 15–19 years were pregnant with their first child in the year 2013–2014. This study sought to explore associations between maternal age and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods This was a secondary analysis of data nested within a larger population-based prospective cohort study which was implemented in three government health facilities-two first level hospitals and one clinic in Lusaka, Zambia. Women presenting to the study sites for antenatal care were enrolled into the study and followed up for collection of maternal and neonatal outcomes at 7, 28 and 42 days postpartum. The study’s primary outcomes were the incidence of maternal and newborn complications and factors associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Statistical significance was evaluated at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results The study included 11,501 women, 15.6% of whom were adolescents aged 10–19 years. Generally, adolescence did not have statistically significant associations with poor maternal health outcomes. However, the risk of experiencing obstructed labour, premature rupture of membranes and postpartum hemorrhage was higher among adolescents than women aged 20–24 years while the risk of severe infection was lower and non-significant. Adolescents also had 1.36 times the odds of having a low birthweight baby (95% CI 1.12, 1.66) and were at risk of preterm birth (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.06, 1.84). Their newborns were in need of bag and mask resuscitation at birth (aOR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.41, 0.93). Advanced maternal age was significantly associated with increased odds of hypertension/ pre-eclampsia (95% CI 1.54, 5.89) and preterm labour (aOR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.24, 6.21). Conclusions Adolescence is a risk factor for selected pregnancy outcomes in urban health facilities in Lusaka, Zambia. Health care workers should intensify the provision of targeted services to improve neonatal health outcomes. Trial registration Clinical trial number and URL: NCT03923023 (Retrospectively registered). Clinical trial registration date: April 22, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannia Tembo
- Department of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, P.O Box 34681, Lusaka, Zambia.
| | - Aybüke Koyuncu
- Analysis Unit , Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia , P.O Box 34681, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Haoran Zhuo
- Surgical Outcomes and Epidemiology-Surgical Department , Yale University , Connecticut, CT 06520, New Haven, USA
| | - Martha Mwendafilumba
- Department of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, P.O Box 34681, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Albert Manasyan
- Department of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, P.O Box 34681, Lusaka, Zambia.,Division of Neonatology School of Medicine , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, USA
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Rexhepi M, Besimi F, Rufati N, Alili A, Bajrami S, Ismaili H. Hospital-Based Study of Maternal, Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes in Adolescent Pregnancy Compared to Adult Women Pregnancy. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:760-766. [PMID: 30962834 PMCID: PMC6447330 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent pregnancy, defined as a pregnancy in girls aged 10 to 19 years. Adolescent mothers are at high risk for maternal and neonatal complications. AIM To compare maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes in adolescents and adult women aged 20-24 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included all singleton pregnancies during a three-year period (January 2016-December 2018) who gave birth in a Clinical Hospital in Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia. After exclusion criteria, a total of 932 cases were reviewed and divided into two groups: one of the teenage mothers (< 19 years old) (115 women) and the other of adult mothers (20-24 years old) (817 women). RESULTS Of the total number of 5643 births, 128 (2.27%) were from adolescent pregnancies. Of them, nulliparous adolescent women were 115 (2.04%). Adolescents compare to adult mothers had a higher rate of urinary tract infections (33% vs. 22%), increased rate of maternal anemia (26% vs. 15%), preterm birth, small for gestational age newborns (25.2% vs. 17.1%), lower high school attendance (0 vs. 21.9%) and inadequate prenatal care. Spontaneous labour was more common in adolescents (73% vs 63.5%), while Caesarean sections were less common than in women aged 20-24 years (25.2% vs 33.5%). The rate of other perinatal outcomes was not significantly different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study showed that the frequencies of some maternal, perinatal and neonatal complications were considerably higher in adolescent mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meral Rexhepi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Hospital, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tetovo, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Florin Besimi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Hospital, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tetovo, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Nagip Rufati
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Hospital, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tetovo, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Arian Alili
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tetovo, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Sani Bajrami
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tetovo, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Hysni Ismaili
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tetovo, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia
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