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Duvenage KK, Willemse Y, de Ridder H, Kramer M. Normative Standards for Isokinetic and Anthropometric Classifications of University-Level Netball Players. J Sport Rehabil 2024; 33:237-244. [PMID: 38502110 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2023-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The purpose of the study was to develop normative ranges and standards for knee and shoulder isokinetic and anthropometric values. These standards can be qualitatively interpreted and allow practitioners to classify isokinetic and anthropometric values more objectively for university-level netball players. DESIGN Posttest only observational study design. All players were only evaluated once during the in-season to generate normative ranges. METHODS A total of 51 female players volunteered. Participants were evaluated on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60° per second to obtain knee-extensor and knee-flexor values as well as shoulder-flexor and shoulder-extensor values. A total of 16 anthropometric variables were collected including stature, body mass, 8 skinfolds, and 6 circumferences. Between-group differences were calculated to determine whether playing level was a differentiating factor in data. RESULTS Normative standards were developed for isokinetic parameters associated with the knee and shoulder joints as well as skinfolds and circumference measures. No statistically significant between-group differences were evident (χ2Kruskal-Wallis[2] = 3.96, P = .140). CONCLUSION These standards can be used by coaches and practitioners to set attainable goals for individual players or those from secondary leagues, classify individual and team-based performances, and facilitate decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra-Kezzia Duvenage
- Centre for Health and Human Performance, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Yolandi Willemse
- Centre for Health and Human Performance, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Hans de Ridder
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Recreation (PhASRec) Research Focus Area, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Mark Kramer
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Recreation (PhASRec) Research Focus Area, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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2
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Abdul W, Moore I, Robertson A. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention Programs in Welsh Netball: A Survey of Knowledge, Implementation and Barriers Amongst Players and Coaches. Cureus 2024; 16:e60405. [PMID: 38882996 PMCID: PMC11179151 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention programs can reduce injury risk in various sports. The perception of ACL injury prevention programs amongst professional netball players and coaches has not been studied. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine (1) the level of awareness and experience of ACL injury prevention programs, (2) the use of ACL injury prevention programs, and (3) barriers and potential facilitators to implementing a sustainable ACL injury prevention program in netball. Materials and methods Female netball players representing Welsh senior and under-21 teams and elite and amateur coaches were invited electronically to participate in this web-based cross-sectional observational study between 1st May and 31st July 2021. Information on ACL injury susceptibility and seriousness, knowledge, experience, and implementation of ACL injury prevention programs were ascertained. Results Twenty-eight players (78%) and 29 coaches (13%) completed the questionnaire. Seventeen (61%) players and 15 (52%) coaches reported that female athletes were at greater risk of sustaining ACL injuries. Over 90% of respondents identified netball as high-risk, whilst 89% (n=25) of players and 76% (n=22) of coaches reported these injuries to be preventable. Only two (7%) players and six (21%) coaches utilised an ACL injury prevention program with a lack of time and engagement from coaches and players identified. The majority of respondents indicated that their club has neither promoted, advocated the use nor demonstrated exercises for ACL injury prevention. Over 90% of respondents would utilise an ACL injury prevention program if it minimised players' risk with appropriate information and demonstration of exercises. Conclusion This study highlights limited knowledge of female athletes' increased susceptibility to ACL injuries amongst players and coaches with a lack of communication and education on ACL injury prevention programs between sporting associations, coaches, and players. However, the results demonstrate willingness amongst both players and coaches to implement an ACL injury prevention program in netball.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahid Abdul
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, GBR
| | - Isabel Moore
- Sports and Exercise Medicine, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, GBR
| | - Angus Robertson
- Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, GBR
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3
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Rowe PL, Hinman RS, Bryant AL, Paterson KL. Health-seeking behaviors, management practices, and return to play decisions after an ankle sprain in netball: An international cross-sectional survey of 1592 non-elite netballers. J Sci Med Sport 2023; 26:415-420. [PMID: 37400287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate if non-elite netballers sought health care, treatments received, and return-to-play decisions after an ankle sprain, including intercountry differences. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS Non-elite netballers aged >14 years were recruited from Australia, United Kingdom, and New Zealand. Participants completed an online survey regarding their last ankle sprain and were queried regarding health care sought, health professionals consulted, treatments received, time missed, and return-to-play clearance. Data were described using number (proportion) for the overall cohort and countries. Between-country differences in health care use were compared using chi-square tests. Descriptive statistics were presented for management practices. RESULTS We received 1592 responses from Australian (n = 846), United Kingdom (n = 454), and New Zealand (n = 292) netballers. Three in five (n = 951, 60 %) sought health care. Of those, most consulted a physiotherapist (n = 728, 76 %), received strengthening exercises (n = 771, 81 %), balance exercises (N = 665, 70 %) and taping (n = 636, 67 %). Few received return-to-play clearance (n = 362, 23 %). Comparing countries, fewer United Kingdom netballers sought health care than Australian and New Zealand netballers (Australia: 60 % vs United Kingdom: 53 % vs New Zealand: 68 %, p < 0.001), consulted a physiotherapist (Australia: 79 %, United Kingdom: 63 %, New Zealand: 87 %), received strengthening (Australia: 84 %, United Kingdom: 73 %, New Zealand: 84 %) or balance exercises (Australia: 71 %, United Kingdom: 60 %, New Zealand: 80 %) or taping (Australia: 74 %, United Kingdom: 39 %, New Zealand: 82 %). More Australian netballers returned to play within 1-7 days (Australia: 25 %, United Kingdom: 15 %, New Zealand: 21 %) and fewer United Kingdom netballers received return-to-play clearance (Australia: 28 %, United Kingdom: 10 %, New Zealand: 28 %). CONCLUSIONS Health-seeking behaviours are adopted by some, but not all netballers after an ankle sprain. For those who sought care, most consulted a physiotherapist and were prescribed exercise-based interventions and external ankle support, but few received return-to-play clearance. Comparing countries, United Kingdom netballers had lower health-seeking behaviours and received less best-practice management than Australian and New Zealand netballers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Rowe
- Centre for Health, Exercise & Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia. https://twitter.com/patrickrowe94
| | - Rana S Hinman
- Centre for Health, Exercise & Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia. https://twitter.com/HinmanRana
| | - Adam L Bryant
- Centre for Health, Exercise & Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kade L Paterson
- Centre for Health, Exercise & Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
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4
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Mullally EM, Atack AC, Glaister M, Clark NC, Brown N. A cross-sectional retrospective survey of injury situation and prevalence in female recreational netball players with a focus on knee injuries. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 60:70-74. [PMID: 36706648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine situations of injury and injury prevalence in female adult recreational netball players with a focus on knee injuries. DESIGN Cross sectional retrospective online survey. PARTICIPANTS 193 female adult recreational netball players. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Any injury sustained in the previous 12 months, situation of injury, any knee injuries sustained in the previous five years, the length of time unable to play netball, and knee injury management. RESULTS In the previous 12 months, 61% of respondents sustained injury to the lower limb, and 27% to the upper limb. Lower limb injury situations were mostly landings (46%). Upper limb injury situations were mostly collisions with an opponent (27%). 46% reported sustaining a knee injury in the previous five years. Following knee injury, players were unable to play netball for 6.8 ± 7.0 months (training); and 8.2 ± 7.4 months (matches) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lower limb injury is more common than upper limb injury in recreational adult female adult netball players. Landing was the most common situation of injury for the lower limb including knee injuries. In the previous five years, nearly half of the players had sustained a knee injury resulting in more than six months out of the game.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M Mullally
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Sciences. St Mary's University, Waldegrave Road, Twickenham, TW1 4SX, United Kingdom.
| | - Alexandra C Atack
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Sciences. St Mary's University, Waldegrave Road, Twickenham, TW1 4SX, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark Glaister
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Sciences. St Mary's University, Waldegrave Road, Twickenham, TW1 4SX, United Kingdom.
| | - Nicholas C Clark
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences. University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Nicola Brown
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Sciences. St Mary's University, Waldegrave Road, Twickenham, TW1 4SX, United Kingdom.
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Mackay L, Jones B, Janse van Rensburg DCC, Hall F, Alexander L, Atkinson K, Baldrey P, Bedford A, Cormack S, Clarke J, Croft H, Denton K, Fox AS, Hadley P, Handyside R, Hendricks S, Kerss J, Leota L, Maddern B, McErlain-Naylor SA, Mooney M, Pyke D, Pistorius D, Ramagole DA, Ryan D, Scott F, Scott T, Snow J, Spencer K, Thirlby J, Viljoen CT, Whitehead S. Consensus on a netball video analysis framework of descriptors and definitions by the netball video analysis consensus group. Br J Sports Med 2023; 57:441-449. [PMID: 36754590 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-106187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Using an expert consensus-based approach, a netball video analysis consensus (NVAC) group of researchers and practitioners was formed to develop a video analysis framework of descriptors and definitions of physical, technical and contextual aspects for netball research. The framework aims to improve the consistency of language used within netball investigations. It also aims to guide injury mechanism reporting and identification of injury risk factors. The development of the framework involved a systematic review of the literature and a Delphi process. In conjunction with commercially used descriptors and definitions, 19 studies were used to create the initial framework of key descriptors and definitions in netball. In a two round Delphi method consensus, each expert rated their level of agreement with each of the descriptors and associated definition on a 5-point Likert scale (1-strongly disagree; 2-somewhat disagree; 3-neither agree nor disagree; 4-somewhat agree; 5-strongly agree). The median (IQR) rating of agreement was 5.0 (0.0), 5.0 (0.0) and 5.0 (0.0) for physical, technical and contextual aspects, respectively. The NVAC group recommends usage of the framework when conducting video analysis research in netball. The use of descriptors and definitions will be determined by the nature of the work and can be combined to incorporate further movements and actions used in netball. The framework can be linked with additional data, such as injury surveillance and microtechnology data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois Mackay
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,England Netball, Loughborough, UK
| | - Ben Jones
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,Divison of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculy of Health Sciences, The University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.,Premiership Rugby, London, New South Wales, UK.,England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Red Hall, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, Leeds, UK
| | - Dina Christina Christa Janse van Rensburg
- Section Sports Medicine, University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.,Medical Board Member, World Netball Foundation, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Karen Atkinson
- Strathclyde Sirens Netball, Glasgow, UK.,Netball Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pippa Baldrey
- England Netball, Loughborough, UK.,English Institute of Sport, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony Bedford
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia.,New Zealand Silver Ferns, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stuart Cormack
- Sports Performance, Recovery, Injury and New Technologies (SPRINT) Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jade Clarke
- England Netball, Loughborough, UK.,Leeds Rhinos Netball, Leeds, UK
| | - Hayden Croft
- New Zealand Silver Ferns, Auckland, New Zealand.,Te Pukenga, Otago Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Katie Denton
- England Netball, Loughborough, UK.,English Institute of Sport, Manchester, UK
| | - Aaron S Fox
- Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paige Hadley
- New South Wales Swifts Netball, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Netball Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Handyside
- Sport and Exercise, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sharief Hendricks
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,Divison of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculy of Health Sciences, The University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jim Kerss
- England Netball, Loughborough, UK.,English Institute of Sport, Manchester, UK
| | - Liana Leota
- England Netball, Loughborough, UK.,Leeds Rhinos Netball, Leeds, UK
| | - Bjorn Maddern
- New South Wales Institute of Sport, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Mitchell Mooney
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Pyke
- MMU Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Danielle Pistorius
- Section Sports Medicine, University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Dimakatso A Ramagole
- Section Sports Medicine, University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Dan Ryan
- West Coast Fever Netball, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fiona Scott
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.,Saracens Mavericks Netball, Hatfield, UK
| | - Tannath Scott
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,Netball Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie Snow
- England Netball, Loughborough, UK.,English Institute of Sport, Manchester, UK
| | - Kirsten Spencer
- School of Sport and Recreation, Sports Performance Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Carel Thomas Viljoen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sarah Whitehead
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK .,Leeds Rhinos Netball, Leeds, UK
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6
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Ke W. RESPONSES OF TAI CHI IN UPPER LIMB SPORTS INJURIES REHABILITATION ON YOUNG PEOPLE. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202228062022_0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction Practicing sports can strengthen the body both physically and mentally. Although Tai Chi can help injured athletes to recover quickly and shorten the return to sports training and competition, there are still no detailed studies about its effectiveness in lower limb injuries in young people. Objective Analyze the effects of Tai Chi in upper limb sports injuries rehabilitation on young people. Methods 91 patients with sports injuries are selected and randomly divided into a control group (n=44) and an experimental group (n=47). The control group received regular exercises for rehabilitation, while the experimental group used Tai Chi exercises. Mathematical statistics are used to analyze the effects before and after the activities. Results There are considerable statistical differences in the effects of exercise on the two groups of patients. Conclusion Tai Chi exercise can help young people recover from upper limb sports injuries. Evidence level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Ke
- Henan Institute of Economics and Trade, China
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7
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Janse van Rensburg DC, Bryant G, Kearney S, Singh P, Devos A, Jansen van Rensburg A, Schwellnus MP, Botha T. The epidemiology of injury and illness at the Vitality Netball World Cup 2019: an observational study. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2022; 50:359-368. [PMID: 34030597 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2021.1932632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Netball is a physical game with sudden direction changes, decelerations, jumping and landing, stop/start maneuvers and restrictive footwork rules exposing players to injury. Close contact play and shared facilities during tournaments, increase illness risk.Objective: To describe incidence, period prevalence, types and severity of injuries and illnesses during the 10-day Vitality Netball World Cup 2019 (NWC).Methods: All players from 16 teams consented (n = 192). Medical staff recorded injuries (840 exposure hours), illnesses (1440 player-days) and time-loss. Main outcome measures included incidence (I) calculated as injury/1000 player-hours and illness/1000 player-days, period prevalence (PP) and severity (time-loss) of all match injuries and illnesses. RESULTS 39 players sustained 46 match injuries (I = 54.76; PP = 20.31%). Lower limb injuries (I = 29.76), specifically the ankle (I = 13.10) were most common with lateral ankle ligament sprains the highest (I = 17.39). Contact injuries (I = 40.48) significantly exceeded non-contact injuries (I = 14.29; p = 0.0124). Center players sustained most injuries (n = 12; 26%; I = 14.29), followed by goalkeepers (n = 10; 22%; I = 11.90) and goal defenders (n = 8; 17%; I = 9.52). Injuries occurred in almost 50% of matches, and 67% did not result in time-loss. Time-loss injuries (n = 14; 33%) were most frequent in the lower limb (n = 10; 71%) specifically involved lateral ankle ligaments (n = 4; 29%), attributable to contact (n = 11; 79%) and mostly implicated center players and goal defenders (n = 4 each; 29% each). 11 players contracted 11 illnesses (I = 7.64; PP = 5.72%) with respiratory tract illness contributing 36%. Most illnesses did not result in time-loss (91%). CONCLUSION This is the first study reporting injury and illness during an NWC. Contact was the main mechanism of injury, and 2/3 of injuries did not result in time-loss. The ankle is most commonly injured and center players sustain most injuries. Non-respiratory system disease was most frequent, but upper respiratory tract infection remains the most common diagnosis. Targeted surveillance studies using similar methodology are required to develop injury and illness preventative strategies in elite netball.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Christa Janse van Rensburg
- Section Sports Medicine & Sport Exercise Medicine Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Medical Board Member, International Netball Federation, Manchester, UK
| | - Grace Bryant
- Sports Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Medical Board, International Netball Federation, Manchester, UK
| | - Sharon Kearney
- Medical Board Member, International Netball Federation, Manchester, UK.,Medical Board, International Netball Federation, Manchester, UK.,Sports Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Praimanand Singh
- Medical Board Member, International Netball Federation, Manchester, UK.,Sports Medicine and Consultant, Emergency Medicine at the University, West Indies
| | - Arnold Devos
- Principal Consultant, Background Signal P/L, Australia, Australia
| | - Audrey Jansen van Rensburg
- Section Sports Medicine & Sport Exercise Medicine Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Martin P Schwellnus
- Section Sports Medicine & Sport Exercise Medicine Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tanita Botha
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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8
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Epidemiology of injuries sustained in professional Australian netball: A three season cohort study. J Sci Med Sport 2021; 25:294-299. [PMID: 35031236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the medical attention and time-loss injury epidemiology of Australia's premier netball competition. DESIGN Descriptive epidemiological study. METHODS One-hundred and nineteen players in the Suncorp Super Netball league were under surveillance during three consecutive seasons (2017-2019), inclusive of pre-, in-, and post- season phases. Medical attention injuries were recorded by medical personnel, and additionally sub-categorised according to time loss. Injury incidence rates (IIR) and injury burden were calculated per 365 player contract days, with differences between season and season phase IIRs compared using negative binomial generated incidence rate ratios (IRR). RESULTS Eight hundred and sixty-six medical attention injuries and 393 time-loss injuries were recorded. The majority of the players had multiple (≥2) medical attention (n = 92; 77.3%) and time-loss (n = 75, 63.0%) injuries reported. The ankle (n = 181; 20.9%), knee (n = 136; 15.7%) and foot (n = 98; 11.3%) were the body sites with the most frequently reported medical attention injuries. Overall, there was a comparable injury incidence rate between the pre-season and in-season periods (IRR = 1.13, 95%CI = 0.98-1.30, p = 0.0842), although variation in the injury burden was identified. Ankle tendon injuries (23.5 days absence) and knee joint injuries (44.9 days absence) the most burdensome injuries in the pre-season and in-season periods respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lower limb injuries are the most frequent in professional level netball. Knee and ankle injuries are the most burdensome overall, however the type of injuries with a high burden vary between pre- and in-season periods. Time-loss, non-time loss and subsequent injuries are prominent in professional level netball.
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9
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Rowe PL, Bryant AL, Paterson KL. Current ankle sprain prevention and management strategies of netball athletes: a scoping review of the literature and comparison with best-practice recommendations. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:113. [PMID: 34537083 PMCID: PMC8449445 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Ankle sprains are the most commonly reported injury in netball. Approximately four in five netball athletes will sustain an ankle sprain, up to half will go on to sustain recurrent ankle sprains, and nine in ten report perceived ankle instability. Historically, prevention and management strategies of ankle sprains and injuries have been investigated for a variety of sports, however, no literature reviews have investigated these in netball athletes, or compared these with current best-practice within the literature. Therefore, this scoping review aims to understand how netball athletes currently prevent and manage ankle sprains and to compare these approaches with best-practice recommendations. Methods A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases using keywords to capture studies with data or information related to the prevention and management of ankle sprains and injuries in netball. Results The search strategy captured 982 studies across all databases, with 30 netball studies included in this scoping review. Studies suggest netball athletes are not commonly referred to health professionals, do not undertake adequate rehabilitation, and almost immediately return to court following an ankle sprain or injury. Current best-practices suggest injury prevention programs and external ankle support effectively reduce ankle sprains and injuries; however, poor compliance and implementation may be a significant barrier. Currently, there is a lack of evidence that netball-specific footwear reduces the risk of ankle sprains. Conclusion The findings suggest netball athletes do not implement current best-practice prevention and management strategies following an ankle sprain. This is despite evidence of the effectiveness of injury prevention programs, external ankle support, and adequate rehabilitation in reducing ankle sprain rates. Current-best practice prevention and management of ankle sprains should be considered by clinicians, coaches, and athletes to reduce the prevalence and chronicity of ankle sprains in netball. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13102-021-00342-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Rowe
- Department of Physiotherapy, Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam L Bryant
- Department of Physiotherapy, Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kade L Paterson
- Department of Physiotherapy, Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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10
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Hogarth L, Farley A, McKenzie M, Burkett B, McKean M. Body composition in professional female netball players within and between seasons: a cohort study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:63. [PMID: 34088361 PMCID: PMC8176725 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background There is limited information on the physique attributes of female netball players from the highest playing standards and the typical body composition changes that occur with training and competition in these athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the body composition of professional female netball players and changes that occur within and between national premier netball seasons. Methods Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessments were conducted in 20 female netball players (age = 26.5 [4.7] years, body mass = 77.3 [9.7] kg, stature = 182.7 [9.5] cm) contracted to a Suncorp Super Netball team. Total body lean mass, fat mass, bone mass and bone mineral density were derived for 127 assessments collected over three seasons. Linear mixed effects modelling was used to examine changes in body composition measures within and between seasons. Results Goal circle players were heavier (12.3 [3.5] kg, p < 0.001, g = 1.51) and taller (15.0 [2.7] cm, p < 0.001, g = 2.30) than midcourt players, and midcourt players had greater lean mass (3.1 [1.6] %, p = 0.07, g = 0.85) and less fat mass (-3.3 [1.7] %, p = 0.06, g = -0.84) than goal circle players when values were normalised to body mass. Players achieved increases in lean mass (2,191 [263] g, p < 0.01, g = 0.45) and decreases in fat mass (-835 [351] g, p = 0.09, g = -0.16) following a preseason preparation period. There were no changes in lean mass (-394 [295] g, p = 0.54, g = 0.07) or fat mass (102 [389] g, p = 0.99, g = 0.04) from the start to the end of the 14-week competition period. Conclusions Professional female netball players achieve small changes in lean mass and fat mass during preseason preparation and maintain their physique over the competitive season. The results of this study can inform practitioners on the training content necessary to promote or maintain desired body composition changes in these athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Hogarth
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4556, Sippy Downs, Australia.
| | - Ava Farley
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4556, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - Max McKenzie
- High Performance Sport, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4556, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - Brendan Burkett
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4556, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - Mark McKean
- High Performance Sport, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4556, Sippy Downs, Australia
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