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Nacher M, Epelboin L, Bonifay T, Djossou F, Blaizot R, Couppié P, Adenis A, Lucarelli A, Lambert Y, Schaub R, Douine M. Migration in French Guiana: Implications in health and infectious diseases. Travel Med Infect Dis 2024; 57:102677. [PMID: 38049022 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
In French Guiana, more than a third of the population, and nearly half of the adults, are of foreign origin. This immigration is explained by the French standard of living, which is attractive to nationals of surrounding countries. Infectious diseases remain in the top 10 causes of premature death, often in the most precarious populations. In this context we aimed to synthesize the state of the knowledge regarding immigration and infectious diseases in French Guiana and the general implications that follow this diagnosis. For HIV, although the majority of patients are of foreign origin, estimates of the presumed date of infection based on CD4 erosion modelling and from molecular analyses suggest that the majority of transmissions in foreign-born individuals occur in French Guiana and that the Guiana shield has been a crossroad between Latin America and the Caribbean. Among key populations bridging these regions illegal gold miners are very mobile and have the greatest proportion B Caribbean HIV viruses. Gold miners have been a key vulnerable population for falciparum malaria and other tropical diseases such as leishmaniasis, leprosy, or leptospirosis. The complex history of migrations in French Guiana and on the Guiana Shield is also reflected in the fingerprinting of mycobacterium tuberculosis and the high incidence of tuberculosis in French Guiana, notably in immigrants, reflects the incidences in the countries of origin of patients. The high burden of infectious diseases in immigrants in French Guiana is first and foremost a reflection of the precarious living conditions within French Guiana and suggests that community-based proactive interventions are crucial to reduce transmission, morbidity, and mortality from infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Nacher
- CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Guyane, Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana.
| | - Loïc Epelboin
- CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Guyane, Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana; Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Timothée Bonifay
- CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Félix Djossou
- Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana; Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppié
- Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana; Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Antoine Adenis
- CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Guyane, Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Aude Lucarelli
- Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana; Coordination Regionale de lutte contre le VIH, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Yann Lambert
- CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Guyane, Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Roxane Schaub
- CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Maylis Douine
- CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Guyane, Cayenne, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Amazonian Infrastructures for Population Health & Tropical Medicine, Cayenne, French Guiana
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2
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Saidi N, Blaizot R, Prévot G, Aoun K, Demar M, Cazenave PA, Bouratbine A, Pied S. Clinical and immunological spectra of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in North Africa and French Guiana. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1134020. [PMID: 37575260 PMCID: PMC10421664 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by infection with the parasite Leishmania exhibits a large spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from single healing to severe chronic lesions with the manifestation of resistance or not to treatment. Depending on the specie and multiple environmental parameters, the evolution of lesions is determined by a complex interaction between parasite factors and the early immune responses triggered, including innate and adaptive mechanisms. Moreover, lesion resolution requires parasite control as well as modulation of the pathologic local inflammation responses and the initiation of wound healing responses. Here, we have summarized recent advances in understanding the in situ immune response to cutaneous leishmaniasis: i) in North Africa caused by Leishmania (L.) major, L. tropica, and L. infantum, which caused in most cases localized autoresolutives forms, and ii) in French Guiana resulting from L. guyanensis and L. braziliensis, two of the most prevalent strains that may induce potentially mucosal forms of the disease. This review will allow a better understanding of local immune parameters, including cellular and cytokines release in the lesion, that controls infection and/or protect against the pathogenesis in new world compared to old world CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasreddine Saidi
- Univ. Lille, Univ. French Guiana, CNRS UMR 9017-INSERM U1019, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille-CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Recherche, LR 16-IPT-06, Parasitoses Médicales, Biotechnologies et Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Univ. Lille, Univ. French Guiana, CNRS UMR 9017-INSERM U1019, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille-CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, Laboratoire Associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Ghislaine Prévot
- Univ. Lille, Univ. French Guiana, CNRS UMR 9017-INSERM U1019, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille-CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karim Aoun
- Laboratoire de Recherche, LR 16-IPT-06, Parasitoses Médicales, Biotechnologies et Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Magalie Demar
- Univ. Lille, Univ. French Guiana, CNRS UMR 9017-INSERM U1019, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille-CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, Laboratoire Associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Pierre André Cazenave
- Univ. Lille, Univ. French Guiana, CNRS UMR 9017-INSERM U1019, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille-CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aida Bouratbine
- Laboratoire de Recherche, LR 16-IPT-06, Parasitoses Médicales, Biotechnologies et Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sylviane Pied
- Univ. Lille, Univ. French Guiana, CNRS UMR 9017-INSERM U1019, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille-CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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Heleine M, Elenga N, Njuieyon F, Martin E, Piat C, Pansart C, Couppie P, Hernandez M, Demar M, Blaizot R. Using pentamidine to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis in children: a 10-year study in French Guiana. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023; 48:913-915. [PMID: 37075241 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
There are little data on pentamidine as a treatment for paediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The objective of this study was to describe the effectiveness and safety of pentamidine over a 10-year period. Every child seen in French Guiana between 2010 and 2020 with proven CL and treated with pentamidine was included. In total, 55 children met the inclusion criteria - 23 girls and 32 boys. There were 38 patients (38/55, 69%) with a > 50% improvement at 1 month after pentamidine treatment and a complete cure at 3 months; 16 children had a < 50% improvement at 1 month and were given a second dose. Of these 16, 8 showed a complete cure at 3 months, 5 were lost to follow-up and 3 showed therapeutic failure at 3 months. The overall cure rate was 84% (46/55) after one or two doses. In terms of the safety of pentamidine, no severe adverse events (grade ≥ 3) were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pierre Couppie
- Dermatology Department
- UMR TBIP 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immunophysiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- National Reference Centre for Leishmania, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Miguel Hernandez
- National Reference Centre for Leishmania, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- UMR TBIP 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immunophysiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- National Reference Centre for Leishmania, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Parasitology Laboratory, Cayenne Hospital Centre, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Dermatology Department
- UMR TBIP 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immunophysiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- National Reference Centre for Leishmania, Cayenne, French Guiana
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4
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Blaizot R, Fontaine A, Demar M, Delon F, d'Oleon ADB, Mayet A, de Laval F, de Santi VP, Briolant S. Updated estimation of cutaneous leishmaniasis incubation period in French Guiana. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011415. [PMID: 37315094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) incubation period (IP) is defined as the time between parasite inoculation by sandfly bite and the onset of the first CL lesion. IP distribution is difficult to assess for CL because the date of exposure to an infectious bite cannot be accurately determined in endemic areas. IP current estimates for CL range from 14 days to several months with a median around 30-60 days, as established by a few previous studies in both New and Old Worlds. METHODOLOGY We estimated CL incubation period distribution using time-to-event models adapted to interval-censored data based on declared date of travels from symptomatic military personnel living in non-endemic areas that were exposed during their short stays in French Guiana (FG) between January 2001 and December 2021. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A total of 180 patients were included, of which 176 were men (97.8%), with a median age of 26 years. When recorded, the parasite species was always Leishmania guyanensis (31/180, 17.2%). The main periods of CL diagnosis spread from November to January (84/180, 46.7%) and over March-April (54/180, 30.0%). The median IP was estimated at 26.2 days (95% Credible Level, 23.8-28.7 days) using a Bayesian accelerated failure-time regression model. Estimated IP did not exceed 62.1 days (95% CI, 56-69.8 days) in 95% of cases (95th percentile). Age, gender, lesion number, lesion evolution and infection date did not significantly modify the IP. However, disseminated CL was significantly associated with a 2.8-fold shortening of IP. CONCLUSIONS This work suggests that the CL IP distribution in French Guiana is shorter and more restricted than anticipated. As the incidence of CL in FG usually peaks in January and March, these findings suggest that patients are contaminated at the start of the rainy season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Blaizot
- Cayenne Hospital Center, Dermatology Department, Cayenne, French Guiana
- UMR TBIP 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immunophysiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- National Reference Center for Leishmania, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Albin Fontaine
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), Vecteurs-Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Unité de Parasitologie Entomologie, Département de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Marseille, France
| | - Magalie Demar
- National Reference Center for Leishmania, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Cayenne Hospital Center, Parasitology Laboratory, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - François Delon
- Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé en Guyane, Cayenne, Guyane
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM (Economic and Social Sciences, Health Systems, and Medical Informatics), Marseille, France
| | - Albane de Bonet d'Oleon
- SSA (French Military Health Service), CESPA (French Armed Forces Center for Epidemiology and Public Health), Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Mayet
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM (Economic and Social Sciences, Health Systems, and Medical Informatics), Marseille, France
- SSA (French Military Health Service), CESPA (French Armed Forces Center for Epidemiology and Public Health), Marseille, France
| | - Franck de Laval
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM (Economic and Social Sciences, Health Systems, and Medical Informatics), Marseille, France
- SSA (French Military Health Service), CESPA (French Armed Forces Center for Epidemiology and Public Health), Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Pommier de Santi
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), Vecteurs-Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France
- SSA (French Military Health Service), CESPA (French Armed Forces Center for Epidemiology and Public Health), Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Briolant
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), Vecteurs-Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Unité de Parasitologie Entomologie, Département de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Marseille, France
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Epelboin L, Abboud P, Abdelmoumen K, About F, Adenis A, Blaise T, Blaizot R, Bonifay T, Bourne-Watrin M, Boutrou M, Carles G, Carlier PY, Carod JF, Carvalho L, Couppié P, De Toffol B, Delon F, Demar M, Destoop J, Douine M, Droz JP, Elenga N, Enfissi A, Franck YK, Fremery A, Gaillet M, Kallel H, Kpangon AA, Lavergne A, Le Turnier P, Maisonobe L, Michaud C, Mutricy R, Nacher M, Naldjinan-Kodbaye R, Oberlis M, Odonne G, Osei L, Pujo J, Rabier S, Roman-Laverdure B, Rousseau C, Rousset D, Sabbah N, Sainte-Rose V, Schaub R, Sylla K, Tareau MA, Tertre V, Thorey C, Vialette V, Walter G, Zappa M, Djossou F, Vignier N. [Overview of infectious and non-infectious diseases in French Guiana in 2022]. MEDECINE TROPICALE ET SANTE INTERNATIONALE 2023; 3:mtsi.v3i1.2023.308. [PMID: 37389381 PMCID: PMC10300792 DOI: 10.48327/mtsi.v3i1.2023.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Source of many myths, French Guiana represents an exceptional territory due to the richness of its biodiversity and the variety of its communities. The only European territory in Amazonia, surrounded by the Brazilian giant and the little-known Suriname, Ariane 6 rockets are launched from Kourou while 50% of the population lives below the poverty line. This paradoxical situation is a source of health problems specific to this territory, whether they be infectious diseases with unknown germs, intoxications or chronic pathologies.Some infectious diseases such as Q fever, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis or HIV infection are in common with temperate countries, but present specificities leading to sometimes different management and medical reasoning. In addition to these pathologies, many tropical diseases are present in an endemic and / or epidemic mode such as malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, histoplasmosis or dengue. Besides, Amazonian dermatology is extremely varied, ranging from rare but serious pathologies (Buruli ulcer, leprosy) to others which are frequent and benign such as agouti lice (mites of the family Trombiculidae) or papillonitis. Envenomations by wild fauna are not rare, and deserve an appropriate management of the incriminated taxon. Obstetrical, cardiovascular and metabolic cosmopolitan pathologies sometimes take on a particular dimension in French Guiana that must be taken into account in the management of patients. Finally, different types of intoxication are to be known by practitioners, especially due to heavy metals.European-level resources offer diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities that do not exist in the surrounding countries and regions, thus allowing the management of diseases that are not well known elsewhere.Thanks to these same European-level resources, research in Guyana occupies a key place within the Amazon region, despite a smaller population than in the surrounding countries. Thus, certain pathologies such as histoplasmosis of the immunocompromised patient, Amazonian toxoplasmosis or Q fever are hardly described in neighboring countries, probably due to under-diagnosis linked to more limited resources. French Guiana plays a leading role in the study of these diseases.The objective of this overview is to guide health care providers coming to or practicing in French Guiana in their daily practice, but also practitioners taking care of people returning from French Guiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Epelboin
- Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Philippe Abboud
- Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Karim Abdelmoumen
- Département des maladies infectieuses, Centre hospitalier de Mayotte, Mamoudzou, Mayotte
| | - Frédégonde About
- Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Antoine Adenis
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Théo Blaise
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Unité carcérale de soins ambulatoires, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Timothée Bonifay
- Unité carcérale de soins ambulatoires, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | | | - Mathilde Boutrou
- Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Département des maladies infectieuses, Centre hospitalier de Mayotte, Mamoudzou, Mayotte
- Unité carcérale de soins ambulatoires, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service de dermatologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Centre hospitalier de l'ouest guyanais, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale, Centre hospitalier de l'ouest guyanais, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane
- Agence régionale de santé de Guyane, Cayenne, Guyane
- Santé publique France, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service de neurologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- TBIP (Tropical Biome and ImmunoPhysiopathology), Université de Guyane, Cayenne, Guyane
- Laboratoire hospitalo-universitaire de parasitologie et mycologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée-Rosemon, Cayenne, Guyane
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 et Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Service de pédiatrie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Laboratoire de virologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane
- Service de cardiologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service d'accueil des urgences et SAMU, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Pôle des Centres délocalisés de prévention et de soins, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service de réanimation, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service de médecine, Centre hospitalier de Kourou, Kourou, Guyane
- Laboratoire des interactions virus-hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, Guyane
- Croix-Rouge française de Guyane, Cayenne, Guyane
- Laboratoire Écologie, évolution, interactions des systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), CNRS, Université de Guyane, IFREMER, Cayenne, Guyane
- COREVIH (Comité de coordination de la lutte contre les infections sexuellement transmissibles et le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service d'endocrinologie-diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service de médecine, Centre hospitalier de l'ouest guyanais, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane
- Direction interarmées du service de santé (DIASS)
- Laboratoire Eurofins Guyane, site de Kourou, Centre hospitalier de Kourou, Guyane
- Service de radiologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Gabriel Carles
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Centre hospitalier de l'ouest guyanais, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane
| | | | - Jean-François Carod
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale, Centre hospitalier de l'ouest guyanais, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane
| | | | - Pierre Couppié
- Service de dermatologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Bertrand De Toffol
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Service de neurologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - François Delon
- Laboratoire Eurofins Guyane, site de Kourou, Centre hospitalier de Kourou, Guyane
| | - Magalie Demar
- TBIP (Tropical Biome and ImmunoPhysiopathology), Université de Guyane, Cayenne, Guyane
- Laboratoire hospitalo-universitaire de parasitologie et mycologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée-Rosemon, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Justin Destoop
- Service de dermatologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Maylis Douine
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Jean-Pierre Droz
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 et Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Narcisse Elenga
- Service de pédiatrie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | | | - Yves-Kénol Franck
- Service de cardiologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Alexis Fremery
- Service d'accueil des urgences et SAMU, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Mélanie Gaillet
- Pôle des Centres délocalisés de prévention et de soins, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Hatem Kallel
- Service de réanimation, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | | | - Anne Lavergne
- Laboratoire des interactions virus-hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Paul Le Turnier
- Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Lucas Maisonobe
- Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Céline Michaud
- Pôle des Centres délocalisés de prévention et de soins, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Rémi Mutricy
- Service d'accueil des urgences et SAMU, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | | | | | - Guillaume Odonne
- Laboratoire Écologie, évolution, interactions des systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), CNRS, Université de Guyane, IFREMER, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Lindsay Osei
- Service de pédiatrie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Jean Pujo
- Service d'accueil des urgences et SAMU, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Sébastien Rabier
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- COREVIH (Comité de coordination de la lutte contre les infections sexuellement transmissibles et le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | | | - Cyril Rousseau
- Santé publique France, Cayenne, Guyane
- Pôle des Centres délocalisés de prévention et de soins, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Dominique Rousset
- Laboratoire hospitalo-universitaire de parasitologie et mycologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée-Rosemon, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Nadia Sabbah
- Service d'endocrinologie-diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Vincent Sainte-Rose
- Laboratoire hospitalo-universitaire de parasitologie et mycologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée-Rosemon, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Roxane Schaub
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Karamba Sylla
- Service de médecine, Centre hospitalier de l'ouest guyanais, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane
| | - Marc-Alexandre Tareau
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- Laboratoire Écologie, évolution, interactions des systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), CNRS, Université de Guyane, IFREMER, Cayenne, Guyane
| | | | - Camille Thorey
- Service de médecine, Centre hospitalier de l'ouest guyanais, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane
| | - Véronique Vialette
- Laboratoire Eurofins Guyane, site de Kourou, Centre hospitalier de Kourou, Guyane
| | - Gaëlle Walter
- Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Magaly Zappa
- Service de radiologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Félix Djossou
- Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
| | - Nicolas Vignier
- Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
- COREVIH (Comité de coordination de la lutte contre les infections sexuellement transmissibles et le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane
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Sobotyk C, Baldissera FG, Rodrigues Junior LC, Romão PRT, de Oliveira JS, Dornelles GL, de Andrade CM, Maciel RM, Danesi CC, de Padua Ferreira RV, Bellini MH, de Avila Botton S, Vogel FSF, Sangioni LA. Zinc and Manganese Imbalances in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. Acta Parasitol 2023:10.1007/s11686-023-00666-1. [PMID: 36884141 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical progression of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis infection depends on multiple factors, including immunological status of the host and their genotypic interaction. Several immunological processes depend directly on minerals for an efficient performance. Therefore, this study used an experimental model to investigate the alterations of trace metals in L. amazonensis infection associate with clinical outcome, parasite load, and histopathological lesions, and the effect of CD4 + T cells depletion on these parameters. METHODS A total of 28 BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups: 1-non-infected; 2-treated with anti-CD4 antibody; 3-infected with L. amazonensis; and 4-treated with anti-CD4 antibody and infected with L. amazonensis. After 24 weeks post-infection, levels of calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), Cu, and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy using tissue samples of the spleen, liver, and kidneys. Additionally, parasite burdens were determined in the infected footpad (inoculation site) and samples of inguinal lymph node, spleen, liver, and kidneys were submitted to histopathological analysis. RESULTS Despite no significant difference was observed between groups 3 and 4, L. amazonensis-infected mice had a significant reduction of Zn (65.68-68.32%) and Mn (65.98 to 82.17%) levels. Presence of L. amazonensis amastigotes was also detected in the inguinal lymph node, spleen, and liver samples in all infected animals. CONCLUSION The results showed that significant alterations in micro-elements levels occur in BALB/c mice experimentally infected with L. amazonensis and may increase the susceptibility of individuals to the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Sobotyk
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, PPGMV, UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Giesel Baldissera
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Rodrigues Junior
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Pedro Roosevelt Torres Romão
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lopes Dornelles
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
| | - Roberto Marinho Maciel
- Departamento de Patologia, UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Vicente de Padua Ferreira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular do Câncer, Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Bellini
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular do Câncer, Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, PPGMV, UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, PPGMV, UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Sangioni
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, PPGMV, UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
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7
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Monzote L, González D, Blanco O, Fraga J, Capó V, Herrera A, Montalvo AM. Imported cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Cuba, 2017: role of human movement. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines 2022; 8:15. [PMID: 35773710 PMCID: PMC9248147 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-022-00171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by several species from genus Leishmania. An increase in the number of cases related to human movement has been informed in the last years. Due to the increase of suspicious leishmaniasis cases arriving in Cuba during 2017, a general analysis is presented herein. Methods Clinical samples were collected from 5 patients suspicious of leishmaniasis, received from January to December 2017 at the Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kourí, Cuba. Skin lesion samples were analyzed using different diagnostic assays: direct smear, histological examination, and molecular analysis for species identification. Epidemiological and demographic data were requested from each case and analyzed. Treatment and follow up of patient was also performed. Results Five cases were confirmed as Leishmania infection according to microscopic observation and molecular methods results. PCR-18S, PCR-N/RFLP and PCR-F/RFLP identified the following species: L. panamensis (2 cases), L. braziliensis (1 case), L.panamensis/L.guyanensis (1 case), L. mexicana complex (1 case). In treated patients, drugs were well tolerated, cure were documented and no relapse have been currently reported (3 years later). Conclusions Clinical characteristics, demographic data, and epidemiological features of infection for each case evidence the potential risk related with travel to endemic areas of leishmaniasis. Keyworks Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Epidemiology, Imported cases.
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Pasquier G, Demar M, Lami P, Zribi A, Marty P, Buffet P, Desbois-Nogard N, Gangneux JP, Simon S, Blaizot R, Couppié P, Thiebaut L, Pratlong F, Dedet JP, Bastien P, Sterkers Y, Ravel C, Lachaud L. Leishmaniasis epidemiology in endemic areas of metropolitan France and its overseas territories from 1998 to 2020. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010745. [PMID: 36206322 PMCID: PMC9624409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In France, leishmaniasis is endemic in the Mediterranean region, in French Guiana and to a lesser extent, in the French West Indies. This study wanted to provide an updated picture of leishmaniasis epidemiology in metropolitan France and in its overseas territories. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Leishmaniasis cases were collected by passive notification to the French National Reference Centre for Leishmaniases (NRCL) in Montpellier from 1998 to 2020 and at the associated Centre in Cayenne (French Guiana) from 2003 to 2020. In metropolitan France, 517 autochthonous leishmaniasis cases, mostly visceral forms due to Leishmania infantum (79%), and 1725 imported cases (French Guiana excluded), mainly cutaneous leishmaniasis from Maghreb, were recorded. A slight decrease of autochthonous cases was observed during the survey period, from 0.48 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year in 1999 (highest value) to 0.1 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year in 2017 (lowest value). Conversely, imported cases increased over time (from 59.7 in the 2000s to 94.5 in the 2010s). In French Guiana, 4126 cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis cases were reported from 2003 to 2020. The mean incidence was 103.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year but varied in function of the year (from 198 in 2004 to 54 in 2006). In Guadeloupe and Martinique (French West Indies), only sporadic cases were reported. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Because of concerns about disease expansion and outbreaks in other Southern Europe countries, and leishmaniasis monitoring by the NRCL should be continued and associated with a more active surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Pasquier
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Magalie Demar
- Laboratoire hospitalo-universitaire de parasitologie-mycologie, Laboratoire associé au CNRL, Centre Hospitalier, Cayenne, France
| | - Patrick Lami
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Asma Zribi
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Marty
- Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Pierre Buffet
- zCentre d’Infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nicole Desbois-Nogard
- Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU de la Martinique, Fort de France, France
| | - Jean Pierre Gangneux
- Département de Parasitologie-mycologie, Université de Rennes, CHU de Rennes, Irset, Inserm, EHESP, Rennes, France
| | - Stéphane Simon
- Laboratoire hospitalo-universitaire de parasitologie-mycologie, Laboratoire associé au CNRL, Centre Hospitalier, Cayenne, France
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Service de dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier, Cayenne, France
| | - Pierre Couppié
- Service de dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier, Cayenne, France
| | - Louis Thiebaut
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Francine Pratlong
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Dedet
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Bastien
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Yvon Sterkers
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Ravel
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Lachaud
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, MiVEGEC, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR Leishmania, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Douine M, Bonifay T, Lambert Y, Mutricy L, Galindo MS, Godin A, Bourhy P, Picardeau M, Saout M, Demar M, Sanna A, Mosnier E, Blaizot R, Couppié P, Nacher M, Adenis A, Suarez-Mutis M, Vreden S, Epelboin L, Schaub R. Zoonoses and gold mining: A cross-sectional study to assess yellow fever immunization, Q fever, leptospirosis and leishmaniasis among the population working on illegal mining camps in French Guiana. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010326. [PMID: 35969647 PMCID: PMC9410546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most emerging pathogens are zoonoses and have a wildlife origin. Anthropization and disruption of ecosystems favor the crossing of inter-species barriers. We hypothesize that the marginalized population of undocumented goldminers in the Amazon is at risk of acquiring zoonoses. Method A multicentric cross-sectional study included consenting gold-mining adult workers in 2019. A clinical examination recorded dermatological signs of leishmaniosis and past history of yellow fever vaccination. Biological tests were performed for yellow fever, Q fever and leptospirosis serologies. Additional blood samples from a previous study in 2015 were also tested for leptospirosis. Results In 2019, 380 individuals were included in the study, along with 407 samples from the 2015 biological collection. The seroprevalence of leptospirosis was 31.0% [95%CI = 26.4–35.5] in 2015 and 28.1% [23.5–32.7] in 2019. The seroprevalence of Q fever was 2.9% [1.2–4.6]. The majority of participants reported being vaccinated against yellow fever (93.6%) and 97.9% had seroneutralizing antibodies. The prevalence of suspected active mucocutaneous leishmaniasis was 2.4% [0.8–3.9]. Discussion These unique data shed new light on the transmission cycles of zoonoses still poorly understood in the region. They support the existence of a wild cycle of leptospirosis but not of Q fever. Leishmaniasis prevalence was high because of life conditions and tree felling. High yellow fever vaccine coverage was reassuring in this endemic area. In the era of global health, special attention must be paid to these vulnerable populations in direct contact with the tropical ecosystem and away from the health care system. Many pathogens are zoonotic in origin and human transmission can occur via vector, direct contact, inhalation, absorption, among other routes enabling human-reservoir interaction. In Amazonia, the cycle of these pathogens (the reservoir, the mode of transmission …) is not always well known. It is important to better understand these cycles in order to evaluate and anticipate the potential risk for human health, both on an individual and collective scale (risk of epidemic). In French Guiana, a French territory located in the Amazon, undocumented gold miners represent several thousand people mainly from Brazil who work in very remote areas in the middle of the rainforest. Documenting several zoonotic diseases among this population living in the middle of biodiversity is very valuable to better understand these cycles but also to assess the impact for their own health and to identify risks for public health. This article provides new data for four zoonoses: Q-fever, leptospirosis, leishmaniasis and yellow fever in this population and discusses the contributions to the understanding of cycles and public health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maylis Douine
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques Amazonie, Cayenne, French Guiana
- * E-mail:
| | - Timothée Bonifay
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Yann Lambert
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Louise Mutricy
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Muriel Suzanne Galindo
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Audrey Godin
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pascale Bourhy
- National Reference Center for Leptospirosis, Biology of Spirochetes unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Picardeau
- National Reference Center for Leptospirosis, Biology of Spirochetes unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mona Saout
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- University Laboratory of Mycology-Parasitology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Alice Sanna
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Emilie Mosnier
- Delocalized Health Centers, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Blaizot
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppié
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques Amazonie, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Antoine Adenis
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques Amazonie, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Martha Suarez-Mutis
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Institute Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stephen Vreden
- Foundation for Scientific Research Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Loïc Epelboin
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Roxane Schaub
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- TBIP, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
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10
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Valentin J, Niemetzky F, Gaillet M, Michaud C, Carbunar A, Demar M, Couppie P, Blaizot R. Spectrum of skin diseases in Maroon villages of the Maroni area, French Guiana. Int J Dermatol 2022; 61:1137-1144. [PMID: 35767188 PMCID: PMC9543587 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to their genetic characteristics and their high exposure to infectious diseases, Maroons are likely to suffer from a specific spectrum of skin diseases. However, skin disorders have never been explored in this population. We aimed to describe all skin diseases in Maroon villages of the Maroni region in French Guiana. METHODS This retrospective study concerned all patients who consulted in the remote health centers of Apatou, Grand-Santi, Papaichton, and Maripasoula between October 5, 2017, and June 30, 2020. We included all patients registered with a skin disorder (International Classification of Diseases) in the medical database. We excluded patients whose diagnosis was invalidated after cross-checking by a dermatologist. RESULTS A total of 4741 patients presented at least one skin disease, for 6058 different disorders. Nonsexually transmitted infections represented 71.6% of all diagnoses, followed by inflammatory diseases (9.8%) and bites/envenomations (4.6%). The three most frequent conditions were scabies, abscesses, and impetigo. Besides scabies, neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) were still prevalent as we reported 13 cases of leprosy and 63 cutaneous leishmaniasis. Atopic dermatitis (AD) represented only 2.5% of our diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS With the exception of AD, which was less frequent among Maroons, these results are similar to those previously reported in Amerindians. Therefore, a common exposure to rainforest pathogens seems to induce a common spectrum of skin diseases dominated by infections. The high prevalence of NTDs requires specific public health actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Valentin
- Dermatology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Florence Niemetzky
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Melanie Gaillet
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Celine Michaud
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Aurel Carbunar
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- Tropical Biome and Immunophysiopathology (TBIP), Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Laboratory of Parasitology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppie
- Dermatology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Tropical Biome and Immunophysiopathology (TBIP), Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Dermatology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Tropical Biome and Immunophysiopathology (TBIP), Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
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Houël E, Ginouves M, Azas N, Bourreau E, Eparvier V, Hutter S, Knittel-Obrecht A, Jahn-Oyac A, Prévot G, Villa P, Vonthron-Sénécheau C, Odonne G. Treating leishmaniasis in Amazonia, part 2: Multi-target evaluation of widely used plants to understand medicinal practices. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115054. [PMID: 35131338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leishmaniasis are widely distributed among tropical and subtropical countries, and remains a crucial health issue in Amazonia. Indigenous groups across Amazonia have developed abundant knowledge about medicinal plants related to this pathology. AIM OF THE STUDY We intent to explore the weight of different pharmacological activities driving taxa selection for medicinal use in Amazonian communities. Our hypothesis is that specific activity against Leishmania parasites is only one factor along other (anti-inflammatory, wound healing, immunomodulating, antimicrobial) activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The twelve most widespread plant species used against leishmaniasis in Amazonia, according to their cultural and biogeographical importance determined through a wide bibliographical survey (475 use reports), were selected for this study. Plant extracts were prepared to mimic their traditional preparations. Antiparasitic activity was evaluated against promastigotes of reference and clinical New-World strains of Leishmania (L. guyanensis, L. braziliensis and L. amazonensis) and L. amazonensis intracellular amastigotes. We concurrently assessed the extracts immunomodulatory properties on PHA-stimulated human PBMCs and RAW264.7 cells, and on L. guyanensis antigens-stimulated PBMCs obtained from Leishmania-infected patients, as well as antifungal activity and wound healing properties (human keratinocyte migration assay) of the selected extracts. The cytotoxicity of the extracts against various cell lines (HFF1, THP-1, HepG2, PBMCs, RAW264.7 and HaCaT cells) was also considered. The biological activity pattern of the extracts was represented through PCA analysis, and a correlation matrix was calculated. RESULTS Spondias mombin L. bark and Anacardium occidentale L. stem and leaves extracts displayed high anti-promatigotes activity, with IC50 ≤ 32 μg/mL against L. guyanensis promastigotes for S. mombin and IC50 of 67 and 47 μg/mL against L. braziliensis and L. guyanensis promastigotes, respectively, for A. occidentale. In addition to the antiparasitic effect, antifungal activity measured against C. albicans and T. rubrum (MIC in the 16-64 μg/mL range) was observed. However, in the case of Leishmania amastigotes, the most active species were Bixa orellana L. (seeds), Chelonantus alatus (Aubl.) Pulle (leaves), Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D. Don. (leaves) and Plantago major L. (leaves) with IC50 < 20 μg/mL and infection rates of 14-25% compared to the control. Concerning immunomodulatory activity, P. major and B. orellana were highlighted as the most potent species for the wider range of cytokines in all tested conditions despite overall contrasting results depending on the model. Most of the species led to moderate to low cytotoxic extracts except for C. alatus, which exhibited strong cytotoxic activity in almost all models. None of the tested extracts displayed wound healing properties. CONCLUSIONS We highlighted pharmacologically active extracts either on the parasite or on associated pathophysiological aspects, thus supporting the hypothesis that antiparasitic activities are not the only biological factor useful for antileishmanial evaluation. This result should however be supplemented by in vivo studies, and attracts once again the attention on the importance of the choice of biological models for an ethnophamacologically consistent study. Moreover, plant cultural importance, ecological status and availability were discussed in relation with biological results, thus contributing to link ethnobotany, medical anthropology and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Houël
- CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97300, Cayenne, France.
| | - Marine Ginouves
- TBIP, Université de Guyane, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Nadine Azas
- Aix Marseille Univ, IHU Méditerranée Infection, UMR VITROME, Tropical Eukaryotic Pathogens, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Eliane Bourreau
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 23 Avenue Pasteur, BP6010, 97306, Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Véronique Eparvier
- CNRS - Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Hutter
- Aix Marseille Univ, IHU Méditerranée Infection, UMR VITROME, Tropical Eukaryotic Pathogens, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Adeline Knittel-Obrecht
- Plate-forme de Chimie Biologique Intégrative de Strasbourg UAR 3286 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, ESBS Pôle API, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Jahn-Oyac
- CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97300, Cayenne, France
| | - Ghislaine Prévot
- TBIP, Université de Guyane, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Pascal Villa
- Plate-forme de Chimie Biologique Intégrative de Strasbourg UAR 3286 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, ESBS Pôle API, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Vonthron-Sénécheau
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique UMR 7200 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Odonne
- Laboratoire Ecologie, évolution, interactions des systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), CNRS, Université de Guyane, IFREMER, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana
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12
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Henry K, Mayet A, Hernandez M, Frechard G, Blanc PA, Schmitt M, André N, Loreau JM, Ginouves M, Prévot G, Couppié P, Demar M, Blaizot R. Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis among military personnel in French Guiana, 2020: Clinical, phylogenetic, individual and environmental aspects. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009938. [PMID: 34797836 PMCID: PMC8641862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in French Guiana but cases are usually sporadic. An outbreak signal was issued on May 15th 2020 with 15 suspected cases after a military training course in the rainforest. An outbreak investigation was carried out. Methodology/Principal findings Thirty cases were confirmed. Leishmania guyanensis was the most frequent species (90%). The most frequent presentation was ulcerative (90%). Lesions on the face and hands were frequent (40% each). Eight cases (26%) presented a poor outcome after treatment with pentamidine and required a second line with amphotericin B. Three of them required further treatments with meglumine antimoniate or miltefosine. Two spots within the training area were deemed as likely sites of contamination, due to illegal logging. The isolated Leishmania strains did not form a separate cluster. Participation in Week 13 of year 2020 was associated with infection (OR = 4.59 [1.10–19.83]; p = 0.016) while undergoing only the “Fighting” exercise was protective (OR = 0.1 [0–0.74]; p = 0.021). There was no association between infection and other risk factors at the individual level. The attack rate of Regiment B (14/105 = 13.3%) was significantly higher (OR = 4.22 [1.84–9.53], p = 0.0001) compared to Regiment A (16/507 = 3.2%). The attack rate during this training course (30/858 = 3.5%) was significantly higher (OR 2.29 [1.28–4.13]; p = 0.002) than for other missions in French Guiana during the same period (22/1427 = 1.5%). Conclusions This outbreak could be explained by a combination of factors: climatic conditions around week 13, at-risk activities including night trainings, absence of impregnation, a lesser experience of rainforest duties in Regiment B and illegal logging attracting sandflies on military training grounds. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is caused by parasites of the Leishmania genus and infects humans after a sandfly bite. Outbreaks are rare and hard to investigate in isolated tropical areas. In this study, the authors explored the different possible origins of an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis among soldiers training in the rainforest of French Guiana. The outbreak occurred in March 2020. Concerning the symptoms, several patients presented resistant infections and multiple lines of treatment, raising the issue of resistant Leishmania strains. The different strains isolated during the outbreak were not genetically closed, as far as routine PCR techniques would indicate. The authors looked for individual behaviours exposing soldiers to sandfly bites but none was significantly associated with infection. The authors found two spots in the military training areas where illegal logging probably increased the density of sandflies and put service members at risk. The 13th week of 2020 was associated to a higher risk of infection due to climatic conditions. This study shows how interactions between humans and the rainforest can increase the risk of parasitic outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Henry
- Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Aurélie Mayet
- French Military Health Service—Armed Forces Epidemiology and Public Health Center, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Economic and Social Sciences of Health and Medical Information Processing, Marseille, France
| | - Miguel Hernandez
- Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, associate laboratory, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Guillaume Frechard
- French Military Health Service—Kourou Medical Center, Kourou, French Guiana
| | | | - Marion Schmitt
- French Military Health Service—Cayenne Medical Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Nathalie André
- French Military Health Service—Inter Army Directorate of the Armed Forces Health Service, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Jean-Marie Loreau
- French Military Health Service—Armed Forces Epidemiology and Public Health Center, Marseille, France
| | - Marine Ginouves
- UMR 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immuno-Physiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Ghislaine Prévot
- UMR 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immuno-Physiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019—UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Couppié
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, associate laboratory, Cayenne, French Guiana
- UMR 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immuno-Physiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Dermatology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, associate laboratory, Cayenne, French Guiana
- UMR 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immuno-Physiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Blaizot
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis, associate laboratory, Cayenne, French Guiana
- UMR 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immuno-Physiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Dermatology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- * E-mail:
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13
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Amahmid O, El Guamri Y, Zenjari K, Bouhout S, Ait Moh M, Boraam F, Ait Melloul A, Benfaida H, Bouhoum K, Belghyti D. Epidemiological features of cutaneous leishmaniasis in diagnosed patients from an endemic area (central Morocco). J Parasit Dis 2021; 45:762-768. [PMID: 34475658 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-021-01357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis represents the most neglected tropical disease across the world. In Morocco, this disease is endemic and constitutes a major public health problem, with a national control program been implemented. The current study aimed to determine the pattern and epidemiological features of cutaneous leishmaniasis in affected patients in an area covered by the CL control and prevention program (Central Morocco). A total of 161 patients suspected for cutaneous leishmaniasis were diagnosed according to WHO laboratory methods, and 82 cases were confirmed positive for CL. The reports were analysed by patients' socio-geographic status, gender and age. The number and distribution of CL lesions by location, gender and age were investigated. Overall the confirmed cases, 89 % were infected by Leishmania tropica versus 21 % for Leishmania major. Females were significantly more affected than males (p < 0.01). Children (0-15 years), especially those ≤ 7 years of age, were the most affected. For the distribution of lesions, single lesion cases were largely preponderant (70.7 %) compared to multiple lesions. Face location was significantly more frequent (62.2 %) compared to limbs (26.8 %). Face lesions were found more prevalent in children than in adults while limb lesions were highly observed in adults. The pattern of the disease is affected by many factors (e.g. environment, gender, age, etc.) and has specifics to be considered in prevention and control programs in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Amahmid
- Biology Unit, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Regional Centre for Careers of Education and Training, CRMEF-Marrakech-Safi, Avenue Mozdalifa, P.O. Box 797, 40090 Marrakesh, Morocco.,Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Parasitology and Aquatic Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco.,Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Kenitra, Ibn Tofaïl University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Youssef El Guamri
- Biology Unit, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Regional Centre for Careers of Education and Training, CRMEF-Marrakech-Safi, Avenue Mozdalifa, P.O. Box 797, 40090 Marrakesh, Morocco.,Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Kenitra, Ibn Tofaïl University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Khalid Zenjari
- Regional Direction of Health Marrakesh-Safi, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Souad Bouhout
- Service of Parasitic Diseases, Direction of Epidemiology and Diseases Control (DELM), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ait Moh
- Regional Direction of Health Marrakesh-Safi, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Fatima Boraam
- Regional Direction of Health Marrakesh-Safi, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Ait Melloul
- Regional Laboratory of Epidemiological Diagnostic and Environmental Hygiene (LRDEHM), Marrakesh-Safi, Morocco
| | - Hilal Benfaida
- Regional Laboratory of Epidemiological Diagnostic and Environmental Hygiene (LRDEHM), Marrakesh-Safi, Morocco
| | - Khadija Bouhoum
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Parasitology and Aquatic Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Driss Belghyti
- Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Kenitra, Ibn Tofaïl University, Kenitra, Morocco
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14
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Jagadesh S, Combe M, Ginouvès M, Simon S, Prévot G, Couppié P, Nacher M, Gozlan RE. Spatial variations in Leishmaniasis: A biogeographic approach to mapping the distribution of Leishmania species. One Health 2021; 13:100307. [PMID: 34430698 PMCID: PMC8368019 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is the most prevalent form of Leishmaniasis and is widely endemic in the Americas. Several species of Leishmania are responsible for CL, a severely neglected tropical disease and the treatment of CL vary according to the different species of Leishmania. We proposed to map the distribution of the Leishmania species reported in French Guiana (FG) using a biogeographic approach based on environmental predictors. We also measured species endemism i.e., the uniqueness of species to a defined geographic location. Our results show that the distribution patterns varied between Leishmania spp. and were spatially dependent on climatic covariates. The species distribution modelling of the eco-epidemiological spatial patterns of Leishmania spp. is the first to measure endemism based on bioclimatic factors in FG. The study also emphasizes the impact of tree cover loss and climate on the increasing distribution of L. (Viannia) braziliensis in the most anthropized regions. Detection of high-risk regions for the different between Leishmania spp. is essential for monitoring and active surveillance of the vector. As climate plays a major role in the spatial distribution of the vector and reservoir and the survival of the pathogen, climatic covariates should be included in the analysis and mapping of vector-borne diseases. This study underscores the significance of local land management and the urgency of considering the impact of climate change in the development of vector-borne disease management strategies at the global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soushieta Jagadesh
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Corresponding author at: ISPM, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Marine Combe
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Marine Ginouvès
- Equipe TBIP Tropical Biome and Immunophysiopathology, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses - Laboratoire Associé, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, 97304 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Stéphane Simon
- Equipe TBIP Tropical Biome and Immunophysiopathology, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses - Laboratoire Associé, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, 97304 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Ghislaine Prévot
- Equipe TBIP Tropical Biome and Immunophysiopathology, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana
- Univ. de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Pierre Couppié
- Equipe TBIP Tropical Biome and Immunophysiopathology, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana
- Univ. de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, 97304 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Equipe TBIP Tropical Biome and Immunophysiopathology, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana
- Univ. de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Centre d'investigation Clinique (CIC Inserm 1424), Centre hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, 97304 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
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15
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de Thoisy B, Duron O, Epelboin L, Musset L, Quénel P, Roche B, Binetruy F, Briolant S, Carvalho L, Chavy A, Couppié P, Demar M, Douine M, Dusfour I, Epelboin Y, Flamand C, Franc A, Ginouvès M, Gourbière S, Houël E, Kocher A, Lavergne A, Le Turnier P, Mathieu L, Murienne J, Nacher M, Pelleau S, Prévot G, Rousset D, Roux E, Schaub R, Talaga S, Thill P, Tirera S, Guégan JF. Ecology, evolution, and epidemiology of zoonotic and vector-borne infectious diseases in French Guiana: Transdisciplinarity does matter to tackle new emerging threats. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 93:104916. [PMID: 34004361 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
French Guiana is a European ultraperipheric region located on the northern Atlantic coast of South America. It constitutes an important forested region for biological conservation in the Neotropics. Although very sparsely populated, with its inhabitants mainly concentrated on the Atlantic coastal strip and along the two main rivers, it is marked by the presence and development of old and new epidemic disease outbreaks, both research and health priorities. In this review paper, we synthetize 15 years of multidisciplinary and integrative research at the interface between wildlife, ecosystem modification, human activities and sociodemographic development, and human health. This study reveals a complex epidemiological landscape marked by important transitional changes, facilitated by increased interconnections between wildlife, land-use change and human occupation and activity, human and trade transportation, demography with substantial immigration, and identified vector and parasite pharmacological resistance. Among other French Guianese characteristics, we demonstrate herein the existence of more complex multi-host disease life cycles than previously described for several disease systems in Central and South America, which clearly indicates that today the greater promiscuity between wildlife and humans due to demographic and economic pressures may offer novel settings for microbes and their hosts to circulate and spread. French Guiana is a microcosm that crystallizes all the current global environmental, demographic and socioeconomic change conditions, which may favor the development of ancient and future infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît de Thoisy
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana.
| | - Olivier Duron
- UMR MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Centre IRD de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Centre de Recherche en Écologie et Évolution de la Santé, Montpellier, France
| | - Loïc Epelboin
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Lise Musset
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre Collaborateur OMS Pour La Surveillance Des Résistances Aux Antipaludiques, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle zones Endémiques, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Philippe Quénel
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR-S 1085 Rennes, France
| | - Benjamin Roche
- UMR MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Centre IRD de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Centre de Recherche en Écologie et Évolution de la Santé, Montpellier, France
| | - Florian Binetruy
- UMR MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Centre IRD de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Briolant
- Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Université, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, UMR Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Agathe Chavy
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppié
- Dermatology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- TBIP, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Maylis Douine
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Isabelle Dusfour
- Département de Santé Globale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Yanouk Epelboin
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Claude Flamand
- Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR 2000, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Alain Franc
- UMR BIOGECO, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, Cestas, France; Pleiade, EPC INRIA-INRAE-CNRS, Université de Bordeaux Talence, France
| | - Marine Ginouvès
- TBIP, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Gourbière
- UMR 5096 Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
| | - Emeline Houël
- CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France
| | - Arthur Kocher
- Transmission, Infection, Diversification & Evolution Group, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany; Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR 5174), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Lavergne
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Paul Le Turnier
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôtel Dieu - INSERM CIC 1413, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Luana Mathieu
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR-S 1085 Rennes, France
| | - Jérôme Murienne
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR 5174), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Stéphane Pelleau
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR-S 1085 Rennes, France; Malaria: Parasites and Hosts, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ghislaine Prévot
- TBIP, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Rousset
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Emmanuel Roux
- ESPACE-DEV (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de la Réunion, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; International Joint Laboratory "Sentinela" Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Universidade de Brasília, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Rio de Janeiro RJ-21040-900, Brazil
| | - Roxane Schaub
- TBIP, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Stanislas Talaga
- UMR MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Centre IRD de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pauline Thill
- Service Universitaire des Maladies Infectieuses et du Voyageur, Centre Hospitalier Dron, Tourcoing, France
| | - Sourakhata Tirera
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Jean-François Guégan
- UMR MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Centre IRD de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; UMR ASTRE, INRAE, CIRAD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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16
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Menu E, Blaizot R, Mary C, Simon S, Adenis A, Blanchet D, L'Ollivier C, Ranque S, Demar M. Immunoblot for the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in French Guiana. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 104:2091-2096. [PMID: 33939643 PMCID: PMC8176500 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is firmly established in South America. We aimed to assess the detection of IgG antibodies against 14 and/or 16 kDa antigens by immunoblot (IB) for CL serological diagnosis in French Guiana, an area where many endemic pathogens could interfere with it. This study was performed retrospectively on sera from 141 patients at the Cayenne tertiary hospital: 30 were patients with confirmed CL, 71 were diagnosed with various other endemic pathogens, 11 were diagnosed with an autoimmune disease, and 29 controls had no history of CL. Antibodies bound to the 14 and/or 16 kDa antigens in 27 of the 30 CL patients' sera and in 39 of the 111 non-CL patients' sera (26 from the infectious diseases group, four from the autoimmune diseases group, and nine from the dermatology department). The method tested showed a high sensitivity (90%) and a low specificity (66%), and a diagnosis odds ratio of 17.5 (95% CI [4.6-78.0]). This IB may be helpful to exclude the diagnosis of CL, prompting physicians to look for another diagnosis in the case of a negative IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Menu
- 1Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.,2Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, French Guiana.,3Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, UMR Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France
| | - Romain Blaizot
- 4Department of Dermatology, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.,5EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Charles Mary
- 2Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, French Guiana.,3Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, UMR Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Simon
- 1Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.,5EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Antoine Adenis
- 7Department of Internal Medicine, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Denis Blanchet
- 1Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.,5EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Coralie L'Ollivier
- 2Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, French Guiana.,3Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, UMR Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Ranque
- 2Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, French Guiana.,3Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, UMR Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France
| | - Magalie Demar
- 1Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.,5EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
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17
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Bertin C, Drak Alsibai K, Demar M, Couppié P, Blaizot R. First description of bullous lupus associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis: coincidence or trigger? Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:896-898. [PMID: 33742443 PMCID: PMC8252407 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Bertin
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Kinan Drak Alsibai
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana.,UMR 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immuno-Pathophysiology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, avenue des Flamboyants, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Associate Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, avenue des Flamboyants, National Reference Center (CNR) for Leishmaniasis, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppié
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana.,UMR 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immuno-Pathophysiology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, avenue des Flamboyants, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Associate Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, avenue des Flamboyants, National Reference Center (CNR) for Leishmaniasis, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana.,UMR 1019 Tropical Biomes and Immuno-Pathophysiology, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, avenue des Flamboyants, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Associate Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, avenue des Flamboyants, National Reference Center (CNR) for Leishmaniasis, Cayenne, French Guiana
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18
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Validation of Swab Sampling and SYBR Green-Based Real-Time PCR for the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in French Guiana. J Clin Microbiol 2021; 59:JCM.02218-20. [PMID: 33148706 PMCID: PMC8111157 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02218-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the interest in noninvasive sampling procedures coupled with real-time PCR methods for the detection of Leishmania species in South America. In French Guiana, the sampling method still relied on skin biopsies. Noninvasive protocols should be tested on a large annual cohort to improve routine laboratory diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of a new Leishmania detection and species identification protocol involving cotton swabs and SYBR green-based real-time PCR of the Hsp70 gene, coupled with Sanger sequencing. Between May 2017 and May 2018, 145 patients with ulcerated lesions compatible with cutaneous leishmaniasis were included in the study at the Cayenne Hospital and its remote health centers. Each patient underwent scrapings for a smear, skin biopsies for parasite culture and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) (RNA polymerase II), and sampling with a cotton swab for SYBR green-based PCR. The most accurate diagnostic test was the SYBR green-based PCR on swab samples, showing 98% sensitivity. The mean PCR cycle threshold (CT ) was 24.4 (minimum CT , 17; maximum CT , 36) and was <35 in 97.6% of samples. All samples positive by SYBR green-based real-time PCR were successfully identified at the species level by DNA sequencing. This new method should be considered for routine diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in South America and especially for remote areas, since noninvasive collection tools are easier to use and require fewer precautions for transportation.
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Kassiri H, Dehghani R, Khodkar I, Karami S. A comprehensive overview on sandfly fever. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-6189.316673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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Gonçalves LP, Santos TVD, Campos MB, Lima LVDR, Ishikawa EAY, Silveira FT, Ramos PKS. Further insights into the eco-epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Belem metropolitan region, Pará State, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020; 53:e20200255. [PMID: 33331607 PMCID: PMC7747830 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0255-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In the Belém Metropolitan Region (BMR), Pará State, Brazil, American
cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is endemic; however, very little is known
regarding its causative agents. Therefore, we used our standard diagnostic
approach combined with an RNA polymerase II largest subunit
(RNAPOIILS)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by analysis of
restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to identify
Leishmania spp. ACL agents in this region. METHODS: Thirty-two Leishmania spp. isolates from patients with ACL
in the BMR during 1995-2018 were analyzed. Leishmania spp.
DNA samples were amplified using the primers RPOR2/RPOF2, and the 615-bp PCR
products were subjected to enzymatic digestion using TspRI
and HgaI endonucleases. RESULTS: ACL etiological agents in the BMR comprised Leishmania (Viannia)
lindenbergi (43.7%) followed by Leishmania (Viannia)
lainsoni (34.4%), Leishmania (Leishmania)
amazonensis (12.5%), and Leishmania (Viannia)
braziliensis (9.4%). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, the results of the study revealed for the first time that
L. (V.) lindenbergi and L. (V.)
lainsoni are the main ACL agents in BMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Pantoja Gonçalves
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Leishmanioses 'Prof. Dr. Ralph Lainson', Seção de Parasitologia, Ananindeua, PA, Brasil
| | - Thiago Vasconcelos Dos Santos
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Leishmanioses 'Prof. Dr. Ralph Lainson', Seção de Parasitologia, Ananindeua, PA, Brasil
| | - Marliane Batista Campos
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Leishmanioses 'Prof. Dr. Ralph Lainson', Seção de Parasitologia, Ananindeua, PA, Brasil
| | - Luciana Vieira do Rêgo Lima
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Leishmanioses 'Prof. Dr. Ralph Lainson', Seção de Parasitologia, Ananindeua, PA, Brasil
| | | | - Fernando Tobias Silveira
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Leishmanioses 'Prof. Dr. Ralph Lainson', Seção de Parasitologia, Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Pará, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Karla Santos Ramos
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Leishmanioses 'Prof. Dr. Ralph Lainson', Seção de Parasitologia, Ananindeua, PA, Brasil
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21
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Ducharme O, Simon S, Ginouves M, Prévot G, Couppie P, Demar M, Blaizot R. Leishmania naiffi and lainsoni in French Guiana: Clinical features and phylogenetic variability. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008380. [PMID: 32797078 PMCID: PMC7449503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In French Guiana, five species are associated with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Though infections with Leishmania guyanensis, L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (L.) amazonensis have been extensively described, there are few available clinical and genetic data on L. (V.) lainsoni and L. (V.) naiffi. We determined the clinical and epidemiological features of all cases of CL due to L. (V.) naiffi and L. (V.) lainsoni diagnosed in French Guiana between 2003 and 2019. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by sequencing a portion of HSP70 and cyt b genes. Five cases of L. naiffi and 25 cases of L. lainsoni were reported. Patients infected by L. (V.) lainsoni were usually infected on gold camps, mostly along the Maroni river (60%), while L. naiffi was observed in French patients infected on the coast (100%). A high number of pediatric cases (n = 5; 20%) was observed for L. (V.) lainsoni. A mild clinical course was observed for all cases of L. (V.) naiffi. HSP70 and cyt b partial nucleotide sequence analysis revealed different geographical clusters within L. (V.) naiffi and L. (V.) lainsoni but no association were found between phylogenetic and clinical features. Our data suggest distinct socio-epidemiological features for these two Leishmania species. Patients seem to get infected with L. (V.) naiffi during leisure activities in anthropized coastal areas, while L. (V.) lainsoni shares common features with L. (V.) guyanensis and braziliensis and seems to be acquired during professional activities in primary forest regions. Phylogenetic analysis has provided information on the intraspecific genetic variability of L. (V.) naiffi and L. (V.) lainsoni and how these genotypes are distributed at the geographic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Ducharme
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Stéphane Simon
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Marine Ginouves
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Ghislaine Prévot
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppie
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, laboratoire associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, laboratoire associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, laboratoire associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
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22
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Malmontet T, Guarmit B, Gaillet M, Michaud C, Garceran N, Chanlin R, Demar M, Couppie P, Blaizot R. Spectrum of skin diseases in Amerindian villages of the Upper Oyapock, French Guiana. Int J Dermatol 2020; 59:599-605. [PMID: 32227343 PMCID: PMC7217172 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Due to their genetic characteristics, their isolation in rainforest areas, and their traditional way of life, Amerindian populations are likely to suffer from a specific spectrum of dermatoses. However, there are few available data on such skin disorders. Our aims were to describe all skin disorders in two Amerindian villages of French Guiana. Methods This retrospective study concerned all patients who consulted in the Health Centres of Camopi and Trois‐Sauts between July 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018. We included all patients classified with an ICD code linked to a skin disorder. All medical records were cross‐checked by two dermatologists to correct misclassifications. Results A total of 639 patients formed the study population, for 866 different skin disorders. Non‐sexually transmitted infections represented 57.6% of all skin disorders, followed by eczema (11.5%) and bites/envenomations (9.1%). Bacteria were responsible for 238 skin infections, followed by fungi (141 cases) and parasites (69 cases, including 43 scabies, nine cutaneous leishmaniasis, and two tungiasis). We reported a low prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (10 cases) and an absence of skin cancers. Conclusions This study revealed the absence of skin cancer in the Amerindian population of the Upper Oyapock and the important burden of infectious and animal‐related diseases. Future studies should assess a possible underestimation of sexually transmitted diseases in this area. Public health policies should target neglected diseases such as cutaneous leishmaniasis, tungiasis, scabies, and envenomations. Atopic dermatitis was a significant and unexpected cause of consultations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Malmontet
- Dermatology Department, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Basma Guarmit
- Health Centres for Remote Areas, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Melanie Gaillet
- Health Centres for Remote Areas, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Celine Michaud
- Health Centres for Remote Areas, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Nicolas Garceran
- Health Centres for Remote Areas, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Chanlin
- Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.,EA 3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppie
- Dermatology Department, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.,EA 3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Dermatology Department, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.,EA 3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
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23
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Miranda LDFC, Pacheco RDS, Pimentel MIF, Salgueiro MDM, da Silva AF, de Mello CX, Barros JHDS, Valete-Rosalino CM, Madeira MDF, Xavier SCDC, Schubach ADO. Geospatial analysis of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil from 2000 to 2015: Species typing and flow of travelers and migrants with leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007748. [PMID: 31730650 PMCID: PMC6857848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We identified the species of Leishmania isolated from traveling and migrant patients attended in a reference center from 2000 to 2015, we performed the georeferencing of these species in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) state and we had knowledge about the human flows between the likely location of infection (LLI) and place of residence (PR) in RJ state, Brazil. Methodology/Principal findings This is a retrospective cross-sectional study including 171 patients diagnosed with ATL. Google Maps, OpenStreetMap, and Bing Maps were tools used to georeference LLI and PR. For etiological identification, we used isoenzyme electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (molecular target hsp70C with restriction enzymes HaeIII and BstUI), and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA. ARCGIS software was used to create maps of the geographic distribution of Leishmania species in the state and municipality of RJ, together with flows between the LLI and PR. Isolates from 104 patients were identified as: L. (Viannia) braziliensis (80.8%), L. (V.) naiffi (7.7%), L. (V.) guyanensis (6.7%), L. (Leishmania) amazonensis (1%), and genetic variants of L. (V.) braziliensis (3.8%). The flow maps showed that the LLI included 4 countries, 19 Brazilian states, and 18 municipalities of RJ state. The Brazilian states with the highest density of cases were Amazonas (n = 32), Bahia (n = 18), and Ceará (n = 15). Conclusions/Significance This work is the first contribution to the knowledge of the routes of Leishmania species introduced in RJ state by migrants and travelers patients. L. (V.) braziliensis, L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) naiffi, L. (L.) amazonensis, and genetic variants of L. (V.) braziliensis were identified in RJ state. To determine whether the autochthonous transmission of these imported species is possible it is necessary the adaptation of these species to environmental conditions as well as the presence of reservoirs and phlebotomine vectors in this region. Leishmaniasis is one of the most important neglected parasitic diseases in humans worldwide. American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which are injected into the skin by small insects known by sandflies. Many different Leishmania species may cause ATL, which can affect the skin and/or oral and nasal mucosa. In this study, we analyzed flows between the likely location of infection (LLI) and the place of residence (PR) in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) state and identified Leishmania species isolated from travelers and migrants attended between 2000 and 2015 in a reference hospital for the care of patients with ATL. This work is the first contribution to knowledge about the routes of Leishmania species introduced to RJ state by migrant and traveling patients. In addition to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, which was the most common species, other species have also been introduced to RJ state, including L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) naiffi, L. (Leishmania) amazonensis, and genetic variants of L. (V.) braziliensis. Knowledge of the migratory flow and geographic location of these imported Leishmania species may contribute to the surveillance and control of ATL in RJ state, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana de Freitas Campos Miranda
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Raquel da Silva Pacheco
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariza de Matos Salgueiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline Fagundes da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Xavier de Mello
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Maria Valete-Rosalino
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Madeira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Armando de Oliveira Schubach
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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24
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Loiseau R, Nabet C, Simon S, Ginouves M, Brousse P, Blanchet D, Demar M, Couppie P, Blaizot R. American cutaneous leishmaniasis in French Guiana: an epidemiological update and study of environmental risk factors. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:1323-1328. [PMID: 31524286 PMCID: PMC6900021 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is endemic in French Guiana. Its epidemiology is evolving, notably because of immigration, anthropization of natural areas, and new microbiological methods. Our first objective was to update epidemiological data. Our second objective was to look for risk factors of ACL. Methods This multicentric study was conducted from October 2017 to June 2018 in French Guiana. Patients with suspicion of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis were included in case of positive smear, culture, or PCR‐RFLP on skin biopsy. Results One hundred and twenty‐three patients met the inclusion criteria. Among those patients, 59.3% were Brazilian, mostly gold miners. Most of them (58%) were between 16 and 40 years old, and 69% were male. A large proportion of patients lived in traditional wooden houses (51%). Patients living in coastal towns were usually infected during trips to the primary forest (60%) and had a shorter time to diagnosis than workers of the hinterland. Among environmental risk factors, the presence of a water spring (40%) and dogs around houses (40%) were frequently reported. Leishmania guyanensis represented 80% of cases, followed by Leishmania braziliensis (6%), Leishmania naiffi (2%), and Leishmania amazonensis (1%). Conclusions Gold mining and trips to the primary forest represent high‐risk situations for ACL in French Guiana, where the population of infected patients is dominated by Brazilian immigrants. Possible environmental risk factors such as the presence of dogs, water sources, and traditional wooden houses require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Loiseau
- Département de Médecine Générale, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Cecile Nabet
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, Laboratoire Associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Simon
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Marine Ginouves
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Paul Brousse
- Pôle des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Denis Blanchet
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, Laboratoire Associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Magalie Demar
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, Laboratoire Associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Couppie
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, Laboratoire Associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Equipe EA3593, Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Centre National de Référence des Leishmanioses, Laboratoire Associé, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.,Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
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Chavy A, Ferreira Dales Nava A, Luz SLB, Ramírez JD, Herrera G, Vasconcelos dos Santos T, Ginouves M, Demar M, Prévot G, Guégan JF, de Thoisy B. Ecological niche modelling for predicting the risk of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Neotropical moist forest biome. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007629. [PMID: 31412022 PMCID: PMC6693739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge of eco-epidemiology is to determine which factors promote the transmission of infectious diseases and to establish risk maps that can be used by public health authorities. The geographic predictions resulting from ecological niche modelling have been widely used for modelling the future dispersion of vectors based on the occurrence records and the potential prevalence of the disease. The establishment of risk maps for disease systems with complex cycles such as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) can be very challenging due to the many inference networks between large sets of host and vector species, with considerable heterogeneity in disease patterns in space and time. One novelty in the present study is the use of human CL cases to predict the risk of leishmaniasis occurrence in response to anthropogenic, climatic and environmental factors at two different scales, in the Neotropical moist forest biome (Amazonian basin and surrounding forest ecosystems) and in the surrounding region of French Guiana. With a consistent data set never used before and a conceptual and methodological framework for interpreting data cases, we obtained risk maps with high statistical support. The predominantly identified human CL risk areas are those where the human impact on the environment is significant, associated with less contributory climatic and ecological factors. For both models this study highlights the importance of considering the anthropogenic drivers for disease risk assessment in human, although CL is mainly linked to the sylvatic and peri-urban cycle in Meso and South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Chavy
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Medicine Department, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Alessandra Ferreira Dales Nava
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, EDTA Instituto Lêonidas e Maria Deane, FIOCRUZ, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Sergio Luiz Bessa Luz
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, EDTA Instituto Lêonidas e Maria Deane, FIOCRUZ, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Giovanny Herrera
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Thiago Vasconcelos dos Santos
- Parasitology Unit, Instituto Evandro Chagas (Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde), Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Marine Ginouves
- Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Medicine Department, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- Laboratoire Associé du CNR Leishmaniose, Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Ghislaine Prévot
- Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Medicine Department, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Jean-François Guégan
- Unité Mixte de Recherche MIVEGEC, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche ASTRE Cirad-INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Benoît de Thoisy
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
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Medkour H, Davoust B, Levasseur A, Mediannikov O. Molecular Evidence of Leishmania infantum and Leishmania guyanensis in Red Howler Monkey ( Alouatta seniculus) from French Guiana. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2019; 19:896-900. [PMID: 31314697 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Presence of Leishmania spp. was evaluated in the blood of nine red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) from a specific area of French Guiana, located in the northeast of the Amazon. The molecular detection was performed based on PCR targeting the markers 18S rRNA, kDNA and ITS2 genes, as well as rapid immunomigration tests. Two monkeys were positive for Leishmania infantum and one for Leishmania guyanensis. While L. guyanensis cutaneous leishmaniasis is common, visceral leishmaniasis (human and canine) caused by L. infantum has never been described in this area. The howler monkey proved to be a sentinel and a potential reservoir of a serious zoonosis. These results must be carefully considered by public health officials and veterinarians in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacène Medkour
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Davoust
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Oleg Mediannikov
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Vasconcelos dos Santos T, de Pita-Pereira D, Araújo-Pereira T, Britto C, Silveira FT, Póvoa MM, Rangel EF. Leishmania DNA detection and species characterization within phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a peridomicile-forest gradient in an Amazonian/Guianan bordering area. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219626. [PMID: 31306447 PMCID: PMC6629084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the border region between Brazil and French Guiana, American cutaneous leishmaniasis is a worrisome public health issue, and entomological studies are required there to better identify classical and putative emerging transmission patterns. The present study aimed to detect and characterize Leishmania DNA in the phlebotomine population of Oiapoque (Amapá State, Brazil). Phlebotomines were captured in anthropized and wild environments in the outskirts of Oiapoque municipality, using CDC light traps installed in vertical (ground/canopy level) and horizontal (peridomicile/extradomicile/forest-edge/forest) strata. Captured specimens were identified according to their morphology. Females were processed for Leishmania DNA detection and characterization using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction targeting kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) and the phlebotomine cacophony gene. The kDNA positive samples were characterized by cloning and sequencing the Leishmania 234 bp-hsp70 gene. Among the 3957 phlebotomine specimens captured, 26 pooled female samples were positive for Leishmania (Viannia) spp. DNA. Sequencing analysis allowed species-specific identification of L. (V.) braziliensis DNA in Trichophoromyia ininii, Bichromomyia flaviscutellata, Nyssomyia umbratilis, and Evandromyia infraspinosa, and L. (V.) guyanensis DNA in Ny. umbratilis. A pooled sample of Ny. umbratilis was positive for both L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (V.) guyanensis DNA. The present study provided additional information regarding ACL ecology in Oiapoque, highlighting the presence of L. (V.) braziliensis DNA in different phlebotomine species. The epidemiological implications of these findings and the determinant incrimination of L. (V.) braziliensis as proven vectors in that region must be clarified. In this regard, studies on Leishmania spp. infection and suggestive anthropophilic behavior of associated phlebotomines need to be prioritized in entomological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Vasconcelos dos Santos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará State, Brazil
- Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniela de Pita-Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
| | - Thais Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
| | - Constança Britto
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
| | - Fernando Tobias Silveira
- Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil
| | - Marinete Marins Póvoa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará State, Brazil
- Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Ferreira Rangel
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará State, Brazil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera/ Laboratório de Referência Nacional e Internacional/Regional OPAS/OMS de Vigilância Entomológica, Taxonomia e Ecologia de Vetores de Leishmanioses/ Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
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Medkour H, Davoust B, Dulieu F, Maurizi L, Lamour T, Marié JL, Mediannikov O. Potential animal reservoirs (dogs and bats) of human visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum in French Guiana. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007456. [PMID: 31216270 PMCID: PMC6602241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In French Guiana, cutaneous leishmaniasis is highly endemic, whereas no autochthonous case of visceral leishmaniasis have been reported so far. However, due to its proximity to Brazil which is highly endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, and the high transboundary population flow, an epidemiological challenge could arise at any time. As an overseas department and region and the largest outermost region of the European Union, epidemiological surveillance of visceral leishmaniasis is of great importance. Our study aimed to investigate the presence of Leishmania spp. in domestic (dogs) and sylvatic (bats) animals from French Guiana. Over the 2008-2018 period, samples from 349 animals were collected. They included blood from 179 autochthonous dogs and 59 bats, spleen samples from 33 bats and, blood from 78 military working dogs (MWD) collected before their departure from continental France and at the end of their four-month stay in French Guiana. Samples were screened using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays targeting Leishmania DNA followed by sequencing of 18S rRNA, kDNA and ITS2 genes. L. infantum was detected in 2.3% (8/349) of animals with 1.7% (3/179) of autochthonous dogs, 5.1% (4/78) of MWD returning from French Guiana, whereas they were negative before their departure. One of them dates back to 2012. All these dogs were positive for serological tests. In addition, L. infantum DNA was detectable in one bat spleen sample, belonging to Carollia perspicillata species. We report here for the first time an infection with L. infantum in dogs and bat from French Guiana. Our results suggest the existence of potential reservoir and transmission cycle for visceral leishmaniasis, at least since 2012, which was unknown in this territory until now. Further studies are needed to determine how these animals were infected and which vectors are involved in the transmission in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacène Medkour
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée-Infection, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Davoust
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée-Infection, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Animal Epidemiology Working Group of the Military Health Service, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Lou Marié
- Animal Epidemiology Working Group of the Military Health Service, Marseille, France
- French Army Health Service, Paris, France
| | - Oleg Mediannikov
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée-Infection, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Diallo K, Nicolas M. A 26-year-old man with a leg ulceration. Presse Med 2019; 48:466-467. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Maggi RG, Krämer F. A review on the occurrence of companion vector-borne diseases in pet animals in Latin America. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:145. [PMID: 30917860 PMCID: PMC6438007 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Companion vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) are an important threat for pet life, but may also have an impact on human health, due to their often zoonotic character. The importance and awareness of CVBDs continuously increased during the last years. However, information on their occurrence is often limited in several parts of the world, which are often especially affected. Latin America (LATAM), a region with large biodiversity, is one of these regions, where information on CVBDs for pet owners, veterinarians, medical doctors and health workers is often obsolete, limited or non-existent. In the present review, a comprehensive literature search for CVBDs in companion animals (dogs and cats) was performed for several countries in Central America (Belize, Caribbean Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico) as well as in South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana (British Guyana), Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela) regarding the occurrence of the following parasitic and bacterial diseases: babesiosis, heartworm disease, subcutaneous dirofilariosis, hepatozoonosis, leishmaniosis, trypanosomosis, anaplasmosis, bartonellosis, borreliosis, ehrlichiosis, mycoplasmosis and rickettsiosis. An overview on the specific diseases, followed by a short summary on their occurrence per country is given. Additionally, a tabular listing on positive or non-reported occurrence is presented. None of the countries is completely free from CVBDs. The data presented in the review confirm a wide distribution of the CVBDs in focus in LATAM. This wide occurrence and the fact that most of the CVBDs can have a quite severe clinical outcome and their diagnostic as well as therapeutic options in the region are often difficult to access and to afford, demands a strong call for the prevention of pathogen transmission by the use of ectoparasiticidal and anti-feeding products as well as by performing behavioural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo G. Maggi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Friederike Krämer
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Identification of French Guiana sand flies using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry with a new mass spectra library. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007031. [PMID: 30707700 PMCID: PMC6373979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phlebotomine sand flies are insects that are highly relevant in medicine, particularly as the sole proven vectors of leishmaniasis. Accurate identification of sand fly species is an essential prerequisite for eco-epidemiological studies aiming to better understand the disease. Traditional morphological identification is painstaking and time-consuming, and molecular methods for extensive screening remain expensive. Recent studies have shown that matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a promising tool for rapid and cost-effective identification of arthropod vectors, including sand flies. The aim of this study was to validate the use of MALDI-TOF MS for the identification of Northern Amazonian sand flies. We constituted a MALDI-TOF MS reference database comprising 29 species of sand flies that were field-collected in French Guiana, which are expected to cover many of the more common species of the Northern Amazonian region, including known vectors of leishmaniasis. Carrying out a blind test, all the sand flies tested (n = 157) with a log (score) threshold greater than 1.7 were correctly identified at the species level. We confirmed that MALDI-TOF MS protein profiling is a useful tool for the study of sand flies, including neotropical species, known for their great diversity. An application that includes the spectra generated here will be available to the scientific community in the near future via an online platform. Phlebotomine sand flies are small insects, mostly known for their role in the transmission of Leishmania parasites to humans and other mammals. In French Guiana, the main clinical form of the disease manifests as cutaneous lesions also called American cutaneous leishmaniasis. The transmission of Leishmania from wild mammals to humans depends on the species of sand fly involved in the transmission. To better understand the mechanism of disease transmission, it is essential to accurately identify sand flies, including both vector and non-vector species. Until now, sand flies have mainly been identified using morphological and molecular methods. Recent studies have shown that a new tool based on protein profiling compiled in a library of spectra may be useful for the identification of arthropod vectors. This tool has the advantage of being less time-consuming, less expensive and does not require technical skills. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness and accuracy of this new tool in identifying Northern Amazonian sand flies.
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Vasconcelos-dos-Santos T, Chaves RCG, Prévot G, Silveira FT, Póvoa MM, Rangel EF. Binational burden of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Oiapoque, Amapá State, Brazil, bordering French Guiana. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019; 52:e20180256. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0256-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Vasconcelos dos Santos T, Prévot G, Ginouvès M, Duarte R, Silveira FT, Póvoa MM, Rangel EF. Ecological aspects of Phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) and the transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis agents in an Amazonian/ Guianan bordering area. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:612. [PMID: 30497528 PMCID: PMC6267891 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An entomological study was conducted in the municipality of Oiapoque (lower Oyapock River Basin) in the Brazilian side bordering French Guiana to gain information on the transmission pattern of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in that region, presumed to reflect the classical Amazonian/Guianan enzootic scenario. METHODS Three ecologically isolated forested areas near urban environments were surveyed during the rainy and dry seasons of 2015 and 2016, using a multi-trapping approach comprising ground-level and canopy light traps, black and white colored cloth Shannon traps and manual aspiration on tree bases. Female phlebotomines were dissected to find infections and isolate flagellates from Leishmania spp. The strains were characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and compared with those of local ACL cases and World Health Organization reference strains. RESULTS Nyssomyia umbratilis, Trichopygomyia trichopyga and Evandromyia infraspinosa were the most frequently found species. Findings on relative abundance, spatiotemporal vector/ACL congruence, natural infections and anthropophilic insights strengthened the Guianan classical transmission of Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis by Ny. umbratilis and suggested further investigations for Ev. infraspinosa. Nyssomyia umbratilis showed an eclectic feeding habit, including bird blood. Ecological data and literature reports also included Psychodopygus squamiventris maripaensis and Bichromomyia flaviscutellata on the list of suspected vectors. CONCLUSIONS These findings contributed to understanding ACL ecoepidemiology in the Amazonian/Guianan scenario. Local studies are required to better comprehend the Leishmania spp. enzootic mosaic in specific ecotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Vasconcelos dos Santos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará State Brazil
- Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas (Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde), Ananindeua, Pará State Brazil
| | - Ghislaine Prévot
- Département de Médecine, Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA 3593, Labex CEBA, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Marine Ginouvès
- Département de Médecine, Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA 3593, Labex CEBA, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Rosemere Duarte
- Laboratório de Imunodiagnóstico, Escola Nacional de Saúde Publica Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State Brazil
| | - Fernando Tobias Silveira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará State Brazil
| | - Marinete Marins Póvoa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará State Brazil
- Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas (Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde), Ananindeua, Pará State Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Ferreira Rangel
- Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas (Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde), Ananindeua, Pará State Brazil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/ Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State Brazil
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Use of the intramuscular route to administer pentamidine isethionate in Leishmania guyanensis cutaneous leishmaniasis increases the risk of treatment failure. Travel Med Infect Dis 2018; 24:31-36. [PMID: 29482012 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New world cutaneous leishmaniasis (NWCL) can be found in French Guiana as well as in several other parts of Central and South America. Leishmania guyanensis accounts for nearly 90% of cases in French Guiana and is treated with pentamidine isethionate, given by either intramuscular or intravenous injection. The military population is particularly exposed due to repeated missions in the rainforest. The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors associated with pentamidine isethionate treatment failure in a series of service members with L. guyanensis NWCL acquired in French Guiana. METHOD All the French service members reported as having acquired leishmaniasis in French Guiana from December 2013 to June 2016 were included. RESULTS Seventy-three patients infected with L. guyanensis were included in the final analysis. Patients treated with IV pentamidine isethionate had better response rates than those treated with IM pentamidine isethionate (p = 0.002, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.15, 95% CI [0.04-0.50]). The rate of treatment success was 85.3% (95% CI [68.9-95.0]) for IV pentamidine isethionate and 51.3% (95% CI [34.8-67.6]) for IM pentamidine isethionate. CONCLUSIONS The use of intramuscular pentamidine isethionate in the treatment of Leishmania guyanensis cutaneous leishmaniasis is associated with more treatment failures than intravenous pentamidine isethionate.
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Francesconi VA, Francesconi F, Ramasawmy R, Romero GAS, Alecrim MDGC. Failure of fluconazole in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania guyanensis in the Brazilian Amazon: An open, nonrandomized phase 2 trial. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006225. [PMID: 29481560 PMCID: PMC5854414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis is based on a weak strength of evidence from very few clinical trials and some case series reports. Current treatment guidelines recommend pentamidine isethionate or meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) as the first-line choices. Both are parenteral drugs with a low therapeutic indexes leading to a high risk of undesired effects. Imidazole derivatives interfere with the production of leishmanial ergosterol, an essential component of their membrane structure. One drug that has been studied in different clinical presentations of Leishmania is fluconazole, a hydrophilic bis-triazole, which is easily absorbed through the oral route with a low toxicity profile and is considered safe for children. This drug is readily available in poor countries with a reasonable cost making it a potential option for treating leishmaniasis. METHODS AND FINDINGS An adaptive nonrandomized clinical trial with sequential groups with dose escalation of oral fluconazole was designed to treat adult men with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) in Manaus, Brazil. Eligible participants were patients with LCL with confirmed Leishmania guyanensis infection. RESULTS Twenty adult male patients were treated with 450 mg of fluconazole daily for 30 days. One patient (5%) was cured within 30 days of treatment. Of the 19 failures (95%), 13 developed a worsening of ulcers and six evolved lymphatic spreading of the disease. Planned dose escalation was suspended after the disappointing failure rate during the first stage of the trial. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Oral fluconazole, at the dose of 450mg per day, was not efficacious against LCL caused by Leishmania guyanensis in adult men. TRIAL REGISTRATION Brazilian Clinical Trial Registration (ReBec)-RBR-8w292w; UTN number-1158-2421.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeska Albuquerque Francesconi
- Department of Dermatology, Academic and Research Division at the Tropical Medicine Foundation - Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Fabio Francesconi
- Department of Dermatology, Academic and Research Division at the Tropical Medicine Foundation - Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Rajendranath Ramasawmy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Immunogenetics, at the Tropical Medicine Foundation - Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado and Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Maria das Graças Costa Alecrim
- Department of Infectology, Division of Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases at the Tropical Medicine Foundation - Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Tirera S, Ginouves M, Donato D, Caballero IS, Bouchier C, Lavergne A, Bourreau E, Mosnier E, Vantilcke V, Couppié P, Prevot G, Lacoste V. Unraveling the genetic diversity and phylogeny of Leishmania RNA virus 1 strains of infected Leishmania isolates circulating in French Guiana. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005764. [PMID: 28715422 PMCID: PMC5531682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Leishmania RNA virus type 1 (LRV1) is an endosymbiont of some Leishmania (Vianna) species in South America. Presence of LRV1 in parasites exacerbates disease severity in animal models and humans, related to a disproportioned innate immune response, and is correlated with drug treatment failures in humans. Although the virus was identified decades ago, its genomic diversity has been overlooked until now. Methodology/Principles findings We subjected LRV1 strains from 19 L. (V.) guyanensis and one L. (V.) braziliensis isolates obtained from cutaneous leishmaniasis samples identified throughout French Guiana with next-generation sequencing and de novo sequence assembly. We generated and analyzed 24 unique LRV1 sequences over their full-length coding regions. Multiple alignment of these new sequences revealed variability (0.5%–23.5%) across the entire sequence except for highly conserved motifs within the 5’ untranslated region. Phylogenetic analyses showed that viral genomes of L. (V.) guyanensis grouped into five distinct clusters. They further showed a species-dependent clustering between viral genomes of L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) braziliensis, confirming a long-term co-evolutionary history. Noteworthy, we identified cases of multiple LRV1 infections in three of the 20 Leishmania isolates. Conclusions/Significance Here, we present the first-ever estimate of LRV1 genomic diversity that exists in Leishmania (V.) guyanensis parasites. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analyses of these viruses has shed light on their evolutionary relationships. To our knowledge, this study is also the first to report cases of multiple LRV1 infections in some parasites. Finally, this work has made it possible to develop molecular tools for adequate identification and genotyping of LRV1 strains for diagnostic purposes. Given the suspected worsening role of LRV1 infection in the pathogenesis of human leishmaniasis, these data have a major impact from a clinical viewpoint and for the management of Leishmania-infected patients. Leishmaniasis is a well-known parasitosis due to an infection by the protozoan Leishmania parasites firmly established in South America. In French Guiana, where leishmaniasis is a public health problem, having an annual incidence of 5.6 cases/10,000 inhabitants, 80% of Leishmania spp. parasites are infected by an endosymbiotic virus, Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1). The purpose of this study was to gain insights on the genetic variability and evolution of LRV1 at the genomic level. We subjected 20 Leishmania isolates obtained from cutaneous lesions with next generation sequencing and de novo sequence assembly. This allowed generating 24 LRV1 full-length coding sequences presenting among themselves a significant genetic diversity. The inferred phylogenetic relationships enabled to identify distinct well-supported genotypes and support the hypothesis of co-evolution between LRV1 strains and their parasite hosts. In addition, we identified multiple LRV1 infections in three parasite isolates. Based on these data, future characterization of new strains from other geographic areas and other parasite species should extend knowledge of LRV1 diversification processes. Finally, these results allowed us to identify genomic regions where best to allocate resources for subsequent analyses of LRV1 viral diversity and genotyping that could serve for accurate routine molecular diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourakhata Tirera
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Marine Ginouves
- Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA 3593, Medicine Department, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- National Reference Center for Leishmania, associated laboratory, Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Damien Donato
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Ignacio S. Caballero
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Anne Lavergne
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Eliane Bourreau
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie des Leishmanioses, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Emilie Mosnier
- Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA 3593, Medicine Department, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Centres Délocalisés de Préventions et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Vincent Vantilcke
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais, Saint Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppié
- Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA 3593, Medicine Department, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- National Reference Center for Leishmania, associated laboratory, Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Dermatology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Ghislaine Prevot
- Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA 3593, Medicine Department, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Vincent Lacoste
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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