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Liang H, Zhang L, Zhao X, Rong J. The therapeutic potential of exosomes in lung cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:1181-1212. [PMID: 37365450 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most common malignancies globally. Besides early detection and surgical resection, there is currently no effective curative treatment for metastatic advanced LC. Exosomes are endogenous nano-extracellular vesicles produced by somatic cells that play an important role in the development and maintenance of normal physiology. Exosomes can carry proteins, peptides, lipids, nucleic acids, and various small molecules for intra- and intercellular material transport or signal transduction. LC cells can maintain their survival, proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis, by producing or interacting with exosomes. Basic and clinical data also show that exosomes can be used to suppress LC cell proliferation and viability, induce apoptosis, and enhance treatment sensitivity. Due to the high stability and target specificity, good biocompatibility, and low immunogenicity of exosomes, they show promise as vehicles of LC therapy. CONCLUSION We have written this comprehensive review to communicate the LC treatment potential of exosomes and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that overall, LC cells can exchange substances or crosstalk with themselves or various other cells in the surrounding TME or distant organs through exosomes. Through this, they can modulate their survival, proliferation, stemness, migration, and invasion, EMT, metastasis, and apoptotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Liang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 210, BaiTa Street, Hunnan District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangxuan Zhao
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Zhang X, Huang Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, He X, Ma X, Gan C, Zou X, Wang S, Shu K, Lei T, Zhang H. Local transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells improves encephalo-myo-synangiosis-mediated collateral neovascularization in chronic brain ischemia. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:233. [PMID: 37667370 PMCID: PMC10478472 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03465-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore whether local transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in temporal muscle can promote collateral angiogenesis and to analyze its main mechanisms of promoting angiogenesis. METHODS Bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) treated mice were administrated with encephalo-myo-synangiosis (EMS), and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transplanted into the temporal muscle near the cerebral cortex. On the 30th day after EMS, the Morris water maze, immunofluorescence, laser speckle imaging, and light sheet microscopy were performed to evaluate angiogenesis; In addition, rats with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion were also followed by EMS surgery, and BMSCs from GFP reporter rats were transplanted into the temporal muscle to observe the survival time of BMSCs. Then, the concentrated BMSC-derived conditioned medium (BMSC-CM) was used to stimulate HUVECs and BMECs for ki-67 immunocytochemistry, CCK-8, transwell and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. Finally, the cortical tissue near the temporal muscle was extracted after EMS, and proteome profiler (angiogenesis array) as well as RT-qPCR of mRNA or miRNA was performed. RESULTS The results of the Morris water maze 30 days after BMSC transplantation in BCAS mice during the EMS operation, showed that the cognitive impairment in the BCAS + EMS + BMSC group was alleviated (P < 0.05). The results of immunofluorescence, laser speckle imaging, and light sheet microscopy showed that the number of blood vessels, blood flow and astrocytes increased in the BCAS + EMS + BMSC group (P < 0.05). The BMSCs of GFP reporter rats were applied to EMS and showed that the transplanted BMSCs could survive for up to 14 days. Then, the results of ki-67 immunocytochemistry, CCK-8 and transwell assays showed that the concentrated BMSC-CM could promote the proliferation and migration of HUVECs and BMECs (P < 0.05). Finally, the results of proteome profiler (angiogenesis array) in the cerebral cortex showed that the several pro-angiogenesis factors (such as MMP-3, MMP-9, IGFBP-2 or IGFBP-3) were notably highly expressed in MSC transplantation group compared to others. CONCLUSIONS Local MSCs transplantation together with EMS surgery can promote angiogenesis and cognitive behavior in chronic brain ischemia mice. Our study illustrated that MSC local transplantation can be the potential therapeutical option for improving EMS treatment efficiency which might be translated into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yimin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuejun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chao Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Zou
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kai Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huaqiu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
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3
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Coaxial bioprinted microfibers with mesenchymal stem cells for glioma microenvironment simulation. Biodes Manuf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-021-00155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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4
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Shokati A, Naser Moghadasi A, Nikbakht M, Sahraian MA, Mousavi SA, Ai J. A focus on allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells as a versatile therapeutic tool for treating multiple sclerosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:400. [PMID: 34256857 PMCID: PMC8278627 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) chronic illness with autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative effects characterized by neurological disorder and axonal loss signs due to myelin sheath autoimmune T cell attacks. Existing drugs, including disease-modifying drugs (DMD), help decrease the intensity and frequency of MS attacks, inflammatory conditions, and CNS protection from axonal damage. As they cannot improve axonal repair and show side effects, new therapeutic options are required. In this regard, due to their neuroprotection properties, immunomodulatory effects, and the ability to differentiate into neurons, the transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be used for MS therapy. The use of adipose-derived MSCs (AdMSCs) or autologous bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) has demonstrated unexpected effects including the invasive and painful isolation method, inadequate amounts of bone marrow (BM) stem cells, the anti-inflammatory impact reduction of AdMSCs that are isolated from fat patients, and the cell number and differentiation potential decrease with an increase in the age of BMSCs donor. Researchers have been trying to search for alternate tissue sources for MSCs, especially fetal annexes, which could offer a novel therapeutic choice for MS therapy due to the limitation of low cell yield and invasive collection methods of autologous MSCs. The transplantation of MSCs for MS treatment is discussed in this review. Finally, it is suggested that allogeneic sources of MSCs are an appealing alternative to autologous MSCs and could hence be a potential novel solution to MS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Shokati
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nikbakht
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sahraian
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Asadollah Mousavi
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Saeedi M, Nezhad MS, Mehranfar F, Golpour M, Esakandari MA, Rashmeie Z, Ghorbani M, Nasimi F, Hoseinian SN. Biological Aspects and Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Key Features You Need to be Aware of. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:200-215. [PMID: 32895040 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200907121530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), a form of adult stem cells, are known to have a selfrenewing property and the potential to specialize into a multitude of cells and tissues such as adipocytes, cartilage cells, and fibroblasts. MSCs can migrate and home to the desired target zone where inflammation is present. The unique characteristics of MSCs in repairing, differentiation, regeneration, and the high capacity of immune modulation have attracted tremendous attention for exerting them in clinical purposes, as they contribute to the tissue regeneration process and anti-tumor activity. The MSCs-based treatment has demonstrated remarkable applicability towards various diseases such as heart and bone malignancies, and cancer cells. Importantly, genetically engineered MSCs, as a stateof- the-art therapeutic approach, could address some clinical hurdles by systemic secretion of cytokines and other agents with a short half-life and high toxicity. Therefore, understanding the biological aspects and the characteristics of MSCs is an imperative issue of concern. Herein, we provide an overview of the therapeutic application and the biological features of MSCs against different inflammatory diseases and cancer cells. We further shed light on MSCs' physiological interaction, such as migration, homing, and tissue repairing mechanisms in different healthy and inflamed tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saeedi
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Muhammad S Nezhad
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mehranfar
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Golpour
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Sorkheh, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohammad A Esakandari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Zahra Rashmeie
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghorbani
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nasimi
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Seyed N Hoseinian
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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6
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Ye H, Pan J, Gong E, Cai X, Xu C, Li Y, Zheng H, Cao Z. Inhibitory Effect of Immunologically Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Lung Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021. [PMID: 33769841 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.3855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells. The authors' study aimed to investigate the effects of immunologically activated human umbilical cord (HUC)-MSCs on A549 lung cancer cells. Materials and Methods: HUC-MSCs were separated from the umbilical cord using the adherence method. Surface markers of HUC-MSCs were detected by flow cytometry for MSC identification. Imiquimod (TLR7 agonist) was incubated with HUC-MSCs for immune activation, and the expression of MSC-specific markers and immune inflammatory molecules was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. HUC A549 cells were cocultured with HUC-MSCs treated with imiquimod, siTLR7 (small interfering RNA for TLR7) or TLR7 overexpression, and then cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, and the expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and NF-κB was investigated using MTT assay, clone formation assay, transwell assay, and western blot, respectively. Results: HUC-MSCs were identified as positive for CD73, CD105, CD44, CD29, and CD90. Expression of MSC markers was inhibited, while those of immune inflammatory molecules expression except IL-6 (interleukin-6) was enhanced after MSCs were immunologically activated by imiquimod. After being cocultured with HUC-MSCs treated with imiquimod or overexpressed TLR7, cell viability, proliferation, and metastasis, and the phosphorylation of P65 and AKT in A549 cells were decreased, but apoptosis was increased, while siTLR7 showed the opposite effect HUC. Conclusions: Immunologically activated HUC-MSCs inhibited the growth and metastasis, yet, promoted the apoptosis of A549 lung cancer cells via regulating the PI3K/Akt and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ye
- Department of Medical Examination Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Jiongwei Pan
- Department of Respiratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Enhui Gong
- Department of Respiratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Xiaoping Cai
- Department of Respiratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Cunlai Xu
- Department of Respiratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Yuling Li
- Department of Respiratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Respiratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Zhuo Cao
- Department of Respiration, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, People's Hospital of Longquan, Lishui, China
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7
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Scholl JN, Dias CK, Muller L, Battastini AMO, Figueiró F. Extracellular vesicles in cancer progression: are they part of the problem or part of the solution? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2625-2641. [PMID: 33094653 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released especially by cancer cells. They modulate the tumor microenvironment by interacting with immune cells while carrying immunosuppressive or immunostimulatory molecules. In this review, we will explore some conflicting reports regarding the immunological outcomes of EVs in cancer progression, in which they might initiate an antitumor immune response or an immunosuppressive response. Concerning immunosuppression, the role of tumor-derived EVs' in the adenosinergic system is underexplored. The enhancement of adenosine (ADO) levels in the tumor microenvironment impairs T-cell function and cytokine release. However, some tumor-derived EVs may deliver immunostimulatory factors, promoting immunogenic activity, even with ADO production. The modulatory role of ADO over the tumor progression represents a piece in an intricate microenvironment with anti and pro tumoral seesaw-like mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Camila Kehl Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Laurent Muller
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
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8
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Pietrobono D, Giacomelli C, Marchetti L, Martini C, Trincavelli ML. High Adenosine Extracellular Levels Induce Glioblastoma Aggressive Traits Modulating the Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7706. [PMID: 33081024 PMCID: PMC7589183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive, fast-growing brain tumor influenced by the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in which mesenchymal stromal cell (MSCs) play a pivotal role. Adenosine (ADO), a purinergic signal molecule, can reach up to high micromolar concentrations in TME. The activity of specific adenosine receptor subtypes on glioma cells has been widely explored, as have the effects of MSCs on tumor progression. However, the effects of high levels of ADO on glioma aggressive traits are still unclear as is its role in cancer cells-MSC cross-talk. Herein, we first studied the role of extracellular Adenosine (ADO) on isolated human U343MG cells as a glioblastoma cellular model, finding that at high concentrations it was able to prompt the gene expression of Snail and ZEB1, which regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, even if a complete transition was not reached. These effects were mediated by the induction of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Additionally, ADO affected isolated bone marrow derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) by modifying the pattern of secreted inflammatory cytokines. Then, the conditioned medium (CM) of BM-MSCs stimulated with ADO and a co-culture system were used to investigate the role of extracellular ADO in GBM-MSC cross-talk. The CM promoted the increase of glioma motility and induced a partial phenotypic change of glioblastoma cells. These effects were maintained when U343MG cells and BM-MSCs were co-cultured. In conclusion, ADO may affect glioma biology directly and through the modulation of the paracrine factors released by MSCs overall promoting a more aggressive phenotype. These results point out the importance to deeply investigate the role of extracellular soluble factors in the glioma cross-talk with other cell types of the TME to better understand its pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (D.P.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (M.L.T.)
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9
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Human papillomavirus E7 binds Oct4 and regulates its activity in HPV-associated cervical cancers. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008468. [PMID: 32298395 PMCID: PMC7228134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Octamer binding transcription factor-4 (Oct4), is highly expressed in stem cells and has indispensable roles in pluripotency and cellular reprogramming. In contrast to other factors used for cellular reprogramming, a role for Oct4 outside embryonic stem cells has been elusive and highly controversial. Emerging evidence implicates Oct4 in the carcinogenic process, but the mechanism through which Oct4 may be functioning in cancers is not fully appreciated. Here, we provide evidence that Oct4 is expressed in human cervical cancer and this expression correlates with the presence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenes E6 and E7. Surprisingly, the viral oncogenes can complement exogenously provided Oct4 in reprogramming assays, providing functional validation for their ability to activate Oct4 transcription in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs). To interrogate potential roles of Oct4 in cervical cancers we knocked-down Oct4 in HPV(+) (HeLa & CaSki) and HPV(-) (C33A) cervical cancer cell lines and found that Oct4 knockdown attenuated clonogenesis, only in the HPV(+) cells. More unexpectedly, cell proliferation and migration, were differentially affected in HPV(+) and HPV(-) cell lines. We provide evidence that Oct4 interacts with HPV E7 specifically at the CR3 region of the E7 protein and that introduction of the HPV oncogenes in C33A cells and human immortalised keratinocytes generates Oct4-associated transcriptional and phenotypic patterns, which mimic those seen in HPV(+) cells. We propose that a physical interaction of Oct4 with E7 regulates its activity in HPV(+) cervical cancers in a manner not seen in other cancer types.
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Zurmukhtashvili M, Machavariani A, Dugashvili G, Grdzelidze T, Gogilashvili K, Menabde G, Abiatari I, Marks L. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation attenuates growth of chemotherapy treated oral squamous cell carcinoma in an animal model. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:655-664. [PMID: 32107794 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated mesenchymal stem cell migration toward tumor locations. When applied locally, MSCs interact with the locally residing host cells. The mechanisms behind this are still unclear. We aimed to detect the possible action mechanisms of MSCs on the in vivo growth of primary human oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS In mouse model of OSSC, chemotherapy with Cisplatin was done beginning from 9 day of tumor visualization. 3 weeks after tumor cell injection cultivated MSCs were administrated in tail vein or directly intra-tumorally. Animals underwent surveillance and afterward were sacrificed. Tumor growth was measured. MSCs biodistribution was assessed with bioluminescent analysis. Tumor tissues were tested morphologically and immunohistochemically for angiogenesis, hypoxia status, and cell apoptosis. RESULTS In the group treated with Cisplatin in combination with mesenchymal stem cell injection, the average size of the tumor was 98.9 ± 7.65 mm3 . In the experimental group, tumor tissues were less outlined and the presence of necrotic areas and connective tissue basal layers was detected. Immunohistochemical surveys with CD31 and anti-carbonic anhydrase 9 demonstrated strongly developed micro-vessel structures and small isles of hypoxia in the tumor tissues. TUNEL assay revealed in the same group that tumor tissues were mostly comprised of apoptotic cells. Viable cell communities presented as small isles. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that intra-tumorally injected MSCs, combined with Cisplatin, leads to a minimal hypoxia status and increased apoptotic activity in tumor tissues, compared with the control group. This finding can be explained with better distribution of Cisplatin due to increased angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Zurmukhtashvili
- Institute of Medical Research, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.,Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Giorgi Dugashvili
- Institute of Medical Research, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.,Oral Health in Special Needs, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Giorgi Menabde
- Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ivane Abiatari
- Institute of Medical Research, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Luc Marks
- Oral Health in Special Needs, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.,Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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11
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Bioprofiling TS/A Murine Mammary Cancer for a Functional Precision Experimental Model. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121889. [PMID: 31783695 PMCID: PMC6966465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The TS/A cell line was established in 1983 from a spontaneous mammary tumor arisen in an inbred BALB/c female mouse. Its features (heterogeneity, low immunogenicity and metastatic ability) rendered the TS/A cell line suitable as a preclinical model for studies on tumor-host interactions and for gene therapy approaches. The integrated biological profile of TS/A resulting from the review of the literature could be a path towards the description of a precision experimental model of mammary cancer.
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12
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Rahmatizadeh F, Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Khodadadi K, Lale Ataei M, Ebrahimie E, Soleimani Rad J, Pashaiasl M. Bidirectional and Opposite Effects of Naïve Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Tumor Growth and Progression. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:539-558. [PMID: 31857958 PMCID: PMC6912184 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been considered as a heterogeneous population of uncontrolled proliferation of
different transformed cell types. The recent findings concerning tumorigeneses have highlighted
the fact that tumors can progress through tight relationships among tumor cells, cellular, and
non-cellular components which are present within tumor tissues. In recent years, studies have
shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential components of non-tumor cells within
the tumor tissues that can strongly affect tumor development. Several forms of MSCs have been
identified within tumor stroma. Naïve (innate) mesenchymal stem cells (N-MSCs) derived from
different sources are mostly recruited into the tumor stroma. N-MSCs exert dual and divergent
effects on tumor growth through different conditions and factors such as toll-like receptor
priming (TLR-priming), which is the primary underlying causes of opposite effects. Moreover,
MSCs also have the contrary effects by various molecular mechanisms relying on direct cellto-
cell connections and indirect communications through the autocrine, paracrine routes, and
tumor microenvironment (TME).
Overall, cell-based therapies will hold great promise to provide novel anticancer treatments.
However, the application of intact MSCs in cancer treatment can theoretically cause adverse
clinical outcomes. It is essential that to extensively analysis the effective factors and conditions
in which underlying mechanisms are adopted by MSCs when encounter with cancer.
The aim is to review the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the dual effects of
MSCs followed by the importance of polarization of MSCs through priming of TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faramarz Rahmatizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Khodadad Khodadadi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maryam Lale Ataei
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Javidi MA, Kaeidi A, Mortazavi Farsani SS, Babashah S, Sadeghizadeh M. Investigating curcumin potential for diabetes cell therapy, in vitro and in vivo study. Life Sci 2019; 239:116908. [PMID: 31610197 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS An important obstacle on the way of cell-based therapy is the risk of tumorigenicity in the patients benefit from these transplanted cells due to undifferentiated cells which participate in transplantation. Curcumin, the main compound of spice turmeric -as one of the natural products-was demonstrated to possess effective anti-cancer properties, with no significant effect on normal cells in dose and/or time-dependent manner. Furthermore many studies have been accomplished using curcumin for diabetes treatment. Therefore in this study we examined the efficacy of IPCs treated with curcumin in vivo. MAIN METHODS Differentiation efficiency investigated by flowcytometry. RNA extraction and real-time PCR performed for important genes in IPC differentiation and tumorigenesis including Insulin, Nestin, Ngn3, Pdx1, P21, and P53. Finally we investigated the efficiency of these differentiated and treated cells in diabetic rats. KEY FINDINGS Our data indicates that nanocurcumin -in a specific dose-reduces the expression of Nestin with no significant effect on insulin expression in mRNA and protein level. Besides blood glucose level of diabetic rats which treated with DNC + cells, decreased from average 350 (mg/dI) to 100 (mg/dI). Checking out the pancreases of these rats, demonstrated that their endocrine segment was rebuilt. Moreover hematoxylin & eosin staining and IF results revealed that the Langerhans Islands were reformed. SIGNIFICANCE IPCs' which treated with DNC were able to efficiently control the blood glucose level in diabetic rats which these cells were transplanted to them. Hence Curcumin has the potential to be employed in this kind of cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Javidi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Guan L, Zhang A. Amniotic epithelial cells reverse abnormal vascular structure and function in endometrial carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:2405-2424. [PMID: 31934068 PMCID: PMC6949581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The methods used to rebuild tumour vascular structure and function are called vascular normalization. Vascular normalization methods often block a single angiogenic molecular pathway, but tumor molecular pathways are interconnected and unstable. Since the vascular structure is not repaired, vascularity can be normalized only within a limited time. Amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) are used in tissue engineering to increase blood perfusion and promote wound healing. There have been no reports on the use of AECs in treatment to promote tumor vascular restoration. METHODS The multipotential stem cell features of AECs were detected by immunofluorescence (IF), RT-PCR, and western blot. A nude rat in situ endometrial carcinoma model was developed. AECs were transfected with lentivirus-green fluorescent protein (GFP)-luciferase (Luc). The vascular formation abilities of AECs were monitored in vitro and in vivo under different conditions. AECs were injected by the rat tail vein, tumour vascular structural and perfusion changes were monitored, and the synergistic effects of AECs with cisplatin (DDP) chemotherapy were evaluated. RESULTS AECs expressed the stem cell markers OCT4, Nanog, and CK19 at high levels. AECs could differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. Lentiviral GFP-Luc was successfully transfected into AECs, and GFP-labelled AECs formed vascular tube-like structures and invaded tumor tissue to form vascular structures in vitro. Kinetic luciferase imaging confirmed that AECs homed to rat uterine tumor tissues after injection by the tail vein. After AEC injection, tumour vascular α-SMA/CD31 labelling increased in vascular pericytes, while detection of VEGF-A expression by ELISA decreased. Cadherin labelling showed that basement membrane integrity improved distinctly in the AEC group compared with that in the corresponding control group. Hoechst 33342 and ultrasound Doppler detection showed that tumor vascular perfusion was ameliorated; pimonidazole perfusion showed reduced tumour tissue anoxia, and FITC-dextran perfusion confirmed that vascular leakage was obviously reduced in the AEC group compared with that in the control group. Tumor apoptosis and the rat survival rate in the AEC + DDP group were further enhanced, as demonstrated by CD31 (or α-SMA) IF and GFP colocalization, as well as GFP western blot. AECs differentiated into tumor vascular endotheliocytes or pericytes and enhanced tumor vascular integrity. CONCLUSION AECs had the characteristics of pluripotent stem cells, and they could vascularize tissues under different conditions. AECs integrated into endometrial cancer vascular structures in nude rats, reduced dysregulated tumour angiogenesis, improved the efficiency of tumour vascular perfusion, and enhanced the cytotoxic effects of DDP. These findings provide a new method for the reconstruction of tumor vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zhabei Central HospitalNo. 619, Zhonghuaxin Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Ai Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanghai Pudong New District People’s Hospital, An Affiliate of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghai 200000, China
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15
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Cortes-Dericks L, Galetta D. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in lung cancer: benefits, risks and challenges. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:727-738. [PMID: 31254169 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most challenging diseases to treat. In the past decades standard therapy including surgery, chemo- and radiation therapy, alone or in combination has not changed the high mortality rate and poor prognosis. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as putative therapeutic tools due to their intrinsic tumor tropism, anti-tumor and immunoregulatory properties. MSCs release biomolecules that are thought to exert the same beneficial effects as their cellular counterparts and, as such, they may offer practical possibilities of using MSC-secreted products. Owing to their innate affinity to home to tumor sites, MSCs have also gained interest as selective vehicles for the delivery of anti-cancer agents. However, MSCs are also known to confer pro-oncogenic effects, rendering them into double-sword weapons against neoplastic diseases. CONCLUSIONS Here, we present published data on the cell- and secretome-based therapeutic competences of MSCs, as well as on their potential as engineered delivery vectors for the treatment of lung cancer. Despite the controversial role of MSCs in the context of lung cancer therapy, current findings support hopeful perspectives to harness the potential of MSC-based regimens that may augment current treatment modalities in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domenico Galetta
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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16
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Laporte C, Tubbs E, Cristante J, Gauchez AS, Pesenti S, Lamarche F, Cottet-Rousselle C, Garrel C, Moisan A, Moulis JM, Fontaine E, Benhamou PY, Lablanche S. Human mesenchymal stem cells improve rat islet functionality under cytokine stress with combined upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:85. [PMID: 30867050 PMCID: PMC6416979 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Islets of Langerhans transplantation is a promising therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus, but this technique is compromised by transplantation stresses including inflammation. In other tissues, co-transplantation with mesenchymal stem cells has been shown to reduce damage by improving anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant defences. Therefore, we probed the protection afforded by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to islets under pro-inflammatory cytokine stress. Methods In order to evaluate the cytoprotective potential of mesenchymal stem cells on rat islets, co-cultures were exposed to the interleukin-1, tumour necrosis factor α and interferon γ cocktail for 24 h. Islet viability and functionality tests were performed. Reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were measured. Expression of stress-inducible genes acting as anti-oxidants and detoxifiers, such as superoxide dismutases 1 and 2, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin H, was compared to non-stressed cells, and the corresponding proteins were measured. Data were analysed by a two-way ANOVA followed by a Holm-Sidak post hoc analysis. Results Exposure of rat islets to cytokines induces a reduction in islet viability and functionality concomitant with an oxidative status shift with an increase of cytosolic ROS production. Mesenchymal stem cells did not significantly increase rat islet viability under exposure to cytokines but protected islets from the loss of insulin secretion. A drastic reduction of the antioxidant factors heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin H protein levels was observed in islets exposed to the cytokine cocktail with a prevention of this effect by the presence of mesenchymal stem cells. Conclusions Our data evidenced that MSCs are able to preserve islet insulin secretion through a modulation of the oxidative imbalance mediated by heme and iron via heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin in a context of cytokine exposure. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1190-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Laporte
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.
| | - Emily Tubbs
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Justine Cristante
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gauchez
- Biology Institute, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sandra Pesenti
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69600, Oullins, France
| | - Frédéric Lamarche
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Cécile Cottet-Rousselle
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Garrel
- Biology Institute, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Anaick Moisan
- Cell Therapy and Engineering Unit, EFS Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 464 Route de lancey - La Bâtie, 38330, Saint Ismier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Moulis
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,CEA-Grenoble, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute (BIG), 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Fontaine
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Benhamou
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Lablanche
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
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17
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Christodoulou I, Goulielmaki M, Devetzi M, Panagiotidis M, Koliakos G, Zoumpourlis V. Mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical cancer cytotherapy: a systematic review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:336. [PMID: 30526687 PMCID: PMC6286545 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) comprise a heterogeneous population of rapidly proliferating cells that can be isolated from adult (e.g., bone marrow, adipose tissue) as well as fetal (e.g., umbilical cord) tissues (termed bone marrow (BM)-, adipose tissue (AT)-, and umbilical cord (UC)-MSC, respectively) and are capable of differentiation into a wide range of non-hematopoietic cell types. An additional, unique attribute of MSC is their ability to home to tumor sites and to interact with the local supportive microenvironment which rapidly conceptualized into MSC-based experimental cancer cytotherapy at the turn of the century. Towards this purpose, both naïve (unmodified) and genetically modified MSC (GM-MSC; used as delivery vehicles for the controlled expression and release of antitumorigenic molecules) have been employed using well-established in vitro and in vivo cancer models, albeit with variable success. The first approach is hampered by contradictory findings regarding the effects of naïve MSC of different origins on tumor growth and metastasis, largely attributed to inherent biological heterogeneity of MSC as well as experimental discrepancies. In the second case, although the anti-cancer effect of GM-MSC is markedly improved over that of naïve cells, it is yet apparent that some protocols are more efficient against some types of cancer than others. Regardless, in order to maximize therapeutic consistency and efficacy, a deeper understanding of the complex interaction between MSC and the tumor microenvironment is required, as well as examination of the role of key experimental parameters in shaping the final cytotherapy outcome. This systematic review represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first thorough evaluation of the impact of experimental anti-cancer therapies based on MSC of human origin (with special focus on human BM-/AT-/UC-MSC). Importantly, we dissect the commonalities and differences as well as address the shortcomings of work accumulated over the last two decades and discuss how this information can serve as a guide map for optimal experimental design implementation ultimately aiding the effective transition into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Christodoulou
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Devetzi
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece.
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18
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Knockdown of TGF-β1 expression in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells reverts their exosome-mediated EMT promoting effect on lung cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2018; 428:34-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Mesenchymal stem cells enhance tumorigenic properties of human glioblastoma through independent cell-cell communication mechanisms. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24766-24777. [PMID: 29872504 PMCID: PMC5973871 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) display tumor tropism and have been addressed as vehicles for delivery of anti-cancer agents. As cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, MSC also influence tumor progression. However, the contribution of MSC in brain cancer is not well understood since either oncogenic or tumor suppressor effects have been reported for these cells. Here, MSC were found capable of stimulating human Glioblastoma (GBM) cell proliferation through a paracrine effect mediated by TGFB1. Moreover, when in direct cell-cell contact with GBM cells, MSC elicited an increased proliferative and invasive tumor cell behavior under 3D conditions, as well as accelerated tumor development in nude mice, independently of paracrine TGFB1. A secretome profiling of MSC-GBM co-cultures identified 126 differentially expressed proteins and 10 proteins exclusively detected under direct cell-cell contact conditions. Most of these proteins are exosome cargos and are involved in cell motility and tissue development. These results indicate a dynamic interaction between MSC and GBM cells, favoring aggressive tumor cell traits through alternative and independent mechanisms. Overall, these findings indicate that MSC may exert pro-tumorigenic effects when in close contact with tumor cells, which must be carefully considered when employing MSC in targeted cell therapy protocols against cancer.
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20
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Li JH, Fan WS, Wang MM, Wang YH, Ren ZG. Effects of mesenchymal stem cells on solid tumor metastasis in experimental cancer models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Transl Med 2018; 16:113. [PMID: 29703232 PMCID: PMC5924448 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been reported mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited to and become integral parts of the tumor microenvironment. MSCs might have an active role in solid tumor progression, especially cancer metastasis. However, the contribution of MSCs in the process of cancer metastasis is still controversial. In this review, we performed a meta-analysis on the effects of MSCs administration on cancer metastasis based on published preclinical studies. Methods The PRISMA guidelines were used. A total of 42 publications met the inclusion criteria. Outcome data on the incidence and the number of cancer metastasis as well as study characteristics were extracted. Quality of the studies was assessed according to SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates. Results Of the 42 studies included, 32 reported that MSCs administration promoted outcome events (numbers or incidences of cancer metastasis), and 39 reported data suitable for meta-analysis. The median effect size (RR) was 2.04 for the incidence of cancer metastasis (95% CI 1.57–2.65, I2 = 21%), and the median effect size (SMD) was 1.23 for the number of cancer metastasis (95% CI 0.43–2.03, I2 = 89%). Heterogeneity was observed, with the greater impact based on study length and different ways of metastasis measurement and MSCs administration. Conclusion Our results suggested MSCs administration increased the number and the incidence of cancer metastasis in experimental cancer models. High heterogeneity and poor reported risk of bias limit the quality of these findings. Further preclinical studies with better design and adequate reporting are still needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1484-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wen-Shuai Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mi-Mi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheng-Gang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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21
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Salehi H, Al-Arag S, Middendorp E, Gergely C, Cuisinier F, Orti V. Dental pulp stem cells used to deliver the anticancer drug paclitaxel. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:103. [PMID: 29650042 PMCID: PMC5897939 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding stem cell behavior as a delivery tool in cancer therapy is essential for evaluating their future clinical potential. Previous in-vivo studies proved the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for local delivery of the commonest anticancer drug, paclitaxel (PTX). Dental pulp is a relatively abundant noninvasive source of MSCs. We assess dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), for the first time, as anticancer drug carriers. Confocal Raman microscopy is a unique tool to trace drug and cell viability without labeling. Methods Drug uptake and cell apoptosis are identified through confocal Raman microscope. We traced translocation of cytochrome c enzyme from the mitochondria, as a biomarker for apoptosis, after testing both cancer and stem cells. The viability of stem cells was checked by means of confocal Raman microscope and by cytotoxicity assays. Results In this study, we prove that DPSCs can be loaded in vitro with the anticancerous drug without affecting their viability, which is later released in the culture medium of breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells) in a time-dependent fashion. The induced cytotoxic damage in MCF-7 cells was observed consequently after PTX release by DPSCs. Additionally, quantitative Raman images of intracellular drug uptake in DPSCs and MCF-7 cells were obtained. Cytotoxic assays prove the DPSCs to be more resistant to PTX as compared to bone marrow-derived MSCs, provided similar conditions. Conclusions Applications of dental stem cells for targeted treatment of cancer could be a revolution to reduce morbidity due to chemotherapy, and to increase the efficacy of systemic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Csilla Gergely
- L2C, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Valerie Orti
- LBN, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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22
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Alcayaga-Miranda F, González PL, Lopez-Verrilli A, Varas-Godoy M, Aguila-Díaz C, Contreras L, Khoury M. Prostate tumor-induced angiogenesis is blocked by exosomes derived from menstrual stem cells through the inhibition of reactive oxygen species. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44462-44477. [PMID: 27286448 PMCID: PMC5190111 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete exosomes that are capable of modifying the tumor environment through different mechanisms including changes in the cancer-cell secretome. This activity depends on their cargo content that is largely defined by their cellular origin. Endometrial cells are fine regulators of the angiogenic process during the menstrual cycle that includes an angiostatic condition that is associated with the end of the cycle. Hence, we studied the angiogenic activity of menstrual stem cells (MenSCs)-secreted exosomes on prostate PC3 tumor cells. Our results showed that exosomes induce a reduction in VEGF secretion and NF-κB activity. Lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in exosomes-treated cells was detected by the DCF method, suggesting that the inhibition of the intracellular ROS impacts both NF-κB and VEGF pathways. We confirmed using tubule formation and plug transplantation assays that MenSCs-exosomes suppress the secretion of pro-angiogenic factors by the PC3 cells in a ROS-dependent manner. The inhibition of the tumor angiogenesis and, consequently, the tumor growth was also confirmed using a xenograft mouse model. Additionally, the anti-tumoral effect was associated with a reduction of tumor hemoglobin content, vascular density and inhibition of VEGF and HIF-1α expression. Importantly, we demonstrate that the exosomes anti-angiogenic effect is specific to the menstrual cell source, as bone marrow MSCs-derived exosomes showed an opposite effect on the VEGF and bFGF expression in tumor cells. Altogether, our results indicate that MenSCs-derived exosomes acts as blockers of the tumor-induced angiogenesis and therefore could be suitable for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Alcayaga-Miranda
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paz L González
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Aguila-Díaz
- Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Contreras
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile.,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
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23
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Oloyo AK, Ambele MA, Pepper MS. Contrasting Views on the Role of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells in Tumour Growth: A Systematic Review of Experimental Design. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1083:103-124. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2017_118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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24
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Qin Y, Zhuo L, Cai J, He X, Liu B, Feng C, Zhang L. In vivo monitoring of magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells homing to rabbit hepatic VX2 tumors using magnetic resonance imaging. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:452-458. [PMID: 29115453 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to possess a tumor‑homing feature, their tropism to liver tumors has not been delineated in a visible manner. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the tumor‑homing capacity of MSCs and to investigate the spatial and temporal distributions of MSCs in liver tumors using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MSCs were colabeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles and 4',6‑diamidino‑2‑phenylindole (DAPI), and then transplanted into rabbits with VX2 liver tumors through intravenous injections. The rabbits were subjected to MRI before and at 3, 7 and 14 days after cell transplantation using a clinical 1.5‑T MRI system. Immediately after the MRI examination, histological analyses were performed using fluorescence and Prussian blue staining. At 3 days after injection with labeled MSCs, heterogeneous hypointensity was detected on the MRI images of the tumor. At 7 days after transplantation, the tumor exhibited anisointense MRI signal, whereas a hypointense ring was detected at the border of the tumor. At 14 days after transplantation, the MRI signal recovered the hyperintensity. As demonstrated in the histological analyses, the distribution of the iron particles visualized with Prussian blue staining was consistent with the DAPI‑stained bright fluorescent nuclei, and the particles corresponded to the hypointense region on the MR images. Thus, systemically administered MSCs could localize to liver tumors with high specificity and possessed a migration feature with active tumor growth. These results demonstrated that the targeting and distribution of the magnetically labeled stem cells in the tumor could be tracked for 7 days in vivo using a clinical 1.5‑T MRI scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qin
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Lisha Zhuo
- Outpatient Department, 77100 Troops, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400020, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Cai
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoya He
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Feng
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinan Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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Pacioni S, D'Alessandris QG, Giannetti S, Morgante L, Coccè V, Bonomi A, Buccarelli M, Pascucci L, Alessandri G, Pessina A, Ricci-Vitiani L, Falchetti ML, Pallini R. Human mesenchymal stromal cells inhibit tumor growth in orthotopic glioblastoma xenografts. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:53. [PMID: 28279193 PMCID: PMC5345323 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0516-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent an attractive tool for cell-based cancer therapy mainly because of their ability to migrate to tumors and to release bioactive molecules. However, the impact of MSCs on tumor growth has not been fully established. We previously demonstrated that murine MSCs show a strong tropism towards glioblastoma (GBM) brain xenografts and that these cells are able to uptake and release the chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel (PTX), maintaining their tropism towards the tumor. Here, we address the therapy-relevant issue of using MSCs from human donors (hMSCs) for local or systemic administration in orthotopic GBM models, including xenografts of patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs). METHODS U87MG or GSC1 cells expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) were grafted onto the striatum of immunosuppressed rats. Adipose hMSCs (Ad-hMSCs), fluorescently labeled with the mCherry protein, were inoculated adjacent to or into the tumor. In rats bearing U87MG xenografts, systemic injections of Ad-hMSCs or bone marrow (BM)-hMSCs were done via the femoral vein or carotid artery. In each experiment, either PTX-loaded or unloaded hMSCs were used. To characterize the effects of hMSCs on tumor growth, we analyzed survival, tumor volume, tumor cell proliferation, and microvascular density. RESULTS Overall, the AD-hMSCs showed remarkable tropism towards the tumor. Intracerebral injection of Ad-hMSCs significantly improved the survival of rats with U87MG xenografts. This effect was associated with a reduction in tumor growth, tumor cell proliferation, and microvascular density. In GSC1 xenografts, intratumoral injection of Ad-hMSCs depleted the tumor cell population and induced migration of resident microglial cells. Overall, PTX loading did not significantly enhance the antitumor potential of hMSCs. Systemically injected Ad- and BM-hMSCs homed to tumor xenografts. The efficiency of hMSC homing ranged between 0.02 and 0.5% of the injected cells, depending both on the route of cell injection and on the source from which the hMSCs were derived. Importantly, systemically injected PTX-loaded hMSCs that homed to the xenograft induced cytotoxic damage to the surrounding tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS hMSCs have a therapeutic potential in GBM brain xenografts which is also expressed against the GSC population. In this context, PTX loading of hMSCs seems to play a minor role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pacioni
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,CNR-Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Giannetti
- Institute of Anatomy, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Liliana Morgante
- Institute of Anatomy, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Coccè
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Bonomi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Buccarelli
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Pascucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulio Alessandri
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Augusto Pessina
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Ricci-Vitiani
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Pallini
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Stem cell-based drug delivery for cancer therapy has steadily gained momentum in the past decade as several studies have reported stem cells' inherent tropism towards tumors. Since this science is still in its early stages and there are many factors that could significantly impact tumor tropism of stem cells, some contradictory results have been observed. This review starts by examining a number of proof-of-concept studies that demonstrate the potential application of stem cells in cancer therapy. Studies that illustrate stem cells' tumor tropism and discuss the technical difficulties that could impact the therapeutic outcome are also highlighted. The discussion also emphasizes stem cell imaging/tracking, as it plays a crucial role in performing reliable dose-response studies and evaluating the therapeutic outcome of treatment protocols. In each section, the pros and cons associated with each method are highlighted, limitations are underlined, and potential solutions are discussed. The overall intention is to familiarize the reader with important practical issues related to stem cell cancer tropism and in vivo tracking, underline the shortcomings, and emphasize critical factors that need to be considered for effective translation of this science into the clinic.
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Martel-Frachet V, Keramidas M, Nurisso A, DeBonis S, Rome C, Coll JL, Boumendjel A, Skoufias DA, Ronot X. IPP51, a chalcone acting as a microtubule inhibitor with in vivo antitumor activity against bladder carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14669-86. [PMID: 26036640 PMCID: PMC4546496 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously identified 1-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(1-methylindolyl) propenone (IPP51), a new chalcone derivative that is capable of inducing prometaphase arrest and subsequent apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that IPP51 selectively inhibits proliferation of tumor-derived cells versus normal non-tumor cells. IPP51 interfered with spindle formation and mitotic chromosome alignment. Accumulation of cyclin B1 and mitotic checkpoint proteins Bub1 and BubR1 on chromosomes in IPP51 treated cells indicated the activation of spindle-assembly checkpoint, which is consistent with the mitotic arrest. The antimitotic actions of other chalcones are often associated with microtubule disruption. Indeed, IPP51 inhibited tubulin polymerization in an in vitro assay with purified tubulin. In cells, IPP51 induced an increase in soluble tubulin. Furthermore, IPP51 inhibited in vitro capillary-like tube formation by endothelial cells, indicating that it has anti-angiogenic activity. Molecular docking showed that the indol group of IPP51 can be accommodated in the colchicine binding site of tubulin. This characteristic was confirmed by an in vitro competition assay demonstrating that IPP51 can compete for colchicine binding to soluble tubulin. Finally, in a human bladder xenograft mouse model, IPP51 inhibited tumor growth without signs of toxicity. Altogether, these findings suggest that IPP51 is an attractive new microtubule-targeting agent with potential chemotherapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Martel-Frachet
- Université Joseph Fourier, AGIM CNRS FRE, EPHE, GRENOBLE Cedex 9. Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Michelle Keramidas
- Unité INSERM/UJF U823, Centre de recherche Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France
| | - Alessandra Nurisso
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Claire Rome
- Unité Inserm, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Site Santé, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Unité INSERM/UJF U823, Centre de recherche Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France
| | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Université de Grenoble/CNRS, UMR, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | | | - Xavier Ronot
- Université Joseph Fourier, AGIM CNRS FRE, EPHE, GRENOBLE Cedex 9. Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
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Harnessing the Angiogenic Potential of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Vascular Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:3409169. [PMID: 27127516 PMCID: PMC4834153 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3409169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to display important regenerative properties through the secretion of proangiogenic factors. Recent evidence pointed at the key role played by exosomes released from MSCs in this paracrine mechanism. Exosomes are key mediators of intercellular communication and contain a cargo that includes a modifiable content of microRNA (miRNA), mRNA, and proteins. Since the biogenesis of the MSCs-derived exosomes is regulated by the cross talk between MSCs and their niche, the content of the exosomes and consequently their biological function are dependent on the cell of origin and the physiologic or pathologic status of their microenvironment. Recent preclinical studies revealed that MSCs-derived exosomes have a critical implication in the angiogenic process since the use of exosomes-depleted conditioned medium impaired the MSCs angiogenesis response. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge related to the angiogenic potential of MSCs-exosomes and methods to enhance their biological activities for improved vascular regeneration. The current gain of insight in exosomes studies highlights the power of combining cell based therapies and their secreted products in therapeutic angiogenesis.
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Attar-Schneider O, Zismanov V, Dabbah M, Tartakover-Matalon S, Drucker L, Lishner M. Multiple myeloma and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells' crosstalk: Effect on translation initiation. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1343-54. [PMID: 26293751 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) malignant plasma cells reside in the bone marrow (BM) and convert it into a specialized pre-neoplastic niche that promotes the proliferation and survival of the cancer cells. BM resident mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are altered in MM and in vitro studies indicate their transformation by MM proximity is within hours. The response time frame suggested that protein translation may be implicated. Thus, we assembled a co-culture model of MM cell lines with MSCs from normal donors (ND) and MM patients to test our hypothesis. The cell lines (U266, ARP-1) and BM-MSCs (ND, MM) were harvested separately after 72 h of co-culture and assayed for proliferation, death, levels of major translation initiation factors (eIF4E, eIF4GI), their targets, and regulators. Significant changes were observed: BM-MSCs (ND and MM) co-cultured with MM cell lines displayed elevated proliferation and death as well as increased expression/activity of eIF4E/eIF4GI; MM cell lines co-cultured with MM-MSCs also displayed higher proliferation and death rates coupled with augmented translation initiation factors; in contrast, MM cell lines co-cultured with ND-MSCs did not display elevated proliferation only death and had no changes in eIF4GI levels/activity. eIF4E expression was increased in one of the cell lines. Our study demonstrates that there is direct dialogue between the MM and BM-MSCs populations that includes translation initiation manipulation and critically affects cell fate. Future research should be aimed at identifying therapeutic targets that may be used to minimize the collateral damage to the cancer microenvironment and limit its recruitment into the malignant process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrat Attar-Schneider
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Victoria Zismanov
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mahmoud Dabbah
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shelly Tartakover-Matalon
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Drucker
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Lishner
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Internal Medicine, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
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RHYU JUNGJOO, YUN JUNWON, KWON EUNA, CHE JEONGHWAN, KANG BYEONGCHEOL. Dual effects of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 xenografts and colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 xenografts in mice. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1733-44. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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31
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MitoCeption as a new tool to assess the effects of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell mitochondria on cancer cell metabolism and function. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9073. [PMID: 25766410 PMCID: PMC4358056 DOI: 10.1038/srep09073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial activity is central to tissue homeostasis. Mitochondria dysfunction constitutes a hallmark of many genetic diseases and plays a key role in tumor progression. The essential role of mitochondria, added to their recently documented capacity to transfer from cell to cell, obviously contributes to their current interest. However, determining the proper role of mitochondria in defined biological contexts was hampered by the lack of suitable experimental tools. We designed a protocol (MitoCeption) to directly and quantitatively transfer mitochondria, isolated from cell type A, to recipient cell type B. We validated and quantified the effective mitochondria transfer by imaging, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and mitochondrial DNA analysis. We show that the transfer of minute amounts of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) mitochondria to cancer cells, a process otherwise occurring naturally in coculture, results in cancer cell enhanced oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) activity and favors cancer cell proliferation and invasion. The MitoCeption technique, which can be applied to different cell systems, will therefore be a method of choice to analyze the metabolic modifications induced by exogenous mitochondria in host cells.
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32
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Dufort S, Bianchi A, Henry M, Lux F, Le Duc G, Josserand V, Louis C, Perriat P, Crémillieux Y, Tillement O, Coll JL. Nebulized gadolinium-based nanoparticles: a theranostic approach for lung tumor imaging and radiosensitization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:215-221. [PMID: 25201285 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common and most fatal cancer worldwide. Thus, improving early diagnosis and therapy is necessary. Previously, gadolinium-based ultra-small rigid platforms (USRPs) were developed to serve as multimodal imaging probes and as radiosensitizing agents. In addition, it was demonstrated that USRPs can be detected in the lungs using ultrashort echo-time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE-MRI) and fluorescence imaging after intrapulmonary administration in healthy animals. The goal of the present study is to evaluate their theranostic properties in mice with bioluminescent orthotopic lung cancer, after intrapulmonary nebulization or conventional intravenous administration. It is found that lung tumors can be detected non-invasively using fluorescence tomography or UTE-MRI after nebulization of USRPs, and this is confirmed by histological analysis of the lung sections. The deposition of USRPs around the tumor nodules is sufficient to generate a radiosensitizing effect when the mice are subjected to a single dose of 10 Gy conventional radiation one day after inhalation (mean survival time of 112 days versus 77 days for irradiated mice without USRPs treatment). No apparent systemic toxicity or induction of inflammation is observed. These results demonstrate the theranostic properties of USRPs for the multimodal detection of lung tumors and improved radiotherapy after nebulization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Dufort
- INSERM U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, 38706, Grenoble cedex, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Albert Bonniot, 38706, Grenoble cedex, France; Nano-H S.A.S, 2 place de l'Europe, 38070, Saint Quentin - Fallavier, France
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Liu R, Wei S, Chen J, Xu S. Mesenchymal stem cells in lung cancer tumor microenvironment: their biological properties, influence on tumor growth and therapeutic implications. Cancer Lett 2014; 353:145-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Atsuta I, Liu S, Miura Y, Akiyama K, Chen C, An Y, Shi S, Chen FM. Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit multiple myeloma cells via the Fas/Fas ligand pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 4:111. [PMID: 24025590 PMCID: PMC3854680 DOI: 10.1186/scrt322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cell-based therapy represents a new frontier in the treatment of a wide variety of human diseases traditionally associated with morbidity outcomes, including those involving inflammation, autoimmunity, tissue damage, and cancer. However, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease has raised concerns. Specifically, evidence has shown that infused MSCs might support tumor growth and metastasis. Methods In this study, we used a standard disseminated MM model in mice to identify the in vivo effects of intravenous MSC infusion. In addition, a series of in vitro co-culture assays were preformed to explore whether Fas/Fas ligand (Fas-L) is involved in the inhibitory effects of MSCs on MM cells. Results In the MM mouse model, treatment of MSCs with highly expressed Fas ligand (Fas-Lhigh MSCs) showed remarkable inhibitory effects on MM indenization in terms of extending the mouse survival rate and inhibiting tumor growth, bone resorption in the lumbus and collum femoris, and MM cell metastasis in the lungs and kidneys. In addition, reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis of MM cells was observed when co-cultured with Fas-Lhigh MSCs in vitro. Furthermore, mechanistically, the binding between Fas and Fas-L significantly induced apoptosis in MM cells, as evidenced through an increase in the expression of apoptosis marker and Fas in MM cells. In contrast, Fas-Lnull MSCs promote MM growth. Conclusions These data suggest that Fas/Fas-L-induced MM apoptosis plays a crucial role in the MSC-based inhibition of MM growth. Although whether MSCs inhibit or promote cancer growth remains controversial, the levels of Fas-L expression in MSCs determine, at least partially, the effects of MSCs on MM cell growth.
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35
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Chen Z, He X, He X, Chen X, Lin X, Zou Y, Wu X, Lan P. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:1402-8. [PMID: 25010644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is widely studied in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in basic and clinical research. However, patients with IBD have higher risk of developing colorectal cancer and MSC has dual effect on tumorigenesis. This study aims to evaluate the role of MSC on tumorigenesis of IBD. METHODS MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of allogenic mice and identified by flow cytometry. Mice in the model of colitis-associated tumorigenesis induced by azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium were injected with MSCs. Colon length, spleen size and tumors formation were assessed macroscopically. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and STAT3 phosphorylation in colon tissues were analyzed. RESULTS MSCs ameliorated the severity of colitis associated tumorigenesis compared with PBS control, with attenuated weight loss, longer colons and smaller spleens. Tumor number and tumor load were significantly less in the MSC group while tumor size remained comparable. Histological assessment indicated MSCs could reduce histological damage of the colon tissue. Decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), and down-regulation of STAT3 phosphorylation in colon tissue were found after MSC treatment. CONCLUSION MSCs might ameliorate the tumorigenesis of inflammatory bowel disease by suppression of expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and STAT3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexian Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xiaowen He
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xiaosheng He
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xiuting Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xutao Lin
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yifeng Zou
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Leng L, Wang Y, He N, Wang D, Zhao Q, Feng G, Su W, Xu Y, Han Z, Kong D, Cheng Z, Xiang R, Li Z. Molecular imaging for assessment of mesenchymal stem cells mediated breast cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5162-70. [PMID: 24685267 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tumor tropism of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) makes them an excellent delivery vehicle used in anticancer therapy. However, the exact mechanisms of MSCs involved in tumor microenvironment are still not well defined. Molecular imaging technologies with the versatility in monitoring the therapeutic effects, as well as basic molecular and cellular processes in real time, offer tangible options to better guide MSCs mediated cancer therapy. In this study, an in situ breast cancer model was developed with MDA-MB-231 cells carrying a reporter system encoding a double fusion (DF) reporter gene consisting of firefly luciferase (Fluc) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). In mice breast cancer model, we injected human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) armed with a triple fusion (TF) gene containing the herpes simplex virus truncated thymidine kinase (HSV-ttk), renilla luciferase (Rluc) and red fluorescent protein (RFP) into tumor on day 13, 18, 23 after MDA-MB-231 cells injection. Bioluminescence imaging of Fluc and Rluc provided the real time monitor of tumor cells and hUC-MSCs simultaneously. We found that tumors were significantly inhibited by hUC-MSCs administration, and this effect was enhanced by ganciclovir (GCV) application. To further demonstrate the effect of hUC-MSCs on tumor cells in vivo, we employed the near infrared (NIR) imaging and the results showed that hUC-MSCs could inhibit tumor angiogenesis and increased apoptosis to a certain degree. In conclusion, hUC-MSCs can inhibit breast cancer progression by inducing tumor cell death and suppressing angiogenesis. Moreover, molecular imaging is an invaluable tool in tracking cell delivery and tumor response to hUC-MSCs therapies as well as cellular and molecular processes in tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Leng
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China; The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, College of Life Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuebing Wang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning He
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Wang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianjie Zhao
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowei Feng
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weijun Su
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongchao Han
- State Key Lab of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Deling Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, College of Life Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rong Xiang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China; The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, College of Life Science, Tianjin, China.
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Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted increasing interest in the field of oncology because of their inherent capacity to migrate and home tumor tissues. The remarkable tropism of MSCs for tumor microenvironments has been exploited in order to use these cells as cellular vehicles to deliver gene therapies or anticancer agents. At functional levels, these cells display chemotactic properties similar to those of immune cells in response to tissue insult and inflammation and secrete a broad range of bioactive biomolecules with an impact on tumor development and a progression through direct actions on tumor cells and the stromal microenvironment. However, the exact contribution of such interactions in tumor progression has not yet been fully clarified, and some concerns remain regarding whether MSCs exert a tumor-suppressive effect or, on the contrary, favor tumor growth. The article by Keramidas and colleagues in this issue of Stem Cell Research & Therapy provides an interesting contribution to this hot topic.
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