1
|
Xu J, Fang L, Zhou J, Jiang H, Wu Y, Liang Y, Xiao C, Liu Q, Sun X, Lin Z. PEG 300 Promotes Mesodermal Differentiation in iPSC-Derived Embryoid Body Formation In Vitro. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400081. [PMID: 38977421 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Embryoid bodies (EB) are sensitive to changes in the culture conditions. Recent studies show that the addition of PEG 300 to culture medium affects cell growth and differentiation; however, its effect on the embryoid body is unclear. This study aims to understand the role of PEG 300 in the process of EB formation and germ layer differentiation. EBs formed more efficiently and differentiated toward the mesoderm when cultured in a medium supplemented with appropriate concentrations of PEG 300. The expression of T/Bry, a marker of mesodermal differentiation, increases in EBs in the PEG group, and the expression of TUBB3 generally decreases, showing a quantitative relationship with PEG. Furthermore, further differentiation of PEG-pretreated EB into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by directional induction shows that PEG 300-pretreated induced VSMCs have higher expression of phenotypic markers and greater secretory and contractile functions. This study highlights the role of PEG 300 in the culture medium during EB differentiation, which can significantly enhance mesodermal gene expression and the efficiency of subsequent differentiation into smooth muscle cells and other target cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Xu
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Lijun Fang
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Hongjing Jiang
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yindi Wu
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yuanfeng Liang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xuheng Sun
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhanyi Lin
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stampoultzis T, Rana VK, Guo Y, Pioletti DP. Impact of Molecular Dynamics of Polyrotaxanes on Chondrocytes in Double-Network Supramolecular Hydrogels under Physiological Thermomechanical Stimulation. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1144-1152. [PMID: 38166194 PMCID: PMC10865359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Hyaline cartilage, a soft tissue enriched with a dynamic extracellular matrix, manifests as a supramolecular system within load-bearing joints. At the same time, the challenge of cartilage repair through tissue engineering lies in replicating intricate cellular-matrix interactions. This study attempts to investigate chondrocyte responses within double-network supramolecular hybrid hydrogels tailored to mimic the dynamic molecular nature of hyaline cartilage. To this end, we infused noncovalent host-guest polyrotaxanes, by blending α-cyclodextrins as host molecules and polyethylene glycol as guests, into a gelatin-based covalent matrix, thereby enhancing its dynamic characteristics. Subsequently, chondrocytes were seeded into these hydrogels to systematically probe the effects of two concentrations of the introduced polyrotaxanes (instilling different levels of supramolecular dynamism in the hydrogel systems) on the cellular responsiveness. Our findings unveiled an augmented level of cellular mechanosensitivity for supramolecular hydrogels compared to pure covalent-based systems. This is demonstrated by an increased mRNA expression of ion channels (TREK1, TRPV4, and PIEZO1), signaling molecules (SOX9) and matrix-remodeling enzymes (LOXL2). Such outcomes were further elevated upon external application of biomimetic thermomechanical loading, which brought a stark increase in the accumulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and collagen. Overall, we found that matrix adaptability plays a pivotal role in modulating chondrocyte responses within double-network supramolecular hydrogels. These findings hold the potential for advancing cartilage engineering within load-bearing joints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dominique P. Pioletti
- Laboratory of Biomechanical
Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering,
EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xie G, Wu T, Ji G, Wu H, Lai Y, Wei B, Huang W. Circular RNA and intervertebral disc degeneration: unravelling mechanisms and implications. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1302017. [PMID: 38192334 PMCID: PMC10773835 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1302017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health problem worldwide and a significant health and economic burden. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the reason for LBP. However, we have not identified effective therapeutic strategies to address this challenge. With accumulating knowledge on the role of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of IDD, we realised that circular RNAs (circRNAs) may have tremendous therapeutic potential and clinical application prospects in this field. This review presents an overview of the current understanding of characteristics, classification, biogenesis, and function of circRNAs and summarises the protective and detrimental circRNAs involved in the intervertebral disc that have been studied thus far. This review is aimed to help researchers better understand the regulatory role of circRNAs in the progression of IDD, reveal their clinical therapeutic potential, and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and targeted treatment of IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guohao Xie
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tingrui Wu
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guangju Ji
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hang Wu
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yue Lai
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bourne LE, Hesketh A, Sharma A, Bucca G, Bush PG, Staines KA. The effects of physiological and injurious hydrostatic pressure on murine ex vivo articular and growth plate cartilage explants: an RNAseq study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1278596. [PMID: 38144567 PMCID: PMC10740163 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1278596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chondrocytes are continuously exposed to loads placed upon them. Physiological loads are pivotal to the maintenance of articular cartilage health, while abnormal loads contribute to pathological joint degradation. Similarly, the growth plate cartilage is subject to various loads during growth and development. Due to the high-water content of cartilage, hydrostatic pressure is considered one of the main biomechanical influencers on chondrocytes and has been shown to play an important role in the mechano-regulation of cartilage. Methods Herein, we conducted RNAseq analysis of ex vivo hip cap (articular), and metatarsal (growth plate) cartilage cultures subjected to physiological (5 MPa) and injurious (50 MPa) hydrostatic pressure, using the Illumina platform (n = 4 replicates). Results Several hundreds of genes were shown to be differentially modulated by hydrostatic pressure, with the majority of these changes evidenced in hip cap cartilage cultures (375 significantly upregulated and 322 downregulated in 5 MPa versus control; 1022 upregulated and 724 downregulated in 50 MPa versus control). Conversely, fewer genes were differentially affected by hydrostatic pressure in the metatarsal cultures (5 significantly upregulated and 23 downregulated in 5 MPa versus control; 7 significantly upregulated and 19 downregulated in 50 MPa versus control). Using Gene Ontology annotations for Biological Processes, in the hip cap data we identified a number of pathways that were modulated by both physiological and injurious hydrostatic pressure. Pathways upregulated in response to 50 MPa versus control, included those involved in the generation of precursor metabolites and cellular respiration. Biological processes that were downregulated in this tissue included ossification, connective tissue development, and chondrocyte differentiation. Discussion Collectively our data highlights the divergent chondrocyte phenotypes in articular and growth plate cartilage. Further, we show that the magnitude of hydrostatic pressure application has distinct effects on gene expression and biological processes in hip cap cartilage explants. Finally, we identified differential expression of a number of genes that have previously been identified as osteoarthritis risk genes, including Ctsk, and Chadl. Together these data may provide potential genetic targets for future investigations in osteoarthritis research and novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie E. Bourne
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Hesketh
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Aikta Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giselda Bucca
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Peter G. Bush
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine A. Staines
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Menezes R, Sherman L, Rameshwar P, Arinzeh TL. Scaffolds containing GAG-mimetic cellulose sulfate promote TGF-β interaction and MSC Chondrogenesis over native GAGs. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1135-1150. [PMID: 36708060 PMCID: PMC10277227 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to repair damaged tissue using approaches that include scaffolds containing components of the native extracellular matrix (ECM). Articular cartilage consists of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) which are known to sequester growth factors. In order to more closely mimic the native ECM, this study evaluated the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a promising cell source for cartilage regeneration, on fibrous scaffolds that contained the GAG-mimetic cellulose sulfate. The degree of sulfation was evaluated, examining partially sulfated cellulose (pSC) and fully sulfated cellulose (NaCS). Comparisons were made with scaffolds containing native GAGs (chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C and heparin). Transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-β3) sequestration, as measured by rate of association, was higher for sulfated cellulose-containing scaffolds as compared to native GAGs. In addition, TGF-β3 sequestration and retention over time was highest for NaCS-containing scaffolds. Sulfated cellulose-containing scaffolds loaded with TGF-β3 showed enhanced chondrogenesis as indicated by a higher Collagen Type II:I ratio over native GAGs. NaCS-containing scaffolds loaded with TGF-β3 had the highest expression of chondrogenic markers and a reduction of hypertrophic markers in dynamic loading conditions, which more closely mimic in vivo conditions. Studies also demonstrated that TGF-β3 mediated its effect through the Smad2/3 signaling pathway where the specificity of TGF-β receptor (TGF- βRI)-phosphorylated SMAD2/3 was verified with a receptor inhibitor. Therefore, studies demonstrate that scaffolds containing cellulose sulfate enhance TGF-β3-induced MSC chondrogenic differentiation and show promise for promoting cartilage tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roseline Menezes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lauren Sherman
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers University School of Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers University School of Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao X, Yuan J, Jia J, Zhang J, Liu J, Chen Q, Li T, Wu Z, Wu H, Miao X, Wu T, Li B, Cheng X. Role of non‑coding RNAs in cartilage endplate (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:312. [PMID: 37273754 PMCID: PMC10236100 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage endplate (CEP) degeneration is considered one of the major causes of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), which causes non-specific neck and lower back pain. In addition, several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long ncRNAs, microRNAs and circular RNAs have been shown to be involved in the regulation of various diseases. However, the particular role of ncRNAs in CEP remains unclear. Identifying these ncRNAs and their interactions may prove to be is useful for the understanding of CEP health and disease. These RNA molecules regulate signaling pathways and biological processes that are critical for a healthy CEP. When dysregulated, they can contribute to the development disease. Herein, studies related to ncRNAs interactions and regulatory functions in CEP are reviewed. In addition, a summary of the current knowledge regarding the deregulation of ncRNAs in IDD in relation to their actions on CEP cell functions, including cell proliferation, apoptosis and extracellular matrix synthesis/degradation is presented. The present review provides novel insight into the pathogenesis of IDD and may shed light on future therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jinghong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwen Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tianlong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xigao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vágó J, Takács R, Kovács P, Hajdú T, van der Veen DR, Matta C. Combining biomechanical stimulation and chronobiology: a novel approach for augmented chondrogenesis? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1232465. [PMID: 37456723 PMCID: PMC10349586 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1232465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique structure and composition of articular cartilage is critical for its physiological function. However, this architecture may get disrupted by degeneration or trauma. Due to the low intrinsic regeneration properties of the tissue, the healing response is generally poor. Low-grade inflammation in patients with osteoarthritis advances cartilage degradation, resulting in pain, immobility, and reduced quality of life. Generating neocartilage using advanced tissue engineering approaches may address these limitations. The biocompatible microenvironment that is suitable for cartilage regeneration may not only rely on cells and scaffolds, but also on the spatial and temporal features of biomechanics. Cell-autonomous biological clocks that generate circadian rhythms in chondrocytes are generally accepted to be indispensable for normal cartilage homeostasis. While the molecular details of the circadian clockwork are increasingly well understood at the cellular level, the mechanisms that enable clock entrainment by biomechanical signals, which are highly relevant in cartilage, are still largely unknown. This narrative review outlines the role of the biomechanical microenvironment to advance cartilage tissue engineering via entraining the molecular circadian clockwork, and highlights how application of this concept may enhance the development and successful translation of biomechanically relevant tissue engineering interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Vágó
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Roland Takács
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Patrik Kovács
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Hajdú
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Daan R. van der Veen
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Csaba Matta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vaca-González JJ, Culma JJS, Nova LMH, Garzón-Alvarado DA. Anatomy, molecular structures, and hyaluronic acid - Gelatin injectable hydrogels as a therapeutic alternative for hyaline cartilage recovery: A review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023. [PMID: 37178328 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage damage caused by trauma or osteoarthritis is a common joint disease that can increase the social and economic burden in society. Due to its avascular characteristics, the poor migration ability of chondrocytes, and a low number of progenitor cells, the self-healing ability of cartilage defects has been significantly limited. Hydrogels have been developed into one of the most suitable biomaterials for the regeneration of cartilage because of its characteristics such as high-water absorption, biodegradation, porosity, and biocompatibility similar to natural extracellular matrix. Therefore, the present review article presents a conceptual framework that summarizes the anatomical, molecular structure and biochemical properties of hyaline cartilage located in long bones: articular cartilage and growth plate. Moreover, the importance of preparation and application of hyaluronic acid - gelatin hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering are included. Hydrogels possess benefits of stimulating the production of Agc1, Col2α1-IIa, and SOX9, molecules important for the synthesis and composition of the extracellular matrix of cartilage. Accordingly, they are believed to be promising biomaterials of therapeutic alternatives to treat cartilage damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jairo Vaca-González
- Escuela de Pregrado, Dirección Académica, Vicerrectoría de Sede, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede de La Paz, Cesar, Colombia
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan José Saiz Culma
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Diego Alexander Garzón-Alvarado
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Numerical Methods and Modeling Research Group (GNUM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Konar E, Khatami SR, Pezeshki SP, Shafiei M, Hajjari MR. The effect of PRP and hyperosmolarity simultaneous use on expression profile alteration of miRNAs associated with cartilage differentiation in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Gene 2023; 859:147188. [PMID: 36632912 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a type of multipotent stem cell whose differentiation into cartilage cells has been considered in recent years. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may impair cartilage differentiation due to its richness in growth factors and hyperosmolarity due to its proximity to the required cartilage environment. OBJECTIVES The main purpose of this study was to treat human adipose tissue-derived MSCs concurrently with PRP and hyperosmolarity to investigate the expression profile of micro-RNA (miRNA) involved in the cartilage process differentiation. We examined the effect of PRP and the increase in osmolarity on the expression of miR-27, miR-101, miR-140, miR-145, miR-146, and miR-199. METHODS Mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from human adipose tissue and differentiated into chondrocytes and the effect of baseline cultures (diff), PRP (prp), hyperosmolarity (os), base plus hyperosmolarity (diff + os), PRP plus hyperosmolarity (prp + os) next to the control group were studied in cartilage differentiation using specific stains such as Alcian blue, hematoxylin and eosin, and collagen type 2 and 10 immunohistochemistry. In addition, the expression of miR-27, miR-140, miR-199, miR-146, miR-101, and miR-145 was evaluated using real-time PCR. CONCLUSION Human adipose tissue-derived MSCs with the ability to differentiate into adipocytes and osteocytes showed the properties of chondrocytes in all differentiation groups. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity and calcium deposition were lower in the diff + os group than in other groups. Therefore, the diff + os group may be a more suitable environment for cartilage differentiation. Furthermore, 5% PRP concentration and hyperosmolarity showed a positive effect on miR-140, miR-199, miR-27, and, miR-146 and a negative effect on miR-101 and miR-145 on cartilage differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Konar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - S R Khatami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - S P Pezeshki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - M Shafiei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - M R Hajjari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Uzieliene I, Bironaite D, Bagdonas E, Pachaleva J, Sobolev A, Tsai WB, Kvederas G, Bernotiene E. The Effects of Mechanical Load on Chondrogenic Responses of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Chondrocytes Encapsulated in Chondroitin Sulfate-Based Hydrogel. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032915. [PMID: 36769232 PMCID: PMC9918200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is vulnerable to mechanical overload and has limited ability to restore lesions, which leads to the development of chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). In this study, the chondrogenic responses of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and OA cartilage-derived chondrocytes in 3D chondroitin sulfate-tyramine/gelatin (CS-Tyr)/Gel) hydrogels with or without experimental mechanical load have been investigated. Chondrocytes were smaller in size, had slower proliferation rate and higher level of intracellular calcium (iCa2+) compared to BMMSCs. Under 3D chondrogenic conditions in CS-Tyr/Gel with or without TGF-β3, chondrocytes more intensively secreted cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and expressed collagen type II (COL2A1) and aggrecan (ACAN) genes but were more susceptible to mechanical load compared to BMMSCs. ICa2+ was more stably controlled in CS-Tyr/Gel/BMMSCs than in CS-Tyr/Gel/chondrocytes ones, through the expression of L-type channel subunit CaV1.2 (CACNA1C) and Serca2 pump (ATP2A2) genes, and their balance was kept more stable. Due to the lower susceptibility to mechanical load, BMMSCs in CS-Tyr/Gel hydrogel may have an advantage over chondrocytes in application for cartilage regeneration purposes. The mechanical overload related cartilage damage in vivo and the vague regenerative processes of OA chondrocytes might be associated to the inefficient control of iCa2+ regulating channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Uzieliene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Bironaite
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Edvardas Bagdonas
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jolita Pachaleva
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arkadij Sobolev
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Wei-Bor Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Giedrius Kvederas
- The Clinic of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eiva Bernotiene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-6837-7130
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Transcriptomic response of bioengineered human cartilage to parabolic flight microgravity is sex-dependent. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:5. [PMID: 36658138 PMCID: PMC9852254 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight and simulated spaceflight microgravity induced osteoarthritic-like alterations at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels in the articular and meniscal cartilages of rodents. But little is known about the effect of spaceflight or simulated spaceflight microgravity on the transcriptome of tissue-engineered cartilage developed from human cells. In this study, we investigate the effect of simulated spaceflight microgravity facilitated by parabolic flights on tissue-engineered cartilage developed from in vitro chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells obtained from age-matched female and male donors. The successful induction of cartilage-like tissue was confirmed by the expression of well-demonstrated chondrogenic markers. Our bulk transcriptome data via RNA sequencing demonstrated that parabolic flight altered mostly fundamental biological processes, and the modulation of the transcriptome profile showed sex-dependent differences. The secretome profile analysis revealed that two genes (WNT7B and WNT9A) from the Wnt-signaling pathway, which is implicated in osteoarthritis development, were only up-regulated for female donors. The results of this study showed that the engineered cartilage tissues responded to microgravity in a sex-dependent manner, and the reported data offers a strong foundation to further explore the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
|
12
|
Popov VL, Poliakov AM, Pakhaliuk VI. In silico evaluation of the mechanical stimulation effect on the regenerative rehabilitation for the articular cartilage local defects. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1134786. [PMID: 36960336 PMCID: PMC10027915 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1134786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is one of the most severe diseases of the human musculoskeletal system, and therefore, for many years, special attention has been paid to the search for effective methods of its treatment. However, even the most modern methods only in a limited number of cases in the early or intermediate stages of osteoarthritis lead to positive treatment results. In the later stages of development, osteoarthritis is practically incurable and most often ends with disability or the need for joint replacement for a large number of people. One of the main reasons hindering the development of osteoarthritis treatment methods is the peculiarities of articular cartilage, in which there is practically no vascular network and tissue homeostasis is carried out mainly due to the diffusion of nutrients present in the synovial fluid. In modern medicine, for the treatment of osteoarthritis, tissue engineering strategies have been developed based on the implantation of scaffolds populated with chondrogenic cells into the area of the defect. In vitro studies have established that these cells are highly mechanosensitive and, under the influence of mechanical stimuli of a certain type and intensity, their ability to proliferate and chondrogenesis increases. This property can be used to improve the efficiency of regenerative rehabilitation technologies based on the synergistic combination of cellular technologies, tissue engineering strategies, and mechanical tissue stimulation. In this work, using a regenerative rehabilitation mathematical model of local articular cartilage defects, numerical experiments were performed, the results of which indicate that the micro-and macro environment of the restored tissue, which changes during mechanical stimulation, has a significant effect on the formation of the extracellular matrix, and, consequently, cartilage tissue generally. The results obtained can be used to plan strategies for mechanical stimulation, based on the analysis of the results of cell proliferation experimental assessment after each stimulation procedure in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin L. Popov
- Institute of Mechanics, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Valentin L. Popov,
| | | | - Vladimir I. Pakhaliuk
- Polytechnic Institute, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
- Vladimir I. Pakhaliuk,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang H, Ma Y, Wang Y, Niu L, Zou R, Zhang M, Liu H, Genin GM, Li A, Xu F. Rational Design of Soft-Hard Interfaces through Bioinspired Engineering. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2204498. [PMID: 36228093 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soft-hard tissue interfaces in nature present a diversity of hierarchical transitions in composition and structure to address the challenge of stress concentrations that would otherwise arise at their interface. The translation of these into engineered materials holds promise for improved function of biomedical interfaces. Here, soft-hard tissue interfaces found in the body in health and disease, and the application of the diverse, functionally graded, and hierarchical structures that they present to bioinspired engineering materials are reviewed. A range of such bioinspired engineering materials and associated manufacturing technologies that are on the horizon in interfacial tissue engineering, hydrogel bioadhesion at the interfaces, and healthcare and medical devices are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Lin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Guy M Genin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dicks AR, Steward N, Guilak F, Wu CL. Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2598:87-114. [PMID: 36355287 PMCID: PMC9830630 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2839-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The generation of large quantities of genetically defined human chondrocytes remains a critical step for the development of tissue engineering strategies for cartilage regeneration and high-throughput drug screening. This protocol describes chondrogenic differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which can undergo genetic modification and the capacity for extensive cell expansion. The hiPSCs are differentiated in a stepwise manner in monolayer through the mesodermal lineage for 12 days using defined growth factors and small molecules. This is followed by 28 days of chondrogenic differentiation in a 3D pellet culture system using transforming growth factor beta 3 and specific compounds to inhibit off-target differentiation. The 6-week protocol results in hiPSC-derived cartilaginous tissue that can be characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression or enzymatically digested to isolate chondrocyte-like cells. Investigators can use this protocol for experiments including genetic engineering, in vitro disease modeling, or tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Dicks
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nancy Steward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu W, Zhu J, Hu J, Xiao L. Engineering the biomechanical microenvironment of chondrocytes towards articular cartilage tissue engineering. Life Sci 2022; 309:121043. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
16
|
Ding SL, Liu X, Zhao XY, Wang KT, Xiong W, Gao ZL, Sun CY, Jia MX, Li C, Gu Q, Zhang MZ. Microcarriers in application for cartilage tissue engineering: Recent progress and challenges. Bioact Mater 2022; 17:81-108. [PMID: 35386447 PMCID: PMC8958326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful regeneration of cartilage tissue at a clinical scale has been a tremendous challenge in the past decades. Microcarriers (MCs), usually used for cell and drug delivery, have been studied broadly across a wide range of medical fields, especially the cartilage tissue engineering (TE). Notably, microcarrier systems provide an attractive method for regulating cell phenotype and microtissue maturations, they also serve as powerful injectable carriers and are combined with new technologies for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we introduced the typical methods to fabricate various types of microcarriers and discussed the appropriate materials for microcarriers. Furthermore, we highlighted recent progress of applications and general design principle for microcarriers. Finally, we summarized the current challenges and promising prospects of microcarrier-based systems for medical applications. Overall, this review provides comprehensive and systematic guidelines for the rational design and applications of microcarriers in cartilage TE. This review summarized fabrication techniques and cartilage repaired application of microcarriers. The appropriate materials and design principle for microcarriers in cartilage tissue engineering are discussed. Promising future perspectives and challenges in microcarriers fields are outlined.
Collapse
|
17
|
Macica CM, Luo J, Tommasini SM. The Enthesopathy of XLH Is a Mechanical Adaptation to Osteomalacia: Biomechanical Evidence from Hyp Mice. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:313-322. [PMID: 35618776 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A major comorbidity of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is fibrocartilaginous tendinous insertion site mineralization resulting in painful enthesophytes that contribute to the adult clinical picture and significantly impact physical function. Enthesophytes in Hyp mice, a murine model of XLH are the result of a hyperplastic expansion of resident alkaline phosphatase, Sox9-positive mineralizing fibrochondrocytes. Here, we hypothesized hyperplasia as a compensatory physical adaptation to aberrant mechanical stresses at the level of the entheses interface inserting into pathologically soft bone. To test this hypothesis, we examined the Achilles insertion of the triceps surae developed under normal and impaired loading conditions in Hyp and WT mice. Tensile stiffness, ultimate strength, and maximum strain were measured and compared. Biomechanical testing revealed that under normal loading conditions, despite inserting into a soft bone matrix, both the enthesophyte development (9 weeks) and progression (6-8 months) of Hyp mice were equivalent to the mechanical properties of WT mice. Unloading the insertion during development significantly reduced alkaline phosphatase, Sox9-positive fibrochondrocytes. In WT mice, this correlated with a decrease in stiffness and ultimate strength relative to the control limb, confirming the critical role of mechanical loading in the development of the enthesis. Most significantly, in response to unloading, maximum strain was increased in tensile tests only in the setting of subchondral osteomalacia of Hyp mice. These data suggest that mineralizing fibrochondrocyte expansion in XLH occurs as a compensatory adaptation to the soft bone matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Macica
- Department of Medical Sciences, Frank H. Netter, M.D., School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, 06518, USA.
- , 275, Mt Carmel Ave, Hamden, CT, 06518, USA.
| | - Jack Luo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Frank H. Netter, M.D., School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, 06518, USA
| | - Steven M Tommasini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Peussa H, Kreutzer J, Mäntylä E, Mäki AJ, Nymark S, Kallio P, Ihalainen TO. Pneumatic equiaxial compression device for mechanical manipulation of epithelial cell packing and physiology. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268570. [PMID: 35657824 PMCID: PMC9165817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that mechanical cues, e.g., tensile- compressive- or shear forces, are important co-regulators of cell and tissue physiology. To understand the mechanistic effects these cues have on cells, technologies allowing precise mechanical manipulation of the studied cells are required. As the significance of cell density i.e., packing on cellular behavior is beginning to unravel, we sought to design an equiaxial cell compression device based on our previously published cell stretching system. We focused on improving the suitability for microscopy and the user-friendliness of the system. By introducing a hinge structure to the substrate stretch generating vacuum chamber, we managed to decrease the z-displacement of the cell culture substrate, thus reducing the focal plane drift. The vacuum battery, the mini-incubator, as well as the custom-made vacuum pressure controller make the experimental setup more flexible and portable. Furthermore, we improved the efficiency and repeatability of manufacture of the device by designing a mold that can be used to cast the body of the device. We also compared several different silicone membranes, and chose SILPURAN® due to its best microscopy imaging properties. Here, we show that the device can produce a maximum 8.5% radial pre-strain which leads to a 15% equiaxial areal compression as the pre-strain is released. When tested with epithelial cells, upon compression, we saw a decrease in cell cross-sectional area and an increase in cell layer height. Additionally, before compression the cells had two distinct cell populations with different cross-sectional areas that merged into a more uniform population due to compression. In addition to these morphological changes, we detected an alteration in the nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of YAP1, suggesting that the cellular packing is enough to induce mechanical signaling in the epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Peussa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Joose Kreutzer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Elina Mäntylä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti-Juhana Mäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Soile Nymark
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pasi Kallio
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu O. Ihalainen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Volz M, Wyse-Sookoo KR, Travascio F, Huang CY, Best TM. MECHANOBIOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR STIMULATING CHONDROGENESIS OF STEM CELLS. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:460-487. [PMID: 35615879 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrogenesis is the process of differentiation of stem cells into mature chondrocytes. Such a process consists of chemical, functional, and structural changes which are initiated and mediated by the host environment of the cells. To date, the mechanobiology of chondrogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Hence, experimental activity is focused on recreating specific environmental conditions for stimulating chondrogenesis, and to look for a mechanistic interpretation of the mechanobiological response of cells in the cartilaginous tissues. There are a large number of studies on the topic that vary considerably in their experimental protocols used for providing environmental cues to cells for differentiation, making generalizable conclusions difficult to ascertain. The main objective of this contribution is to review the mechanobiological stimulation of stem cell chondrogenesis and methodological approaches utilized to date to promote chondrogenesis of stem cells in-vitro. In-vivo models will also be explored, but this area is currently limited. An overview of the experimental approaches used by different research groups may help the development of unified testing methods that could be used to overcome existing knowledge gaps, leading to an accelerated translation of experimental findings to clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallory Volz
- University of Miami, 5452, Biomedical Engineering, Coral Gables, Florida, United States;
| | | | - Francesco Travascio
- University of Miami, 5452, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 1251 Memorial Drive, MEB 217B, Coral Gables, Florida, United States, 33146;
| | - Chun-Yuh Huang
- University of Miami, 5452, Biomedical Engineering, Coral Gables, Florida, United States;
| | - Thomas M Best
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 12235, School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Comellas E, Farkas JE, Kleinberg G, Lloyd K, Mueller T, Duerr TJ, Muñoz JJ, Monaghan JR, Shefelbine SJ. Local mechanical stimuli correlate with tissue growth in axolotl salamander joint morphogenesis. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220621. [PMID: 35582804 PMCID: PMC9114971 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Movement-induced forces are critical to correct joint formation, but it is unclear how cells sense and respond to these mechanical cues. To study the role of mechanical stimuli in the shaping of the joint, we combined experiments on regenerating axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) forelimbs with a poroelastic model of bone rudiment growth. Animals either regrew forelimbs normally (control) or were injected with a transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) agonist during joint morphogenesis. We quantified growth and shape in regrown humeri from whole-mount light sheet fluorescence images of the regenerated limbs. Results revealed significant differences in morphology and cell proliferation between groups, indicating that TRPV4 desensitization has an effect on joint shape. To link TRPV4 desensitization with impaired mechanosensitivity, we developed a finite element model of a regenerating humerus. Local tissue growth was the sum of a biological contribution proportional to chondrocyte density, which was constant, and a mechanical contribution proportional to fluid pressure. Computational predictions of growth agreed with experimental outcomes of joint shape, suggesting that interstitial pressure driven from cyclic mechanical stimuli promotes local tissue growth. Predictive computational models informed by experimental findings allow us to explore potential physical mechanisms involved in tissue growth to advance our understanding of the mechanobiology of joint morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Comellas
- Serra Húnter Fellow, Department of Physics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Giona Kleinberg
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Katlyn Lloyd
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Jose J. Muñoz
- Department of Mathematics, Laboratori de Càlcul Numeric (LaCàN), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre Internacional de Mètodes Numèrics en Enginyeria (CIMNE), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Matemàtiques de la UPC-BarcelonaTech (IMTech), Barcelona, Spain
| | - James R. Monaghan
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
- Institute for Chemical Imaging of Living Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sandra J. Shefelbine
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lückgen J, Raqué E, Reiner T, Diederichs S, Richter W. NFκB inhibition to lift the mechano-competence of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived neocartilage toward articular chondrocyte levels. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:168. [PMID: 35477424 PMCID: PMC9044876 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fully functional regeneration of skeletal defects by multipotent progenitor cells requires that differentiating cells gain the specific mechano-competence needed in the target tissue. Using cartilage neogenesis as an example, we asked whether proper phenotypic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) into chondrocytes in vitro will install the adequate biological mechano-competence of native articular chondrocytes (AC). Methods The mechano-competence of human MSC- and AC-derived neocartilage was compared during differentiation for up to 35 days. The neocartilage layer was subjected to physiologic dynamic loading in a custom-designed bioreactor and assayed for mechano-sensitive gene and pathway activation, extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis by radiolabel incorporation, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Input from different pathways was tested by application of agonists or antagonists. Results MSC and AC formed neocartilage of similar proteoglycan content with a hardness close to native tissue. Mechano-stimulation on day 21 and 35 induced a similar upregulation of mechano-response genes, ERK phosphorylation, NO production and PGE2 release in both groups, indicating an overall similar transduction of external mechanical signals. However, while AC maintained or enhanced proteoglycan synthesis after loading dependent on tissue maturity, ECM synthesis was always significantly disturbed by loading in MSC-derived neocartilage. This was accompanied by significantly higher COX2 and BMP2 background expression, > 100-fold higher PGE2 production and a weaker SOX9 stimulation in response to loading in MSC-derived neocartilage. Anabolic BMP-pathway activity was not rate limiting for ECM synthesis after loading in both groups. However, NFκB activation mimicked the negative loading effects and enhanced PGE2 production while inhibition of catabolic NFκB signaling rescued the load-induced negative effects on ECM synthesis in MSC-derived neocartilage. Conclusions MSC-derived chondrocytes showed a higher vulnerability to be disturbed by loading despite proper differentiation and did not acquire an AC-like mechano-competence to cope with the mechanical stress of a physiologic loading protocol. Managing catabolic NFκB influences was one important adaptation to install a mechano-resistance closer to AC-derived neocartilage. This new knowledge asks for a more functional adaptation of MSC chondrogenesis, novel pharmacologic co-treatment strategies for MSC-based clinical cartilage repair strategies and may aid a more rational design of physical rehabilitation therapy after AC- versus MSC-based surgical cartilage intervention. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02843-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Lückgen
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Raqué
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Reiner
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Solvig Diederichs
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wiltrud Richter
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang JM, Wang ZG, He ZY, Qin L, Wang J, Zhu WT, Qi J. Cyclic mechanical strain with high-tensile triggers autophagy in growth plate chondrocytes. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:191. [PMID: 35346257 PMCID: PMC8962562 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mechanical loading has been widely considered to be essential for growth plate to maintain metabolism and development. Cyclic mechanical strain has been demonstrated to induce autophagy, whereas the relationship between cyclic tensile strain (CTS) and autophagy in growth plate chondrocytes (GPCs) is not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CTS can regulate autophagy in GPCs in vitro and explore the potential mechanisms of this regulation.
Methods
The 2-week-old Sprague–Dawley rat GPCs were subjected to CTS of varying magnitude and duration at a frequency of 2.0 Hz. The mRNA levels of autophagy-related genes were measured by RT-qPCR. The autophagy in GPCs was verified by transmission electron microscopy (TME), immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) was employed to detect the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells.
Results
In GPCs, CTS significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of autophagy-related genes, such as LC3, ULK1, ATG5 and BECN1 in a magnitude- and time-dependent manner. There was no significant difference in the proportion of apoptotic and necrotic cells between control group and CTS group. The autophagy inhibitors, 3-methyladenine (3MA) and chloroquine (CQ) reversed the CTS-induced autophagy via promoting the formation of autophagosomes. Cytochalasin D (cytoD), an inhibitor of G-actin polymerization into F-actin, could effectively block the CTS-induced autophagy in GPCs.
Conclusion
Cyclic mechanical strain with high-tensile triggers autophagy in GPCs, which can be suppressed by 3MA and CQ, and cytoskeletal F-actin microfilaments organization plays a key role in chondrocytes’ response to mechanical loading.
Collapse
|
23
|
Elídóttir KL, Scott L, Lewis R, Jurewicz I. Biomimetic approach to articular cartilage tissue engineering using carbon nanotube-coated and textured polydimethylsiloxane scaffolds. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1513:48-64. [PMID: 35288951 PMCID: PMC9545810 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There is a significant need to understand the complexity and heterogeneity of articular cartilage to develop more effective therapeutic strategies for diseases such as osteoarthritis. Here, we show that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are excellent candidates as a material for synthetic scaffolds to support the growth of chondrocytes—the cells that produce and maintain cartilage. Chondrocyte morphology, proliferation, and alignment were investigated as nanoscale CNT networks were applied to macroscopically textured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) scaffolds. The application of CNTs to the surface of PDMS‐based scaffolds resulted in an up to 10‐fold increase in cell adherence and 240% increase in proliferation, which is attributable to increased nanoscale roughness and hydrophilicity. The introduction of macroscale features to PDMS induced alignment of chondrocytes, successfully mimicking the cell behavior observed in the superficial layer of cartilage. Raman spectroscopy was used as a noninvasive, label‐free method to monitor extracellular matrix production and chondrocyte phenotype. Chondrocytes on these scaffolds successfully produced collagen, glycosaminoglycan, and aggrecan. This study demonstrates that introducing physical features at different length scales allows for a high level of control over tissue scaffold design and, thus, cell behavior. Ultimately, these textured scaffolds can serve as platforms to improve the understanding of osteoarthritis and for early‐stage therapeutic testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrín Lind Elídóttir
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Louie Scott
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Rebecca Lewis
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Izabela Jurewicz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nasrollahzadeh N, Karami P, Wang J, Bagheri L, Guo Y, Abdel-Sayed P, Laurent-Applegate L, Pioletti DP. Temperature evolution following joint loading promotes chondrogenesis by synergistic cues via calcium signaling. eLife 2022; 11:72068. [PMID: 35256051 PMCID: PMC8903839 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During loading of viscoelastic tissues, part of the mechanical energy is transformed into heat that can locally increase the tissue temperature, a phenomenon known as self-heating. In the framework of mechanobiology, it has been accepted that cells react and adapt to mechanical stimuli. However, the cellular effect of temperature increase as a by-product of loading has been widely neglected. In this work, we focused on cartilage self-heating to present a 'thermo-mechanobiological' paradigm, and demonstrate how the coupling of a biomimetic temperature evolution and mechanical loading could influence cell behavior. We thereby developed a customized in vitro system allowing to recapitulate pertinent in vivo physical cues and determined the cells chondrogenic response to thermal and/or mechanical stimuli. Cellular mechanisms of action and potential signaling pathways of thermo-mechanotransduction process were also investigated. We found that co-existence of thermo-mechanical cues had a superior effect on chondrogenic gene expression compared to either signal alone. Specifically, the expression of Sox9 was significantly upregulated by application of the physiological thermo-mechanical stimulus. Multimodal transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels were identified as key mediators of thermo-mechanotransduction process, which becomes ineffective without external calcium sources. We also observed that the isolated temperature evolution, as a by-product of loading, is a contributing factor to the cell response and this could be considered as important as the conventional mechanical loading. Providing an optimal thermo-mechanical environment by synergy of heat and loading portrays new opportunity for development of novel treatments for cartilage regeneration and can furthermore signal key elements for emerging cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naser Nasrollahzadeh
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Peyman Karami
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lida Bagheri
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Yanheng Guo
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Abdel-Sayed
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lee Laurent-Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominique P Pioletti
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sibole SC, Moo EK, Federico S, Herzog W. The Protective Function of Directed Asymmetry in the Pericellular Matrix Enveloping Chondrocytes. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:39-55. [PMID: 34993700 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The specialized pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding chondrocytes within articular cartilage is critical to the tissue's health and longevity. Growing evidence suggests that PCM alterations are ubiquitous across all trajectories of osteoarthritis, a crippling and prevalent joint disease. The PCM geometry is of particular interest as it influences the cellular mechanical environment. Observations of asymmetrical PCM thickness have been reported, but a quantified characterization is lacking. To this end, a novel microscopy protocol was developed and applied to acquire images of the PCM surrounding live cells. Morphometric analysis indicated a statistical bias towards thicker PCM on the inferior cellular surface. The mechanical effects of this bias were investigated with multiscale modelling, which revealed potentially damaging, high tensile strains in the direction perpendicular to the membrane and localized on the inferior surface. These strains varied substantially between PCM asymmetry cases. Simulations with a thicker inferior PCM, representative of the observed geometry, resulted in strain magnitudes approximately half of those calculated for a symmetric geometry, and a third of those with a thin inferior PCM. This strain attenuation suggests that synthesis of a thicker inferior PCM may be a protective adaptation. PCM asymmetry may thus be important in cartilage development, pathology, and engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Sibole
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Eng Kuan Moo
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Salvatore Federico
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Walter Herzog
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fan B, Ye J, Xu B, Sun Z, Zhang J, Song S, Wang X, Song Y, Zhang Z, Jiang D, Yu J. Study on feasibility of the partial meniscal allograft transplantation. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e701. [PMID: 35088938 PMCID: PMC8796274 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the meniscus is an important stabilizing structure of the knee joint and has a significant role in load-bearing and shock absorption, so the complete structural and functional reconstructions of the teared menisci should be done not only after partial meniscectomy but also post total meniscectomy. So far, animal experiments and good clinical practice have showed that TMAT after total meniscectomy has partially solved the problem of structural and functional reconstructions after total meniscectomy. However, partial meniscectomy will also lead to accelerated knee degeneration, and its proportion is much higher than that of patients with total meniscectomy. Herein, the feasibility of PMAT after partial meniscectomy was investigated for the first time by using the 40% posterior horn meniscectomy model of the medial meniscus in Beagle dogs, and also for the first time, TMAT group and the total meniscectomy group were used as control groups. Compared with the TMAT, the transcriptomics evaluation, scanning electron microscope observation, histological regeneration and structure, biomechanical property, inflammation environment, and the knee function post PMAT were more similar to that of normal meniscus was first reported. This study provides a PMAT scheme with clinical translational value for the complete structural and functional reconstruction of the patients with partial meniscectomy and fills the gap in the field of teared meniscus therapy on the basis of quite well clinical applications of the meniscus repair and the TMAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao‐Shi Fan
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Jing Ye
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Bing‐Bing Xu
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Ze‐Wen Sun
- Department of Sports MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Ji‐Ying Zhang
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Shi‐Tang Song
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Xin‐Jie Wang
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Yi‐Fan Song
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Zheng‐Zheng Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsSun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Dong Jiang
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Jia‐Kuo Yu
- Sports Medicine DepartmentBeijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, beijing, ChinaBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Voga M, Majdic G. Articular Cartilage Regeneration in Veterinary Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1401:23-55. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
28
|
Cooper SM, Rainbow RS. The Developing Field of Scaffold-Free Tissue Engineering for Articular Cartilage Repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2021; 28:995-1006. [PMID: 34605669 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is critical for proper joint mobility as it provides a smooth and lubricated surface between articulating bones and allows for transmission of load to underlying bones. Extended wear or injury of this tissue can result in osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease affecting millions across the globe. Because of its low regenerative capacity, articular cartilage cannot heal on its own and effective treatments for injured joint restoration remain a challenge. Strategies in tissue engineering have been demonstrated as potential therapeutic approaches to regenerate and repair damaged articular cartilage. Although many of these strategies rely on the use of an exogenous three-dimensional scaffolds to regenerate cartilage, scaffold-free tissue engineering provides numerous advantages over scaffold-based methods. This review highlights the latest advancements in scaffold-free tissue engineering for cartilage and the potential for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Cooper
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Roshni S Rainbow
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abusharkh HA, Reynolds OM, Mendenhall J, Gozen BA, Tingstad E, Idone V, Abu-Lail NI, Van Wie BJ. Combining stretching and gallic acid to decrease inflammation indices and promote extracellular matrix production in osteoarthritic human articular chondrocytes. Exp Cell Res 2021; 408:112841. [PMID: 34563516 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) patients undergo cartilage degradation and experience painful joint swelling. OA symptoms are caused by inflammatory molecules and the upregulation of catabolic genes leading to the breakdown of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we investigate the effects of gallic acid (GA) and mechanical stretching on the expression of anabolic and catabolic genes and restoring ECM production by osteoarthritic human articular chondrocytes (hAChs) cultured in monolayers. hAChs were seeded onto conventional plates or silicone chambers with or without 100 μM GA. A 5% cyclic tensile strain (CTS) was applied to the silicone chambers and the deposition of collagen and glycosaminoglycan, and gene expressions of collagen types II (COL2A1), XI (COL11A2), I (COL1A1), and X (COL10A1), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-13) as inflammation markers, were quantified. CTS and GA acted synergistically to promote the deposition of collagen and glycosaminoglycan in the ECM by 14- and 7-fold, respectively. Furthermore, the synergistic stimuli selectively upregulated the expression of cartilage-specific proteins, COL11A2 by 7-fold, and COL2A1 by 47-fold, and, in contrast, downregulated the expression of MMP-1 by 2.5-fold and MMP-13 by 125-fold. GA supplementation with CTS is a promising approach for restoring osteoarthritic hAChs ECM production ability making them suitable for complex tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haneen A Abusharkh
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6515, USA.
| | - Olivia M Reynolds
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6515, USA.
| | - Juana Mendenhall
- Department of Chemistry, Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA.
| | - Bulent A Gozen
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-2920, USA.
| | - Edwin Tingstad
- Inland Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Clinic, Pullman, WA, 99163, USA.
| | - Vincent Idone
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA.
| | - Nehal I Abu-Lail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249-3209, USA.
| | - Bernard J Van Wie
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6515, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Labusca L, Herea DD, Emanuela Minuti A, Stavila C, Danceanu C, Plamadeala P, Chiriac H, Lupu N. Magnetic Nanoparticles and Magnetic Field Exposure Enhances Chondrogenesis of Human Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells But Not of Wharton Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:737132. [PMID: 34733830 PMCID: PMC8558412 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.737132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Iron oxide based magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are versatile tools in biology and medicine. Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) and Wharton Jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSC) are currently tested in different strategies for regenerative regenerative medicine (RM) purposes. Their superiority compared to other mesenchymal stem cell consists in larger availability, and superior proliferative and differentiation potential. Magnetic field (MF) exposure of MNP-loaded ADSC has been proposed as a method to deliver mechanical stimulation for increasing conversion to musculoskeletal lineages. In this study, we investigated comparatively chondrogenic conversion of ADSC-MNP and WJMSC with or without MF exposure in order to identify the most appropriate cell source and differentiation protocol for future cartilage engineering strategies. Methods: Human primary ADSC and WJMSC from various donors were loaded with proprietary uncoated MNP. The in vitro effect on proliferation and cellular senescence (beta galactosidase assay) in long term culture was assessed. In vitro chondrogenic differentiation in pellet culture system, with or without MF exposure, was assessed using pellet histology (Safranin O staining) as well as quantitative evaluation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) deposition per cell. Results: ADSC-MNP complexes displayed superior proliferative capability and decreased senescence after long term (28 days) culture in vitro compared to non-loaded ADSC and to WJMSC-MNP. Significant increase in chondrogenesis conversion in terms of GAG/cell ratio could be observed in ADSC-MNP. MF exposure increased glycosaminoglycan deposition in MNP-loaded ADSC, but not in WJMSC. Conclusion: ADSC-MNP display decreased cellular senescence and superior chondrogenic capability in vitro compared to non-loaded cells as well as to WJMSC-MNP. MF exposure further increases ADSC-MNP chondrogenesis in ADSC, but not in WJMSC. Loading ADSC with MNP can derive a successful procedure for obtaining improved chondrogenesis in ADSC. Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm the utility of ADSC-MNP complexes for cartilage engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Labusca
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi, Romania
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic County Emergency Hospital Saint Spiridon, Iasi, Romania
| | - Dumitru-Daniel Herea
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Emanuela Minuti
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Stavila
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Camelia Danceanu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Petru Plamadeala
- Pathology Department County Children Emergency Hospital Saint Mary, Iasi, Romania
| | - Horia Chiriac
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Lupu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rana MM, De la Hoz Siegler H. Tuning the Properties of PNIPAm-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3154. [PMID: 34578055 PMCID: PMC8467289 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) is a three-dimensional (3D) crosslinked polymer that can interact with human cells and play an important role in the development of tissue morphogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. PNIPAm-based scaffolds possess many desirable structural and physical properties required for tissue regeneration, but insufficient mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biomimicry for tissue development remain obstacles for their application in tissue engineering. The structural integrity and physical properties of the hydrogels depend on the crosslinks formed between polymer chains during synthesis. A variety of design variables including crosslinker content, the combination of natural and synthetic polymers, and solvent type have been explored over the past decade to develop PNIPAm-based scaffolds with optimized properties suitable for tissue engineering applications. These design parameters have been implemented to provide hydrogel scaffolds with dynamic and spatially patterned cues that mimic the biological environment and guide the required cellular functions for cartilage tissue regeneration. The current advances on tuning the properties of PNIPAm-based scaffolds were searched for on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the scaffolding properties of PNIPAm-based hydrogels and the effects of synthesis-solvent and crosslinking density on tuning these properties. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of considering these two design variables for developing PNIPAm-based scaffolds are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mohosin Rana
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Hector De la Hoz Siegler
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu YL, Yen CC, Liu TST, Chang CH, Shih TTF, Wang JH, Yang MC, Lin FH, Liu HC. Safety and Efficacy of Kartigen ® in Treating Cartilage Defects: A Randomized, Controlled, Phase I Trial. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183029. [PMID: 34577930 PMCID: PMC8466236 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we aimed to investigate the safety and preliminary efficacy of Kartigen®, a matrix with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived chondrocyte precursors embedded in atelocollagen. As a surgical graft, Kartigen® was implanted onto the cartilage defects at the weight-bearing site of the medial femoral condyle of the knee. Fifteen patients were enrolled and stratified into two groups, undergoing either Kartigen® implantation (n = 10) or microfracture (control group, n = 5). The primary endpoint was to evaluate the safety of Kartigen® by monitoring the occurrence of adverse events through physician queries, physical examinations, laboratory tests, and radiological analyses for 2 years. There were no infections, inflammations, adhesions, loose body, or tumor formations in the Kartigen®-implanted knees. The preliminary efficacy was assessed using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, visual analog scale, and second-look arthroscopy. The postoperative IKDC scores of the Kartigen® group significantly improved in the 16th week (IKDC = 62.1 ± 12.8, p = 0.025), kept increasing in the first year (IKDC = 78.2 ± 15.4, p < 0.005), and remained satisfactory in the second year (IKDC = 73.6 ± 13.8, p < 0.005), compared to the preoperative condition (IKDC = 47.1 ± 17.0), while the postoperative IKDC scores of the control group also achieved significant improvement in the 28th week (IKDC = 68.5 ± 6.1, p = 0.032) versus preoperative state (IKDC = 54.0 ± 9.1). However, the IKDC scores decreased in the first year (IKDC = 63.5 ± 11.6) as well as in the second year (IKDC = 52.6 ± 16.4). Thirteen patients underwent second-look arthroscopy and biopsy one year after the operation. The Kartigen® group exhibited integration between Kartigen® and host tissue with a smooth appearance at the recipient site, whereas the microfracture group showed fibrillated surfaces. The histological and immunohistochemical analyses of biopsy specimens demonstrated the columnar structure of articular cartilage and existence of collagen type II and glycosaminoglycan mimic hyaline cartilage. This study indicates that Kartigen® is safe and effective in treating cartilage defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Liang Liu
- Master Program for Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Yen
- Kartigen Biomedical Inc., Taipei 100047, Taiwan;
| | | | - Chih-Hung Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220216, Taiwan;
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan
| | - Tiffany Ting-Fang Shih
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan;
| | - Jyh-Horng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Chia Yang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310401, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
| | - Hwa-Chang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei 105404, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Willard VP, Leddy HA, Palmer D, Wu CL, Liedtke W, Guilak F. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 as a regulator of induced pluripotent stem cell chondrogenesis. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1447-1456. [PMID: 34427363 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a polymodal calcium-permeable cation channel that is highly expressed in cartilage and is sensitive to a variety of extracellular stimuli. The expression of this channel has been associated with the process of chondrogenesis in adult stem cells as well as several cell lines. Here, we used a chondrogenic reporter (Col2a1-GFP) in murine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to examine the hypothesis that TRPV4 serves as both a marker and a regulator of chondrogenesis. Over 21 days of chondrogenesis, iPSCs showed significant increases in Trpv4 expression along with the standard chondrogenic gene markers Sox9, Acan, and Col2a1, particularly in the green fluorescent protein positive (GFP+) chondroprogenitor subpopulation. Increased gene expression for Trpv4 was also reflected by the presence of TRPV4 protein and functional Ca2+ signaling. Daily activation of TRPV4 using the specific agonist GSK1016790A resulted in significant increases in cartilaginous matrix production. An improved understanding of the role of TRPV4 in chondrogenesis may provide new insights into the development of new therapeutic approaches for diseases of cartilage, such as osteoarthritis, or channelopathies and hereditary disorders that affect cartilage during development. Harnessing the role of TRPV4 in chondrogenesis may also provide a novel approach for accelerating stem cell differentiation in functional tissue engineering of cartilage replacements for joint repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Holly A Leddy
- Shared Materials Instrumentation Facility, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel Palmer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Farshid Guilak
- Cytex Therapeutics, Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Effects of Visfatin on Intracellular Mechanics and Catabolism in Human Primary Chondrocytes through Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Inactivation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158107. [PMID: 34360874 PMCID: PMC8348639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is still a recalcitrant musculoskeletal disease on account of its complex biochemistry and mechanical stimulations. Apart from stimulation by external mechanical forces, the regulation of intracellular mechanics in chondrocytes has also been linked to OA development. Recently, visfatin has received significant attention because of the clinical finding of the positive correlation between its serum/synovial level and OA progression. However, the precise mechanism involved is still unclear. This study determined the effect of visfatin on intracellular mechanics and catabolism in human primary chondrocytes isolated from patients. The intracellular stiffness of chondrocytes was analyzed by the particle-tracking microrheology method. It was shown that visfatin damages the microtubule and microfilament networks to influence intracellular mechanics to decrease the intracellular elasticity and viscosity via glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) inactivation induced by p38 signaling. Further, microtubule network destruction in human primary chondrocytes is predominantly responsible for the catabolic effect of visfatin on the cyclooxygenase 2 upregulation. The present study shows a more comprehensive interpretation of OA development induced by visfatin through biochemical and biophysical perspectives. Finally, the role of GSK3β inactivation, and subsequent regulation of intracellular mechanics, might be considered as theranostic targets for future drug development for OA.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ge Y, Li Y, Wang Z, Li L, Teng H, Jiang Q. Effects of Mechanical Compression on Chondrogenesis of Human Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Agarose Hydrogel. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:697281. [PMID: 34350163 PMCID: PMC8327094 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.697281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical compression is a double-edged sword for cartilage remodeling, and the effect of mechanical compression on chondrogenic differentiation still remains elusive to date. Herein, we investigate the effect of mechanical dynamic compression on the chondrogenic differentiation of human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs). To this aim, SMSCs encapsulated in agarose hydrogels were cultured in chondrogenic-induced medium with or without dynamic compression. Dynamic compression was applied at either early time-point (day 1) or late time-point (day 21) during chondrogenic induction period. We found that dynamic compression initiated at early time-point downregulated the expression level of chondrocyte-specific markers as well as hypertrophy-specific markers compared with unloaded control. On the contrary, dynamic compression applied at late time-point not only enhanced the levels of cartilage matrix gene expression, but also suppressed the hypertrophic development of SMSCs compared with unloaded controls. Taken together, our findings suggest that dynamic mechanical compression loading not only promotes chondrogenic differentiation of SMSCs, but also plays a vital role in the maintenance of cartilage phenotype, and our findings also provide an experimental guide for stem cell-based cartilage repair and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for 3D Bioprinting, Nanjing, China
| | - Huajian Teng
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ni W, Jiang C, Wu Y, Zhang H, Wang L, Yik JHN, Haudenschild DR, Fan S, Shen S, Hu Z. CircSLC7A2 protects against osteoarthritis through inhibition of the miR-4498/TIMP3 axis. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13047. [PMID: 33960555 PMCID: PMC8168424 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that compete against other endogenous RNA species, such as microRNAs, and have been implicated in many diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of a new circRNA (circSLC7A2) in osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and Methods The relative expression of circSLC7A2 was significantly lower in OA tissues than it was in matched controls, as shown by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Western blotting, RT‐qPCR and immunofluorescence experiments were employed to evaluate the roles of circSLC7A2, miR‐4498 and TIMP3. The in vivo role and mechanism of circSLC7A2 were also conformed in a mouse model. Results circSLC7A2 was decreased in OA model and the circularization of circSLC7A2 was regulated by FUS. Loss of circSLC7A2 reduced the sponge of miR‐4498 and further inhibited the expression of TIMP3, subsequently leading to an inflammatory response. We further determined that miR‐4498 inhibitor reversed circSLC7A2‐knockdown‐induced OA phenotypes. Intra‐articular injection of circSLC7A2 alleviated in vivo OA progression in a mouse model of anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Conclusions The circSLC7A2/miR‐4498/TIMP3 axis of chondrocytes catabolism and anabolism plays a critical role in OA development. Our results suggest that circSLC7A2 may serve as a new therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Ni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizheng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jasper H N Yik
- Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California System, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dominik R Haudenschild
- Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California System, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuying Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziang Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cai X, Daniels O, Cucchiarini M, Madry H. Ectopic models recapitulating morphological and functional features of articular cartilage. Ann Anat 2021; 237:151721. [PMID: 33753232 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Articular cartilage is an extremely specialized connective tissue which covers all diarthrodial joints. Implantation of chondrogenic cells without or with additional biomaterial scaffolds in ectopic locationsin vivo generates substitutes of cartilage with structural and functional characteristics that are used in fundamental investigations while also serving as a basis for translational studies. METHODS Literature search in Pubmed. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This narrative review summarizes the most relevant ectopic models, among which subcutaneous, intramuscular, and kidney capsule transplantation and elaborates on implanted cells and biomaterial scaffolds and on their use to recapitulate morphological and functional features of articular cartilage. Although the absence of a physiological joint environment and biomechanical stimuli is the major limiting factor, ectopic models are an established component for articular cartilage research aiming to generate a bridge between in vitro data and the clinically more relevant translational orthotopic in vivo models when their limitations are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cai
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Daniels
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chen Y, Ouyang X, Wu Y, Guo S, Xie Y, Wang G. Co-culture and Mechanical Stimulation on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Chondrocytes for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:54-60. [PMID: 31660820 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666191029104249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Defects in articular cartilage injury and chronic osteoarthritis are very widespread and common, and the ability of injured cartilage to repair itself is limited. Stem cell-based cartilage tissue engineering provides a promising therapeutic option for articular cartilage damage. However, the application of the technique is limited by the number, source, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells. The co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes is available for cartilage tissue engineering, and mechanical stimulation is an important factor that should not be ignored. A combination of these two approaches, i.e., co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes under mechanical stimulation, can provide sufficient quantity and quality of cells for cartilage tissue engineering, and when combined with scaffold materials and cytokines, this approach ultimately achieves the purpose of cartilage repair and reconstruction. In this review, we focus on the effects of co-culture and mechanical stimulation on mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes for articular cartilage tissue engineering. An in-depth understanding of the impact of co-culture and mechanical stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes can facilitate the development of additional strategies for articular cartilage tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xinli Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yide Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Shaojia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yongfang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Guohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yoshida T, Matsuda M, Hirashima T. Incoherent Feedforward Regulation via Sox9 and ERK Underpins Mouse Tracheal Cartilage Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:585640. [PMID: 33195234 PMCID: PMC7642454 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.585640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracheal cartilage provides architectural integrity to the respiratory airway, and defects in this structure during embryonic development cause severe congenital anomalies. Previous genetic studies have revealed genes that are critical for the development of tracheal cartilage. However, it is still unclear how crosstalk between these proteins regulates tracheal cartilage formation. Here we show a core regulatory network underlying murine tracheal chondrogenesis from embryonic day (E) 12.5 to E15.5, by combining volumetric imaging of fluorescence reporters, inhibitor assays, and mathematical modeling. We focused on SRY-box transcription factor 9 (Sox9) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the tracheal mesenchyme, and observed a synchronous, inverted U-shaped temporal change in both Sox9 expression and ERK activity with a peak at E14.5, whereas the expression level of downstream cartilage matrix genes, such as collagen II alpha 1 (Col2a1) and aggrecan (Agc1), monotonically increased. Inhibitor assays revealed that the ERK signaling pathway functions as an inhibitory regulator of tracheal cartilage differentiation during this period. These results suggest that expression of the cartilage matrix genes is controlled by an incoherent feedforward loop via Sox9 and ERK, which is supported by a mathematical model. Furthermore, the modeling analysis suggests that a Sox9-ERK incoherent feedforward regulation augments the robustness against the variation of upstream factors. The present study provides a better understanding of the regulatory network underlying the tracheal development and will be helpful for efficient induction of tracheal organoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yoshida
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michiyuki Matsuda
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirashima
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kabir W, Di Bella C, Jo I, Gould D, Choong PFM. Human Stem Cell Based Tissue Engineering for In Vivo Cartilage Repair: A Systematic Review. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:74-93. [PMID: 32729380 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pure chondral defects represent the most clinically significant articular cartilage injuries. To inform the development of clinically suitable tissue-engineering strategies for chondral repair using cells from a human patient, the combination of human stem cells (HSCs), biomaterial scaffolds, and growth factors has been widely harnessed in preclinical animal models. Due to the large heterogeneity in study designs and outcome reporting in such studies, we aimed to systematically review literature pertaining to HSC based tissue engineering strategies in animal models of chondral repair such that trends may be identified and the utility of HSCs in chondral repair can be elucidated. An extensive search strategy was carried out through PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases to identify relevant studies. Initially the title and abstract of 787 studies were screened after which inclusion and exclusion criteria sorted 56 studies for full-text evaluation. Following full text review, a final number of 22 articles were included. Out of 22 included studies, 16 used scaffold implantation, 2 used cell pellet implantation, and 4 used intra-articular injection to administer HSCs to the region of chondral defects. HSC-containing implants outperformed scaffold-only or untreated control groups in both large and small animals for chondral regeneration. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid-containing scaffolds emerged as popular stem cell and scaffold choices, respectively. However, the short analysis timepoints post cell implantation was a key limitation in many studies. This review highlights the versatility of HSCs in achieving chondral regeneration in vivo and the enhancement of chondral repair through the selection of appropriate three-dimensional scaffolds and growth factors which are essential to support cell growth, attachment, migration, and extracellular matrix synthesis. Considerable heterogeneity exists in outcome reporting, and only one article reported biomechanical evaluation of neocartilage. Standardized outcome reporting systems that include comprehensive biomechanical testing protocols should be utilized in future in vivo studies of cartilage tissue engineering as the biomechanical quality of neocartilage is of great functional significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wassif Kabir
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Claudia Di Bella
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedics, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Clinical Sciences Building, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Imkyeong Jo
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Gould
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter F M Choong
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedics, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Clinical Sciences Building, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Limraksasin P, Kosaka Y, Zhang M, Horie N, Kondo T, Okawa H, Yamada M, Egusa H. Shaking culture enhances chondrogenic differentiation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cell constructs. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14996. [PMID: 32929163 PMCID: PMC7490351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72038-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loading on articular cartilage induces various mechanical stresses and strains. In vitro hydrodynamic forces such as compression, shear and tension impact various cellular properties including chondrogenic differentiation, leading us to hypothesize that shaking culture might affect the chondrogenic induction of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) constructs. Three-dimensional mouse iPSC constructs were fabricated in a day using U-bottom 96-well plates, and were subjected to preliminary chondrogenic induction for 3 days in static condition, followed by chondrogenic induction culture using a see-saw shaker for 17 days. After 21 days, chondrogenically induced iPSC (CI-iPSC) constructs contained chondrocyte-like cells with abundant ECM components. Shaking culture significantly promoted cell aggregation, and induced significantly higher expression of chondrogenic-related marker genes than static culture at day 21. Immunohistochemical analysis also revealed higher chondrogenic protein expression. Furthemore, in the shaking groups, CI-iPSCs showed upregulation of TGF-β and Wnt signaling-related genes, which are known to play an important role in regulating cartilage development. These results suggest that shaking culture activates TGF-β expression and Wnt signaling to promote chondrogenic differentiation in mouse iPSCs in vitro. Shaking culture, a simple and convenient approach, could provide a promising strategy for iPSC-based cartilage bioengineering for study of disease mechanisms and new therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phoonsuk Limraksasin
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kosaka
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Maolin Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Naohiro Horie
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takeru Kondo
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.,Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1668, USA
| | - Hiroko Okawa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamada
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan. .,Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Luo Y, Wang AT, Zhang QF, Liu RM, Xiao JH. RASL11B gene enhances hyaluronic acid-mediated chondrogenic differentiation in human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells via the activation of Sox9/ERK/smad signals. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1708-1721. [PMID: 32878463 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220944375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms, whereby hyaluronic acid, a main extracellular matrix component of articular cartilage, promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs). Our previous findings indicated that hyaluronic acid combined with hAMSCs showed a marked therapeutic effect against rat osteoarthritis. In the present study, hyaluronic acid markedly enhanced the expression of chondrocyte-specific markers including Col2α1, Acan, and Sox9 in hAMSCs, with strong synergistic effects on chondrogenic differentiation, in combination with the commonly used inducer, transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3). Microarray analysis showed that Ras-like protein family member 11B (RASL11B) played a pivotal role in the process of hyaluronic acid-mediated chondrogenesis of hAMSCs. This directional differentiation was significantly inhibited by RASL11B knockdown, but RASL11B overexpression dramatically promoted the expression of Sox9, a master chondrogenesis transcriptional factor, at the levels of transcription and translation. Increased Sox9 expression subsequently resulted in high expression levels of Col2α1 and Acan and the accumulation of cartilage-specific matrix components, such as type 2 collagen and glycosaminoglycans. Moreover, we observed that RASL11B activated the signal molecules such as ERK1/2, and Smad2/3 in the presence of hyaluronic acid during TGF-β3-induced chondrogenesis of hAMSCs. Taken together, these findings suggest that hyaluronic acid activates the RASL11B gene to potentiate the chondrogenic differentiation of hAMSCs via the activation of Sox9 and ERK/Smad signaling, thus providing a new strategy for cartilage defect repairing by hyaluronic acid-based stem cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.,Guizhou Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Ai-Tong Wang
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Qing-Fang Zhang
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Ru-Ming Liu
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.,Guizhou Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Jian-Hui Xiao
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.,Guizhou Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang M, Shi J, Xie M, Wen J, Niibe K, Zhang X, Luo J, Yan R, Zhang Z, Egusa H, Jiang X. Recapitulation of cartilage/bone formation using iPSCs via biomimetic 3D rotary culture approach for developmental engineering. Biomaterials 2020; 260:120334. [PMID: 32862124 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The recapitulation of cartilage/bone formation via guiding induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiation toward chondrogenic mesoderm lineage is an ideal approach to investigate cartilage/bone development and also for cartilage/bone regeneration. However, current induction protocols are time-consuming and complicated to follow. Here, we established a rapid and efficient approach that directly induce iPSCs differentiation toward chondrogenic mesoderm lineage by regulating the crucial Bmp-4 and FGF-2 signaling pathways using a 3D rotary suspension culture system. The mechanical stimulation from 3D rotary suspension accelerates iPSCs differentiation toward mesodermal and subsequent chondrogenic lineage via the Bmp-4-Smad1 and Tgf-β-Smad2/3 signaling pathways, respectively. The scaffold-free homogenous cartilaginous pellets or hypertrophic cartilaginous pellets derived from iPSCs within 28 days were capable of articular cartilage regeneration or vascularized bone regeneration via endochondral ossification in vivo, respectively. This biomimetic culture approach will contribute to research related to cartilage/bone development, regeneration, and hence to therapeutic applications in cartilage-/bone-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China; Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jin Wen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Kunimichi Niibe
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Xiangkai Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiaxin Luo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ran Yan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Vainieri ML, Alini M, Yayon A, van Osch GJVM, Grad S. Mechanical Stress Inhibits Early Stages of Endogenous Cell Migration: A Pilot Study in an Ex Vivo Osteochondral Model. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081754. [PMID: 32781503 PMCID: PMC7466115 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration has a central role in osteochondral defect repair initiation and biomaterial-mediated regeneration. New advancements to reestablish tissue function include biomaterials and factors promoting cell recruitment, differentiation and tissue integration, but little is known about responses to mechanical stimuli. In the present pilot study, we tested the influence of extrinsic forces in combination with biomaterials releasing chemoattractant signals on cell migration. We used an ex vivo mechanically stimulated osteochondral defect explant filled with fibrin/hyaluronan hydrogel, in presence or absence of platelet-derived growth factor-BB or stromal cell-derived factor 1, to assess endogenous cell recruitment into the wound site. Periodic mechanical stress at early time point negatively influenced cell infiltration compared to unloaded samples, and the implementation of chemokines to increase cell migration was not efficient to overcome this negative effect. The gene expression at 15 days of culture indicated a marked downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)13 and MMP3, a decrease of β1 integrin and increased mRNA levels of actin in osteochondral samples exposed to complex load. This work using an ex vivo osteochondral mechanically stimulated advanced platform demonstrated that recurrent mechanical stress at early time points impeded cell migration into the hydrogel, providing a unique opportunity to improve our understanding on management of joint injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Vainieri
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland; (M.L.V.); (M.A.)
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland; (M.L.V.); (M.A.)
| | - Avner Yayon
- ProCore Ltd., Weizmann Science Park, 7 Golda Meir St., Ness Ziona 70400, Israel;
| | - Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Delft, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Sibylle Grad
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland; (M.L.V.); (M.A.)
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-81-4142480
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Mechanotransduction, a conversion of mechanical forces into biochemical signals, is essential for human development and physiology. It is observable at all levels ranging from the whole body, organs, tissues, organelles down to molecules. Dysregulation results in various diseases such as muscular dystrophies, hypertension-induced vascular and cardiac hypertrophy, altered bone repair and cell deaths. Since mechanotransduction occurs at nanoscale, nanosciences and applied nanotechnology are powerful for studying molecular mechanisms and pathways of mechanotransduction. Atomic force microscopy, magnetic and optical tweezers are commonly used for force measurement and manipulation at the single molecular level. Force is also used to control cells, topographically and mechanically by specific types of nano materials for tissue engineering. Mechanotransduction research will become increasingly important as a sub-discipline under nanomedicine. Here we review nanotechnology approaches using force measurements and manipulations at the molecular and cellular levels during mechanotransduction, which has been increasingly play important role in the advancement of nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fumihiko Nakamura
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Petitjean N, Maumus M, Dusfour G, Cañadas P, Jorgensen C, Royer P, Noël D, Le Floc’h S. Validation of a new technique dedicated to the mechanical characterisation of cartilage micropellets. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1714919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Petitjean
- LMGC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- IRMB, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M. Maumus
- IRMB, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Hopital Lapeyronie, Clinical immunology and osteoarticular diseases Therapeutic Unit, Montpellier, France
| | - G. Dusfour
- LMGC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - P. Cañadas
- LMGC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - C. Jorgensen
- IRMB, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Hopital Lapeyronie, Clinical immunology and osteoarticular diseases Therapeutic Unit, Montpellier, France
| | - P. Royer
- LMGC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - D. Noël
- IRMB, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Hopital Lapeyronie, Clinical immunology and osteoarticular diseases Therapeutic Unit, Montpellier, France
| | - S. Le Floc’h
- LMGC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Barati D, Gegg C, Yang F. Nanoparticle-Mediated TGF-β Release from Microribbon-Based Hydrogels Accelerates Stem Cell-Based Cartilage Formation In Vivo. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 48:1971-1981. [PMID: 32377980 PMCID: PMC10155292 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional nanoporous hydrogels often lead to slow cartilage deposition by MSCs in 3D due to physical constraints and requirement for degradation. Our group has recently reported macroporous gelatin microribbon (μRB) hydrogels, which substantially accelerate MSC-based cartilage formation in vitro compared to conventional gelatin hydrogels. To facilitate translating the use of μRB-based scaffolds for supporting stem cell-based cartilage regeneration in vivo, there remains a need to develop a customize-designed drug delivery system that can be incorporated into μRB-based scaffolds. Towards this goal, here we report polydopamine-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) that can be stably incorporated within the macroporous μRB scaffolds, and allow tunable release of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3. We hypothesize that increasing concentration of polydopamine coating on MSNs will slow down TGF- β3 release, and TGF-β3 release from polydopamine-coated MSNs can enhance MSC-based cartilage formation in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that TGF-β3 released from MSNs enhance MSC-based cartilage regeneration in vitro to levels comparable to freshly added TGF-β3 in the medium, as shown by biochemical assays, mechanical testing, and histology. Furthermore, when implanted in vivo in a mouse subcutaneous model, only the group containing MSN-mediated TGF-β3 release supported continuous cartilage formation, whereas control group without MSN showed loss of cartilage matrix and undesirable endochondral ossification. The modular design of MSN-mediated drug delivery can be customized for delivering multiple drugs with individually optimized release kinetics, and may be applicable to enhance regeneration of other tissue types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danial Barati
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Courtney Gegg
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Aisenbrey EA, Bilousova G, Payne K, Bryant SJ. Dynamic mechanical loading and growth factors influence chondrogenesis of induced pluripotent mesenchymal progenitor cells in a cartilage-mimetic hydrogel. Biomater Sci 2020; 7:5388-5403. [PMID: 31626251 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01081e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for cartilage tissue engineering. However, the effect of biochemical and mechanical cues on iPSC chondrogenesis remains understudied. This study evaluated chondrogenesis of induced pluripotent mesenchymal progenitor cells (iPS-MPs) encapsulated in a cartilage-mimetic hydrogel under different culture conditions: free swelling versus dynamic compressive loading and different growth factors (TGFβ3 and/or BMP2). Human iPSCs were differentiated into iPS-MPs and chondrogenesis was evaluated by gene expression (qPCR) and protein expression (immunohistochemistry) after three weeks. In pellet culture, both TGFβ3 and BMP2 were required to promote chondrogenesis. However, the hydrogel in growth factor-free conditions promoted chondrogenesis, but rapidly progressed to hypertrophy. Dynamic loading in growth factor-free conditions supported chondrogenesis, but delayed the transition to hypertrophy. Findings were similar with TGFβ3, BMP2, and TGFβ3 + BMP2. Dynamic loading with TGFβ3, regardless of BMP2, was the only condition that promoted a stable chondrogenic phenotype (aggrecan + collagen II) accompanied by collagen X down-regulation. Positive TGFβRI expression with load-enhanced Smad2/3 signaling and low SMAD1/5/8 signaling was observed. In summary, this study reports a promising cartilage-mimetic hydrogel for iPS-MPs that when combined with appropriate biochemical and mechanical cues induces a stable chondrogenic phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Aisenbrey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Neves SC, Moroni L, Barrias CC, Granja PL. Leveling Up Hydrogels: Hybrid Systems in Tissue Engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:292-315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
50
|
Tao F, Jiang T, Tao H, Cao H, Xiang W. Primary cilia: Versatile regulator in cartilage development. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12765. [PMID: 32034931 PMCID: PMC7106963 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage is a connective tissue in the skeletal system and has limited regeneration ability and unique biomechanical reactivity. The growth and development of cartilage can be affected by different physical, chemical and biological factors, such as mechanical stress, inflammation, osmotic pressure, hypoxia and signalling transduction. Primary cilia are multifunctional sensory organelles that regulate diverse signalling transduction and cell activities. They are crucial for the regulation of cartilage development and act in a variety of ways, such as react to mechanical stress, mediate signalling transduction, regulate cartilage‐related diseases progression and affect cartilage tumorigenesis. Therefore, research on primary cilia‐mediated cartilage growth and development is currently extremely popular. This review outlines the role of primary cilia in cartilage development in recent years and elaborates on the potential regulatory mechanisms from different aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|