1
|
Peng YC, Wu J, He X, Dai J, Xia L, Valenzuela-Leon P, Tumas KC, Singh BK, Xu F, Ganesan S, Munir S, Calvo E, Huang R, Liu C, Long CA, Su XZ. NAD activates olfactory receptor 1386 to regulate type I interferon responses in Plasmodium yoelii YM infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403796121. [PMID: 38809710 PMCID: PMC11161801 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403796121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Olfactory receptors (Olfr) are G protein-coupled receptors that are normally expressed on olfactory sensory neurons to detect volatile chemicals or odorants. Interestingly, many Olfrs are also expressed in diverse tissues and function in cell-cell recognition, migration, and proliferation as well as immune responses and disease processes. Here, we showed that many Olfr genes were expressed in the mouse spleen, linked to Plasmodium yoelii genetic loci significantly, and/or had genome-wide patterns of LOD scores (GPLSs) similar to those of host Toll-like receptor genes. Expression of specific Olfr genes such as Olfr1386 in HEK293T cells significantly increased luciferase signals driven by IFN-β and NF-κB promoters, with elevated levels of phosphorylated TBK1, IRF3, P38, and JNK. Mice without Olfr1386 were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 method, and the Olfr1386-/- mice showed significantly lower IFN-α/β levels and longer survival than wild-type (WT) littermates after infection with P. yoelii YM parasites. Inhibition of G protein signaling and P38 activity could affect cyclic AMP-responsive element promoter-driven luciferase signals and IFN-β mRNA levels in HEK293T cells expressing the Olfr1386 gene, respectively. Screening of malaria parasite metabolites identified nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) as a potential ligand for Olfr1386, and NAD could stimulate IFN-β responses and phosphorylation of TBK1 and STAT1/2 in RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, parasite RNA (pRNA) could significantly increase Olfr1386 mRNA levels. This study links multiple Olfrs to host immune response pathways, identifies a candidate ligand for Olfr1386, and demonstrates the important roles of Olfr1386 in regulating type I interferon (IFN-I) responses during malaria parasite infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-chih Peng
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Jian Wu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Xiao He
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Jin Dai
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Lu Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Disease of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Paola Valenzuela-Leon
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Keyla C. Tumas
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Brajesh K. Singh
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Fangzheng Xu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Sundar Ganesan
- Biological Imaging Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Shirin Munir
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Eric Calvo
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Ruili Huang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Transgenic Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Carole A. Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Xin-zhuan Su
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao Y, Chen R, Xiao D, Zhang L, Song D, Wen Y, Wu R, Zhao Q, Du S, Wen X, Cao S, Huang X. A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals That HSP90AB1 Is Involved in the Immune and Inflammatory Responses to Porcine Deltacoronavirus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063280. [PMID: 35328701 PMCID: PMC8953809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PDCoV is an emerging enteropathogenic coronavirus that mainly causes acute diarrhea in piglets, seriously affecting pig breeding industries worldwide. To date, the molecular mechanisms of PDCoV-induced immune and inflammatory responses or host responses in LLC-PK cells in vitro are not well understood. HSP90 plays important roles in various viral infections. In this study, HSP90AB1 knockout cells (HSP90AB1KO) were constructed and a comparative transcriptomic analysis between PDCoV-infected HSP90AB1WT and HSP90AB1KO cells was conducted using RNA sequencing to explore the effect of HSP90AB1 on PDCoV infection. A total of 1295 and 3746 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in PDCoV-infected HSP90AB1WT and HSP90AB1KO cells, respectively. Moreover, most of the significantly enriched pathways were related to immune and inflammatory response-associated pathways upon PDCoV infection. The DEGs enriched in NF-κB pathways were specifically detected in HSP90AB1WT cells, and NF-κB inhibitors JSH-23, SC75741 and QNZ treatment reduced PDCoV infection. Further research revealed most cytokines associated with immune and inflammatory responses were upregulated during PDCoV infection. Knockout of HSP90AB1 altered the upregulated levels of some cytokines. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the host response to PDCoV infection from the transcriptome perspective, which will contribute to illustrating the molecular basis of the interaction between PDCoV and HSP90AB1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Rui Chen
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Dai Xiao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Luwen Zhang
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Daili Song
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Yiping Wen
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Rui Wu
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Qin Zhao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Senyan Du
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Xintian Wen
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Sanjie Cao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station for Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China
- National Animal Experiments Teaching Demonstration Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (D.X.); (L.Z.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (Q.Z.); (S.D.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station for Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China
- National Animal Experiments Teaching Demonstration Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-180-4845-1618
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
He FB, Khan H, Huttunen M, Kolehmainen P, Melén K, Maljanen S, Qu M, Jiang M, Kakkola L, Julkunen I. Filovirus VP24 Proteins Differentially Regulate RIG-I and MDA5-Dependent Type I and III Interferon Promoter Activation. Front Immunol 2022; 12:694105. [PMID: 35069519 PMCID: PMC8767557 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.694105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Filovirus family consists of highly pathogenic viruses that have caused fatal outbreaks especially in many African countries. Previously, research focus has been on Ebola, Sudan and Marburg viruses leaving other filoviruses less well studied. Filoviruses, in general, pose a significant global threat since they are highly virulent and potentially transmissible between humans causing sporadic infections and local or widespread epidemics. Filoviruses have the ability to downregulate innate immunity, and especially viral protein 24 (VP24), VP35 and VP40 have variably been shown to interfere with interferon (IFN) gene expression and signaling. Here we systematically analyzed the ability of VP24 proteins of nine filovirus family members to interfere with retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated antigen 5 (MDA5) induced IFN-β and IFN-λ1 promoter activation. All VP24 proteins were localized both in the cell cytoplasm and nucleus in variable amounts. VP24 proteins of Zaire and Sudan ebolaviruses, Lloviu, Taï Forest, Reston, Marburg and Bundibugyo viruses (EBOV, SUDV, LLOV, TAFV, RESTV, MARV and BDBV, respectively) were found to inhibit both RIG-I and MDA5 stimulated IFN-β and IFN-λ1 promoter activation. The inhibition takes place downstream of interferon regulatory factor 3 phosphorylation suggesting the inhibition to occur in the nucleus. VP24 proteins of Mengla (MLAV) or Bombali viruses (BOMV) did not inhibit IFN-β or IFN-λ1 promoter activation. Six ebolavirus VP24s and Lloviu VP24 bound tightly, whereas MARV and MLAV VP24s bound weakly, to importin α5, the subtype that regulates the nuclear import of STAT complexes. MARV and MLAV VP24 binding to importin α5 was very weak. Our data provides new information on the innate immune inhibitory mechanisms of filovirus VP24 proteins, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of filovirus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix B. He
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hira Khan
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Moona Huttunen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Kolehmainen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Krister Melén
- Expert Microbiology Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Maljanen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mengmeng Qu
- Research Center for Clinical & Translational Medicine, Fifth Medical Center for General Hospital of People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Expert Microbiology Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Kakkola
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka Julkunen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Clinical Microbiology, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chander Y, Kumar R, Khandelwal N, Singh N, Shringi BN, Barua S, Kumar N. Role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling in virus replication and potential for developing broad spectrum antiviral drugs. Rev Med Virol 2021; 31:1-16. [PMID: 33450133 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play a key role in complex cellular processes such as proliferation, development, differentiation, transformation and apoptosis. Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs which include extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)-1/2, p38 proteins, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3) and ERK5. p38 MAPK is activated by a wide range of cellular stresses and modulates activity of several downstream kinases and transcription factors which are involved in regulating cytoskeleton remodeling, cell cycle modulation, inflammation, antiviral response and apoptosis. In viral infections, activation of cell signalling pathways is part of the cellular defense mechanism with the basic aim of inducing an antiviral state. However, viruses can exploit enhanced cell signalling activities to support various stages of their replication cycles. Kinase activity can be inhibited by small molecule chemical inhibitors, so one strategy to develop antiviral drugs is to target these cellular signalling pathways. In this review, we provide an overview on the current understanding of various cellular and viral events regulated by the p38 signalling pathway, with a special emphasis on targeting these events for antiviral drug development which might identify candidates with broad spectrum activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Chander
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, India.,Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambeshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ram Kumar
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, India.,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, India
| | - Nitin Khandelwal
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, India.,Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Namita Singh
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambeshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Brij Nandan Shringi
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, India
| | - Sanjay Barua
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ludwig S, Hrincius ER, Boergeling Y. The Two Sides of the Same Coin-Influenza Virus and Intracellular Signal Transduction. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:cshperspect.a038513. [PMID: 31871235 PMCID: PMC7778220 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a038513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cells respond to extracellular agents by activation of intracellular signaling pathways. Viruses can be regarded as such agents, leading to a firework of signaling inside the cell, primarily induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that provoke safeguard mechanisms to defend from the invader. In the constant arms race between pathogen and cellular defense, viruses not only have evolved mechanisms to suppress or misuse supposedly antiviral signaling processes for their own benefit but also actively induce signaling to promote replication. This creates viral dependencies that may be exploited for novel strategies of antiviral intervention. Here, we will summarize the current knowledge of activation and function of influenza virus-induced signaling pathways with a focus on nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway. We will discuss the opportunities and drawbacks of targeting these signaling pathways for antiviral intervention.
Collapse
|
6
|
Salka K, Arroyo M, Chorvinsky E, Abutaleb K, Perez GF, Wolf S, Xuchen X, Weinstock J, Gutierrez MJ, Pérez-Losada M, Pillai DK, Nino G. Innate IFN-lambda responses to dsRNA in the human infant airway epithelium and clinical regulatory factors during viral respiratory infections in early life. Clin Exp Allergy 2020; 50:1044-1054. [PMID: 32623773 PMCID: PMC7484417 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION IFN lambda (type III-IFN-λ1) is a molecule primarily produced by epithelial cells that provides an important first-line defence against viral respiratory infections and has been linked to the pathogenesis of viral-induced wheezing in early life. The goal of this study was to better understand the regulation of innate IFN-lambda responses in vitro in primary human infant airway epithelial cells (AECs) and in vivo using nasal aspirates during viral respiratory infections. METHODS IFN-lambda protein levels were quantified: (a) in human infant AECs exposed to (poly(I:C) dsRNA) under different experimental conditions (n = 8 donors); and (b) in nasal aspirates of young children (≤3 years) hospitalized with viral respiratory infection (n = 138) and in uninfected controls (n = 74). In vivo IFN-lambda airway levels during viral infections were correlated with individual characteristics and respiratory disease parameters. RESULTS Our in vitro experiments showed that the poly(I:C)-induced innate production of IFN lambda in human infant AECs is regulated by (a) p38-MAPK/NF-kB dependent mechanism; and (b) exposure to pro-inflammatory signals such as IL1β. Our in vivo studies demonstrated that (a) infants (<18 months) had higher virus-induced IFN-lambda airway secretion; (b) subjects with RSV infection showed the highest IFN-lambda airway levels; and (c) individuals with the highest virus-induced IFN-lambda levels (>90th percentile) had higher viral loads and were more likely to have respiratory sick visits within 12 months of discharge (OR = 5.8). CONCLUSION IFN-lambda responses to dsRNA in the human infant airway epithelium are regulated by p38-MAPK and NF-kB signalling. High in vivo IFN-lambda production is influenced by virus type and associated with recurrent respiratory sick visits in young children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Salka
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Maria Arroyo
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Elizabeth Chorvinsky
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Karima Abutaleb
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Geovanny F. Perez
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Seth Wolf
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Xilei Xuchen
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Jered Weinstock
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Maria J. Gutierrez
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Marcos Pérez-Losada
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Dinesh K. Pillai
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - Gustavo Nino
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou BX, Li J, Liang XL, Pan XP, Hao YB, Xie PF, Jiang HM, Yang ZF, Zhong NS. β-sitosterol ameliorates influenza A virus-induced proinflammatory response and acute lung injury in mice by disrupting the cross-talk between RIG-I and IFN/STAT signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1178-1196. [PMID: 32504068 PMCID: PMC7273125 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Sitosterol (24-ethyl-5-cholestene-3-ol) is a common phytosterol Chinese medical plants that has been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. In this study we investigated the effects of β-sitosterol on influenza virus-induced inflammation and acute lung injury and the molecular mechanisms. We demonstrate that β-sitosterol (150–450 μg/mL) dose-dependently suppresses inflammatory response through NF-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in influenza A virus (IAV)-infected cells, which was accompanied by decreased induction of interferons (IFNs) (including Type I and III IFN). Furthermore, we revealed that the anti-inflammatory effect of β-sitosterol resulted from its inhibitory effect on retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling, led to decreased STAT1 signaling, thus affecting the transcriptional activity of ISGF3 (interferon-stimulated gene factor 3) complexes and resulting in abrogation of the IAV-induced proinflammatory amplification effect in IFN-sensitized cells. Moreover, β-sitosterol treatment attenuated RIG-I-mediated apoptotic injury of alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) via downregulation of pro-apoptotic factors. In a mouse model of influenza, pre-administration of β-sitosterol (50, 200 mg·kg−1·d−1, i.g., for 2 days) dose-dependently ameliorated IAV-mediated recruitment of pathogenic cytotoxic T cells and immune dysregulation. In addition, pre-administration of β-sitosterol protected mice from lethal IAV infection. Our data suggest that β-sitosterol blocks the immune response mediated by RIG-I signaling and deleterious IFN production, providing a potential benefit for the treatment of influenza.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu J, Ou L, Zhou Y, Yang Z, Bie M. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces interferon-λ2 expression to anti-influenza A virus in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) through p38 MAPK signaling pathway. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:989-997. [PMID: 32274168 PMCID: PMC7139080 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2020.03.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major component of green tea, has been found to inhibit the influenza virus. However, the mechanism of EGCG anti-influenza virus effect needs to be further explored. Methods BEAS-2B cells were treated with different concentrations of EGCG or were treated with EGCG for different times. CCK8 assay was used to detect the cell viability, and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to measure the interferon (IFN)-λ2 mRNA and protein expression levels. The phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P-p38 MAPK), phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (P-ERK), and phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (P-JNK) expression were tested by western blot. Then, p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK inhibitor were used to study the effect of p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK signaling pathways on IFN-λ2 expression. The BEAS-2B cells were treated with EGCG, EGCG and IFN λ2 neutralizing antibody or control antibody for 12 h, and were infected with influenza A virus (IAV) (H1N1) for 1 h. After 12 h, nucleoprotein (NP) mRNA and protein expression levels of H1N1 were assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Results The IFN-λ2 mRNA and protein expression levels in BEAS-2B cells were up-regulated after EGCG (treatment in time- and dose-dependent manners the concentration range from 0 to 50 µg/mL had no cytotoxicity). Meanwhile, the P-p38 MAPK, P-ERK, and P-JNK expression levels were up-regulated. IFN-λ2 mRNA and protein expression was inhibited after p38 MAPK inhibitor pre-treatment, but not by ERK and JNK inhibitors. Furthermore, the expression of H1N1 NP gene and protein decreased after EGCG pre-treatment, while IFN-λ2 neutralizing antibody attenuated the effect of EGCG inhibiting the expression of H1N1 NP gene and protein. Conclusions EGCG inhibited IAV H1N1 by inducing the expression of IFN-λ2 in BEAS-2B cells through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Guizhou Province Department of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Ou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Chengdu 363 Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongjun Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zixiao Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Mingjiang Bie
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition), Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun Y, Xu W, Li D, Zhou H, Qu F, Cao S, Tang J, Zhou Y, He Z, Li H, Zhou Z, Liu Z. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in intestinal immune response to bacterial muramyl dipeptide challenge in Ctenopharyngodon idella. Mol Immunol 2020; 118:79-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
10
|
Lundberg R, Melén K, Westenius V, Jiang M, Österlund P, Khan H, Vapalahti O, Julkunen I, Kakkola L. Zika Virus Non-Structural Protein NS5 Inhibits the RIG-I Pathway and Interferon Lambda 1 Promoter Activation by Targeting IKK Epsilon. Viruses 2019; 11:E1024. [PMID: 31690057 PMCID: PMC6893776 DOI: 10.3390/v11111024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family and an important human pathogen. Most pathogenic viruses encode proteins that interfere with the activation of host innate immune responses. Like other flaviviruses, ZIKV interferes with the expression of interferon (IFN) genes and inhibits IFN-induced antiviral responses. ZIKV infects through epithelial barriers where IFN-λ1 is an important antiviral molecule. In this study, we analyzed the effects of ZIKV proteins on the activation of IFN-λ1 promoter. All ZIKV proteins were cloned and transiently expressed. ZIKV NS5, but no other ZIKV protein, was able to interfere with the RIG-I signaling pathway. This inhibition took place upstream of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) resulting in reduced phosphorylation of IRF3 and reduced activation of IFN-λ1 promoter. Furthermore, we showed that ZIKV NS5 interacts with the protein kinase IKKε, which is likely critical to the observed inhibition of phosphorylation of IRF3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rickard Lundberg
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Krister Melén
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Veera Westenius
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Miao Jiang
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Pamela Österlund
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Hira Khan
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Ilkka Julkunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
- Turku University Central Hospital, Clinical microbiology, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Laura Kakkola
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mitchell S, Mercado EL, Adelaja A, Ho JQ, Cheng QJ, Ghosh G, Hoffmann A. An NFκB Activity Calculator to Delineate Signaling Crosstalk: Type I and II Interferons Enhance NFκB via Distinct Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1425. [PMID: 31293585 PMCID: PMC6604663 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) is a transcription factor that controls inflammation and cell survival. In clinical histology, elevated NFκB activity is a hallmark of poor prognosis in inflammatory disease and cancer, and may be the result of a combination of diverse micro-environmental constituents. While previous quantitative studies of NFκB focused on its signaling dynamics in single cells, we address here how multiple stimuli may combine to control tissue level NFκB activity. We present a novel, simplified model of NFκB (SiMoN) that functions as an NFκB activity calculator. We demonstrate its utility by exploring how type I and type II interferons modulate NFκB activity in macrophages. Whereas, type I IFNs potentiate NFκB activity by inhibiting translation of IκBα and by elevating viral RNA sensor (RIG-I) expression, type II IFN amplifies NFκB activity by increasing the degradation of free IκB through transcriptional induction of proteasomal cap components (PA28). Both cross-regulatory mechanisms amplify NFκB activation in response to weaker (viral) inducers, while responses to stronger (bacterial or cytokine) inducers remain largely unaffected. Our work demonstrates how the NFκB calculator can reveal distinct mechanisms of crosstalk on NFκB activity in interferon-containing microenvironments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mitchell
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ellen L Mercado
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, San Diego Center for Systems Biology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Adewunmi Adelaja
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Q Ho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Quen J Cheng
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gourisankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Signaling Systems Laboratory, San Diego Center for Systems Biology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sequential conditioning-stimulation reveals distinct gene- and stimulus-specific effects of Type I and II IFN on human macrophage functions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5288. [PMID: 30918279 PMCID: PMC6437173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages orchestrate immune responses by sensing and responding to pathogen-associated molecules. These responses are modulated by prior conditioning with cytokines such as interferons (IFNs). Type I and II IFN have opposing functions in many biological scenarios, yet macrophages directly stimulated with Type I or II IFN activate highly overlapping gene expression programs. We hypothesized that a sequential conditioning-stimulation approach would reveal with greater specificity the differential effects of Type I and II IFN on human macrophages. By first conditioning with IFN then stimulating with toll-like receptor ligands and cytokines, followed by genome-wide RNA-seq analysis, we identified 713 genes whose expression was unaffected by IFN alone but showed potentiated or diminished responses to a stimulus after conditioning. For example, responses to the cytokine TNF were restricted by Type II IFN conditioning but potentiated by Type I IFN conditioning. We observed that the effects of IFN were not uniformly pro- or anti-inflammatory, but highly gene-specific and stimulus-specific. By assessing expression levels of key signal transducers and characterizing chromatin accessibility by ATAC-seq, we identify the likely molecular mechanisms underlying Type I and Type II-specific effects, distinguishing between modulation of cytoplasmic signaling networks and the nuclear epigenome that synergistically regulate macrophage immune responses.
Collapse
|
13
|
Lork M, Kreike M, Staal J, Beyaert R. Importance of Validating Antibodies and Small Compound Inhibitors Using Genetic Knockout Studies-T Cell Receptor-Induced CYLD Phosphorylation by IKKε/TBK1 as a Case Study. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:40. [PMID: 29755980 PMCID: PMC5932415 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CYLD is a deubiquitinating enzyme that plays a crucial role in immunity and inflammation as a negative regulator of NF-κB transcription factor and JNK kinase signaling. Defects in either of these pathways contribute to the progression of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Therefore, we set out to unravel molecular mechanisms that control CYLD activity in the context of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. More specifically, we focused on CYLD phosphorylation at Ser418, which can be detected upon immunoblotting of cell extracts with phospho(Ser418)-CYLD specific antibodies. Jurkat T cells stimulated with either anti-CD3/anti-CD28 or PMA/Ionomycin (to mimic TCR signaling) were used as a model system. The role of specific kinases was analyzed using pharmacological as well as genetic approaches. Our initial data indicated that CYLD is directly phosphorylated by the noncanonical IκB kinases (IKKs) IKKε and TANK Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) at Ser418 upon TCR stimulation. Treatment with MRT67307, a small compound inhibitor for IKKε and TBK1, inhibited TCR-induced CYLD phosphorylation. However, the phospho(Ser418)-CYLD immunoreactive band was still present in CRISPR/Cas9 generated IKKε/TBK1 double knockout cell lines, where it could still be prevented by MRT67307, indicating that the initially observed inhibitory effect of MRT67307 on TCR-induced CYLD phosphorylation is IKKε/TBK1-independent. Most surprisingly, the phospho(Ser418)-CYLD immunoreactive band was still detectable upon immunoblotting of cell extracts obtained from CYLD deficient cells. These data demonstrate the non-specificity of MRT67307 and phospho(Ser418)-CYLD specific antibodies, implying that previously published results based on these tools may also have led to wrong conclusions. We therefore advise to use genetic knockout studies or alternative approaches for a better validation of antibodies and small compound inhibitors. Interestingly, immunoprecipitation with the phospho(Ser418)-CYLD antibody, followed by immunoblotting with anti-CYLD, revealed that CYLD is phosphorylated by IKKε/TBK1 at Ser418 upon T cell stimulation, but that its direct detection with the phospho(Ser418)-CYLD-specific antibody in a western blot is masked by another inducible protein of the same size that is recognized by the same antibody.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lork
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marja Kreike
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens Staal
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
He F, Melén K, Maljanen S, Lundberg R, Jiang M, Österlund P, Kakkola L, Julkunen I. Ebolavirus protein VP24 interferes with innate immune responses by inhibiting interferon-λ1 gene expression. Virology 2017; 509:23-34. [PMID: 28595092 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ebolaviruses (EBOV) cause severe disease with a recent outbreak in West Africa in 2014-2015 leading to more than 28 000 cases and 11 300 fatalities. This emphasizes the urgent need for better knowledge on these highly pathogenic RNA viruses. Host innate immune responses play a key role in restricting the spread of a viral disease. In this study we systematically analyzed the effects of cloned EBOV genes on the main host immune response to RNA viruses: the activation of RIG-I pathway and type I and III interferon (IFN) gene expression. EBOV VP24, in addition of inhibiting IFN-induced antiviral responses, was found to efficiently inhibit type III IFN-λ1 gene expression. This inhibition was found to occur downstream of IRF3 activation and to be dependent on VP24 importin binding residues. These results emphasize the importance of VP24 in EBOV infection cycle, making VP24 as an excellent target for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix He
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Krister Melén
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku, Finland; Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Sari Maljanen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Rickard Lundberg
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Miao Jiang
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Pamela Österlund
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Laura Kakkola
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Ilkka Julkunen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Virology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Modulation of Dendritic Cell Apoptosis and CD8 + Cytotoxicity by Histamine: Role of Protein Kinase C. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:9402814. [PMID: 28947859 PMCID: PMC5602510 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9402814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are able to present extracellular antigens associated with the molecules of the major histocompatibility complex class I. In a previous work, we demonstrated that the histamine (HIS), acting through H1/H4 receptors, increases the cross-presentation of soluble ovalbumin by murine DC and can enhance the recruitment of specific CD8+ T lymphocytes during the development of chronic inflammatory responses. Here, we studied in more depth the mechanisms underlying this enhancement. We showed that the cytotoxicity of specific CD8+ lymphocytes is increased in HIS-treated DC and it is lost by inhibition of vacuolar-ATPase that prevents endosome acidification. It is known that HIS acts through G protein-coupled receptors. The H1/H4 receptors are associated with a Gq subunit, which involves PKC signaling, a pathway related to the apoptotic process. Interestingly, we demonstrated for the first time that HIS prevents DC apoptosis induced by heat shock through the inhibition of caspase-3, a mechanism dependent on PKC activation, since it is reversed by its inhibition. By contrast, cytolytic activity of T lymphocytes induced by HIS-stimulated DC was independent of PKC pathway.
Collapse
|
16
|
Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide and gemcitabine inhibit Zika virus infection in vitro and differentially affect cellular signaling, transcription and metabolism. Antiviral Res 2016; 139:117-128. [PMID: 28049006 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection associated with congenital abnormalities such as microcephaly, is ongoing in the Americas and the Pacific. Currently there are no approved therapies to treat this emerging viral disease. Here, we tested three cell-directed broad-spectrum antiviral compounds against ZIKV replication using human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and a low-passage ZIKV strain isolated from fetal brain. We found that obatoclax, SaliPhe, and gemcitabine inhibited ZIKV infections at noncytotoxic concentrations. Moreover, all three compounds prevented production of viral RNA and proteins as well as activation of cellular caspase 8, 3 and 7. However, these compounds differentially affected ZIKV-mediated transcription, translation and posttranslational modifications of cellular factors as well as metabolic pathways indicating that these agents possess different mechanisms of action. Interestingly, combination of obatoclax and SaliPhe at nanomolar concentrations had a synergistic effect against ZIKV infection. Thus, our results provided the foundation for development of broad-spectrum cell-directed antivirals or their combinations for treatment of ZIKV and other emerging viral diseases.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang X, Hao H, Xia Z, Xu G, Cao Z, Chen X, Liu S, Zhu Y. Soluble IL-6 Receptor and IL-27 Subunit p28 Protein Complex Mediate the Antiviral Response through the Type III IFN Pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:2369-81. [PMID: 27527594 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that the soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) plays an important role in the host antiviral response through induction of type I IFN and sIL-6R-mediated antiviral action via the IL-27 subunit p28; however, the mechanism that underlies sIL-6R and p28 antiviral action and whether type III IFN is involved remain unknown. In this study, we constructed a sIL-6R and p28 fusion protein (sIL-6R/p28 FP) and demonstrated that the fusion protein has stronger antiviral activity than sIL-6R alone. Consequently, knockout of sIL-6R inhibited virus-triggered IFN-λ1 expression. In addition, sIL-6R/p28 FP associated with mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein and TNFR-associated factor 6, the retinoic acid-inducible gene I adapter complex, and the antiviral activity mediated by sIL-6R/p28 FP was dependent on mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein. Furthermore, significantly reduced binding of p50/p65 and IFN regulatory factor 3 to the IFN-λ1 promoter was observed in sIL-6R knockout cells compared with the control cells. Interestingly, a novel heterodimer of c-Fos and activating transcription factor 1 was identified as a crucial transcriptional activator of IFN-λ1 The sIL-6R/p28 FP upregulated IFN-λ1 expression by increasing the binding abilities of c-Fos and activating transcription factor 1 to the IFN-λ1 promoter via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the important role of sIL-6R/p28 FP in mediating virus-induced type III IFN production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hua Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhangchuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhongying Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xueyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Söderholm S, Anastasina M, Islam MM, Tynell J, Poranen MM, Bamford DH, Stenman J, Julkunen I, Šaulienė I, De Brabander JK, Matikainen S, Nyman TA, Saelens X, Kainov D. Immuno-modulating properties of saliphenylhalamide, SNS-032, obatoclax, and gemcitabine. Antiviral Res 2015; 126:69-80. [PMID: 26738783 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) impact the public health and global economy by causing yearly epidemics and occasional pandemics. Several anti-IAV drugs are available and many are in development. However, the question remains which of these antiviral agents may allow activation of immune responses and protect patients against co- and re-infections. To answer to this question, we analysed immuno-modulating properties of the antivirals saliphenylhalamide (SaliPhe), SNS-032, obatoclax, and gemcitabine, and found that only gemcitabine did not impair immune responses in infected cells. It also allowed activation of innate immune responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and interferon alpha (IFNα)-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, immuno-mediators produced by gemcitabine-treated IAV-infected macrophages were able to prime immune responses in non-infected cells. Thus, we identified an antiviral agent which might be beneficial for treatment of patients with severe viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Söderholm
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (TTL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Anastasina
- The Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Janne Tynell
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Dennis H Bamford
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jakob Stenman
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka Julkunen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; Department of Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ingrida Šaulienė
- Department of Environmental Research, Siauliai University, Siauliai, Lithuania
| | - Jef K De Brabander
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | | | - Tuula A Nyman
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xavier Saelens
- Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Denis Kainov
- The Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|