1
|
Radanovic I, Klarenbeek N, Rissmann R, Groeneveld GJ, van Brummelen EMJ, Moerland M, Bosch JJ. Integration of healthy volunteers in early phase clinical trials with immuno-oncological compounds. Front Oncol 2022; 12:954806. [PMID: 36106110 PMCID: PMC9465458 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.954806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Traditionally, early phase clinical trials in oncology have been performed in patients based on safety risk-benefit assessment. Therapeutic transition to immuno-oncology may open new opportunities for studies in healthy volunteers, which are conducted faster and are less susceptible to confounders. Aim of this study was to investigate to what extent this approach is utilized and whether pharmacodynamic endpoints are evaluated in these early phase trials. We conducted a comprehensive review of clinical trials with healthy volunteers using immunotherapies potentially relevant for oncology. Methods Literature searches according to PRISMA guidelines and after registration in PROSPERO were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases with the cut-off date 20 October 2020, using search terms of relevant targets in immuno-oncology. Articles describing clinical trials with immunotherapeutics in healthy volunteers with a mechanism relevant for oncology were included. “Immunotherapeutic” was defined as compounds exhibiting effects through immunological targets. Data including study design and endpoints were extracted, with specific attention to pharmacodynamic endpoints and safety. Results In total, we found 38 relevant immunotherapeutic compounds tested in HVs, with 86% of studies investigating safety, 82% investigating the pharmacokinetics (PK) and 57% including at least one pharmacodynamic (PD) endpoint. Most of the observed adverse events (AEs) were Grade 1 and 2, consisting mostly of gastrointestinal, cutaneous and flu-like symptoms. Severe AEs were leukopenia, asthenia, syncope, headache, flu-like reaction and liver enzymes increase. PD endpoints investigated comprised of cytokines, immune and inflammatory biomarkers, cell counts, phenotyping circulating immune cells and ex vivo challenge assays. Discussion Healthy volunteer studies with immuno-oncology compounds have been performed, although not to a large extent. The integration of healthy volunteers in well-designed proof-of-mechanism oriented drug development programs has advantages and could be pursued more in the future, since integrative clinical trial protocols may facilitate early dose selection and prevent cancer patients to be exposed to non-therapeutic dosing regimens. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=210861, identifier CRD42020210861
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Radanovic
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Robert Rissmann
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Groeneveld
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Matthijs Moerland
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jacobus J. Bosch
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jacobus J. Bosch,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dendritic cell-based cancer immunotherapy in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors: From bench to bedside. Life Sci 2022; 297:120466. [PMID: 35271882 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) can present tumoral antigens to T-cells and stimulate T-cell-mediated anti-tumoral immune responses. In addition to uptaking, processing, and presenting tumoral antigens to T-cells, co-stimulatory signals have to be established between DCs with T-cells to develop anti-tumoral immune responses. However, most of the tumor-infiltrated immune cells are immunosuppressive in the tumor microenvironment (TME), paving the way for immune evasion of tumor cells. This immunosuppressive TME has also been implicated in suppressing the DC-mediated anti-tumoral immune responses, as well. Various factors, i.e., immunoregulatory cells, metabolic factors, tumor-derived immunosuppressive factors, and inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules, have been implicated in developing the immunosuppressive TME. Herein, we aimed to review the biology of DCs in developing T-cell-mediated anti-tumoral immune responses, the significance of immunoregulatory cells in the TME, metabolic barriers contributing to DCs dysfunction in the TME, tumor-derived immunosuppressive factors, and inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules in DC-based cell therapy outcomes. With reviewing the ongoing clinical trials, we also proposed a novel therapeutic strategy to increase the efficacy of DC-based cell therapy. Indeed, the combination of DC-based cell therapy with monoclonal antibodies against novel immune checkpoint molecules can be a promising strategy to increase the response rate of patients with cancers.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ye Y, Zhang Y, Yang N, Gao Q, Ding X, Kuang X, Bao R, Zhang Z, Sun C, Zhou B, Wang L, Hu Q, Lin C, Gao J, Lou Y, Lin SH, Diao L, Liu H, Chen X, Mills GB, Han L. Profiling of immune features to predict immunotherapy efficacy. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100194. [PMID: 34977836 PMCID: PMC8688727 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies exhibit substantial clinical benefit in different cancers, but relatively low response rates in the majority of patients highlight the need to understand mutual relationships among immune features. Here, we reveal overall positive correlations among immune checkpoints and immune cell populations. Clinically, patients benefiting from ICB exhibited increases for both immune stimulatory and inhibitory features after initiation of therapy, suggesting that the activation of the immune microenvironment might serve as the biomarker to predict immune response. As proof-of-concept, we demonstrated that the immune activation score (ISΔ) based on dynamic alteration of interleukins in patient plasma as early as two cycles (4–6 weeks) after starting immunotherapy can accurately predict immunotherapy efficacy. Our results reveal a systematic landscape of associations among immune features and provide a noninvasive, cost-effective, and time-efficient approach based on dynamic profiling of pre- and on-treatment plasma to predict immunotherapy efficacy. Reveal a systematic landscape of associations among immune features in primary, metastatic, and ICB-treated tumors The activation of the immune microenvironment might serve as the biomarker of immunotherapy Dynamic alteration of interleukins in patient plasma can accurately predict immunotherapy efficacy Provide a noninvasive, cost-effective, and time-efficient approach to predict immunotherapy efficacy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youqiong Ye
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xinyu Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xinwei Kuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Rujuan Bao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chaoyang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bingying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Qingsong Hu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunru Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanyan Lou
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Steven H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
García-Perdomo HA, Gómez-Ospina JC, Reis LO. Immunonutrition hope? Oral nutritional supplement on cancer treatment. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14625. [PMID: 34251725 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy and safety of antitumoral nutritional supplement (Oncoxin® ), and to describe its mechanism of action. METHODS Scoping review according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute included patients older than 18 years who have any kind of tumour and receive Oncoxin® as a supplement regarding the efficacy in terms of antitumoral properties, quality of life and survival, safety in terms of adverse events, and the mechanism of action. With no limit for language or setting, MEDLINE (Pubmed), EMBASE (Scopus), LILACS and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched from database inception to May 2021. FINDINGS A promising increment of survival and quality of life in terms of Karnofsky and EORTC scales. Regarding the mechanism of action, studies suggest that it modifies inflammatory mediators' expression, as evidenced by the reduction of COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12 and IFN-γ. Besides, it promotes an arrest in the progression of cells from G1 into S, along with an increase in p27 and a decrease in cyclin D1 and pRb. It decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, it can also decrease cytokines with antitumor activity such as IFN-γ, which should be further explored in larger trials and the long term. INTERPRETATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Current literature shows promising complementary effects of oral supplements to the standard treatment of cancer patients in diverse scenarios. It might help patients to deal with toxicities and adverse effects related to cancer treatment and improve their nutritional or clinical profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herney Andrés García-Perdomo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
- UROGIV Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Leonardo Oliveira Reis
- UroScience Laboratory, University of Campinas, Unicamp and Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, PUC-Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Apollonio B, Ioannou N, Papazoglou D, Ramsay AG. Understanding the Immune-Stroma Microenvironment in B Cell Malignancies for Effective Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:626818. [PMID: 33842331 PMCID: PMC8027510 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.626818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers, including lymphomas, develop in complex tissue environments where malignant cells actively promote the creation of a pro-tumoral niche that suppresses effective anti-tumor effector T cell responses. Research is revealing that the tumor microenvironment (TME) differs between different types of lymphoma, covering inflamed environments, as exemplified by Hodgkin lymphoma, to non-inflamed TMEs as seen in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or diffuse-large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In this review we consider how T cells and interferon-driven inflammatory signaling contribute to the regulation of anti-tumor immune responses, as well as sensitivity to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. We discuss tumor intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms critical to anti-tumor immune responses, as well as sensitivity to immunotherapies, before adding an additional layer of complexity within the TME: the immunoregulatory role of non-hematopoietic stromal cells that co-evolve with tumors. Studying the intricate interactions between the immune-stroma lymphoma TME should help to design next-generation immunotherapies and combination treatment strategies to overcome complex TME-driven immune suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Apollonio
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos Ioannou
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Despoina Papazoglou
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan G Ramsay
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gossel LDH, Heim C, Pfeffermann LM, Moser LM, Bönig HB, Klingebiel TE, Bader P, Wels WS, Merker M, Rettinger E. Retargeting of NK-92 Cells against High-Risk Rhabdomyosarcomas by Means of an ERBB2 (HER2/Neu)-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061443. [PMID: 33809981 PMCID: PMC8004684 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dismal prognosis of pediatric and young adult patients with high-risk rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) underscores the need for novel treatment options for this patient group. In previous studies, the tumor-associated surface antigen ERBB2 (HER2/neu) was identified as targetable in high-risk RMS. As a proof of concept, in this study, a novel treatment approach against RMS tumors using a genetically modified natural killer (NK)-92 cell line (NK-92/5.28.z) as an off-the-shelf ERBB2-chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered cell product was preclinically explored. In cytotoxicity assays, NK-92/5.28.z cells specifically recognized and efficiently eliminated RMS cell suspensions, tumor cell monolayers, and 3D tumor spheroids via the ERBB2-CAR even at effector-to-target ratios as low as 1:1. In contrast to unmodified parental NK-92 cells, which failed to lyse RMS cells, NK-92/5.28.z cells proliferated and became further activated through contact with ERBB2-positive tumor cells. Furthermore, high amounts of effector molecules, such as proinflammatory and antitumoral cytokines, were found in cocultures of NK-92/5.28.z cells with tumor cells. Taken together, our data suggest the enormous potential of this approach for improving the immunotherapy of treatment-resistant tumors, revealing the dual role of NK-92/5.28.z cells as CAR-targeted killers and modulators of endogenous adaptive immunity even in the inhibitory tumor microenvironment of high-risk RMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie D. H. Gossel
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.D.H.G.); (C.H.); (L.M.M.); (P.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Catrin Heim
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.D.H.G.); (C.H.); (L.M.M.); (P.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Lisa-Marie Pfeffermann
- Department of Cellular Therapeutics/Cell Processing, Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology Frankfurt am Main, Goethe University Medical School, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.-M.P.); (H.B.B.)
| | - Laura M. Moser
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.D.H.G.); (C.H.); (L.M.M.); (P.B.); (M.M.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.E.K.); (W.S.W.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Universitäres Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (UCT), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Halvard B. Bönig
- Department of Cellular Therapeutics/Cell Processing, Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology Frankfurt am Main, Goethe University Medical School, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.-M.P.); (H.B.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98198-7720, USA
| | - Thomas E. Klingebiel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.E.K.); (W.S.W.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Universitäres Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (UCT), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter Bader
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.D.H.G.); (C.H.); (L.M.M.); (P.B.); (M.M.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.E.K.); (W.S.W.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Universitäres Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (UCT), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Winfried S. Wels
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.E.K.); (W.S.W.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Universitäres Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (UCT), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Merker
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.D.H.G.); (C.H.); (L.M.M.); (P.B.); (M.M.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.E.K.); (W.S.W.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Universitäres Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (UCT), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eva Rettinger
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.D.H.G.); (C.H.); (L.M.M.); (P.B.); (M.M.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.E.K.); (W.S.W.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Universitäres Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (UCT), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)69-6301-80631; Fax: +49-(0)69-6301-4202
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wan Z, Zheng R, Moharil P, Liu Y, Chen J, Sun R, Song X, Ao Q. Polymeric Micelles in Cancer Immunotherapy. Molecules 2021; 26:1220. [PMID: 33668746 PMCID: PMC7956602 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies have generated some miracles in the clinic by orchestrating our immune system to combat cancer cells. However, the safety and efficacy concerns of the systemic delivery of these immunostimulatory agents has limited their application. Nanomedicine-based delivery strategies (e.g., liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, silico, etc.) play an essential role in improving cancer immunotherapies, either by enhancing the anti-tumor immune response, or reducing their systemic adverse effects. The versatility of working with biocompatible polymers helps these polymeric nanoparticles stand out as a key carrier to improve bioavailability and achieve specific delivery at the site of action. This review provides a summary of the latest advancements in the use of polymeric micelles for cancer immunotherapy, including their application in delivering immunological checkpoint inhibitors, immunostimulatory molecules, engineered T cells, and cancer vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoya Wan
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Z.W.); (J.C.); (X.S.)
| | - Ruohui Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Pearl Moharil
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Yuzhe Liu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA;
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Z.W.); (J.C.); (X.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Runzi Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Xu Song
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Z.W.); (J.C.); (X.S.)
| | - Qiang Ao
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Z.W.); (J.C.); (X.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kane S, Engelhart A, Guadagno J, Jones A, Usoro I, Brutcher E. Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Characteristics of Tumor Microenvironment and Barriers to Treatment. J Adv Pract Oncol 2021; 11:693-698. [PMID: 33575066 PMCID: PMC7646635 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2020.11.7.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains a highly aggressive disease, with a 5-year relative survival rate of 10%. Numerous barriers to treatment exist, such as dense desmoplasia, infiltration of immune suppressor cells, inhibitory cytokines, low effector T-cell infiltration, and low tumor mutational burden. These factors help form a highly suppressive tumor microenvironment unique to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This review outlines barriers to treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by discussing the unique characteristics of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and the factors that contribute to making pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma such a challenging disease to treat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Kane
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anne Engelhart
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jessica Guadagno
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Aaron Jones
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Innis Usoro
- Department of Research, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Edith Brutcher
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Novel Concepts: Langerhans Cells in the Tumour Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1273:147-158. [PMID: 33119880 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49270-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) are immune cells that reside in the stratified epithelium of the skin and mucosal membranes. They play a range of roles in the skin, including antigen presentation and maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Reports of LC numbers have been variable in different cancer types, with the majority of studies indicating a reduction in their number. Changes in the cytokine profile and other secreted molecules, downregulation of surface molecules on cells and hypoxia all contribute to the regulation of LCs in the tumour microenvironment. Functionally, LCs have been reported to regulate immunity and carcinogenesis in different cancer types. An improved understanding of the function and biology of LCs in tumours is essential knowledge that underpins the development of new cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
|
10
|
IL-10 suppresses IFN-γ-mediated signaling in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:449-459. [PMID: 32306136 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by a wide variety of cells. It has been implicated in cancer progression, and at times, it has seemingly contradictory effects. The impact of IL-10 on immune components in the context of cancer has been intensively investigated, but its effect on cancer cells remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the expression of IL-10 and IL-10 receptor 1 (IL-10R1) in resected locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. IL-10 immunoreactivity was stronger in intraepithelial regions than in stroma. The amount of IL-10 found either in intraepithelial or in stromal regions had no prognostic value, but the relative distribution of IL-10 in these two locations was related to cancer-immune phenotypes. High expression of IL-10R1 by tumor cells was significantly correlated with poor prognosis, suggesting that IL-10-mediated signaling may induce cancer cell intrinsic effects that promote cancer progression. Functional analysis using human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines revealed that IL-10 did not directly affect cell proliferation and migration. Incubation of cancer cells with IL-10 suppressed interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced STAT1 phosphorylation and inhibited the transcription of IFN-γ-targeted genes, such as CXCL9, CXCL10, and PD-L1. IL-10 enhanced IFN-γ-induced SOCS1 and SOCS3 expression, an effect that might be responsible for the downregulation of STAT1 activity in cancer cells. Our findings provide a rationale for targeting IL-10 on cancer cells as a potential strategy for treating cancer.
Collapse
|
11
|
Antitumoral and Immunomodulatory Effect of Mahonia aquifolium Extracts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6439021. [PMID: 31949880 PMCID: PMC6948282 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6439021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prodrug potential of Mahonia aquifolium, a plant used for centuries in traditional medicine, recently gained visibility in the literature, and the activity of several active compounds isolated from its extracts was studied on biologic systems in vitro and in vivo. Whereas the antioxidative and antitumor activities of M. aquifolium-derived compounds were studied at some extent, there are very few data about their outcome on the immune system and tumor cells. To elucidate the M. aquifolium potential immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects, the bark, leaf, flower, green fruit, and ripe fruit extracts from the plant were tested on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tumor cells. The extracts exert fine-tuned control on the immune response, by modulating the CD25 lymphocyte activation pathway, the interleukin-10 signaling, and the tumor necrosis-alpha secretion in four distinct human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subpopulations. M. aquifolium extracts exhibit a moderate cytotoxicity and changes in the signaling pathways linked to cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of the tumor cells. These results open perspectives to further investigation of the M. aquifolium extract prodrug potential.
Collapse
|
12
|
Approaches to treat immune hot, altered and cold tumours with combination immunotherapies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019; 18:197-218. [PMID: 30610226 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-018-0007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1854] [Impact Index Per Article: 370.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapies are the most rapidly growing drug class and have a major impact in oncology and on human health. It is increasingly clear that the effectiveness of immunomodulatory strategies depends on the presence of a baseline immune response and on unleashing of pre-existing immunity. Therefore, a general consensus emerged on the central part played by effector T cells in the antitumour responses. Recent technological, analytical and mechanistic advances in immunology have enabled the identification of patients who are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. In this Review, we focus on defining hot, altered and cold tumours, the complexity of the tumour microenvironment, the Immunoscore and immune contexture of tumours, and we describe approaches to treat such tumours with combination immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors. In the upcoming era of combination immunotherapy, it is becoming critical to understand the mechanisms responsible for hot, altered or cold immune tumours in order to boost a weak antitumour immunity. The impact of combination therapy on the immune response to convert an immune cold into a hot tumour will be discussed.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Y, Zhang H, He YW. The Complement Receptors C3aR and C5aR Are a New Class of Immune Checkpoint Receptor in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1574. [PMID: 31379815 PMCID: PMC6658873 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made remarkable clinical advances in recent years. Antibodies targeting the immune checkpoint receptors PD-1 and CTLA-4 and adoptive cell therapy (ACT) based on ex vivo expanded peripheral CTLs, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), gene-engineered TCR- and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have all shown durable clinical efficacies in multiple types of cancers. However, these immunotherapeutic approaches only benefit a small fraction of cancer patients as various immune resistance mechanisms and limitations make their effective use a challenge in the majority of cancer patients. For example, adaptive resistance to therapeutic PD-1 blockade is associated with an upregulation of some additional immune checkpoint receptors. The efficacy of transferred tumor-specific T cells under the current clinical ACT protocol is often limited by their inefficient engraftment, poor persistence, and weak capability to attack tumor cells. Recent studies demonstrate that the complement receptor C3aR and C5aR function as a new class of immune checkpoint receptors. Complement signaling through C3aR and C5aR expressed on effector T lymphocytes prevent the production of the cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). Removing C3aR/C5aR-mediated transcriptional suppression of IL-10 expression results in endogenous IL-10 production by antitumor effector T cells, which drives T cell expansion and enhances T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Importantly, preclinical, and clinical data suggest that a signaling axis consisting of complement/C3aR/C5aR/IL-10 critically regulates T cell mediated antitumor immunity and manipulation of the pathway ex vivo and in vivo is an effective strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Furthermore, a combination of treatment strategies targeting the complement/C3aR/C5aR/IL-10 pathway with other treatment modalities may improve cancer therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Life Science Institute, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Silva AC, Lobo JMS. Cytokines and Growth Factors. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 171:87-113. [PMID: 31384960 DOI: 10.1007/10_2019_105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several cytokines have been used to treat autoimmune diseases, viral infections, and cancer and to regenerate the skin. In particular, interferons (INFs) have been used to treat cancer, hepatitis B and C, and multiple sclerosis, while interleukins (ILs) and tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) have been used in the management of different types of cancer. Concerning the hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs), epoetin has been used for anemia, whereas the colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) have been used for neutropenia. Other growth factors have been extensively explored, although most still need to demonstrate in vivo clinical relevance before reaching the market.This chapter provides an overview on the therapeutic applications of biological medicines containing recombinant cytokines and growth factors (HGFs and others). From this review, we concluded that the clinical relevance of recombinant cytokines has been increasing. Since the 1980s, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and/or Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have approved 89 biological medicines containing recombinant cytokines. Among these, 18 were withdrawn, 24 are biosimilars, and 18 are orphans.So far, considerable progress has been made in discovering new cytokines, additional cytokine functions, and how they interfere with human diseases. Future prospects include the approval of more biological and biosimilar medicines for different therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C Silva
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- FP-ENAS (UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit), CEBIMED (Biomedical Research Centre), Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.
| | - J M Sousa Lobo
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Young K, Hughes DJ, Cunningham D, Starling N. Immunotherapy and pancreatic cancer: unique challenges and potential opportunities. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2018; 10:1758835918816281. [PMID: 30574212 PMCID: PMC6299311 DOI: 10.1177/1758835918816281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to have the worst 5-year survival of any malignancy. With 338,000 new cases diagnosed and over 300,000 deaths per year globally there is an urgent unmet need to improve the therapeutic options available. Novel immunotherapies have shown promising results across multiple solid tumours, in a number of cases surpassing chemotherapy as a first-line therapeutic option. However, to date, trials of single-agent immunotherapies in PDAC have been disappointing and PDAC has been labelled as a nonimmunogenic cancer. This lack of response may in part be attributed to PDAC’s unique tumour microenvironment (TME), consisting of a dense fibrotic stroma and a scarcity of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes. However, as our understanding of the PDAC TME evolves, it is becoming apparent that the problem is not simply the immune system failing to recognize the cancer. There is a highly complex interplay between stromal signals, the immune system and tumour cells, at times possibly restraining tumour growth and at others supporting growth and metastasis. Understanding this complexity will enable the development of rational combinations with immunotherapy, priming the TME to offer immunotherapy the best chance of success. This review seeks to describe the unique challenges of the PDAC TME, the potential opportunities it may afford and the trials in progress capitalizing on recent insights in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Young
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daniel J Hughes
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - David Cunningham
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Naureen Starling
- Consultant Medical Oncologist, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 203 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bridge JA, Lee JC, Daud A, Wells JW, Bluestone JA. Cytokines, Chemokines, and Other Biomarkers of Response for Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Skin Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:351. [PMID: 30631766 PMCID: PMC6315146 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy for skin malignancies has ushered in a new era for cancer treatments by demonstrating unprecedented durable responses in the setting of metastatic Melanoma. Consequently, checkpoint inhibitors are now the first-line treatment of metastatic melanoma and widely used as adjuvant therapy for stage III disease. With the observation that higher tumor mutational burden correlates with a better response, checkpoint inhibitors are tested in other skin cancer types of known high tumor mutational burden with promising results and recently became the first-ever FDA-approved treatment for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. The emerging new standards-of-care will necessitate more precise biomarkers and predictors for treatment response and immune-related adverse events. Measurable immune-related mediators are currently under investigation as factors that promote or block the response to cancer immunotherapy and may provide insights into the underlying immune response to the tumor. Cytokines and chemokines are such mediators and are crucial for facilitating the recruitment and activation of specific subsets of leukocytes within the microenvironment of skin cancers. The exact mechanisms of how these meditators, both immunological and non-immunological, operate in the tumor microenvironment is an area of active research, so to reliable biomarkers of responses to cancer immunotherapy. Here, we will review and summarize the expanding body of literature for immune-related biomarkers pertaining to Melanoma, Basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma, highlighting clinically relevant checkpoint inhibitor therapy biomarker advancements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Bridge
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James C Lee
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Adil Daud
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James W Wells
- The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A Bluestone
- Sean N. Parker Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Finetti F, Baldari CT. The immunological synapse as a pharmacological target. Pharmacol Res 2018; 134:118-133. [PMID: 29898412 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of T cell mediated immunity relies on the assembly of a highly specialized interface between T cell and antigen presenting cell (APC), known as the immunological synapse (IS). IS assembly is triggered when the T cell receptor (TCR) binds to specific peptide antigen presented in association to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) by the APC, and is followed by the spatiotemporal dynamic redistribution of TCR, integrins, co-stimulatory receptors and signaling molecules, allowing for the fine-tuning and integration of the signals that lead to T cell activation. The knowledge acquired to date about the mechanisms of IS assembly underscores this structure as a robust pharmacological target. The activity of molecules involved in IS assembly and function can be targeted by specific compounds to modulate the immune response in a number of disorders, including cancers and autoimmune diseases, or in transplanted patients. Here, we will review the state-of-the art of the current therapies which exploit the IS to modulate the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Finetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena, 53100, Italy.
| | - Cosima T Baldari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena, 53100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Marin-Acevedo JA, Dholaria B, Soyano AE, Knutson KL, Chumsri S, Lou Y. Next generation of immune checkpoint therapy in cancer: new developments and challenges. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:39. [PMID: 29544515 PMCID: PMC5856308 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 524] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints consist of inhibitory and stimulatory pathways that maintain self-tolerance and assist with immune response. In cancer, immune checkpoint pathways are often activated to inhibit the nascent anti-tumor immune response. Immune checkpoint therapies act by blocking or stimulating these pathways and enhance the body's immunological activity against tumors. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) are the most widely studied and recognized inhibitory checkpoint pathways. Drugs blocking these pathways are currently utilized for a wide variety of malignancies and have demonstrated durable clinical activities in a subset of cancer patients. This approach is rapidly extending beyond CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1. New inhibitory pathways are under investigation, and drugs blocking LAG-3, TIM-3, TIGIT, VISTA, or B7/H3 are being investigated. Furthermore, agonists of stimulatory checkpoint pathways such as OX40, ICOS, GITR, 4-1BB, CD40, or molecules targeting tumor microenvironment components like IDO or TLR are under investigation. In this article, we have provided a comprehensive review of immune checkpoint pathways involved in cancer immunotherapy, and discuss their mechanisms and the therapeutic interventions currently under investigation in phase I/II clinical trials. We also reviewed the limitations, toxicities, and challenges and outline the possible future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhagirathbhai Dholaria
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Present Address: Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Aixa E Soyano
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Saranya Chumsri
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Yanyan Lou
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Smith CJ, Allard DE, Wang Y, Howard JF, Montgomery SA, Su MA. IL-10 Paradoxically Promotes Autoimmune Neuropathy through S1PR1-Dependent CD4 + T Cell Migration. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:1580-1592. [PMID: 29367208 PMCID: PMC5821539 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a debilitating condition caused by autoimmune demyelination of peripheral nerves. CIDP is associated with increased IL-10, a cytokine with well-described anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of IL-10 in CIDP is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that IL-10 paradoxically exacerbates autoimmunity against peripheral nerves. In IL-10-deficient mice, protection from neuropathy was associated with an accrual of highly activated CD4+ T cells in draining lymph nodes and absence of infiltrating immune cells in peripheral nerves. Accumulated CD4+ T cells in draining lymph nodes of IL-10-deficient mice expressed lower sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1pr1), a protein important in lymphocyte egress. Additionally, IL-10 stimulation in vitro induced S1pr1 expression in lymph node cells in a STAT3-dependent manner. Together, these results delineate a novel mechanism in which IL-10-induced STAT3 increases S1pr1 expression and CD4+ T cell migration to accelerate T cell-mediated destruction of peripheral nerves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Collin-Jamal Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Denise E Allard
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - James F Howard
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Maureen A Su
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
MSC-derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Immune Responses in Two Autoimmune Murine Models: Type 1 Diabetes and Uveoretinitis. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 8:1214-1225. [PMID: 28494937 PMCID: PMC5425726 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exert their therapeutic effects in several disease models. We previously demonstrated that MSCs suppress autoimmunity in models of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). Therefore, here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs using our established mouse models for autoimmune diseases affecting the pancreas and the eye: T1D and EAU. The data demonstrate that MSC-derived EVs effectively prevent the onset of disease in both T1D and EAU. In addition, the mixed lymphocyte reaction assay with MSC-derived EVs indicated that EVs inhibit activation of antigen-presenting cells and suppress development of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells. These results raise the possibility that MSC-derived EVs may be an alternative to cell therapy for autoimmune disease prevention. MSC-derived EVs prevent the onset of T1D and EAU MSC-derived EVs suppress Th1 and Th17 cell development MSC-derived EVs suppress activation of antigen-presenting cells and T cells
Collapse
|
21
|
M1-like macrophages change tumor blood vessels and microenvironment in murine melanoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191012. [PMID: 29320562 PMCID: PMC5761928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a significant role in at least two key processes underlying neoplastic progression: angiogenesis and immune surveillance. TAMs phenotypic changes play important role in tumor vessel abnormalization/ normalization. M2-like TAMs stimulate immunosuppression and formation of defective tumor blood vessels leading to tumor progression. In contrast M1-like TAMs trigger immune response and normalize irregular tumor vascular network which should sensitize cancer cells to chemo- and radiotherapy and lead to tumor growth regression. Here, we demonstrated that combination of endoglin-based DNA vaccine with interleukin 12 repolarizes TAMs from tumor growth-promoting M2-like phenotype to tumor growth-inhibiting M1-like phenotype. Combined therapy enhances tumor infiltration by CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes and NK cells. Depletion of TAMs as well as CD8+ lymphocytes and NK cells, but not CD4+ lymphocytes, reduces the effect of combined therapy. Furthermore, combined therapy improves tumor vessel maturation, perfusion and reduces hypoxia. It caused that suboptimal doses of doxorubicin reduced the growth of tumors in mice treated with combined therapy. To summarize, combination of antiangiogenic drug and immunostimulatory agent repolarizes TAMs phenotype from M2-like (pro-tumor) into M1-like (anti-tumor) which affects the structure of tumor blood vessels, improves the effect of chemotherapy and leads to tumor growth regression.
Collapse
|
22
|
Jaffee EM, Dang CV, Agus DB, Alexander BM, Anderson KC, Ashworth A, Barker AD, Bastani R, Bhatia S, Bluestone JA, Brawley O, Butte AJ, Coit DG, Davidson NE, Davis M, DePinho RA, Diasio RB, Draetta G, Frazier AL, Futreal A, Gambhir SS, Ganz PA, Garraway L, Gerson S, Gupta S, Heath J, Hoffman RI, Hudis C, Hughes-Halbert C, Ibrahim R, Jadvar H, Kavanagh B, Kittles R, Le QT, Lippman SM, Mankoff D, Mardis ER, Mayer DK, McMasters K, Meropol NJ, Mitchell B, Naredi P, Ornish D, Pawlik TM, Peppercorn J, Pomper MG, Raghavan D, Ritchie C, Schwarz SW, Sullivan R, Wahl R, Wolchok JD, Wong SL, Yung A. Future cancer research priorities in the USA: a Lancet Oncology Commission. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18:e653-e706. [PMID: 29208398 PMCID: PMC6178838 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We are in the midst of a technological revolution that is providing new insights into human biology and cancer. In this era of big data, we are amassing large amounts of information that is transforming how we approach cancer treatment and prevention. Enactment of the Cancer Moonshot within the 21st Century Cures Act in the USA arrived at a propitious moment in the advancement of knowledge, providing nearly US$2 billion of funding for cancer research and precision medicine. In 2016, the Blue Ribbon Panel (BRP) set out a roadmap of recommendations designed to exploit new advances in cancer diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Those recommendations provided a high-level view of how to accelerate the conversion of new scientific discoveries into effective treatments and prevention for cancer. The US National Cancer Institute is already implementing some of those recommendations. As experts in the priority areas identified by the BRP, we bolster those recommendations to implement this important scientific roadmap. In this Commission, we examine the BRP recommendations in greater detail and expand the discussion to include additional priority areas, including surgical oncology, radiation oncology, imaging, health systems and health disparities, regulation and financing, population science, and oncopolicy. We prioritise areas of research in the USA that we believe would accelerate efforts to benefit patients with cancer. Finally, we hope the recommendations in this report will facilitate new international collaborations to further enhance global efforts in cancer control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chi Van Dang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research New York, NY; Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - David B Agus
- University of Southern California, Beverly Hills, CA, USA
| | - Brian M Alexander
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Alan Ashworth
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Roshan Bastani
- Fielding School of Public Health and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sangeeta Bhatia
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Bluestone
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Atul J Butte
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy E Davidson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mark Davis
- California Institute for Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Giulio Draetta
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Lindsay Frazier
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Futreal
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Patricia A Ganz
- Fielding School of Public Health and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Levi Garraway
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Eli Lilly and Company, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Sumit Gupta
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Faculty of Medicine and IHPME, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - James Heath
- California Institute for Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ruth I Hoffman
- American Childhood Cancer Organization, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Cliff Hudis
- Breast Cancer Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chanita Hughes-Halbert
- Medical University of South Carolina and the Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ramy Ibrahim
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hossein Jadvar
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brian Kavanagh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Rick Kittles
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Scott M Lippman
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Mankoff
- Department of Radiology and Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elaine R Mardis
- The Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus, OH, USA; College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Deborah K Mayer
- University of North Carolina Lineberger Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kelly McMasters
- The Hiram C Polk Jr MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | | | - Peter Naredi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dean Ornish
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Martin G Pomper
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Derek Raghavan
- Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | - Sally W Schwarz
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Richard Wahl
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sandra L Wong
- Department of Surgery, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Alfred Yung
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Vahl JM, Friedrich J, Mittler S, Trump S, Heim L, Kachler K, Balabko L, Fuhrich N, Geppert CI, Trufa DI, Sopel N, Rieker R, Sirbu H, Finotto S. Interleukin-10-regulated tumour tolerance in non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1644-1655. [PMID: 29016555 PMCID: PMC5729436 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the most life-threatening cancer type worldwide. Treatment options include surgery, radio- and chemotherapy, as well as the use of immunomodulatory antibodies. Interleukin (IL)-10 is an immunosuppressive cytokine involved in tumour immune escape. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on human lung surgery tissue as well as human tumour cell line cultures, FACS analysis, real-time PCR and experimental lung cancer. RESULTS Here we discovered a positive correlation between IL-10 and IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) expression in the lung with tumour diameter in patients with lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer), the most life-threatening cancer type worldwide. IL-10 and IL-10R were found induced in cells surrounding the lung tumour cells, and IL-10R was mainly expressed on the surface of Foxp-3+ T-regulatory lymphocytes infiltrating the tumour of these patients where its expression inversely correlated with programmed cell death 1. These findings were confirmed in translational studies. In a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, IL-10R was found induced under metabolic restrictions present during tumour growth, whereby IL-10 inhibited PDL1 and tumour cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These new findings suggest that IL-10 counteracts IFN-γ effects on PD1/PDL1 pathway, resulting in possible resistance of the tumour to anti-PD1/PDL1 immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julius Malte Vahl
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Juliane Friedrich
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Susanne Mittler
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Sonja Trump
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Lisanne Heim
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Katerina Kachler
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Liubov Balabko
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Nicole Fuhrich
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraβe 8-10, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Carol-Immanuel Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraβe 8-10, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Denis Iulian Trufa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraβe 12, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Nina Sopel
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Ralf Rieker
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraβe 8-10, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Horia Sirbu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraβe 12, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Susetta Finotto
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tumor-derived factors affecting immune cells. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017; 36:79-87. [PMID: 28606733 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor progression is accompanied by the production of a wide array of immunosuppressive factors by tumor and non-tumor cells forming the tumor microenvironment. These factors belonging to cytokines, growth factors, metabolites, glycan-binding proteins and glycoproteins are responsible for the establishment of immunosuppressive networks leading towards tumor promotion, invasion and metastasis. In pre-clinical tumor models, the inactivation of some of these suppressive networks reprograms the phenotypic and functional features of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, ultimately favoring effective anti-tumor immune responses. We will discuss factors and mechanisms identified in both mouse and human tumors, and the possibility to associate drugs inhibiting these mechanisms with new immunotherapy strategies already entered in the clinical practice.
Collapse
|