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Sharma D, Pooja, Nirban S, Ojha S, Kumar T, Jain N, Mohamad N, Kumar P, Pandey M. Nano vs Resistant Tuberculosis: Taking the Lung Route. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:252. [PMID: 38049695 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is among the top 10 infectious diseases worldwide. It is categorized among the leading killer diseases that are the reason for the death of millions of people globally. Although a standardized treatment regimen is available, non-adherence to treatment has increased multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensive drug-resistant (XDR) TB development. Another challenge is targeting the death of TB reservoirs in the alveoli via conventional treatment. TB Drug resistance may emerge as a futuristic restraint of TB with the scarcity of effective Anti-tubercular drugs. The paradigm change towards nano-targeted drug delivery systems is mostly due to the absence of effective therapy and increased TB infection recurrent episodes with MDR. The emerging field of nanotechnology gave an admirable opportunity to combat MDR and XDR via accurate diagnosis with effective treatment. The new strategies targeting the lung via the pulmonary route may overcome the new incidence of MDR and enhance patient compliance. Therefore, this review highlights the importance and recent research on pulmonary drug delivery with nanotechnology along with prevalence, the need for the development of nanotechnology, beneficial aspects of nanomedicine, safety concerns of nanocarriers, and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Pooja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Sunita Nirban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Smriti Ojha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India
| | - Tarun Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Neha Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Najwa Mohamad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Manisha Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India.
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Mutalik SP, Gaikwad SY, Fernandes G, More A, Kulkarni S, Fayaz SMA, Tupally K, Parekh HS, Kulkarni S, Mukherjee A, Mutalik S. Anti-CD4 antibody and dendrimeric peptide based targeted nano-liposomal dual drug formulation for the treatment of HIV infection. Life Sci 2023; 334:122226. [PMID: 37918627 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Development and characterization of LAM and DTG loaded liposomes conjugated anti-CD4 antibody and peptide dendrimer (PD2) to improve the therapeutic efficacy and to achieve targeted treatment for HIV infection. MAIN METHODS A 2-level full factorial design was used to optimize the preparation of dual drug loaded liposomes. Optimized dual drug loaded ligand conjugated liposomes were assessed for their cytotoxicity and cell internalization on TZM-bl cells. Anti-HIV efficiency of the dual drug loaded liposomes were screened for their inhibitory potential in TZM-bl cells and the activities were confirmed using Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs). KEY FINDINGS The particle size of the optimized dual drug-loaded liposomes was 133.7 ± 4.04 nm, and the spherical morphology of the liposomes was confirmed by TEM analysis. The entrapment efficiency was 34 ± 4.9 % and 54 ± 1.8 % for LAM and DTG, respectively, and a slower in vitro release of LAM and DTG was observed when entrapped into liposomes. The cytotoxicity of the dual drug loaded liposomes was similar to the cytotoxicity of free drug solutions. Conjugation of anti-CD4 antibody and PD2 did not significantly influence the cytotoxicity but it enhanced the uptake of liposomes into the cells. Conjugated dual drug loaded liposomes exhibited better HIV inhibition with lower IC50 values (0.0003 ± 0.0002 μg/mL) compared to their free drug solutions (0.002 ± 0.001 μg/mL). The liposomal formulations have shown similar activities in both screening and confirmatory cell-based assays. SIGNIFICANCE The results demonstrated the cell targeting ability of dual drug loaded liposomes conjugated with anti-CD4 antibody and peptide dendrimer. Conjugated liposomes also improved anti-HIV efficiency of LAM and DTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana P Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shraddha Y Gaikwad
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Pune 411026, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gasper Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini More
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Pune 411026, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shaik Mohammad Abdul Fayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Karnaker Tupally
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Harendra S Parekh
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Smita Kulkarni
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Pune 411026, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Anupam Mukherjee
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Pune 411026, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Ramachandran S, Prakash P, Mohtar N, Kumar KS, Parumasivam T. Review of inhalable nanoparticles for the pulmonary delivery of anti-tuberculosis drugs. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:978-991. [PMID: 37937865 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2279691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease caused by the pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which predominantly affects the lungs. World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that about 85% of TB patients are cured with the existing 6-month antibiotic regimen. However, the lengthy oral administration of high-dose anti-TB drugs is associated with significant side effects and leads to drug resistance cases. Alternatively, reformulating existing anti-tubercular drugs into inhalable nanoparticulate systems is a promising strategy to overcome the challenges associated with oral treatment as they could enhance drug retention in the pulmonary region to achieve an optimal drug concentration in the infected lungs. Hence, this review provides an overview of the literature on inhalable nano-formulations for the delivery of anti-TB drugs, including their formulation techniques and preclinical evaluations between the years 2000 and 2020, gathered from electronic journals via online search engines such as Google Scholar and PubMed. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies highlighted that the nano-size, low toxicity, and high efficacy were among the factors influencing the fate of nanoparticulate system upon deposition in the lungs. Although many preclinical studies have shown that inhalable nanoparticles increased therapeutic efficacy and minimised adverse drug reactions when delivered through the pulmonary route, none of them has progressed into clinical trials to date. This could be attributed to the high cost of inhaled regimes due to the expensive production and characterisation of the nanoparticles as well as the need for an inhalation device as compared to the oral treatment. Another barrier could be the lack of medical acceptance due to insufficient number of trained staff to educate the patients on the correct usage of the inhalation device. Hence, these barriers should be addressed satisfactorily to make the inhaled nanoparticles regimen a reality for the treatment of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Ramachandran
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Priyanka Prakash
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Noratiqah Mohtar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - K Sudesh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Thaigarajan Parumasivam
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Zoe LH, David SR, Rajabalaya R. Chitosan nanoparticle toxicity: A comprehensive literature review of in vivo and in vitro assessments for medical applications. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:83-106. [PMID: 38187113 PMCID: PMC10767636 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Topic definition This literature review aims to update the current knowledge on toxicity of chitosan nanoparticles, compare the recent findings and identify the gaps with knowledge that is present for the chitosan nanoparticles. Methods The publications between 2010 and 2020 were searched in Science Direct, Pubmed.gov, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and ClinicalTrials.gov, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 30 primary research studies were obtained from the literature review to compare the in vitro in vivo toxicity profiles among the chitosan nanoparticles. Major highlights Chitosan nanoparticles and other types of nanoparticles show cytotoxic effects on cancer cells while having minimal toxicity on normal cells. This apparent effect poses some considerations for use in incorporating cancer therapeutics into chitosan nanoparticles as an administration form. The concentration, duration of exposure, and pH of the solution can influence nanoparticle cytotoxicity, particularly in zebrafish. Different cell lines exhibit varying degrees of toxicity when exposed to nanoparticles, and of note are liver cells that show toxicity under exposure as indicated by increased alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. Aside from ALT, platelet aggregation can be considered a toxicity induced by chitosan nanoparticles. In addition, zebrafish cells experience the most toxicity, including organ damage, neurobehavioral impairment, and developmental abnormalities, when exposed to nanoparticles. However, nanoparticles may exhibit different toxicity profiles in different organisms, with brain toxicity and liver toxicity being present in zebrafish but not rats. Different organs exhibit varying degrees of toxicity, with the eye and mouth apparently having the lowest toxicity, while the brain, intestine, muscles and lung showing mixed results. Cardiotoxicity induced by chitosan nanoparticles was not observed in zebrafish embryos, and nanoparticles may reduce cardiotoxicity when delivering drug. Toxicity found in an organ may not necessarily mean that it is toxic towards all the cells found in that organ, as muscle toxicity was present when tested in zebrafish but not in C2C12 myoblast cells. Some of the studies conducted may have limitations that need to be reconsidered to account for differing results, with some examples being two experiments done on HeLa cells where one study concluded chitosan nanoparticles were toxic to the cells while the other seems to have no toxicity present. With regards to LD50, one study has stated the concentration of 64.21 mg/ml was found. Finally, smaller nanoparticles generally exhibit higher toxicity in cells compared to larger nanoparticles. Scope for future work This literature review did not uncover any published clinical trials with available results. Subsequent research endeavors should prioritize conducting clinical trials involving human volunteers to directly assess toxicity, rather than relying on cell or animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liaw Hui Zoe
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, BE1410 Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Sheba R. David
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Rajan Rajabalaya
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, BE1410 Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
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Shrestha R, Thenissery A, Khupse R, Rajashekara G. Strategies for the Preparation of Chitosan Derivatives for Antimicrobial, Drug Delivery, and Agricultural Applications: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:7659. [PMID: 38005381 PMCID: PMC10674490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan has received much attention for its role in designing and developing novel derivatives as well as its applications across a broad spectrum of biological and physiological activities, owing to its desirable characteristics such as being biodegradable, being a biopolymer, and its overall eco-friendliness. The main objective of this review is to explore the recent chemical modifications of chitosan that have been achieved through various synthetic methods. These chitosan derivatives are categorized based on their synthetic pathways or the presence of common functional groups, which include alkylated, acylated, Schiff base, quaternary ammonia, guanidine, and heterocyclic rings. We have also described the recent applications of chitosan and its derivatives, along with nanomaterials, their mechanisms, and prospective challenges, especially in areas such as antimicrobial activities, targeted drug delivery for various diseases, and plant agricultural domains. The accumulation of these recent findings has the potential to offer insight not only into innovative approaches for the preparation of chitosan derivatives but also into their diverse applications. These insights may spark novel ideas for drug development or drug carriers, particularly in the antimicrobial, medicinal, and plant agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Shrestha
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
| | - Anusree Thenissery
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
| | - Rahul Khupse
- College of Pharmacy, University of Findlay, Findlay, OH 45840, USA;
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
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Zacaron TM, Silva MLSE, Costa MP, Silva DME, Silva AC, Apolônio ACM, Fabri RL, Pittella F, Rocha HVA, Tavares GD. Advancements in Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3849. [PMID: 37765701 PMCID: PMC10536410 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of respiratory diseases represents a considerable public health challenge, as they are among the leading causes of death worldwide. In this sense, in addition to the high prevalence of diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, and lung cancer, emerging respiratory diseases, particularly those caused by members of the coronavirus family, have contributed to a significant number of deaths on a global scale over the last two decades. Therefore, several studies have been conducted to optimize the efficacy of treatments against these diseases, focusing on pulmonary drug delivery using nanomedicine. Thus, the development of nanocarriers has emerged as a promising alternative to overcome the limitations of conventional therapy, by increasing drug bioavailability at the target site and reducing unwanted side effects. In this context, nanoparticles composed of chitosan (CS) show advantages over other nanocarriers because chitosan possesses intrinsic biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and mucoadhesive capacity. Moreover, CS nanoparticles have the potential to enhance drug stability, prolong the duration of action, improve drug targeting, control drug release, optimize dissolution of poorly soluble drugs, and increase cell membrane permeability of hydrophobic drugs. These properties could optimize the performance of the drug after its pulmonary administration. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the potential of chitosan nanoparticles for pulmonary drug delivery, highlighting how their biological properties can improve the treatment of pulmonary diseases, including their synergistic action with the encapsulated drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Medeiros Zacaron
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (T.M.Z.); (M.P.C.); (D.M.e.S.); (A.C.S.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | | | - Mirsiane Pascoal Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (T.M.Z.); (M.P.C.); (D.M.e.S.); (A.C.S.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Dominique Mesquita e Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (T.M.Z.); (M.P.C.); (D.M.e.S.); (A.C.S.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Allana Carvalho Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (T.M.Z.); (M.P.C.); (D.M.e.S.); (A.C.S.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Ana Carolina Morais Apolônio
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Rodrigo Luiz Fabri
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (T.M.Z.); (M.P.C.); (D.M.e.S.); (A.C.S.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Frederico Pittella
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (T.M.Z.); (M.P.C.); (D.M.e.S.); (A.C.S.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Helvécio Vinícius Antunes Rocha
- Laboratory of Micro and Nanotechnology—Farmanguinhos, FIOCRUZ—Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Guilherme Diniz Tavares
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (T.M.Z.); (M.P.C.); (D.M.e.S.); (A.C.S.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
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Jalal RR, Ways TMM, Abu Elella MH, Hassan DA, Khutoryanskiy VV. Preparation of mucoadhesive methacrylated chitosan nanoparticles for delivery of ciprofloxacin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124980. [PMID: 37236558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mucoadhesive polymers and their nanoparticles have attracted a lot of attention in pharmaceutical applications, especially transmucosal drug delivery (TDD). Mucoadhesive polysaccharide-based nanoparticles, particularly chitosan, and its derivatives, are widely used for TDD owing to their outstanding features such as biocompatibility, mucoadhesive, and absorption-enhancing properties. Herein, this study aimed to design potential mucoadhesive nanoparticles for the delivery of ciprofloxacin based on methacrylated chitosan (MeCHI) using the ionic gelation method in the presence of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and compared them with the unmodified chitosan nanoparticles. In this study, different experimental conditions including the polymer to TPP mass ratios, NaCl, and TPP concentration were changed to achieve unmodified and MeCHI nanoparticles with the smallest particle size and lowest polydispersity index. At 4:1 polymer /TPP mass ratio, both chitosan and MeCHI nanoparticles had the smallest size (133 ± 5 nm and 206 ± 9 nm, respectively). MeCHI nanoparticles were generally larger and slightly more polydisperse than the unmodified chitosan nanoparticles. Ciprofloxacin-loaded MeCHI nanoparticles had the highest encapsulation efficiency (69 ± 13 %) at 4:1 MeCHI /TPP mass ratio and 0.5 mg/mL TPP, but similar encapsulation efficiency to that of their chitosan counterpart at 1 mg/mL TPP. They also provided a more sustained and slower drug release compared to their chitosan counterpart. Additionally, the mucoadhesion (retention) study on sheep abomasum mucosa showed that ciprofloxacin-loaded MeCHI nanoparticles with optimized TPP concentration had better retention than the unmodified chitosan counterpart. The percentage of the remained ciprofloxacin-loaded MeCHI and chitosan nanoparticles on the mucosal surface was 96 % and 88 %, respectively. Therefore, MeCHI nanoparticles have an excellent potential for applications in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renas Rzgar Jalal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Twana Mohammed M Ways
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Mahmoud H Abu Elella
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Diyar Ahmed Hassan
- Pioneer Co. for Pharmaceutical Industries, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
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Ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded Albumin Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: Preparation, Optimization, and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity. J Pharm Innov 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-023-09709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Usharani N, Kanth SV, Saravanan N. Current nanotechnological strategies using lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and metal conjugates-based carrier systems for diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:262-272. [PMID: 36521715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a fatal disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with highest morbidity and mortality every year. The evolution of anti-TB drugs is promising in controlling and treating TB. Yet, the drug response varies depending on the bacterial load and host immunological profiles. The prolonged anti-TB treatment regimen and high pill burden leads to poor adherence to treatment and acquired drug resistance. In the clinical arena, sustainable nanotechnology improves the targeted strategies leading to enhance therapeutic recovery with minimum treatment duration and virtuous drug adherence. Determinants of nanosystems are the size, nature, formulation techniques, stable dosing patterns, bioavailability and toxicity. In the treatment of chronic illness, nanomedicines inclusive of biological macromolecules such as lipids, peptides, and nucleic acids occur to be a successive alternative to synthetic carriers. Most biological nanomaterials possess antimicrobial properties with other intrinsic characteristics. Recently, the pulmonary delivery of anti-TB drugs through polymeric nanocarrier systems is shown to be effective in achieving optimal drug levels in lungs for longer duration, enhanced tissue permeation and sustained systemic clearance. This thematic review provides a holistic insight into the nanodelivery systems pertinent to the therapeutic applications in pulmonary tuberculosis describing the choice of carriers, optimized process, metabolic action and excretion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Usharani
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Swarna Vinodh Kanth
- Centre for Human and Organizational Resources Development, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Natarajan Saravanan
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.
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10
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Balde A, Kim SK, Benjakul S, Nazeer RA. Pulmonary drug delivery applications of natural polysaccharide polymer derived nano/micro-carrier systems: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:1464-1479. [PMID: 36116588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory distress syndrome and pneumothorax are the foremost causes of death as a result of the changing lifestyle and increasing air pollution. Numerous approaches have been studied for the pulmonary delivery of drugs, proteins as well as peptides using meso/nanoparticles, nanocrystals, and liposomes. These nano/microcarrier systems (NMCs) loaded with drug provide better systemic as well as local action. Furthermore, natural polysaccharide-based polymers such as chitosan (CS), alginate (AG), hyaluronic acid, dextran, and cellulose are highly used for the preparation of nanoparticles and delivery of the drug into the pulmonary tract due to their advantageous properties such as low toxicity, high hydrophobicity, supplementary mucociliary clearance, mucoadhesivity, and biological efficacy. These properties ease the delivery of drugs onto the targeted site. Herein, recent advances in the natural polymer-derived NMCs have been reviewed for their transport and mechanism of action into the bronchiolar region as well as the respiratory region. Various physicochemical properties such as surface charge, size of nanocarrier system, surface modifications, and toxicological effects of these nanocarriers in vitro and in vivo are elucidated as well. Furthermore, challenges faced for the preparation of a model NMCs for pulmonary drug delivery are also discoursed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshad Balde
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 11558, South Korea
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkhla University, 90112 Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Rasool Abdul Nazeer
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamilnadu, India.
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Dudhat K, Patel H. Preparation and evaluation of pirfenidone loaded chitosan nanoparticles pulmonary delivery for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and fatal disorder caused by abnormal extracellular matrix deposition, which results in increasing dyspnea and loss of pulmonary function. Pirfenidone (PFD) has antifibrotic properties that have been approved by the US FDA for the treatment of IPF. Pirfenidone is currently delivered orally, which has drawbacks like reduced bioavailability in the presence of food, gastrointestinal (dyspepsia and anorexia), and dermatological (photosensitivity) side-effects, large amount of dose, and elimination half-life of 2.4 h. This study aimed was to prepare inhalable powders containing PFD-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for sustained delivery of the drug to the lung.
Result
The quasi-solvent diffusion method was used with optimized 100 mg PFD and 100 mg chitosan (CS). An in-vitro drug release research found that increasing the amount of chitosan reduced the rate of drug release from nanoparticles. Entrapment of PFD into chitosan nanoparticles decreased with the increased concentration of stabilizer concentration. All batches produced nanoparticles with a spherical morphology confirmed by SEM and sizes ranging from 239.3 ± 1.8 to 928.7 ± 4.6 nm. The optimized nanoparticles exhibited a mean particle size of 467.33 ± 7.8 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.127 ± 0.022, zeta potential of + 34.8 ± 1.6 mV, % entrapment efficiency (39.45 ± 4.63%), % drug release after 12 h (94.78 ± 2.88%), and in-vitro deposition (81.49%). Results showed that the obtained powders had different aerosolization properties. The particle size of nanoparticles reduced, and the process yield, extra-fine particle fraction, geometric standard diameter, and fine particle fraction increased significantly. Stability study showed, there are no aggregation observed and stable for six month study.
Conclusion
Prepared pirfenidone-loaded chitosan nanoparticles can be result of 6 months of stability studies that give details that there was no significant aggregation of PFD-loaded CS NPs and the spherical shape particle with smooth surface as per SEM studies. Hence, PFD-loaded CS NPs can be a suitable alternative to the currently available therapy.
Graphical abstract
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12
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Motawea A, Abd El Hady WE, Ahmed El-Emam G. The protective impact of adapted trimebutine maleate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for alleviating the severity of acute colitis. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:906-924. [PMID: 35297699 PMCID: PMC8933020 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2050847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles for colon-drug delivery were designed and evaluated to solve many discrepancy issues such as high adverse effects of released drugs, insufficient drug amount at diseased areas, and unintentionally premature drug release to noninflamed GIT regions. Herein, the goal of this work was to convert trimebutine maleate (TMB) into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in order to improve its protective effects in ulcerative colitis. NLC of TMB was prepared by the hot homogenization followed by ultra-sonication method. A full 42-factorial design was used to estimate the produced TMB-NLC. The study design included the exploration of the impact of two independent variables namely lipid mix amount and ratio (glyceryl mono stearate and capryol 90), surfactant concentration (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%), on the particle size, polydispersity index, and the entrapment efficiency (EE%). The protective activity of F9 was examined through macroscopical scores, histopathological changes, immunohistochemical localization of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and examination of oxidative stress such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Consistent with our expectations, the orally administered optimized formula (F9) alleviated the severity of colitis in acetic acid-induced rat model of colitis likely owing to the controlled release compared to free TMB. We aimed to develop TMB-loaded NLC for the treatment of acute colitis with the goal of providing a superior drug safety profile over long-term remission and maintenance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Motawea
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Ghada Ahmed El-Emam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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13
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Valente SA, Silva LM, Lopes GR, Sarmento B, Coimbra MA, Passos CP. Polysaccharide-based formulations as potential carriers for pulmonary delivery - A review of their properties and fates. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118784. [PMID: 34893219 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides can be elite carriers for therapeutic molecules due to their versatility and low probability to trigger toxicity and immunogenic responses. Local and systemic therapies can be achieved through particle pulmonary delivery, a promising non-invasive alternative. Successful pulmonary delivery requires particles with appropriate flowability to reach alveoli and avoid premature clearance mechanisms. Polysaccharides can form micro-, nano-in-micro-, and large porous particles, aerogels, and hydrogels. Herein, the characteristics of polysaccharides used in drug formulations for pulmonary delivery are reviewed, providing insights into structure-function relationships. Charged polysaccharides can confer mucoadhesion, whereas the ability for specific sugar recognition may confer targeting capacity for alveolar macrophages. The method of particle preparation must be chosen considering the properties of the components and the delivery device to be utilized. The fate of polysaccharide-based carriers is dependent on enzyme-triggered hydrolytic and/or oxidative mechanisms, allowing their complete degradation and elimination through urine or reutilization of released monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Valente
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lisete M Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Guido R Lopes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering Instituto, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; i3S - Institute for Research & Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; CESPU - Institute for Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia P Passos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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14
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Chaudhary KR, Puri V, Singh A, Singh C. A review on recent advances in nanomedicines for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Sarkar K, Kumar M, Jha A, Bharti K, Das M, Mishra B. Nanocarriers for tuberculosis therapy: Design of safe and effective drug delivery strategies to overcome the therapeutic challenges. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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El-Emam GA, Girgis GNS, Hamed MF, El-Azeem Soliman OA, Abd El Gawad AEGH. Formulation and Pathohistological Study of Mizolastine-Solid Lipid Nanoparticles-Loaded Ocular Hydrogels. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:7775-7799. [PMID: 34853513 PMCID: PMC8627895 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s335482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mizolastine (MZL) is a dual-action nonsedating topical antihistamine anti-inflammatory agent that is used to relieve allergic conditions, such as rhinitis and conjunctivitis. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are advanced delivery system in ophthalmology, with the merits of increasing the corneal drug absorption and hence improved bioavailability with the objective of ocular drug targeting. Methods First, MZL was formulated as MZL-SLNs by hot homogenization/ultrasonication adopting a 32 full factorial design. Solid-state characterization, in vitro release, and stability studies have been performed. Then, the optimized MZL-SLNs formula has been incorporated into ocular hydrogels using 1.5% w/v Na alginate and 5% w/v polyvinylpyrrolidone K90. The gels were evaluated via in vitro release as well as in vivo studies by applying allergic conjunctivitis congestion in a rabbit-eye model. Results The optimized formula (F4) was characterized by the highest entrapment efficiency (86.5±1.47%), the smallest mean particle size (202.3±13.59 nm), and reasonable zeta potential (−22.03±3.65 mV). Solid-state characterization of the encapsulation of MZL in SLNs was undertaken. In vitro results showed a sustained release profile from MZL-SLNs up to 30 hours with a non-Fickian Higuchi kinetic model. Stability studies confirmed immutability of freeze-dried MZL-SLNs (F4) upon storage for 6 months. Finally, hydrogel formulations containing MZL-SLNs, proved ocular congestion disappearance with completely repaired conjunctiva after 24 hours. Moreover, pretreatment with MZL-SLNs–loaded hydrogel imparted markedly decreased TNF-α and VEGF-expression levels in rabbits conjunctivae compared with post-treatment with the same formula. Conclusion MZL-SLNs could be considered a promising stable sustained-release nanoparticulate system for preparing ocular hydrogel as effective antiallergy ocular delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Ahmed El-Emam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Germeen N S Girgis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Fawzy Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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17
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Mukhtar M, Fényes E, Bartos C, Zeeshan M, Ambrus R. Chitosan biopolymer, its derivatives and potential applications in nano-therapeutics: A comprehensive review. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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18
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Pramanik S, Mohanto S, Manne R, Rajendran RR, Deepak A, Edapully SJ, Patil T, Katari O. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery System: The Magic Bullet for the Treatment of Chronic Pulmonary Diseases. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3671-3718. [PMID: 34491754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary diseases encompass different persistent and lethal diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), cystic fibrosis (CF), asthma, and lung cancers that affect millions of people globally. Traditional pharmacotherapeutic treatment approaches (i.e., bronchodilators, corticosteroids, chemotherapeutics, peptide-based agents, etc.) are not satisfactory to cure or impede diseases. With the advent of nanotechnology, drug delivery to an intended site is still difficult, but the nanoparticle's physicochemical properties can accomplish targeted therapeutic delivery. Based on their surface, size, density, and physical-chemical properties, nanoparticles have demonstrated enhanced pharmacokinetics of actives, achieving the spotlight in the drug delivery research field. In this review, the authors have highlighted different nanoparticle-based therapeutic delivery approaches to treat chronic pulmonary diseases along with the preparation techniques. The authors have remarked the nanosuspension delivery via nebulization and dry powder carrier is further effective in the lung delivery system since the particles released from these systems are innumerable to composite nanoparticles. The authors have also outlined the inhaled particle's toxicity, patented nanoparticle-based pulmonary formulations, and commercial pulmonary drug delivery devices (PDD) in other sections. Recently advanced formulations employing nanoparticles as therapeutic carriers for the efficient treatment of chronic pulmonary diseases are also canvassed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy Jalpaiguri, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Road, Hospital Para, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal 735101, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Pharmacy Institute, Majhitar, East Sikkim 737176, India.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Ravi Manne
- Quality Control and Assurance Department, Chemtex Environmental Lab, 3082 25th Street, Port Arthur, Texas 77642, United States
| | - Rahul R Rajendran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, 19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - A Deepak
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600128, India
| | - Sijo Joy Edapully
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, NIT campus, Kozhikode, Kerala 673601, India.,Corporate Head Office, HLL Lifecare Limited, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695012, India
| | - Triveni Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Oly Katari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
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19
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Rath G, Pradhan D, Ghosh G, Goyal AK. Challenges and Opportunities of Nanotechnological based Approach for the Treatment of Tuberculosis. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2026-2040. [PMID: 33634753 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210226121359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, because of its unique biochemical behavior and a complex host relationship, successfully evades the host immune system. Therefore, chemotherapy appears to be the first-line option for patients with tuberculosis. However, poor patient compliance with anti-tubercular treatment and variability in anti-tubercular drug pharmacokinetics are among the major driving factors for the emergence of drug resistance. The rising cases of extrapulmonary TB, cross-resistance patterns, high prevalence of tuberculosis and HIV co-infections make tuberculosis treatment more complicated than conventional multidrug therapy. Due to their distinct advantages like higher solubility, increased payload, controlled release profiles, tissue-specific accumulation, and lack of toxicity, nanoscale materials have immense potential for drug delivery applications. An appropriate selection of polymer and careful particle engineering further improves therapeutic outcomes with opportunities to overcome conventional anti-tubercular drugs' challenges. The present review introduces the prospect of using nanotechnology in tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy and provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in nanocarriers implied for delivering anti-tubercular drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Rath
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Deepak Pradhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Amit K Goyal
- Department of Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India
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20
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Nabi B, Rehman S, Aggarwal S, Baboota S, Ali J. Nano-based anti-tubercular drug delivery: an emerging paradigm for improved therapeutic intervention. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 10:1111-1121. [PMID: 32418158 PMCID: PMC7229880 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) classified as one of the most fatal contagious diseases is of prime concern globally. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent that ingresses within the host cells. The approved conventional regimen, though the only viable option available, is unfavorably impacting the quality of life of the affected individual. Despite newer antibiotics gaining light, there is an unending demand for more therapeutic alternatives. Therefore, substantial continuous endeavors are been undertaken to come up with novel strategies to curb the disease, the stepping stone being nanotechnology. This approach is instrumental in overcoming the anomalies associated with conventional therapy owing to their intriguing attributes and leads to optimization of the therapeutic effect to a certain extent. This review focusses on the different types of nanocarrier systems that are being currently explored by the researchers for the delivery of anti-tubercular drugs, the outcomes achieved by them, and their prospects. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Nabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Saleha Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sumit Aggarwal
- Division of ECD, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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21
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Spoială A, Ilie CI, Ficai D, Ficai A, Andronescu E. Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite Polymeric Membranes for Water Purification-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2091. [PMID: 33919022 PMCID: PMC8122305 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
During the past few years, researchers have focused their attention on developing innovative nanocomposite polymeric membranes with applications in water purification. Natural and synthetic polymers were considered, and it was proven that chitosan-based materials presented important features. This review presents an overview regarding diverse materials used in developing innovative chitosan-based nanocomposite polymeric membranes for water purification. The first part of the review presents a detailed introduction about chitosan, highlighting the fact that is a biocompatible, biodegradable, low-cost, nontoxic biopolymer, having unique structure and interesting properties, and also antibacterial and antioxidant activities, reasons for using it in water treatment applications. To use chitosan-based materials for developing nanocomposite polymeric membranes for wastewater purification applications must enhance their performance by using different materials. In the second part of the review, the performance's features will be presented as a consequence of adding different nanoparticles, also showing the effect that those nanoparticles could bring on other polymeric membranes. Among these features, pollutant's retention and enhancing thermo-mechanical properties will be mentioned. The focus of the third section of the review will illustrate chitosan-based nanocomposite as polymeric membranes for water purification. Over the last few years, researchers have demonstrated that adsorbent nanocomposite polymeric membranes are powerful, important, and potential instruments in separation or removal of pollutants, such as heavy metals, dyes, and other toxic compounds presented in water systems. Lastly, we conclude this review with a summary of the most important applications of chitosan-based nanocomposite polymeric membranes and their perspectives in water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Spoială
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (C.-I.I.); (E.A.)
| | - Cornelia-Ioana Ilie
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (C.-I.I.); (E.A.)
| | - Denisa Ficai
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 050054 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Centre for Micro and Nanomaterials and National Centre for Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Ficai
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (C.-I.I.); (E.A.)
- National Centre for Micro and Nanomaterials and National Centre for Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (C.-I.I.); (E.A.)
- National Centre for Micro and Nanomaterials and National Centre for Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
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22
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Motiei M, Pleno de Gouveia L, Šopík T, Vícha R, Škoda D, Císař J, Khalili R, Domincová Bergerová E, Münster L, Fei H, Sedlařík V, Sáha P. Nanoparticle-Based Rifampicin Delivery System Development. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072067. [PMID: 33916814 PMCID: PMC8038351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The alkaline milieu of chronic wounds severely impairs the therapeutic effect of antibiotics, such as rifampicin; as such, the development of new drugs, or the smart delivery of existing drugs, is required. Herein, two innovative polyelectrolyte nanoparticles (PENs), composed of an amphiphilic chitosan core and a polycationic shell, were synthesized at alkaline pH, and in vitro performances were assessed by 1H NMR, elemental analysis, FT-IR, XRD, DSC, DLS, SEM, TEM, UV/Vis spectrophotometry, and HPLC. According to the results, the nanostructures exhibited different morphologies but similar physicochemical properties and release profiles. It was also hypothesized that the simultaneous use of the nanosystem and an antioxidant could be therapeutically beneficial. Therefore, the simultaneous effects of ascorbic acid and PENs were evaluated on the release profile and degradation of rifampicin, in which the results confirmed their synergistic protective effect at pH 8.5, as opposed to pH 7.4. Overall, this study highlighted the benefits of nanoparticulate development in the presence of antioxidants, at alkaline pH, as an efficient approach for decreasing rifampicin degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Motiei
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luis Pleno de Gouveia
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 169-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Tomáš Šopík
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Robert Vícha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, TBU, Vavrečkova 275, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic;
| | - David Škoda
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Jaroslav Císař
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Reza Khalili
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 12808 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
| | - Eva Domincová Bergerová
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Lukáš Münster
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Haojie Fei
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Vladimír Sedlařík
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Petr Sáha
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, TBU, tr. Tomase Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic; (T.Š.); (D.Š.); (J.C.); (E.D.B.); (L.M.); (H.F.); (V.S.); (P.S.)
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23
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Huang Z, Kłodzińska SN, Wan F, Nielsen HM. Nanoparticle-mediated pulmonary drug delivery: state of the art towards efficient treatment of recalcitrant respiratory tract bacterial infections. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:1634-1654. [PMID: 33694082 PMCID: PMC7945609 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recalcitrant respiratory tract infections caused by bacteria have emerged as one of the greatest health challenges worldwide. Aerosolized antimicrobial therapy is becoming increasingly attractive to combat such infections, as it allows targeted delivery of high drug concentrations to the infected organ while limiting systemic exposure. However, successful aerosolized antimicrobial therapy is still challenged by the diverse biological barriers in infected lungs. Nanoparticle-mediated pulmonary drug delivery is gaining increasing attention as a means to overcome the biological barriers and accomplish site-specific drug delivery by controlling release of the loaded drug(s) at the target site. With the aim to summarize emerging efforts in combating respiratory tract infections by using nanoparticle-mediated pulmonary delivery strategies, this review provides a brief introduction to the bacterial infection-related pulmonary diseases and the biological barriers for effective treatment of recalcitrant respiratory tract infections. This is followed by a summary of recent advances in design of inhalable nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems that overcome the biological barriers and increase drug bioavailability. Finally, challenges for the translation from exploratory laboratory research to clinical application are also discussed and potential solutions proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sylvia Natalie Kłodzińska
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Feng Wan
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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Bhat SS, Mukherjee D, Sukharamwala P, Dehuri R, Murali A, Teja BV. Thiolated polymer nanocarrier reinforced with glycyrrhetinic acid for targeted delivery of 5-fluorouracil in hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:2252-2269. [PMID: 33432520 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present work investigates the targeting efficacy of a novel thiolated polymer-based nanocomposite reinforced with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and loaded with 5-fluorouracil in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The thiolated polymers were synthesized by EDAC-mediated conjugation reactions and lyophilization. The nanoparticles were prepared by solvent diffusion and high-pressure homogenization method. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) radiation, x-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. Pharmacological evaluation of the formulation was carried out on a rat model of diethylnitrosamine (DEN), and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced HCC and MTT assay was carried out with HEP-G2 cell line. In silico studies were conducted to investigate the probable mechanistic pathway of the nanocomposite. FTIR and XRD analysis indicated the successful thiolation of the polymers and confirmed the formation of the nanocomposite without any incompatibilities. DLS, SEM/EDX and AFM characterization confirmed that the nanoparticles were within the nano-size range. MTT assay implied the cytotoxic nature of the nanocomposite against hepatic carcinoma cells. The in vivo study revealed that serum SGOT, SGPT, ALP, GGT and total bilirubin levels were significantly reduced, in comparison with disease control and the result was confirmed by histopathology studies. The results of the HPLC analysis of liver homogenate confirmed the liver targeting ability of the nanocomposite. In silico studies exhibited significant binding affinity of GA and thiolated Eudragit towards liver homolog receptor-1 (LRH-1) suggesting that the developed nanocomposite could be a potential material for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Dhrubojyoti Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutics, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India.
| | - Pinal Sukharamwala
- Department of Pharmaceutics, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Rachita Dehuri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anita Murali
- Department of Pharmacology, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Banala Venkatesh Teja
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, Lucknow, India
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Jhaveri J, Raichura Z, Khan T, Momin M, Omri A. Chitosan Nanoparticles-Insight into Properties, Functionalization and Applications in Drug Delivery and Theranostics. Molecules 2021; 26:E272. [PMID: 33430478 PMCID: PMC7827344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based development of drug delivery systems is an attractive area of research in formulation driven R&D laboratories that makes administration of new and complex drugs feasible. It plays a significant role in the design of novel dosage forms by attributing target specific drug delivery, controlled drug release, improved, patient friendly drug regimen and lower side effects. Polysaccharides, especially chitosan, occupy an important place and are widely used in nano drug delivery systems owing to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review focuses on chitosan nanoparticles and envisages to provide an insight into the chemistry, properties, drug release mechanisms, preparation techniques and the vast evolving landscape of diverse applications across disease categories leading to development of better therapeutics and superior clinical outcomes. It summarizes recent advancement in the development and utility of functionalized chitosan in anticancer therapeutics, cancer immunotherapy, theranostics and multistage delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhanvi Jhaveri
- SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India; (J.J.); (Z.R.)
| | - Zarna Raichura
- SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India; (J.J.); (Z.R.)
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Munira Momin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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Khosravi A, Baharifar H, Darvishi MH, Karimi Zarchi AA. Investigation of chitosan-g-PEG grafted nanoparticles as a half-life enhancer carrier for tissue plasminogen activator delivery. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 14:899-907. [PMID: 33399124 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) a thrombolytic agent is commonly used for digesting the blood clot. tPA half-life is low (4-6 min) and its administration needs a prolonged continuous infusion. Improving tPA half-life could reduce enzyme dosage and enhance patient compliance. Nano-carries could be used as delivery systems for the protection of enzymes physically, enhancing half-life and increasing the stability of them. In this study, chitosan (CS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used for the preparation of CS-g-PEG/tPA nanoparticles (NPs) via the ion gelation method. Particles' size and loading capacity were optimised by central composite design. Then, NPs cytotoxicity, release profile, enzyme activity and in vivo half-life and coagulation time were investigated. The results showed that NPs does not have significant cytotoxicity. Release study revealed that a burst effect happened in the first 5 min and resulted in releasing 30% of tPA. Loading tPA in NPs could decrease 25% of its activity but the half-life of it increases in comparison to free tPA in vivo. Also, blood coagulation time has significantly affected (p-value = 0.041) by encapsulated tPA in comparison to free tPA. So, CS-g-PEG/tPA could increase enzyme half-life during the time and could be used as a non-toxic candidate delivery system for tPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Khosravi
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Baharifar
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Hasan Darvishi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Karimi Zarchi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Pramanik S, Sali V. Connecting the dots in drug delivery: A tour d'horizon of chitosan-based nanocarriers system. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:103-121. [PMID: 33338522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most promising pharmaceutical research areas is developing advanced delivery systems for controlled and sustained drug release. The drug delivery system (DDS) can be designed to strengthen the pharmacological and therapeutic characteristics of different medicines. Natural polymers have resolved numerous commencing hurdles, which hindered the clinical implementation of traditional DDS. The naturally derived polymers furnish various advantages such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, inexpensiveness, easy availability, and biologically identifiable moieties, which endorse cellular activity in contrast to synthetic polymers. Among them, chitosan has recently been in the spotlight for devising safe and efficient DDSs due to its superior properties such as minimal toxicity, bio-adhesion, stability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The primary amino group in chitosan shows exceptional qualities such as the rate of drug release, anti-microbial properties, the ability to cross-link with various polymers, and macrophage activation. This review intends to provide a glimpse into different practical utilization of chitosan as a drug carrier. The first segment of the review will give cognizance into the source of extraction and chitosan's remarkable properties. Further, we have endeavored to provide recent literature pertaining to chitosan applications in various drug delivery systems via different administration routes along with current patented chitosan formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India; Department of Polymeric Medical Devices, Medical Devices Engineering, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695011, India.
| | - Vaishnavi Sali
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Sir Vithaldas Thakersay, Santacruz West, Juhu, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400049, India
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Rasul RM, Tamilarasi Muniandy M, Zakaria Z, Shah K, Chee CF, Dabbagh A, Rahman NA, Wong TW. A review on chitosan and its development as pulmonary particulate anti-infective and anti-cancer drug carriers. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116800. [PMID: 33049807 PMCID: PMC7434482 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan, as a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer, is characterized by anti-microbial and anti-cancer properties. It lately has received a widespread interest for use as the pulmonary particulate backbone materials of drug carrier for the treatment of infectious disease and cancer. The success of chitosan as pulmonary particulate drug carrier is a critical interplay of their mucoadhesive, permeation enhancement and site/cell-specific attributes. In the case of nanocarriers, various microencapsulation and micro-nano blending systems have been devised to equip them with an appropriate aerodynamic character to enable efficient pulmonary aerosolization and inhalation. The late COVID-19 infection is met with acute respiratory distress syndrome and cancer. Chitosan and its derivatives are found useful in combating HCoV and cancer as a function of their molecular weight, substituent type and its degree of substitution. The interest in chitosan is expected to rise in the next decade from the perspectives of drug delivery in combination with its therapeutic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhisy Mohd Rasul
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M Tamilarasi Muniandy
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zabliza Zakaria
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kifayatullah Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Chin Fei Chee
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Dabbagh
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Noorsaadah Abd Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tin Wui Wong
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Sino-Malaysia Molecular Oncology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Delivery Joint Research Centre, Medical College, Yangzhou University. China.
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29
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Khalil RM, El Arini SK, AbouSamra MM, Zaki HS, El-Gazaerly ON, Elbary AA. Development of Lecithin/Chitosan Nanoparticles for Promoting Topical Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride: Design, Optimization and In-Vivo Evaluation. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:1337-1348. [PMID: 33271137 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Propranolol (PPL) administered orally is considered as the first line drug for the treatment of infantile hemangioma, however several systemic adverse effects limit its use. For this reason, our work tackles the development and evaluation of PPL loaded chitosan nanoparticles (NPs), as an effective alternative for the treatment of infantile hemangioma. PPL -NPs were prepared using the double emulsion technique and the influence of the formulation variables on drug entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size (PS), percent released after 24 h (%R24h) and zeta potential (ZP) were optimized using full factorial design. Two systems, namely F3 and F28 showing highest E.E., ZP and %R24h with lowest PS, were fully characterized for DSC and TEM and incorporated into hydrogel with adequate viscosity. After ensuring safety for the selected nanoparticle, the hydrogel containing the optimized system was applied topically to rats. The in-vivo skin deposition in rats showed an accumulation of propranolol from the lecithin/chitosan nanocarrier by 1.56-1.91-fold when compared to the drug solution. The obtained result was further supported by the confocal laser scanning microscopy which showed fluorescence across the skin. PPL-HCL-loaded lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles could be considered as a potential candidate for treating infantile hemangiomas (IH) by maintaining therapeutic concentration topically while minimizing systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawia M Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Silvia Kocova El Arini
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Mona M AbouSamra
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Heba S Zaki
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12311, Egypt.
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30
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Pardeshi CV, Agnihotri VV, Patil KY, Pardeshi SR, Surana SJ. Mannose-anchored N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles for pulmonary administration of etofylline. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:445-459. [PMID: 32987078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery to lungs via pulmonary administration offers potential for the development of new drug delivery systems. Here we fabricated the etofylline (ETO) encapsulated mannose-anchored N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (Mn-TMC NPs). The prominent characteristics like biocompatibility, controlled release, targeted delivery, high penetrability, enhanced physical stability, and scalability mark Mn-TMC NPs as a viable alternative to various nanoplatform technologies for effective drug delivery. Mannosylation of TMC NPs leads to the evolution of new drug delivery vehicle with gratifying characteristics, and potential benefits in efficient drug therapy. It is widely accepted that following pulmonary administration, the introduction of mannose to the surface of drug nanocarriers provide selective macrophage targeting via receptor-mediated endocytosis. The fabricated Mn-TMC NPs exhibited particle size of 223.3 nm, PDI 0.490, and ζ-potential -19.1 mV, drug-loading capacity 76.26 ± 1.2%, and encapsulation efficiency of 91.75 ± 0.88%. Sustained drug release, biodegradation studies, stability, safety, and aerodynamic behavior revealed the effectiveness of prepared nanoformulation for pulmonary administration. In addition, the in vivo pharmacokinetic studies in Wistar rat model revealed a significant improvement in therapeutic efficacy of ETO, illustrating mannosylation a promising approach for efficient therapy of airway diseases following pulmonary administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakantsing V Pardeshi
- Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425 405, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Vinit V Agnihotri
- Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425 405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kusumakar Y Patil
- Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425 405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sagar R Pardeshi
- University Institute of Chemical Technology, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon 425 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay J Surana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425 405, Maharashtra, India
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31
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Ge H, Lin P, Luo T, Yan Z, Xiao J, Miao S, Chen J. Fabrication of Ligusticum chuanxiong polylactic acid microspheres: A promising way to enhance the hepatoprotective effect on bioactive ingredients. Food Chem 2020; 317:126377. [PMID: 32113137 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Pulmonary delivery of Nanocomposite Microparticles (NCMPs) incorporating miR-146a for treatment of COPD. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118524. [PMID: 31319144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The treatment and management of COPD by inhalation to the lungs has emerged as an attractive alternative route to oral dosing due to higher concentrations of the drug being administered to site of action. In this study, Nanocomposite Microparticles (NCMPs) of microRNA (miR-146a) containing PGA-co-PDL nanoparticles (NPs) for dry powder inhalation were formulated using l-leucine and mannitol. The spray-drying (Buchi B290) process was optimised and used to incorporate NPs into NCMPs using mix of l-leucine and mannitol excipients in different ratios (F1; 100:0% w/w, F2; 75:25% w/w, F3; 50:50% w/w, F4; 25:75% w/w, F5; 0:100% w/w) to investigate yield %, moisture content, aerosolisation performance and miR-146a biological activity. The optimum condition was performed at feed rate 0.5 ml/min, aspirator rate 28 m3/h, atomizing air flow rate 480 L/h, and inlet drying temperature 70 °C which produced highest yield percentage and closest recovered NPs size to original prior spray-drying. The optimum formulation (F4) had a high yield (86.0 ± 15.01%), recovered NPs size after spray-drying 409.7 ± 10.05 nm (initial NPs size 244.8 ± 4.40 nm) and low moisture content (2.02 ± 0.03%). The aerosolisation performance showed high Fine Particle Fraction (FPF) 51.33 ± 2.9%, Emitted Dose (ED) of 81.81 ± 3.0%, and the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was ≤5 µm suggesting a deposition in the respirable region of the lungs. The biological activity of miR-146a was preserved after spray-drying process and miR-146a loaded NCMPs produced target genes IRAK1 and TRAF6 silencing. These results indicate the optimal process parameters for the preparation of NCMPs of miR-146a-containing PGA-co-PDL NPs suitable for inhalation in the treatment and management of COPD.
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Garg U, Chauhan S, Nagaich U, Jain N. Current Advances in Chitosan Nanoparticles Based Drug Delivery and Targeting. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:195-204. [PMID: 31380245 PMCID: PMC6664124 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been found to be potential targeted and controlled release drug delivery systems. Various drugs can be loaded in the NPs to achieve targeted delivery. Chitosan NPs being biodegradable, biocompatible, less toxic and easy to prepare, are an effective and potential tool for drug delivery. Chitosan is natural biopolymer which can be easily functionalized to obtain the desired targeted results and is also approved by GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration [US FDA]). Various methods for preparation of chitosan NPs include, ionic cross-linking, covalent cross-linking, reverse micellar method, precipitation and emulsion-droplet coalescence method. Chitosan NPs are found to have plethora of applications in drug delivery diagnosis and other biological applications. The key applications include ocular drug delivery, per-oral delivery, pulmonary drug delivery, nasal drug delivery, mucosal drug delivery, gene delivery, buccal drug delivery, vaccine delivery, vaginal drug delivery and cancer therapy. The present review describes the formation of chitosan, synthesis of chitosan NPs and their various applications in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Neha Jain
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201303
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Sumaila M, Ramburrun P, Kumar P, Choonara YE, Pillay V. Lipopolysaccharide Polyelectrolyte Complex for Oral Delivery of an Anti-tubercular Drug. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:107. [PMID: 30746572 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-tuberculosis drug delivery has remained a challenge due to inconsistent bioavailability and inadequate sustained-release properties leading to treatment failure. To resolve these drawbacks, a lipopolysaccharide polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) encapsulated with rifampicin (RIF) (as the model drug) was fabricated, using the solvent injection technique (SIT), with soy lecithin (SLCT), and low-molecular-weight chitosan (LWCT). The average particle size and surface charge of RIF-loaded PEC particulates was 151.6 nm and + 33.0 nm, respectively, with noted decreased particle size and surface charge following increase in SLCT-LWCT mass ratio. Encapsulation efficiency (%EE) and drug-loading capacity (%LC) was 64.25% and 5.84%, respectively. Increase in SLCT-LWCT mass ratio significantly increased %EE with a marginal reduction in %LC. In vitro release studies showed a sustained-release profile for the PEC particulate tablet over 24 h (11.4% cumulative release) where the dominant release mechanism involved non-Fickian anomalous transport shifting towards super case II release as SLCT ratios increased (6.4% cumulative release). PEC-tablets prepared without SIT presented with rapid Fickian-diffusion-based drug release with up to 90% RIF release within 4 h. Ex vivo permeability studies revealed that lipopolysaccharide PEComplexation significantly increased the permeability of RIF by ~ 2-fold within the 8-h study period. These results suggest successful encapsulation of RIF within a PEC structure while imparting increased amorphic regions, as indicated by x-ray diffraction, for potential benefits in improved drug dissolution, bioavailability, and dosing.
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Saharan P, Bahmani K, Saharan S. Preparation, Optimization and In vitro Evaluation of Glipizide Nanoparticles Integrated with Eudragit RS-100. Pharm Nanotechnol 2019; 7:72-85. [PMID: 30892168 PMCID: PMC6691851 DOI: 10.2174/2211738507666190319124513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solubility is an important criterion for drug efficacy, independent of the route of administration. It also poses a major challenge for pharmaceutical industries, which are developing new pharmaceutical products, since 40% of the active substances being identified are either insoluble or poorly soluble in aqueous media. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop nanoformulation of glipizide drugloaded nanoparticles providing controlled release formulation. METHOD Nanoparticles were prepared by the solvent evaporation method. Eudragit RS100, a nonbiodegradable polymer with varying ratios was used for making the formulation. The effect of key formulation variables on the particle size and entrapment efficiency and drug loading of nanoparticles were studied by using factorial design. RESULTS DSC thermograms indicate that glipizide was dispersed in an amorphous state in the polymer. TEM study indicates that the nanoparticles were in spherical shape. The mean diameter was dependent on the presence of the amount of Eudragit RS100 and viscosity of the organic phase. The in vitro study showed that the cumulative drug release was from 69.52-81.44 % in 10 hrs at pH 6.8 in phosphate buffer respectively. CONCLUSION The developed NPs could reduce dose frequency, decrease side effects, and improve patient compliance. Using factorial design, maximum entrapment efficiency with minimum particle size could be achieved with a few experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K. Bahmani
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ch. Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India;, Tel: +919729042239; E-mail:
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Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis & oxidative stress complexity: Emerging need for novel drug delivery approaches. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1218-1229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Adeleke OA, Tsai PC, Karry KM, Monama NO, Michniak-Kohn BB. Isoniazid-loaded orodispersible strips: Methodical design, optimization and in vitro-in silico characterization. Int J Pharm 2018; 547:347-359. [PMID: 29879506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug treatment remains the most effective global approach to managing and preventing tuberculosis. This work focuses on formulating and evaluating an optimized polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol based orodispersible strip containing isoniazid, a first-line anti-tubercular agent. A solvent casting method guided through a Taguchi experimental design was employed in the fabrication, optimization and characterization of the orodispersible strip. The optimized strip was physically amalgamated with a monolayer, uniformly distributed surface geometry. It was 159.2 ± 3.0 µm thick, weighed 36.9 ± 0.3 mg, had an isoniazid load of 99.5 ± 0.8%w/w, disintegration and dissolution times of 17.6 ± 0.9 s and 5.5 ± 0.1 min respectively. In vitro crystallinity, thermal measurements and in silico thermodynamic predictions confirmed the strip's intrinsic miscibility, thermodynamic stability and amorphous nature. A Korsmeyer-Peppas (r = 0.99; n > 1 = 1.07) fitted kinetics typified by an initial burst release of 49.4 ± 1.9% at 4 min and a total of 99.8 ± 3.3% at 30 min was noted. Ex vivo isoniazid permeation through porcine buccal mucosa was bi-phasic and characterized by a 50.4 ± 3.8% surge and 95.6 ± 2.9% at 5 and 120 min respectively. The strip was physicomechanically robust, environmentally stable and non-cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyin A Adeleke
- Center for Dermal Research and Laboratory for Drug Delivery, NJ Center for Biomaterials, Life Sciences Building, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Center for High Performance Computing, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Meiring Naude Road, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa.
| | - Pei-Chin Tsai
- Center for Dermal Research and Laboratory for Drug Delivery, NJ Center for Biomaterials, Life Sciences Building, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Krizia M Karry
- Center for Dermal Research and Laboratory for Drug Delivery, NJ Center for Biomaterials, Life Sciences Building, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Nkwe O Monama
- Center for High Performance Computing, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Meiring Naude Road, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Bozena B Michniak-Kohn
- Center for Dermal Research and Laboratory for Drug Delivery, NJ Center for Biomaterials, Life Sciences Building, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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