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Tan B, Xiao L, Wang Y, Zhou C, Huang H, Li Z, Hong L, Cai G, Wu Z, Gu T. Comprehensive Analysis of Placental DNA Methylation Changes and Fetal Birth Weight in Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7702. [PMID: 39062945 PMCID: PMC11276634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Birth weight is a complex multifactorial trait relevant to health states and disease risks in later life. The placenta is essential for proper fetal growth and facilitates gas, nutrient, and waste exchange between the mother and developing fetus. How changes in placental DNA methylation affect fetal birth weight remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA sequencing to reveal a global map of DNA methylation and gene expression changes between the placentas of highest birth weight and lowest birth weight piglets in the same litters. The transcriptome analysis identified 1682 differential expressed genes and revealed key transcriptional properties in distinct placentas. We also identified key transcription factors that may drive the differences in DNA methylome patterns between placentas. The decrease in DNA methylation level in the promoter was associated with the transcriptional activation of genes associated with angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and transmembrane transport. Our results revealed the regulatory role of DNA methylation in gene transcription activity leading to the differences in placental morphological structures and birth weights of piglets. These results could provide novel clues to clarify the underlying regulatory mechanisms of placental development and fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liyao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
| | - Huijun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zicong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.T.); (L.X.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (L.H.); (G.C.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Huang W, Chen ACH, Wei X, Fong SW, Yeung WSB, Lee YL. Uncovering the role of TET2-mediated ENPEP activation in trophoblast cell fate determination. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:270. [PMID: 38886218 PMCID: PMC11335190 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Early trophoblast differentiation is crucial for embryo implantation, placentation and fetal development. Dynamic changes in DNA methylation occur during preimplantation development and are critical for cell fate determination. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Recently, we derived morula-like expanded potential stem cells from human preimplantation embryos (hEPSC-em), providing a valuable tool for studying early trophoblast differentiation. Data analysis on published datasets showed differential expressions of DNA methylation enzymes during early trophoblast differentiation in human embryos and hEPSC-em derived trophoblastic spheroids. We demonstrated downregulation of DNA methyltransferase 3 members (DNMT3s) and upregulation of ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenases (TETs) during trophoblast differentiation. While DNMT inhibitor promoted trophoblast differentiation, TET inhibitor hindered the process and reduced implantation potential of trophoblastic spheroids. Further integrative analysis identified that glutamyl aminopeptidase (ENPEP), a trophectoderm progenitor marker, was hypomethylated and highly expressed in trophoblast lineages. Concordantly, progressive loss of DNA methylation in ENPEP promoter and increased ENPEP expression were detected in trophoblast differentiation. Knockout of ENPEP in hEPSC-em compromised trophoblast differentiation potency, reduced adhesion and invasion of trophoblastic spheroids, and impeded trophoblastic stem cell (TSC) derivation. Importantly, TET2 was involved in the loss of DNA methylation and activation of ENPEP expression during trophoblast differentiation. TET2-null hEPSC-em failed to produce TSC properly. Collectively, our results illustrated the crucial roles of ENPEP and TET2 in trophoblast fate commitments and the unprecedented TET2-mediated loss of DNA methylation in ENPEP promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Science Park, Sha Tin , Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Andy Chun Hang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Science Park, Sha Tin , Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xujin Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sze Wan Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - William Shu Biu Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Science Park, Sha Tin , Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yin Lau Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Science Park, Sha Tin , Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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Saucedo-Cuevas L, Ma MPQ, Le AH, Akin N, Pham TD, Ho TM, Pita G, Gonzalez-Neira A, De Vos M, Smitz J, Anckaert E, Vuong LN. Epigenetic variation in neonatal tissues in infants conceived using capacitation-in vitro maturation vs. in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril 2024; 121:506-518. [PMID: 38052376 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate alterations of the global DNA methylation profile in placenta, cord blood, and neonatal buccal smears in infants conceived using in vitro maturation (IVM) with a prematuration step (capacitation-IVM [CAPA-IVM]) vs. in vitro fertilization (IVF). DESIGN Analysis of data from the offspring of participants in a randomized controlled trial. SETTING Private clinic. PATIENTS Forty-six women with polycystic ovary syndrome and/or high antral follicle count and their offspring (58 newborns). INTERVENTION(S) Women with polycystic ovary syndrome and/or a high antral follicle count participating in the clinical trial were randomized to undergo CAPA-IVM or conventional IVF. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) At delivery, biological samples including cord blood, placental tissue, and a neonatal buccal smear were collected. Genome-wide DNA methylation was determined using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Variability in methylation was also considered, and mean variances for the two treatment categories were compared. RESULTS In neonatal buccal smears, there were no significant differences between the CAPA-IVM and conventional IVF groups on the basis of the CpG probe after linear regression analysis using a significant cut-off of false-discovery rate <0.05 and |Δβ|≥0.05. In cord blood, only one CpG site showed a significant gain of methylation in the CAPA-IVM group. In the placenta, CAPA-IVM was significantly associated with changes in methylation at five CpG sites. Significantly more variable DNA methylation was found in five probes in the placenta, 54 in cord blood, and two in buccal smears after IVM of oocytes. In cord blood samples, 20 CpG sites had more variable methylation in the conventional IVF vs. IVM group. Isolated CpG sites showing differences in methylation in cord blood were not associated with changes in gene expression of the overlapping genes. CONCLUSION(S) Capacitation-IVM appeared to be associated with only a small amount of epigenetic variation in cord blood, placental tissue, and neonate buccal smears. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03405701 (www. CLINICALTRIALS gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Saucedo-Cuevas
- Follicle Biology Laboratory, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Mai P Q Ma
- IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; HOPE Research Center, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anh H Le
- IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; HOPE Research Center, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nazli Akin
- Follicle Biology Laboratory, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Toan D Pham
- IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; HOPE Research Center, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuong M Ho
- IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; HOPE Research Center, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Gonzalez-Neira
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michel De Vos
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology, and Reproductology, Institute of Professional Education, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Johan Smitz
- Follicle Biology Laboratory, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Ellen Anckaert
- Follicle Biology Laboratory, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Lan N Vuong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Lawless L, Qin Y, Xie L, Zhang K. Trophoblast Differentiation: Mechanisms and Implications for Pregnancy Complications. Nutrients 2023; 15:3564. [PMID: 37630754 PMCID: PMC10459728 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental development is a tightly controlled event, in which cell expansion from the trophectoderm occurs in a spatiotemporal manner. Proper trophoblast differentiation is crucial to the vitality of this gestational organ. Obstructions to its development can lead to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth, posing severe health risks to both the mother and offspring. Currently, the only known treatment strategy for these complications is delivery, making it an important area of research. The aim of this review was to summarize the known information on the development and mechanistic regulation of trophoblast differentiation and highlight the similarities in these processes between the human and mouse placenta. Additionally, the known biomarkers for each cell type were compiled to aid in the analysis of sequencing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Lawless
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yushu Qin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Zhao C, Yang Q, Tang R, Li W, Wang J, Yang F, Zhao J, Zhu J, Pang W, Li N, Zhang X, Tian XY, Yao W, Zhou J. DNA methyltransferase 1 deficiency improves macrophage motility and wound healing by ameliorating cholesterol accumulation. NPJ Regen Med 2023; 8:29. [PMID: 37291182 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-023-00306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Healing of the cutaneous wound requires macrophage recruitment at the sites of injury, where chemotactic migration of macrophages toward the wound is regulated by local inflammation. Recent studies suggest a positive contribution of DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) to macrophage pro-informatory responses; however, its role in regulating macrophage motility remains unknown. In this study, myeloid-specific depletion of Dnmt1 in mice promoted cutaneous wound healing and de-suppressed the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-inhibited macrophage motility. Dnmt1 inhibition in macrophages eliminated the LPS-stimulated changes in cellular mechanical properties in terms of elasticity and viscoelasticity. LPS increased the cellular accumulation of cholesterol in a Dnmt1-depedent manner; cholesterol content determined cellular stiffness and motility. Lipidomic analysis indicated that Dnmt1 inhibition altered the cellular lipid homeostasis, probably through down-regulating the expression of cluster of differentiation 36 CD36 (facilitating lipid influx) and up-regulating the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1 (mediating lipid efflux) and sterol O-acyltransferase 1 SOAT1 (also named ACAT1, catalyzing the esterification of cholesterol). Our study revealed a Dnmt1-dependent epigenetic mechanism in the control of macrophage mechanical properties and the related chemotactic motility, indicating Dnmt1 as both a marker of diseases and a potential target of therapeutic intervention for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanrong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qianru Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Runze Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wang Li
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fangfang Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei Pang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Vascular Institute, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Weijuan Yao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Meyrueix LP, Gharaibeh R, Xue J, Brouwer C, Jones C, Adair L, Norris SA, Ideraabdullah F. Gestational diabetes mellitus placentas exhibit epimutations at placental development genes. Epigenetics 2022; 17:2157-2177. [DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2111751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raad Gharaibeh
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Bioinformatics Service Division, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jing Xue
- Genetics Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cory Brouwer
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Bioinformatics Service Division, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Corbin Jones
- Department of Biology and Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linda Adair
- Nutrition Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shane A. Norris
- SAMRC Developmental Health Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Folami Ideraabdullah
- Nutrition Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Genetics Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- SAMRC Developmental Health Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Rahat B, Hamid A, Bagga R, Kaur J. Folic Acid Levels During Pregnancy Regulate Trophoblast Invasive Behavior and the Possible Development of Preeclampsia. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847136. [PMID: 35578613 PMCID: PMC9106796 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundOne of the unique features of placentation is its similarity to tumorigenesis yet being very well regulated. It allows rapid proliferation, migration, and invasion of mononuclear trophoblast cells into the maternal uterus and remodeling the maternal vasculature. This pseudomalignant nature of trophoblastic cells is strictly regulated and its importance becomes evident in abnormal pregnancies that are characterized by aberrant trophoblast proliferation/invasion like preeclampsia. In addition to this, the importance of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is well documented. We aimed to analyze the molecular and epigenetic regulation of the pseudomalignant nature of placentation via folic acid levels.MethodsPlacental tissue samples were collected from different pregnancies in three different gestational stages. We estimated the impact of folic acid levels on global methylation, LINE1 methylation, and expression of DNMTs in all three gestational stages in pregnant women and preeclampsia pregnancies. We also analyzed the effect of folic acid supplementation on trophoblastic invasion using placental derived cells viz, JEG-3 and HTR-8/SVneo cell line and verified the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms involved in this regulation.ResultsDevelopment of preeclampsia was observed to be associated with lower folate levels in placental tissue, higher global methylation level, and higher expression of DNMT1and DNMT3A. Folic acid supplementation was found to increase the invasive potential of placental trophoblasts by almost two folds which were associated with the decreased expression of tumor suppressor genes and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases; and increased expression of oncogenes, telomerase gene, and matrix metalloproteinases. These folic acid-mediated changes were observed to be regulated by CpG methylation in the case of many genes. Folic acid supplementation was also observed to significantly decrease global methylation in placental trophoblasts related to decreasing expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3A.ConclusionLower folic acid levels are associated with preeclampsia development and folic acid supplementation regulates the invasive potential of placental trophoblasts as mediated by various epigenetic changes in the placenta suggesting the protective effect of folic acid against preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Rahat
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Rashmi Bagga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jyotdeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- *Correspondence: Jyotdeep Kaur
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Cleal JK, Poore KR, Lewis RM. The placental exposome, placental epigenetic adaptations and lifelong cardio-metabolic health. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 87:101095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Peng Z, Zhang Y, Shi D, Jia Y, Shi H, Liu H. miR-497-5p/SALL4 axis promotes stemness phenotype of choriocarcinoma and forms a feedback loop with DNMT-mediated epigenetic regulation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1046. [PMID: 34732693 PMCID: PMC8566582 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Choriocarcinoma stem-like cells (CSLCs) might be at the origin of choriocarcinoma development associated with drug resistance or relapse. Spalt-like transcription factor 4 (SALL4), which is considered to be a stemness-related gene, can be regulated by miRNAs. In this study, SALL4 result is associated with progression-free survival of choriocarcinoma patients and CSLC's stemness characteristics. In addition, it could be downregulated by miR-497-5p by direct binding. miR-497-5p silencing by hypermethylation promoted malignant CSLC phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, increased DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) by SALL4 upregulation inhibited miR-497-5p expression via hypermethylation promotion. SALL4 appeared to be a key factor in promoting stemness phenotype of choriocarcinoma. Silencing miR-497-5p and SALL4 promotes choriocarcinoma progression and forms a feedback loop with DNMT-mediated epigenetic regulation, playing a crucial role in stemness maintenance in choriocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Dazun Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huirong Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huining Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
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10
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Uysal F, Cinar O, Can A. Knockdown of Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a gene expression disrupts preimplantation embryo development through global DNA methylation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:3135-3144. [PMID: 34533678 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE DNA methylation is one of the epigenetic mechanisms that plays critical roles in preimplantation embryo development executed by DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) enzymes. Dnmt1, responsible for the maintenance of methylation, and Dnmt3a, for de novo methylation, are gradually erased from the zygote in succeeding stages and then reestablished in the blastocyst. This study was designed to address the vital role of Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a enzymes by silencing their gene expressions in embryonic development in mice. METHODS Groups were (i) control, (ii) Dnmt1-siRNA, (iii) Dnmt3a-siRNA, and (iv) non-targeted (NT) siRNA. Knockdown of Dnmt genes using siRNAs was confirmed by measuring the targeted proteins using Western blot and immunofluorescence. Following knockdown of Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a in zygotes, the developmental competence and global DNA methylation levels were analyzed after 96 h in embryo cultures. RESULTS A significant number of embryos arrested at the 2-cell stage or had undergone degeneration in the Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a knocked-down groups. By 3D observations in super-resolution microscopy, we noted that Dnmt1 was exclusively found in juxtanuclear cytoplasm, while the Dnmt3a signal was preferentially localized in the nucleus, both in trophoblasts (TBs) and embryoblasts (EBs). Interestingly, the global DNA methylation level decreased in the Dnmt1 knockdown group, while it increased in the Dnmt3a knockdown group. CONCLUSION Precisely aligned expression of Dnmt genes is highly essential for the fate of an embryo in the early developmental period. Our data indicates that further analysis is mandatory to designate the specific targets of these methylation/demethylation processes in mouse and human preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Uysal
- Laboratory for Stem Cells and Reproductive Cell Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Cinar
- Laboratory for Stem Cells and Reproductive Cell Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alp Can
- Laboratory for Stem Cells and Reproductive Cell Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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11
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Jin M, Xu S, Li J, Li L, Tang C. Role of ARID1A in the Regulation of Human Trophoblast Migration and Invasion. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:2363-2373. [PMID: 34255312 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Migration and invasion of trophoblasts is critical for human placental development, trophoblastic differentiation, and pregnancy-associated diseases. AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A), a subunit of the SWI-SNF complex, has been suggested to participate in the regulation of fertility via placental disruption in mice. However, whether ARID1A regulates human placental development and function remains unknown. Here, using human trophoblast-like JEG-3 cell line, we report that ARID1A controls trophoblast cell migration and invasion. Overexpression of ARID1A inhibits JEG-3 cell migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of ARID1A promotes migration and invasion in JEG-3 cells. Mechanistically, while ARID1A reduces JEG-3 cell migration by down-regulation of Snail transcription, it restrains JEG-3 cell invasion by binding to and destabilization of MMP-9 protein. Finally, ARID1A is apparently up-regulated in placental tissues of preeclampsia compared to that of normal pregnancies. Our results thereby imply that ARID1A acts as a critical gene in supporting the physiological function of human mature placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Shouying Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Jiayong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chao Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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12
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Extensive Placental Methylation Profiling in Normal Pregnancies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042136. [PMID: 33669975 PMCID: PMC7924820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The placental methylation pattern is crucial for the regulation of genes involved in trophoblast invasion and placental development, both key events for fetal growth. We investigated LINE-1 methylation and methylome profiling using a methylation EPIC array and the targeted methylation sequencing of 154 normal, full-term pregnancies, stratified by birth weight percentiles. LINE-1 methylation showed evidence of a more pronounced hypomethylation in small neonates compared with normal and large for gestational age. Genome-wide methylation, performed in two subsets of pregnancies, showed very similar methylation profiles among cord blood samples while placentae from different pregnancies appeared very variable. A unique methylation profile emerged in each placenta, which could represent the sum of adjustments that the placenta made during the pregnancy to preserve the epigenetic homeostasis of the fetus. Investigations into the 1000 most variable sites between cord blood and the placenta showed that promoters and gene bodies that are hypermethylated in the placenta are associated with blood-specific functions, whereas those that are hypomethylated belong mainly to pathways involved in cancer. These features support the functional analogies between a placenta and cancer. Our results, which provide a comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation profiling in the human placenta, suggest that its peculiar dynamicity can be relevant for understanding placental plasticity in response to the environment.
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13
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Duan S, Yuan H, Yu S, Wei X, Zhou X, Wang W, Feng F, Qu L, Wu Y. Epigenetic-Based Biomarkers in the Malignant Transformation of BEAS-2B Cells Induced by Coal Tar Pitch Extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 57:medicina57010024. [PMID: 33383878 PMCID: PMC7823543 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The carcinogenicity of coal tar pitch (CTP) to occupational workers has been confirmed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, especially for lung cancer. Herein, we explored the dynamic changes of epigenetic modifications in the malignant transformation process of CTP-induced BEAS-2B cells and also provided clues for screening early biomarkers of CTP-associated occupational lung cancer. Material and Methods: BEAS-2B cells treated with 3.0 μg/mL CTP extract (CTPE) were cultured to the 30th passage to set up a malignant transformation model, which was confirmed by platelet clone formation assay and xenograft assay. DNA methylation levels were determined by ultraviolet-high performance liquid chromatography. mRNA levels in cells and protein levels in supernatants were respectively detected by Real-Time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The number of clones and the ability of tumor formation in nude mice of CTPE-exposed BEAS-2B cells at 30th passage were significantly increased compared to vehicle control. Moreover, genomic DNA methylation level was down-regulated. The mRNA levels of DNMT1, DNMT3a and HDAC1 as well as the expression of DNMT1 protein were up-regulated since the 10th passage. From the 20th passage, the transcriptional levels of DNMT3b, let-7a and the expression of DNMT3a, DNMT3b, and HDAC1 proteins were detected to be higher than vehicle control, while the level of miR-21 increased only at the 30th passage. Conclusion: Data in this study indicated that the changes of epigenetic molecules including DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, HDAC1, and let-7a occurred at the early stages of BEAS-2B cell malignant transformation after CTPE exposure, which provided critical information for screening early biomarkers of CTP-associated occupational lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyin Duan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.D.); (X.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Huijie Yuan
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.Y.); (X.W.); (F.F.)
| | - Songcheng Yu
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.Y.); (X.W.); (F.F.)
| | - Xiaoshan Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.D.); (X.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.D.); (X.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.Y.); (X.W.); (F.F.)
| | - Lingbo Qu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Yongjun Wu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.Y.); (X.W.); (F.F.)
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0371-67781450; Fax: +86-0371-67781868
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14
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Rempel LA, Parrish JJ, Miles JR. Genes Associated With Chromatin Modification Within the Swine Placenta Are Differentially Expressed Due to Factors Associated With Season. Front Genet 2020; 11:1019. [PMID: 33173528 PMCID: PMC7538786 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal reproductive inefficiency is still observed in modern swine facilities. We previously reported global placental methylation activity was reduced from summer breedings and tended to be less from semen collected during cooler periods. The objective of the current study was to evaluate chromatin modification marks within swine placenta in relationship to breeding season, semen collection season, and semen storage. White composite gilts were artificially inseminated in August or January using single-sire semen that was collected during warm or cool periods and stored as either cryopreserved or cooled-extended. Gilts were harvested 45 days post-breeding, and placental samples from the smallest, average, and largest fetus in each litter were collected and stored at −80°C until RNA extraction. An RT2 Profiler assay featuring 84 known chromatin modification enzyme targets was performed using placental RNA pooled by litter. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results were analyzed using the MIXED procedure, and P-values were Hochberg corrected using the MULTTEST procedure in SAS. The complete model included the fixed effects of breeding season (winter or summer), semen collection season (cool or warm), semen storage (cooled-extended or cryopreserved), interactions; boar as repeated effect; and plate as random effect. If interactions were not significant, only the main effects were tested. The genes, ATF2, AURKA, and KDM5B, were different (P < 0.05) by interaction of breeding season, semen collection season, and semen storage. In general, the greatest (P < 0.05) expression was in placentas derived from summer breedings. Expression of AURKA was also influenced by semen collection and storage. Expression of placental KDM5B from winter breedings was also greater (P < 0.05) from semen collected during cool periods. Placental expressions of ASH2L, DNMT3B, ESCO1, HDAC2, ING3, KDM6B, MYSM1, and SMYD3 were greater (P < 0.05) from summer breedings. Increased expressions of known chromatin modification genes, from placentas derived from summer breedings, are likely responsible for differences in gene transcription between summer- or winter-derived placentas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea A Rempel
- USDA, ARS, US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, United States
| | - John J Parrish
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jeremy R Miles
- USDA, ARS, US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, United States
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15
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Tekola-Ayele F, Zeng X, Ouidir M, Workalemahu T, Zhang C, Delahaye F, Wapner R. DNA methylation loci in placenta associated with birthweight and expression of genes relevant for early development and adult diseases. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:78. [PMID: 32493484 PMCID: PMC7268466 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Birthweight marks an important milestone of health across the lifespan, including cardiometabolic disease risk in later life. The placenta, a transient organ at the maternal-fetal interface, regulates fetal growth. Identifying genetic loci where DNA methylation in placenta is associated with birthweight can unravel genomic pathways that are dysregulated in aberrant fetal growth and cardiometabolic diseases in later life. Results We performed placental epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of birthweight in an ethnic diverse cohort of pregnant women (n = 301). Methylation at 15 cytosine-(phosphate)-guanine sites (CpGs) was associated with birthweight (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). Methylation at four (26.7%) CpG sites was associated with placental transcript levels of 15 genes (FDR < 0.05), including genes known to be associated with adult lipid traits, inflammation and oxidative stress. Increased methylation at cg06155341 was associated with higher birthweight and lower FOSL1 expression, and lower FOSL1 expression was correlated with higher birthweight. Given the role of the FOSL1 transcription factor in regulating developmental processes at the maternal-fetal interface, epigenetic mechanisms at this locus may regulate fetal development. We demonstrated trans-tissue portability of methylation at four genes (MLLT1, PDE9A, ASAP2, and SLC20A2) implicated in birthweight by a previous study in cord blood. We also found that methylation changes known to be related to maternal underweight, preeclampsia and adult type 2 diabetes were associated with lower birthweight in placenta. Conclusion We identified novel placental DNA methylation changes associated with birthweight. Placental epigenetic mechanisms may underlie dysregulated fetal development and early origins of adult cardiometabolic diseases. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00912132
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasil Tekola-Ayele
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Dr, room 3204, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Xuehuo Zeng
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marion Ouidir
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Dr, room 3204, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tsegaselassie Workalemahu
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Dr, room 3204, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Dr, room 3204, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Fabien Delahaye
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,UMR 1283, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Gerlitz G. The Emerging Roles of Heterochromatin in Cell Migration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:394. [PMID: 32528959 PMCID: PMC7266953 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is a key process in health and disease. In the last decade an increasing attention is given to chromatin organization in migrating cells. In various types of cells induction of migration leads to a global increase in heterochromatin levels. Heterochromatin is required for optimal cell migration capabilities, since various interventions with heterochromatin formation impeded the migration rate of numerous cell types. Heterochromatin supports the migration process by affecting both the mechanical properties of the nucleus as well as the genetic processes taking place within it. Increased heterochromatin levels elevate nuclear rigidity in a manner that allows faster cell migration in 3D environments. Condensed chromatin and a more rigid nucleus may increase nuclear durability to shear stress and prevent DNA damage during the migration process. In addition, heterochromatin reorganization in migrating cells is important for induction of migration-specific transcriptional plan together with inhibition of many other unnecessary transcriptional changes. Thus, chromatin organization appears to have a key role in the cellular migration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabi Gerlitz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ariel Center for Applied Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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17
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Drewlo S, Johnson E, Kilburn BA, Kadam L, Armistead B, Kohan-Ghadr HR. Irisin induces trophoblast differentiation via AMPK activation in the human placenta. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7146-7158. [PMID: 32020629 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Irisin, an adipokine, regulates differentiation and phenotype in various cell types including myocytes, adipocytes, and osteoblasts. Circulating irisin concentration increases throughout human pregnancy. In pregnancy disorders such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus, circulating irisin levels are reduced compared to healthy controls. To date, there are no data on the role and molecular function of irisin in the human placenta or its contribution to pathophysiology. Aberrant trophoblast differentiation is involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. The current study aimed to assess the molecular effects of irisin on trophoblast differentiation and function. First-trimester placental explants were cultured and treated with low (10 nM) and high (50 nM) physiological doses of irisin. Treatment with irisin dose-dependently increased both in vitro placental outgrowth (on Matrigel™) and trophoblast cell-cell fusion. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, an important regulator of cellular energy homeostasis that is involved in trophoblast differentiation and pathology, was subsequently investigated. Here, irisin exposure induced placental AMPK activation. To determine the effects of irisin on trophoblast differentiation, two trophoblast-like cell lines, HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo, were treated with irisin and/or a specific AMPK inhibitor (Compound C). Irisin-induced AMPK phosphorylation in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Additionally, as part of the differentiation process, integrin switching from α6 to α1 occurred as well as increased invasiveness. Overall, irisin promoted differentiation in villous and extravillous cell-based models via AMPK pathway activation. These findings provide evidence that exposure to irisin promotes differentiation and improves trophoblast functions in the human placenta that are affected in abnormal placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Drewlo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Eugenia Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Brian A Kilburn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Leena Kadam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Brooke Armistead
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Hamid-Reza Kohan-Ghadr
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
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18
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Pariente G, Wainstock T, Walfisch A, Landau D, Sheiner E. Placental abruption and long-term neurological hospitalisations in the offspring. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2019; 33:215-222. [PMID: 31131918 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental abruption is a major determinant of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, often related to asphyxia and preterm birth. However, the impact of abruption on the long-term morbidity of the offspring is less investigated. METHODS We designed a hospital-based cohort study, in which the incidence of long-term neurology-related hospitalisations of offspring to women with and without placental abruption was assessed. All singleton deliveries between 1991 and 2014 were included in the study. Congenital anomalies, perinatal mortality, and multifetal pregnancies were excluded from the analyses. We compared cumulative morbidity incidence using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and estimated the risk for long-term neurological hospitalisations from Cox proportional hazards models after adjustment for putative including maternal age, parity, hypertensive disorders, pre-gestational and gestational diabetes, gender, ethnicity, and year of birth. RESULTS Over the 22-year period, 2 202 269 person-years of follow-up, there were 217 910 deliveries of which 0.5% (n = 1003) were complicated with placental abruption. The median (interquartile range) follow-up of children in the abruption and non-abruption groups was 10.3 (4.6, 15.9) and 12.0 (6.3, 16.5) years, respectively. The cumulative incidence of total neurological hospitalisations was comparable between abruption (3.32 per 1000 person-years) and non-abruption (3.16 per 1000 person-years). Abruption was associated with increased rates of cerebral palsy (hazard ratio [HR] 6.71, 95% CI 3.32, 13.58) and developmental disorders (HR 3.36, 95% CI 1.38, 8.13), but not for total neurology-related hospitalisations (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.78, 1.49). CONCLUSION Placental abruption is associated with increased rate of cerebral palsy and developmental disorders in the offspring later in life. This study may define risk factors for childhood neuropsychiatric disorders, enabling early diagnosis and intervention in children with such disorders, and perhaps improving their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gali Pariente
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Tamar Wainstock
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Asnat Walfisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniella Landau
- Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Eyal Sheiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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19
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Wang L, Tan YJ, Wang M, Chen YF, Li XY. DNA Methylation Inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine Modulates Endometrial Receptivity Through Upregulating HOXA10 Expression. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:839-846. [PMID: 30522400 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118815575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial receptivity is a critical factor for embryo implantation. A decrease in endometrial homeobox A10 (HOXA10) expression is associated with hypermethylation of its promoter and lower endometrial receptivity in animals and humans. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (AZA) is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. However, whether demethylation of the HOXA10 gene could increase the receptivity of the human endometrium remains unknown. Homeobox A10 promoter methylation was analyzed using bisulfite genomic sequencing polymerase chain reaction. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to analyze the expression of HOXA10 and its downstream target genes (integrin subunit β 3 [ITGB3] and insulin growth factor binding protein 1 [IGFBP1]) in Ishikawa cells treated with or without AZA for 24 hours. Their protein expression was analyzed with or without HOXA10 siRNA treatment. The effect of AZA on embryo implantation was examined using a Jeg-3 spheroid-endometrial cell attachment assay. The percentage of methylated CpG islands in the HOXA10 promoter was 72.0% without AZA treatment. However, it was 38% and 35% in the 1 and 10 μM AZA treatment groups, respectively. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine strongly induced the expression of HOXA10, ITGB3, and IGFBP1 messenger RNA and their protein expression. Homeobox A10 knockdown led to decreased expression of HOXA10, ITGB3, and IGFBP1, with or without AZA treatment. The attachment rate of Jeg-3 spheroids increased significantly from 82% (control) to 95% (AZA 1 μM) and 96% (AZA 10 μM) after AZA treatment. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine could upregulate the expression of ITGB3 and IGFBP1 via HOXA10 upregulation, and upregulation of ITGB3 and IGFBP1 plays an important role in endometrial receptivity during implantation. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine may improve endometrial receptivity by upregulating the expression of HOXA10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ya Jing Tan
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fei Chen
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Lan X, Fu LJ, Hu ZY, Feng Q, Liu XQ, Zhang X, Chen XM, He JL, Wang YX, Ding YB. Methylated oligonucleotide (MON)-induced promoter hypermethylation is associated with repression of CDH1 expression and contributes to the migration and invasion of human trophoblast cell lines. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1509-1520. [PMID: 27439778 DOI: 10.1071/rd16031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA cytosine-5 methylation plays a vital role in regulating the expression of E-cadherin, which is encoded by the CDH1 gene. In this study, we characterised the DNA methylation and expression pattern of CDH1 in an extravillous trophoblast cell line (HTR-8/SVneo) and two trophoblast cell lines -- JEG-3 and JAR. Promoter hypermethylation with reduced E-cadherin expression in HTR-8/SVneo cells and promoter hypomethylation with increased E-cadherin expression in JEG-3 and JAR cells were observed. Demethylation treatment significantly restored E-cadherin expression, contributing to decreases in the motility and invasiveness of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Sense-methylated oligonucleotides (MONs) labelled with Cy5 and complementary to a region of the human CDH1 promoter were designed, with the cytosines in 5'-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3' (CpG) dinucleotides being replaced by methylated cytosines. Following MON transfection into JEG-3 cells, the level of CDH1 promoter DNA methylation as well as cell motility and invasiveness were increased and gene expression was significantly repressed. Our results indicate that MON-mediated DNA methylation of the CDH1 promoter and subsequent alterations in gene expression may contribute to trophoblast motility and invasion, suggesting a potential method for controlling the biological function of trophoblasts in vitro through epigenetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lan
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li-Juan Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qian Feng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Qing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Lin He
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Xiong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Bin Ding
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
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Ducsay CA, Goyal R, Pearce WJ, Wilson S, Hu XQ, Zhang L. Gestational Hypoxia and Developmental Plasticity. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1241-1334. [PMID: 29717932 PMCID: PMC6088145 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most common and severe challenges to the maintenance of homeostasis. Oxygen sensing is a property of all tissues, and the response to hypoxia is multidimensional involving complicated intracellular networks concerned with the transduction of hypoxia-induced responses. Of all the stresses to which the fetus and newborn infant are subjected, perhaps the most important and clinically relevant is that of hypoxia. Hypoxia during gestation impacts both the mother and fetal development through interactions with an individual's genetic traits acquired over multiple generations by natural selection and changes in gene expression patterns by altering the epigenetic code. Changes in the epigenome determine "genomic plasticity," i.e., the ability of genes to be differentially expressed according to environmental cues. The genomic plasticity defined by epigenomic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs during development is the mechanistic substrate for phenotypic programming that determines physiological response and risk for healthy or deleterious outcomes. This review explores the impact of gestational hypoxia on maternal health and fetal development, and epigenetic mechanisms of developmental plasticity with emphasis on the uteroplacental circulation, heart development, cerebral circulation, pulmonary development, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and adipose tissue. The complex molecular and epigenetic interactions that may impact an individual's physiology and developmental programming of health and disease later in life are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A. Ducsay
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Ravi Goyal
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - William J. Pearce
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Sean Wilson
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Xiang-Qun Hu
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lubo Zhang
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
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Peng Z, Zhou W, Zhang C, Liu H, Zhang Y. Curcumol Controls Choriocarcinoma Stem-Like Cells Self-Renewal via Repression of DNA Methyltransferase (DNMT)- and Histone Deacetylase (HDAC)-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:461-472. [PMID: 29363667 PMCID: PMC5791388 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs), in choriocarcinoma and other carcinomas, possess the ability of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. We previous isolated choriocarcinoma cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs), which hold the stemness characteristics of CSCs. Epigenetic modifications have emerged as drivers in tumorigenesis, but the mechanisms of CSCs are largely unknown, and new drug therapies are needed to break the persistence of CSCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression of DNMTs, HDACs, and stemness-genes. DNMTs and HDACs silencing and overexpressing lentivirus were transfected into JEG-3 cells to investigate the epigenetic functions in CSLCs. In vivo expression of curcumol effects of CSLCs on DNMTs and HDACs were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Expression of DNMT1, DNMT3b, HDAC1, and HDAC3 were increased in choriocarcinoma CSLCs. Consistent with the inhibitory effect of 5-AzaC and TSA on CSLCs, DNMT/HDAC knockdown displayed significant repression of self-renewal in CSLCs. Curcumol inhibited the stemness ability of CSLCs in vitro and in vivo, and the inhibitory effect we observed was mediated in part through repressing activity of DNMTs and HDACs. Importantly, curcumol showed a better effect than DNMT and HDAC inhibitors combined in eliminating CSLCs. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that DNMT- and HDAC-mediated epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the biology of choriocarcinoma CSLCs, and curcumol has the potential to be a new drug to fight CSLCs, warranting further investigation of epigenetic-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Huining Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
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Huebner H, Strick R, Wachter DL, Kehl S, Strissel PL, Schneider-Stock R, Hartner A, Rascher W, Horn LC, Beckmann MW, Ruebner M, Fahlbusch FB. Hypermethylation and loss of retinoic acid receptor responder 1 expression in human choriocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:165. [PMID: 29169400 PMCID: PMC5701501 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Human placental development resembles tumorigenesis, due to the invasive and fusogenic potential of trophoblasts. However, these features are tightly controlled in trophoblasts. Disturbance of this spatial and temporal regulation is thought to contribute to the rare formation of choriocarcinomas. Promoter hypermethylation and loss of the tumor suppressor Retinoic acid receptor responder 1 (RARRES1) were shown to contribute to cancer progression. Our study investigated the epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of RARRES1 in healthy human placenta in comparison to choriocarcinoma cell lines and cases. Methods Three choriocarcinoma cell lines (Jeg-3, JAR and BeWo) were treated with three different retinoic acid derivates (Am580, Tazarotene and all-trans retinoic acid) and 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. We analyzed RARRES1 promoter methylation by pyrosequencing and performed realtime-PCR quantification to determine RARRES1 expression in placental tissue and trophoblastic cell lines. Additionally, RARRES1 was stained in healthy placentas and in biopsies of choriocarcinoma cases (n = 10) as well as the first trimester trophoblast cell line Swan71 by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Results In the choriocarcinoma cell lines, RARRES1 expression could not be induced by sole retinoic acid treatment. Stimulation with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine significantly induced RARRES1 expression, which then could be further increased with Am580, Tazarotene and all-trans retinoic acid. In comparison to healthy placenta, choriocarcinoma cell lines showed a hypermethylation of the RARRES1 promoter, which correlated with a reduced RARRES1 expression. In concordance, RARRES1 protein expression was lost in choriocarcinoma tissue. Additionally, in the trophoblastic cell line Swan71, we found a significant induction of RARRES1 expression with increased cell density, during mitosis and in syncytial knots. Conclusions Our findings showed that RARRES1 expression is absent in choriocarcinoma due to promoter methylation. Based on our analysis, we hypothesize that RARRES1 might exert tumor suppressive functions in multiple cellular processes (e.g. cell cycle regulation, adhesion, invasion and apoptosis). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0634-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Huebner
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Strick
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - D L Wachter
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Kehl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - P L Strissel
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Schneider-Stock
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Hartner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Loschgestraße 15, 91054 Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Rascher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Loschgestraße 15, 91054 Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - L C Horn
- Division Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M W Beckmann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Ruebner
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - F B Fahlbusch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Loschgestraße 15, 91054 Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
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Rahat B, Sharma R, Bagga R, Hamid A, Kaur J. Imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in preeclampsia and gestational trophoblastic diseases. Reproduction 2017; 152:11-22. [PMID: 27256632 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The invasion cascade exhibited by placental trophoblasts and cancerous cells bears many similarities, and it is attributed to extracellular matrix degradation mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Although proper and controlled invasion by trophoblasts into the maternal uterus is an essential requirement for maintenance of normal pregnancy, any abnormality in this phenomenon results in the development of invasion-related disorders such as gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) and preeclampsia. We studied the epigenetic basis of differential expression of two placental MMPs (MMP2 and MMP9) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP2 and TIMP1) during normal gestation and invasion-related disorders, i.e., preeclampsia and GTDs. Our study suggests the association of H3K9/27me3 with differential expression of these MMPs and their inhibitors, which regulate the placental invasion during normal pregnancy, whereas no role of CpG methylation was observed in the differential expression of MMPs/TIMPs. Further, development of GTDs was associated with abnormally higher expression of these MMPs and lower levels of their inhibitors, whereas the reverse trends were observed for MMPs and their TIMPs in case of preeclampsia, in association with abnormal changes in H3K9/27me3. These results suggest the involvement of higher levels of MMPs in an aggressive invasive behavior depicted by GTDs, whereas lower levels of these MMPs in shallow and poor invasive phenotype associated with preeclampsia. Thus, our study shows the significance of a proper balance regulated by histone trimethylation between differential expression of MMPs and their TIMPs for maintaining normal pregnancy and its deregulation as a contributing factor for pathogenesis of invasive disorders during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Rahat
- Department of BiochemistryPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Renuka Sharma
- Department of BiochemistryPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rashmi Bagga
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Cancer Pharmacology DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Jyotdeep Kaur
- Department of BiochemistryPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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25
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The Genes of Life and Death: A Potential Role for Placental-Specific Genes in Cancer. Bioessays 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Sundheimer LW, Pisarska MD. Abnormal Placentation Associated with Infertility as a Marker of Overall Health. Semin Reprod Med 2017; 35:205-216. [PMID: 28658703 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1603570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInfertility and fertility treatments utilized are associated with abnormal placentation leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes related to placentation, including preterm birth, low birth weight, placenta accrete, and placenta previa. This may be due to the underlying genetics predisposing to infertility or the epigenetic changes associated with the fertility treatments utilized, as specific disease states leading to infertility are at increased risk of adverse outcomes, including placental abruption, fetal loss, gestational diabetes mellitus, and outcomes related to placentation, as well as the treatments utilized including in vitro fertilization (IVF) and non-IVF fertility treatment. Placentation defects, leading to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, which are more pronounced in the infertile population, occur due to changes in trophoblast invasion, vascular defects, changes in the environmental milieu, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. These similar processes are recognized as major contributors to lifelong risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease for both the mother and her offspring. Thus, abnormal placentation, found to be more prevalent in the infertile population, may be the key to better understand how infertility affects overall and long-term health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren W Sundheimer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Margareta D Pisarska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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27
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Rahat B, Najar RA, Hamid A, Bagga R, Kaur J. The role of aberrant methylation of trophoblastic stem cell origin in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of placental disorders. Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:133-143. [PMID: 27885689 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Rahat
- Department of Biochemistry; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research; Chandigarh India
| | - Rauf Ahmad Najar
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Jammu India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Cancer Pharmacology Division; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Jammu India
| | - Rashmi Bagga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research; Chandigarh India
| | - Jyotdeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research; Chandigarh India
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Franczak A, Zglejc K, Waszkiewicz E, Wojciechowicz B, Martyniak M, Sobotka W, Okrasa S, Kotwica G. Periconceptional undernutrition affects in utero methyltransferase expression and steroid hormone concentrations in uterine flushings and blood plasma during the peri-implantation period in domestic pigs. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:1499-1508. [DOI: 10.1071/rd16124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Female undernutrition during early pregnancy may affect the physiological pattern of genomic DNA methylation. We hypothesised that in utero DNA methylation may be impaired in females fed a restrictive diet in early pregnancy. In this study we evaluated whether poor maternal nutritional status, induced by applying a restricted diet during the peri-conceptional period, may influence: (1) the potential for in utero DNA methylation, expressed as changes in the mRNA expression and protein abundance of methyltransferases: DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and DNMT3a in the endometrium and the myometrium, (2) the intrauterine microenvironment, measured as oestradiol 17β (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations in uterine flushings and (3) plasma concentration of E2 and P4 during the peri-implantation period. Our results indicate that maternal peri-conceptional undernutrition affects maintenance and de novo DNA methylation in the endometrium, de novo methylation in the myometrium and a results in a decrease in intrauterine E2 concentration during the peri-implantation period. The intrauterine concentration of P4 and plasma concentrations of E2 and P4 did not change. These findings suggest that undernutrition during the earliest period of pregnancy, and perhaps the pre-pregnancy period, may create changes in epigenetic mechanisms in the uterus and intrauterine milieu of E2 during the peri-implantation period.
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Epigenetic Influences During the Periconception Period and Assisted Reproduction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1014:15-39. [PMID: 28864983 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62414-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The periconception period starts 6 months before conception and lasts until the tenth week of gestation. In this chapter, we will focus on epigenetic modifications to DNA and gene expression within this period and during assisted reproduction. There are two critical times during the periconception window when significant epigenetic 'reprogramming' occur: one during gametogenesis and another during the pre-implantation embryonic stage. Furthermore, assisted conception treatments, laboratory protocols and culture media can affect the embryo development and birth weights in laboratory animals. There is, however, an ongoing debate as to whether epigenetic changes in humans, causing embryo mal-development, placenta dysfunction and birth defects, result from assisted reproductive technologies or are consequences of pre-existing medical and/or genetic conditions in the parents. The periconception period starts from ovarian folliculogenesis, through resumption of oogenesis, fertilisation, peri-implantation embryo development, embryogenesis until the end of organogenesis. In men, it is the period from spermatogenesis to epididymal sperm storage and fertilisation. Gametes and developing embryos are sensitive to environmental factors during this period, and epigenetic modifications can occur in response to adverse lifestyles and environmental factors. We now know that lifestyle factors such as advanced parentage age, obesity or undernutrition, smoking, excessive alcohol and caffeine intake and recreational drugs used during gamete production and embryogenesis could induce epigenetic alterations, which could impact adversely on pregnancy outcomes and health of the offspring. Furthermore, these can also result in a permanent and irreversible effect in a dose-dependent manner, which can be passed on to the future generations.
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Placental expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1): Gender-specific relation with human placental growth. Placenta 2016; 48:119-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Lee B, Kroener LL, Xu N, Wang ET, Banks A, Williams J, Goodarzi MO, Chen YDI, Tang J, Wang Y, Gangalapudi V, Pisarska MD. Function and Hormonal Regulation of GATA3 in Human First Trimester Placentation. Biol Reprod 2016; 95:113. [PMID: 27733378 PMCID: PMC5178150 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.141861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancies resulting from fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles exposed to supraphysiologic estrogen levels have been associated with higher rates of low birth weight and small for gestational age babies. We identified GATA3, a transcription factor selectively expressed in the trophectoderm during the blastocyst stage of embryo development, in an upstream analysis of genes that were differentially methylated in chorionic villus samples between IVF and non-IVF infertility treatment pregnancies. In this study, we investigate the hypothesis that GATA3 is hormonally regulated and plays an important functional role in trophoblast migration, invasion, and placentation. We found that GATA3 expression was hormonally regulated by estradiol in HTR8/SVneo first trimester trophoblast cells; however, no change in expression was seen with progesterone treatment. Furthermore, GATA3 knockdown resulted in decreased HTR8/SVneo cell migration and invasion compared with controls. RNA sequencing of GATA3 knockdown cells demonstrated 96 differentially regulated genes compared with controls. Genes known to play an important role in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, cell invasion, and placentation were identified, including CTGF, CYR61, ADAMTS12, and TIMP3. Our results demonstrate estradiol down-regulates GATA3, and decreased GATA3 expression leads to impaired trophoblast cell migration and invasion, likely through regulation of downstream genes important in placentation. These results are consistent with clinical data suggesting that supraphysiologic estrogen levels seen in IVF pregnancies may play an important role in attenuated trophoblast migration, invasion, and impaired placentation. GATA3 appears to be an important regulator of placentation and may play a role in impaired outcomes associated with fresh IVF cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Lee
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lindsay L Kroener
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ning Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erica T Wang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alexandra Banks
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - John Williams
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai-Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yii-der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABiomed/Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Jie Tang
- Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Margareta D Pisarska
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California .,UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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Epigenetic regulation of STAT5A and its role as fetal DNA epigenetic marker during placental development and dysfunction. Placenta 2016; 44:46-53. [PMID: 27452437 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Macaulay EC, Bloomfield FH. Unravelling the Link Between the Placental Epigenome and Pregnancy Outcomes. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:82. [PMID: 26962116 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.139915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erin C Macaulay
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Kroener L, Wang ET, Pisarska MD. Predisposing Factors to Abnormal First Trimester Placentation and the Impact on Fetal Outcomes. Semin Reprod Med 2015; 34:27-35. [PMID: 26696276 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1570029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Normal placentation during the first trimester sets the stage for the rest of pregnancy and involves a finely orchestrated cellular and molecular interplay of maternal and fetal tissues. The resulting intrauterine environment plays an important role in fetal programming and the future health of the fetus, and is impacted by multiple genetic and epigenetic factors. Abnormalities in placentation and spiral artery invasion can lead to ischemia, placental disease, and adverse obstetrical outcomes including preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and placental abruption. Although first trimester placentation is affected by multiple factors, preconception environmental influences such as mode of conception, including assisted reproductive technologies which result in fertilization in vitro and intrauterine influences due to sex differences, are emerging as potential significant factors impacting first trimester placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Kroener
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erica T Wang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Margareta D Pisarska
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Vincent ZL, Mitchell MD, Ponnampalam AP. Regulation of TIMP-1 in Human Placenta and Fetal Membranes by lipopolysaccharide and demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:136. [PMID: 26691525 PMCID: PMC4687108 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An appropriate transcriptional profile in the placenta and fetal membranes is required for successful pregnancy; any variations may lead to inappropriate timing of birth. Epigenetic regulation through reversible modification of chromatin has emerged as a fundamental mechanism for the control of gene expression in a range of biological systems and can be modified by pharmacological intervention, thus providing novel therapeutic avenues. TIMP-1 is an endogenous inhibitor of MMPs, and hence is intimately involved in maintaining the integrity of the fetal membranes until labor. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS To determine if TIMP-1 is regulated by DNA methylation in gestational tissues we employed an in vitro model in which gestational tissue explants were treated with demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (AZA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RESULTS Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that TIMP-1 transcription was significantly increased by combined treatment of AZA and LPS, but not LPS alone, in villous, amnion and choriodecidua explants after 24 and 48 hrs, whilst western blotting showed protein production was stimulated after 24 hrs only. Upon interrogation of the TIMP-1 promoter using Sequenom EpiTyper MassARRAY, we discovered sex-specific differential methylation, in part explained by x-linked methylation in females. Increased TIMP-1 in the presence of LPS was potentiated by AZA treatment, signifying that a change in chromatin structure, but not in DNA methylation at the promoter region, is required for transcriptional activators to access the promoter region of TIMP-1. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these observations support a potential role for pharmacological agents that modify chromatin structure to be utilized in the therapeutic targeting of TIMP-1 to prevent premature rupture of the fetal membranes in an infectious setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë L Vincent
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Murray D Mitchell
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Anna P Ponnampalam
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
- Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- The Heart Foundation, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Januar V, Desoye G, Novakovic B, Cvitic S, Saffery R. Epigenetic regulation of human placental function and pregnancy outcome: considerations for causal inference. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 213:S182-96. [PMID: 26428498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms, often defined as regulating gene activity independently of underlying DNA sequence, are crucial for healthy development. The sum total of epigenetic marks within a cell or tissue (the epigenome) is sensitive to environmental influence, and disruption of the epigenome in utero has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Not surprisingly, given its multifaceted functions and important role in regulating pregnancy outcome, the placenta shows unique epigenetic features. Interestingly however, many of these are only otherwise seen in human malignancy (the pseudomalignant placental epigenome). Epigenetic variation in the placenta is now emerging as a candidate mediator of environmental influence on placental functioning and a key regulator of pregnancy outcome. However, replication of findings is generally lacking, most likely due to small sample sizes and a lack of standardization of analytical approaches. Defining DNA methylation "signatures" in the placenta associated with maternal and fetal outcomes offers tremendous potential to improve pregnancy outcomes, but care must be taken in interpretation of findings. Future placental epigenetic research would do well to address the issues present in epigenetic epidemiology more generally, including careful consideration of sample size, potentially confounding factors, issues of tissue heterogeneity, reverse causation, and the role of genetics in modulating epigenetic profile. The importance of animal or in vitro models in establishing a functional role of epigenetic variation identified in human beings, which is key to establishing causation, should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Januar
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Silvija Cvitic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Richard Saffery
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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Vannuccini S, Clifton VL, Fraser IS, Taylor HS, Critchley H, Giudice LC, Petraglia F. Infertility and reproductive disorders: impact of hormonal and inflammatory mechanisms on pregnancy outcome. Hum Reprod Update 2015; 22:104-15. [PMID: 26395640 PMCID: PMC7289323 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmv044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reproductive disorders and infertility are associated with the risk of obstetric complications and have a negative impact on pregnancy outcome. Affected patients often require assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to conceive, and advanced maternal age is a further confounding factor. The challenge is to dissect causation, correlation and confounders in determining how infertility and reproductive disorders individually or together predispose women to poor pregnancy outcomes. METHODS The published literature, to June 2015, was searched using PubMed, summarizing all evidences concerning the perinatal outcome of women with infertility and reproductive disorders and the potential mechanisms that may influence poor pregnancy outcome. RESULTS Reproductive disorders (endometriosis, adenomyosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and uterine fibroids) and unexplained infertility share inflammatory pathways, hormonal aberrations, decidual senescence and vascular abnormalities that may impair pregnancy success through common mechanisms. Either in combination or alone, these disorders results in an increased risk of preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, placental pathologies and hypertensive disorders. Systemic hormonal aberrations, and inflammatory and metabolic factors acting on endometrium, myometrium, cervix and placenta are all associated with an aberrant milieu during implantation and pregnancy, thus contributing to the genesis of obstetric complications. Some of these features have been also described in placentas from ART. CONCLUSIONS Reproductive disorders are common in women of childbearing age and rarely occur in isolation. Inflammatory, endocrine and metabolic mechanisms associated with these disorders are responsible for an increased incidence of obstetric complications. These patients should be recognized as 'high risk' for poor pregnancy outcomes and monitored with specialized follow-up. There is a real need for development of evidence-based recommendations about clinical management and specific obstetric care pathways for the introduction of prompt preventative care measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vannuccini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Vicki L Clifton
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ian S Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Center for Women's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hilary Critchley
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Linda C Giudice
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, 550 16th Street, Floor 7, Box 0132, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Zheng X, Sun Y, Zhang H, Zhao X, Li M. Prospective study evaluating the effect of mifepristone on E-cadherin expression in villi in early pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015; 194:115-8. [PMID: 26363825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND E-cadherin plays an important regulatory role in implantation, embryo development and placentation. This study aimed to determine the effect of mifepristone on E-cadherin expression in human villi in early pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN Forty healthy women seeking elective pregnancy termination at 5-7 weeks of gestation were recruited. Of these, 22 women chose medical termination (mifepristone-treated group) and took 25mg mifepristone every 12h for 3 days and 600μg buccal misoprostol on the morning of the fourth day. The other 18 women underwent vacuum aspiration (control group). Following collection of villi, E-cadherin protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis, and E-cadherin mRNA expression was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS E-cadherin protein expression was significantly higher (p<0.05) in villous cytotrophoblast cells in the mifepristone-treated group compared with the control group. E-cadherin mRNA expression was also significantly higher (p<0.01) in the mifepristone-treated group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION E-cadherin expression in villi may be involved in mifepristone-induced pregnancy termination.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - M Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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The placenta: phenotypic and epigenetic modifications induced by Assisted Reproductive Technologies throughout pregnancy. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:87. [PMID: 26300992 PMCID: PMC4546204 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, there is growing interest in the potential epigenetic risk related to assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Much evidence in the literature supports the hypothesis that adverse pregnancy outcomes linked to ART are associated with abnormal trophoblastic invasion. The aim of this review is to investigate the relationship between epigenetic dysregulation caused by ART and subsequent placental response. The dialogue between the endometrium and the embryo is a crucial step to achieve successful trophoblastic invasion, thus ensuring a non-complicated pregnancy and healthy offspring. However, as described in this review, ART could impair both actors involved in this dialogue. First, ART may induce epigenetic defects in the conceptus by modifying the embryo environment. Second, as a result of hormone treatments, ART may impair endometrial receptivity. In some cases, it results in embryonic growth arrest but, when the development of the embryo continues, the placenta could bring adaptive responses throughout pregnancy. Amongst the different mechanisms, epigenetics, especially thanks to a finely tuned network of imprinted genes stimulated by foetal signals, may modify nutrient transfer, placental growth and vascularization. If these coping mechanisms are overwhelmed, improper maternal-foetal exchanges occur, potentially leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as abortion, preeclampsia or intra-uterine growth restriction. But in most cases, successful placental adaptation enables normal progress of the pregnancy. Nevertheless, the risks induced by these modifications during pregnancy are not fully understood. Metabolic diseases later in life could be exacerbated through the memory of epigenetic adaptation mechanisms established during pregnancy. Thus, more research is still needed to better understand abnormal interactions between the embryo and the milieu in artificial conditions. As trophectoderm cells are in direct contact with the environment, they deserve to be studied in more detail. The ultimate goal of these studies will be to render ART protocols safer. Optimization of the environment will be the key to improving the dialogue between the endometrium and embryo, so as to ensure that placentation after ART is similar to that following natural conception.
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Cheishvili D, Boureau L, Szyf M. DNA demethylation and invasive cancer: implications for therapeutics. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:2705-15. [PMID: 25134627 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer is aberrant DNA methylation, which is associated with abnormal gene expression. Both hypermethylation and silencing of tumour suppressor genes as well as hypomethylation and activation of prometastatic genes are characteristic of cancer cells. As DNA methylation is reversible, DNA methylation inhibitors were tested as anticancer drugs with the idea that such agents would demethylate and reactivate tumour suppressor genes. Two cytosine analogues, 5-azacytidine (Vidaza) and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, were approved by the Food and Drug Administration as antitumour agents in 2004 and 2006 respectively. However, these agents might cause activation of a panel of prometastatic genes in addition to activating tumour suppressor genes, which might lead to increased metastasis. This poses the challenge of how to target tumour suppressor genes and block cancer growth with DNA-demethylating drugs while avoiding the activation of prometastatic genes and precluding the morbidity of cancer metastasis. This paper reviews current progress in using DNA methylation inhibitors in cancer therapy and the potential promise and challenges ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cheishvili
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lisa Boureau
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Physiology Medical Sciences, University of Toronto 1 King's College Circle Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Moshe Szyf
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sackler Program for Epigenetics and Developmental Psychobiology, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto 1 King's College Circle Toronto, ON, Canada
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Zhuang Y, Cui H, Liu S, Zheng D, Liu C. Progesterone receptor B promoter hypermethylation in human placenta after labor onset. Reprod Sci 2015; 22:335-42. [PMID: 25015900 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114542013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To determine the methylation status of progesterone receptor B (PR-B) promoter and how PR-B regulates progesterone action in placenta during human pregnancy. Placentas were obtained from the pregnancy women at term who underwent cesarean delivery and vaginal delivery. The methylation status of the PR-B promoter was analyzed using the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bisulfite sequencing PCR. And the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of the PR-B and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. Compared with the cesarean group, the placentas of vaginal delivery group had greater levels of PR-B DNA methylation, and the PR-B, DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased. Progesterone receptor B methylation occurs with high frequency after labor onset and may play an important epigenetic mechanism of labor-related PR-B negative expression, thereby mediating the biological process of functional progesterone withdrawal at term for parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhuang
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Cui
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Sishi Liu
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dongming Zheng
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Cleys ER, Halleran JL, Enriquez VA, da Silveira JC, West RC, Winger QA, Anthony RV, Bruemmer JE, Clay CM, Bouma GJ. Androgen receptor and histone lysine demethylases in ovine placenta. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117472. [PMID: 25675430 PMCID: PMC4326353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex steroid hormones regulate developmental programming in many tissues, including programming gene expression during prenatal development. While estradiol is known to regulate placentation, little is known about the role of testosterone and androgen signaling in placental development despite the fact that testosterone rises in maternal circulation during pregnancy and in placenta-induced pregnancy disorders. We investigated the role of testosterone in placental gene expression, and focused on androgen receptor (AR). Prenatal androgenization decreased global DNA methylation in gestational day 90 placentomes, and increased placental expression of AR as well as genes involved in epigenetic regulation, angiogenesis, and growth. As AR complexes with histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) to regulate AR target genes in human cancers, we also investigated if the same mechanism is present in the ovine placenta. AR co-immunoprecipitated with KDM1A and KDM4D in sheep placentomes, and AR-KDM1A complexes were recruited to a half-site for androgen response element (ARE) in the promoter region of VEGFA. Androgenized ewes also had increased cotyledonary VEGFA. Finally, in human first trimester placental samples KDM1A and KDM4D immunolocalized to the syncytiotrophoblast, with nuclear KDM1A and KDM4D immunostaining also present in the villous stroma. In conclusion, placental androgen signaling, possibly through AR-KDM complex recruitment to AREs, regulates placental VEGFA expression. AR and KDMs are also present in first trimester human placenta. Androgens appear to be an important regulator of trophoblast differentiation and placental development, and aberrant androgen signaling may contribute to the development of placental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellane R. Cleys
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Halleran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Vanessa A. Enriquez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Juliano C. da Silveira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Rachel C. West
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Quinton A. Winger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Russell V. Anthony
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jason E. Bruemmer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Colin M. Clay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Gerrit J. Bouma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Shan N, Xiao X, Chen Y, Luo X, Yin N, Deng Q, Qi H. Expression of DAB2IP in human trophoblast and its role in trophoblast invasion. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:393-9. [PMID: 25604087 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.1001974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DAB2IP is a growth inhibitor present in many types of cancer cells and is associated with epigenetic regulations controlling tumor development. The primary objective of this study is to determine whether DAB2IP participates in the invasion and migration of trophoblasts during placental development. METHODS The expressions of DAB2IP in human placentas (10 villi, 18 term placentas and 20 pre-eclampsia placentas) were determined by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR. HTR8/SVneo cells were treated with hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) to test how DAB2IP expression would affect the invasion and migration of trophoblasts. JEG-3 andHTR8/SVneo cells were treated with 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) to study the role of DAB2IP promoter methylation in trophoblasts. RESULTS DAB2IP was strongly expressed in human villi and extravillous trophoblasts as well as in HTR8/SVneo cells, but not in pre-eclampsia placentas. DAB2IP expression increased after H/R treatment, but the invasive and migratory abilities of trophoblasts were reduced. DAB2IP expression in JEG-3 cells also increased after treatment with 5-aza-dC. CONCLUSIONS These findings strongly suggest that DAB2IP is an important negative regulator at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy. Excessive oxidative stress can increase DAB2IP expression in trophoblasts. The mechanism of DNA methylation may involve in its function during the development of pathologic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shan
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiu Xiao
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Luo
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Nanlin Yin
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyin Deng
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
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Pan X, Bowman M, Scott RJ, Fitter J, Nicholson RC, Smith R, Zakar T. Methylation of the Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Gene Promoter in BeWo Cells: Relationship to Gene Activity. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:861302. [PMID: 26457081 PMCID: PMC4589633 DOI: 10.1155/2015/861302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) production by the human placenta increases exponentially as pregnancy advances, and the rate of increase predicts gestational length. CRH gene expression is regulated by cAMP in trophoblasts through a cyclic AMP-response element (CRE), which changes its transcription factor binding properties upon methylation. Here we determined whether methylation of the CRH proximal promoter controls basal and cAMP-stimulated CRH expression in BeWo cells, a well-characterized trophoblastic cell line. We treated the cells with 8-Br-cAMP and the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2' deoxycytidine (5-AZA-dC) and determined the effects on CRH mRNA level and promoter methylation. Clonal bisulfite sequencing showed partial and allele independent methylation of CpGs in the CRH promoter. CRH mRNA expression and the methylation of a subset of CpGs (including CpG2 in the CRE) increased spontaneously during culture. 8-Br-cAMP stimulated CRH expression without affecting the increase in methylation. 5-AZA-dC decreased methylation and augmented 8-Br-cAMP-stimulated CRH expression, but it blocked the spontaneous increase of CRH mRNA level. We conclude that the CRH promoter is a dynamically and intermediately methylated genomic region in BeWo cells. Promoter methylation did not inhibit CRH gene expression under the conditions employed; rather it determined the contribution of alternative cAMP-independent pathways and cAMP-independent mechanisms to CRH expression control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pan
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Maria Bowman
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Rodney J. Scott
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Molecular Medicine, Hunter Area Pathology Service, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2310, Australia
| | - John Fitter
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Richard C. Nicholson
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2310, Australia
| | - Roger Smith
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2310, Australia
| | - Tamas Zakar
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2310, Australia
- *Tamas Zakar:
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Vilahur N, Bustamante M, Byun HM, Fernandez MF, Santa Marina L, Basterrechea M, Ballester F, Murcia M, Tardón A, Fernández-Somoano A, Estivill X, Olea N, Sunyer J, Baccarelli AA. Prenatal exposure to mixtures of xenoestrogens and repetitive element DNA methylation changes in human placenta. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 71:81-7. [PMID: 24980756 PMCID: PMC4122792 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) has previously shown to alter epigenetic marks. OBJECTIVES In this work we explore whether prenatal exposure to mixtures of xenoestrogens has the potential to alter the placenta epigenome, by studying DNA methylation in retrotransposons as a surrogate of global DNA methylation. METHODS The biomarker total effective xenoestrogen burden (TEXB) was measured in 192 placentas from participants in the longitudinal INMA Project. DNA methylation was quantitatively assessed by bisulfite pyrosequencing on 10 different retrotransposons including 3 different long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), 4 short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) and 3 human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). Associations were tested using linear mixed-effects regression models and sex interaction was evaluated. RESULTS A significant sex interaction was observed for AluYb8 (p-value for interaction <0.001, significant at Bonferroni corrected p-value threshold of 0.0025). Boys with the highest TEXB-alpha levels of exposure (third tertile) presented on average a decrease of 0.84% in methylation compared to those in the first tertile (p-value<0.001), while no significant effects were found in girls (p-value=0.134). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that boys may be more susceptible to the effect of exposure to xenoestrogens during prenatal development, producing shifts in DNA methylation of certain sensitive genomic repetitive sequences in a tissue important for fetal growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Vilahur
- Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Genomics and Disease Group, Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Genomics and Disease Group, Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Hyang-Min Byun
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Exposure Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariana F Fernandez
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Radiology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa Marina
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Department of Health of the Basque, Spain; Health Research Institute, BIODONOSTIA, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Mikel Basterrechea
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Department of Health of the Basque, Spain; Health Research Institute, BIODONOSTIA, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ferran Ballester
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Centre for Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Murcia
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Centre for Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Xavier Estivill
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Genomics and Disease Group, Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Health and Life Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nicolas Olea
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Radiology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Health and Life Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Exposure Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Rahat B, Hamid A, Ahmad Najar R, Bagga R, Kaur J. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate placental c-myc and hTERT in normal and pathological pregnancies; c-myc as a novel fetal DNA epigenetic marker for pre-eclampsia. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:1026-1040. [PMID: 25024139 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Placental development is known for its resemblance with tumor development, such as in the expression of oncogenes (c-myc) and telomerase (hTERT). The expression of c-myc and hTERT is up-regulated during early pregnancy and gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs). To determine the role of DNA methylation [via methylation-sensitive high resolution melting (MS-HRM)] and histone modifications [via chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP assay)] in regulating the differential expression of c-myc and hTERT during normal gestation and their dysregulation during placental disorders, we obtained placental samples from 135 pregnant women, in five groups: normal first, second and third trimester (n = 30 each), pre-eclamptic pregnancy (n = 30) and molar pregnancy (n = 15). Two placental cell lines (JEG-3 and HTR-8/SVneo) and isolated first-trimester cytotrophoblasts were also studied. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed decreased mRNA expression levels of c-myc and hTERT, which were associated with a higher level of H3K9me3 (1.5-fold, P < 0.05) and H3K27me3 (1.9-fold, P < 0.05), respectively, in third-trimester placental villi versus first-trimester villi. A significantly lower level of H3K27me3 in molar placenta was associated with a higher mRNA expression of c-myc and hTERT. The development of pre-eclampsia (PE) was associated with increased methylation (P < 0.001) and H3K27me3 (P < 0.01) at the c-myc promoter and reduced H3K9me3 (P < 0.01) and H3K27me3 (P < 0.05) at the hTERT promoter. Further, mRNA expression of c-myc and hTERT was strongly correlated in molar villi (r = 0.88, P < 0.01) and JEG-3 cells (r = 0.99, P < 0.02). Moreover, on the basis of methylation data, we demonstrate the potential of c-myc as a fetal DNA epigenetic marker for pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Thus we suggest a role for epigenetic mechanisms in regulating differential expression of c-myc and hTERT during placental development and use of the c-myc promoter region as a potential fetal DNA marker in the case of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Rahat
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rauf Ahmad Najar
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rashmi Bagga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Jyotdeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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47
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Li Y, Huang Y, Lv Y, Meng G, Guo QN. Epigenetic regulation of the pro-apoptosis gene TSSC3 in human osteosarcoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:45-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Logan PC, Mitchell MD, Lobie PE. DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblasts. Front Genet 2013; 4:265. [PMID: 24363660 PMCID: PMC3849743 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Specialized cell types of trophoblast cells form the placenta in which each cell type has particular properties of proliferation and invasion. The placenta sustains the growth of the fetus throughout pregnancy and any aberrant trophoblast differentiation or invasion potentially affects the future health of the child and adult. Recently, the field of epigenetics has been applied to understand differentiation of trophoblast lineages and embryonic stem cells (ESC), from fertilization of the oocyte onward. Each trophoblast cell-type has a distinctive epigenetic profile and we will concentrate on the epigenetic mechanism of DNA methyltransferases and TETs that regulate DNA methylation. Environmental factors affecting the mother potentially regulate the DNA methyltransferases in trophoblasts, and so do steroid hormones, cell cycle regulators, such as p53, and cytokines, especially interlukin-1β. There are interesting questions of why trophoblast genomes are globally hypomethylated yet specific genes can be suppressed by hypermethylation (in general, tumor suppressor genes, such as E-cadherin) and how invasive cell-types are liable to have condensed chromatin, as in metastatic cancer cells. Future work will attempt to understand the interactive nature of all epigenetic mechanisms together and their effect on the complex biological system of trophoblast differentiation and invasion in normal as well as pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Logan
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Murray D Mitchell
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore Singapore, Singapore
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49
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An integrative view on the physiology of human early placental villi. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 114:33-48. [PMID: 24291663 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The placenta is an indispensable organ for intrauterine protection, development and growth of the embryo and fetus. It provides tight contact between mother and conceptus, enabling the exchange of gas, nutrients and waste products. The human placenta is discoidal in shape, and bears a hemo-monochorial interface as well as villous materno-fetal interdigitations. Since Peter Medawar's astonishment to the paradoxical nature of the mother-fetus relationship in 1953, substantial knowledge in the domain of placental physiology has been gathered. In the present essay, an attempt has been made to build an integrated understanding of morphological dynamics, cell biology, and functional aspects of genomic and proteomic expression of human early placental villous trophoblast cells followed by a commentary on the future directions of research in this field.
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50
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Reynolds RM, Jacobsen GH, Drake AJ. What is the evidence in humans that DNA methylation changes link events in utero and later life disease? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2013; 78:814-22. [PMID: 23374091 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Development in utero is now recognized as crucial to determining later life disease susceptibility. Whilst mechanisms are poorly understood, there has been considerable interest in the potential role of epigenetic processes in intra-uterine programming of disease. Epigenetic modifications include various mechanisms that influence chromatin structure and gene expression. Here, we review emerging data from human studies that altered DNA methylation links intra-uterine events with later life disease. Further research in this field is needed to determine whether altered DNA methylation in target tissues can be used as a biomarker for the early identification of and intervention in individuals most at risk of later life disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Reynolds
- Endocrinology Unit, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK.
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