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Bignardi PR, de Andrade Castello P, de Matos Aquino B, Delfino VDA. Is the vitamin D status of patients with COVID-19 associated with reduced mortality? A systematic review and meta-analysis. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 67:276-288. [PMID: 36913680 PMCID: PMC10689034 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the association between serum vitamin D status and mortality in patients with COVID- 19. We searched PubMed and Embase for studies addressing the association of serum vitamin D levels and COVID-19 mortality published until April 24, 2022. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were pooled using fixed or random effects models. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The meta-analysis included 21 studies that measured serum vitamin D levels close to the date of admission, of which 2 were case-control and 19 were cohort studies. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with COVID-19 mortality in the overall analysis but not when the analysis was adjusted to vitamin D cutoff levels < 10 or < 12 ng/mL (RR 1.60, 95% CI 0.93-2.27, I2 60.2%). Similarly, analyses including only studies that adjusted measures of effect for confounders showed no association between vitamin D status and death. However, when the analysis included studies without adjustments for confounding factors, the RR was 1.51 (95% CI 1.28-1.74, I2 0.0%), suggesting that confounders may have led to many observational studies incorrectly estimating the association between vitamin D status and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Deficient vitamin D levels were not associated with increased mortality rate in patients with COVID-19 when the analysis included studies with adjustments for confounders. Randomized clinical trials are needed to assess this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R Bignardi
- Faculdade de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brasil,
| | | | - Bruno de Matos Aquino
- Faculdade de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - Vinicius Daher Alvares Delfino
- Faculdade de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brasil
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brasil
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2
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Chanpaisaeng K, Reyes‐Fernandez PC, Dilkes B, Fleet JC. Diet X Gene Interactions Control Femoral Bone Adaptation To Low Dietary Calcium. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10668. [PMID: 36111202 PMCID: PMC9465001 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Krittikan Chanpaisaeng
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Perla C. Reyes‐Fernandez
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy Indiana University ‐ Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Brian Dilkes
- Center for Plant Biology Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
- Department of Biochemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
| | - James C. Fleet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and the Dell Pediatric Research Institute University of Texas Austin TX USA
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3
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Liu P, Wang Y, Zhang N, Zhao X, Li R, Wang Y, Chen C, Wang D, Zhang X, Chen L, Zhao D. Comprehensive identification of RNA transcripts and construction of RNA network in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2022; 23:154. [PMID: 35690768 PMCID: PMC9188256 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the world’s leading causes of death and a major chronic disease, highly prevalent in the aging population exposed to tobacco smoke and airborne pollutants, which calls for early and useful biomolecular predictors. Roles of noncoding RNAs in COPD have been proposed, however, not many studies have systematically investigated the crosstalk among various transcripts in this context. The construction of RNA functional networks such as lncRNA-mRNA, and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction networks could therefore facilitate our understanding of RNA interactions in COPD. Here, we identified the expression of RNA transcripts in RNA sequencing from COPD patients, and the potential RNA networks were further constructed. Methods All fresh peripheral blood samples of three patients with COPD and three non-COPD patients were collected and examined for mRNA, miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA expression followed by qRT-PCR validation. We also examined mRNA expression to enrich relevant biological pathways. lncRNA-mRNA coexpression network and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in COPD were constructed. Results In this study, we have comprehensively identified and analyzed the differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs in peripheral blood of COPD patients with high-throughput RNA sequencing. 282 mRNAs, 146 lncRNAs, 85 miRNAs, and 81 circRNAs were differentially expressed. GSEA analysis showed that these differentially expressed RNAs correlate with several critical biological processes such as “ncRNA metabolic process”, “ncRNA processing”, “ribosome biogenesis”, “rRNAs metabolic process”, “tRNA metabolic process” and “tRNA processing”, which might be participating in the progression of COPD. RT-qPCR with more clinical COPD samples was used for the validation of some differentially expressed RNAs, and the results were in high accordance with the RNA sequencing. Given the putative regulatory function of lncRNAs and circRNAs, we have constructed the co-expression network between lncRNA and mRNA. To demonstrate the potential interactions between circRNAs and miRNAs, we have also constructed a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of differential expression circRNA-miRNA-mRNA in COPD. Conclusions In this study, we have identified and analyzed the differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs, providing a systematic view of the differentially expressed RNA in the context of COPD. We have also constructed the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network, and for the first time constructed the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA in COPD. This study reveals the RNA involvement and potential regulatory roles in COPD, and further uncovers the interactions among those RNAs, which will assist the pathological investigations of COPD and shed light on therapeutic targets exploration for COPD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02069-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yucong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Renming Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Dahai Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
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Ashbrook DG, Arends D, Prins P, Mulligan MK, Roy S, Williams EG, Lutz CM, Valenzuela A, Bohl CJ, Ingels JF, McCarty MS, Centeno AG, Hager R, Auwerx J, Lu L, Williams RW. A platform for experimental precision medicine: The extended BXD mouse family. Cell Syst 2021; 12:235-247.e9. [PMID: 33472028 PMCID: PMC7979527 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The challenge of precision medicine is to model complex interactions among DNA variants, phenotypes, development, environments, and treatments. We address this challenge by expanding the BXD family of mice to 140 fully isogenic strains, creating a uniquely powerful model for precision medicine. This family segregates for 6 million common DNA variants-a level that exceeds many human populations. Because each member can be replicated, heritable traits can be mapped with high power and precision. Current BXD phenomes are unsurpassed in coverage and include much omics data and thousands of quantitative traits. BXDs can be extended by a single-generation cross to as many as 19,460 isogenic F1 progeny, and this extended BXD family is an effective platform for testing causal modeling and for predictive validation. BXDs are a unique core resource for the field of experimental precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Ashbrook
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Danny Arends
- Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pjotr Prins
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Megan K Mulligan
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Suheeta Roy
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Evan G Williams
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Université du Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cathleen M Lutz
- Mouse Repository and the Rare and Orphan Disease Center, the Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Alicia Valenzuela
- Mouse Repository and the Rare and Orphan Disease Center, the Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Casey J Bohl
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jesse F Ingels
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Melinda S McCarty
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Arthur G Centeno
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Reinmar Hager
- Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Cao S, Cladis DP, Weaver CM. Use of Calcium Isotopic Tracers To Determine Factors That Perturb Calcium Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12886-12892. [PMID: 32299214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Calcium plays an important role in maintaining bone health. Ensuring adequate calcium intake throughout life is essential for reaching greater peak bone mass in young adulthood and lowering osteoporotic fracture risk when aging. Calcium homeostasis involves a complex interaction between three organ systems: intestine, kidney, and bone. Metabolic balance plus kinetic studies using calcium isotopic tracers can estimate calcium metabolism parameters and pinpoint how organs and processes are perturbed by internal and external modifiers. Both modifiable factors (e.g., vitamin D supplementations and dietary bioactives) and non-modifiable factors (e.g., age, sex, and race) influence calcium utilization. Current evidence suggests that prebiotic fibers may offer an alternative approach to enhance calcium absorption through altering gut microbiota to ultimately improve bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Cao
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Dennis P Cladis
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Connie M Weaver
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Wang Y, Miller JW, Bello NT, Shapses SA. Low-vitamin-D diet lowers cerebral serotonin concentration in mature female mice. Nutr Res 2020; 81:71-80. [PMID: 32920521 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Low circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) is commonly found in obese individuals and is often attributed to a volume dilution effect of adipose tissue. However, low vitamin D (LD) intake may contribute to the obesity itself. In this study, we examine whether low vitamin D status contributes to increased food intake and weight gain and can be explained by altered brain serotonin metabolism in 8-month-old female C57BL/6J mice. In a first experiment, mice were fed a 45% high-fat diet (HFD) containing different amounts of vitamin D at low (100 IU/kg), normal (1,000 IU/kg) or high (10,000 IU/kg) intake. After 10 weeks, mice fed LD had greater energy intake, weight gain, total and hepatic fat than the higher vitamin D groups (P < .05). In a second experiment, mice were examined for the central serotonin regulation of food intake after a 10% normal-fat diet (NFD) or 45% HFD containing low (100 IU/kg) or normal (1000 IU/kg) vitamin D. After 10 weeks, both HFD and LD diets attenuated circulating 25OHD concentration. Additionally, LD intake lowered cortical serotonin level, regardless of dietary fat intake (P < .05). In the arcuate and raphe nuclei, gene expression of vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase was lower due to LD during HFD feeding (P < .05). Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 and serotonin reuptake transporter gene expression was not altered due to LD. Overall, these findings suggest that a LD diet alters peripheral 25OHD, reduces central serotonin, and may contribute to weight gain in an obesogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sue A Shapses
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers-RWJ Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ.
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Li CH, Tang X, Wasnik S, Wang X, Zhang J, Xu Y, Lau KHW, Nguyen HB, Baylink DJ. Mechanistic study of the cause of decreased blood 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in sepsis. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:1020. [PMID: 31791247 PMCID: PMC6888965 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency, determined by blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D, i.e. the major vitamin D form in blood], has been shown to associate with all-cause mortalities. We recently demonstrated that blood levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D, i.e. the active vitamin D] were significantly lower in non-survivors compared to survivors among sepsis patients. Unexpectedly, despite the well documented roles of 1,25(OH)2D in multiple biological functions such as regulation of immune responses, stimulation of antimicrobials, and maintenance of barrier function, 1,25(OH)2D supplementation failed to improve disease outcomes. These previous findings suggest that, in addition to 1,25(OH)2D deficiency, disorders leading to the 1,25(OH)2D deficiency also contribute to mortality among sepsis patients. Therefore, this study investigated the mechanisms leading to sepsis-associated 1,25(OH)2D deficiency. Methods We studied mechanisms known to regulate kidney 25-hydroxylvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase which physiologically catalyzes the conversion of 25(OH) D into 1,25(OH)2D. Such mechanisms included parathyroid hormone (PTH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), and kidney function. Results We demonstrated in both human subjects and mice that sepsis-associated 1,25(OH)2D deficiency could not be overcome by increased production of PTH which stimulates 1α-hydroxylase. Further studies showed that this failure of PTH to maintain blood 1,25(OH)2D levels was associated with decreased blood levels of IGF-1, increased blood levels of FGF-23, and kidney failure. Since the increase in blood levels of FGF-23 is known to associate with kidney failure, we further investigated the mechanisms leading to sepsis-induced decrease in blood levels of IGF-1. Our data showed that blood levels of growth hormone, which stimulates IGF-1 production in liver, were increased but could not overcome the IGF-1 deficiency. Additionally, we found that the inability of growth hormone to restore the IGF-1 deficiency was associated with suppressed expression and signaling of growth hormone receptor in liver. Conclusions Because FGF-23 and IGF-1 have multiple biological functions besides their role in regulating kidney 1α-hydroxylase, our data suggest that FGF-23 and IGF-1 are warranted for further investigation as potential agents for the correction of 1,25(OH)2D deficiency and for the improvement of survival among sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Huang Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Xiaolei Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA. .,Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY, 11548, USA.
| | - Samiksha Wasnik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Division of Infectious Disease, Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Kin-Hing William Lau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L. Pettis Memorial Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - H Bryant Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Hyperbaric and Sleep Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - David J Baylink
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The phosphaturic hormone FGF23 is produced primarily in osteoblasts/osteocytes and is known to respond to increases in serum phosphate and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D (1,25D). Novel regulators of FGF23 were recently identified, and may help explain the pathophysiologies of several diseases. This review will focus on recent studies examining the synthesis and actions of FGF23. RECENT FINDINGS The synthesis of FGF23 in response to 1,25D is similar to other steroid hormone targets, but the cellular responses to phosphate remain largely unknown. The activity of intracellular processing genes control FGF23 glycosylation and phosphorylation, providing critical functions in determining the serum levels of bioactive FGF23. The actions of FGF23 largely occur through its co-receptor αKlotho (KL) under normal circumstances, but FGF23 has KL-independent activity during situations of high concentrations. SUMMARY Recent work regarding FGF23 synthesis and bioactivity, as well as considerations for diseases of altered phosphate balance will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Noonan
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kenneth E White
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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